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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навігацыя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Адкрыць Галоўную старонку [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Галоўная старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Пра праект, чым можна заняцца, дзе што шукаць"><span>Супольнасць</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:RecentChanges" title="Пералік нядаўніх змяненняў у віксе. 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height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-be.svg" width="117" height="12" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Пошук</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" aria-label="Шукаць у Вікіпедыі" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Знайсці ў Вікіпедыі [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Адмысловае:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Пошук</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Выгляд" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Выгляд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be" class=""><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова" class=""><span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Імя" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Імя"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Імя</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Імя-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Асоба" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Асоба"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Асоба</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Асоба-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Праўленне" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Праўленне"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Праўленне</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Праўленне-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Змяніць стан падраздзелу Праўленне</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Праўленне-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Унутраная_палітыка" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Унутраная_палітыка"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Унутраная палітыка</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Унутраная_палітыка-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Знешняя_палітыка" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Знешняя_палітыка"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Знешняя палітыка</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Знешняя_палітыка-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Егіпецкая_рэлігія" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Егіпецкая_рэлігія"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Егіпецкая рэлігія</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Егіпецкая_рэлігія-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пахаванне" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пахаванне"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Пахаванне</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пахаванне-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Зноскі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зноскі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Зноскі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Зноскі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Спасылкі" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Спасылкі"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Спасылкі</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Спасылкі-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Нармер</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 64 мовах." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 мовы</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – афрыкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="афрыкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%93%E1%88%AD%E1%88%98%E1%88%AD" title="ናርመር – амхарская" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ናርመር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B1" title="نعرمر – арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نعرمر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B1" title="نارمر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نارمر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – азербайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Нармер – балгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нармер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="балгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – каталанская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – чэшская" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чэшская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%94%D1%80%D1%8A" title="Нармєръ – царкоўнаславянская" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Нармєръ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="царкоўнаславянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Нармер – чувашская" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нармер" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – дацкая" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добры артыкул"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – англійская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – эсперанта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – іспанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="іспанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – баскская" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B1" title="نارمر – фарсі" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نارمر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – французская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmar" title="Narmar – ірландская" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Narmar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ірландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – галісійская" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галісійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A8" title="נערמר – іўрыт" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נערמר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іўрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – харвацкая" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="харвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – венгерская" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – інданезійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданезійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AB" title="ナルメル – японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ナルメル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ნარმერი – грузінская" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნარმერი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%EB%A5%B4%EB%A9%94%EB%A5%B4" title="나르메르 – карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="나르메르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – люксембургская" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmeras" title="Narmeras – літоўская" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Narmeras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="літоўская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Нармер – македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нармер" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%BC" title="നാർമർ – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നാർമർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – нідэрландская" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – нарвежская (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвежская (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – аксітанская" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="аксітанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B1" title="نارمر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نارمر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – румынская" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Нармер – руская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нармер" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – шатландская" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шатландская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – сербскахарвацкая" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскахарвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A" title="නාර්මර් – сінгальская" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නාර්මර්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сінгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – славацкая" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="славацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – славенская" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="славенская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Нармер – сербская" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нармер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – шведская" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="நார்மெர் – тамільская" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நார்மெர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ฟาโรห์นาร์เมอร์ – тайская" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟาโรห์นาร์เมอร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraon_Narmer" title="Faraon Narmer – туркменская" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Faraon Narmer" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="туркменская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Нармер – украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нармер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B1" title="نارمر – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نارمر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – в’етнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="в’етнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E5%B0%94%E8%BF%88" title="那尔迈 – ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="那尔迈" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – ёруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ёруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E5%B0%94%E8%BF%88" title="那尔迈 – кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="那尔迈" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Narmer" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%A3%E7%88%BE%E9%82%81" title="那爾邁 – кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="那爾邁" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонскі дыялект кітайскай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189582#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B:%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Размовы пра змест гэтай старонкі (няма 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<div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=history" title="Ранейшыя версіі гэтай старонкі. 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title="Нязменная спасылка на гэтую версію гэтай старонкі"><span>Нязменная спасылка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=info" title="Больш звестак пра гэту старонку"><span>Звесткі пра старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CiteThisPage&page=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&id=4440237&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Інфармацыя пра тое, як цытаваць гэтую старонку"><span>Цытаваць гэту старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UrlQ%C4%B1sald%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580"><span>Атрымаць скарочаны URL-адрас</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%259D%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580"><span>Спампаваць QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Друк/экспарт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80"><span>Стварыць кнігу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=show-download-screen"><span>Спампаваць як PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&printable=yes" title="Друкавальная версія гэтай старонкі [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Для друку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> У іншых праектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Narmer" hreflang="en"><span>Вікісховішча</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189582" title="Спасылка на звязаны элемент рэпазітара даных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Элемент Вікіданых</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">З Вікіпедыі, свабоднай энцыклапедыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><table cellpadding="4" rules="all" style="float:right; margin-left:1em; margin-bottom:0.5em; clear:right;; margin:5px 0 1em 1em; border:1px solid #FFCC77; border-collapse:collapse; border-width:1px 1px 1px 1px; background:#ffffde; color:#993300;" width="330"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" valign="top" style="background:#FFE39B;">Нармер </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFE39B">0 дынастыя </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; background-color:#FFE39B">Ранняе Царства </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:NarmerPalette-CloseUpOfNarmer-ROM.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/NarmerPalette-CloseUpOfNarmer-ROM.png/200px-NarmerPalette-CloseUpOfNarmer-ROM.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/NarmerPalette-CloseUpOfNarmer-ROM.png/300px-NarmerPalette-CloseUpOfNarmer-ROM.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/NarmerPalette-CloseUpOfNarmer-ROM.png/400px-NarmerPalette-CloseUpOfNarmer-ROM.png 2x" data-file-width="1852" data-file-height="1518" /></a></span><br />Выява Нармера (на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Палетка Нармера">палетцы Нармера</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="background-color:#EEEECD"><div style="float:right"><table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G5.png?bcb90" height="38" title="G5" alt="G5" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p style="text-align:center;clear:both">Хорава імя</p><div style="margin-top:2em">як <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80,_%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Хор, міфалогія">Хор</a></div> </td> <td style="text-align:center"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td> <td style="height: 48px; width: 2px; background-color: #000000"> </td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="height: 2px; background-color: #000000"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="height: 45px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 5px;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Nar-Wels.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Nar-Wels.png/52px-Nar-Wels.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Nar-Wels.png/79px-Nar-Wels.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Nar-Wels.png/104px-Nar-Wels.png 2x" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="66" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="height: 2px; background-color: #000000"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td align="center" valign="middle"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Srxtail2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/50px-Srxtail2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/75px-Srxtail2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/100px-Srxtail2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> Нар<br /> <i><span class="Unicode">Nˁr</span></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Сом">Сом</a></i><br /><br /> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td> <td style="height: 48px; width: 2px; background-color: #000000"> </td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="height: 2px; background-color: #000000"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="height: 45px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 5px;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Nar-Wels.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Nar-Wels.png/52px-Nar-Wels.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Nar-Wels.png/79px-Nar-Wels.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Nar-Wels.png/104px-Nar-Wels.png 2x" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="66" /></a></span> </td> <td><table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_U23.png?9db3d" height="38" title="U23" alt="U23" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="height: 2px; background-color: #000000"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td align="center" valign="middle"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Srxtail2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/50px-Srxtail2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/75px-Srxtail2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/100px-Srxtail2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> Нар-мер (Нар-мехер)<br /> <i><span class="Unicode">Nˁr-mr</span> (<span class="Unicode">Nˁr-mḥr</span>)</i><sup id="cite_ref-Quack_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> <i>Жахлівы <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Сом">сом</a></i><br /><br /> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td> <td style="height: 48px; width: 2px; background-color: #000000"> </td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="height: 2px; background-color: #000000"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="height: 45px; padding: 0px 5px 0px 5px;"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Nar-Wels.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Nar-Wels.png/52px-Nar-Wels.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Nar-Wels.png/79px-Nar-Wels.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Nar-Wels.png/104px-Nar-Wels.png 2x" data-file-width="137" data-file-height="66" /></a></span> </td> <td><table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_U23.png?9db3d" height="38" title="U23" alt="U23" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G47.png?37bd0" height="38" title="G47" alt="G47" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="height: 2px; background-color: #000000"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td align="center" valign="middle"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Srxtail2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/50px-Srxtail2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/75px-Srxtail2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/100px-Srxtail2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></a></span> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> Нар-мер-чаі (Нар-мехер-чаі)<br /> <i><span class="Unicode">Nˁr-mr-ṯ3j</span> (<span class="Unicode">Nˁr-mḥr-ṯ3j</span>)</i><sup id="cite_ref-Quack_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quack-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><i>Нармер мужны</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center" style="background-color:#EEEECD"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Serekh_of_Narmer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Serekh_of_Narmer.jpg/150px-Serekh_of_Narmer.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Serekh_of_Narmer.jpg/225px-Serekh_of_Narmer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Serekh_of_Narmer.jpg/300px-Serekh_of_Narmer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="692" data-file-height="740" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> Серэх Нармера з яго <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Палетка Нармера">палеткі</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Нармер</b> (таксама <b>Хор Нар</b>) — егіпецкі цар часоў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B5_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82)" title="Ранняе царства (Егіпет)">Ранняга Царства</a>, які правіў каля <a href="/w/index.php?title=3000_%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%BD.%D1%8D.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="3000 да н.э. (няма такой старонкі)">3000 г. да н.э.</a> Паводле меркавання некаторых <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Егіптолаг">егіптолагаў</a> ён быў апошнім царом <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дадынастычны Егіпет (няма такой старонкі)">0-й дынастыі</a>, іншыя ж лічаць яго першым царом <a href="/w/index.php?title=1_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F,_%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1 дынастыя, Егіпет (няма такой старонкі)">1-й дынастыі</a>. Нармер часта ўпамінаецца ў сучасных яму крыніцах<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Нельга выключаць, што Нармер і <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Менес">Менес</a> адна і тая ж асоба. </p><p>І хаця вядома некалькі асабліва значных знаходак, звязанных з Нармерам, сярод якіх <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Палетка Нармера">Палетка Нармера</a> і шышка яго <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Булава">булавы</a>, пра яго паходжанне і асобу па-ранейшаму ведаюць мала, таму існуе мноства спрэчных меркаванняў адносна яго асобы. Але безумоўна, Нармер паскорыў развіццё культуры і дабрабыту краіны і пралажыў шлях да росквіту царства. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Імя"><span id=".D0.86.D0.BC.D1.8F"></span>Імя</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Правіць раздзел: Імя" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Імя"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Дайшло некалькі варыянтаў <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хорава імя (няма такой старонкі)">Хорава імені</a> Нармера. Хаця на сасудах часам сустракаецца толькі «нар» (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Сом">сом</a>) у <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Серэх (няма такой старонкі)">серэху</a>, імя на адбітках пячацей выпісана поўнасцю або нават падоўжана <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Эпітэт">эпітэтам</a> «чаі» («мужны»<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Хоць Нармерава імя вядома ўжэ даўно, яго дагэтуль не ўдалося здавальняюча перакласці. Асаблівыя цяжкасці як <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Мовазнаўства">мовазнаўцам</a>, так і <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Егіпталогія">егіптолагам</a> чыніць <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Фанетыка">фанетыка</a> егіпецкага слова «нар», якое абазначала <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Сом">сома</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Гербавыя фігуры">геральдычную жывёлу</a> цара Нармера. Акрамя таго, невядома, якім было сімвалічна значэнне сома ў егіпцян. </p><p>Імя Нармер прынята перакладаць як «раз’юшаны сом»<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> або «жахлівы сом», хаця прапаноўваліся і іншыя пераклады імені.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Пры перакладзе і тлумачэнні падобных егіпецкіх імён часцей за ўсё ўжываецца <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рэбус (няма такой старонкі)">рэбусны</a> прынцып. Як тлумачыць Хартвіг Алтэнмюллер, агульнапрынятае чытанне імені Нармер было атрымана шляхам зліцця паняццяў «нар» («<a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Сом">сом</a>») і «мер» («зубіла»). Альтэнмюллер прапануе альтэрнатыўнае чытанне «саб» замест «нар» і спасылаецца на перыядычныя сумненні іншых егіптолагаў адносна існуючага дагэтуль перакладу.<sup id="cite_ref-A59_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A59-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="margin:0px; padding:0px; border:0px; background-color:transparent; vertical-align:middle;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;">У грабніцы каля <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тархан (няма такой старонкі)">Тархана</a> (грабніца 1100) былі знойдзены сасуды з незвычайным варыянтам імені Нармера. Пад <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Сом">сомам</a> у серэху відаць знак, які паводле меркавання егіптолагаў <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эдвін ван дэн Брынк (няма такой старонкі)">Эдвіна ван дэн Брынка</a> і <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Вольфганг Хельк (няма такой старонкі)">Вольфганга Хелька</a> ўяўляе ці знак U6 <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_U6.png?4f117" height="37" title="U6" alt="U6" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table>, ці знак U13 <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_U13.png?f42a0" height="26" title="U13" alt="U13" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> са <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Спіс Гардынера (няма такой старонкі)">спіса Гардынера</a>, і нельга выключаць, што на сасудах імя зусім іншага валадара з больш даўніх часоў.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:bottom; padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Асоба"><span id=".D0.90.D1.81.D0.BE.D0.B1.D0.B0"></span>Асоба</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Правіць раздзел: Асоба" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Асоба"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Menes_c1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Menes_c1.jpg/120px-Menes_c1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Menes_c1.jpg/180px-Menes_c1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Menes_c1.jpg/240px-Menes_c1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="268" /></a><figcaption>Галава статуі Нармера ці <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Менес">Менеса</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Нармер быў жанаты, імаверна, з прынцэсай <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нейтхатэп (няма такой старонкі)">Нейтхатэп</a>. Праўда, сямейныя сувязі гэтай высокароднай жанчыны выклікаюць спрэчкі ў егіптолагаў, бо нельга выключаць, што яна таксама магла быць жонкай цара <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хор Аха (няма такой старонкі)">Ахі</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Прыкладна тое ж і з дамай па імені <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бенерыб (няма такой старонкі)">Бенерыб</a> («<i>Ласкавая сэрцам</i>»). Больш імаверна, што яна была Нармеравай дачкой і жонкай цара Ахі. Такім чынам, пытанне, хто была жонка (ці жонкі) Нармера, канчаткова не развязана.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Сынам Нармера лічыцца яго пераемнік на троне <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хор Аха (няма такой старонкі)">Хор Аха</a>. </p><p>Таксама няма адназначнага адказу на пытанне, хто быў Нармераў папярэднік. Адны <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Егіптолаг">егіптолагі</a> лічаць, што гэта быў цар <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0,_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ка, раннеегіпецкі цар (няма такой старонкі)">Ка</a>, другія ж у якасці папярэдніка разглядаюць цара <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%91%D0%BD_II" title="Скарпіён II">Скарпіёна II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Праўленне"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.9E.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.BD.D0.B5"></span>Праўленне</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Правіць раздзел: Праўленне" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&section=3" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Праўленне"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Унутраная_палітыка"><span id=".D0.A3.D0.BD.D1.83.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B0.D1.8F_.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.96.D1.82.D1.8B.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Унутраная палітыка</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Правіць раздзел: Унутраная палітыка" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&section=4" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Унутраная палітыка"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ранейшыя інтэрпрэтацыі знойдзеных артэфактаў, асабліва <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Булава">булавы</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Палетка Нармера">палеткі Нармера</a>, рысавалі поўную сутычак і ваенных паходаў карціну аб’яднання Егіпта пад уладай Нармера. Ключавым довадам на карысць такіх тлумачэнняў была выява цара, дзе ён забівае булавою свайго праціўніка, а таксама неаднаразовыя паўтарэнні выяў разбураных <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Крэпасць">крэпасцей</a> (ці <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%91%D0%BD" title="Бастыён">бастыёнаў</a>) і перабітых ворагаў. Але гэтыя выявы вельмі падобныя па свайму стылю і зместу і бясспрэчна ўзыходзяць да больш старажытных правобразаў, значна даўнейшых за Нармера. Таму Тобі Вількінсан і Кэтрын Бард ставяць пытанне, ці сапраўды тут гістарычная падзея, ці толькі сімвалічнае жаданне ўладара зацвердзіць сваё права на трон як адзінаўладнага правіцеля. Пытанне гэта не беспадстаўнае, калі ўлічыць той факт, што матыў «пабівання ворага» вельмі шырока ўжываўся для сімвалічнага адлюстравання ваенных перамог фараона і пры пазнейшых дынастыях.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Акрамя таго нядаўнія даследаванні паказваюць, што аб’яднанне ажыццяўлялася не праз заваяванні, хаця ваенныя сутычкі канечне здараліся. Так, напрыклад, лічбы, якія раней часта прыводзіліся для колькасці захопленых палонных у час магчымых паходаў Нармера, цяпер разглядаюцца як непраўдападобныя.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Для часоў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82)" title="Старое царства (Егіпет)">Старога Царства</a> наяўнасць войска, чыя колькасць перавышала б 100 000 чалавек, не пацвярджаецца крыніцамі, таму мабыць Нармер лічыў усіх жыхароў, а патом абазначаў іх <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D1%8B#Азначальныя_знакі" title="Егіпецкія іерогліфы">азначнікам</a> як «мяцежнікаў» (<i>sbj.w</i>). Больш таго, у Нармеравых запісах пры падліках мужчыны і жанчыны асобна не выдзяляліся. Такім чынам, на «шышцы» Нармеравай булавы адлюстрована мірнае ўключэнне ці аб’яднанне меншага края з большым, якое праходзіла ў форме перапісу насельніцтва або чагось падобнага.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Вольфганг Хельк, напрыклад, на аснове <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Археалогія">археалагічных знаходак</a> у сувязі са святам суправаджэння <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Хор (бажаство)">Хора</a> ўказвае на магчымасць таго, што пацверджаны крыніцамі таварны абмен сведчыць аб існаванні цэнтральнага ўрада ў Егіпце яшчэ да Нармера. Надпісы на сасудах і гліняныя чарапкі з <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гірга (няма такой старонкі)">Гіргі</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тархан (няма такой старонкі)">Тархана</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Абідас">Абідаса</a> пацвярджаюць ажыўлены менавы гандаль рознымі таварамі паміж Верхнім і Ніжнім Егіптам. Гэтыя надпісы з’яўляюцца аднымі з самых ранніх пісьмовых крыніц, якія сведчаць аб таварным абмене. На аснове гэтага можна дапусціць, што яшчэ да Нармера ў зносінах паміж поўначчу і поўднем краіны пераважала мірная палітыка, тым больш што абмен таварамі ажыццяўляўся праз цэнтральныя ўрадавыя ўстановы.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> З-за адсутнасці пісьмовых крыніц цяпер немагчыма высветліць, як гэта адбывалася: ці ў рамках дзелавых сувязей, ці з якой-небудзь рытуальнай нагоды (напрыклад, у выглядзе кірмашоў, прымеркаваных да свята). Большасць надпісаў на посудзе зроблена чорным чарнілам з наступным абпальваннем. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Знешняя_палітыка"><span id=".D0.97.D0.BD.D0.B5.D1.88.D0.BD.D1.8F.D1.8F_.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.96.D1.82.D1.8B.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Знешняя палітыка</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Правіць раздзел: Знешняя палітыка" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&section=5" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Знешняя палітыка"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Падчас праўлення Нармера мелі месца кантакты з краінамі за межамі егіпецкіх зямель. Кантакты пацвярджаюцца няўнасцю імені ўладара на розных артэфактах. Так, напрыклад, на паўднёвым захадзе цяперашняга <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Ізраіль">Ізраіля</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тэль Арад (няма такой старонкі)">Тэль Арад</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эн Бесор (няма такой старонкі)">Эн Бесор</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рафіях (няма такой старонкі)">Рафіях</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тэль Эрані (няма такой старонкі)">Тэль Эрані</a>) быў знойдзен посуд з іменем Нармера.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Магчыма, гэтыя знаходкі ўскосна сведчаць, што туды даходзілі ваенныя атрады Нармера.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Да таго ж, у Абідасе знойдзен ярлычок са слановай косці з выявай азіята, які спатыкаецца ці падае на калені. Ярлычок з’яўляецца адным з самых ранніх пацверджанняў кантактаў паміж егіпцянамі і азіятамі.<sup id="cite_ref-wilkinson67-70_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wilkinson67-70-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Акрамя таго, пад <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нехен (няма такой старонкі)">Нехенам</a> і <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кустул (няма такой старонкі)">Кустулам</a> былі выяўлены сасуды з узорамі і знакамі, якія сведчаць аб існаванні наладжанага гандлю паміж <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Нубія">Нубіяй</a> і Егіптам. Іншыя артэфакты намякаюць на сутычкі з лівійскімі плямёнамі. Так, напрыклад, у магіле Нармера быў знойдзен цыліндр са слановай косці, на яком відаць Нармер, які трымае ў руках доўгую дубіну. Дубіна займае тры рэгістры, у якіх сядзяць на кукішках звязаныя мужчыны з доўгімі клінападобнымі бародамі. Такія бароды падказваюць, што гэта лівійцы.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Егіпецкая_рэлігія"><span id=".D0.95.D0.B3.D1.96.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.86.D0.BA.D0.B0.D1.8F_.D1.80.D1.8D.D0.BB.D1.96.D0.B3.D1.96.D1.8F"></span>Егіпецкая рэлігія</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Правіць раздзел: Егіпецкая рэлігія" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&section=6" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Егіпецкая рэлігія"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Пры Нармеры вельмі добра засведчана пакланенне такім багам як <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Хор (бажаство)">Хор</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%82_(%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F)" title="Сет (міфалогія)">Сет</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мафдзет (няма такой старонкі)">Мафдзет</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рэпут (няма такой старонкі)">Рэпут</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Бата (бажаство)">Бат</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Нейт">Нейт</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мехіт (няма такой старонкі)">Мехіт</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85" class="mw-redirect" title="Птах">Птах</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%96%D1%81" title="Апіс">Апіс</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BD,_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мін, бажаство (няма такой старонкі)">Мін</a>. Асабліва шанаваліся багіні Бат і Нейт. Пад <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Коптас (няма такой старонкі)">Коптасам</a> была знойдзена вялікая статуя Міна з <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Пясчанік">пясчаніка</a>, якая, калі меркаваць па пастаноўцы цела, імаверна была створана ў часы Нармера.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div align="center"> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Narmer_Macehead.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Шышка Нармеравай булавы"><img alt="Шышка Нармеравай булавы" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Narmer_Macehead.png/114px-Narmer_Macehead.png" decoding="async" width="114" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Narmer_Macehead.png/171px-Narmer_Macehead.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Narmer_Macehead.png/228px-Narmer_Macehead.png 2x" data-file-width="363" data-file-height="382" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Шышка Нармеравай булавы</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Seated_figure_of_a_baboon_with_the_cartouche_of_king_Narmer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Фігурка павіяна з іменем Нармера на падстаўцы"><img alt="Фігурка павіяна з іменем Нармера на падстаўцы" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Seated_figure_of_a_baboon_with_the_cartouche_of_king_Narmer.jpg/62px-Seated_figure_of_a_baboon_with_the_cartouche_of_king_Narmer.jpg" decoding="async" width="62" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Seated_figure_of_a_baboon_with_the_cartouche_of_king_Narmer.jpg/93px-Seated_figure_of_a_baboon_with_the_cartouche_of_king_Narmer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Seated_figure_of_a_baboon_with_the_cartouche_of_king_Narmer.jpg/124px-Seated_figure_of_a_baboon_with_the_cartouche_of_king_Narmer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1468" data-file-height="2826" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Фігурка <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Павіяны">павіяна</a> з іменем Нармера на падстаўцы</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:MudJarSealingBearingNameOfNarmer_MetropolitanMuseum.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Адбітак пячаці Нармера"><img alt="Адбітак пячаці Нармера" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/MudJarSealingBearingNameOfNarmer_MetropolitanMuseum.png/120px-MudJarSealingBearingNameOfNarmer_MetropolitanMuseum.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/MudJarSealingBearingNameOfNarmer_MetropolitanMuseum.png/180px-MudJarSealingBearingNameOfNarmer_MetropolitanMuseum.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/MudJarSealingBearingNameOfNarmer_MetropolitanMuseum.png/240px-MudJarSealingBearingNameOfNarmer_MetropolitanMuseum.png 2x" data-file-width="1027" data-file-height="975" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Адбітак пячаці Нармера</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Narmer_tarkhan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Імя Нармер, надрапанае на сасудзе з Тархана"><img alt="Імя Нармер, надрапанае на сасудзе з Тархана" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Narmer_tarkhan.jpg/90px-Narmer_tarkhan.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Narmer_tarkhan.jpg/135px-Narmer_tarkhan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Narmer_tarkhan.jpg/180px-Narmer_tarkhan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Імя Нармер, надрапанае на сасудзе з <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тархан (няма такой старонкі)">Тархана</a></div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Пахаванне"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BD.D0.B5"></span>Пахаванне</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Правіць раздзел: Пахаванне" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&section=7" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Пахаванне"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Chambers_B17_and_B18_(Umm_el-Qa%27ab).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chambers_B17_and_B18_%28Umm_el-Qa%27ab%29.jpg/220px-Chambers_B17_and_B18_%28Umm_el-Qa%27ab%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chambers_B17_and_B18_%28Umm_el-Qa%27ab%29.jpg/330px-Chambers_B17_and_B18_%28Umm_el-Qa%27ab%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Chambers_B17_and_B18_%28Umm_el-Qa%27ab%29.jpg/440px-Chambers_B17_and_B18_%28Umm_el-Qa%27ab%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="471" data-file-height="271" /></a><figcaption>Магіла Нармера (B 17/18)</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%81_%D0%9F%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фліндэрс Пітры (няма такой старонкі)">Фліндэрс Пітры</a> лічыў, што Нармер быў пахаваны ў збудаванні B10, якое Пітры раскапаў на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Некропаль">некропалі</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Ум эль-Кааб">Ум эль-Кааб</a> пад Абідасам.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> На сённяшні дзень B10 разглядаюць як частку грабніцы <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%85%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хор Аха (няма такой старонкі)">Хора Ахі</a>, а сапраўдная грабніца Нармера, як мяркуюць, знаходзіцца на месцы раскопаў B17 і B18. Грабніца складаецца з дзвюх абкладзеных <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сырцовая цэгла (няма такой старонкі)">сырцоваю цэглай</a> камер плошчай 10 × 3 m².<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Пахавальныя памяшканні прымыкаюць непасрэдна адно да аднаго і аддзелены толькі сцяной. У грабніцы былі знойдзены адбіткі цыліндрычных пячацей Нармера,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> прадметы са слановай косці з яго іменем і найстаражытнейшыя летапісныя таблічкі егіпецкага правіцеля.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Таксама ў пахаванні былі фрагменты алебастравых ваз з іменем Нармера.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Зноскі"><span id=".D0.97.D0.BD.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BA.D1.96"></span>Зноскі</h2></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Quack-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Quack_1-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Quack_1-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Joachim Friedrich Quack: <i>Zum Lautwert von Gardiner Sign-List U 23.</i> In: <i>Lingua Aegyptia</i> Nr. 11, 2003, S. 113–116</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nicolas Christophe Grimal: <i>A history of Ancient Egypt.</i> S. 36-39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rainer Hannig, 2716</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wolfgang Helck: <i>Geschichte des Alten Ägypten</i>. Brill, Leiden 1981, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/9004064974" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 90-04-06497-4</a>, S. 22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrew Godron, In: <i>Annales du service des antiquités de l'Égypte (ASAE)</i> Bd. 49, Ausgabe 1976, S. 217 ff. und S. 547.; Vikentieff, In: <i>Journal of Egyptian Archaeology (JEA)</i> Nr. 17, S. 67 ff.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A59-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-A59_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hartwig Altenmüller: <i>Einführung in die Hieroglyphenschrift.</i> Buske, Hamburg 2005, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:BookSources/3875483731" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-87548-373-1</a>, S. 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wolfgang Helck & E. van den Brink, In: <i>Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Institut Kairo (MDAIK)</i> Bd. 55. Ausgabe 1999; Seite 22, Abb. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Walter Bryan Emery: <i>Ägypten — Geschichte und Kultur der Frühzeit</i>. S. 38-44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Gunther Dreyer, In: <i>Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo (MDAIK)</i> Bd. 46, 1990,  S. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby A. H. Wilkinson: <i>Early Dynastic Egypt</i>. S. 53, 66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">K. Bard: <i>The emergence of an egyptian state.</i> In: Ian Shaw: <i>The Oxford history of Ancient Egypt.</i> Oxford-University Press, 2002, S. 81</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Christiana E. Köhler: <i>The State of Research on Late Predynastic Egypt: New Evidence for the Development of the Pharaonic State?</i>. In: <i>Göttinger Miszellen (GM)</i> Bd. 147, 1995, S. 86-87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jürgen Kraus: <i>Die Demographie des Alten Ägypten: Eine Phänomenologie anhand altägyptischer Quellen</i>. Göttingen 2004, S. 164.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby Wilkinson: <i>Early dynastic Egypt</i>. S. 57-59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jochem Kahl: <i>Das System der ägyptischen Hieroglyphenschrift in der 0.-3. Dynastie.</i> In: <i>Göttinger Orientforschungen.</i> S. 79-86</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Wolfgang Helck: <i>Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit.</i> In: <i>Ägyptologische Abhandlungen</i> Nr. 45, Wiesbaden 1987, S. 132</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wilkinson67-70-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wilkinson67-70_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby A. H. Wilkinson: <i>Early Dynastic Egypt</i>. S. 67-70</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby Wilkinson: <i>Early dynastic Egypt.</i> Routedge, 1999; Seite 162 & 163</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Walter Bryan Emery: <i>Ägypten — Geschichte und Kultur der Frühzeit</i>. S. 134-137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Petrie: <i>Royal Tombs II.</i> S. 7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">W. Kaiser und G. Dreyer, In: <i>Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Abteilung Kairo (MDAIK)</i> Bd. 38, 1982, S. 109</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Petrie: <i>Royal Tombs II.</i> Tafel XIII, 91-93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Petrie: <i>Royal Tombs II.</i> Tafel II 4-5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Petrie: <i>Royal Tombs I.</i> Tafel, IV, 2; Petrie: <i>Royal Tombs II.</i> Tafel II, 3, 5</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Спасылкі"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.BF.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.8B.D0.BB.D0.BA.D1.96"></span>Спасылкі</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сенусерт III (няма такой старонкі)">Сенусерт III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%82_III" title="Аменемхет III">Аменемхет III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Фараоны XVIII дынастыі <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82)" title="Новае царства (Егіпет)">Новага царства</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_I" title="Яхмас I">Яхмас I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81_I" title="Тутмос I">Тутмос I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81_III" title="Тутмос III">Тутмос III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BF_II" title="Аменхатэп II">Аменхатэп II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BF_III" title="Аменхатэп III">Аменхатэп III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Эхнатон">Эхнатон</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Харэмхеб (няма такой старонкі)">Харэмхеб</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Тутанхамон">Тутанхамон</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Фараоны XIX і XX дынастый <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82)" title="Новае царства (Егіпет)">Новага царства</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рамсес I (няма такой старонкі)">Рамсес I</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%96_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сеці I (няма такой старонкі)">Сеці I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81_II" title="Рамсес II">Рамсес II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мернептах (няма такой старонкі)">Мернептах</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%81_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рамсес III (няма такой старонкі)">Рамсес III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Кіраўнікі Позняга перыяду</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8D%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA_I" title="Шэшонк I">Шэшонк I</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%85%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Піянхі (няма такой старонкі)">Піянхі</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тахарка (няма такой старонкі)">Тахарка</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%85_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Псаметых I (няма такой старонкі)">Псаметых I</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нехо II (няма такой старонкі)">Нехо II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81_II" title="Амасіс II">Амасіс II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9_I_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пталамей I Сотэр (няма такой старонкі)">Пталамей I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Царыцы</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нефрусобек (няма такой старонкі)">Нефрусобек</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%96%D1%88%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тэцішэры (няма такой старонкі)">Тэцішэры</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Яхатэп (няма такой старонкі)">Яхатэп</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81-%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Яхмас-Нефертары (няма такой старонкі)">Яхмас-Нефертары</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%83%D1%82" title="Хатшэпсут">Хатшэпсут</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тыя (няма такой старонкі)">Тыя</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%86%D1%96%D1%86%D1%96" title="Неферціці">Неферціці</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Анхесенамон (няма такой старонкі)">Анхесенамон</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нефертары Мерэнмут (няма такой старонкі)">Нефертары Мерэнмут</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Клеапатра">Клеапатра VII</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Дзеячы культуры і навукі</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BF" title="Імхатэп">Імхатэп</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%83%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хеміун (няма такой старонкі)">Хеміун</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Інені (няма такой старонкі)">Інені</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сенмут (няма такой старонкі)">Сенмут</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81_(%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тутмас (скульптар) (няма такой старонкі)">Тутмас Малодшы</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Манефон">Манефон</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гарапалон (няма такой старонкі)">Гарапалон</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px">Военачальнікі, жрацы і прыдворныя</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%85%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81_(%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%AD%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Яхмес (сын Эбаны) (няма такой старонкі)">Яхмес</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Рэхміра (няма такой старонкі)">Рэхміра</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аменемхеб (няма такой старонкі)">Аменемхеб</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BF_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%88%D1%8B" title="Аменхатэп Малодшы">Аменхатэп</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Уджагарэсент (няма такой старонкі)">Уджагарэсент</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD_(%D0%95%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%82)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пацін (Егіпет) (няма такой старонкі)">Пацін</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4785216"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Навігацыйны шаблон" data-name="External links" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist toCollapsibleCount navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><div style="padding: 0px 18px 0px 0px; width: 100%;"><div style="float: left;"><span class="noprint plainlinks nowrap" style="font-size:85%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Прагляд гэтага шаблона"><img alt="⚙️" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg/14px-Wikipedia_interwiki_section_gear_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" 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style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=34504556">Find a Grave</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.rodovid.org/wk/Person:32379">Rodovid</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1px"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Нарматыўны кантроль">Нарматыўны кантроль</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/1139480855">1139480855</a> · <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Кантрольны нумар Бібліятэкі Кангрэса">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/n92057273">n92057273</a> · <a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/75508578">75508578</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/44150516675503442671">44150516675503442671</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Узята з "<a dir="ltr" href="https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Нармер&oldid=4440237">https://be.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Нармер&oldid=4440237</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Categories" title="Адмысловае:Categories">Катэгорыі</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B" title="Катэгорыя:Асобы">Асобы</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Катэгорыя:Фараоны паводле алфавіта">Фараоны паводле алфавіта</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Схаваныя катэгорыі: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96,_%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%9E%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%86%D1%8C_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_WikiHiero" title="Катэгорыя:Старонкі, якія ўжываюць пашырэнне WikiHiero">Старонкі, якія ўжываюць пашырэнне WikiHiero</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96,_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%8F%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%85_%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8B_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96_ISBN" title="Катэгорыя:Старонкі, на якіх ужыты чароўныя спасылкі ISBN">Старонкі, на якіх ужыты чароўныя спасылкі ISBN</a></li><li><a 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