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for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-改元" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#改元"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>改元</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-改元-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-大事记" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#大事记"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>大事记</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-大事记-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-重要人物" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#重要人物"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>重要人物</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-重要人物-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-纪年对照表" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#纪年对照表"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>纪年对照表</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-纪年对照表-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-同期存在的其他政权年号" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#同期存在的其他政权年号"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>同期存在的其他政权年号</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-同期存在的其他政权年号-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸閱讀" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸閱讀"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>延伸閱讀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸閱讀-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參看" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參看"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>參看</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參看-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">建文</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。7种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jianwen_(era)" title="Jianwen (era) – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Jianwen (era)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" title="建文 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="建文" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B1%B4%EB%AC%B8" title="건문 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="건문" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="เจี้ยนเหวิน – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เจี้ยนเหวิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" title="建文 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="建文" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%C3%A0n-b%C3%BBn" title="Kiàn-bûn – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kiàn-bûn" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" title="建文 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="建文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q840390#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>此条目页的主題是明朝皇帝朱允炆的年號。关于使用該年號的皇帝，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="建文帝">建文帝</a></b>」。</div> <table class="infobox" style="position:relative; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em; border-collapse: collapse; float:right; clear:right; width:200px;" border="1" cellpadding="5"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="background: #FFCC99;"><div style="text-align:center; font-size:larger"><b>建文</b></div> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center" bgcolor="#FFCC99"><div style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller">1399年－1402年</div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:25%"><b>政权</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>君主</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="建文帝">朱允炆</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>历时</b></td> <td>4年 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFDE"><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_d8uv9xjw0mzprwh5tzsgbsyx4bxx6tc"></map><img usemap="#timeline_d8uv9xjw0mzprwh5tzsgbsyx4bxx6tc" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/zh/timeline/d8uv9xjw0mzprwh5tzsgbsyx4bxx6tc.png" /></div> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <th align="center" bgcolor="#FFFFDE"><div style="text-align:center; font-size:smaller"><span class="skin-invert" style="color:orange;">建文</span>在<span class="skin-invert" style="color:blue;">明朝</span>的位置。</div> </th></tr></tbody></table> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>建文</b>（1399年—1402年）为中國<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a>第二个<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D" title="中国皇帝">皇帝</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="建文帝">朱允炆</a>的年号，共四年。<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96" title="明成祖">明成祖</a>朱棣在<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%96%E9%9A%BE%E4%B9%8B%E5%BD%B9" title="靖难之役">靖难之役</a>成功后不承认建文年号，改建文四年为<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%AD%A6" title="洪武">洪武</a>三十五年。<sup id="cite_ref-明史卷5_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-明史卷5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E7%A5%9E%E5%AE%97" title="明神宗">明神宗</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E5%8E%86" title="万历">万历</a>二十三年（<a href="/wiki/1595%E5%B9%B4" title="1595年">1595年</a>）下詔恢復建文年號。<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>值得注意的是，明成祖一直没有明诏宣布革除建文年号。一些学者认为革除年号不是朱棣的本意，而只是臣下所为。也有人认为明成祖通过重修《太祖实录》和修纂《奉天靖难记》对建文朝历史肆意篡改，实际上相当于革除了建文年号，只是又不愿亲自公开实施而承担历史责任。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="改元"><span id=".E6.94.B9.E5.85.83"></span>改元</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：改元"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1398%E5%B9%B4" title="1398年">洪武三十一年</a>——閏五月初十日，明太祖駕崩；閏五月十六日，明惠宗繼位，有詔明年改元建文。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1402%E5%B9%B4" title="1402年">建文四年</a>——六月十七日，明成祖繼位；六月十八日，有詔以今年為洪武三十五年，明年改元永樂。<sup id="cite_ref-明史卷5_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-明史卷5-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="大事记"><span id=".E5.A4.A7.E4.BA.8B.E8.AE.B0"></span>大事记</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：大事记"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>建文3年五月十三日（日本<a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E6%B0%B8" title="應永">應永</a>8年，1401年） - <a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%B3%E5%88%A9%E7%BE%A9%E6%BB%BF" title="足利義滿">足利義滿</a>派出遣明使。這是走向<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%97%A5%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93" title="明日貿易">明日貿易</a>的第一步。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="重要人物"><span id=".E9.87.8D.E8.A6.81.E4.BA.BA.E7.89.A9"></span>重要人物</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：重要人物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E6%B3%B0" title="齊泰">齊泰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%AD%90%E6%BE%84" title="黃子澄">黃子澄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E5%AD%9D%E5%AD%BA" title="方孝孺">方孝孺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E9%89%89" title="鐵鉉">铁铉</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="纪年对照表"><span id=".E7.BA.AA.E5.B9.B4.E5.AF.B9.E7.85.A7.E8.A1.A8"></span>纪年对照表</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：纪年对照表"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%85%83" class="mw-redirect" title="西元">西元</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E6%94%AF" title="干支">干支</a></th> <th>紀年</th> <th>正月</th> <th>二月</th> <th>三月</th> <th>四月</th> <th>五月</th> <th>六月</th> <th>七月</th> <th>八月</th> <th>九月</th> <th>十月</th> <th>十一月</th> <th>十二月</th> <th>閏月 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1399%E5%B9%B4" title="1399年">1399年</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B1%E5%8D%AF" title="己卯">己卯</a></td> <td>建文元年</td> <td>壬申(大)<br />2/6</td> <td>壬寅(大)<br />3/8</td> <td>壬申(小)<br />4/7</td> <td>辛丑(大)<br />5/6</td> <td>辛未(小)<br />6/5</td> <td>庚子(小)<br />7/4</td> <td>己巳(小)<br />8/2</td> <td>戊戌(大)<br />8/31</td> <td>戊辰(小)<br />9/30</td> <td>丁酉(大)<br />10/29</td> <td>丁卯(大)<br />11/28</td> <td>丁酉(小)<br />12/28</td> <td>— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1400%E5%B9%B4" title="1400年">1400年</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9A%E8%BE%B0" title="庚辰">庚辰</a></td> <td>建文二年</td> <td>丙寅(大)<br />1/26</td> <td>丙申(大)<br />2/25</td> <td>丙寅(大)<br />3/26</td> <td>丙申(小)<br />4/25</td> <td>乙丑(小)<br />5/24</td> <td>甲午(大)<br />6/22</td> <td>甲子(小)<br />7/22</td> <td>癸巳(小)<br />8/20</td> <td>壬戌(大)<br />9/18</td> <td>壬辰(小)<br />10/18</td> <td>辛酉(大)<br />11/16</td> <td>辛卯(大)<br />12/16</td> <td>— </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1401%E5%B9%B4" title="1401年">1401年</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E5%B7%B3" title="辛巳">辛巳</a></td> <td>建文三年</td> <td>辛酉(小)<br />1/15</td> <td>庚寅(大)<br />2/13</td> <td>庚申(小)<br />3/15</td> <td>己未(大)<br />5/13</td> <td>己丑(小)<br />6/12</td> <td>戊午(大)<br />7/11</td> <td>戊子(小)<br />8/10</td> <td>丁巳(大)<br />9/8</td> <td>丁亥(小)<br />10/8</td> <td>丙辰(小)<br />11/6</td> <td>乙酉(大)<br />12/5</td> <td>乙卯(小)<br />1402<br />1/4</td> <td>三庚寅(小)<br />4/14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1402%E5%B9%B4" title="1402年">1402年</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%AC%E5%8D%88" title="壬午">壬午</a></td> <td>建文四年</td> <td>甲申(大)<br />2/2</td> <td>甲寅(大)<br />3/4</td> <td>甲申(小)<br />4/3</td> <td>癸丑(大)<br />5/2</td> <td>癸未(大)<br />6/1</td> <td>癸丑(小)<br />7/1</td> <td>—</td> <td>—</td> <td>—</td> <td>—</td> <td>—</td> <td>—</td> <td>— </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="同期存在的其他政权年号"><span id=".E5.90.8C.E6.9C.9F.E5.AD.98.E5.9C.A8.E7.9A.84.E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96.E6.94.BF.E6.9D.83.E5.B9.B4.E5.8F.B7"></span>同期存在的其他政权年号</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：同期存在的其他政权年号"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>越南 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%B0" title="建新">建新</a>（1398年－1400年）：<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E6%9C%9D_(%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97)" title="陳朝 (越南)">陳朝</a>—<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%B0%91%E5%B8%9D" title="陳少帝">陳少帝</a>之年號</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%85%83" title="聖元">聖元</a>（1400年）：<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%9C%9D" title="胡朝">胡朝</a>—<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%AD%A3%E7%8A%9B" title="胡季犛">胡季犛</a>之年號</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B9%E6%88%90" title="紹成">紹成</a>（1401年－1403年）：胡朝—<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%BC%A2%E8%92%BC" title="胡漢蒼">胡汉苍</a>之年號</li></ul></li> <li>日本 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E6%B0%B8" title="應永">應永</a>（1394年－1428年）：<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E5%B0%8F%E6%9D%BE%E5%A4%A9%E7%9A%87" title="後小松天皇">后小松天皇</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%B1%E5%85%89%E5%A4%A9%E7%9A%87" title="稱光天皇">称光天皇</a>之年號</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-明史卷5-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-明史卷5_1-0"><sup><b>1.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-明史卷5_1-1"><sup><b>1.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">張廷玉. <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="链接至维基文库" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B75" class="extiw" title="s:zh:明史/卷5">成祖</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%5B%5BFile%3AWikisource-logo.svg%7C12px%7Clink%3D%7Calt%3D%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E8%87%B3%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%7C%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%5D%5D%26nbsp%3B%5B%5Bs%3Azh%3A%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2%2F%E5%8D%B75%7C-%7BR%7C%E6%88%90%E7%A5%96%7D-%5D%5D&rft.jtitle=%5B%5B%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%5D%5D&rft.aulast=%E5%BC%B5%E5%BB%B7%E7%8E%89&rft.au=%E5%BC%B5%E5%BB%B7%E7%8E%89&rfr_id=info:sid/zh.wikipedia.org:%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>「〔建文四年〕己巳，王謁孝陵。群臣備法駕，奉寶璽，迎呼萬歲。王升輦，詣奉天殿即皇帝位。……秋七月壬午朔，大祀天地於南郊，奉太祖配。詔：『今年以洪武三十五年為紀，明年為永樂元年。……』」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《明史》卷20。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">潘忠泉,李怡. 建文朝年号革除考述. 北方论丛. 2006, (3): 82–85.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&rft.atitle=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7%E9%9D%A9%E9%99%A4%E8%80%83%E8%BF%B0&rft.au=%E6%BD%98%E5%BF%A0%E6%B3%89%2C%E6%9D%8E%E6%80%A1&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=3&rft.jtitle=%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E8%AE%BA%E4%B8%9B&rft.pages=82-85&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book">張廷玉. <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="链接至维基文库" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B74" class="extiw" title="s:zh:明史/卷4">惠帝</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%5B%5BFile%3AWikisource-logo.svg%7C12px%7Clink%3D%7Calt%3D%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E8%87%B3%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%7C%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%5D%5D%26nbsp%3B%5B%5Bs%3Azh%3A%E6%98%8E%E5%8F%B2%2F%E5%8D%B74%7C-%7BR%7C%E6%83%A0%E5%B8%9D%7D-%5D%5D&rft.jtitle=%5B%5B%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%5D%5D&rft.aulast=%E5%BC%B5%E5%BB%B7%E7%8E%89&rft.au=%E5%BC%B5%E5%BB%B7%E7%8E%89&rfr_id=info:sid/zh.wikipedia.org:%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>「〔洪武〕三十一年閏五月，太祖崩。辛卯，即皇帝位。大赦天下，<b>以明年為建文元年</b>。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="链接至维基文库" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97%E6%96%87%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%E5%AF%A6%E9%8C%84/%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%80" class="extiw" title="s:大明太宗文皇帝實錄/卷一">大明太宗文皇帝實錄</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%5B%5BFile%3AWikisource-logo.svg%7C12px%7Clink%3D%7Calt%3D%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E8%87%B3%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%7C%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%5D%5D%26nbsp%3B%5B%5Bs%3A%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97%E6%96%87%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%E5%AF%A6%E9%8C%84%2F%E5%8D%B7%E4%B8%80%7C-%7BR%7C%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97%E6%96%87%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%E5%AF%A6%E9%8C%84%7D-%5D%5D&rft.jtitle=%5B%5B%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%5D%5D&rfr_id=info:sid/zh.wikipedia.org:%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>「〔洪武三十一年閏五月〕乙酉，太祖崩，是夜即斂，七日而葬，皇太孫遂矯詔嗣位，<b>改明年為建文元年</b>。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="链接至维基文库" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> <a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97%E6%96%87%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%E5%AF%A6%E9%8C%84/%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%8B" class="extiw" title="s:大明太宗文皇帝實錄/卷九下">大明太宗文皇帝實錄</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93" title="维基文库">维基文库</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%5B%5BFile%3AWikisource-logo.svg%7C12px%7Clink%3D%7Calt%3D%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E8%87%B3%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%7C%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%5D%5D%26nbsp%3B%5B%5Bs%3A%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97%E6%96%87%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%E5%AF%A6%E9%8C%84%2F%E5%8D%B7%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%8B%7C-%7BR%7C%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%97%E6%96%87%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D%E5%AF%A6%E9%8C%84%7D-%5D%5D&rft.jtitle=%5B%5B%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%96%87%E5%BA%93%5D%5D&rfr_id=info:sid/zh.wikipedia.org:%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span>「洪武三十五年夏六月庚午，命五府六部，一應建文中所改易洪武政令格條，悉復舊制，遂仍以洪武紀年，今年稱洪武三十五年。」</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸閱讀"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.96.B1.E8.AE.80"></span>延伸閱讀</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：延伸閱讀"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">李崇智. 中國歷代年號考. 北京: 中華書局. 2004年12月. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/7101025129" title="Special:网络书源/7101025129"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 7101025129</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&rft.au=%E6%9D%8E%E5%B4%87%E6%99%BA&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E4%BB%A3%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F%E8%80%83&rft.date=2004-12&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=7101025129&rft.place=%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%9B%B8%E5%B1%80&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">鄧洪波. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070825002742/http://www.eastasia.ntu.edu.tw/chinese/05_a04.htm">東亞歷史年表</a>. 臺北: 國立臺灣大學東亞經典與文化研究計劃. 2005年3月 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2021-11-06</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9789860005189" title="Special:网络书源/9789860005189"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9789860005189</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eastasia.ntu.edu.tw/chinese/05_a04.htm">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2007-08-25）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&rft.au=%E9%84%A7%E6%B4%AA%E6%B3%A2&rft.btitle=%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8&rft.date=2005-03&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9789860005189&rft.place=%E8%87%BA%E5%8C%97&rft.pub=%E5%9C%8B%E7%AB%8B%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%93%E5%85%B8%E8%88%87%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eastasia.ntu.edu.tw%2Fchinese%2F05_a04.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參看"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E7.9C.8B"></span>參看</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：參看"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中国年号列表">中国年号列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="明朝年號列表">明朝年號列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E6%96%87_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-disambig" title="建文 (消歧義)">建文 (消歧義)</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="width: auto; margin: 0.5em auto; font-size:95%; clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="white-space:nowrap;"> <td width="30%" align="center">前一年號：<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%AD%A6" title="洪武">洪武</a></b> </td> <td width="40%" align="center"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中国年号列表">明朝年号</a><br />1399年－1402年 </td> <td width="30%" align="center">下一年號：<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%AD%A6" title="洪武">洪武</a></b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="明朝年号" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist hlist-pipe mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:明朝年号"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template talk:明朝年号"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:明朝年号"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="明朝年号" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="明朝年號列表">明朝年号</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D" title="明朝">明朝</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%AD%A6" title="洪武">洪武</a><small>1368-1398</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a class="mw-selflink selflink">建文</a><small>1399-1402</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E6%AD%A6" title="洪武">洪武</a><small>1402</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%90" title="永乐">永乐</a><small>1403-1424</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E7%86%99" title="洪熙">洪熙</a><small>1425</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A3%E5%BE%B7" title="宣德">宣德</a><small>1426-1435</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E7%BB%9F_(%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7)" title="正统 (年号)">正统</a><small>1436-1449</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E6%B3%B0" title="景泰">景泰</a><small>1450-1457</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%A1%BA_(%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" title="天顺 (明朝)">天顺</a><small>1457-1464</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%8C%96" title="成化">成化</a><small>1465-1487</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E6%B2%BB" title="弘治">弘治</a><small>1488-1505</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%BE%B7" title="正德">正德</a><small>1506-1521</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E9%9D%96" title="嘉靖">嘉靖</a><small>1522-1566</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%86%E5%BA%86" title="隆庆">隆庆</a><small>1567-1572</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E5%8E%86" title="万历">万历</a><small>1573-1620</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E6%98%8C" title="泰昌">泰昌</a><small>1620</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%90%AF" title="天启">天启</a><small>1621-1627</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%87%E7%A5%AF" title="崇祯">崇祯</a><small>1628-1644</small></span> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="南明" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%98%8E" title="南明">南明</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E5%85%89" title="弘光">弘光</a><small>1645</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%86%E6%AD%A6" title="隆武">隆武</a><small>1645-1646</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%9B%86" title="永曆">永曆</a><small>1647-1661</small></span> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他年号</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%88%E6%A5%AD_(%E6%9C%B1%E4%BA%A8%E5%98%89)" title="興業 (朱亨嘉)">兴业</a><small>1645</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E6%AD%A6" title="定武">定武</a><small>（存疑）1646-1663</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8D%E6%AD%A6" title="绍武">绍武</a><small>（預定1647）</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%AD%A6_(%E6%9C%B1%E5%B8%B8%E6%B8%85)" title="東武 (朱常清)">东武</a><small>1648</small></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%8E%E9%84%AD" title="明鄭">明鄭</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><span style="display:inline; border:1px solid var(--color-base,#202122); min-height:1em; padding: 1px 1px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%9B%86" title="永曆">永曆</a><small>1655-1683</small></span><sup>（南明）</sup></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">起事年号</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%AE%9A_(%E5%BD%AD%E7%8E%89%E7%90%B3)" title="天定 (彭玉琳)">天定</a><small>1386</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%99%E5%87%A4_(%E7%94%B0%E4%B9%9D%E6%88%90)" title="龙凤 (田九成)">龙凤</a><small>1397</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%AF%A7_(%E8%8C%83%E7%8E%89)" title="永寧 (范玉)">永寧</a><small>1419-1420</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%A4%A9" title="永天">永天</a><small>1420</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%A7%E5%AE%89" title="湧安">湧安</a><small>1430</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%AE%9A_(%E9%99%B3%E9%91%91%E8%83%A1)" title="泰定 (陳鑑胡)">泰定</a><small>1448-1449</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E9%98%B3_(%E9%BB%84%E8%90%A7%E5%85%BB)" title="东阳 (黄萧养)">东阳</a><small>1449-1450</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%84%E6%AD%A6_(%E6%9C%B1%E5%BE%BD%E7%85%A0)" title="玄武 (朱徽煠)">玄武</a><small>1451</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%A1%BA_(%E6%9D%8E%E7%8F%8D)" title="天顺 (李珍)">天顺</a><small>1456</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%BB%A3" title="天绣">天绣</a><small>1457</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E7%83%88" title="武烈">武烈</a><small>1460</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E8%83%9C" title="德胜">德胜</a><small>1465-1466</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%BA%E5%BE%B7_(%E6%9C%B1%E5%AE%B8%E6%BF%A0)" title="顺德 (朱宸濠)">顺德</a><small>1519</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A0%86%E5%B9%B3%E5%AE%9A" title="大順平定">大順平定</a><small>？</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%A9%E6%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大中天武（页面不存在）">大中天武</a><small>1525</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%AE%9D_(%E8%94%A1%E4%BC%AF%E8%B4%AF)" title="大宝 (蔡伯贯)">大宝</a><small>1565-1566</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E9%96%8F" title="弘閏">弘閏</a><small>1582</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%98%E6%AD%A6" title="弘武">弘武</a><small>1619</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%9C%9F%E6%B7%B7" title="天真混">天真混</a><small>1619</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E5%BA%94" title="瑞应">瑞应</a><small>1621-1629</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%83_(%E5%8A%89%E6%87%89%E9%81%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中元 (劉應選)（页面不存在）">中元</a><small>1621</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%90%E8%88%88%E5%8B%9D" title="大成興勝">大成興勝</a><small>1622</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E7%B5%B1" title="一統">一統</a><small>（預定1622）</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%84%E9%9D%99" title="玄静">玄静</a><small>1622</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%BF%E5%BE%B7" title="懿德">懿德</a><small>1624</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%AC%E5%92%8C_(%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F%E6%B5%B7%E5%AF%87)" class="mw-redirect" title="寬和 (浙江海寇)">寬和</a><small>？</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%85%B4_(%E5%BC%A0%E6%83%9F%E5%85%83)" title="永兴 (张惟元)">永兴</a><small>1628</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%88%E5%AF%B6_(%E6%9D%8E%E7%9B%9B%E6%98%8E)" title="靈寶 (李盛明)">靈寶</a><small>1629</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E6%AD%A6" title="兴武">兴武</a><small>1635-1636</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%81%8B_(%E5%BC%B5%E6%99%AE%E8%96%87)" title="天運 (張普薇)">天运</a><small>1637</small> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%87" title="大昇">大昇</a><small>1645</small></span> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A0%86_(%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A)" title="大順 (政權)">大顺</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%98%8C_(%E6%9D%8E%E8%87%AA%E6%88%90)" title="永昌 (李自成)">永昌</a><small>1644-1664</small></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF" title="大西">大西</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%A1%BA_(%E5%BC%A0%E7%8C%AE%E5%BF%A0)" title="大顺 (张献忠)">大顺</a><small>1644-1647</small></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%A1%9B%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9" title="四衛拉特">瓦剌</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%BB%E5%85%83" title="添元">添元</a><small>1453-1454</small></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>※注1：<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E4%BB%A5%E6%B5%B7" title="朱以海">朱以海</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%91%E5%9B%BD%E9%B2%81" title="监国鲁">监国鲁紀年</a>非年號。 <hr /> <p><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BC%A2%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F" title="Template:漢朝年號">汉朝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F" title="Template:三國年號">三國</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%99%89%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F" title="Template:晉十六國年號">晉十六國</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:南北朝年号">南北朝</a>（<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%AB%98%E6%98%8C%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:高昌年号">高昌</a>）</span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9A%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:隋朝年号">隋朝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:唐朝年号">唐朝</a>（<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B8%A4%E6%B5%B7%E5%9B%BD%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:渤海国年号">渤海</a> ~</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%8F%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:南诏年号">南诏</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%A7%E7%90%86%E5%9B%BD%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:大理国年号">大理</a>）</span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8D%81%E5%9B%BD%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:五代十国年号">五代十国</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:宋朝年号">宋朝</a> ~</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%BE%BD%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:辽朝年号">辽朝</a> ~</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%87%91%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:金朝年号">金朝</a>（<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:西夏年号">西夏</a>）</span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:元朝年号">元朝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:明朝年号">明朝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7" title="Template:清朝年号">清朝</a> |</span> <span class="nowrap">（<a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A5%E5%BE%8C%E5%B9%B4%E8%99%9F" title="Template:辛亥革命以後年號">後帝制時期紀年</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E7%B4%80%E5%B9%B4" title="民國紀年">民國</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%85%83" title="公元">公元</a>）</span> </p> <hr /> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="中国年号列表">列表</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a 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