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Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science - Wikipedia

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class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Affiliated laboratories and centers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Affiliated_laboratories_and_centers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bates_Research_and_Engineering_Center" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bates_Research_and_Engineering_Center"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Bates Research and Engineering Center</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bates_Research_and_Engineering_Center-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Center_for_Cancer_Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Center_for_Cancer_Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Center for Cancer Research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Center_for_Cancer_Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Center_for_Global_Change_Science" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Center_for_Global_Change_Science"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Center for Global Change Science</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Center_for_Global_Change_Science-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Center_for_Ultracold_Atoms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Center_for_Ultracold_Atoms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Center for Ultracold Atoms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Center_for_Ultracold_Atoms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Earth_Resources_Laboratory_(ERL)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Earth_Resources_Laboratory_(ERL)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Earth Resources Laboratory (ERL)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Earth_Resources_Laboratory_(ERL)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Experimental_Study_Group" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Experimental_Study_Group"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.6</span> <span>Experimental Study Group</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Experimental_Study_Group-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Francis_Bitter_Magnet_Laboratory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Francis_Bitter_Magnet_Laboratory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.7</span> <span>Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Francis_Bitter_Magnet_Laboratory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Laboratory_for_Nuclear_Science" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Laboratory_for_Nuclear_Science"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.8</span> <span>Laboratory for Nuclear Science</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Laboratory_for_Nuclear_Science-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-McGovern_Institute_for_Brain_Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#McGovern_Institute_for_Brain_Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.9</span> <span>McGovern Institute for Brain Research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-McGovern_Institute_for_Brain_Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MIT_Kavli_Institute_for_Astrophysics_&amp;_Space_Research" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MIT_Kavli_Institute_for_Astrophysics_&amp;_Space_Research"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.10</span> <span>MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics &amp; Space Research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-MIT_Kavli_Institute_for_Astrophysics_&amp;_Space_Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Picower_Institute_for_Learning_and_Memory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Picower_Institute_for_Learning_and_Memory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.11</span> <span>Picower Institute for Learning and Memory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Picower_Institute_for_Learning_and_Memory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Program_in_Atmospheres,_Oceans,_and_Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Program_in_Atmospheres,_Oceans,_and_Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.12</span> <span>Program in Atmospheres, Oceans, and Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Program_in_Atmospheres,_Oceans,_and_Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spectroscopy_Laboratory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spectroscopy_Laboratory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.13</span> <span>Spectroscopy Laboratory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spectroscopy_Laboratory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-George_R._Wallace_Jr._Astrophysical_Observatory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#George_R._Wallace_Jr._Astrophysical_Observatory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.14</span> <span>George R. Wallace Jr. Astrophysical Observatory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-George_R._Wallace_Jr._Astrophysical_Observatory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">School</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid 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href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>relies excessively on <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">references</a> to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">primary sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please improve this article by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research">secondary or tertiary sources</a>. <br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22Massachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science%22">"Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science"</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=%22Massachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science%22+-wikipedia&amp;tbs=ar:1">news</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22Massachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science%22&amp;tbs=bkt:s&amp;tbm=bks">newspapers</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22Massachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science%22+-wikipedia">books</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Massachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science%22">scholar</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Massachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science%22&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2007</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>MIT School of Science</b> is one of the five schools of the <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, United States. The School, which consolidated under the leadership of Karl Taylor Compton in 1932, is composed of 6 academic departments who grant <a href="/wiki/Scienti%C3%A6_Baccalaureus" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientiæ Baccalaureus">SB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scienti%C3%A6_Magister" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientiæ Magister">SM</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_philosophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of philosophy">PhD</a> or <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of science">ScD</a> degrees; as well as a number of affiliated laboratories and centers. As of 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit">&#91;update&#93;</a></sup>, the Dean of Science is Professor <a href="/wiki/Nergis_Mavalvala" title="Nergis Mavalvala">Nergis Mavalvala</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> With approximately 275 faculty members, 1100 graduate students, 700 undergraduate majors, 500 postdocs, and 400 research staff, the School is the second largest at MIT.<sup id="cite_ref-SoS-About_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SoS-About-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> As of 2019<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit">&#91;update&#93;</a></sup>, 12 faculty members and 14 alumni of the School have won <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prizes" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prizes">Nobel Prizes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SoS-About_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SoS-About-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biology">Biology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Biology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/MIT_Department_of_Biology" title="MIT Department of Biology">MIT Department of Biology</a></div> <p>The Department of Biology (Course 7) began as a department of natural history in 1871. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Brain_and_Cognitive_Sciences">Brain and Cognitive Sciences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Brain and Cognitive Sciences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/MIT_Department_of_Brain_and_Cognitive_Sciences" title="MIT Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences">Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences</a> (Course 9) began as the Department of Psychology in 1964.<sup id="cite_ref-IX_History_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IX_History-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chemistry">Chemistry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Chemistry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Department of Chemistry (Course 5) was one of the original departments when MIT opened in 1865.<sup id="cite_ref-V_History_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V_History-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Earth,_Atmospheric_and_Planetary_Sciences"><span id="Earth.2C_Atmospheric_and_Planetary_Sciences"></span>Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences (Course 12, or EAPS) traces its origins to the establishment of MIT by the <a href="/wiki/Geologist" title="Geologist">geologist</a> and education reformer <a href="/wiki/William_Barton_Rogers" title="William Barton Rogers">William Barton Rogers</a> in 1861. Before distinguishing himself as MIT's founder and first president, Rogers was a professor of <a href="/wiki/Natural_philosophy" title="Natural philosophy">natural philosophy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemistry</a>. He also served as State Geologist of <a href="/wiki/Virginia" title="Virginia">Virginia</a>, which explains why <a href="/wiki/Geology" title="Geology">geology</a> courses have been taught at MIT for more than a century. </p><p>In 1983, EAPS was formed through the merger of two MIT departments: the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, which grew out of the first geology courses, and the Department of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography, which had its roots in the <a href="/wiki/Meteorology" title="Meteorology">meteorology</a> courses that first emerged at MIT in 1941. </p><p>Today, EAPS seeks to understand the fundamental workings of natural systems by examining physical, chemical, and biological processes occurring across a vast spectrum of time and space. Its highly integrated research requires direct observation as well as modeling, and the department fosters interdisciplinary ventures that open new avenues of exploration.<sup id="cite_ref-Welcome_to_EAPS_@MIT_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Welcome_to_EAPS_@MIT-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mathematics">Mathematics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Mathematics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/MIT_Mathematics_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT Mathematics Department">MIT Mathematics Department</a></div> <p>Department of Mathematics (Course 18) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physics">Physics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Physics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/MIT_Physics_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT Physics Department">MIT Physics Department</a></div> <p>The Department of Physics (Course 8) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Affiliated_laboratories_and_centers">Affiliated laboratories and centers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Affiliated laboratories and centers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bates_Research_and_Engineering_Center">Bates Research and Engineering Center</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Bates Research and Engineering Center"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Center_for_Cancer_Research">Center for Cancer Research</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Center for Cancer Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Now merged into the <a href="/wiki/Koch_Institute_for_Integrative_Cancer_Research" title="Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research">Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Center_for_Global_Change_Science">Center for Global Change Science</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Center for Global Change Science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Center for Global Change Science (CGCS) at MIT was founded in January 1990 to address fundamental questions about climate processes with a multidisciplinary approach. In July 2006, the CGCS became an independent Center in the School of Science. The center's goal is to improve the ability to accurately predict changes in the global environment. </p><p>The CGCS seeks to better understand the natural mechanisms in ocean, atmosphere and land systems that together control the Earth's climate, and to apply improved knowledge to problems of predicting climate changes. The Center utilizes theory, observations, and numerical models to investigate climate phenomena, the linkages among them, and their potential feedbacks in a changing climate. </p><p>The director of the CGCS is Professor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ron_Prinn&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ron Prinn (page does not exist)">Ron Prinn</a> from MIT. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Center_for_Ultracold_Atoms">Center for Ultracold Atoms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Center for Ultracold Atoms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The MIT–Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms (<i>CUA</i>) is a collaborative research laboratory between <a href="/wiki/MIT" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT">MIT</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. </p><p>The core research program in the CUA consists of four collaborative experimental projects whose goals are to provide new sources of ultracold atoms and quantum gases, and new types of atom-wave devices. These projects will enable new research on topics such as quantum fluids, atom/photon optics, coherence, spectroscopy, ultracold collisions, and quantum devices. In addition, the CUA has a theoretical program centered on themes of quantum optics, many-body physics, wave physics, and atomic structure and interactions. </p><p>The Director of the CUA is <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Ketterle" title="Wolfgang Ketterle">Wolfgang Ketterle</a> (a 2001 Nobel laureate in physics) from MIT.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Earth_Resources_Laboratory_(ERL)"><span id="Earth_Resources_Laboratory_.28ERL.29"></span>Earth Resources Laboratory (ERL)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Earth Resources Laboratory (ERL)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Experimental_Study_Group">Experimental Study Group</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Experimental Study Group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Experimental_Study_Group" title="Experimental Study Group">Experimental Study Group</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Francis_Bitter_Magnet_Laboratory">Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Formerly considered the world's premier high-field magnet research center, the Laboratory was merged into the <a href="/wiki/MIT_Plasma_Science_and_Fusion_Center" title="MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center">Plasma Science and Fusion Center</a>, after the <a href="/wiki/National_Science_Board" title="National Science Board">National Science Board</a> decided in 1990 to locate the new National High Magnetic Field Laboratory at <a href="/wiki/Florida_State_University" title="Florida State University">Florida State University</a>. MIT appealed this decision unsuccessfully; at the time, this was the first appeal of an NSB decision.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Laboratory_for_Nuclear_Science">Laboratory for Nuclear Science</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: Laboratory for Nuclear Science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="McGovern_Institute_for_Brain_Research">McGovern Institute for Brain Research</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section: McGovern Institute for Brain Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/McGovern_Institute_for_Brain_Research" title="McGovern Institute for Brain Research">McGovern Institute for Brain Research</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="MIT_Kavli_Institute_for_Astrophysics_&amp;_Space_Research"><span id="MIT_Kavli_Institute_for_Astrophysics_.26_Space_Research"></span>MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics &amp; Space Research</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section: MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics &amp; Space Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <b>MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics &amp; Space Research</b> (MKI) was founded in 1965 as the <i>Center for Space Research</i>. Today MKI operates as an interdepartmental center, and it supports research in space science and engineering, astronomy, and astrophysics.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Picower_Institute_for_Learning_and_Memory">Picower Institute for Learning and Memory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section: Picower Institute for Learning and Memory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Picower_Institute_for_Learning_and_Memory" title="Picower Institute for Learning and Memory">Picower Institute for Learning and Memory</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Program_in_Atmospheres,_Oceans,_and_Climate"><span id="Program_in_Atmospheres.2C_Oceans.2C_and_Climate"></span>Program in Atmospheres, Oceans, and Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Edit section: Program in Atmospheres, Oceans, and Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spectroscopy_Laboratory">Spectroscopy Laboratory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Edit section: Spectroscopy Laboratory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="George_R._Wallace_Jr._Astrophysical_Observatory">George R. Wallace Jr. Astrophysical Observatory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Edit section: George R. Wallace Jr. Astrophysical Observatory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 50em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.mit.edu/nergis-mavalvala-named-school-of-science-dean/">"Nergis Mavalvala named School of Science dean"</a>. <i>Massachusetts Institute of Technology</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Massachusetts+Institute+of+Technology&amp;rft.atitle=Nergis+Mavalvala+named+School+of+Science+dean&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscience.mit.edu%2Fnergis-mavalvala-named-school-of-science-dean%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMassachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SoS-About-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SoS-About_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SoS-About_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://science.mit.edu/about/">"About"</a>. <i>MIT School of Science</i>. Massachusetts Institute of Technology<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=MIT+School+of+Science&amp;rft.atitle=About&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscience.mit.edu%2Fabout%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMassachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IX_History-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IX_History_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/bcs/aboutbcs/history.shtml">"About BCS/History"</a>. MIT<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-08-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=About+BCS%2FHistory&amp;rft.pub=MIT&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mit.edu%2Fbcs%2Faboutbcs%2Fhistory.shtml&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMassachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-V_History-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V_History_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/chemistry/www/about/history.html">"MIT Chemistry: History of the Department"</a>. MIT<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-08-13</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=MIT+Chemistry%3A+History+of+the+Department&amp;rft.pub=MIT&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.mit.edu%2Fchemistry%2Fwww%2Fabout%2Fhistory.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMassachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Welcome_to_EAPS_@MIT-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Welcome_to_EAPS_@MIT_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eaps.mit.edu/about/">"About - MIT EAPS"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=About+-+MIT+EAPS&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feaps.mit.edu%2Fabout%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMassachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMass._Inst._of_Tech.,_Research_Lab._of_Electronics,_MIT–Harvard_Ctr._for_Ultracold_Atoms.2009" class="citation web cs1">Mass. Inst. of Tech., Research Lab. of Electronics, MIT–Harvard Ctr. for Ultracold Atoms. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120711183912/http://cuaweb.mit.edu/Pages/ContactUs.aspx">"Contact"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cuaweb.mit.edu/Pages/ContactUs.aspx">the original</a> on 2012-07-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-10-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Contact&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.au=Mass.+Inst.+of+Tech.%2C+Research+Lab.+of+Electronics%2C+MIT%E2%80%93Harvard+Ctr.+for+Ultracold+Atoms.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcuaweb.mit.edu%2FPages%2FContactUs.aspx&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMassachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span> (“Director: Ketterle, Wolfgang … MIT …; Co-Directors: Doyle … Harvard …; Kleppner … MIT …”)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Science_Found.,_Comm._of_Visitors_of_the_Div._of_Physics.2006" class="citation book cs1">National Science Found., Comm. of Visitors of the Div. of Physics. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nsf.gov/mps/advisory/covdocs/PHYcov_06.pdf"><i>Report of the Committee of Visitors to the Division of Physics</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (FY 2006&#160;ed.).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Committee+of+Visitors+to+the+Division+of+Physics&amp;rft.edition=FY+2006&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.au=National+Science+Found.%2C+Comm.+of+Visitors+of+the+Div.+of+Physics.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nsf.gov%2Fmps%2Fadvisory%2Fcovdocs%2FPHYcov_06.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMassachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science" class="Z3988"></span> PHYcov_06.pdf (“The 2001 Nobel Prize in physics was awarded to the [Bose-Einstein condensates] work of … Wieman, … Cornell and … Ketterle.”)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrabhat_Mehta1990" class="citation news cs1">Prabhat Mehta (September 18, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111126015908/http://tech.mit.edu/V110/N35/magnet.35n.html">"NSB denies MIT magnet appeal"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Tech_(newspaper)" title="The Tech (newspaper)">The Tech</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tech.mit.edu/V110/N35/magnet.35n.html">the original</a> on November 26, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 10,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.atitle=NSB+denies+MIT+magnet+appeal&amp;rft.date=1990-09-18&amp;rft.au=Prabhat+Mehta&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftech.mit.edu%2FV110%2FN35%2Fmagnet.35n.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMassachusetts+Institute+of+Technology+School+of+Science" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eapsweb.mit.edu/research/kavli-institute-astrophysics-space-research">"Kavli Institute for Astrophysics &amp; Space Research"</a>.</cite><span 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Template:Massachusetts Institute of Technology"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Template talk:Massachusetts Institute of Technology"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Massachusetts Institute of Technology"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#A31F34; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #8A8B8C, inset -2px -2px 0 #8A8B8C;;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_academics" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology academics"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Academics</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>School of <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MIT_School_of_Architecture_and_Planning" title="MIT School of Architecture and Planning">Architecture and Planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Engineering" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Engineering">Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_School_of_Humanities,_Arts,_and_Social_Sciences" title="MIT School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences">Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Sloan_School_of_Management" title="MIT Sloan School of Management">Sloan School of Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Schwarzman_College_of_Computing" title="MIT Schwarzman College of Computing">Schwarzman College of Computing</a></li> <li>Department of <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Department_of_Biology" title="MIT Department of Biology">Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Department_of_Brain_and_Cognitive_Sciences" title="MIT Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences">Brain and Cognitive Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Department_of_Economics" title="MIT Department of Economics">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Department_of_Mathematics" title="MIT Department of Mathematics">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Department_of_Physics" title="MIT Department of Physics">Physics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvard%E2%80%93MIT_Program_in_Health_Sciences_and_Technology" title="Harvard–MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology">Health Sciences and Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#A31F34; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #8A8B8C, inset -2px -2px 0 #8A8B8C;;;width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Latif_Jameel_Poverty_Action_Lab" title="Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab">Abdul Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Institute" title="Broad Institute">Broad Institute</a></li> <li>Center for <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Bits_and_Atoms" title="Center for Bits and Atoms">Bits and Atoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Center_for_Information_Systems_Research" title="MIT Center for Information Systems Research">Information Systems Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Center_for_International_Studies" title="MIT Center for International Studies">International Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Center_for_Theoretical_Physics" title="MIT Center for Theoretical Physics">Theoretical Physics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Computer_Science_and_Artificial_Intelligence_Laboratory" title="MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory">Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Medical_Engineering_and_Science" title="Institute for Medical Engineering and Science">Institute for Medical Engineering and Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koch_Institute_for_Integrative_Cancer_Research" title="Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research">Koch Institute</a></li> <li>Laboratory for <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_for_Electromagnetic_and_Electronic_Systems" title="Laboratory for Electromagnetic and Electronic Systems">Electromagnetic and Electronic Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Laboratory_for_Information_and_Decision_Systems" title="MIT Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems">Information and Decision Systems</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Lincoln_Laboratory" title="MIT Lincoln Laboratory">Lincoln Laboratory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Green_High_Performance_Computing_Center" title="Massachusetts Green High Performance Computing Center">Massachusetts Green High Performance Computing Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McGovern_Institute_for_Brain_Research" title="McGovern Institute for Brain Research">McGovern Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Media_Lab" title="MIT Media Lab">Media Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_Libraries" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology Libraries">MIT Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Nuclear_Research_Reactor" title="MIT Nuclear Research Reactor">Nuclear Research Reactor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picower_Institute_for_Learning_and_Memory" title="Picower Institute for Learning and Memory">Picower Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Plasma_Science_and_Fusion_Center" title="MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center">Plasma Science and Fusion Center</a></li> <li>Research Laboratory of Electronics</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Senseable_City_Lab" title="MIT Senseable City Lab">Senseable City Lab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitehead_Institute" title="Whitehead Institute">Whitehead Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#A31F34; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #8A8B8C, inset -2px -2px 0 #8A8B8C;;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_alumni" title="List of Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni">Alumni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_faculty" title="List of Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty">Faculty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Institute_Professors_at_the_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Institute Professors at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Institute Professors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Barton_Rogers" title="William Barton Rogers">William Barton Rogers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#A31F34; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #8A8B8C, inset -2px -2px 0 #8A8B8C;;;width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MIT_class_ring" title="MIT class ring">Brass Rat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caltech%E2%80%93MIT_rivalry" title="Caltech–MIT rivalry">Caltech rivalry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hacks_at_the_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Hacks at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Hacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemelson%E2%80%93MIT_Prize" title="Lemelson–MIT Prize">Lemelson–MIT Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_Visual_Arts_Center" title="List Visual Arts Center">List Visual Arts Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_$100K_Entrepreneurship_Competition" title="MIT $100K Entrepreneurship Competition">MIT $100K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Press" title="MIT Press">MIT Press</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MIT_Technology_Review" title="MIT Technology Review">MIT Technology Review</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Science_Fiction_Society" title="MIT Science Fiction Society">MIT Science Fiction Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Mystery_Hunt" title="MIT Mystery Hunt">Mystery Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Athena" title="Project Athena">Project Athena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoot" title="Smoot">Smoot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Information_Processing_Board" title="Student Information Processing Board">Student Information Processing Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_Model_Railroad_Club" title="Tech Model Railroad Club">Tech Model Railroad Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_Squares" title="Tech Squares">Tech Squares</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tech_(newspaper)" title="The Tech (newspaper)">The Tech</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditions_and_student_activities_at_MIT" title="Traditions and student activities at MIT">Traditions and activities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#A31F34; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #8A8B8C, inset -2px -2px 0 #8A8B8C;;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Campus_of_the_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Campus of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology"><span style="color:#FFFFFF;">Campus</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Building_20" title="Building 20">Building 20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Chapel" title="MIT Chapel">Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_at_the_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Housing at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Dormitories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_MIT_fraternities,_sororities,_and_ILGs" class="mw-redirect" title="List of MIT fraternities, sororities, and ILGs">Fraternities and sororities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Building_(MIT)" title="Green Building (MIT)">Green Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infinite_Corridor" title="Infinite Corridor">Infinite Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killian_Court" title="Killian Court">Killian Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kresge_Auditorium" title="Kresge Auditorium">Kresge Auditorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_Libraries" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology Libraries">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Museum" title="MIT Museum">MIT Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_Police_Department" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology Police Department">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stata_Center" title="Stata Center">Stata Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sean_Collier_Memorial" title="Sean Collier Memorial">Sean Collier Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiesner_Building" title="Wiesner Building">Wiesner Building</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#A31F34; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #8A8B8C, inset -2px -2px 0 #8A8B8C;;;width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="History of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology">History of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_Hill_(Dartmouth,_Massachusetts)" title="Round Hill (Dartmouth, Massachusetts)">Round Hill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#A31F34; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #8A8B8C, inset -2px -2px 0 #8A8B8C;;;width:1%">Athletics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MIT_Engineers" title="MIT Engineers">Engineers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_Dinghy" title="Tech Dinghy">Tech Dinghy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#A31F34; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #8A8B8C, inset -2px -2px 0 #8A8B8C;;;width:1%">Notable projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MIT_App_Inventor" title="MIT App Inventor">MIT App Inventor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MIT_OpenCourseWare" title="MIT OpenCourseWare">MIT OpenCourseWare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MITx" title="MITx">MITx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scratch_(programming_language)" title="Scratch (programming language)">Scratch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6784300#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2011190720">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology_School_of_Science&amp;params=42.358_N_71.093_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">42°21′29″N</span> <span class="longitude">71°05′35″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">&#xfeff; / &#xfeff;</span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">42.358°N 71.093°W</span><span style="display:none">&#xfeff; / <span class="geo">42.358; -71.093</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐6696b4cc84‐mlt5s Cached time: 20241122164929 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.426 seconds Real time usage: 0.637 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1453/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 61539/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1495/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 10/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 51097/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.279/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5726426/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities 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