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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Laridae</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 111 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-111" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">111 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%83%D1%8D" title="Хытхьарыкъуэ – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Хытхьарыкъуэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meeue" title="Meeue – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Meeue" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B3%E1%89%A2%E1%88%B3" title="ሳቢሳ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሳቢሳ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="نورسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نورسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qiwlla" title="Qiwlla – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Qiwlla" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qa%C4%9Fay%C4%B1lar" title="Qağayılar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qağayılar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2" title="গাঙচিল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গাঙচিল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сарлаҡтар – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сарлаҡтар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Чайкавыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Чайкавыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Чайкови – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Чайкови" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8D" title="སྐྱར་མོ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྐྱར་མོ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galeb" title="Galeb – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Galeb" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A0rids" title="Làrids – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Làrids" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83%D0%BA_%D0%B9%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Чарлăк йышшисем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Чарлăк йышшисем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanaway" title="Kanaway – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kanaway" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rackovit%C3%AD" title="Rackovití – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rackovití" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwylan" title="Gwylan – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwylan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5gefugle" title="Mågefugle – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mågefugle" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1iskelottit" title="Báiskelottit – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Báiskelottit" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B6wenverwandte" title="Möwenverwandte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Möwenverwandte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3nteel_ts%C3%ADdii_d%C3%B3%C3%B3_bik%CA%BC%C3%A9%C3%AD" title="Tónteel tsídii dóó bikʼéí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tónteel tsídii dóó bikʼéí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kajaklased" title="Kajaklased – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kajaklased" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Транзей – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Транзей" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laredoj" title="Laredoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Laredoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaio" title="Kaio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kaio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کاکاییان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کاکاییان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1si" title="Mási – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mási" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seef%C3%BBgels" title="Seefûgels – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Seefûgels" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coc%C3%A2l" title="Cocâl – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Cocâl" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faoileag" title="Faoileag – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Faoileag" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaivota" title="Gaivota – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gaivota" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A7%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A1%E0%AB%8B" title="ધોમડો – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ધોમડો" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%88%EB%A7%A4%EA%B8%B0%EA%B3%BC" title="갈매기과 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="갈매기과" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Որորներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Որորներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="गंगा चिल्ली – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गंगा चिल्ली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galebovi" title="Galebovi – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Galebovi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camar" title="Camar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Camar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%C3%A6%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Кæсагдзау – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Кæсагдзау" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1far" title="Máfar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Máfar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%97%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="שחפיים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שחפיים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="თოლიასებრნი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თოლიასებრნი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D2%B1%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Шағалалар тұқымдасы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шағалалар тұқымдасы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shakwe" title="Shakwe – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Shakwe" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8F" title="Каля – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Каля" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lofta_(Laridae)" title="Lofta (Laridae) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Lofta (Laridae)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eehing" title="Şehing – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şehing" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Чардактар – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Чардактар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaiju_dzimta" title="Kaiju dzimta – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kaiju dzimta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiriniai" title="Kiriniai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kiriniai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ochin_de_m%C3%A2" title="Ochin de mâ – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Ochin de mâ" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miewe" title="Miewe – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Miewe" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kajoit" title="Kajoit – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Kajoit" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir%C3%A1lyf%C3%A9l%C3%A9k" title="Sirályfélék – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sirályfélék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B8" title="Галеби – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Галеби" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%80" title="समुद्रपक्षी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="समुद्रपक्षी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%87" title="نورسيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نورسيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camar" title="Camar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Camar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%80-%C4%ADng" title="Ngṳ̀-ĭng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ngṳ̀-ĭng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8" title="Транзи – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Транзи" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meeuwen_(vogels)" title="Meeuwen (vogels) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Meeuwen (vogels)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mieuw" title="Mieuw – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Mieuw" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%A2%E3%83%A1%E7%A7%91" title="カモメ科 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カモメ科" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuben" title="Kuben – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kuben" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5kefamilien" title="Måkefamilien – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Måkefamilien" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5sefamilien" title="Måsefamilien – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Måsefamilien" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauve" title="Mauve – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Mauve" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baliqchilar" title="Baliqchilar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Baliqchilar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80" title="ਸਮੁੰਦਰੀ ਮੁਰਗਾਬੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਮੁੰਦਰੀ ਮੁਰਗਾਬੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meven" title="Meven – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Meven" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mewowate" title="Mewowate – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mewowate" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lar%C3%ADdeos" title="Larídeos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Larídeos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qiwlla" title="Qiwlla – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qiwlla" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Мевовы – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Мевовы" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Чайковые – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Чайковые" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%83%D2%A5%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BA%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D" title="Хоптотуҥулар кэргэннэрэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Хоптотуҥулар кэргэннэрэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maw_(bird)" title="Maw (bird) – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Maw (bird)" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pul%C3%ABbardha" title="Pulëbardha – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pulëbardha" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gull" title="Gull – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gull" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cajkovit%C3%A9" title="Čajkovité – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Čajkovité" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galebi" title="Galebi – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Galebi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Галебови – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Галебови" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galeb" title="Galeb – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Galeb" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lokit" title="Lokit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lokit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A5sf%C3%A5glar" title="Måsfåglar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Måsfåglar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bako" title="Bako – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bako" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88" title="நீள் சிறகு கடற்பறவை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நீள் சிறகு கடற்பறவை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Акчарлаклар – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Акчарлаклар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5" title="วงศ์นกนางนวล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วงศ์นกนางนวล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%81%D2%B3%D1%83" title="Ёҳу – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ёҳу" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A2h%C3%B3omoeh%C3%A1-v%C3%A9%27k%C3%A9so" title="Mâhóomoehá-vé'késo – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Mâhóomoehá-vé'késo" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Мартинові – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мартинові" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="چايكا – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="چايكا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Laridae" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%8D_M%C3%B2ng_bi%E1%BB%83n" title="Họ Mòng biển – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Họ Mòng biển" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AAeuwn" title="Mêeuwn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Mêeuwn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" 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class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Larus_argentatus_ad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Larus_argentatus_ad.jpg/220px-Larus_argentatus_ad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Larus_argentatus_ad.jpg/330px-Larus_argentatus_ad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Larus_argentatus_ad.jpg/440px-Larus_argentatus_ad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="608" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><a href="/wiki/European_herring_gull" title="European herring gull">European herring gull</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Laridae" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">Aves</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charadriiformes" title="Charadriiformes">Charadriiformes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Suborder: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lari_(bird)" title="Lari (bird)">Lari</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Laridae</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Constantine_Samuel_Rafinesque" title="Constantine Samuel Rafinesque">Rafinesque</a>, 1815</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Subfamilies" class="mw-redirect" title="Subfamilies">Subfamilies</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anoinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Anoinae">Anoinae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyginae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyginae">Gyginae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rynchopinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Rynchopinae">Rynchopinae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Larinae">Larinae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sterninae">Sterninae</a></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>Laridae</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Family_(Biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Family (Biology)">family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Seabird" title="Seabird">seabirds</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">order</a> <a href="/wiki/Charadriiformes" title="Charadriiformes">Charadriiformes</a> that includes the <a href="/wiki/Gull" title="Gull">gulls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tern" title="Tern">terns</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Gygis" title="Gygis">white terns</a>), <a href="/wiki/Anous" title="Anous">noddies</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Skimmer_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skimmer (bird)">skimmers</a>. It includes around 100 <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> arranged into 22 <a href="/wiki/Genera" class="mw-redirect" title="Genera">genera</a>. They are an adaptable group of mostly aerial birds found worldwide. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laridae&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laridae_on_Lake_Baikal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Laridae_on_Lake_Baikal.png/250px-Laridae_on_Lake_Baikal.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Laridae_on_Lake_Baikal.png/330px-Laridae_on_Lake_Baikal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Laridae_on_Lake_Baikal.png/500px-Laridae_on_Lake_Baikal.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="816" /></a><figcaption>Laridae on Lake Baikal</figcaption></figure> <p>The family Laridae was introduced (as Laridia) by the French <a href="/wiki/Polymath" title="Polymath">polymath</a> <a href="/wiki/Constantine_Samuel_Rafinesque" title="Constantine Samuel Rafinesque">Constantine Samuel Rafinesque</a> in 1815.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, Laridae were restricted to the <a href="/wiki/Gull" title="Gull">gulls</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/Tern" title="Tern">terns</a> were placed in a separate family, Sternidae, and the <a href="/wiki/Skimmer_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skimmer (bird)">skimmers</a> in a third family, <a href="/wiki/Rynchopidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Rynchopidae">Rynchopidae</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CB08_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CB08-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Noddy_(tern)" class="mw-redirect" title="Noddy (tern)">noddies</a> were traditionally included in Sternidae. In 1990 Charles Sibley and Jon Ahlquist included <a href="/wiki/Auks" class="mw-redirect" title="Auks">auks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skuas" class="mw-redirect" title="Skuas">skuas</a> in a broader family Laridae.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Molecular_phylogenetic" class="mw-redirect" title="Molecular phylogenetic">molecular phylogenetic</a> study by Baker and colleagues published in 2007 found that the noddies in the genus <i><a href="/wiki/Anous" title="Anous">Anous</a></i> formed a <a href="/wiki/Sister_group" title="Sister group">sister group</a> to a <a href="/wiki/Clade" title="Clade">clade</a> containing the gulls, skimmers, and the other terns.<sup id="cite_ref-baker2007_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker2007-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To create a <a href="/wiki/Monophyletic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monophyletic">monophyletic</a> family group, Laridae was expanded to include the genera that had previously been in Sternidae and Rynchopidae.<sup id="cite_ref-ioc_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ioc-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hbw_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hbw-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Baker and colleagues found that the Laridae lineage diverged from a lineage that gave rise to both the skuas (<a href="/wiki/Stercorariidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Stercorariidae">Stercorariidae</a>) and auks (<a href="/wiki/Alcidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcidae">Alcidae</a>) before the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous</a> in the age of dinosaurs. They also found that the Laridae themselves began expanding in the early <a href="/wiki/Paleocene" title="Paleocene">Paleocene</a>, around 60 million years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-baker2007_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker2007-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The German palaeontologist <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Mayr" title="Gerald Mayr">Gerald Mayr</a> has questioned the validity of these early dates and suggested that inappropriate fossils were used in calibrating the molecular data. The earliest charadriiform fossils date only from the late <a href="/wiki/Eocene" title="Eocene">Eocene</a>, around 35 million years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Anders Ödeen and colleagues investigated the development of <a href="/wiki/Tetrachromacy" title="Tetrachromacy">ultraviolet vision</a> in shorebirds, by looking for the <a href="/wiki/OPN1SW" title="OPN1SW">SWS1 opsin gene</a> in various species; as gulls were the only shorebirds known to have developed the trait. They discovered that the gene was present in the gull, skimmer, and noddy lineages but not the tern lineage. They also recovered the noddies as an early lineage, though the evidence was not strong.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genera">Genera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laridae&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Genera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For the complete list of species, see the article <a href="/wiki/List_of_Laridae_species" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Laridae species">List of Laridae species</a>. </p> <ul><li>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Anoinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Anoinae">Anoinae</a> (noddies)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Anous" title="Anous">Anous</a></i> (5 species)</li></ul></li> <li>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Gyginae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyginae">Gyginae</a> (white terns) <ul><li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Gygis" title="Gygis">Gygis</a></i> (1 or 2 species)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Rynchopinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Rynchopinae">Rynchopinae</a> (skimmers) <ul><li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Rynchops" title="Rynchops">Rynchops</a></i> (3 species)</li></ul></li> <li>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Larinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Larinae">Larinae</a> (gulls) <ul><li>Genus <i>Creagrus</i> (<a href="/wiki/Swallow-tailed_gull" title="Swallow-tailed gull">swallow-tailed gull</a>)</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Kittiwake" title="Kittiwake">Rissa</a></i> (kittiwakes) (2 species)</li> <li>Genus <i>Pagophila</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ivory_gull" title="Ivory gull">ivory gull</a>)</li> <li>Genus <i>Xema</i> (<a href="/wiki/Sabine%27s_gull" title="Sabine's gull">Sabine's gull</a>)</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Chroicocephalus" title="Chroicocephalus">Chroicocephalus</a></i> (11 species)</li> <li>Genus <i>Hydrocoloeus</i> (<a href="/wiki/Little_gull" title="Little gull">little gull</a>)</li> <li>Genus <i>Rhodostethia</i> (<a href="/wiki/Ross%27s_gull" title="Ross's gull">Ross's gull</a>)</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Leucophaeus" title="Leucophaeus">Leucophaeus</a></i> (5 species)</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Ichthyaetus" title="Ichthyaetus">Ichthyaetus</a></i> (6 species)</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Larus" title="Larus">Larus</a></i> (25 species)</li></ul></li> <li>Subfamily <a href="/wiki/Sterninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sterninae">Sterninae</a> (terns) <ul><li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Gelochelidon" title="Gelochelidon">Gelochelidon</a></i> (2 species)</li> <li>Genus <i>Hydroprogne</i> (<a href="/wiki/Caspian_tern" title="Caspian tern">Caspian tern</a>)</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Thalasseus" title="Thalasseus">Thalasseus</a></i> (8 species)</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Sternula" title="Sternula">Sternula</a></i> (7 species)</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Onychoprion" title="Onychoprion">Onychoprion</a></i> (4 species)</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Sterna" title="Sterna">Sterna</a></i> (13 species)</li> <li>Genus <i><a href="/wiki/Chlidonias" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlidonias">Chlidonias</a></i> (4 species)</li> <li>Genus <i>Phaetusa</i> (<a href="/wiki/Large-billed_tern" title="Large-billed tern">large-billed tern</a>)</li> <li>Genus <i>Larosterna</i> (<a href="/wiki/Inca_tern" title="Inca tern">Inca tern</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cladogram">Cladogram</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laridae&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cladogram"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Part of the cladogram of the genera in the order <a href="/wiki/Charadriiformes" title="Charadriiformes">Charadriiformes</a> based on the analysis by Baker and colleagues published in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-baker2007_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-baker2007-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="clade"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261294616">body.skin-vector-2022 .mw-parser-output div.clade,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade{overflow-x:auto;overflow-y:hidden}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output div.clade p{font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto;display:table}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{min-width:0.2em;width:0.2em;padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label::before,.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel::before{content:"\2060 "}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0.1em 0.25em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf p{padding-right:5px;padding-left:2px}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR p{padding-left:5px;padding-right:2px}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse p{padding-left:5px;padding-right:2px}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade" style="font-size:90%;line-height:100%;width:400px;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><b>Laridae</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Anous" title="Anous">Anous</a></i> – noddies (5 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Gygis" title="Gygis">Gygis</a></i> – white terns (1 or 2 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Rynchops" title="Rynchops">Rynchops</a></i> – skimmers (3 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Larinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Larinae">Larinae</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Creagrus" class="mw-redirect" title="Creagrus">Creagrus</a></i> – swallow-tailed gull </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Rhodostethia" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodostethia">Rhodostethia</a></i> – Ross's gull </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Xema" class="mw-redirect" title="Xema">Xema</a></i> – Sabine's gull </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Pagophila" class="mw-redirect" title="Pagophila">Pagophila</a></i> – ivory gull </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Larus" title="Larus">Larus</a></i> – gulls (25 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Kittiwake" title="Kittiwake">Rissa</a></i> – kittiwakes (2 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/Sterninae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sterninae">Sterninae</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Phaetusa" class="mw-redirect" title="Phaetusa">Phaetusa</a></i> – large-billed tern </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Sternula" title="Sternula">Sternula</a></i> – terns (7 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Larosterna" class="mw-redirect" title="Larosterna">Larosterna</a></i> – Inca tern </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Gelochelidon" title="Gelochelidon">Gelochelidon</a></i> – terns (2 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Hydroprogne" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroprogne">Hydroprogne</a></i> – Caspian tern </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Chlidonias" class="mw-redirect" title="Chlidonias">Chlidonias</a></i> – marsh terns (4 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Thalasseus" title="Thalasseus">Thalasseus</a></i> – crested terns (8 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1261294616" /> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Onychoprion" title="Onychoprion">Onychoprion</a></i> – brown-backed terns (4 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/Sterna" title="Sterna">Sterna</a></i> – terns (13 species) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_and_habitat">Distribution and habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laridae&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Distribution and habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ahlainen.vaakuna.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Ahlainen.vaakuna.svg/250px-Ahlainen.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Ahlainen.vaakuna.svg/330px-Ahlainen.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="571" /></a><figcaption>The Laridae in the coat of arms of <a href="/wiki/Ahlainen" title="Ahlainen">Ahlainen</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Laridae have spread around the world, and their adaptability has likely been a factor. Most have become much more aerial than their ancestor, which was likely some form of shorebird.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laridae&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The genera are listed in <a href="/wiki/Taxonomic_sequence" title="Taxonomic sequence">taxonomic order</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ioc_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ioc-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">There is discussion in the IOC about renaming this species "white noddy" to reflect its relationships</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laridae&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and 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(2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hbw.com/node/52249">"Gulls, Terns, Skimmers (Laridae)"</a>. In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). <i>Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive</i>. Lynx Edicions. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2173%2Fbow.larida1.01">10.2173/bow.larida1.01</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:216448411">216448411</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gulls%2C+Terns%2C+Skimmers+%28Laridae%29&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+the+Birds+of+the+World+Alive&rft.pub=Lynx+Edicions&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2173%2Fbow.larida1.01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A216448411%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Burger&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.au=Gochfeld%2C+M.&rft.au=Bonan%2C+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hbw.com%2Fnode%2F52249&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaridae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMayr2011" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Mayr" title="Gerald Mayr">Mayr, Gerald</a> (2011). "The phylogeny of charadriiform birds (shorebirds and allies) – reassessing the conflict between morphology and molecules". <i>Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</i>. <b>161</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">916–</span>934. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2010.00654.x">10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00654.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zoological+Journal+of+the+Linnean+Society&rft.atitle=The+phylogeny+of+charadriiform+birds+%28shorebirds+and+allies%29+%E2%80%93+reassessing+the+conflict+between+morphology+and+molecules&rft.volume=161&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E916-%3C%2Fspan%3E934&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2010.00654.x&rft.aulast=Mayr&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaridae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOdeenHåstadAlström2010" class="citation journal cs1">Odeen, Anders; Håstad, Olle; Alström, Per (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2880050">"Evolution of ultraviolet vision in shorebirds (Charadriiformes)"</a>. <i>Biology Letters</i>. <b>6</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">370–</span>74. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbl.2009.0877">10.1098/rsbl.2009.0877</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2880050">2880050</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20015861">20015861</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+Letters&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+ultraviolet+vision+in+shorebirds+%28Charadriiformes%29&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E370-%3C%2Fspan%3E74&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2880050%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20015861&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1098%2Frsbl.2009.0877&rft.aulast=Odeen&rft.aufirst=Anders&rft.au=H%C3%A5stad%2C+Olle&rft.au=Alstr%C3%B6m%2C+Per&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2880050&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaridae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMoynihan1959" class="citation book cs1">Moynihan, Martin (1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/bitstream/handle/2246/5365//v2/dspace/ingest/pdfSource/nov/N1928.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y"><i>A revision of the family Laridae (Aves)</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. American Museum Novitates. Vol. 1928. New York: American Museum of Natural History.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+revision+of+the+family+Laridae+%28Aves%29&rft.place=New+York&rft.series=American+Museum+Novitates&rft.pub=American+Museum+of+Natural+History&rft.date=1959&rft.aulast=Moynihan&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigitallibrary.amnh.org%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F2246%2F5365%2F%2Fv2%2Fdspace%2Fingest%2FpdfSource%2Fnov%2FN1928.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1%26isAllowed%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALaridae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laridae&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Grant, Peter J. (1986) <i>Gulls: a guide to identification</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85661-044-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-85661-044-5">0-85661-044-5</a></li> <li>Howell, Steve N. G. and Jon Dunn (2007) <i>Gulls of the Americas</i> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-618-72641-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-618-72641-1">0-618-72641-1</a></li> <li>Olsen, Klaus Malling & Larsson, Hans (1995): <i>Terns of Europe and North America</i>. <a href="/wiki/Helm_Identification_Guides" title="Helm Identification Guides">Christopher Helm</a>, London. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7136-4056-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7136-4056-1">0-7136-4056-1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laridae&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/20px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/40px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span> Data related to <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Laridae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Laridae">Laridae</a> at Wikispecies</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Laridae" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Laridae">Laridae</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers3432" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers3432" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Laridae</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27589" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q27589">Q27589</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Laridae" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Laridae">Laridae</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Laridae/">Laridae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Laridae">Laridae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bench.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=1425">1425</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/BSK">BSK</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/8001">8001</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1LARUF">1LARUF</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:10782">10782</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea (new)</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/246935aa-567f-4682-8eca-cea308b79055">246935aa-567f-4682-8eca-cea308b79055</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/9316">9316</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/4342">4342</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=100637">100637</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=176802">176802</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NBNSYS0000160274">NBNSYS0000160274</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=8910">8910</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/e271e09e-4cd1-40e2-8384-a0d7fd68bac9">e271e09e-4cd1-40e2-8384-a0d7fd68bac9</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=887693">887693</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=39603">39603</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=136988">136988</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox1040" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th 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