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Shandiz rural districts</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Torqabe and Shandiz rural districts"> <meta name="keywords" content="Torqabe and Shandiz rural districts"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research 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method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Torqabe and Shandiz rural districts"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2272</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Torqabe and Shandiz rural districts</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2272</span> Assessment of the Indices in Converting Affect Rural to Urban Settlements Case Study: Torqabe and Shandiz Rural Districts in Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahimeh%20Khatami">Fahimeh Khatami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Sanagar%20Darbani"> Elham Sanagar Darbani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnosh%20Khir%20Khah"> Behnosh Khir Khah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.Khatami"> R.Khatami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rural and ruralism is one of the residential forms that form in special natural areas, and the Interaction between their internal and external forces cause developments and changes that are different in time and space. Over time, historical developments, social and economic changes in the political system cause developments and rapid growth of the rural to urban settlements. However, criteria for recognizing rural settlements to the city are different in every land. One of the problems in modern plan is inattention to indicators and criteria of changing these settlements to the city. The method of this research is a type of applied and compilation research and library and field methods are used in it. And also qualitative and quantitative indicators have been provided while collecting documents and studies from rural districts like Dehnow, Virani, Abardeh, Zoshk, Nowchah, Jaqarq in tourism area of Mashhad. In this research, the used tool is questionnaire and for analyzing quantitative variables by Morris and Mac Granahan examination, the importance of each factor and the development settlements are evaluated, and the rural that can convert to the city was defined. In result, according to Askalvgram curve obtained from analysis, it was found that among the mentioned villages, Virani and Nowchah rural districts have this ability to convert to the city; Zoshk rural district will be converting to the city in future and Dehnow, Abardeh and Jaqarq rural districts won’t be converting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20settlements" title="rural settlements">rural settlements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=city" title=" city"> city</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indicators" title=" indicators"> indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Torqabe%20and%20Shandiz%20rural%20districts" title=" Torqabe and Shandiz rural districts"> Torqabe and Shandiz rural districts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47812/assessment-of-the-indices-in-converting-affect-rural-to-urban-settlements-case-study-torqabe-and-shandiz-rural-districts-in-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2271</span> A Review of the Environmental Impact of Physical Expansion of Shandiz City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Foruzan%20Taheri">Foruzan Taheri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyedeh%20Negar%20Hosseinian"> Seyedeh Negar Hosseinian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katayoon%20Alizadeh"> Katayoon Alizadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The small countryside city of Shandiz, with a population of about 13.297 is located 35 km to the west of the Mashhad metropolitan. Due to Shandiz’s natural beauty, suitable climate, and its close proximity to Mashhad which is the largest city in the eastern half of the country, many people own second houses in this area. In addition to this, Shandiz hosts millions of visitors annually. Its economic role, which is parallel and complementary to Mashhad, has caused population growth, the increase of activities, and physical expansion, all of which exceed the city’s capacity. The aim of this descriptive and analytical study was to evaluate the impact of city expansion on the environment and aid in preventing further harm to the natural environment of this perimeter. Data were collected from population and housing statistics during a different period of time-based on GIS. Results show that the existence of an integrated environmental management system in order to coordinate development projects and the expansion of tourism programs that meet environmental conditions are necessary and achieving sustainable development with quality of life in this area without considering environmental limitations and capabilities cannot be sustained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20growth" title="population growth">population growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism" title=" tourism"> tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20development" title=" physical development"> physical development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impact" title=" environmental impact"> environmental impact</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shandiz%20City" title=" Shandiz City "> Shandiz City </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20016/a-review-of-the-environmental-impact-of-physical-expansion-of-shandiz-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2270</span> Agricultural Extension Education for Female: A Tool for Sustainable Rural Development in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jahanzaib">Jahanzaib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rural economy can be uplifted through agricultural extension education for female as the majority is uneducated. The present study was carried out in five districts (Bahawalpur, Lodhran, Raheem Yar Khan, Bahawalnagr, and Vehari) of southern Punjab, Pakistan. The ten females were selected from each district, poor economic background for agricultural training. The training was provided free of cost, through Punjab skills development program. After six month training, the trainees were awarded with certificates and a tool kit. After completion of training data was recorded and analyzed, the results indicate that, female trainees were in a better economic position than the females of nearby districts without training. From this study, we can conclude that agricultural education for female can not only improve the economy of the individual family but also improve the agriculture of Pakistan on the sustainable basis as the majority of workers are female in rural areas of Pakistan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20extension%20education" title="agricultural extension education">agricultural extension education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20rural%20development" title=" sustainable rural development"> sustainable rural development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title=" agriculture"> agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20development%20in%20Pakistan" title=" rural development in Pakistan"> rural development in Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93168/agricultural-extension-education-for-female-a-tool-for-sustainable-rural-development-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">238</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2269</span> Assessment of the Impact of Road Transportation Improvement on Rural Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Mirwais%20Arghandiwal">Mohammad Mirwais Arghandiwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fujita%20Motohiro"> Fujita Motohiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wisinee%20Wisetjindawat"> Wisinee Wisetjindawat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since 2001, the new government of Afghanistan addressed the improvement of transportation in rural areas as one of the key issues for the country development. This paper thus, aims to show the impotency of transportation in the rural area of Kabul province. A field survey in Kabul Province capital of Afghanistan has been conducted during March, 2015, and 201 questionnaires were collected from four districts named Shakar Dara, Paghman, Char Asyab, and Khak Jabar to investigate the impacts of road transportation on the people’s daily life. The districts had their road projects constructed during the last 3-5 years. The interviewees are chosen randomly from a different category of districts residences. As transportation is one of the most important factors for the development of the communities, during the survey it was very easily to observe a positive effect on the life of people. The improvement on the accessibility has had a positive impact on the land and land price. In this paper, a model is created to show the relationship between different factors and the land price improvement. In the end, a recommendation is presented on the establishment of the community council for a better use and maintenance of road projects. We emphasize on a public and private partnership at a community level in the districts during the construction period too. In addition, the communities should be encouraged on their positive role in the improvement of transportation through their participation and collaboration with the local government. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility" title="accessibility">accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghanistan" title=" Afghanistan"> Afghanistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poverty" title=" poverty"> poverty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20area" title=" rural area"> rural area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation%20development" title=" transportation development"> transportation development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32213/assessment-of-the-impact-of-road-transportation-improvement-on-rural-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">436</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2268</span> Patterns, Determinants, and Implications of Rural-Urban Migration in the Garhwal Himalaya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saurav%20Kumar">Saurav Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rural-urban migration is the most commonly adopted strategy in rural areas to overcome the risk associated with the subsistence economy and diversify income. The Garhwal Himalaya has the highest rate of rural-urban migration in India, which has serious repercussions. Despite this, there is a dearth of literature on the implications of rural-urban migration in the Garhwal Himalaya. This paper attempts to fill this void. The objectives of the paper are to look into various types, patterns, determinants, and implications of rural-urban migration in the Garhwal Himalaya. In order to meet the objectives, 15 villages were selected from five districts of the Garhwal Himalaya. In every district, three villages were chosen from different altitudes, including five from river valleys, five from mid-altitudes, and five from highlands. The villages range in altitude from 550m to 2660m. A total of 658 households were surveyed from the villages, covering 100% samples from each village. Using a structured questionnaire, the author asked the heads of each household about the types of rural-urban migration they practiced, the year of first migration, destinations of migration, and reasons for migration. Further, migrants’ age, sex, caste, marital status, educational background, income, occupation, and remittances sent by migrants were also inquired about. The study reveals that rural-urban migration is a serious problem in Garhwal Himalayas, posing various socio-economic issues. Without immediate action, it will have serious consequences. Finally, this study suggests some policy measures to minimize the current rate of rural-urban migration in the Garhwal Himalaya. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural-urban%20migration" title="rural-urban migration">rural-urban migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garhwal%20Himalaya" title=" Garhwal Himalaya"> Garhwal Himalaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patterns" title=" patterns"> patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title=" determinants"> determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=implications" title=" implications"> implications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154891/patterns-determinants-and-implications-of-rural-urban-migration-in-the-garhwal-himalaya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2267</span> Understanding the Linkages of Human Development and Fertility Change in Districts of Uttar Pradesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamta%20Rajbhar">Mamta Rajbhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20K.%20Mohanty"> Sanjay K. Mohanty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> India's progress in achieving replacement level of fertility is largely contingent on fertility reduction in the state of Uttar Pradesh as it accounts 17% of India's population with a low level of development. Though the TFR in the state has declined from 5.1 in 1991 to 3.4 by 2011, it conceals large differences in fertility level across districts. Using data from multiple sources this paper tests the hypothesis that the improvement in human development significantly reduces the fertility levels in districts of Uttar Pradesh. The unit of analyses is district, and fertility estimates are derived using the reverse survival method(RSM) while human development indices(HDI) are are estimated using uniform methodology adopted by UNDP for three period. The correlation and linear regression models are used to examine the relationship of fertility change and human development indices across districts. Result show the large variation and significant change in fertility level among the districts of Uttar Pradesh. During 1991-2011, eight districts had experienced a decline of TFR by 10-20%, 30 districts by 20-30% and 32 districts had experienced decline of more than 30%. On human development aspect, 17 districts recorded increase of more than 0.170 in HDI, 18 districts in the range of 0.150-0.170, 29 districts between 0.125-0.150 and six districts in the range of 0.1-0.125 during 1991-2011. Study shows significant negative relationship between HDI and TFR. HDI alone explains 70% variation in TFR. Also, the regression coefficient of TFR and HDI has become stronger over time; from -0.524 in 1991, -0.7477 by 2001 and -0.7181 by 2010. The regression analyses indicate that 0.1 point increase in HDI value will lead to 0.78 point decline in TFR. The HDI alone explains 70% variation in TFR. Improving the HDI will certainly reduce the fertility level in the districts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fertility" title="Fertility">Fertility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HDI" title=" HDI"> HDI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uttar%20Pradesh" title=" Uttar Pradesh"> Uttar Pradesh</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25040/understanding-the-linkages-of-human-development-and-fertility-change-in-districts-of-uttar-pradesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2266</span> A Study of Parental Acceptance: Avoidance Attitude and Adjustment of Urban and Rural Junior College Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramesh%20K.%20Adsul">Ramesh K. Adsul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20R.%20Shinde"> V. R. Shinde</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20Jadhav"> S. S. Jadhav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main aim of the present study was to explore the effect of various levels of parental acceptance – avoidance attitude on various areas of adjustment of urban and rural junior college students. It was hypothesized that 1. There exists no significant effect of various levels of parental acceptance attitude on adjustment of urban and rural junior college students. 2. There exists no significant effect of various levels of parental avoidance attitude on adjustment of urban and rural junior college students. 3. There would be no significant difference between urban and rural Junior College students on various areas of (home, health, social, and emotional) adjustment. The 847 students (427 boys and 420 girls) studying in 11th class of various Junior colleges in Sangli ,Satara and Kolhapur districts of Maharashtra State, India were selected by random sampling method. Study was conducted by using two psychological tests namely 1. Family Relationship Inventory. 2.Bell’s Adjustment Inventory. One way ANOVA was employed to find out the effect of parental acceptance – avoidance attitude and adjustment in various areas of urban and rural junior college students. ‘t’ test was used to find out the difference between urban and rural students on various areas of adjustment. The results of the study indicate that (1) It is observed that three groups of parental acceptance attitude (PA) are significantly varied on home and social adjustment. It means that PA affects home and social adjustment of adolescents. High PA creates excellent adjustment and low PA creates poor adjustment in adolescents. (2) Study revealed that PV significantly affects adjustment of adolescents. High PV significantly creates poor adjustment in adolescents than average and low PV. (3) There is significant difference between urban and rural adolescents on adjustment. Urban adolescents have better adjustment than rural adolescents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parental%20acceptance" title="parental acceptance">parental acceptance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avoidance%20attitude" title=" avoidance attitude"> avoidance attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adjustment" title=" adjustment"> adjustment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban-rural%20student" title=" urban-rural student "> urban-rural student </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9429/a-study-of-parental-acceptance-avoidance-attitude-and-adjustment-of-urban-and-rural-junior-college-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9429.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2265</span> A Framework for Defining Innovation Districts: A Case Study of 22@ Barcelona </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnault%20Morisson">Arnault Morisson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Innovation districts are being implemented as urban regeneration strategies in cities as diverse as Barcelona (Spain), Boston (Massachusetts), Chattanooga (Tennessee), Detroit (Michigan), Medellin (Colombia), and Montréal (Canada). Little, however, is known about the concept. This paper aims to provide a framework to define innovation districts. The research methodology is based on a qualitative approach using 22@ Barcelona as a case study. 22@ Barcelona was the first innovation district ever created and has been a model for the innovation districts of Medellin (Colombia) and Boston (Massachusetts) among others. Innovation districts based on the 22@ Barcelona’s model can be defined as top-down urban innovation ecosystems designed around four multilayered and multidimensional models of innovation: urban planning, productive, collaborative, and creative, all coordinated under strong leadership, with the ultimate objectives to accelerate the innovation process and competitiveness of a locality. Innovation districts aim to respond to a new economic paradigm in which economic production flows back to cities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20ecosystem" title="innovation ecosystem">innovation ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=governance" title=" governance"> governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20park" title=" technology park"> technology park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20policy" title=" urban policy"> urban policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20regeneration" title=" urban regeneration"> urban regeneration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57967/a-framework-for-defining-innovation-districts-a-case-study-of-22-at-barcelona" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57967.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2264</span> Importance of Road Infrastructure on the People Live in Afghanistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mursal%20Ibrahim%20Zada">Mursal Ibrahim Zada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since 2001, the new Government of Afghanistan has put the improvement of transportation in rural area as one of the key issues for the development of the country. Since then, about 17,000 km of rural roads were planned to be constructed in the entire country. This thesis will assess the impact of rural road improvement on the development of rural communities and housing facilities. Specifically, this study aims to show that the improved road has leads to an improvement in the community, which in turn has a positive effect on the lives of rural people. To obtain this goal, a questionnaire survey was conducted in March 2015 to the residents of four different districts of Kabul province, Afghanistan, where the road projects were constructed in recent years. The collected data was analyzed using on a regression analysis considering different factors such as land price, waiting time at the station, travel time to the city, number of employed family members and so on. Three models are developed to demonstrate the relationship between different factors before and after the improvement of rural transportation. The results showed a significant change positively in the value of land price and housing facilities, travel time to the city, waiting time at the station, number of employed family members, fare per trip to the city, and number of trips to the city per month after the pavement of the road. The results indicated that the improvement of transportation has a significant impact on the improvement of the community in different parts, especially on the price of land and housing facility and travel time to the city. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility" title="accessibility">accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghanistan" title=" Afghanistan"> Afghanistan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=housing%20facility" title=" housing facility"> housing facility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20area" title=" rural area"> rural area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20price" title=" land price"> land price</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48003/importance-of-road-infrastructure-on-the-people-live-in-afghanistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48003.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2263</span> Rural Electrification in India-Challenges and Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Chandhra%20Sekhar">P. Chandhra Sekhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20A.%20Deshpande"> R. A. Deshpande</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Raghunatha"> T. Raghunatha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The government of India has given special attention on rural electrification under Rajiv Gandhi Grameena Vidyuthikarana Yojana (RGGVY) during 10th plan and 11th plan. Government of India electrified about 107523 villages and 21164003 BPL Households. This paper briefs about various rural electrification programs initiated by government of India and status of RGGVY in India. The paper mainly describes about challenges in the rural electrification, new ideas recently implemented and suggestions for improvement in the rural electrification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20electrification" title="rural electrification">rural electrification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RGGVY" title=" RGGVY"> RGGVY</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NJY" title=" NJY"> NJY</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BPL" title=" BPL"> BPL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2255/rural-electrification-in-india-challenges-and-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2262</span> The Maldistribution of Doctors and the Responsibility of Medical Education: A Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catherine%20Bernard">Catherine Bernard</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The maldistribution of clinicians within countries is well documented. It is a common theme throughout the world that rural areas often struggle to recruit and retain health workers resulting in inadequate healthcare for many. This paper will concentrate on the responsibilities that medical schools may have in addressing this shortage of rural health workers. Recommendations are made with regards to targeted rural student admissions, rurally-based medical schools, rural clinical rotations and a curriculum orientated towards rural health issues. The evidence gathered suggests that individual factors are positive in encouraging health workers to practice in rural locations. However, there is strength in numbers, and combining all the recommendations will likely result in a synergistic effect, thereby increasing numbers of rural health workers and achieving accessible healthcare for those living in rural populations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20education" title="medical education">medical education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20education%20design" title=" medical education design"> medical education design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20health" title=" public health"> public health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20health" title=" rural health "> rural health </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85021/the-maldistribution-of-doctors-and-the-responsibility-of-medical-education-a-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2261</span> Phytogeography and Regional Conservation Status of Gymnosperms in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raees%20Khan">Raees Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mir%20A.%20Khan"> Mir A. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheikh%20Z.%20Ul%20Abidin"> Sheikh Z. Ul Abidin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20S.%20Mumtaz"> Abdul S. Mumtaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, phytogeography and conservation status of gymnosperms of Pakistan were investigated. 44 gymnosperms species of 18 genera and 9 families were collected from 66 districts of the country. Among the 44 species, 20 species were native (wild) and 24 species were exotic (cultivated). Ephedra sarocarpa of Ephedraceae was not collected in this study from its distribution area and most probably it may be Nationally Extinct now from this area. Previously in Gymnosperms Flora of Pakistan 34 species was reported. 12 new gymnosperms species were recorded for the first time. Pinus wallichiana (40 districts), Cedrus deodara (39 districts) Pinus roxburghii (36 districts), Picea smithiana (36 districts) and Abies pindrow (34 districts) have the maximum ecological amplitude. Juniperus communis (17districts) and Juniperus excelsa (14 districts) were the widely distributed among the junipers. Ephedra foliata (23 districts), Ephedra gerardiana (20 districts) and Ephedra intermedia (19 districts) has the widest distribution range. Taxus fuana was also wider distribution range and recorded in 19 districts but its population was not very stable. These species was recorded to support local flora and fuana, especially endemics. PCORD version 5 clustered all gymnosperms species into 4 communities and all localities into 5 groups through cluster analyses. The Two Way Cluster Analyses of 66 districts (localities) resulted 4 various plant communities. The Gymnosperms in Pakistan are distributed in 3 floristic regions i.e. Western plains of the country, Northern and Western mountainous regions and Western Himalayas. The assessment of the National conservation status of these species, 10 species were found to be threatened, 6 species were endangered, 4 species were critically endangered and 1 species have become extinct (Ephedra sarcocarpa). The population of some species i.e. Taxus fuana, Ephedra gerardiana, Ephedra monosperma, Picea smithiana and Abies spectabilis is decreasing at an alarming rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20status" title="conservation status">conservation status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gymnosperms" title=" gymnosperms"> gymnosperms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytogeography" title=" phytogeography"> phytogeography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82018/phytogeography-and-regional-conservation-status-of-gymnosperms-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2260</span> Rural-Urban Education Gap and Left-Behind Children Education in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiawei%20Liang">Jiawei Liang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Against the backdrop of China's burgeoning migration from rural to urban areas, a demographic group has emerged in China, which is called left-behind children. Due to many reasons, including the issue of the rural-urban education gap, the education of left-behind children has been below the national education average. In this situation, the issue has attracted the attention of researchers and policymakers. In order to gain a comprehensive understanding of this issue, this paper adopts an analytical approach to studying the rural-urban education gap and left-behind children in rural China. The paper first introduces the current situation of migration, the education gap, and left-behind children within China. Then, it further explores the causes of these two questions and barriers as well as the consequences for left-behind children. Finally, the study offers some suggestions to alleviate the urban-rural gap and the current situation of education for left-behind children in rural areas, which will hopefully shed light on the issue of left-behind children in China and the urban-rural education gap. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=left-behind%20children" title="left-behind children">left-behind children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20China" title=" rural China"> rural China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20improvement" title=" education improvement"> education improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hukou%20policy" title=" Hukou policy"> Hukou policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural-urban%20education%20gap" title=" rural-urban education gap"> rural-urban education gap</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157983/rural-urban-education-gap-and-left-behind-children-education-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2259</span> Research on the Application of Renewability in the Construction Model of Zhejiang Rural Revitalization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zheng%20Junchao">Zheng Junchao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Zhu"> Wang Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the advancement of China's urbanization process, the Chinese government has put forward the strategy of rural revitalization which is aiming at realizing the comprehensive integration of urban and rural areas and the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. The path of rural revitalization in Zhejiang province put forward a typical model from four dimensions: suburban area, plain, island and mountain area. Research methods include on-the-spot investigation, visiting a number of successful demonstration villages in Zhejiang and interviewing village officials. Based on the location conditions, resource endowments, industrial forms and development foundations of Zhejiang Province, this paper introduces in detail the model of rural revitalization in Zhejiang Province and the challenges it encounters, as well as the role of building construction. The rural development model of Zhejiang province makes the rural culture flourish. Taking the construction of rural scenic spots as the carrier, the rural culture, and natural landscape are constantly improved. It provides a model and template for the country's rural revitalization. The promotion of Zhejiang rural revitalization model will improve the current rural landscape, living standard and industrial structure, which will narrow the urban-rural gap greatly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20rural%20revitalization" title="comprehensive rural revitalization">comprehensive rural revitalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhejiang%20model" title=" Zhejiang model"> Zhejiang model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reproducible" title=" reproducible"> reproducible</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20integration" title=" comprehensive integration"> comprehensive integration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109437/research-on-the-application-of-renewability-in-the-construction-model-of-zhejiang-rural-revitalization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109437.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2258</span> Exploring the Intrinsic Ecology and Suitable Density of Historic Districts Through a Comparative Analysis of Ancient and Modern Ecological Smart Practices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hu%20Changjuan">Hu Changjuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gong%20Cong"> Gong Cong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Long%20Hao"> Long Hao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although urban ecological policies and the public's aspiration for livable environments have expedited the pace of ecological revitalization, historic districts that have evolved through natural ecological processes often become obsolete and less habitable amid rapid urbanization. This raises a critical question about historic districts inherently incapable of being ecological and livable. The thriving concept of ‘intrinsic ecology,’ characterized by its ability to transform city-district systems into healthy ecosystems with diverse environments, stable functions, and rapid restoration capabilities, holds potential for guiding the integration of ancient and modern ecological wisdom while supporting the dynamic involvement of cultures. This study explores the intrinsic ecology of historic districts from three aspects: 1) Population Density: By comparing the population density before urban population expansion to the present day, determine the reasonable population density for historic districts. 2) Building Density: Using the ‘Space-mate’ tool for comparative analysis, form a spatial matrix to explore the intrinsic ecology of building density in Chinese historic districts. 3) Green Capacity Ratio: By using ecological districts as control samples, conduct dual comparative analyses (related comparison and upgraded comparison) to determine the intrinsic ecological advantages of the two-dimensional and three-dimensional green volume in historic districts. The study inform a density optimization strategy that supports cultural, social, natural, and economic ecology, contributing to the creation of eco-historic districts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-historic%20districts" title="eco-historic districts">eco-historic districts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intrinsic%20ecology" title=" intrinsic ecology"> intrinsic ecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suitable%20density" title=" suitable density"> suitable density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20capacity%20ratio." title=" green capacity ratio."> green capacity ratio.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189342/exploring-the-intrinsic-ecology-and-suitable-density-of-historic-districts-through-a-comparative-analysis-of-ancient-and-modern-ecological-smart-practices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2257</span> Research on the Evolutionary Character of Capital in Rural Areas and Counter-Measure of Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20Song">Han Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tingting%20Wei"> Tingting Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong%20Chen"> Dong Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The combination of capital and rural areas in China has shown its great significance in promoting urban-rural integration and new-style urbanization, enhancing regional capacity for sustainable rural development and optimizing human settlement environment. The purpose of this study is to find capital operation mechanism in rural area and rural planning guidance in China. Based on case studies in Chinese rural areas, two types of capital operation mechanism in rural areas are summed up: intervention in the field of agriculture promoting the upgrading and innovation of agricultural industry chain, intervention in rural life and leisure areas updating rural connotation and form. In the light of experiences in Japan and Taiwan, it is proposed that government's norms and guidance, rural investment intensity and rural self-organization are three important factors for capital to drive rural development. It is also found that the unique land tenure and rural governance tradition are two important factors effecting the combination of capital and rural regions in China, which requires full attention in rational policy-making and rural planning. It comes to a conclusion as four directions of the overall reform of the rural planning: targeting at enhancing the viability of rural and sustainable capacity, encouraging differences in investment incentives and planning policies, providing land usage in the rural areas with planning support and reforming the village system. Directional guidance is also made for different types of capital investments, suggesting that capital should be rooted in agriculture and rural land to benefit farmers and update human settlements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capital" title="capital">capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20areas" title=" rural areas"> rural areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20planning" title=" rural planning"> rural planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20governance" title=" rural governance"> rural governance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35127/research-on-the-evolutionary-character-of-capital-in-rural-areas-and-counter-measure-of-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35127.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2256</span> Identifying Neighborhoods at Potential Risk of Food Insecurity in Rural British Columbia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirmohsen%20Behjat">Amirmohsen Behjat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleck%20Ostry"> Aleck Ostry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Miewald"> Christina Miewald</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernie%20Pauly"> Bernie Pauly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Substantial research has indicated that socioeconomic and demographic characteristics’ of neighborhoods are strong determinants of food security. The aim of this study was to develop a Food Insecurity Neighborhood Index (FINI) based on the associated socioeconomic and demographic variables to identify the areas at potential risk of food insecurity in rural British Columbia (BC). Principle Component Analysis (PCA) technique was used to calculate the FINI for each rural Dissemination Area (DA) using the food security determinant variables from Canadian Census data. Using ArcGIS, the neighborhoods with the top quartile FINI values were classified as food insecure. The results of this study indicated that the most food insecure neighborhood with the highest FINI value of 99.1 was in the Bulkley-Nechako (central BC) area whereas the lowest FINI with the value of 2.97 was for a rural neighborhood in the Cowichan Valley area. In total, 98.049 (19%) of the rural population of British Columbians reside in high food insecure areas. Moreover, the distribution of food insecure neighborhoods was found to be strongly dependent on the degree of rurality in BC. In conclusion, the cluster of food insecure neighbourhoods was more pronounced in Central Coast, Mount Wadington, Peace River, Kootenay Boundary, and the Alberni-Clayoqout Regional Districts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neighborhood%20food%20insecurity%20index" title="neighborhood food insecurity index">neighborhood food insecurity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socioeconomic%20and%20demographic%20determinants" title=" socioeconomic and demographic determinants"> socioeconomic and demographic determinants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20component%20analysis" title=" principal component analysis"> principal component analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Canada%20census" title=" Canada census"> Canada census</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ArcGIS" title=" ArcGIS"> ArcGIS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96068/identifying-neighborhoods-at-potential-risk-of-food-insecurity-in-rural-british-columbia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2255</span> Marketing Strategy of Agricultural Products in Remote Districts: A Case Study of Mudan Township, Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying-Hsiang%20Ho">Ying-Hsiang Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsiao-Tseng%20Lin"> Hsiao-Tseng Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mudan Township is a remote mountainous area in Taiwan. In recent years, due to the migration of the population, inconvenient transportation, digital divide, and low production, agricultural products marketing have become a major issue. This research aims to develop the marketing strategy suitable for the agricultural products of the rural areas. The main objective of this work is to conduct in-depth interviews with scholars and experts in the marketing field, combined with the marketing 4P combination, to analyze and summarize the possible marketing strategies for agricultural products for remote districts. The interviews consist of seven experts from industry who have practical experience in producing, marketing, and selling agricultural products and three professors that have experience in teaching marketing management. The in-depth interviews are conducted for about an hour using a pre-drafted interview outline. The results of the interviews are summarized by semantic analysis and presented in a marketing 4P combination. The results indicate that in terms of products, high-quality products with original characteristics can be added through the implementation of production history, organic certification, and cultural packaging. In the place part, we found that the use of emerging communities, the emphasis on cross-industry alliances, the improvement of information application capabilities of rural households, production and marketing group, and contractual farming system are the development priorities. In terms of promotion, it should be an emphasis on the management of internet social media and word-of-mouth marketing. Mudan Township may consider promoting agricultural products through special festivals such as farmer's market, wild ginger flower season and hot spring season. This research also proposes relevant recommendations for the government's public sector and related industry reference for the promotion of agricultural products for remote area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20strategy" title="marketing strategy">marketing strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20districts" title=" remote districts"> remote districts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20products" title=" agricultural products"> agricultural products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-depth%20interviews" title=" in-depth interviews"> in-depth interviews</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106063/marketing-strategy-of-agricultural-products-in-remote-districts-a-case-study-of-mudan-township-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106063.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2254</span> Analyzing the Perceived Relationship between Motivation and Satisfaction for Rural Tourists in a Digital World</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20P.%20Tsephe">N. P. Tsephe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20D.%20Eyono%20Obono"> S. D. Eyono Obono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rural tourism is usually associated with rural development because it has strong linkages to rural resources; but it remains underdeveloped compared to urban tourism. This underdevelopment of rural tourism serves as a motivation for this study whose aim is to examine the factors affecting the perceived satisfaction of rural tourists. The objectives of this study are: to identify and design theories and models on rural tourism satisfaction, and to empirically validate these models and theories through a survey of tourists from the Malealea Lodge which is located in the Mafeteng District, in the Mountain Kingdom of Lesotho. Data generated by the collection of questionnaires used by this survey was analyzed quantitatively using descriptive statistics and correlations in SPSS after checking the validity and the reliability of the questionnaire. The main hypothesis behind this study is the relationship between the demographics of rural tourists, the motivation, and their satisfaction of tourists, as supported by existing literature; except that motivation is measured in this study according to three dimensions: push factors, pull factors, and perceived usefulness of ICT's in the rural tourism experience. Findings from this study indicate that among the demographics factors, continent of origin and marital status influence the satisfaction of rural tourists; and their occupation affects their perceptions on the use of ICT's in rural tourism. Moreover, only pull factors were found to influence the satisfaction of rural tourists. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20world" title="digital world">digital world</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20tourism" title=" rural tourism"> rural tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisfaction" title=" satisfaction"> satisfaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14981/analyzing-the-perceived-relationship-between-motivation-and-satisfaction-for-rural-tourists-in-a-digital-world" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2253</span> Urbanization in Delhi: A Multiparameter Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishu%20Surender">Ishu Surender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Amez%20Khair"> M. Amez Khair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishan%20Singh"> Ishan Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urbanization is a multidimensional phenomenon. It is an indication of the long-term process for the shift of economics to industrial from rural. The significance of urbanization in modernization, socio-economic development, and poverty eradication is relevant in modern times. This paper aims to study the urbanization index model in the capital of India, Delhi using aspects such as demographic aspect, infrastructural development aspect, and economic development aspect. The urbanization index of all the nine districts of Delhi will be determined using multiple parameters such as population density and the availability of health and education facilities. The definition of the urban area varies from city to city and requires periodic classification which makes direct comparisons difficult. The urbanization index calculated in this paper can be employed to measure the urbanization of a district and compare the level of urbanization in different districts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiparameter" title="multiparameter">multiparameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20density" title=" population density"> population density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20regression" title=" multiple regression"> multiple regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20urbanization%20index" title=" normalized urbanization index"> normalized urbanization index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150390/urbanization-in-delhi-a-multiparameter-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150390.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2252</span> Sustainable Agriculture of Tribal Farmers: An Analysis in Koraput and Malkangiri Districts of Odisha, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amrita%20Mishra">Amrita Mishra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tushar%20Kanti%20Das"> Tushar Kanti Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agriculture is the backbone of the economy of Odisha. Sustainability of agriculture holds the key for the development of Odisha. The Sustainable Development Goals are a framework of 17 goals and 169 targets across social, economical and environmental areas of sustainable development. Among all the seventeen goals the second goal is focusing on the promotion of Sustainable Agriculture. In this research our main aim is also to contribute an understanding of effectiveness of sustainable agriculture as a tool for rural development in the selected tribal district (i.e. Koraput and Malkangiri) of Odisha. These two districts are comes under KBK districts of Odisha which are identified as most backward districts of Odisha. The objectives of our study are to investigate the effect of sustainable agriculture on the lives of tribal farmers, to study whether the farmers are empowered by their participation in sustainable agriculture initiatives to move towards their own vision of development and to study the investment and profit ratio in sustainable agriculture. This research will help in filling the major gaps in sociological studies of sustainable agriculture. This information will helpful for farmers, development organisations, donors and policy makers in formulating the development of effective initiatives and policies to support the development of sustainable agriculture. In this study, we have taken 210 respondents and used various statistical techniques like chi-square test, one-way ANOVA and percentage analysis. This research shows that sustainable agriculture is an effective development strategy that benefits the tribal farmers to move towards their own vision of Good Fortune. The poor farmers who struggle to feed their families and maintain viable livelihoods on shrinking land for them sustainable agriculture are really benefited. The farmers are using homemade pesticides, manure and also getting the seeds from different development organisations and Government. So the investment in Sustainable Agriculture is very less. All farmers said their lives are now better than before. The creation of farmers groups for training and marketing for the produces was shown to be very important for empowerment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title="sustainable">sustainable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title=" agriculture"> agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tribal%20farmers" title=" tribal farmers"> tribal farmers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empowerment" title=" empowerment"> empowerment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104576/sustainable-agriculture-of-tribal-farmers-an-analysis-in-koraput-and-malkangiri-districts-of-odisha-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104576.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">174</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2251</span> Effect of Rural Entrepreneurship in Rural Development in Nigeria: A Study of Selected Entrepreneurs in Ikwuano Local Government Area, Abia State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ifeanyi%20Charles%20Otuokere">Ifeanyi Charles Otuokere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victoria%20Nneoma%20Nnochiri"> Victoria Nneoma Nnochiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Entrepreneurship generally and specifically within the rural communities in Nigeria is a fast means of bringing development within the communities. This is made possible by utmost maximization and management of available local resources to develop rural areas through good management of these local resources. This study anchors on the rural development paradigm and the integrated rural development theories to understudy the knowledge of rural entrepreneurs on rural economic development. The research study made use of surveys and descriptive analysis. The assessable population for the study, which was randomly selected, is 100 rural entrepreneurs from ten rural communities within the Ikwuano Local Government Area of Abia State. The study made use of both primary and secondary as a source of data collection with much emphasis on a primary source, although secondary data such as journals, textbooks electronic sources were also utilised. A carefully structured questionnaire drafted to extract raw data was administered to selected entrepreneurs. The findings of the study showed that developments within rural communities can only be achieved through rural entrepreneurship. This is evidenced in increased output, job creation, and most importantly, reduction of rural to urban migration, among other things. Recommendations were also made based on these findings; the researchers recommended that infrastructural developments should be made available in the rural communities and government policies should create enabling environments along with other assistance to help these rural entrepreneurs achieve their sole aim. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20developments" title="economic developments">economic developments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20communities" title=" rural communities"> rural communities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20development" title=" rural development"> rural development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20entrepreneurship" title=" rural entrepreneurship"> rural entrepreneurship</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138306/effect-of-rural-entrepreneurship-in-rural-development-in-nigeria-a-study-of-selected-entrepreneurs-in-ikwuano-local-government-area-abia-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138306.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2250</span> The Role of the General Budget in the Agricultural and Rural Development as an Alternative Economic outside the Hydrocarbons Sector </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kherbache%20Radhwane">Kherbache Radhwane</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is concerned with the nature of the strategy of agricultural and rural development, through the fiscal policy adopted by the government throughout programs included in the general budget of the state represented in the national program of agricultural and rural development. This study concluded that the general balance play an important role in the design of the strategy of agricultural and rural development despite the numerous problems clear in the result of the precedent plans of agricultural and rural development. Based on that we suggest that more importance should be accorded to the agricultural and rural field and that it should be one among economic alternatives to the collection of petroleum, as the countryside is the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=general%20balance" title="general balance">general balance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20economy" title=" political economy"> political economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy%20of%20agricultural%20and%20rural%20development" title=" strategy of agricultural and rural development"> strategy of agricultural and rural development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20alternatives" title=" economic alternatives"> economic alternatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collection%20of%20petroleum" title=" collection of petroleum"> collection of petroleum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11312/the-role-of-the-general-budget-in-the-agricultural-and-rural-development-as-an-alternative-economic-outside-the-hydrocarbons-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11312.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2249</span> Branding a Powerful Catalyst for Rural Economic Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojtaba%20Borhani">Mojtaba Borhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> By employing the unique characteristics of a region, its economy, climate, geography, and culture, rural communities can create distinctive products. This approach not only boosts economic opportunities but also promotes sustainable growth and preserves cultural heritage. A strategic focus on branding and intellectual property (IP) is essential. By developing strong brands, rural areas can differentiate their products, increase their market value, and build consumer loyalty. Moreover, IP protection safeguards the creative and innovative output of rural communities, incentivizing further development. Rural branding can serve as a cornerstone for community empowerment. It can help to prevent rural exodus by providing economic incentives and a strong sense of place. Additionally, by protecting traditional knowledge and cultural expressions, branding contributes to the long-term sustainability of rural livelihoods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20property" title="intellectual property">intellectual property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20branding" title=" regional branding"> regional branding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20economy" title=" rural economy"> rural economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188951/branding-a-powerful-catalyst-for-rural-economic-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188951.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2248</span> Rural Water Supply Services in India: Developing a Composite Summary Score</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mimi%20Roy">Mimi Roy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sriroop%20Chaudhuri"> Sriroop Chaudhuri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sustainable water supply is among the basic needs for human development, especially in the rural areas of the developing nations where safe water supply and basic sanitation infrastructure is direly needed. In light of the above, we propose a simple methodology to develop a composite water sustainability index (WSI) to assess the collective performance of the existing rural water supply services (RWSS) in India over time. The WSI will be computed by summarizing the details of all the different varieties of water supply schemes presently available in India comprising of 40 liters per capita per day (lpcd), 55 lpcd, and piped water supply (PWS) per household. The WSI will be computed annually, between 2010 and 2016, to elucidate changes in holistic RWSS performances. Results will be integrated within a robust geospatial framework to identify the ‘hotspots’ (states/districts) which have persistent issues over adequate RWSS coverage and warrant spatially-optimized policy reforms in future to address sustainable human development. Dataset will be obtained from the National Rural Drinking Water Program (NRDWP), operating under the aegis of the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MoDWS), at state/district/block levels to offer the authorities a cross-sectional view of RWSS at different levels of administrative hierarchy. Due to simplistic design, complemented by spatio-temporal cartograms, similar approaches can also be adopted in other parts of the world where RWSS need a thorough appraisal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20water%20supply%20services" title="rural water supply services">rural water supply services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piped%20water%20supply" title=" piped water supply"> piped water supply</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20index" title=" composite index"> composite index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial" title=" spatial"> spatial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drinking%20water" title=" drinking water"> drinking water</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71515/rural-water-supply-services-in-india-developing-a-composite-summary-score" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71515.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2247</span> The Sustainable Development of Chinese Rural Areas Promoted by Agricultural Cultural and Creative Industries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Chuhao">Jin Chuhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Xiang"> Chen Xiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, due to the rapid development of Chinese urbanization, a great deal of rural population surge into urban to make a living. This fact causes the vicious circulation of rural development including sharp decrease of agricultural labor force in rural area, the obvious increase of rural land price, the shrinking of traditional agriculture and the bigger gap between Chinese urban and rural areas. With the improvement of living condition and ideological level of the Chinese people, the use and renewal of the traditional villages are gaining more and more attention, thus agricultural cultural and creative industries appears. Basing on the investigation of practical projects, this paper discusses how the agricultural cultural and creative industries promote the sustainable development of Chinese rural areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20design" title="sustainable design">sustainable design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20rural%20areas" title=" Chinese rural areas"> Chinese rural areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewal" title=" renewal"> renewal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20cultural%20and%20creative%20industries" title=" agricultural cultural and creative industries"> agricultural cultural and creative industries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44219/the-sustainable-development-of-chinese-rural-areas-promoted-by-agricultural-cultural-and-creative-industries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44219.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">530</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2246</span> Age at Menarche and Menopause among Bidi Workers Women of Sagar District of Central India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arun%20Kumar">Arun Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For the present study a total of 219 women, from urban and rural areas of Sagar district of central India were selected. The mean age at menarche of rural women was found 13.89±1.17 years and for urban women, it was 13.78±1.12 years. The difference between the mean age at menarche of urban and rural women was statistically insignificant (t=0.580, p≤0.05). Mean age at menopause among rural women was (47.4±4.92). The difference between the mean of urban and rural women was statistically insignificant (t=0.739 and p≤0.05). These findings indicate that rural women experience menopause at a later age as compared to their urban counterparts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menarche" title="menarche">menarche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=menopause" title=" menopause"> menopause</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban" title=" urban"> urban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural" title=" rural"> rural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bidi%20workers" title=" Bidi workers"> Bidi workers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47455/age-at-menarche-and-menopause-among-bidi-workers-women-of-sagar-district-of-central-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2245</span> Revitalization Strategy of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Rural Areas Organized by Production-Living-Ecology Spatial Network at Township Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liuhui%20Zhu">Liuhui Zhu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peng%20Zeng"> Peng Zeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rural revitalization strategy means to take the country and the city on the same level, and achieve urban-rural integration and comprehensive development of rural areas. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei rural areas have always been the weak links in the region, with prominently uneven development between urban and rural areas. The rural areas need to join the overall regional synergy. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and problems of rural development in the region from the perspective of production-living-ecology space, the paper proposes the township as the basic unit for rural revitalization according to the overall requirements of the rural revitalization strategy. The basic unit helps to realize resource arrangement, functional organization, and collaborative governance organized by the production-living-ecology spatial network. The paper summarizes the planning strategies for the basic unit. Through spatial cognition and spatial reconstruction, the three space is networked through the base, nodes, and connections to improve the comprehensive value of rural areas and achieve the multiple goals of rural revitalization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20revitalization" title="rural revitalization">rural revitalization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei%20region" title=" Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region"> Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=township%20level" title=" township level"> township level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production-living-ecology%20spatial%20network" title=" production-living-ecology spatial network"> production-living-ecology spatial network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116760/revitalization-strategy-of-beijing-tianjin-hebei-rural-areas-organized-by-production-living-ecology-spatial-network-at-township-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2244</span> Evaluation of Cultural Landscape Perception in Waterfront Historic Districts Based on Multi-source Data - Taking Venice and Suzhou as Examples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuyu%20Zhang">Shuyu Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The waterfront historical district, as a type of historical districts on the verge of waters such as the sea, lake, and river, have a relatively special urban form. In the past preservation and renewal of traditional historic districts, there have been many discussions on the land range, and the waterfront and marginal spaces are easily overlooked. However, the waterfront space of the historic districts, as a cultural landscape heritage combining historical buildings and landscape elements, has strong ecological and sustainable values. At the same time, Suzhou and Venice, as sister water cities in history, have more waterfront spaces that can be compared in urban form and other levels. Therefore, this paper focuses on the waterfront historic districts in Venice and Suzhou, establishes quantitative evaluation indicators for environmental perception, makes analogies, and promotes the renewal and activation of the entire historical district by improving the spatial quality and vitality of the waterfront area. First, this paper uses multi-source data for analysis, such as Baidu Maps and Google Maps API to crawl the street view of the waterfront historic districts, uses machine learning algorithms to analyze the proportion of cultural landscape elements such as green viewing rate in the street view pictures, and uses space syntax software to make quantitative selectivity analysis, so as to establish environmental perception evaluation indicators for the waterfront historic districts. Finally, by comparing and summarizing the waterfront historic districts in Venice and Suzhou, it reveals their similarities and differences, characteristics and conclusions, and hopes to provide a reference for the heritage preservation and renewal of other waterfront historic districts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waterfront%20historical%20district" title="waterfront historical district">waterfront historical district</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20landscape" title=" cultural landscape"> cultural landscape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-source%20Data" title=" multi-source Data"> multi-source Data</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140130/evaluation-of-cultural-landscape-perception-in-waterfront-historic-districts-based-on-multi-source-data-taking-venice-and-suzhou-as-examples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140130.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2243</span> Exploring Women Perceptions on the Benefit Package of the Free Maternal Health Policy under the Universal Health Coverage of the National Health Insurance Scheme in Rural Upper West Region of Ghana: A Qualitative study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Suuk%20Laar">Alexander Suuk Laar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanuel%20Bekyieriya"> Emmanuel Bekyieriya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvester%20Isang"> Sylvester Isang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benjamin%20Baguune"> Benjamin Baguune</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: In Ghana, despite the implementation of strategies and initiatives to ensure universal access to reproductive health and family planning (FP) services for the past two decades, interventions have not adequately addressed the access and utilization needs of women of reproductive age, especially in rural Ghana. To improve access and use of reproductive and maternal health services in Ghana, a free maternal care exemption policy under the universal health coverage of the National Health Insurance Scheme was implemented in 2005. Despite the importance of FP, this service was left out of the benefit package of the policy. Low or no use of FP services is often associated with poor health among women. However, to date, there has been limited research on perspectives of women for not making FP services as part of the benefit package of the free maternal health services. This qualitative study explored perceptions of women on the comprehensiveness of the free maternal health benefit package and the effects on utilisation of services in the rural Upper West region of Ghana to improve services. Methods: This exploratory qualitative study used focus group discussions with pregnant and lactating women in three rural districts in the Upper West region of Ghana. Six focus groups were held with both pregnant women and lactating mothers at the time of the interview. Three focus group discussions were organised with the same category of women in each district. We used a purposive sampling procedure to select the participants from the districts. The interviews with the written consent of the participants lasted between 60 minutes and 120 minutes. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using Braun and Clarke thematic framework guidelines. Results: This research presents an in-depth account of women's perceptions on the effects associated with the uptake of FP services and its exclusion from the benefit package of the free maternal health policy. Our study found that participants did not support the exclusion of FP services in the benefit package. Participants mentioned factors hampering their access to and use of FP and contraceptive services to include the cost of services, distance and cost of transport to health facilities, lack of knowledge about FP services, socio-cultural norms and negative attitude of healthcare professionals. Participants are of the view that making FP services part of the benefit package could have addressed the cost aspect of services which act as the main barrier to improve the use of services by poor rural women. Conclusion: Women of reproductive age face cost barriers that limit their access to and use of FP and contraception services in the rural Upper West region of Ghana and need health policymakers to revise the free maternal health package to include FP services. It is essential for policymakers to begin considering revising the free maternal health policy benefit package to include FP services to help address the cost barrier for rural poor women to use services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benefit%20package" title="benefit package">benefit package</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=free%20maternal%20policy" title=" free maternal policy"> free maternal policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghana" title=" Ghana"> Ghana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20Upper%20West%20Region" title=" rural Upper West Region"> rural Upper West Region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Universal%20Health%20Coverage." title=" Universal Health Coverage."> Universal Health Coverage.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141123/exploring-women-perceptions-on-the-benefit-package-of-the-free-maternal-health-policy-under-the-universal-health-coverage-of-the-national-health-insurance-scheme-in-rural-upper-west-region-of-ghana-a-qualitative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Torqabe%20and%20Shandiz%20rural%20districts&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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