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vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Cuprins</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mută în bara laterală</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ascunde</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Început</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Stereotipii_expliciți_și_impliciți" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stereotipii_expliciți_și_impliciți"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Stereotipii expliciți și impliciți</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stereotipii_expliciți_și_impliciți-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Etimologie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relația_cu_alte_tipuri_de_atitudini_intergrupuri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relația_cu_alte_tipuri_de_atitudini_intergrupuri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Relația cu alte tipuri de atitudini intergrupuri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relația_cu_alte_tipuri_de_atitudini_intergrupuri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Stereotip</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 74 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">74 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotipe" title="Stereotipe – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Stereotipe" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="صورة نمطية – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صورة نمطية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estereotipu" title="Estereotipu – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estereotipu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotip" title="Stereotip – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Stereotip" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BF" title="Стэрэатып – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Стэрэатып" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cap_waham" title="Cap waham – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Cap waham" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Стереотип – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Стереотип" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%BE" title="বাঁধাধরা ধারণা – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বাঁধাধরা ধারণা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotip" title="Stereotip – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Stereotip" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estereotip" title="Estereotip – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estereotip" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8E%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%BE" title="ستێریۆتایپ – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ستێریۆتایپ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotyp" title="Stereotyp – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stereotyp" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereoteip" title="Stereoteip – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Stereoteip" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotyper" title="Stereotyper – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Stereotyper" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotyp" title="Stereotyp – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Stereotyp" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF" title="Στερεότυπο – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Στερεότυπο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Stereotype" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotipo" title="Stereotipo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Stereotipo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estereotipo" title="Estereotipo – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estereotipo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereot%C3%BC%C3%BCp" title="Stereotüüp – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Stereotüüp" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estereotipo" title="Estereotipo – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Estereotipo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%81%DA%A9%D8%B1_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="تفکر قالبی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تفکر قالبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotyyppi" title="Stereotyyppi – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Stereotyyppi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A9r%C3%A9otype" title="Stéréotype – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Stéréotype" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steir%C3%A9it%C3%ADopa" title="Steiréitíopa – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Steiréitíopa" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estereotipo" title="Estereotipo – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estereotipo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A4" title="סטריאוטיפ – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סטריאוטיפ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE" title="रूढ़धारणा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रूढ़धारणा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotip" title="Stereotip – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Stereotip" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sztereot%C3%ADpia" title="Sztereotípia – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sztereotípia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AE%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%BA" title="Կարծրատիպ – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կարծրատիպ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotipe" title="Stereotipe – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Stereotipe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotipo" title="Stereotipo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Stereotipo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sta%C3%B0al%C3%ADmynd" title="Staðalímynd – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Staðalímynd" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotipo" title="Stereotipo – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stereotipo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AA%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%97" title="ステレオタイプ – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ステレオタイプ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98" title="სტერეოტიპი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სტერეოტიპი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Стереотип – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Стереотип" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EC%A0%95%EA%B4%80%EB%85%90" title="고정관념 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고정관념" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Стереотип – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Стереотип" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotypia" title="Stereotypia – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Stereotypia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotipas" title="Stereotipas – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stereotipas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotips" title="Stereotips – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Stereotips" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Стереотип – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Стереотип" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%83%E0%B4%95" title="വാർപ്പുമാതൃക – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വാർപ്പുമാതൃക" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotaip" title="Stereotaip – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Stereotaip" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%AA" title="इस्टेरियोटाइप – nepaleză" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इस्टेरियोटाइप" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stereotype" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotypi" title="Stereotypi – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Stereotypi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estereotipe" title="Estereotipe – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Estereotipe" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%AA" title="ਸਟੀਰੀਓਟਾਈਪ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਟੀਰੀਓਟਾਈਪ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotyp" title="Stereotyp – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Stereotyp" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B3" title="نگوس – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="نگوس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estere%C3%B3tipo" title="Estereótipo – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estereótipo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Стереотип – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стереотип" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereoteep" title="Stereoteep – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Stereoteep" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotip" title="Stereotip – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Stereotip" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Stereotype" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotyp" title="Stereotyp – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Stereotyp" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotip" title="Stereotip – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Stereotip" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotip" title="Stereotip – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Stereotip" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Стереотип – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Стереотип" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotyp" title="Stereotyp – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stereotyp" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasumba" title="Kasumba – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kasumba" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8_%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D3%A3" title="Тафаккури қолабӣ – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Тафаккури қолабӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A1" title="การเหมารวม – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การเหมารวม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotip" title="Stereotip – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Stereotip" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF_(%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Стереотип (психологія) – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стереотип (психологія)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotip" title="Stereotip – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Stereotip" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khu%C3%B4n_m%E1%BA%ABu_(t%C3%A2m_l%C3%BD)" title="Khuôn mẫu (tâm lý) – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khuôn mẫu (tâm lý)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%BB%E6%9D%BF%E5%8D%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="刻板印象 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="刻板印象" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%BB%E6%9D%BF%E5%8D%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="刻板印象 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="刻板印象" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khek-p%C3%A1n_%C3%ACn-si%C5%8Dng" title="Khek-pán ìn-siōng – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Khek-pán ìn-siōng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%88%90%E8%A6%8B" title="成見 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="成見" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q167172#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Cops_in_a_Donut_Shop_2011_Shankbone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Cops_in_a_Donut_Shop_2011_Shankbone.jpg/220px-Cops_in_a_Donut_Shop_2011_Shankbone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Cops_in_a_Donut_Shop_2011_Shankbone.jpg/330px-Cops_in_a_Donut_Shop_2011_Shankbone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Cops_in_a_Donut_Shop_2011_Shankbone.jpg/440px-Cops_in_a_Donut_Shop_2011_Shankbone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1787" data-file-height="1329" /></a><figcaption>Ofițerii de poliție care cumpără gogoși și cafea sunt un exemplu de stereotip perceput în <a href="/wiki/America_de_Nord" title="America de Nord">America de Nord</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>În <a href="/wiki/Psihologie_social%C4%83" title="Psihologie socială">psihologia socială</a> termenul <b>stereotip</b> este definit drept convingerea supra-generalizată cu privire la o anumită categorie de oameni.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stereotipurile sunt generalizate, deoarece se presupune că un anumit stereotip este valabil pentru fiecare persoană din categorie, în mod individual.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deși astfel de generalizări pot fi utile când vine vorba de decizii rapide, ele pot fi eronate când sunt aplicate în mod individual fiecărei persoane.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stereotipurile încurajează prejudecata<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> și pot apărea din mai multe motive. </p><p>În <i>științele umane</i>, un stereotip este imaginea unui subiect, de obicei admisă și vehiculată, într-un cadru de referință dat; această imagine poate fi negativă, pozitivă sau de alt mod, însă aceasta este deseori caricaturală. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stereotipii_expliciți_și_impliciți"><span id="Stereotipii_explici.C8.9Bi_.C8.99i_implici.C8.9Bi"></span>Stereotipii expliciți și impliciți</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stereotip&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Stereotipii expliciți și impliciți" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stereotip&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Stereotipii expliciți și impliciți"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stereotipii expliciți sunt acele persoane dispuse să verbalizeze. </p><p>Stereotipii impliciți au la bază inconștiența indivizilor, faptul că nu au cunoștință și control.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>În <a href="/wiki/Psihologia_social%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Psihologia socială">psihologia socială</a>, un stereotip este reprezentat de orice idee general adoptată, cu privire la anumite categorii de indivizi sau anumite moduri de comportamente, menite să reprezinte întregul grup de indivizi sau comportamente, în ansamblu.<sup id="cite_ref-McGarty_Yzerbyt_et_al._(2002)_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGarty_Yzerbyt_et_al._(2002)-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aceste idei sau opinii pot sau nu să reflecte <a href="/wiki/Realitate" title="Realitate">realitatea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Judd_et_al._(1993)_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Judd_et_al._(1993)-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cox_et_al._(2012)_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cox_et_al._(2012)-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În domeniul psihologiei, precum și în alte domenii, există diferite conceptualizări și teorii cu privire la stereotipuri care, uneori, împărtășesc elemente comune dar și contradictorii. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologie">Etimologie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stereotip&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Etimologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stereotip&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Etimologie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Termenul stereotip este împrumutat din <a href="/wiki/Limba_francez%C4%83" title="Limba franceză">limba franceză</a>, din adjectivul <i>stéréotype</i> și derivă din <a href="/wiki/Limba_greac%C4%83" title="Limba greacă">limba greacă</a> din cuvintele στερεός (<i>stereos</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> „firmă, solidă” și τύπος (<i>typos</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, „impresie, părere”, așadar „impresie solidă cu privire la una sau mai multe <a href="/wiki/Idei" class="mw-redirect" title="Idei">idei</a>/<a href="/wiki/Teorie" title="Teorie">teorii</a>. </p><p>Termenul provine din domeniul tipografic și a fost adoptat pentru prima dată în <a href="/wiki/1798" title="1798">1798</a> de către Firmin Didot pentru a descrie o placă tipografică care poate duplica orice <a href="/wiki/Tipografie" title="Tipografie">tipografie</a>. Placa de imprimare dublă sau stereotipul este utilizată pentru a printa originalul. </p><p>Termenul stereotip a fost utilizat pentru prima dată în afara domeniului tipografic în 1850, ca <a href="/wiki/Substantiv" title="Substantiv">substantiv</a> cu semnificația <i>imagine perpetuă neschimbată.</i><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cu toate acestea, abia în <a href="/wiki/1922" title="1922">1922</a> termenul <i>stereotip</i> a fost folosit pentru prima dată în domeniul psiholigiei moderne de către jurnalistul american <a href="/wiki/Walter_Lippmann" title="Walter Lippmann">Walter Lippmann</a> în eseul său <i>Public Opinion</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relația_cu_alte_tipuri_de_atitudini_intergrupuri"><span id="Rela.C8.9Bia_cu_alte_tipuri_de_atitudini_intergrupuri"></span>Relația cu alte tipuri de atitudini intergrupuri</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stereotip&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Relația cu alte tipuri de atitudini intergrupuri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stereotip&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Relația cu alte tipuri de atitudini intergrupuri"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stereotipurile, <a href="/wiki/Prejudecat%C4%83" title="Prejudecată">prejudecata</a> și <a href="/wiki/Discriminarea" class="mw-redirect" title="Discriminarea">discriminarea</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sunt percepute drept concepte corelate dar diferite.<sup id="cite_ref-Fiske1998_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fiske1998-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Denmark_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Denmark-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Katz_&_Braly_(1935)_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Katz_&_Braly_(1935)-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Oakes_et_al._(1994)_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oakes_et_al._(1994)-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Stereotipurile sunt considerate cea mai cognitivă componentă care deseori este <a href="/wiki/Incon%C8%99tient" class="mw-disambig" title="Inconștient">inconștientă</a>, pe când prejudecata este componenta <a href="/wiki/Afectivitate" title="Afectivitate">afectivă</a> a stereotipurilor, iar discriminarea este una dintre comportamentale componentele ale reacților prejudiciale.<sup id="cite_ref-Fiske1998_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fiske1998-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Denmark_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Denmark-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-faculty.washington.edu_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-faculty.washington.edu-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> În această perspectivă compusă din trei părți asupra atitudinilor intergrupuri, stereotipurile reflectă așteptările și convingerile cu privire la caracteristicile membrilor grupurilor, precepute ca fiind diferite de cele individuale; prejudecata reprezintă răspunsul emoțional, iar discriminarea se referă la acțiuni.<sup id="cite_ref-Fiske1998_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fiske1998-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Denmark_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Denmark-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deși corelate, cele trei caracteristici pot exista în mod independent.<sup id="cite_ref-Denmark_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Denmark-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tajfel_(1981)_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tajfel_(1981)-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Conform afirmațiilor lui Daniel Katz și Kenneth Braly, stereotiparea conduce la prejudecata rasială atunci când oamenii reacționează emoțional la numele unui grup, atribuie caracteristici membrilor grupului și apoi evaluează acele caracteristici.<sup id="cite_ref-Katz_&_Braly_(1935)_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Katz_&_Braly_(1935)-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Posibile efecte prejudiciale ale stereotipurilor:<sup id="cite_ref-Cox_et_al._(2012)_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cox_et_al._(2012)-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Justificarea prejudecăților sau a ignoranței nefondate</li> <li>Ezitarea de a-și reconsidera atitudinile și comportamentul</li> <li>Împiedicarea unor persoane din grupurile stereotipice de a intra sau a reuși în anumite activități sau domenii.<sup id="cite_ref-Tilcsik_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tilcsik-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stereotip&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stereotip&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Cardwell, Mike (<time datetime="1999">1999</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofpsyc0000card"><i>Dictionary of psychology</i></a>. Chicago Fitzroy Dearborn. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-1579580643" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-1579580643">978-1579580643</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+psychology&rft.pub=Chicago+Fitzroy+Dearborn&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1579580643&rft.aulast=Cardwell&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdictionaryofpsyc0000card&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AStereotip" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110211223644/https://www.simplypsychology.org/katz%2Dbraly.html">„Stereotypes | Simply Psychology”</a>. <i>www.simplypsychology.org</i>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.simplypsychology.org/katz-braly.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2011-02-11">11 februarie 2011</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2018-03-25">25 martie 2018</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.simplypsychology.org&rft.atitle=Stereotypes+%7C+Simply+Psychology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.simplypsychology.org%2Fkatz-braly.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AStereotip" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">McLeod, Saul. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110211223644/https://www.simplypsychology.org/katz%2Dbraly.html">„Stereotypes”</a>. <i>Simply Psychology</i>. 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Accesat în <time datetime="2018-03-12">12 martie 2018</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Simply+Psychology&rft.atitle=Stereotypes&rft.aulast=McLeod&rft.aufirst=Saul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.simplypsychology.org%2Fkatz-braly.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AStereotip" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/faqs.html#faq1">„Frequently Asked Questions”</a>. <i>implicit.harvard.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2018-04-14">14 aprilie 2018</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=implicit.harvard.edu&rft.atitle=Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fimplicit.harvard.edu%2Fimplicit%2Ffaqs.html%23faq1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AStereotip" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McGarty_Yzerbyt_et_al._(2002)-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McGarty_Yzerbyt_et_al._(2002)_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">McGarty, Craig; Yzerbyt, Vincent Y.; Spears, Russel (<time datetime="2002">2002</time>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/samples/cam033/2002073438.pdf">„Social, cultural and cognitive factors in stereotype formation”</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>Stereotypes as explanations: The formation of meaningful beliefs about social groups</i>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 1–15. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-521-80047-1" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-521-80047-1">978-0-521-80047-1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Social%2C+cultural+and+cognitive+factors+in+stereotype+formation&rft.btitle=Stereotypes+as+explanations%3A+The+formation+of+meaningful+beliefs+about+social+groups&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=1-15&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-521-80047-1&rft.aulast=McGarty&rft.aufirst=Craig&rft.au=Yzerbyt%2C+Vincent+Y.&rft.au=Spears%2C+Russel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcatdir.loc.gov%2Fcatdir%2Fsamples%2Fcam033%2F2002073438.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AStereotip" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Judd_et_al._(1993)-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Judd_et_al._(1993)_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Judd, Charles M.; Park, Bernadette (<time datetime="1993">1993</time>). „Definition and assessment of accuracy in social stereotypes”. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psychological_Review&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psychological Review — pagină inexistentă">Psychological Review</a></i>. <b>100</b> (1): 109–128. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2F0033-295X.100.1.109">10.1037/0033-295X.100.1.109</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychological+Review&rft.atitle=Definition+and+assessment+of+accuracy+in+social+stereotypes&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=109-128&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2F0033-295X.100.1.109&rft.aulast=Judd&rft.aufirst=Charles+M.&rft.au=Park%2C+Bernadette&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AStereotip" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cox_et_al._(2012)-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cox_et_al._(2012)_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cox_et_al._(2012)_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Cox, William T. 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Albany: State University of New York Press. pp. 135–137. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-585-05491-9" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-585-05491-9">978-0-585-05491-9</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hate+Prejudice+and+Racism&rft.place=Albany&rft.pages=135-137&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-585-05491-9&rft.aulast=Kleg&rft.aufirst=Milton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyKrrSa7WqNwC%26pg%3DPA135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AStereotip" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Vega, Tanzina. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://money.cnn.com/2015/11/25/news/economy/racial-discrimination-work/index.html">„Working while brown: What discrimination looks like now”</a>. <i>CNNMoney</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Oxford: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiley-Blackwell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wiley-Blackwell — pagină inexistentă">Blackwell</a>. pp. 144–167. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/978-0-631-11711-7" title="Special:Referințe în cărți/978-0-631-11711-7">978-0-631-11711-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Social+stereotypes+and+social+groups&rft.btitle=Intergroup+behaviour&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=144-167&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-0-631-11711-7&rft.aulast=Tajfel&rft.aufirst=Henri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AStereotip" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tilcsik-19"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tilcsik_19-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Tilcsik, András (<time datetime="2011">2011</time>). „Pride and Prejudice: Employment Discrimination against Openly Gay Men in the United States”. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=American_Journal_of_Sociology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American Journal of Sociology — pagină inexistentă">American Journal of Sociology</a></i>. <b>117</b> (2): 586–626. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F661653">10.1086/661653</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Handle_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Handle System — pagină inexistentă">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//hdl.handle.net/1807%2F34998">1807/34998</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed_Identifier" title="PubMed Identifier">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22268247">22268247</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Sociology&rft.atitle=Pride+and+Prejudice%3A+Employment+Discrimination+against+Openly+Gay+Men+in+the+United+States&rft.volume=117&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=586-626&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1807%2F34998&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22268247&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F661653&rft.aulast=Tilcsik&rft.aufirst=Andr%C3%A1s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AStereotip" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537"></span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Adus de la <a dir="ltr" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stereotip&oldid=16663733">https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stereotip&oldid=16663733</a></div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categorii" title="Special:Categorii">Categorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Stereotipii" title="Categorie:Stereotipii">Stereotipii</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Categorie ascunsă: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categorie:Pagini_cu_leg%C4%83turi_externe_nefunc%C8%9Bionale" title="Categorie:Pagini cu legături externe nefuncționale">Pagini cu legături externe nefuncționale</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ultima editare a paginii a fost efectuată la 15 noiembrie 2024, ora 12:01.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Acest text este disponibil sub licența <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ro">Creative Commons cu atribuire și distribuire în condiții identice</a>; pot exista și clauze suplimentare. 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