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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">cuddio</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Y dechrau</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Y_dosbarthiad_modern" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Y_dosbarthiad_modern"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Y dosbarthiad modern</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Y_dosbarthiad_modern-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toglo is-adran Y dosbarthiad modern</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Y_dosbarthiad_modern-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tri_theyrnas_bywyd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tri_theyrnas_bywyd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Tri theyrnas bywyd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tri_theyrnas_bywyd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teyrnas_yr_Eukaryota" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teyrnas_yr_Eukaryota"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Teyrnas yr Eukaryota</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Teyrnas_yr_Eukaryota-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hanes_dosbarthu_teynasoedd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hanes_dosbarthu_teynasoedd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Hanes dosbarthu teynasoedd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hanes_dosbarthu_teynasoedd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cyfeiriadau" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cyfeiriadau"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Cyfeiriadau</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cyfeiriadau-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cynnwys" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Tabl Cynnwys" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toglo'r tabl cynnwys" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toglo'r tabl cynnwys</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Teyrnas (bioleg)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ewch i erthygl mewn iaith arall. Ar gael mewn 119 iaith" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-119" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">119 iaith</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninkryk_(biologie)" title="Koninkryk (biologie) - Affricaneg" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koninkryk (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Affricaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_(bioloch%C3%ADa)" title="Reino (biolochía) - Aragoneg" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Reino (biolochía)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_(%D8%AA%D8%B5%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%81)" title="مملكة (تصنيف) - Arabeg" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مملكة (تصنيف)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_(%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="مملكة (بيولوجيا) - Arabeg Moroco" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="مملكة (بيولوجيا)" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arabeg Moroco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_(%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8)" title="ৰাজ্য (জীৱবিজ্ঞান) - Asameg" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰাজ্য (জীৱবিজ্ঞান)" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Asameg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinu_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Reinu (bioloxía) - Astwrianeg" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Reinu (bioloxía)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Astwrianeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_(%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C)" title="عالم (بیولوژی) - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عالم (بیولوژی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Батшалыҡ (биология) - Bashcorteg" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Батшалыҡ (биология)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashcorteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reich_(Biologie)" title="Reich (Biologie) - Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Reich (Biologie)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kahadean_(biyolohiya)" title="Kahadean (biyolohiya) - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kahadean (biyolohiya)" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Царства (біялогія) - Belarwseg" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Царства (біялогія)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Царства (біялёгія) - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Царства (біялёгія)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_(%C3%A8lmu_hayat)" title="Kerajaan (èlmu hayat) - Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kerajaan (èlmu hayat)" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4_(%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8)" title="जगत (जीव बिज्ञान) - Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जगत (जीव बिज्ञान)" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80_(%E1%80%87%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9D%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92)" title="လောက (ဇီဝဗေဒ) - Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="လောက (ဇီဝဗေဒ)" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8E_(%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE)" title="জগৎ (জীববিদ্যা) - Bengaleg" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জগৎ (জীববিদ্যা)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riezad" title="Riezad - Llydaweg" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Riezad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Llydaweg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carstvo_(biologija)" title="Carstvo (biologija) - Bosnieg" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Carstvo (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regne_(biologia)" title="Regne (biologia) - Catalaneg" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Regne (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%98%C3%AD%C5%A1e_(biologie)" title="Říše (biologie) - Tsieceg" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Říše (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsieceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8)" title="Патшалăх (биологи) - Tshwfasheg" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Патшалăх (биологи)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tshwfasheg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rige_(biologi)" title="Rige (biologi) - Daneg" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rige (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reich_(Biologie)" title="Reich (Biologie) - Almaeneg" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Reich (Biologie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Almaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF_(%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Βασίλειο (βιολογία) - Groeg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βασίλειο (βιολογία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Groeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_(biology)" title="Kingdom (biology) - Saesneg" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kingdom (biology)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Saesneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_(biologio)" title="Regno (biologio) - Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Regno (biologio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_(biolog%C3%ADa)" title="Reino (biología) - Sbaeneg" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Reino (biología)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sbaeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riik_(bioloogia)" title="Riik (bioloogia) - Estoneg" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Riik (bioloogia)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estoneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erreinu_(biologia)" title="Erreinu (biologia) - Basgeg" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erreinu (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9inu_(biologia)" title="Réinu (biologia) - Extremadureg" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Réinu (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremadureg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%88" title="فرمانرو - Perseg" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرمانرو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunta_(biologia)" title="Kunta (biologia) - Ffinneg" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kunta (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Ffinneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8gne_(biologie)" title="Règne (biologie) - Ffrangeg" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Règne (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Ffrangeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryk_(taksonomy)" title="Ryk (taksonomy) - Ffriseg y Gorllewin" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ryk (taksonomy)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Ffriseg y Gorllewin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADocht_(bitheola%C3%ADocht)" title="Ríocht (bitheolaíocht) - Gwyddeleg" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ríocht (bitheolaíocht)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Gwyddeleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_(biolox%C3%ADa)" title="Reino (bioloxía) - Galisieg" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Reino (bioloxía)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tavet%C3%A3_(tekovekuaaty)" title="Tavetã (tekovekuaaty) - Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tavetã (tekovekuaaty)" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reeriaght_(bea-oaylleeaght)" title="Reeriaght (bea-oaylleeaght) - Manaweg" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Reeriaght (bea-oaylleeaght)" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manaweg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%94_(%D7%98%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94)" title="ממלכה (טקסונומיה) - Hebraeg" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ממלכה (טקסונומיה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebraeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A4_(%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8)" title="जगत (जीवविज्ञान) - Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जगत (जीवविज्ञान)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carstvo_(taksonomija)" title="Carstvo (taksonomija) - Croateg" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Carstvo (taksonomija)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sw%C4%9Bt_(biologija)" title="Swět (biologija) - Sorbeg Uchaf" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Swět (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Sorbeg Uchaf" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8y_(biyoloji)" title="Rèy (biyoloji) - Creol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Rèy (biyoloji)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Creol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orsz%C3%A1g_(rendszertan)" title="Ország (rendszertan) - Hwngareg" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ország (rendszertan)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hwngareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6_(%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6)" title="Թագավորություն (կենսաբանություն) - Armeneg" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թագավորություն (կենսաբանություն)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_(rango_taxonomic)" title="Regno (rango taxonomic) - Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Regno (rango taxonomic)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerajaan_(biologi)" title="Kerajaan (biologi) - Indoneseg" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kerajaan (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagarian_(biolohia)" title="Pagarian (biolohia) - Ilocaneg" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagarian (biolohia)" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Ilocaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="erthygl dda"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADki_(flokkunarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Ríki (flokkunarfræði) - Islandeg" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ríki (flokkunarfræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_(biologia)" title="Regno (biologia) - Eidaleg" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Regno (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Eidaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%8C_(%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%A6)" title="界 (分類学) - Japaneeg" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="界 (分類学)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japaneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krajan_(biologi)" title="Krajan (biologi) - Jafanaeg" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Krajan (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jafanaeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagelda_(tasnudert)" title="Tagelda (tasnudert) - Cabileg" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tagelda (tasnudert)" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Cabileg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%84_(%EC%83%9D%EB%AC%BC%ED%95%99)" title="계 (생물학) - Coreeg" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="계 (생물학)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Coreeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%84%D8%B1%D9%B2%D8%B2%D8%A0" title="سۄرٲزؠ - Cashmireg" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="سۄرٲزؠ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Cashmireg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnum_(taxinomia)" title="Regnum (taxinomia) - Lladin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Regnum (taxinomia)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Lladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A4ich_(Biologie)" title="Räich (Biologie) - Lwcsembwrgeg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Räich (Biologie)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Lwcsembwrgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rena_(biolojia)" title="Rena (biolojia) - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Rena (biolojia)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riek_(taxonomie)" title="Riek (taxonomie) - Limbwrgeg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Riek (taxonomie)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limbwrgeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karalyst%C4%97_(biologija)" title="Karalystė (biologija) - Lithwaneg" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Karalystė (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithwaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valsts_(biolo%C4%A3ija)" title="Valsts (bioloģija) - Latfieg" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Valsts (bioloģija)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latfieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%88_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9)" title="Кугыжаныш (биологий) - Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кугыжаныш (биологий)" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%82" title="കിങ്ഡം - Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കിങ്ഡം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_(%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0)" title="साम्राज्य (जीवशास्त्र) - Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साम्राज्य (जीवशास्त्र)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alam_(biologi)" title="Alam (biologi) - Maleieg" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Alam (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renju_(bijolo%C4%A1ija)" title="Renju (bijoloġija) - Malteg" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Renju (bijoloġija)" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80_(%E1%80%87%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9D%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92)" title="လောက (ဇီဝဗေဒ) - Byrmaneg" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လောက (ဇီဝဗေဒ)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Byrmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_(biologgia)" title="Regno (biologgia) - Naplieg" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Regno (biologgia)" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Naplieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rijk_(biologie)" title="Rijk (biologie) - Iseldireg" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rijk (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Iseldireg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologisk_rike" title="Biologisk rike - Norwyeg Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Biologisk rike" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rike_(biologi)" title="Rike (biologi) - Norwyeg Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rike (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwyeg Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8gne_(biologia)" title="Règne (biologia) - Ocsitaneg" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Règne (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ocsitaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F_(%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%80%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9E%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8)" title="ସାମ୍ରାଜ୍ୟ (ଜୀବବିଜ୍ଞାନ) - Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସାମ୍ରାଜ୍ୟ (ଜୀବବିଜ୍ଞାନ)" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B4_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8)" title="Паддзахад (биологи) - Oseteg" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Паддзахад (биологи)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Oseteg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A4_(%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B5-%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8)" title="ਜਗਤ (ਜੀਵ-ਵਿਗਿਆਨ) - Pwnjabeg" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਗਤ (ਜੀਵ-ਵਿਗਿਆਨ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pwnjabeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaarian_(biolohia)" title="Kaarian (biolohia) - Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kaarian (biolohia)" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_(biologia)" title="Reino (biologia) - Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Reino (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C3%B3lestwo_(biologia)" title="Królestwo (biologia) - Pwyleg" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Królestwo (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pwyleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3_(%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D9%BE%DA%91%DA%BE%D8%AA)" title="دیس (جیون پڑھت) - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دیس (جیون پڑھت)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_(biologia)" title="Reino (biologia) - Portiwgaleg" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Reino (biologia)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portiwgaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rikch%27aq_suyu" title="Rikch'aq suyu - Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rikch'aq suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regn" title="Regn - Rwmaneg" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Regn" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rwmaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Царство (биология) - Rwseg" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Царство (биология)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rwseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%91%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Царьство (біолоґія) - Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Царьство (біолоґія)" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Саарыстыба (биология) - Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Саарыстыба (биология)" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnu_(biolugg%C3%ACa)" title="Regnu (bioluggìa) - Sisileg" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Regnu (bioluggìa)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisileg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carstvo_(taksonomija)" title="Carstvo (taksonomija) - Serbo-Croateg" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Carstvo (taksonomija)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croateg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tasnsartut_(Tasartut_tussnant)" title="Tasnsartut (Tasartut tussnant) - Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tasnsartut (Tasartut tussnant)" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA_(%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%80_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80)" title="රාජධානිය (ජීව විද්‍යාව) - Sinhaleg" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රාජධානිය (ජීව විද්‍යාව)" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_(biology)" title="Kingdom (biology) - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Kingdom (biology)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%AD%C5%A1a_(taxon%C3%B3mia)" title="Ríša (taxonómia) - Slofaceg" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ríša (taxonómia)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slofaceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kraljestvo_(biologija)" title="Kraljestvo (biologija) - Slofeneg" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kraljestvo (biologija)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slofeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boqortooyo_(biyoloji)" title="Boqortooyo (biyoloji) - Somaleg" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Boqortooyo (biyoloji)" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somaleg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mbret%C3%ABria_(biologji)" title="Mbretëria (biologji) - Albaneg" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mbretëria (biologji)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0)" title="Царство (биологија) - Serbeg" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Царство (биологија)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rike_(biologi)" title="Rike (biologi) - Swedeg" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rike (biologi)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himaya_(biolojia)" title="Himaya (biolojia) - Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Himaya (biolojia)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C5%8Dlestwo_(biologij%C5%8F)" title="Krōlestwo (biologijŏ) - Silesieg" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Krōlestwo (biologijŏ)" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88_(%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D)" title="திணை (உயிரியல்) - Tamileg" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="திணை (உயிரியல்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamileg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0_(%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D3%A3)" title="Силсила (зистшиносӣ) - Tajiceg" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Силсила (зистшиносӣ)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajiceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3_(%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2)" title="อาณาจักร (ชีววิทยา) - Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อาณาจักร (ชีววิทยา)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ealyk_(biologi%C3%BDa)" title="Şalyk (biologiýa) - Tyrcmeneg" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Şalyk (biologiýa)" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Tyrcmeneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaharian_(biyolohiya)" title="Kaharian (biyolohiya) - Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Kaharian (biyolohiya)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82lem_(biyoloji)" title="Âlem (biyoloji) - Tyrceg" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Âlem (biyoloji)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tyrceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BA_(%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Патшалык (биология) - Tatareg" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Патшалык (биология)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatareg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_(%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Царство (біологія) - Wcreineg" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Царство (біологія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Wcreineg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA_(%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="مملکت (حیاتیات) - Wrdw" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مملکت (حیاتیات)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Wrdw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunyo_(biologiya)" title="Dunyo (biologiya) - Wsbeceg" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Dunyo (biologiya)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Wsbeceg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_(tasonomia)" title="Regno (tasonomia) - Feniseg" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Regno (tasonomia)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Feniseg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%E1%BB%9Bi_(sinh_h%E1%BB%8Dc)" title="Giới (sinh học) - Fietnameg" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giới (sinh học)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Fietnameg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryk_(biologie)" title="Ryk (biologie) - Fflemeg Gorllewinol" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Ryk (biologie)" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="Fflemeg Gorllewinol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringne_(biyolodjeye)" title="Ringne (biyolodjeye) - Walwneg" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Ringne (biyolodjeye)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walwneg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnum_(biyolohiya)" title="Regnum (biyolohiya) - Winarayeg" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Regnum (biyolohiya)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Winarayeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%8C%EF%BC%88%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%EF%BC%89" title="界（生物） - Wu Tsieineaidd" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="界（生物）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tsieineaidd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riek_(biologie)" title="Riek (biologie) - Zêlandeg" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Riek (biologie)" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zêlandeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%8C_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9)" title="界 (生物) - Tsieinëeg" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="界 (生物)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tsieinëeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A0i_(hun-l%C5%ABi-ha%CC%8Dk)" title="Kài (hun-lūi-ha̍k) - Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kài (hun-lūi-ha̍k)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%8C" title="界 - Cantoneeg" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="界" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantoneeg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbuso_(kumchazampilo)" title="Umbuso (kumchazampilo) - Swlw" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umbuso (kumchazampilo)" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Swlw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q36732#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Golygu dolenni rhyngwici" class="wbc-editpage">Golygu dolenni</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Parthau"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Teyrnas_(bioleg)" title="Gweld y dudalen bwnc [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Erthygl</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sgwrs:Teyrnas_(bioleg)&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Sgwrsio am y dudalen (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Sgwrs</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Newid amrywiad iaith" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Cymraeg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Golygon"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Teyrnas_(bioleg)"><span>Darllen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&veaction=edit" title="Golygu'r dudalen hon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Golygu</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&action=edit" title="Golygu cod ffynhonnell y dudalen hon [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Golygu cod</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&action=history" title="Fersiynau cynt o'r dudalen hon. 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dosbarthiad biolegol"><img alt="Lefelau dosbarthiad biolegol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/cy/thumb/4/45/Dosbarthiad_biolegol.svg/150px-Dosbarthiad_biolegol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="385" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/cy/thumb/4/45/Dosbarthiad_biolegol.svg/225px-Dosbarthiad_biolegol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/cy/thumb/4/45/Dosbarthiad_biolegol.svg/300px-Dosbarthiad_biolegol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="590" usemap="#ImageMap_299be8264ae1467f" /></a><map name="ImageMap_299be8264ae1467f"><area href="/wiki/Rhywogaeth" shape="rect" coords="65,18,147,44" alt="Rhywogaeth" title="Rhywogaeth" /><area href="/wiki/Genws" shape="rect" coords="65,59,147,86" alt="Genws" title="Genws" /><area href="/wiki/Teulu_(bioleg)" shape="rect" coords="65,100,147,128" alt="Teulu" title="Teulu" /><area href="/wiki/Urdd_(bioleg)" shape="rect" coords="65,142,147,169" alt="Urdd" title="Urdd" /><area href="/wiki/Dosbarth_(bioleg)" shape="rect" coords="65,183,147,210" alt="Dosbarth" title="Dosbarth" /><area href="/wiki/Ffylwm" shape="rect" coords="65,224,147,252" alt="Ffylwm" title="Ffylwm" /><area href="/wiki/Teyrnas_(bioleg)" shape="rect" coords="65,266,147,293" alt="Teyrnas" title="Teyrnas" /><area href="/wiki/Parth_(bioleg)" shape="rect" coords="65,307,147,335" alt="Parth" title="Parth" /><area href="/wiki/Bywyd" shape="rect" coords="65,348,147,376" alt="Bywyd" title="Bywyd" /></map><figcaption>Lefelau dosbarthiad biolegol</figcaption></figure> <hr /> <div class="thumbcaption"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Dosbarthiad_biolegol.svg" title="Helaethu"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6b/Magnify-clip.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="11" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>Y prif rengoedd mewn <a href="/wiki/Dosbarthiad_gwyddonol" title="Dosbarthiad gwyddonol">dosbarthiad biolegol</a>.</div></div></div> <p>Gradd <a href="/wiki/Tacson" title="Tacson">dacsonomaidd</a> yw <b>teyrnas</b> (lluosog: <i>teyrnasoedd</i>; <a href="/wiki/Lladin" title="Lladin">Lladin</a>: <i>regnum</i>) – y radd uchaf-ond-un – a ddefnyddir i <a href="/wiki/Dosbarthiad_gwyddonol" title="Dosbarthiad gwyddonol">ddosbarthu'n wyddonol</a> <a href="/wiki/Organebau_byw" class="mw-redirect" title="Organebau byw">organebau byw</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anifail" title="Anifail">anifeiliaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Planhigyn" title="Planhigyn">planhigion</a> ayb). Mae'r gair hefyd yn cael ei ddefnyddio o fewn <a href="/wiki/Bywydeg" title="Bywydeg">bywydeg</a> ar gyfer ffosiliau ac organebau <a href="/wiki/Difodiant" title="Difodiant">a ddifodwyd</a>. Mae'n cael ei leoli yn uwch na <a href="/wiki/Ffylwm" title="Ffylwm">ffylau</a> ac yn is na <a href="/wiki/Parth_(bioleg)" title="Parth (bioleg)">pharth</a>. </p><p>Yn yr <a href="/wiki/Yr_Oesoedd_Canol" title="Yr Oesoedd Canol">Yr Oesoedd Canol</a> disgrifiwyd rhywogaethau gwahanol o fewn <a href="/wiki/Genws" title="Genws">genws</a> gyda rhestr hir o dermau <a href="/wiki/Lladin" title="Lladin">Lladin</a>. Nid tan y <a href="/wiki/18fed_ganrif" title="18fed ganrif">18fed ganrif</a> y cyflwynodd <a href="/wiki/Carolus_Linnaeus" title="Carolus Linnaeus">Carolus Linnaeus</a> (1707–1778) y system sy’n parhau mewn defnydd heddiw, lle defnyddir dim ond dau air, un am y genws ac un am y rhywogaeth. Yr enw am y system hon yw'r system ddeuenwol. Yn <i>Systema Naturae</i> Carolus Linnaeus (<a href="/wiki/1735" title="1735">1735</a>), rhennir pethau byw yn ddwy deyrnas: <a href="/wiki/Animalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Animalia">Animalia</a> a <a href="/wiki/Planhigion" class="mw-redirect" title="Planhigion">Vegetabilia</a>. Ers hynny, datblygodd gwayddoniaeth a thechnoleg ac mae llawer wedi ei ganfod ynglŷn ag organebau ungellog, ymysg pethau eraill, felly roedd angen system mwy cynnil.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yn y <a href="/wiki/1960au" title="1960au">1960au</a> cyflwynwyd y gair <i>rank</i> (gradd) a newidiwyd yn ei dro i <i>domain</i> (parth). </p><p>Un system o'r fath yw'r system 6-teyrnas a ddefnyddir yn <a href="/wiki/UDA" class="mw-redirect" title="UDA">UDA</a>, lle rhennir organebau yn <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protista" class="mw-redirect" title="Protista">Protista</a> (protistiaid neu brotosoaid), <a href="/wiki/Fungi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fungi">Fungi</a> (ffwng), <a href="/wiki/Plantae" class="mw-redirect" title="Plantae">Plantae</a> (planhigion) ac <a href="/wiki/Animalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Animalia">Animalia</a> (neu anifeiliaid). Yng ngwledydd Prydain, India, Awstralia ac <a href="/wiki/America_Ladin" title="America Ladin">America Ladin</a>, fodd bynnag, defnyddir 5-teyrnas, sef: <a href="/wiki/Anifail" title="Anifail">Anifeiliaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Planhigion" class="mw-redirect" title="Planhigion">Planhigion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ffwng" title="Ffwng">Ffwng</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protista" class="mw-redirect" title="Protista">Protista</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monera (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Monera</a>. Mae rhai dulliau o ddosbarthu bywyd yn hepgor y term "Teyrnas", gan nodi nad yw'r teyrnasoedd traddodiadol yn perthyn i un hynafiad cyffredin. </p><p>Gellir ychwanegu rhagddodiaid megis "isdeyrnas", "uwchdeyrnas" neu "infradeyrnas". </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Y_dosbarthiad_modern">Y dosbarthiad modern</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Golygu'r adran: Y dosbarthiad modern" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Y dosbarthiad modern"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tri_theyrnas_bywyd">Tri theyrnas bywyd</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Golygu'r adran: Tri theyrnas bywyd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Tri theyrnas bywyd"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yn hytrach na dosbarthu gyda'r llygad (siap a ffurf), ers y <a href="/wiki/1970au" title="1970au">1970au</a> tueddir i ddosbarthu ar lefel <a href="/wiki/Moleciwl" title="Moleciwl">foleciwlar</a>, yn ôl tebygolrwydd o fewn y <a href="/wiki/Genyn" title="Genyn">genynnau</a>. </p><p>Sefydlwyd dosbarthiad Carl Woese ar ei astudiaeth o <a href="/wiki/RNA" title="RNA">RNA</a> gan rannu bywyd yn dri chategori (a alwodd "y tri prif deyrnas" neu fodel "urkingdom". Bathwyd "parth" yn 1990, ar gyfer yr haen uchaf. Rhannodd Carl Woese y <a href="/w/index.php?title=Procaryotau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Procaryotau (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">procaryotau</a> yn ddau grŵp: <a href="/wiki/Eubacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Eubacteria">Eubacteria</a> ac <a href="/wiki/Archaebacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaebacteria">Archaebacteria</a> (neu "Archaea"), gan bwysleisio cymaint o wahaniaeth rhwng y ddddau grŵp hyn ag oedd rhwng pob un ohonynt, a'r <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ewcaryotau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ewcaryotau (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">ewcaryotau</a>. Mynnodd fod planhigion, ffwng ac anifeiliaid yn perthyn yn nes at ei gilydd (er eu bod yn edrych yn goblyn o wahanol i'w gilydd) nag oeddent i ewbacteria neu archaea.<sup id="cite_ref-DagenEtAl2010_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DagenEtAl2010-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mae ymchwil gwyddonol dro ar ôl tro wedi cadarnhau cysyniadau Woese. Er hyn, nid oes cytundeb ar y nifer o deyrnasoedd a gynigiwyd gan Woese. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Teyrnas_yr_Eukaryota">Teyrnas yr Eukaryota</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Golygu'r adran: Teyrnas yr Eukaryota" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Teyrnas yr Eukaryota"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Delwedd:Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png/220px-Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png/330px-Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png/440px-Tree_of_Living_Organisms_2.png 2x" data-file-width="1530" data-file-height="1533" /></a><figcaption>Coeden ffylogenetig a symbiogenetig o organebau yn ôl Simpson a Roger, yn dangos tarddiad ewcaryotau (rhan uchaf) a phrocaryotau (rhan isaf).</figcaption></figure> <p>Mewn erthygl a gyhoeddwyd yn 2004, nododd Simpson a Roger cynigiwyd mai dim ond grwpiau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monoffyletig&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monoffyletig (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">monoffyletig</a> ddylai cael eu derbyn ar lefel ffurfiol wrth ddosbarthu pethau byw. Er i hyn fod yn ymarferol yn y gorffennol, roedd bellach yn bosibl i rannu'r ewcaryotau i lond llaw o brif grwpiau sydd fwy neu lai i gyd yn monoffyletig. </p><p>Yn sgil hyn, cyflwynwyd diagram yn 2005 ar gyfer <i>International Society of Protistologists</i>, a rannodd yr ewcaryotau i'r chwe prif ‘uwchrŵp’ (yr hyn a elwir heddiw yn "Deyrnas"). </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <p>Yn y system hon o ddosbarthu pethau byw, mae'r anifiliaid amlgellog (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Metosoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metosoa (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">metosoa</a>) yn ddisgynyddion yr un hynafiaid â choanoflagellates ungellog a'r ffwng, sydd yn eu tro'n ffurfio'r grŵp <a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opisthokonta (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Opisthokonta</a>. Credir (yn 2015) fod planhigion yn perthyn yn agosach at anifeiliaid a ffwng. </p> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bywyd" title="Bywyd">Bywyd</a></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap">Parth: <a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap">Parth <a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"><span class="nowrap">Parth <a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukaryota">Eukaryota</a></span></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 1.5em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; border-left: 0; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Excavate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Excavate (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Excavata</a> — Amrywiol <a href="/w/index.php?title=Brotosoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brotosoa (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">brotosoa</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/flagellate" class="extiw" title="en:flagellate">fflangellog</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amoebozoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amoebozoa (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Amoebozoa</a> — y rhan fwyaf o <a href="/wiki/Ameba" title="Ameba">amebâu</a> gyda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ffugdroed&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ffugdroed (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">ffugdraed</a> tew a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/slime_mould" class="extiw" title="en:slime mould">llwydni llysnafeddog</a> (<i>slime mould</i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opisthokonta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opisthokonta (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Opisthokonta</a> — <a href="/wiki/Anifail" title="Anifail">anifeiliaid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ffwng" title="Ffwng">ffwng</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Choanoflagellate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Choanoflagellate (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">choanoflagellates</a></i>, ayb. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhizaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhizaria (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Rhizaria</a> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fforaminiffera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fforaminiffera (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">fforaminiffera</a>, rheiddiolion (<i>Radiolaria</i>) ac amrywiol <a href="/w/index.php?title=Protosoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protosoa (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">brotosoa</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amebaidd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amebaidd (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">amebaidd</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromalveolate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chromalveolate (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Chromalveolata</a> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heterokont&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heterokont (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Stramenopiles</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Alga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alga (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">algâu brown, diatomau, ayb.</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haptoffyt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haptoffyt (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">haptoffyt</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryptomonad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryptomonad (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">cryptoffytau</a> (neu cryptomonadau), a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alveolate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alveolate (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Alveolata</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-left: 1px solid black; border-top: 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid black; padding: 0 0.2em; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center;"> <br /></td> <td rowspan="2" style="border: 0; padding: 0;"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeplastida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archaeplastida (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Archaeplastida</a> (neu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Primoplantae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Primoplantae (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Primoplantae</a>) — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Embryoffyt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Embryoffyt (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">planhigion y tir</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alga (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">algâu gwyrddion</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alga (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">algâu cochion</a>, a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Glawcoffyt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glawcoffyt (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">glawcoffytau</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border: 0; padding: 0; vertical-align: top;"><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hanes_dosbarthu_teynasoedd">Hanes dosbarthu teynasoedd</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Golygu'r adran: Hanes dosbarthu teynasoedd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Hanes dosbarthu teynasoedd"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mae'r tabl canlynol yn crynhoi datblygiad y systemau o ddosbarthu pethau byw dros y blynyddoedd. </p><p><br /> </p> <table style="margin-left: 0.5em; border-collapse: collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding: 4px; border-bottom: solid black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Carolus_Linnaeus" title="Carolus Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a><br />1735<sup id="cite_ref-Linnaeus1735_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Linnaeus1735-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="padding: 4px; border-bottom: solid black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Haeckel" title="Ernst Haeckel">Haeckel</a><br />1866<sup id="cite_ref-Haeckel_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haeckel-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="padding: 4px; border-bottom: solid black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89douard_Chatton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Édouard Chatton (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Chatton</a><br />1925<sup id="cite_ref-Chatton1925_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chatton1925-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chatton_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chatton-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="padding: 4px; border-bottom: solid black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herbert_Copeland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herbert Copeland (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Copeland</a><br />1938<sup id="cite_ref-Copeland1938_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Copeland1938-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Copeland1956_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Copeland1956-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="padding: 4px; border-bottom: solid black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Whittaker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Whittaker (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Whittaker</a><br />1969<sup id="cite_ref-Whittaker1969_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whittaker1969-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="padding: 4px; border-bottom: solid black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carl_Woese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carl Woese (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Woese</a> et al.<br />1977<sup id="cite_ref-Woese1977_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Woese1977-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Woese1977b_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Woese1977b-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="padding: 4px; border-bottom: solid black 1px;">Woese et al.<br />1990<sup id="cite_ref-Woese1990_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Woese1990-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="padding: 4px; border-bottom: solid black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Cavalier-Smith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Cavalier-Smith (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Cavalier-Smith</a><br />1993 </th> <th style="padding: 4px; border-bottom: solid black 1px;">Cavalier-Smith<br />1998<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CavalierSmith2004_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CavalierSmith2004-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid20031978_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid20031978-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: double black 3px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px;">2 teyrnas </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: double black 3px; border-left: solid black 1px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px;">3 teyrnas </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: double black 3px; border-left: solid black 1px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2 ymerodraeth</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: double black 3px; border-left: solid black 1px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">4 teyrnas</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: double black 3px; border-left: solid black 1px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">5 teyrnas</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: double black 3px; border-left: solid black 1px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px;">6 kingdoms </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: double black 3px; border-left: solid black 1px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">3 parth</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: double black 3px; border-left: solid black 1px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">8 teyrnas</a> </td> <td style="text-align: center; border-bottom: double black 3px; border-left: solid black 1px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">6 teyrnas</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5" style="padding-left: 4px;"><i>(dim)</i> </td> <td rowspan="5" style="background-color:khaki; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Protist" title="Protist">Protista</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:lightgrey; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prokaryota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prokaryota (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Prokaryota</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:lightgrey; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monera (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Monera</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:lightgrey; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monera (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Monera</a> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgrey; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Eubacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Eubacteria">Eubacteria</a> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgrey; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgrey; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Eubacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Eubacteria">Eubacteria</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:lightgrey; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Bacteria" title="Bacteria">Bacteria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:darkgray; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Archaebacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaebacteria">Archaebacteria</a> </td> <td style="background-color:darkgray; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Archaea" title="Archaea">Archaea</a> </td> <td style="background-color:darkgray; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Archaebacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaebacteria">Archaebacteria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6" style="background-color:#e0d0b0; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukaryota">Eukaryota</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:khaki; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Protista" class="mw-redirect" title="Protista">Protista</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:khaki; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Protist" title="Protist">Protista</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background-color:khaki; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Protist" title="Protist">Protista</a> </td> <td rowspan="6" style="background-color:#e0d0b0; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eukaryt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eukaryt (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Eucarya</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="background-color:PeachPuff; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archezoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archezoa (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Archezoa</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:khaki; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protosoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protosoa (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Protosoa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" style="background-color:khaki; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protosoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protosoa (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Protosoa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="1" style="background-color:burlywood; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chromista (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Chromista</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="background-color:burlywood; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chromista&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chromista (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">Chromista</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:lightgreen; padding-left: 4px;"><a href="/wiki/Planhigion" class="mw-redirect" title="Planhigion">Planhigion</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:lightgreen; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background-color:lightgreen; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgreen; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgreen; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgreen; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td> <td style="background-color:lightgreen; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:lightblue; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Ffwng" title="Ffwng">Ffwng</a> </td> <td style="background-color:lightblue; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Ffwng" title="Ffwng">Ffwng</a> </td> <td style="background-color:lightblue; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Ffwng" title="Ffwng">Ffwng</a> </td> <td style="background-color:lightblue; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Ffwng" title="Ffwng">Ffwng</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:pink; padding-left: 4px;"><a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td> <td style="background-color:pink; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td> <td style="background-color:pink; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td> <td style="background-color:pink; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td> <td style="background-color:pink; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td> <td style="background-color:pink; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td> <td style="background-color:pink; padding-left: 4px; border-left: dotted black 1px;"><a href="/wiki/Animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cyfeiriadau">Cyfeiriadau</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Golygu'r adran: Cyfeiriadau" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>golygu</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Cyfeiriadau"><span>golygu cod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gweler: <span class="citation" id="CITEREFMcNeill2006">McNeill, J., ed. (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121006231936/http://ibot.sav.sk/icbn/main.htm"><i>International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Vienna Code) Adopted by the Seventeenth International Botanical Congress, Vienna, Austria, Gorffennaf 2005</i></a> (electronic ed.), Vienna: International Association for Plant Taxonomy, archifwyd o <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ibot.sav.sk/icbn/main.htm">y gwreiddiol</a> ar 2012-10-06<span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121006231936/http://ibot.sav.sk/icbn/main.htm">https://web.archive.org/web/20121006231936/http://ibot.sav.sk/icbn/main.htm</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">, adalwyd 2011-02-20</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ibot.sav.sk/icbn/no%20frames/0007Ch1Art003.htm">article 3.1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DagenEtAl2010-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DagenEtAl2010_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFDaganRoettgerBryantMartin2010">Dagan, T.; Roettger, M.; Bryant & Martin, W. 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(1998), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=685">"A revised six-kingdom system of life"</a>, <i>Biological Reviews</i> <b>73</b> (03): 203–66, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1469-185X.1998.tb00030.x">10.1111/j.1469-185X.1998.tb00030.x</a>, <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9809012">9809012</a><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=685">http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=685</a></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CavalierSmith2004-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CavalierSmith2004_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFCavalier-Smith2004">Cavalier-Smith, T. (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cladocera.de/protozoa/cavalier-smith_2004_prs.pdf">"Only six kingdoms of life"</a>, <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences</i> <b>271</b>: 1251–62, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frspb.2004.2705">10.1098/rspb.2004.2705</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Central (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1691724/?tool=pmcentrez">1691724</a>, <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15306349">15306349</a><span class="printonly">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.cladocera.de/protozoa/cavalier-smith_2004_prs.pdf">http://www.cladocera.de/protozoa/cavalier-smith_2004_prs.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">, adalwyd 2010-04-29</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid20031978-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pmid20031978_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Cavalier-Smith T (June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=20031978">"Kingdoms Protozoa and Chromista and the eozoan root of the eukaryotic tree"</a>. <i>Biol. Lett.</i> <b>6</b> (3): 342–5. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbl.2009.0948">10.1098/rsbl.2009.0948</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=PubMed_Central&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PubMed Central (nid yw'r dudalen yn bodoli)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2880060/?tool=pmcentrez">2880060</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20031978">20031978</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=20031978">http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=20031978</a></span>.</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Wedi dod o "<a dir="ltr" href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&oldid=11042873">https://cy.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teyrnas_(bioleg)&oldid=11042873</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Arbennig:Categories" title="Arbennig:Categories">Categorïau</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:CS1_errors:_external_links" title="Categori:CS1 errors: external links">CS1 errors: external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Categori:Dosbarthiad_gwyddonol" title="Categori:Dosbarthiad gwyddonol">Dosbarthiad gwyddonol</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Golygwyd y dudalen hon ddiwethaf ar 25 Ebrill 2022, am 21:45.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Mae'r testun ar gael o dan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; gall telerau ychwanegol fod yn berthnasol. 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