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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(biblioteca_C%2B%2B)" title="Boost (biblioteca C++) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Boost (biblioteca C++)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(C%2B%2B-Bibliothek)" title="Boost (C++-Bibliothek) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Boost (C++-Bibliothek)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliotecas_Boost" title="Bibliotecas Boost – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bibliotecas Boost" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA_(%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B3%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3)" title="بوست (کتابخانه‌های سی‌پلاس‌پلاس) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بوست (کتابخانه‌های سی‌پلاس‌پلاس)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(biblioth%C3%A8ques)" title="Boost (bibliothèques) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Boost (bibliothèques)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(C%2B%2B_%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%8C%EB%9F%AC%EB%A6%AC)" title="Boost (C++ 라이브러리) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="Boost (C++ 라이브러리)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(C%2B%2B)" title="Boost (C++) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Boost (C++)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost" title="Boost – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Boost" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(C%2B%2B)" title="Boost (C++) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Boost (C++)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_C%2B%2B%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AA" title="Boost C++ライブラリ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Boost C++ライブラリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost" title="Boost – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Boost" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost" title="Boost – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Boost" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(bibliotecas_de_C%2B%2B)" title="Boost (bibliotecas de C++) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Boost (bibliotecas de C++)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost" title="Boost – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Boost" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost" title="Boost – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Boost" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost_(C%2B%2B_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi)" title="Boost (C++ Kütüphanesi) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Boost (C++ Kütüphanesi)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boost" title="Boost – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Boost" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh 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href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Boost%22+C%2B%2B+libraries">"Boost" C++ libraries</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Boost%22+C%2B%2B+libraries+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Boost%22+C%2B%2B+libraries&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Boost%22+C%2B%2B+libraries+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Boost%22+C%2B%2B+libraries">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Boost%22+C%2B%2B+libraries&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> 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release</th><td class="infobox-data">September 1, 1999<span class="noprint">; 25 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1999-09-01</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">1.87.0<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-2c1912c7b5d26ccba5f548ef54abcf8cf698113a-v18_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-2c1912c7b5d26ccba5f548ef54abcf8cf698113a-v18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q893105?uselang=en#P348" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> / 11 December 2024<span class="noprint">; 2 months ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">11 December 2024</span>)</span></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/boostorg/boost">github<wbr />.com<wbr />/boostorg<wbr />/boost</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q893105#P1324" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-platform">Cross-platform</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">Libraries</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="#License">Boost Software License</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boost.org">www<wbr />.boost<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Boost</b> is a set of <a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">libraries</a> for the <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B" title="C++">C++</a> programming language that provides support for tasks and structures such as <a href="/wiki/Linear_algebra" title="Linear algebra">linear algebra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pseudorandom_number_generator" title="Pseudorandom number generator">pseudorandom number generation</a>, multithreading, <a href="/wiki/Image_processing" class="mw-redirect" title="Image processing">image processing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Regular_expression" title="Regular expression">regular expressions</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Unit_testing" title="Unit testing">unit testing</a>. It contains 164 individual libraries (as of version 1.76).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All of the Boost libraries are <a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">licensed</a> under the <a href="#License">Boost Software License</a>, designed to allow Boost to be used with both <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free</a> and <a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">proprietary software</a> projects.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of Boost's founders are on the <a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_14882" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO/IEC 14882">C++ standards</a> committee, and several Boost libraries have been accepted for incorporation into the <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B_Technical_Report_1" title="C++ Technical Report 1">C++ Technical Report 1</a>, the <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B11" title="C++11">C++11</a> standard (e.g. smart pointers, thread, regex, random, ratio, tuple)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B17" title="C++17">C++17</a> standard (e.g. filesystem, any, optional, variant, string_view).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Boost community emerged around 1998, when the first version of the standard was released. It has grown continuously since then and now plays a big role in the standardization of C++. Even though there is no formal relationship between the Boost community and the standardization committee, some of the developers are active in both groups. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boost_(C%2B%2B_libraries)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The libraries are aimed at a wide range of C++ users and application domains. They range from general-purpose libraries like the <a href="/wiki/Smart_pointer" title="Smart pointer">smart pointer</a> library, to <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> abstractions like <i>Boost FileSystem</i>, to libraries primarily aimed at other library developers and advanced C++ users, like the <a href="/wiki/Template_metaprogramming" title="Template metaprogramming">template metaprogramming</a> (MPL) and <a href="/wiki/Domain-specific_language" title="Domain-specific language">domain-specific language</a> (DSL) creation (Proto). </p><p>In order to ensure efficiency and flexibility, Boost makes extensive use of <a href="/wiki/Template_(C%2B%2B)" title="Template (C++)">templates</a>. Boost has been a source of extensive work and research into <a href="/wiki/Generic_programming" title="Generic programming">generic programming</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metaprogramming" title="Metaprogramming">metaprogramming</a> in C++.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most Boost libraries are <a href="/wiki/Header_file" class="mw-redirect" title="Header file">header</a> based, consisting of <a href="/wiki/Inline_function" title="Inline function">inline functions</a> and templates, and as such do not need to be built in advance of their use. Some Boost libraries coexist as independent libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Associated_people">Associated people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boost_(C%2B%2B_libraries)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Associated people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original founders of Boost that are still active in the community includes <a href="/wiki/David_Abrahams_(computer_programmer)" title="David Abrahams (computer programmer)">David Abrahams</a>. An author of several books on C++, Nicolai Josuttis, contributed to the Boost <a href="/wiki/Array_(C%2B%2B)" class="mw-redirect" title="Array (C++)">array</a> library in 2001. There are mailing lists devoted to Boost library use and library development, active as of 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boost_(C%2B%2B_libraries)&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="License">License</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boost_(C%2B%2B_libraries)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: License"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Boost Software License</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:45%;">Latest version</th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:55%;">1.0</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:45%;">Published</th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:55%;">17 August 2003</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:45%;"><a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">FSF</a> <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_free_and_open-source_software_licences#Approvals" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of free and open-source software licences">approved</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:55%;">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-fsf_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fsf-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:45%;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Initiative" title="Open Source Initiative">OSI</a> <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_free_and_open-source_software_licences#Approvals" class="mw-redirect" title="Comparison of free and open-source software licences">approved</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:55%;">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:45%;"><a href="/wiki/GPL_compatible" class="mw-redirect" title="GPL compatible">GPL compatible</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:55%;">Yes<sup id="cite_ref-fsf_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fsf-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:45%;"><a href="/wiki/Copyleft" title="Copyleft">Copyleft</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:55%;">No<sup id="cite_ref-fsf_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fsf-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:45%;"><a href="/wiki/GPL_linking_exception" title="GPL linking exception">Linking from code with a different licence</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:55%;">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="width:45%;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data" style="width:55%;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boost.org/">www<wbr />.boost<wbr />.org</a></span> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q893105?uselang=en#P856" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Boost is licensed under its own <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free</a>, <a href="/wiki/Open-source_license" title="Open-source license">open-source license</a>, known as the Boost Software License.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a permissive license in the style of the <a href="/wiki/BSD_license" class="mw-redirect" title="BSD license">BSD license</a> and the <a href="/wiki/MIT_license" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT license">MIT license</a>, but without requiring <a href="/wiki/Attribution_(copyright)" title="Attribution (copyright)">attribution</a> for redistribution in <a href="/wiki/Binary_file" title="Binary file">binary form</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The license has been <a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Initiative" title="Open Source Initiative">OSI-approved</a> since February 2008<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is considered a <a href="/wiki/Free_software_license" class="mw-redirect" title="Free software license">free software license</a>, <a href="/wiki/License_compatibility" title="License compatibility">compatible</a> with the <a href="/wiki/GNU_General_Public_License" title="GNU General Public License">GNU General Public License</a>, by the <a href="/wiki/Free_Software_Foundation" title="Free Software Foundation">Free Software Foundation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-fsf_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fsf-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boost_(C%2B%2B_libraries)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.lib.boost.devel/178539">the original</a> on 2016-11-07.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boost+mailing+list+archive&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthread.gmane.org%2Fgmane.comp.lib.boost.devel%2F178539&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoost+%28C%2B%2B+libraries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://opensource.org/licenses/BSL-1.0">"Boost Software License 1.0 (BSL-1.0) | Open Source Initiative"</a>. 5 February 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boost+Software+License+1.0+%28BSL-1.0%29+%7C+Open+Source+Initiative&rft.date=2008-02-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopensource.org%2Flicenses%2FBSL-1.0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoost+%28C%2B%2B+libraries%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boost_(C%2B%2B_libraries)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDemmingDuffy2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Demming, Robert & Duffy, Daniel J. (2010). <i>Introduction to the Boost C++ Libraries</i>. Vol. 1 - Foundations. Datasim. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-91028-01-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-91028-01-4"><bdi>978-94-91028-01-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+the+Boost+C%2B%2B+Libraries&rft.pub=Datasim&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-94-91028-01-4&rft.aulast=Demming&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Duffy%2C+Daniel+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoost+%28C%2B%2B+libraries%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDemmingDuffy2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Demming, Robert & Duffy, Daniel J. (2012). <i>Introduction to the Boost C++ Libraries</i>. Vol. 2 - Advanced Libraries. Datasim. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-91028-02-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-91028-02-1"><bdi>978-94-91028-02-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Introduction+to+the+Boost+C%2B%2B+Libraries&rft.pub=Datasim&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-94-91028-02-1&rft.aulast=Demming&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Duffy%2C+Daniel+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoost+%28C%2B%2B+libraries%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMukherjee2015" class="citation book cs1">Mukherjee, Arindam (2015). <i>Learning Boost C++ Libraries</i>. Packt. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78355-121-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78355-121-7"><bdi>978-1-78355-121-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Learning+Boost+C%2B%2B+Libraries&rft.pub=Packt&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-78355-121-7&rft.aulast=Mukherjee&rft.aufirst=Arindam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoost+%28C%2B%2B+libraries%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolukhin2013" class="citation book cs1">Polukhin, Antony (2013). <i>Boost C++ Application Development Cookbook</i>. Packt. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84951-488-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84951-488-0"><bdi>978-1-84951-488-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boost+C%2B%2B+Application+Development+Cookbook&rft.pub=Packt&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-84951-488-0&rft.aulast=Polukhin&rft.aufirst=Antony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoost+%28C%2B%2B+libraries%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPolukhin2017" class="citation book cs1">Polukhin, Antony (2017). <i>Boost C++ Application Development Cookbook</i> (2 ed.). Packt. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78728-224-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78728-224-7"><bdi>978-1-78728-224-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Boost+C%2B%2B+Application+Development+Cookbook&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Packt&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-78728-224-7&rft.aulast=Polukhin&rft.aufirst=Antony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoost+%28C%2B%2B+libraries%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchäling2011" class="citation book cs1">Schäling, Boris (2011). <i>The Boost C++ Libraries</i>. XML Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9822191-9-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9822191-9-5"><bdi>978-0-9822191-9-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Boost+C%2B%2B+Libraries&rft.pub=XML+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-9822191-9-5&rft.aulast=Sch%C3%A4ling&rft.aufirst=Boris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoost+%28C%2B%2B+libraries%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchäling2014" class="citation book cs1">Schäling, Boris (2014). <i>The Boost C++ Libraries</i> (2 ed.). XML Press. p. 570. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-937434-36-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-937434-36-6"><bdi>978-1-937434-36-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Boost+C%2B%2B+Libraries&rft.pages=570&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=XML+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-937434-36-6&rft.aulast=Sch%C3%A4ling&rft.aufirst=Boris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoost+%28C%2B%2B+libraries%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiekLeeLumsdaine2001" class="citation book cs1">Siek, Jeremy G.; Lee, Lie-Quan & Lumsdaine, Andrew (2001). <i>The Boost Graph Library: User Guide and Reference Manual</i>. Addison-Wesley. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-201-72914-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-201-72914-6"><bdi>978-0-201-72914-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Boost+Graph+Library%3A+User+Guide+and+Reference+Manual&rft.pub=Addison-Wesley&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-201-72914-6&rft.aulast=Siek&rft.aufirst=Jeremy+G.&rft.au=Lee%2C+Lie-Quan&rft.au=Lumsdaine%2C+Andrew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABoost+%28C%2B%2B+libraries%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boost_(C%2B%2B_libraries)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span 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title="Parallel computing">Parallel computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massively_parallel" title="Massively parallel">Massively parallel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloud_computing" title="Cloud computing">Cloud computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-performance_computing" title="High-performance computing">High-performance computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiprocessing" title="Multiprocessing">Multiprocessing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manycore_processor" title="Manycore processor">Manycore processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General-purpose_computing_on_graphics_processing_units" title="General-purpose computing on graphics processing units">GPGPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">Computer network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systolic_array" title="Systolic array">Systolic array</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Levels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bit-level_parallelism" title="Bit-level parallelism">Bit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruction-level_parallelism" title="Instruction-level parallelism">Instruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_parallelism" title="Task parallelism">Thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_parallelism" title="Task parallelism">Task</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_parallelism" title="Data parallelism">Data</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memory-level_parallelism" title="Memory-level parallelism">Memory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loop-level_parallelism" title="Loop-level parallelism">Loop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipeline_(computing)" title="Pipeline (computing)">Pipeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multithreading_(computer_architecture)" title="Multithreading (computer architecture)">Multithreading</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Temporal_multithreading" title="Temporal multithreading">Temporal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simultaneous_multithreading" title="Simultaneous multithreading">Simultaneous</a> (SMT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simultaneous_and_heterogeneous_multithreading" title="Simultaneous and heterogeneous multithreading">Simultaneous and heterogenous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speculative_multithreading" title="Speculative multithreading">Speculative</a> (SpMT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preemption_(computing)" title="Preemption (computing)">Preemptive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_multitasking#Cooperative_multitasking" title="Computer multitasking">Cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulldozer_(microarchitecture)#Bulldozer_core" title="Bulldozer (microarchitecture)">Clustered multi-thread</a> (CMT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardware_scout" title="Hardware scout">Hardware scout</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_RAM" title="Parallel RAM">PRAM model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_external_memory" title="Parallel external memory">PEM model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analysis_of_parallel_algorithms" title="Analysis of parallel algorithms">Analysis of parallel algorithms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amdahl%27s_law" title="Amdahl's law">Amdahl's law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustafson%27s_law" title="Gustafson's law">Gustafson's law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cost_efficiency" title="Cost efficiency">Cost efficiency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karp%E2%80%93Flatt_metric" title="Karp–Flatt metric">Karp–Flatt metric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_slowdown" title="Parallel slowdown">Slowdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speedup" title="Speedup">Speedup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Process_(computing)" title="Process (computing)">Process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thread_(computing)" title="Thread (computing)">Thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiber_(computer_science)" title="Fiber (computer science)">Fiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruction_window" title="Instruction window">Instruction window</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Array_(data_structure)" title="Array (data structure)">Array</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coordination</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multiprocessing" title="Multiprocessing">Multiprocessing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memory_coherence" title="Memory coherence">Memory coherence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cache_coherence" title="Cache coherence">Cache coherence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cache_invalidation" title="Cache invalidation">Cache invalidation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrier_(computer_science)" title="Barrier (computer science)">Barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronization_(computer_science)" title="Synchronization (computer science)">Synchronization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Application_checkpointing" title="Application checkpointing">Application checkpointing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_programming" title="Computer programming">Programming</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stream_processing" title="Stream processing">Stream processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dataflow_programming" title="Dataflow programming">Dataflow programming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_programming_model" title="Parallel programming model">Models</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Implicit_parallelism" title="Implicit parallelism">Implicit parallelism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explicit_parallelism" title="Explicit parallelism">Explicit parallelism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concurrency_(computer_science)" title="Concurrency (computer science)">Concurrency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-blocking_algorithm" title="Non-blocking algorithm">Non-blocking algorithm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">Hardware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flynn%27s_taxonomy" title="Flynn's taxonomy">Flynn's taxonomy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single_instruction,_single_data" title="Single instruction, single data">SISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_instruction,_multiple_data" title="Single instruction, multiple data">SIMD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single_instruction,_multiple_threads" title="Single instruction, multiple threads">Array processing</a> (SIMT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flynn%27s_taxonomy#Pipelined_processor" title="Flynn's taxonomy">Pipelined processing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flynn%27s_taxonomy#Associative_processor" title="Flynn's taxonomy">Associative processing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_instruction,_single_data" title="Multiple instruction, single data">MISD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_instruction,_multiple_data" title="Multiple instruction, multiple data">MIMD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dataflow_architecture" title="Dataflow architecture">Dataflow architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instruction_pipelining" title="Instruction pipelining">Pipelined processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superscalar_processor" title="Superscalar processor">Superscalar processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vector_processor" title="Vector processor">Vector processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiprocessing" title="Multiprocessing">Multiprocessor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Symmetric_multiprocessing" title="Symmetric multiprocessing">symmetric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asymmetric_multiprocessing" title="Asymmetric multiprocessing">asymmetric</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_memory" title="Semiconductor memory">Memory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shared_memory" title="Shared memory">shared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_memory" title="Distributed memory">distributed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_shared_memory" title="Distributed shared memory">distributed shared</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_memory_access" title="Uniform memory access">UMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-uniform_memory_access" title="Non-uniform memory access">NUMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cache-only_memory_architecture" title="Cache-only memory architecture">COMA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massively_parallel" title="Massively parallel">Massively parallel</a> computer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_cluster" title="Computer cluster">Computer cluster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beowulf_cluster" title="Beowulf cluster">Beowulf cluster</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grid_computing" title="Grid computing">Grid computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardware_acceleration" title="Hardware acceleration">Hardware acceleration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/API" title="API">APIs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ateji_PX" title="Ateji PX">Ateji PX</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Boost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_(programming_language)" title="Chapel (programming language)">Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HPX" title="HPX">HPX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charm%2B%2B" title="Charm++">Charm++</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cilk" title="Cilk">Cilk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coarray_Fortran" title="Coarray Fortran">Coarray Fortran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUDA" title="CUDA">CUDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dryad_(programming)" title="Dryad (programming)">Dryad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B_AMP" title="C++ AMP">C++ AMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Arrays" title="Global Arrays">Global Arrays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPUOpen" title="GPUOpen">GPUOpen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_Passing_Interface" title="Message Passing Interface">MPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenMP" title="OpenMP">OpenMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenCL" title="OpenCL">OpenCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenHMPP" title="OpenHMPP">OpenHMPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenACC" title="OpenACC">OpenACC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_Extensions" title="Parallel Extensions">Parallel Extensions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_Virtual_Machine" title="Parallel Virtual Machine">PVM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pthreads" title="Pthreads">pthreads</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RaftLib" title="RaftLib">RaftLib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROCm" title="ROCm">ROCm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Parallel_C" title="Unified Parallel C">UPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threading_Building_Blocks" title="Threading Building Blocks">TBB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZPL_(programming_language)" class="mw-redirect" title="ZPL (programming language)">ZPL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Problems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_parallelization" title="Automatic parallelization">Automatic parallelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadlock_(computer_science)" title="Deadlock (computer science)">Deadlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deterministic_algorithm" title="Deterministic algorithm">Deterministic algorithm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embarrassingly_parallel" title="Embarrassingly parallel">Embarrassingly parallel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_slowdown" title="Parallel slowdown">Parallel slowdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_condition" title="Race condition">Race condition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_lockout" title="Software lockout">Software lockout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalability" title="Scalability">Scalability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starvation_(computer_science)" title="Starvation (computer science)">Starvation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span 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