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Williams]]''' | party1 = Democratic Party (United States) | popular_vote1 = '''1,157,074''' | percentage1 = '''54.02%''' | image2 = Nelson Gross 1970 (cropped).jpg | nominee2 = [[Nelson G. Gross]] | party2 = Republican Party (United States) | popular_vote2 = 903,026 | percentage2 = 42.16% | map_image = 1970 United States Senate election in New Jersey results map by county.svg | map_size = 280px | map_caption = County results<br />'''Williams''': {{legend0|#a5b0ff|40–50%}} {{legend0|#7996e2|50–60%}} {{legend0|#6674de|60–70%}}<br />'''Gross''': {{legend0|#ffb2b2|40–50%}} {{legend0|#e27f7f|50–60%}} | title = U.S. senator | before_election = [[Harrison A. Williams]] | before_party = Democratic Party (US) | after_election = [[Harrison A. Williams]] | after_party = Democratic Party (US) }} {{Elections in New Jersey}} The '''1970 United States Senate election in New Jersey''' was held on November 3, 1970. Incumbent [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] [[Harrison A. Williams]] defeated [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee [[Nelson G. Gross]] with 54.02% of the vote. [[Partisan primary|Primary election]]s were held on June 2, 1970.<ref name="New Jersey">{{cite web|url=https://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/assets/pdf/election-results/1920-1970//1970-primary-election.pdf |title=1970 Primary Election Results |publisher=[[Secretary of State of New Jersey]] |year=1970 |access-date=May 4, 2019}}</ref> Williams held off a challenge from the Hudson County party organization in the form of State Senator [[Frank Guarini]], while Gross prevailed over two candidates without organizational support.<ref name=primary>{{cite news|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|title=Williams and Gross Win Jersey Senate Primaries|last=Sullivan|first=Ronald|date=3 Jun 1970|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/03/archives/williams-and-gross-win-jersey-senate-primaries-williams-and-gross.html|access-date=23 Mar 2022}}</ref> ==Democratic primary== ===Candidates=== *[[Frank Joseph Guarini]], [[New Jersey Senate|State Senator]] from [[Hudson County, New Jersey|Hudson County]] *[[Harrison A. Williams]], incumbent [[United States Senate|United States Senator]] ===Campaign=== Guarini ran as the candidate of the powerful [[Hudson County, New Jersey|Hudson County]] Democratic machine.<ref name=nyt4.9/> As in 1958, the machine hoped to defeat Williams by running up a large margin in Hudson County, which accounted for the majority of the state's Democratic vote.<ref name=primary/> Guarini campaigned on themes that echoed Republican President Richard Nixon's 1968 campaign, calling himself a candidate who would uphold “law and order” and a champion of the “silent majority” and the “forgotten taxpayer."<ref name=primary/> Guarini also emphasized his Italian ancestry.<ref name=nyt5.31>{{cite news|title=Williams and Gross Favored in Jersey|date=31 May 1970|access-date=23 Mar 2022|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/05/31/archives/williams-and-cross-favored-in-jersey.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|last=Sullivan|first=Ronald}}</ref> In a May interview with ''[[The New York Times]]'', Williams confessed to past struggles resulting from [[alcoholism]] and said that he had been 18 months sober, which prompted Guarini campaign manager [[Arthur J. Sills]] to claim the party should not "risk" supporting a former alcoholic.<ref name=nyt5.31/> Sills was rebuked by most of the state's Democratic leadership, including former governor [[Richard J. Hughes]], under whom Sills had served as Attorney General. Hughes praised Williams's "courage," denounced both Sills and Guarini for trying to inject “the meanest kind of issue” into the race and called Guarini “someone who crawled out of the woodwork.”<ref name=primary/> Hughes further suggested Sills, who was confined to a wheelchair with [[poliomyelitis]], “ought to be the last man in the world to hurt anybody with a disease, illness or handicap.”<ref name=nyt5.31/> Of all primary candidates in either party, Williams took the strongest stance against the Vietnam War; he called for unilateral American withdrawal within one year.<ref name=primary/> Guarini also supported withdrawal but contended that the United States should have gone into Vietnam to win instead of “tying the generals' hands.”<ref name=primary/> Williams had the unified support of organized labor, possibly owing to his position as potential chair of the Senate Committee on Labor and Welfare in the next term.<ref name=nyt5.31/><ref name=primary/> ===Results=== {{Election box begin no change | title = Democratic primary results<ref name="New Jersey"/> }} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change | candidate = [[Harrison A. Williams]] (incumbent) | party = Democratic Party (United States) | votes = 190,692 | percentage = 65.59 }} {{Election box candidate with party link no change | candidate = [[Frank Joseph Guarini]] | party = Democratic Party (United States) | votes = 100,045 | percentage = 34.41 }} {{Election box total no change | votes = 290,737 | percentage = 100.00 }} {{Election box end}} Williams won the primary easily; he nearly finished even with Guarini in Hudson County.<ref name=primary/> ==Republican primary== ===Candidates=== *Joseph T. Gavin *[[Nelson G. Gross]], [[Saddle River, New Jersey|Saddle River]] attorney, former chairman of the [[New Jersey Republican State Committee]], and former State Assemblyman *James A. Quaremba, [[Ridgewood, New Jersey|Ridgewood]] attorney<ref name=primary/> ====Declined==== *[[Joseph Maraziti]], State Senator from [[Morris County, New Jersey|Morris County]]<ref name=nyt4.9>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/04/09/archives/gross-quits-as-gop-chairman-in-jersey-to-run-for-the-senate.html|title=GROSS QUITS AS G.O.P. CHAIRMAN IN JERSEY TO RUN FOR THE SENATE|date=9 Apr 1970|access-date=20 Aug 2021|page=44|work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> ===Campaign=== Nelson Gross resigned his position as party chairman on April 9 to enter the race for Senate with the full-backing of Governor [[William T. Cahill]]. Cahill's support discouraged any serious contenders from challenging Gross in the primary.<ref name=nyt4.9/> Gross also had the support of President Richard Nixon, for whom he had helped secure the Republican nomination in 1968.<ref name=primary/> Gross was nonetheless privately criticized as a poor choice by some Republicans due to his ongoing investigation by the [[United States Department of Justice]] for involvement with a Mafia-backed labor union. The investigation was led by U.S. Attorney [[Frederick Bernard Lacey]], who had been personally recommended to the Nixon administration by Senator [[Clifford Case]]. Case and Gross had been on uneven terms since Gross undermined Case's "favorite son" status at the [[1968 Republican National Convention]] by bringing Bergen County delegates into the Nixon column.<ref name=nyt4.9/> On the war issue, Gross advocated for congressional restriction on the American incursion into Cambodia, but withheld calling for unilateral withdrawal, pending a fact-finding trip he pledged to take after the primary.<ref name=primary/> Quaremba defended the Nixon administration's policy.<ref name=nyt5.31/> Quaremba emphasized his Italian ancestry in the campaign.<ref name=nyt5.31/> Joseph Gavin did not campaign actively. He ran only to provide a Senate heading on the ballot line for Assemblyman Walter T. Smith, who was running for the U.S. House of Representatives.<ref name=primary/><ref name=nyt5.31/> By the end of the campaign, observers said that Gross had an "insurmountable" lead over Quaremba.<ref name=nyt5.31/> He largely ignored Quaremba's campaign and spent the final week of the primary filming television ads for the general election.<ref name=nyt5.31/> ===Results=== {{Election box begin no change | title = Republican primary results<ref name="New Jersey"/> }} {{Election box winning candidate with party link no change | candidate = [[Nelson G. Gross]] | party = Republican Party (United States) | votes = 150,662 | percentage = 65.39% }} {{Election box candidate with party link no change | candidate = James A. Quaremba | party = Republican Party (United States) | votes = 43,547 | percentage = 18.90% }} {{Election box candidate with party link no change | candidate = Joseph T. Gavin | party = Republican Party (United States) | votes = 36,208 | percentage = 15.71% }} {{Election box total no change | votes = 230,417 | percentage = 100.00 }} {{Election box end}} ==General election== ===Candidates=== *Nelson G. Gross, former chairman of the [[New Jersey Republican State Committee]] and State Assemblyman (Republican) *Joseph F. Job, Bergen County Sheriff (Independent)<ref>{{cite news|title=Bergen Sheriff Plans to Run For Senate as Independent|date=23 Apr 1970|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/04/23/archives/bergen-sheriff-plans-to-run-for-senate-as-independent.html|work=[[The New York Times]]|page=29|access-date=20 Aug 2021}}</ref> *Jules Levin (Socialist Labor) *Joseph S. Mans (Independent) *William J. O'Grady (Independent) *Harrison A. Williams, incumbent Senator since 1959 (Democratic) ===Campaign=== [[File:Nelson Gross and Richard Nixon 1970.jpg|thumb|left|Gross campaigned with President [[Richard Nixon]] in [[Ocean Grove, New Jersey|Ocean Grove]] on October 17.]] Gross assailed Williams as a "radical liberal" and implied that he was involved in "influence peddling" for having sponsored special bills for about 70 Chinese seamen who jumped ship in the United States.<ref name=nyt10.15>{{cite news|title=Test for G.O.P. in Jersey|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/10/15/archives/test-for-gop-in-jersey-williams-given-edge-in-senate-race-but-will.html|date=15 Oct 1970|access-date=20 Aug 2021|last=Sullivan|first=Ronald|work=[[The New York Times]]|page=53}}</ref> In mid-October, President [[Richard Nixon]] campaigned for Gross as part of a one-day swing through Pennsylvania, Vermont, Wisconsin and New Jersey.<ref name=nyt10.15/> ===Debates=== Williams declined numerous calls for debates.<ref name=nyt10.15/> ===Endorsements=== {{Endorsements box | title = Harrison Williams | list = '''Newspapers''' *''[[The New York Times]]''<ref>{{cite news|title= The New Jersey Senate Race|date=19 Oct 1970|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/10/19/archives/the-new-jersey-senate-race.html|access-date=20 Aug 2021|work=[[The New York Times]]|quote=In our opinion, the case for the re‐election of Senator Williams is clear and persuasive... Senator Williams is far and away the better choice.}}</ref> *''[[The Times (Trenton)|The Trenton Times]]''<ref name=nyt10.26>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/10/26/archives/gross-vows-to-seek-us-aid-for-jersey.html|title=Gross Vows to Seek U.S. Aid for Jersey|date=26 Oct 1970|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=20 Aug 2021|page=44}}</ref> *''[[The Star-Ledger]]''<ref name=nyt10.26/> }} {{Endorsements box | title = Nelson Gross | list = '''U.S. executive branch officials''' *[[Richard Nixon]], 37th president of the United States<ref name=nyt10.15/> '''Newspapers''' *''The Hackensack Record''<ref name=nyt10.26/> *''The Newark Sunday News''<ref name=nyt10.26/> }} ===Polling=== {| class="wikitable" |- valign= bottom ! Poll source ! Date(s)<br />administered ! {{Small|Sample<br />size}} ! {{Small|Margin of}}<br />error ! style="width:100px;"| Harrison<br />Williams (D) ! style="width:100px;"| Nelson<br />Gross (R) ! Other ! Undecided |- | [[National Republican Senatorial Committee|RSCC]]<ref name=nyt10.15/>{{efn|Poll released by the Gross campaign.}} | align=center| October 15, 1970 | align=center| ? | align=center| ± ?% | {{party shading/Democratic}} align=center| '''36%''' | align=center| 32% | align=center| 3% | align=center| 29% |} {{notelist}} ===Results=== {{Election box begin | title=1970 United States Senate election in New Jersey<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.state.nj.us/state/elections/assets/pdf/election-results/1920-1970//1970-general-election.pdf |title=1970 General Election Results |publisher=[[Secretary of State of New Jersey]] |year=1970 |access-date=May 4, 2019}}</ref>}} {{Election box winning candidate with party link| | party = Democratic Party (United States) | candidate = [[Harrison A. Williams]] (incumbent) | votes = 1,157,074 | percentage = 54.02% | change = {{decrease}} 7.89 }} {{Election box candidate with party link| | party = Republican Party (United States) | candidate = [[Nelson G. Gross]] | votes = 903,026 | percentage = 42.16% | change = {{increase}} 4.84 }} {{Election box candidate with party link| | party = Independent politician | candidate = Joseph F. Job | votes = 58,992 | percentage = 2.75% | change = N/A }} {{Election box candidate with party link| | party = Independent politician | candidate = William J. O'Grady | votes = 12,938 | percentage = 0.60% | change = N/A }} {{Election box candidate with party link| | party = Independent politician | candidate = Joseph S. Mans | votes = 6,066 | percentage = 0.28% | change = N/A }} {{Election box candidate with party link| | party = Socialist Labor Party of America | candidate = [[Jules Levin]] | votes = 4,009 | percentage = 0.19% | change = {{increase}} 0.11 }} {{Election box majority| | votes = 254,048 | percentage = | change = }} {{Election box turnout| | votes = 2,142,105 | percentage = | change = }} {{Election box hold with party link| | winner = Democratic Party (United States) | loser = | swing = }} {{Election box end}} ==References== {{Reflist}} {{United States elections, 1970}} [[Category:United States Senate elections in New Jersey|1970]] [[Category:1970 United States Senate elections|New Jersey]] [[Category:1970 New Jersey elections|United States Senate]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" 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