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You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details. </p> </div> <p>Other useful links: <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Global blocks">Global blocks</a> · <a href="/wiki/Help:I_have_been_blocked" title="Help:I have been blocked">Help:I have been blocked</a> </p> </div></li></ul><hr /> <div id="viewsourcetext">You can view and copy the source of this page:</div><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">===The early years=== Air Afrique was originally conceived in {{start date|df=yes|1960|2}} as a joint subsidiary of [[Air France]] and [[Union Aéromaritime de Transport]] (UAT) to take over the regional services these airlines had operated in [[Africa]].<ref name="FI1963-508" /> The new company was registered in September 1960 as ''Air Afrique (Société de Transports Aériens en Afrique)''.<ref name="FI1966-933"/>{{rp|933}} During the first conference of Francophone countries that was held in [[Abidjan]] in {{start date|df=yes|1960|10}}, the [[List of heads of state of Ivory Coast|Ivorian president]] [[Félix Houphouët-Boigny|Felix Houphouët Boigny]] recommended the constitution of a multinational airline for these countries. Eleven heads of state that attended to the next conference, held at [[Brazzaville]] in {{MONTHNAME|12}} the same year, agreed to form the company. [[Gambia]], [[Ghana]] and [[Mali]] decided to stay away from the project, as they had plans for setting up their own airlines with aid from the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]]s. The formation of the company took place during the third conference, held at [[Yaoundé]] in early 1961: ''Air Afrique (Société de Transports Aériens en Afrique)'' changed its name to ''Société pour le Développement du Transport Aérien en Afrique (SODETRAF)''; the eleven countries and SODETRAF would set up the new airline.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=81}} The ''Treaty of Yaoundé'', signed on {{start date|1961|3|28|df=y}},{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=81}} founded Air Afrique as a [[joint venture]] between Air France and UAT, each of which had a 17% holding,<ref name="FI1963-508"/><ref name="FI1966-933"/>{{rp|933}}<ref name="FI1963-629" /> while the eleven newly independent former [[French colonial empire|French colonies]] in West Africa, namely [[Benin]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Cameroon]], [[Central African Republic]], [[Chad]], [[Ivory Coast|Côte d'Ivoire]], [[Gabon]], [[Mauritania]], [[Niger]], the [[Republic of the Congo]] and [[Senegal]],<ref name="Troubles Tarnish a Once-Shining African Airline"/> contributed with the remaining 66% of the capital,<ref name="FI1963-508"/> estimated in 500&nbsp;millions of [[CFA franc]]s.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=81}} [[Léopoldine Doualla-Bell Smith]], a flight attendant, was invited to move to Air Afrique in 1960; she was then the only qualified African person in French aviation, and thus became the first employee hired by Air Afrique.<ref name="issuu1">{{cite web|url=http://issuu.com/denverurbanspectrum/docs/dus_march_2015/4 |title=Denver Urban Spectrum March 2015 by Denver Urban Spectrum |date=28 February 2015 |publisher=ISSUU |access-date=15 April 2015}}</ref> [[File:Douglas DC-6B F-BGSN Air Afrique RWY 22.09.63 edited-3.jpg|thumb|right|Air Afrique [[Douglas DC-6]]B at [[Manchester Airport]] in 1963]] Cheikh Fall was appointed as the first [[CEO]] of the company on {{start date|1961|6|25|df=yes}}.<ref name="Cheikh Fall, premier PDG d'Air Afrique"/> It started operations on {{start date|1961|8|1|df=yes}} serving internal routes with 12 leased [[DC-4]]s from Air France and UAT.<ref name="FI1966-933"/>{{rp|933}}<ref name="FI2000-57" /> On {{start date|1961|10|15|df=yes}}, an Air France [[Lockheed Constellation]] that flew the [[Paris]]–[[Port Etienne]]–[[Dakar]]–Abidjan–[[Cotonou]]–[[Douala]] route on behalf of the company inaugurated the [[long-haul]] operations.<ref name="FI1966-933"/>{{rp|933}} Pressurised Douglas DC-6 aircraft were added to the fleet in the early 1960s, also leased from UAT.<ref name="FI1962-551/2" />{{rp|552}} On {{start date|1962|1|5|df=yes}}, the carrier deployed [[Boeing 707]]s, [[Aircraft lease|lease]]d from Air France, on the Paris–Dakar–Abidjan and the Paris–Douala–[[Brazzaville]] runs; these were the first [[jet aircraft]] introduced on the carrier's intercontinental routes.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Air Afrique Jet Services |journal=[[Flight International]] |date=1 February 1962 |page=162 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1962/1962%20-%200160.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105170815/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1962/1962%20-%200160.html |archive-date=5 November 2012 |access-date=20 January 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> Two [[DC-8]]s were the first jets ordered by the airline in {{MONTHNAME|12}} the same year.<ref name="FI1966-933"/>{{rp|933}} Also in 1962, the carrier became a member of the International Air Transport Association.<ref>{{cite journal|title=IATA Membership Changes|journal= Flight International|pages=999|date=28 June 1962|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1962/1962%20-%201001.html|access-date=1 May 2011|quote=Air Afrique has now joined IATA, becoming the 15th African airline to do so.}}</ref> {|class="wikitable sortable toccolours floatleft" style="font-size:85%;" |+Air Afrique founder/shareholder countries |- !Country !From !To |- |{{BEN}} || 1961||2002 |- |{{BFA}} || 1961||2002 |- |{{CMR}} || 1961||1971<ref name="FI1985-38/40" />{{rp|39}} |- |{{CAF}} || 1961||2002 |- |{{TCD}} || 1961||2002 |- |{{CIV}} || 1961||2002 |- |{{GAB}} || 1961||1976<ref name="FI1985-38/40" />{{rp|39}}{{#tag:ref|The year for the withdrawal of Gabon was also informed to be 1977.<ref name="FI1978-1125" />{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=84}}|group="nb"|name="Gabon"}} |- |{{MLI}} ||{{dunno}}||2002 |- |{{MTN}} || 1961||2002 |- |{{NER}} || 1961||2002 |- |{{COG}} || 1961||2002 |- |{{SEN}} || 1961||2002 |- |{{SLE}} || 1978<ref name="FI1979-1331" />||{{dunno}} |- |{{TGO}} || 1965<ref name="FI1969-553" />||2002 |} In {{start date|df=yes|1963|1}}, Cheikh Fall was appointed general manager of the company.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=81}} [[Union de Transports Aériens]] (UTA) was formed in {{start date|df=yes|1963|10}} from the [[merger]] of UAT and [[Transports Aériens Intercontinentaux]] (TAI).<ref name="FI1963-636" /> Following this, Air Afrique ownership was reorganised, with SODETRAF acquiring a 28% stake and the balance being held by the member states.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=81}}{{#tag:ref|SODETRAF was 75%-owned by UTA, while the remaining stake was held by Air France; this resulted in SODETRAF acquiring a 28% stake in the airline under a 15-year agreement, whereas the remaining 72% was held by the member states.<ref name="FI1975-177"/>|group="nb"}} The first DC-8 was delivered in {{start date|df=yes|1963|10}}, and entered service a month later;{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=81–82}} the second aircraft of the type was handed over in {{MONTHNAME|1}} the next year, being deployed on the route to [[Marseille]] late that month.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=82}} Air Afrique became the owner of its entire fleet in {{start date|df=yes|1963|11}}, following an agreement with UTA.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=82}} Also in 1963, [[Hajj]] flights, carrying pilgrims to [[Mecca]], commenced using the [[Lockheed L-1649 Starliner|Starliner]] aircraft.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=83}} In {{start date|df=yes|1964|4}}, Air Afrique was authorised to connect several African countries with the [[United States]] and in {{MONTHNAME|11}}, the Paris–Abidjan run started calling at [[Geneva]] on a weekly basis.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=82}} By {{start date|df=yes|1965|4}}, Air Afrique had 2,500 employees. At this time, there were two DC-8-50s in service, along with three DC-4s and four DC-6s.<ref name="FI1965-565" /> That month, the route to Paris, already stopping at Dakar and Geneva, began calling at [[Roberts International Airport|Robertsfield]]. A month later, Air Afrique passengers started flying to the [[United States]] allocated on [[Pan Am]] flights. Also in 1965, the company ordered two [[Sud Aviation Caravelle|Caravelle]]s; a third DC-8, a convertible (DC-8F) one that would be used to increase cargo capacity, was ordered in {{MONTHNAME|7}}. In 1966, the DC-8F entered the fleet and the carrier started withdrawing the DC-6s from service.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=82}} [[Togo]] became the {{ordinal|12}} state in joining the [[consortium]] in 1965,<ref name="FI1969-553" /> but it was not until 1968 that this country held a participation in the carrier.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=82}} By the mid-1960s, the carrier took over the Air France and UTA [[Aircraft maintenance|maintenance]] facilities located at [[Léopold Sédar Senghor International Airport|Dakar-Yoff Airport]]. There, the company carried out the maintenance for its aircraft (excluding the jet fleet) and also undertook maintenance works for foreign carriers, including [[Air Mauritanie]] and [[Air Senegal]], and even for air forces of neighbour countries. Another maintenance centre was located at [[Douala Airport]]. However, major maintenance works were provided by UAT at Le Bourget Airport.{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=83}} Air Afrique received two [[Caravelle 11R]]s, a mixed passenger-cargo version of the [[Caravelle 10R]],<ref>{{cite journal|title=Convertible Caravelle airborne |journal=[[Flight International]] |date=11 May 1967 |page=735 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%200753.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012065045/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%200753.html |archive-date=12 October 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> in {{start date|df=yes|1967|9}}.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Air transport |journal=[[Flight International]] |date=12 October 1967 |page=593 |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%201997.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012082907/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1967/1967%20-%201997.html |archive-date=12 October 2013 |quote=One of Air Afrique's newly delivered Sud Caravelle 11Rs, TU-TCY, on the [[Airport apron|apron]] at Abidjan during its positioning flight to Yaoundé, Cameroons{{sic}}, where it is now based. The airline's second 11R, TU-TCO, is based at Dakar. Both these Passenger - cargo Caravelle variants were flown out from Toulouse to Dakar via Casablanca on 22 September. |url-status=live }}</ref> Two DC-4s were sold at the time in order for the company to afford the costs of these new aircraft. The Caravelles were deployed on African routes, replacing the DC-6s. In 1968, another DC-8-50 joined the fleet. By then, the route network included 22 African countries, along with [[Bordeaux]], [[Lyon]], Marseille, [[Nice]] and Paris in France, Geneva in [[Switzerland]] and New York in the United States (in agreement with Pan Am).{{sfnp|Guttery|1998|p=83}} </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"></div><p id="mw-returnto">Return to <a href="/wiki/Air_Afrique" title="Air Afrique">Air Afrique</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Afrique">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Afrique</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air_Afrique&action=edit&section=2&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-g2nql","wgBackendResponseTime":261,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.074","walltime":"0.095","ppvisitednodes":{"value":418,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":17740,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6556,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":9,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":469,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 65.629 1 -total"," 99.88% 65.548 2 Template:Blocked_text"," 48.46% 31.802 1 Template:Colocationwebhost"," 43.99% 28.871 1 Template:Hidden"," 35.30% 23.166 2 Template:Replace"," 20.00% 13.127 1 Template:Hidden_begin"," 16.71% 10.965 1 Template:Tlx"," 1.85% 1.215 1 Template:Hidden_end"," 1.66% 1.087 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake"," 1.38% 0.904 1 MediaWiki:Wikimedia-globalblocking-blockedtext-mistake-email-steward"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.013","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1043289,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-g2nql","timestamp":"20241124162915","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>