CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Archaeognatha - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"3e3e19bc-4eac-409c-8b5f-768de9d9499d","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Archaeognatha","wgTitle":"Archaeognatha","wgCurRevisionId":1254045436,"wgRevisionId":1254045436,"wgArticleId":2152928,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles with 'species' microformats","Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text","Commons category link is on Wikidata","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from January 2015","Taxonbars with multiple manual Wikidata items","Archaeognatha","Insect orders","Insects of the Arctic","Middle Devonian first appearances"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en", "wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Archaeognatha","wgRelevantArticleId":2152928,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q637179", "wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc", "skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Rock_bristletail.JPG/1200px-Rock_bristletail.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="900"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Rock_bristletail.JPG/800px-Rock_bristletail.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Rock_bristletail.JPG/640px-Rock_bristletail.JPG"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="480"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Archaeognatha - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Archaeognatha rootpage-Archaeognatha skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Archaeognatha" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Archaeognatha" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Archaeognatha" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Archaeognatha" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taxonomy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taxonomy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Taxonomy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taxonomy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Biology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Archaeognatha</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 42 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-42" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">42 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%83" title="عتيقات الفك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عتيقات الفك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Археогнати – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Археогнати" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arque%C3%B2gnats" title="Arqueògnats – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Arqueògnats" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chvostnatky" title="Chvostnatky – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chvostnatky" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsenspringer_(Insekten)" title="Felsenspringer (Insekten) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Felsenspringer (Insekten)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81e%CA%BCesoo%C5%82ii_nahacha%CA%BC%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Łeʼesoołii nahachaʼígíí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Łeʼesoołii nahachaʼígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B1" title="Αρχαιόγναθα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αρχαιόγναθα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%87%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="کهن‌آروارگان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کهن‌آروارگان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arque%C3%B3gnatos" title="Arqueógnatos – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Arqueógnatos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%8C%EC%A2%80%EB%AA%A9" title="돌좀목 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="돌좀목" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machilida" title="Machilida – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Machilida" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99-%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%AA" title="קדומי-הלסת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קדומי-הלסת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arceognato" title="Arceognato – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Arceognato" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugr%C3%B3_%C5%91srovarok" title="Ugró ősrovarok – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ugró ősrovarok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%83" title="عتيقات الفك – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="عتيقات الفك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotsspringers_(insecten)" title="Rotsspringers (insecten) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rotsspringers (insecten)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B7%E3%83%8E%E3%83%9F%E7%9B%AE" title="イシノミ目 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イシノミ目" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stianhopern" title="Stianhopern – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Stianhopern" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoppeb%C3%B8rstehaler" title="Hoppebørstehaler – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hoppebørstehaler" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felsenjumpers" title="Felsenjumpers – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Felsenjumpers" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przerzutki" title="Przerzutki – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przerzutki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Древнечелюстные – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Древнечелюстные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pra%C4%8Deljustnice" title="Pračeljustnice – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pračeljustnice" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siimah%C3%A4nt%C3%A4iset" title="Siimahäntäiset – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Siimahäntäiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoppborstsvansar" title="Hoppborstsvansar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hoppborstsvansar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tizikmarin" title="Tizikmarin – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tizikmarin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%B1playan_k%C4%B1lkuyruklar" title="Zıplayan kılkuyruklar – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Zıplayan kılkuyruklar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Давньощелепні – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Давньощелепні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="Archaeognatha – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Archaeognatha" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E9%A1%8E%E7%9B%AE" title="古顎目 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="古顎目" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%8F%A3%E7%9B%AE" title="古口目 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="古口目" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q637179#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Archaeognatha" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Archaeognatha" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Archaeognatha"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Archaeognatha"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Archaeognatha" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Archaeognatha" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&oldid=1254045436" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Archaeognatha&id=1254045436&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FArchaeognatha"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FArchaeognatha"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Archaeognatha&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Archaeognatha" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q637179" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Order of wingless insects</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Archaeognatha<br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">Devonian–Recent</span><sup id="cite_ref-IIBD_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IIBD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 320">: 320 </span></sup> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:207.23076923077px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:rgb(254,217,106); background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/Precambrian" title="Precambrian">PreꞒ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,160,86); left:37.636923076923px; width:18.073846153846px;"><a href="/wiki/Cambrian" title="Cambrian">Ꞓ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,146,112); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/Ordovician" title="Ordovician">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(179,225,182); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/Silurian" title="Silurian">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(203,140,55); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(103,165,153); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Carboniferous" title="Carboniferous">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(240,64,40); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/Permian" title="Permian">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,43,146); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.092984615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Triassic" title="Triassic">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(52,178,201); left:151.83384615385px; width:19.089230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/Jurassic" title="Jurassic">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(127,198,78); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(253,154,82); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/Paleogene" title="Paleogene">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(255,230,25); left:212.20523076923px; width:6.9215384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/Neogene" title="Neogene">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:78.116923076923px; width:141.88307692308px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:78.116923076923px; width:141.88307692308px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:79.116923076923px; width:139.88307692308px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rock_bristletail.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Rock_bristletail.JPG/220px-Rock_bristletail.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Rock_bristletail.JPG/330px-Rock_bristletail.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Rock_bristletail.JPG/440px-Rock_bristletail.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3424" data-file-height="2568" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Rock bristletail </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Archaeognatha" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">Arthropoda</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">Insecta</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subclass: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Monocondylia</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Haeckel" class="mw-redirect" title="Haeckel">Haeckel</a>, 1866</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Archaeognatha</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Carl_Julius_Bernhard_B%C3%B6rner" title="Carl Julius Bernhard Börner">Börner</a>, 1904</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Families<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Monura" class="mw-redirect" title="Monura">Monura</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Sharov 1957 stat. nov. Carpenter 1992)</span> <ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="/wiki/Dasyleptidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Dasyleptidae">Dasyleptidae</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Machilida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Machilida (page does not exist)">Machilida</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Grassi 1888 stat. nov. Zhang et al. 2018)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Machilidae" title="Machilidae">Machilidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meinertellidae" title="Meinertellidae">Meinertellidae</a></li></ul></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li>Microcoryphia <span style="font-size:85%;">(Verhoeff 1904)</span></li> <li>Trinemura <span style="font-size:85%;">(Crampton 1916)</span></li> <li>Protothysanura <span style="font-size:85%;">(Crampton 1924 non Smith 1897)</span></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p>The <b>Archaeognatha</b> are an <a href="/wiki/Order_(biology)" title="Order (biology)">order</a> of <a href="/wiki/Apterygote" class="mw-redirect" title="Apterygote">apterygotes</a>, known by various <a href="/wiki/Common_name" title="Common name">common names</a> such as <b>jumping bristletails</b>. Among <a href="/wiki/Neontology" title="Neontology">extant</a> <a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">insect</a> <a href="/wiki/Taxa" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxa">taxa</a> they are some of the most evolutionarily <a href="/wiki/Primitive_(phylogenetics)" title="Primitive (phylogenetics)">primitive</a>; they appeared in the Middle <a href="/wiki/Devonian" title="Devonian">Devonian</a> period at about the same time as the <a href="/wiki/Arachnid" title="Arachnid">arachnids</a>. Specimens that closely resemble extant species have been found as both body and <a href="/wiki/Trace_fossils" class="mw-redirect" title="Trace fossils">trace fossils</a> (the latter including body imprints and trackways) in strata from the remainder of the <a href="/wiki/Paleozoic_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Paleozoic Era">Paleozoic Era</a> and more recent periods.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For historical reasons an alternative name for the order is <b>Microcoryphia</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gibb2014_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gibb2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until the late 20th century the suborders <a href="/wiki/Zygentoma" title="Zygentoma">Zygentoma</a> and Archaeognatha comprised the order <a href="/wiki/Thysanura" title="Thysanura">Thysanura</a>; both orders possess three-pronged tails comprising two lateral <a href="/wiki/Cercus" title="Cercus">cerci</a> and a medial <a href="/wiki/Epiproct" class="mw-redirect" title="Epiproct">epiproct</a> or <i>appendix dorsalis</i>. Of the three organs, the appendix dorsalis is considerably longer than the two cerci; in this the Archaeognatha differ from the Zygentoma, in which the three organs are subequal in length.<sup id="cite_ref-Gibb2014_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gibb2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the late 20th century, it was recognized that the order Thysanura was paraphyletic, thus the two suborders were each raised to the status of an independent monophyletic order, with Archaeognatha sister taxon to the <a href="/wiki/Dicondylia" title="Dicondylia">Dicondylia</a>, including the Zygentoma.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The order Archaeognatha is <a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitan_distribution" title="Cosmopolitan distribution">cosmopolitan</a>; it includes roughly 500 species in two families.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No species is currently evaluated as being at conservation risk.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaeognatha are small insects with elongated bodies and backs that are arched, especially over the <a href="/wiki/Thorax" title="Thorax">thorax</a>. Their abdomen ends in three long tail-like structures, of which the lateral two are <a href="/wiki/Cercus" title="Cercus">cerci</a>, while the medial filament, which is longest, is an <a href="/wiki/Epiproct" class="mw-redirect" title="Epiproct">epiproct</a>. The tenth abdominal segment is reduced.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Antenna_(biology)" title="Antenna (biology)">antennae</a> are flexible. The two large <a href="/wiki/Compound_eye" title="Compound eye">compound eyes</a> meet at the top of the head, and there are three <a href="/wiki/Ocelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocelli">ocelli</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Insect_mouthparts" title="Insect mouthparts">mouthparts</a> are partly retractable, with simple chewing <a href="/wiki/Mandible_(arthropod)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandible (arthropod)">mandibles</a> and seven-segmented maxillary <a href="/wiki/Palp" class="mw-redirect" title="Palp">palps</a> which are commonly longer than the legs.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IIBD_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IIBD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 341–343">: 341–343 </span></sup> </p><p>Unlike other insect orders, they do not have olfactory receptor-coreceptors (<a href="/wiki/Or83b_odorant_receptor" title="Or83b odorant receptor">Orco</a>), which have either been lost or were never present in the first place.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archaeognatha differ from Zygentoma in various ways, such as their relatively small head, their bodies being compressed laterally (from side to side) instead of flattened dorsiventrally, and in their being able to use their tails to spring up to 30 cm (12 in) into the air if disturbed. They have eight pairs of short appendages called styli on abdominal segments 2 to 9. Family Machilidae is also unique among insects in possessing small muscleless styli on the second and third thoracic <a href="/wiki/Arthropod_leg" title="Arthropod leg">legs</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but are absent on the second pair of thoracic legs in some genera.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar stylets on the legs are absent in family Meinertellidae.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have one or two pairs of eversible membranous vesicles on the underside of abdominal segments 1 to 7, which are used to absorb water and assisting with molting.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are nine pairs of <a href="/wiki/Spiracle_(arthropods)" title="Spiracle (arthropods)">spiracles</a>; two pairs on the thorax, and seven pairs on abdominal segments 2 to 8.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pair of spiracles on the first abdominal segment has been lost.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jumping_Bristletails_(15567941692).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jumping_Bristletails_%2815567941692%29.jpg/220px-Jumping_Bristletails_%2815567941692%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jumping_Bristletails_%2815567941692%29.jpg/330px-Jumping_Bristletails_%2815567941692%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jumping_Bristletails_%2815567941692%29.jpg/440px-Jumping_Bristletails_%2815567941692%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3703" data-file-height="2777" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Lateral aspect of an archaeognathan, showing arched profile and abdominal styli</div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:T%C3%AAte_de_Trigoniophthalmus_alternatus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/T%C3%AAte_de_Trigoniophthalmus_alternatus.jpg/220px-T%C3%AAte_de_Trigoniophthalmus_alternatus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/T%C3%AAte_de_Trigoniophthalmus_alternatus.jpg/330px-T%C3%AAte_de_Trigoniophthalmus_alternatus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/T%C3%AAte_de_Trigoniophthalmus_alternatus.jpg/440px-T%C3%AAte_de_Trigoniophthalmus_alternatus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1158" data-file-height="838" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Head of a <a href="/wiki/Machilidae" title="Machilidae">machilid</a>, showing compound eyes, prominent maxillary palps, and detachable scales.</div></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lubbock_Machilis_Scale_p0437P.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lubbock_Machilis_Scale_p0437P.png/220px-Lubbock_Machilis_Scale_p0437P.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="558" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lubbock_Machilis_Scale_p0437P.png/330px-Lubbock_Machilis_Scale_p0437P.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Lubbock_Machilis_Scale_p0437P.png/440px-Lubbock_Machilis_Scale_p0437P.png 2x" data-file-width="1058" data-file-height="2684" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Drawing of a scale, much magnified, from a species in the family <a href="/wiki/Machilidae" title="Machilidae">Machilidae</a></div></figcaption></figure> <p>Further unusual features are that the abdominal sternites are each composed of three <a href="/wiki/Sclerite" title="Sclerite">sclerites</a>, and they cement themselves to the substrate before <a href="/wiki/Ecdysis" title="Ecdysis">molting</a>, often using their own feces as glue.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The body is covered with readily detached scales, that make the animals difficult to grip and also may protect the exoskeleton from abrasion. The thin <a href="/wiki/Exoskeleton" title="Exoskeleton">exoskeleton</a> offers little protection against dehydration, and they accordingly must remain in moist air, such as in cool, damp situations under stones or bark. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name Archaeognatha is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Greek</a> <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">ἀρχαῖος</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">archaios</i></span>, meaning 'ancient', and <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">γνάθος</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">gnathos</i></span>, meaning '<a href="/wiki/Insect_mouthparts" title="Insect mouthparts">jaw</a>'. This refers to the articulation of the mandibles, which are different from those of other insects. It was originally believed that Archaeognatha possessed a single <a href="/wiki/Primitive_(phylogenetics)" title="Primitive (phylogenetics)">phylogenetically primitive</a> <a href="/wiki/Condyle" title="Condyle">condyle</a> each (thus the name "Monocondylia"), where all more <a href="/wiki/Primitive_(phylogenetics)" title="Primitive (phylogenetics)">derived</a> insects have two, but this has since been shown to be incorrect; all insects, including Archaeognatha, have dicondylic mandibles, but archaeognaths possess two articulations that are <a href="/wiki/Homology_(biology)" title="Homology (biology)">homologous</a> to those in other insects, though slightly different.<sup id="cite_ref-BlankeEtal_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BlankeEtal-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An alternative name, <b>Microcoryphia</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-Gibb2014_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gibb2014-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> comes from the Greek <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">μικρός</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">mikros</i></span>, 'small', and <span title="Ancient Greek-language text"><span lang="grc">κορυφή</span></span>, <span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">koryphē</i></span>, which in context means 'head'.<sup id="cite_ref-Liddell1889_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liddell1889-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Families </th> <th>No. of Species </th> <th>Defining Notes </th> <th>Image </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Machilidae" title="Machilidae">Machilidae</a> </td> <td>250 </td> <td>Most are restricted to rocky shorelines </td> <td>Need specific image </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Meinertellidae" title="Meinertellidae">Meinertellidae</a> </td> <td>170<sup id="cite_ref-Song-eal-2011_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Song-eal-2011-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Lack scales at base of hind legs and antennae </td> <td>Need specific image </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biology">Biology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Biology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaeognatha occur in a wide range of <a href="/wiki/Habitat" title="Habitat">habitats</a>. While most species live in moist soil, others have adapted to <a href="/wiki/Chaparral" title="Chaparral">chaparral</a>, and even sandy deserts. They feed primarily on <a href="/wiki/Algae" title="Algae">algae</a>, but also <a href="/wiki/Lichen" title="Lichen">lichens</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moss" title="Moss">mosses</a>, or decaying organic <a href="/wiki/Detritus" title="Detritus">detritus</a>. </p><p>Three types of mating behavior are known. In some species the male spins a silk thread (carrier thread) stretched out on the ground. On the thread there are droplets of sperm which the female will take up when her <a href="/wiki/Ovipositor" title="Ovipositor">ovipositor</a> makes contact. In others a packet of sperm (<a href="/wiki/Spermatophore" title="Spermatophore">spermatophore</a>) is deposited on the top of a short stalk. If a female takes up the sperm or not is often random, but in many species the male will try to lead the female's genitals over the sperm during courtship. A more direct way of fertilization occurs in species of the genus <a href="/wiki/Petrobius" title="Petrobius">Petrobius</a>, where the male place a droplet of sperm directly on the female's ovipositor. <sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One hypothesis is that the external genitals of insects started as structures specialized for water-uptake, which could reach deeper crevices than the coxal vesicles, and over time the female would use it to take up sperm from the ground instead of water.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After fertilization she lays a batch of around 30 eggs in a suitable crevice. The young resemble the adults, and take up to two years to reach sexual maturity, depending on the species and conditions such as temperature and available food. </p><p>Unlike most insects, the adults continue to moult after reaching adulthood, and typically mate once at each <a href="/wiki/Instar" title="Instar">instar</a>. Archaeognaths may have a total lifespan of up to four years, longer than most larger insects.<sup id="cite_ref-IIBD_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IIBD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-IIBD-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IIBD_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IIBD_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IIBD_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHowell_V._DalyJohn_T._DoyenAlexander_H._Purcell1998" class="citation book cs1">Howell V. Daly; John T. Doyen & Alexander H. Purcell (1998). <i>Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity</i> (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-510033-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-510033-6"><bdi>0-19-510033-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+Insect+Biology+and+Diversity&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-19-510033-6&rft.au=Howell+V.+Daly&rft.au=John+T.+Doyen&rft.au=Alexander+H.+Purcell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=383751&is_real_user=1">"Order Archaeognatha Börner 1904"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Paleobiology_Database" class="mw-redirect" title="The Paleobiology Database">The Paleobiology Database</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Order+Archaeognatha+B%C3%B6rner+1904&rft.pub=The+Paleobiology+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpaleobiodb.org%2Fclassic%2FcheckTaxonInfo%3Ftaxon_no%3D383751%26is_real_user%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatrick_R._GettyRobert_SprouleDavid_L._WagnerAndrew_M._Bush2013" class="citation journal cs1">Patrick R. Getty; Robert Sproule; David L. Wagner & Andrew M. Bush (2013). "Variation in wingless insect trace fossils: insights from neoichnology and the Pennsylvanian of Massachusetts". <i>PALAIOS</i>. <b>28</b> (4): 243–258. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013Palai..28..243G">2013Palai..28..243G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2110%2Fpalo.2012.p12-108r">10.2110/palo.2012.p12-108r</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:86430759">86430759</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PALAIOS&rft.atitle=Variation+in+wingless+insect+trace+fossils%3A+insights+from+neoichnology+and+the+Pennsylvanian+of+Massachusetts&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=243-258&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A86430759%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2110%2Fpalo.2012.p12-108r&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013Palai..28..243G&rft.au=Patrick+R.+Getty&rft.au=Robert+Sproule&rft.au=David+L.+Wagner&rft.au=Andrew+M.+Bush&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gibb2014-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gibb2014_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gibb2014_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gibb2014_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTimothy_J._Gibb2014" class="citation book cs1">Timothy J. Gibb (27 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qDrLAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA78"><i>Contemporary Insect Diagnostics: The Art and Science of Practical Entomology</i></a>. Academic Press. pp. 78–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-404692-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-404692-4"><bdi>978-0-12-404692-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contemporary+Insect+Diagnostics%3A+The+Art+and+Science+of+Practical+Entomology&rft.pages=78-&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2014-10-27&rft.isbn=978-0-12-404692-4&rft.au=Timothy+J.+Gibb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqDrLAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> A. Blanke, M. Koch, B. Wipfler, F. Wilde, B. Misof (2014) Head morphology of <i>Tricholepidion gertschi</i> indicates monophyletic Zygentoma. Frontiers in Zoology 11:16 doi:10.1186/1742-9994-11-16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarnard2011" class="citation book cs1">Barnard, Peter C. (19 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xLntEIQ4b-0C&dq=The+Archaeognatha+relatively+small+group+500+species+worldwide&pg=PT109"><i>The Royal Entomological Society Book of British Insects</i></a>. John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781444344967" title="Special:BookSources/9781444344967"><bdi>9781444344967</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Royal+Entomological+Society+Book+of+British+Insects&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2011-09-19&rft.isbn=9781444344967&rft.aulast=Barnard&rft.aufirst=Peter+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxLntEIQ4b-0C%26dq%3DThe%2BArchaeognatha%2Brelatively%2Bsmall%2Bgroup%2B500%2Bspecies%2Bworldwide%26pg%3DPT109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cals.ncsu.edu/course/ent425/library/compendium/archeognatha.html">NC State University</a>, ENT 425 | General Entomology | Resource Library | Compendium [Archeognatha]</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGillot2013" class="citation book cs1">Gillot, Cedric (14 March 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xAP3BwAAQBAJ&dq=%2210th+segment+reduced+and+tergum+of+11th+forming+median%22&pg=PA117"><i>Entomology</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781461569183" title="Special:BookSources/9781461569183"><bdi>9781461569183</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Entomology&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2013-03-14&rft.isbn=9781461569183&rft.aulast=Gillot&rft.aufirst=Cedric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxAP3BwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%252210th%2Bsegment%2Breduced%2Band%2Btergum%2Bof%2B11th%2Bforming%2Bmedian%2522%26pg%3DPA117&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReshCardé2009" class="citation book cs1">Resh, Vincent H.; Cardé, Ring T. (22 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Jk0Hym1yF0cC&dq=seven-segmented+maxillary+palps&pg=PA49"><i>Encyclopedia of Insects</i></a>. Academic Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780080920900" title="Special:BookSources/9780080920900"><bdi>9780080920900</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Insects&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2009-07-22&rft.isbn=9780080920900&rft.aulast=Resh&rft.aufirst=Vincent+H.&rft.au=Card%C3%A9%2C+Ring+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJk0Hym1yF0cC%26dq%3Dseven-segmented%2Bmaxillary%2Bpalps%26pg%3DPA49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWicherMiazzi2021" class="citation journal cs1">Wicher, D.; Miazzi, F. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7873100">"Functional properties of insect olfactory receptors: Ionotropic receptors and odorant receptors"</a>. <i>Cell and Tissue Research</i>. <b>383</b> (1): 7–19. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00441-020-03363-x">10.1007/s00441-020-03363-x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7873100">7873100</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33502604">33502604</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+and+Tissue+Research&rft.atitle=Functional+properties+of+insect+olfactory+receptors%3A+Ionotropic+receptors+and+odorant+receptors&rft.volume=383&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=7-19&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7873100%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33502604&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs00441-020-03363-x&rft.aulast=Wicher&rft.aufirst=D.&rft.au=Miazzi%2C+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7873100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrandRobertsonLinPothula2018" class="citation journal cs1">Brand, Philipp; Robertson, Hugh M.; Lin, Wei; Pothula, Ratnasri; Klingeman, William E.; Jurat-Fuentes, Juan Luis; Johnson, Brian R. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6080948">"The origin of the odorant receptor gene family in insects"</a>. <i>eLife</i>. <b>7</b>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7554%2FeLife.38340">10.7554/eLife.38340</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6080948">6080948</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30063003">30063003</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=eLife&rft.atitle=The+origin+of+the+odorant+receptor+gene+family+in+insects&rft.volume=7&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6080948%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30063003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7554%2FeLife.38340&rft.aulast=Brand&rft.aufirst=Philipp&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Hugh+M.&rft.au=Lin%2C+Wei&rft.au=Pothula%2C+Ratnasri&rft.au=Klingeman%2C+William+E.&rft.au=Jurat-Fuentes%2C+Juan+Luis&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Brian+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6080948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnodgrass2018" class="citation book cs1">Snodgrass, R. E. (31 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jrdcDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22as+they+are+often+supposed+to+be%2C+since+the+true+exopodite+of+Crustacea+%22&pg=PA271"><i>Principles of Insect Morphology</i></a>. Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781501717918" title="Special:BookSources/9781501717918"><bdi>9781501717918</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Principles+of+Insect+Morphology&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2018-05-31&rft.isbn=9781501717918&rft.aulast=Snodgrass&rft.aufirst=R.+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjrdcDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522as%2Bthey%2Bare%2Boften%2Bsupposed%2Bto%2Bbe%252C%2Bsince%2Bthe%2Btrue%2Bexopodite%2Bof%2BCrustacea%2B%2522%26pg%3DPA271&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMendes1990" class="citation web cs1">Mendes, Luís F. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z_9MAAAAYAAJ&dq=Machilidae+%22coxal+stylets+never+appear+in+the+P+I%22+%22and+in+some+other+genera+in+P+III+only%22&pg=PA18">"An Annotated List of Generic and Specific Names of Machilidae (Microcoryphia, Insecta) with Identification Keys for the Genera and Geographical Notes"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An+Annotated+List+of+Generic+and+Specific+Names+of+Machilidae+%28Microcoryphia%2C+Insecta%29+with+Identification+Keys+for+the+Genera+and+Geographical+Notes&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Mendes&rft.aufirst=Lu%C3%ADs+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ_9MAAAAYAAJ%26dq%3DMachilidae%2B%2522coxal%2Bstylets%2Bnever%2Bappear%2Bin%2Bthe%2BP%2BI%2522%2B%2522and%2Bin%2Bsome%2Bother%2Bgenera%2Bin%2BP%2BIII%2Bonly%2522%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSturm1997" class="citation journal cs1">Sturm, Helmut (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25010224">"A New Subgenus and Two New Species of the Genus Machilinus (Meinertellidae, Archaeognatha = Microcoryphia, "Apterygota", Insecta) from Mexico"</a>. <i>Journal of the New York Entomological Society</i>. <b>105</b> (1/2): 15–23. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25010224">25010224</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+New+York+Entomological+Society&rft.atitle=A+New+Subgenus+and+Two+New+Species+of+the+Genus+Machilinus+%28Meinertellidae%2C+Archaeognatha+%3D+Microcoryphia%2C+%22Apterygota%22%2C+Insecta%29+from+Mexico&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.pages=15-23&rft.date=1997&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25010224%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Sturm&rft.aufirst=Helmut&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F25010224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGavinDavranoglou2023" class="citation book cs1">McGavin, George C.; Davranoglou, Leonidas-Romanos (4 January 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gAamEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22in+litter%2C+soil%2C+among+coastal+rocks+and+cliffs%2C+some+in+dry+regions%22&pg=PA39"><i>Essential Entomology</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-265483-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-265483-0"><bdi>978-0-19-265483-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essential+Entomology&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2023-01-04&rft.isbn=978-0-19-265483-0&rft.aulast=McGavin&rft.aufirst=George+C.&rft.au=Davranoglou%2C+Leonidas-Romanos&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgAamEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522in%2Blitter%252C%2Bsoil%252C%2Bamong%2Bcoastal%2Brocks%2Band%2Bcliffs%252C%2Bsome%2Bin%2Bdry%2Bregions%2522%26pg%3DPA39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavies2013" class="citation book cs1">Davies, R. G. (11 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sm3uCAAAQBAJ&dq=%22archaeognatha%22+%22nine+pairs+of+spiracles%22&pg=PA124"><i>Outlines of Entomology</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789401705080" title="Special:BookSources/9789401705080"><bdi>9789401705080</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Outlines+of+Entomology&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2013-11-11&rft.isbn=9789401705080&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=R.+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dsm3uCAAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522archaeognatha%2522%2B%2522nine%2Bpairs%2Bof%2Bspiracles%2522%26pg%3DPA124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Ent-Abhandlungen-Dresden_61_0119-0172.pdf">Proceedings of the 1st Dresden Meeting on Insect Phylogeny: "Phylogenetic Relationships within the Insect Orders". (Dresden, September 19-21, 2003)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbottAbbott2020" class="citation book cs1">Abbott, John C.; Abbott, Kendra (13 October 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IEvyDwAAQBAJ&dq=%22bristletails%22+molting+anchor+themselves&pg=PA40"><i>Common Insects of Texas and Surrounding States</i></a>. University of Texas Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781477310359" title="Special:BookSources/9781477310359"><bdi>9781477310359</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Common+Insects+of+Texas+and+Surrounding+States&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2020-10-13&rft.isbn=9781477310359&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+Kendra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIEvyDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%2522bristletails%2522%2Bmolting%2Banchor%2Bthemselves%26pg%3DPA40&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BlankeEtal-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BlankeEtal_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlankeMachidaSzucsichWilde2015" class="citation journal cs1">Blanke, Alexander; Machida, Ryuichiro; Szucsich, Nikolaus Urban; Wilde, Fabian; Misof, Bernhard (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12107">"Mandibles with two joints evolved much earlier in the history of insects: Dicondyly is a synapomorphy of bristletails, silverfish and winged insects"</a>. <i>Systematic Entomology</i>. <b>40</b> (2): 357–364. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015SysEn..40..357B">2015SysEn..40..357B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fsyen.12107">10.1111/syen.12107</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:85309726">85309726</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Systematic+Entomology&rft.atitle=Mandibles+with+two+joints+evolved+much+earlier+in+the+history+of+insects%3A+Dicondyly+is+a+synapomorphy+of+bristletails%2C+silverfish+and+winged+insects&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=357-364&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A85309726%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fsyen.12107&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015SysEn..40..357B&rft.aulast=Blanke&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft.au=Machida%2C+Ryuichiro&rft.au=Szucsich%2C+Nikolaus+Urban&rft.au=Wilde%2C+Fabian&rft.au=Misof%2C+Bernhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1111%2Fsyen.12107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Liddell1889-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Liddell1889_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFH._G._Liddell1889" class="citation book cs1">H. G. Liddell (1889). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3tKwYgEACAAJ"><i>An Intermediate Greek-English Lexicon: Based on the 7th Ed of Liddell & Scott's Lexicon</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Intermediate+Greek-English+Lexicon%3A+Based+on+the+7th+Ed+of+Liddell+%26+Scott%27s+Lexicon.&rft.date=1889&rft.au=H.+G.+Liddell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3tKwYgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Song-eal-2011-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Song-eal-2011_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSongHuangLiang2011" class="citation journal cs1">Song, Zhi-Shun; Huang, Fu-Sheng; Liang, Ai-Ping (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2822.1.4">"<i>Machilontus (s. str.) medogensis</i> Song & Huang, sp. nov. from Tibet, the northernmost record of the genus <i>Machilontis</i> Silvestri, 1912 and the first record of the family Meinertellidae (Insecta: Microcoryphia: Machiloidea) in China"</a>. <i>Zootaxa</i>. <b>2822</b>: 61. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11646%2Fzootaxa.2822.1.4">10.11646/zootaxa.2822.1.4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zootaxa&rft.atitle=Machilontus+%28s.+str.%29+medogensis+Song+%26+Huang%2C+sp.+nov.+from+Tibet%2C+the+northernmost+record+of+the+genus+Machilontis+Silvestri%2C+1912+and+the+first+record+of+the+family+Meinertellidae+%28Insecta%3A+Microcoryphia%3A+Machiloidea%29+in+China&rft.volume=2822&rft.pages=61&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.11646%2Fzootaxa.2822.1.4&rft.aulast=Song&rft.aufirst=Zhi-Shun&rft.au=Huang%2C+Fu-Sheng&rft.au=Liang%2C+Ai-Ping&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biotaxa.org%2FZootaxa%2Farticle%2Fview%2Fzootaxa.2822.1.4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalkerChurchWoodheadSutherland2013" class="citation journal cs1">Walker, Andrew A.; Church, Jeffrey S.; Woodhead, Andrea L.; Sutherland, Tara D. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S096517481300057X">"Silverfish silk is formed by entanglement of randomly coiled protein chains"</a>. <i>Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology</i>. <b>43</b> (7): 572–579. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013IBMB...43..572W">2013IBMB...43..572W</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ibmb.2013.03.014">10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.03.014</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23578395">23578395</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Insect+Biochemistry+and+Molecular+Biology&rft.atitle=Silverfish+silk+is+formed+by+entanglement+of+randomly+coiled+protein+chains&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=572-579&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23578395&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ibmb.2013.03.014&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013IBMB...43..572W&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Andrew+A.&rft.au=Church%2C+Jeffrey+S.&rft.au=Woodhead%2C+Andrea+L.&rft.au=Sutherland%2C+Tara+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fpii%2FS096517481300057X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlassMatushkina2012" class="citation journal cs1">Klass, Klaus-Dieter; Matushkina, Natalia A. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1467803912000576">"The exoskeleton of the female genitalic region in Petrobiellus takunagae (Insecta: Archaeognatha): Insect-wide terminology, homologies, and functional interpretations"</a>. <i>Arthropod Structure & Development</i>. <b>41</b> (6): 575–591. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012ArtSD..41..575K">2012ArtSD..41..575K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.asd.2012.06.003">10.1016/j.asd.2012.06.003</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22766521">22766521</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arthropod+Structure+%26+Development&rft.atitle=The+exoskeleton+of+the+female+genitalic+region+in+Petrobiellus+takunagae+%28Insecta%3A+Archaeognatha%29%3A+Insect-wide+terminology%2C+homologies%2C+and+functional+interpretations&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=575-591&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22766521&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.asd.2012.06.003&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2012ArtSD..41..575K&rft.aulast=Klass&rft.aufirst=Klaus-Dieter&rft.au=Matushkina%2C+Natalia+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fpii%2FS1467803912000576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArchaeognatha" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senckenberg.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/abstracts_9th-dresden-meeting-on-insect-phylogeny_2019.pdf">9th Dresden Meeting on Insect Phylogeny 2019</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Archaeognatha">Archaeognatha</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Archaeognatha" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Archaeognatha">Archaeognatha</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tolweb.org/tree?group=Archaeognatha&contgroup=Insecta">Archaeognatha</a> - Tree of Life Web Project</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100615151356/http://www.idlab.ento.vt.edu/IDLab/insect_orders/microcoryphia.html">Microcoryphia</a> Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State College Department of Entomology<sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2015">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Insect_orders" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orders_of_Insects" title="Template:Orders of Insects"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orders_of_Insects" title="Template talk:Orders of Insects"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orders_of_Insects" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orders of Insects"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Insect_orders" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">Insect</a> <a href="/wiki/Category:Insect_orders" title="Category:Insect orders">orders</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">Arthropoda</a></li> <li>(unranked): <a href="/wiki/Pancrustacea" title="Pancrustacea">Pancrustacea</a></li> <li>Subphylum: <a href="/wiki/Hexapoda" title="Hexapoda">Hexapoda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Extant" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Monocondylia" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Monocondylia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Archaeognatha <small>(jumping bristletails)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insect_collage.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Insect_collage.png/75px-Insect_collage.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Insect_collage.png/113px-Insect_collage.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Insect_collage.png/150px-Insect_collage.png 2x" data-file-width="2967" data-file-height="2887" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Dicondylia" title="Dicondylia">D<br />i<br />c<br />o<br />n<br />d<br />y<br />l<br />i<br />a</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zygentoma" title="Zygentoma">Zygentoma <small>(silverfish, firebrats)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Pterygota" title="Pterygota">P<br />t<br />e<br />r<br />y<br />g<br />o<br />t<br />a</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Palaeoptera" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Palaeoptera" title="Palaeoptera">Palaeoptera</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mayfly" title="Mayfly">Ephemeropteroidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayfly" title="Mayfly">Ephemeroptera <small>(mayflies)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Odonatoptera" title="Odonatoptera">Odonatoptera</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odonata" title="Odonata">Odonata <small>(dragonflies, damselflies)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Neoptera" title="Neoptera">N<br />e<br />o<br />p<br />t<br />e<br />r<br />a</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Polyneoptera" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Polyneoptera" title="Polyneoptera">Polyneoptera</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plecoptera" title="Plecoptera">Plecoptera <small>(stoneflies)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earwig" title="Earwig">Dermaptera <small>(earwigs)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embioptera" title="Embioptera">Embioptera <small>(webspinners)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phasmatodea" title="Phasmatodea">Phasmatodea <small>(stick and leaf insects)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthoptera" title="Orthoptera">Orthoptera <small>(crickets, wetas, grasshoppers, locusts)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoraptera" title="Zoraptera">Zoraptera <small>(angel insects)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Notoptera" title="Notoptera">Notoptera<br /><small>(Xenonomia)</small></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grylloblattidae" title="Grylloblattidae">Grylloblattodea <small>(ice-crawlers)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantophasmatidae" title="Mantophasmatidae">Mantophasmatodea <small>(gladiators)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dictyoptera" title="Dictyoptera">Dictyoptera</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blattodea" title="Blattodea">Blattodea <small>(cockroaches, termites)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantis" title="Mantis">Mantodea <small>(mantises)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Eumetabola" title="Eumetabola">E<br />u<br />m<br />e<br />t<br />a<br />b<br />o<br />l<br />a</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Paraneoptera_*" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Paraneoptera" title="Paraneoptera">Paraneoptera</a></i><abbr title="Eumetabola = (Psocodea + (rest of Paraneoptera + Holometabola))"> *</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psocodea" title="Psocodea">Psocodea <small>(barklice, lice)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrips" title="Thrips">Thysanoptera <small>(thrips)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemiptera" title="Hemiptera">Hemiptera <small>(cicadas, aphids, true bugs)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.0em;text-align:center;font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Holometabola" title="Holometabola">H<br />o<br />l<br />o<br />m<br />e<br />t<br />a<br />b<br />o<br />l<br />a</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Hymenoptera" title="Hymenoptera">Hymenoptera <small>(sawflies, wasps, ants, bees)</small></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold">Neuropteroidea</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Coleopterida" title="Coleopterida">Coleopterida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strepsiptera" title="Strepsiptera">Strepsiptera <small>(twisted-winged parasites)</small></a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Beetle" title="Beetle">Coleoptera <small>(beetles)</small></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em"><a href="/wiki/Neuropterida" title="Neuropterida">Neuropterida</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snakefly" title="Snakefly">Raphidioptera <small>(snakeflies)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megaloptera" title="Megaloptera">Megaloptera <small>(alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuroptera" title="Neuroptera">Neuroptera <small>(net-winged insects: lacewings, mantidflies, antlions)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Panorpida" title="Panorpida">Panorpida<br /><small><span class="nobold">(Mecopterida)</span></small></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;line-height:2em;"><span class="nobold">Antliophora</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><abbr title="A clade comprising paraphyletic order Mecoptera and monophyletic order Siphonaptera."><i><a href="/wiki/Mecoptera" title="Mecoptera">Mecoptera <small>(scorpionflies)</small></a></i> + <a href="/wiki/Flea" title="Flea">Siphonaptera <small>(fleas)</small></a></abbr></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Fly" title="Fly">Diptera <small>(gnats, mosquitoes, flies)</small></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10em;line-height:2em;"><a href="/wiki/Amphiesmenoptera" title="Amphiesmenoptera">Amphiesmenoptera</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caddisfly" title="Caddisfly">Trichoptera <small>(caddisflies)</small></a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lepidoptera" title="Lepidoptera">Lepidoptera <small>(moths, butterflies)</small></a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-size:90%;"><div> <ul><li>Four most speciose orders are marked in <b>bold</b></li> <li><i>Italic</i> are paraphyletic groups</li> <li>Based on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/13/236">Sasaki <i>et al.</i> (2013)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Extinct" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extinct</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aethiocarenodea" class="mw-redirect" title="Aethiocarenodea">Aethiocarenodea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roachoid" title="Roachoid">Blattoptera <small>(roachoids)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caloneurodea" title="Caloneurodea">Caloneurodea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campylopteridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Campylopteridae">Campylopteridae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbotriplurida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbotriplurida (page does not exist)">Carbotriplurida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coxoplectoptera" title="Coxoplectoptera">Coxoplectoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diaphanopterodea" title="Diaphanopterodea">Diaphanopterodea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eoblattodea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eoblattodea (page does not exist)">Eoblattodea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eudiaphanoptera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eudiaphanoptera (page does not exist)">Eudiaphanoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geroptera" class="mw-redirect" title="Geroptera">Geroptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glosselytrodea" title="Glosselytrodea">Glosselytrodea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heraridea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heraridea (page does not exist)">Heraridea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypoperlida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypoperlida (page does not exist)">Hypoperlida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapeyriidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Lapeyriidae">Lapeyriidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meganisoptera" title="Meganisoptera">Meganisoptera <small>(griffinflies)</small></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megasecoptera" title="Megasecoptera">Megasecoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miomoptera" title="Miomoptera">Miomoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaeodictyoptera" title="Palaeodictyoptera">Palaeodictyoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paoliida" title="Paoliida">Paoliida</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Permoplectoptera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Permoplectoptera (page does not exist)">Permoplectoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permothemistida" title="Permothemistida">Permothemistida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protanisoptera" class="mw-redirect" title="Protanisoptera">Protanisoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protelytroptera" title="Protelytroptera">Protelytroptera</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protephemerida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protephemerida (page does not exist)">Protephemerida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protorthoptera" title="Protorthoptera">Protorthoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protozygoptera" class="mw-redirect" title="Protozygoptera">Protozygoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syntonoptera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syntonoptera (page does not exist)">Syntonoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanoptera" title="Titanoptera">Titanoptera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triadophlebioptera" class="mw-redirect" title="Triadophlebioptera">Triadophlebioptera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beetle_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Beetle_icon.svg/25px-Beetle_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Beetle_icon.svg/38px-Beetle_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Beetle_icon.svg/50px-Beetle_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="143" data-file-height="159" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Insects" title="Portal:Insects">Insects portal</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Insecta" class="extiw" title="species:Insecta">Wikispecies</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Extant_Archaeognatha_families" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Archaeognatha" title="Template:Archaeognatha"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Archaeognatha" title="Template talk:Archaeognatha"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Archaeognatha" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Archaeognatha"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Extant_Archaeognatha_families" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Archaeognatha</a> families</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li> <li>Phylum: <a href="/wiki/Arthropod" title="Arthropod">Arthropoda</a></li> <li>Class: <a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">Insecta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Machilidae" title="Machilidae">Machilidae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meinertellidae" title="Meinertellidae">Meinertellidae <small>(rock bristletails)</small></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Archaeognatha</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637179" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q637179">Q637179</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Archaeognatha" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Archaeognatha">Archaeognatha</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Archaeognatha/">Archaeognatha</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Archaeognatha">Archaeognatha</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=87070">87070</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/QP">QP</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/1099">1099</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1ARGNO">1ARGNO</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/1187">1187</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/461443">461443</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10216">10216</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=624281">624281</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NBNSYS0100001628">NBNSYS0100001628</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=29994">29994</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/d15905e3-cf20-42ce-aafc-d20b9423b104">d15905e3-cf20-42ce-aafc-d20b9423b104</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=388213">388213</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=183851">183851</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plazi" title="Plazi">Plazi</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0394A359-2F66-8E1F-017E-FD6FFBF8FCED">0394A359-2F66-8E1F-017E-FD6FFBF8FCED</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=118084">118084</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Microcoryphia</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19962575" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q19962575">Q19962575</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BugGuide" title="BugGuide">BugGuide</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bugguide.net/node/view/80">80</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:13900">13900</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea (new)</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/fa7d5873-9478-4310-94ae-0ffc2cccf2bf">fa7d5873-9478-4310-94ae-0ffc2cccf2bf</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=685009">685009</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=267420">267420</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plazi" title="Plazi">Plazi</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://treatment.plazi.org/id/667C87C4-BE0A-6A08-FF4E-9AE74C16FCCE">667C87C4-BE0A-6A08-FF4E-9AE74C16FCCE</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637179#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4659757-8">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007539843405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&oldid=1254045436">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&oldid=1254045436</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Archaeognatha" title="Category:Archaeognatha">Archaeognatha</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Insect_orders" title="Category:Insect orders">Insect orders</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Insects_of_the_Arctic" title="Category:Insects of the Arctic">Insects of the Arctic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Middle_Devonian_first_appearances" title="Category:Middle Devonian first appearances">Middle Devonian first appearances</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_%27species%27_microformats" title="Category:Articles with 'species' microformats">Articles with 'species' microformats</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ancient_Greek_(to_1453)-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text">Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_January_2015" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from January 2015">Articles with dead external links from January 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Taxonbars_with_multiple_manual_Wikidata_items" title="Category:Taxonbars with multiple manual Wikidata items">Taxonbars with multiple manual Wikidata items</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 29 October 2024, at 04:50<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Archaeognatha&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-gxt7r","wgBackendResponseTime":1873,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.202","walltime":"1.677","ppvisitednodes":{"value":17909,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":257359,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":25787,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":24,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":24,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":109049,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":22,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1566.722 1 -total"," 25.49% 399.322 1 Template:Automatic_taxobox"," 21.88% 342.876 1 Template:Taxonbar"," 14.35% 224.842 1 Template:Reflist"," 9.57% 149.895 1 Template:Fossil_range"," 9.10% 142.519 1 Template:Orders_of_Insects"," 8.89% 139.279 16 Template:Navbox"," 8.87% 139.040 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 8.86% 138.773 4 Template:Langx"," 8.63% 135.241 10 Template:Cite_book"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.837","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":21666905,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-gxt7r","timestamp":"20241128021558","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Archaeognatha","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Archaeognatha","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q637179","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q637179","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-07-01T23:25:16Z","dateModified":"2024-10-29T04:50:33Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/45\/Rock_bristletail.JPG","headline":"order of insects"}</script> </body> </html>