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id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-História" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#História"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>História</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-História-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referências" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligações_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligações_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ligações externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligações_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">&</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 43 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B7%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A" title="رمز العطف اللاتيني — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رمز العطف اللاتيني" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%26" title="& — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="&" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Ампэрсанд — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ампэрсанд" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Амперсанд — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Амперсанд" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et" title="Et — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Et" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ampersand" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand — galês" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ampersand" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Og-tegn" title="Og-tegn — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Og-tegn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et-Zeichen" title="Et-Zeichen — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Et-Zeichen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ampersand" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaj-signo" title="Kaj-signo — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kaj-signo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%26" title="& — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="&" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ampersand" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et_ikur" title="Et ikur — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Et ikur" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF" title="امپرسند — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امپرسند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%26" title="& — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="&" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperluette" title="Esperluette — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Esperluette" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_comercial" title="E comercial — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="E comercial" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%26" title="& — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="&" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89s_jel" title="És jel — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="És jel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%BA%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4" title="Ամպերսանդ — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամպերսանդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersan" title="Ampersan — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ampersan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/E_commerciale" title="E commerciale — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="E commerciale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89" title="アンパサンド — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アンパサンド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%B0%ED%8D%BC%EC%83%8C%EB%93%9C" title="앰퍼샌드 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="앰퍼샌드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/%26" title="& — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="&" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersandas" title="Ampersandas — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ampersandas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Амперсанд — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Амперсанд" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersan" title="Ampersan — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ampersan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ampersand" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%26" title="& — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="&" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et" title="Et — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Et" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ampersand" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Амперсанд — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Амперсанд" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ampersand" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ampersand" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et-tecken" title="Et-tecken — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Et-tecken" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF" title="உம்மைக் குறி — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உம்மைக் குறி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="แอมเพอร์แซนด์ — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แอมเพอร์แซนด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve_(noktalama)" title="Ve (noktalama) — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ve (noktalama)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Амперсанд — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Амперсанд" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B3" title="Амперсанд темдег — kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Амперсанд темдег" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%26" title="& — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="&" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11213#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%26" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discuss%C3%A3o:%26&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussão sobre o conteúdo da 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lang="pt" dir="ltr"><table class="vertical-navbox nowraplinks" cellspacing="5" cellpadding="0" style="float:right;clear:right;width:20.8em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background-color: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f9f9f9); color:inherit; border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;min-width:20.8em;"><tbody><tr><th class="" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;">Sinais tipográficos</th> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding:0.1em; background-color:#CCCCCC; text-align: center;;">Sinais gráficos</th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em; ;"> <table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none;line-height:1.3em;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ap%C3%B3strofo" title="Apóstrofo">apóstrofo</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ’<b> </b>'</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%AAntese" title="Parêntese">parênteses</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ()</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Colchete" title="Colchete">colchetes ou parênteses retos</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> [ ]</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Chave_(pontua%C3%A7%C3%A3o)" title="Chave (pontuação)">chaves ou chavetas</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> {}</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Dois-pontos" title="Dois-pontos">dois-pontos</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> <b>:</b></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADrgula" title="Vírgula">vírgula</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> <b>,</b></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Travess%C3%A3o" title="Travessão">travessão</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> —</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Meia-risca" title="Meia-risca">meia-risca</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> –</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/H%C3%ADfen" title="Hífen">hífen</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ‐</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Retic%C3%AAncias" title="Reticências">reticências</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> …<span class="nowrap"> </span>...<span class="nowrap"> </span>. . .</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ponto_final" title="Ponto final">ponto final</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> .</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ponto_de_exclama%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Ponto de exclamação">ponto de exclamação</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> !</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pontos_de_interroga%C3%A7%C3%A3o_e_de_exclama%C3%A7%C3%A3o_invertidos" title="Pontos de interrogação e de exclamação invertidos">ponto de exclamação invertido</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ¡</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ponto_de_interroga%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Ponto de interrogação">ponto de interrogação</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ?</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Interrobangue" title="Interrobangue">interrobangue</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ‽</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pontos_de_interroga%C3%A7%C3%A3o_e_de_exclama%C3%A7%C3%A3o_invertidos" title="Pontos de interrogação e de exclamação invertidos">ponto de interrogação invertido</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ¿</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Til" title="Til">til</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ~</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ponto_e_v%C3%ADrgula" title="Ponto e vírgula">ponto e vírgula</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> <b>;</b></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Barra_(caractere)" title="Barra (caractere)">barra</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> /</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ponto_mediano" title="Ponto mediano">ponto mediano</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> <b>·</b></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Espa%C3%A7o_(sinal)" title="Espaço (sinal)">espaço</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> <span style="background-color: #CEEEF2"> </span>  <span style="background-color: #CEEEF2"> </span>  <span style="background-color: #CEEEF2"> </span></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding:0.1em; background-color:#CCCCCC; text-align: center;;">Símbolos matemáticos</th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em; ;"> <table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none;line-height:1.3em;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sinais_de_mais_e_menos#Sinal_de_mais" title="Sinais de mais e menos">mais</a> e de <a href="/wiki/Sinais_de_mais_e_menos#Sinal_de_menos" title="Sinais de mais e menos">menos</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> + −</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Multiplica%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Multiplicação">sinais de multiplicação</a> e <a href="/wiki/Divis%C3%A3o" title="Divisão">divisão</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> × ÷</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sinal_de_igual" title="Sinal de igual">sinal de igual</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> =</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sinal_de_mais_ou_menos" title="Sinal de mais ou menos">mais ou menos, menos ou mais</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ± ∓</td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding:0.1em;;background-color:#CCCCCC; text-align: center;;">Símbolos monetários</th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em; ;"> <table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none;line-height:1.3em;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Moeda_(tipografia)" title="Moeda (tipografia)">moeda</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ¤</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/D%C3%B3lar_(sinal)" title="Dólar (sinal)">Dólar/Peso</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> $</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/C%C3%AAntimo" title="Cêntimo">Cêntimo</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ¢</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Libra_esterlina" title="Libra esterlina">Libra esterlina</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> £</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Iene" title="Iene">Iene</a>/<a href="/wiki/Renminbi" title="Renminbi">Renminbi</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ¥</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> €</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Won" title="Won">Won</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ₩</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bitcoin" title="Bitcoin">Bitcoin</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ₿<b></b></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding:0.1em;;background-color:#CCCCCC; text-align: center;;">Outros sinais tipográficos</th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em; ;"> <table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none;line-height:1.3em;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">"E" comercial ou <i>ampersand</i></a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> &</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Asterisco" title="Asterisco">asterisco</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> *</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADmbolo_de_direitos_autorais" title="Símbolo de direitos autorais">símbolo de direitos autorais</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ©</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Marca_registrada" title="Marca registrada">marca registrada comercial</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ®</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/@" class="mw-redirect" title="@">arroba</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> @</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Aspas" title="Aspas">aspas</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> “”</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Barra_inversa" title="Barra inversa">barra inversa ou contrabarra</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> \</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"><i><a href="/wiki/Chevron_(tipografia)" title="Chevron (tipografia)">chevron</a></i></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> <></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ponto_lista" title="Ponto lista">ponto lista</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> •</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Obelisco_(tipografia)" title="Obelisco (tipografia)">obelisco</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> †<b> </b>‡</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Grau_(s%C3%ADmbolo)" title="Grau (símbolo)">grau</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> °</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Indicador_ordinal" title="Indicador ordinal">indicador ordinal</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> .º<b> </b>.ª</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Cerquilha" title="Cerquilha">cerquilha ou cardinal</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> #</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Plica" title="Plica">plica</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ′</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%A1grafo_(s%C3%ADmbolo)" title="Parágrafo (símbolo)">parágrafo</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> §</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9_de_mosca" title="Pé de mosca">pé de mosca</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ¶</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Porcentagem" title="Porcentagem">porcentagem</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> %</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Underscore" class="mw-redirect" title="Underscore">traço inferior</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> _</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Barra_vertical" title="Barra vertical">barra vertical ou <i>pipe</i></a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> |</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sinal_de_conclus%C3%A3o" title="Sinal de conclusão">sinal de conclusão</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> ∴</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Idem" title="Idem">sinal de idem</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> <b>”</b></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Dois_pontos_triangulares" title="Dois pontos triangulares">dois pontos triangulares</a></td><td style="text-align:right;font-size:125%;line-height:0.8em;vertical-align:middle;white-space:nowrap;"> <b>ː</b></td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <th class="" style="padding:0.1em;;background-color:#CCCCCC; text-align: center;;">Relacionados</th> </tr><tr> <td class="" style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em; ;"> <div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diacr%C3%ADtico" title="Diacrítico">diacríticos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_s%C3%ADmbolos_l%C3%B3gicos" title="Lista de símbolos lógicos">símbolos lógicos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_s%C3%ADmbolos_matem%C3%A1ticos" title="Lista de símbolos matemáticos">símbolos matemáticos</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Pontua%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Predefinição:Pontuação"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Pontua%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Predefinição Discussão:Pontuação"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Pontua%C3%A7%C3%A3o&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>&</b>, denominado <i><b>ampersand</b></i> em inglês ou <b>esperluette</b> em francês (em <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_portuguesa" title="Língua portuguesa">português</a>: <span lang="pt"> <b>e comercial</b></span>), é um <a href="/wiki/Logograma" title="Logograma">logograma</a> que representa a <a href="/wiki/Conjun%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Conjunção">conjunção</a> "e". Originou-se como uma <a href="/wiki/Ligadura_tipogr%C3%A1fica" title="Ligadura tipográfica">ligadura</a> das letras <i>et</i> — <a href="/wiki/Latim" title="Latim">latim</a> para "e".<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologia">Etimologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%26&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Etimologia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%26&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Etimologia"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68288478">.mw-parser-output .flexquote{display:flex;flex-direction:column;background-color:#F1F1F1;border-left:3px solid #C7C7C7;font-size:100%;margin:1em 4em;padding:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{display:flex;flex-direction:row}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.quote{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex>.separator{border-left:1px solid #C7C7C7;border-top:1px solid #C7C7C7;margin:.4em .8em}.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.cite{text-align:right}@media all and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .flexquote>.flex{flex-direction:column}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .flexquote{background-color:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .flexquote{background-color:transparent}}</style> <blockquote class="flexquote" style="padding:0 1.2em; border-left:5px solid #c8ccd1;margin:30px"><div class="w-quote-texto">O termo <i>ampersand</i> é uma <a href="/wiki/Mudan%C3%A7a_lingu%C3%ADstica" title="Mudança linguística">corruptela</a> de <i>and (&) <span lang="la"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_de_frases_latinas_(P)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista de frases latinas (P) (página não existe)">per se</a></span> and</i>, que significa literalmente "(o caractere) & por si só (é a palavra) <i>e</i>." O símbolo & é derivado da ligadura de ET ou et, que é a palavra latina para "e".</div><p> Geoffrey Glaister, <i>Glossário do Livro</i><sup id="cite_ref-adobe_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-adobe-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Tradicionalmente, ao recitar o <a href="/wiki/Alfabeto" title="Alfabeto">alfabeto</a> nas escolas de <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_inglesa" title="Língua inglesa">língua inglesa</a>, qualquer <a href="/wiki/Letra" title="Letra">letra</a> que também pudesse ser usada como <a href="/wiki/Palavra" title="Palavra">palavra</a> em si ("A", "I" e "<a href="/wiki/Caso_vocativo" title="Caso vocativo">O</a>") era repetida com a expressão latina <i><span lang="la"><a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/per_se" class="extiw" title="wikt:per se">per se</a></span></i> ('por si próprio'), como em "A per se A".<sup id="cite_ref-aglossary_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aglossary-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-worddetective_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-worddetective-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-merriam-webster_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merriam-webster-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> Também era prática comum adicionar o sinal & no final do alfabeto como se fosse a 27.ª letra, pronunciada como o latim <i>et</i> ou posteriormente em inglês como <i>and</i>. Como resultado, a recitação do alfabeto terminaria em "X, Y, Z, <i>and per se and</i>". Esta última frase foi rotineiramente contraída para "<i>ampersand</i>" e o termo entrou no uso comum em inglês em 1837.<sup id="cite_ref-worddetective_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-worddetective-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span>[</span>6<span>]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span>[</span>7<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tem sido <a href="/wiki/Etimologia_popular" title="Etimologia popular">falsamente alegado</a> que <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9-Marie_Amp%C3%A8re" title="André-Marie Ampère">André-Marie Ampère</a> usou o símbolo em suas publicações amplamente lidas e que as pessoas começaram a chamar a nova forma de "<i>e</i> de Ampère".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="História"><span id="Hist.C3.B3ria"></span>História</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%26&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: História" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%26&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: História"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Historical_ampersand_evolution.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Historical_ampersand_evolution.svg/390px-Historical_ampersand_evolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="390" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Historical_ampersand_evolution.svg/585px-Historical_ampersand_evolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Historical_ampersand_evolution.svg/780px-Historical_ampersand_evolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Evolução do e comercial. Figuras 1 a 6</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Ampersand.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ampersand.svg/220px-Ampersand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ampersand.svg/330px-Ampersand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ampersand.svg/440px-Ampersand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="645" data-file-height="270" /></a><figcaption>O e comercial moderno é praticamente idêntico ao do minúsculo carolíngio. O e comercial itálico, à direita, é originalmente uma ligadura <i>et</i> posterior</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Etlig.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Etlig.svg/150px-Etlig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Etlig.svg/225px-Etlig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Etlig.svg/300px-Etlig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>Ligadura <i>et</i> em <a href="/w/index.php?title=Script_Insular&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Script Insular (página não existe)">script Insular</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Epsilon_Ampersand.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cf/Epsilon_Ampersand.png" decoding="async" width="106" height="209" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="209" /></a><figcaption>Exemplo de e comercial baseado em um <a href="/wiki/%CE%95" title="Ε">épsilon</a> cruzado, como pode ser escrito à mão</figcaption></figure> <p>O e comercial pode ser rastreado até o século I d.C. e a <a href="/wiki/Escrita_cursiva_romana" title="Escrita cursiva romana">cursiva romana</a> antiga, na qual as letras E e T ocasionalmente eram escritas juntas para formar uma ligadura (figura 1). Na nova cursiva romana posterior e mais fluida, ligaduras de todos os tipos eram extremamente comuns; as figuras 2 e 3 de meados do século IV são exemplos de como a ligadura <i>et</i> poderia ficar neste roteiro. Durante o desenvolvimento posterior da escrita latina que levou à <a href="/wiki/Min%C3%BAscula_carol%C3%ADngia" title="Minúscula carolíngia">minúscula carolíngia</a> no século IX, o uso de ligaduras em geral diminuiu. A ligadura <i>et</i>, no entanto, continuou a ser usada e gradualmente se tornou mais estilizada e menos reveladora de sua origem (figuras 4-6).<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>O moderno e comercial do tipo <a href="/wiki/It%C3%A1lico" title="Itálico">itálico</a> é uma espécie de ligadura "<a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/et" class="extiw" title="wikt:et">et</a>" que remonta às escritas cursivas desenvolvidas durante o <a href="/wiki/Renascimento" title="Renascimento">Renascimento</a>. Após o advento da <a href="/wiki/Impress%C3%A3o" title="Impressão">impressão</a> na <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> em 1455, os impressores fizeram uso extensivo dos <i>ampersands</i> itálico e romano. Como as raízes do e comercial remontam aos tempos romanos, muitas línguas que usam uma variação do <a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_latino" title="Alfabeto latino">alfabeto latino</a> fazem uso dele. </p><p>O e comercial muitas vezes aparecia como um caractere no final do alfabeto latino, como por exemplo na lista de letras de <a href="/wiki/Birferdo" title="Birferdo">Birferdo</a> de 1011.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span>[</span>10<span>]</span></a></sup> Da mesma forma, & foi considerado como a 27.ª letra do <a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_ingl%C3%AAs" title="Alfabeto inglês">alfabeto inglês</a>, como ensinado às crianças nos <a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos" title="Estados Unidos">EUA</a> e em outros lugares. Um exemplo pode ser visto no livro de 1863 de MB Moore, <i>The Dixie Primer, for the Little Folks</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span>[</span>11<span>]</span></a></sup> Em seu romance de 1859, <i><a href="/wiki/Adam_Bede" title="Adam Bede">Adam Bede</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/George_Eliot" title="George Eliot">George Eliot</a> se refere a isso quando faz Jacob Storey dizer: "Ele pensou que [o Z] tinha sido colocado apenas para terminar o alfabeto; embora & também o fizesse, pelo que podia ver."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span>[</span>12<span>]</span></a></sup> A popular canção de ninar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apple_Pie_ABC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apple Pie ABC (página não existe)">Apple Pie ABC</a> termina com as linhas "<i>X, Y, Z, and ampersand, All wished for a piece in hand</i>". </p><p>O e comercial não deve ser confundido com o <a href="/wiki/Notas_tironianas" title="Notas tironianas">"et" tironiano</a> ⁊ , que tem o mesmo significado, mas que na aparência se assemelha ao numeral 7. Ambos os símbolos têm suas raízes na <a href="/wiki/Antiguidade_Cl%C3%A1ssica" title="Antiguidade Clássica">antiguidade clássica</a>, e ambos os sinais foram usados ao longo da <a href="/wiki/Idade_M%C3%A9dia" title="Idade Média">Idade Média</a> como uma representação da palavra latina <i>et</i> ("e"). No entanto, enquanto o e comercial era na origem uma ligadura comum na escrita cotidiana, o tironiano <i>et</i> fazia parte de uma <a href="/wiki/Taquigrafia" title="Taquigrafia">taquigrafia</a> estenográfica altamente especializada.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span>[</span>13<span>]</span></a></sup> O tironiano <i>et</i> (⁊) é encontrado na escrita da <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_irlandesa" title="Língua irlandesa">língua irlandesa</a> antiga, uma escrita baseada no latim geralmente usada apenas para fins decorativos hoje, onde significa <i><span lang="ga">agus</span></i> ("e") em irlandês. Este símbolo pode ter entrado na linguagem escrita por meio de influência <a href="/wiki/Monasticismo" title="Monasticismo">monástica</a> no tempo da <a href="/wiki/Cristianismo_primitivo" title="Cristianismo primitivo">igreja cristã primitiva</a> na <a href="/wiki/Irlanda" title="Irlanda">Irlanda</a>. </p> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/video/index.php?id=0043-ampersand">"The Ampersand & More"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150704212251/http://www.merriam-webster.com/video/index.php?id=0043-ampersand">Arquivado em</a> 4 julho 2015 no <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> with Kory Stamper, part of the "Ask the Editor" video series at Merriam-Webster.com</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-adobe-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-adobe_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geoffrey_Glaister&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geoffrey Glaister (página não existe)">Glaister, Geoffrey Ashall</a> (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/glosaryofbook0000unse"><i>Glossary of the Book</i></a>. London: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Allen_%26_Unwin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Allen & Unwin (página não existe)">George Allen & Unwin</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+Ashall&rft.aulast=Glaister&rft.btitle=Glossary+of+the+Book&rft.date=1960&rft.genre=book&rft.place=London&rft.pub=George+Allen+%26+Unwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fglosaryofbook0000unse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> cited in <cite class="citation web">Caflisch, Max. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130113202304/https://www.adobe.com/type/topics/theampersand.html">«The ampersand»</a>. <i>Adobe Fonts</i>. <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe Systems</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 23 de dezembro de 2012</span>. Arquivado do <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adobe.com/type/topics/theampersand.html">original</a> em 13 de janeiro de 2013</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.atitle=The+ampersand&rft.aufirst=Max&rft.aulast=Caflisch&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Adobe+Fonts&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adobe.com%2Ftype%2Ftopics%2Ftheampersand.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aglossary-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-aglossary_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Nares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Nares (página não existe)">Nares, Robert</a> (2011) [first published 1822]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=n9bfivi9ti4C&pg=PA1"><i>A Glossary</i></a>. [S.l.]: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fontes_de_livros/9781108035996" title="Especial:Fontes de livros/9781108035996">9781108035996</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 1 de maio de 2013</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140103092709/http://books.google.com/books?id=n9bfivi9ti4C&pg=PA1">Cópia arquivada em 3 de janeiro de 2014</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.aulast=Nares&rft.btitle=A+Glossary&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9781108035996&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dn9bfivi9ti4C%26pg%3DPA1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-worddetective-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-worddetective_4-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-worddetective_4-1">b</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080508140613/http://www.word-detective.com/052003.html">«The ampersand»</a>. <i>word-detective</i>. Arquivado do <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.word-detective.com/052003.html#ampersand">original</a> em 8 de maio de 2008</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.atitle=The+ampersand&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=word-detective&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.word-detective.com%2F052003.html%23ampersand&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-merriam-webster-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-merriam-webster_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/video/0043-ampersand.htm">«The Ampersand & More»</a>. <i>merriam-webster</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 14 de novembro de 2012</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140328143150/http://www.merriam-webster.com/video/0043-ampersand.htm">Cópia arquivada em 28 de março de 2014</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.atitle=The+Ampersand+%26+More&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=merriam-webster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fvideo%2F0043-ampersand.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/ampersand/">«What character was removed from the alphabet but is still used every day?»</a>. <i>The Hot Word</i>. Dictionary.com. 2 de setembro de 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 4 de setembro de 2011</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927003303/http://hotword.dictionary.com/ampersand/">Cópia arquivada em 27 de setembro de 2011</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.atitle=What+character+was+removed+from+the+alphabet+but+is+still+used+every+day%3F&rft.date=2011-09-02&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hot+Word&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhotword.dictionary.com%2Fampersand%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-ampersand" class="citation web"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oed.com/search?searchType=dictionary&q=ampersand">«ampersand»</a><span style="margin-left:0.1em"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Subscrição paga é requerida"><img alt="Subscrição paga é requerida" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/9px-Lock-red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/14px-Lock-red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Lock-red.svg/18px-Lock-red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span></span>. <i>Oxford University Press</i> Online ed. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.atitle=ampersand&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foed.com%2Fsearch%3FsearchType%3Ddictionary%26q%3Dampersand&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Subscription&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição:Subscription (página não existe)">Predefinição:Subscription</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">For examples of this misunderstanding, see Jessie Bedford, Elizabeth Godfrey: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AL0KAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA22">English Children in the Olden Time, page 22</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170220010619/https://books.google.com/books?id=AL0KAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA22">Arquivado em</a> 20 fevereiro 2017 no <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Methuen & co, 1907, p. 22; Harry Alfred Long: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AWgSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA98">Personal and Family Names, page 98</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170219220525/https://books.google.com/books?id=AWgSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA98">Arquivado em</a> 19 fevereiro 2017 no <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Hamilton, Adams & co, 1883.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jan Tschichold: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140701/http://www.typeforum.de/modules.php?op=modload&name=News&file=article&sid=41&mode=&order=0">"Formenwandlung der et-Zeichen."</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Everson, Michael; Sigurðsson, Baldur; Málstöð, Íslensk (7 de junho de 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.evertype.com/standards/wynnyogh/thorn.html">«On the status of the Latin letter þorn and of its sorting order»</a>. <i>Evertype</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 16 de novembro de 2010</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180924083021/http://www.evertype.com/standards/wynnyogh/thorn.html">Cópia arquivada em 24 de setembro de 2018</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.atitle=On+the+status+of+the+Latin+letter+%C3%BEorn+and+of+its+sorting+order&rft.au=M%C3%A1lst%C3%B6%C3%B0%2C+%C3slensk&rft.au=Sigur%C3%B0sson%2C+Baldur&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.aulast=Everson&rft.date=1994-06-07&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Evertype&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.evertype.com%2Fstandards%2Fwynnyogh%2Fthorn.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docsouth.unc.edu/imls/moore/moore.html#moore5">«The Dixie Primer, for the Little Folks»</a>. <i>Branson, Farrar & Co., Raleigh NC</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 16 de novembro de 2010</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110505095849/http://docsouth.unc.edu/imls/moore/moore.html#moore5">Cópia arquivada em 5 de maio de 2011</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.atitle=The+Dixie+Primer%2C+for+the+Little+Folks&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Branson%2C+Farrar+%26+Co.%2C+Raleigh+NC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocsouth.unc.edu%2Fimls%2Fmoore%2Fmoore.html%23moore5&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Eliot, George. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/catalog/world/readfile?fk_files=217795&pageno=152">«Chapter XXI»</a>. <i>Adam Bede</i>. <i><a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></i>. [S.l.: s.n.]<span class="reference-accessdate"> Consultado em 16 de novembro de 2010</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924093138/http://www.gutenberg.org/catalog/world/readfile?fk_files=217795&pageno=152">Cópia arquivada em 24 de setembro de 2015</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.atitle=Chapter+XXI&rft.aufirst=George&rft.aulast=Eliot&rft.btitle=Adam+Bede&rft.genre=bookitem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Fcatalog%2Fworld%2Freadfile%3Ffk_files%3D217795%26pageno%3D152&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=ampersand">«Ampersand»</a>. <i>The Online Etymological Dictionary</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 16 de novembro de 2010</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110218040450/http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=ampersand">Cópia arquivada em 18 de fevereiro de 2011</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.atitle=Ampersand&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Online+Etymological+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dampersand&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%26&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%26&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 250px; padding: 5px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikcionário"><img alt="Wikcionário" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span><figcaption>Wikcionário</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="/wiki/Wikcion%C3%A1rio" title="Wikcionário">Wikcionário</a> tem os verbetes <i><b><a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/ampersand" class="extiw" title="wikt:ampersand">ampersand</a></b></i> e <i><b><a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/epershand" class="extiw" title="wikt:epershand">epershand</a></b></i>.</div></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/33px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/44px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="extiw" title="commons:Página principal">Commons</a> possui imagens e outros ficheiros sobre <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=%26%2338%3B&uselang=pt">&</a></span></b></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/ampersand">The Hot Word at Dictionary.com: How ampersand came from a misunderstanding</a></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://video.merriam-webster.com/0043-ampersand.mp4?ec_rate=72">«<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">"</span>Ask the Editor: Ampersand", video at Merriam-Webster.com (2:01). Retrieved 2013-10-18»</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019172342/http://video.merriam-webster.com/0043-ampersand.mp4?ec_rate=72">Arquivado em</a> 19 outubro 2013 no <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3A%26&rft.btitle=%22Ask+the+Editor%3A+Ampersand%22%2C+video+at+Merriam-Webster.com+%282%3A01%29.+Retrieved+2013-10-18&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvideo.merriam-webster.com%2F0043-ampersand.mp4%3Fec_rate%3D72&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.p22.com/family-Goudy_Aries">Font of 52 ampersands</a>, designed by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Frederic_Goudy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Frederic Goudy (página não existe)">Frederic Goudy</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Símbolos_lógicos_comuns" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:S%C3%ADmbolos_l%C3%B3gicos_comuns" title="Predefinição:Símbolos lógicos comuns"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:S%C3%ADmbolos_l%C3%B3gicos_comuns&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Símbolos lógicos comuns (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none 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style="padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Conjun%C3%A7%C3%A3o_l%C3%B3gica" title="Conjunção lógica">∧</a>  <span style="font-size:55%;"><i>or</i></span>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">&</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Conjun%C3%A7%C3%A3o_l%C3%B3gica" title="Conjunção lógica">e</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Disjun%C3%A7%C3%A3o_l%C3%B3gica" title="Disjunção lógica">∨</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Disjun%C3%A7%C3%A3o_l%C3%B3gica" title="Disjunção lógica">ou</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Nega%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Negação">¬</a>  <span style="font-size:55%;"><i>or</i></span>  <a href="/wiki/Tilde" class="mw-redirect" title="Tilde">~</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Nega%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Negação">negado</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Condicional_material" title="Condicional material">→</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Condicional_material" title="Condicional material">implica</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Condicional_material" title="Condicional material">⊃</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Condicional_material" title="Condicional material">implica</a>,<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subset_and_superset&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Subset and superset (página não existe)">superset</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Se_e_somente_se" title="Se e somente se">≡</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Se_e_somente_se" title="Se e somente se">sse</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Porta_NAND" title="Porta NAND">|</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Porta_NAND" title="Porta NAND">nand</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Quantifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_universal" title="Quantificação universal">∀</a> </div> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Quantifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_universal" title="Quantificação universal">quantificador<br />universal</a></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Quantifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_existencial" title="Quantificação existencial">∃</a> </div> <div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Quantifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_existencial" title="Quantificação existencial">quantificador<br />existencial</a></div> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Tautologia" title="Tautologia">⊤</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Tautologia" title="Tautologia">tautologia</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Contradi%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Contradição">⊥</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Falso_(l%C3%B3gica)" title="Falso (lógica)">falso</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Contradi%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Contradição">contradição</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Catraca_(s%C3%ADmbolo)" title="Catraca (símbolo)">⊢</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Catraca_(s%C3%ADmbolo)" title="Catraca (símbolo)">acarreta,<br />prova que</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Dupla_catraca" title="Dupla catraca">⊨</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Dupla_catraca" title="Dupla catraca">acarreta</a> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding-top:0.85em;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding-bottom:0.85em;;;;width:10em;"><div> <div style="font-size:150%;margin-bottom:0.55em;"> <a href="/wiki/Sinal_de_conclus%C3%A3o" title="Sinal de conclusão">∴</a> </div> <a href="/wiki/Sinal_de_conclus%C3%A3o" title="Sinal de conclusão">isso implica dizer</a> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul class="noprint navigation-box" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-right: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; border-left: solid silver 1px; padding:3px; background-color: #F9F9F9; text-align: center; margin-top:10px; margin-left: 0; clear: both;"><li style="display: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap; margin: auto 1.5em"><span style="margin-right: 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Aton_(cropped).svg" title="Portal da linguística"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/25px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Aton_%28cropped%29.svg/38px-Aton_%28cropped%29.svg.png 1.5x, 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