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Available in 16 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-16" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">16 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D8%A4%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%88" title="لوئیس دؤیوشو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لوئیس دؤیوشو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitva_u_Lewes" title="Bitva u Lewes – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bitva u Lewes" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlacht_von_Lewes" title="Schlacht von Lewes – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schlacht von Lewes" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalla_de_Lewes" title="Batalla de Lewes – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Batalla de Lewes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%B3" title="نبرد لوئس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نبرد لوئس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataille_de_Lewes" title="Bataille de Lewes – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bataille de Lewes" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_di_Lewes" title="Battaglia di Lewes – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Battaglia di Lewes" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A1" title="קרב לואס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרב לואס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%81%AE%E6%88%A6%E3%81%84" title="ルイスの戦い – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルイスの戦い" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwa_pod_Lewes" title="Bitwa pod Lewes – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bitwa pod Lewes" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalha_de_Lewes" title="Batalha de Lewes – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Batalha de Lewes" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%9B%D1%8C%D1%8E%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5" title="Битва при Льюисе – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Битва при Льюисе" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lewes" title="Battle of Lewes – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Battle of Lewes" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Битка код Луиса – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Битка код Луиса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewes_Muharebesi" title="Lewes Muharebesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lewes Muharebesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_Lewes&params=50_52_43_N_0_0_50_W_region:GB-ESX_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°52′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°0′50″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.87861°N 0.01389°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.87861; -0.01389</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1264 battle of the Second Barons' War</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lewes_Road" title="Battle of Lewes Road">Battle of Lewes Road</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Lewes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Second_Barons%27_War" title="Second Barons' War">Second Barons' War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lewes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Lewes.jpg/300px-Lewes.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Lewes.jpg/450px-Lewes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Lewes.jpg/600px-Lewes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="747" data-file-height="589" /></a></span><br />Plan of the Battle of Lewes</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>14 May 1264</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Lewes" title="Lewes">Lewes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sussex" title="Sussex">Sussex</a></div><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Battle_of_Lewes&params=50_52_43_N_0_0_50_W_region:GB-ESX_type:event"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°52′43″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°0′50″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.87861°N 0.01389°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.87861; -0.01389</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Baronial victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Royal forces</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Baronial forces</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_England" title="Henry III of England">King Henry III</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Prince Edward</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_of_Cornwall" title="Richard of Cornwall">Richard of Cornwall</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_de_Bohun,_2nd_Earl_of_Hereford" title="Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford">Humphrey de Bohun</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_de_Warenne,_6th_Earl_of_Surrey" title="John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey">John de Warenne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_de_Valence,_1st_Earl_of_Pembroke" title="William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke">William de Valence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Mortimer,_1st_Baron_Mortimer" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Mortimer, 1st Baron Mortimer">Roger Mortimer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort,_6th_Earl_of_Leicester" title="Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester">Simon de Montfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_de_Clare,_7th_Earl_of_Gloucester" title="Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester">Gilbert de Clare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_de_Segrave,_1st_Baron_Segrave" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas de Segrave, 1st Baron Segrave">Nicholas de Segrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_de_Montfort" title="Henry de Montfort">Henry de Montfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_de_Montfort,_Count_of_Nola" title="Guy de Montfort, Count of Nola">Guy de Montfort</a></li> <li>Humphrey (V) de Bohun</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Despenser_(justiciar)" title="Hugh Despenser (justiciar)">Hugh le Despenser</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> ~10,000</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> ~5,000</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> 2,700</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Unknown</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Second_Barons%27_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Second Barons' War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Second_Barons%27_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Second Barons' War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Second_Barons%27_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Second Barons' War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Second_Barons&#039;_War" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Second_Barons%27_War" title="Second Barons' War"><span class="wrap">Second Barons' War</span></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Northampton_(1264)" title="Battle of Northampton (1264)">Northampton</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lewes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Evesham" title="Battle of Evesham">Evesham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chesterfield" title="Battle of Chesterfield">Chesterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kenilworth" title="Siege of Kenilworth">Kenilworth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LewesBattle_Big.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/LewesBattle_Big.jpg/300px-LewesBattle_Big.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/LewesBattle_Big.jpg/450px-LewesBattle_Big.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/LewesBattle_Big.jpg/600px-LewesBattle_Big.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1136" data-file-height="852" /></a><figcaption>Monument to the Battle of Lewes</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Battle of Lewes</b> was one of two main <a href="/wiki/Battle" title="Battle">battles</a> of the conflict known as the <a href="/wiki/Second_Barons%27_War" title="Second Barons' War">Second Barons' War</a>. It took place at <a href="/wiki/Lewes" title="Lewes">Lewes</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sussex" title="Sussex">Sussex</a>, on 14 May 1264.<sup id="cite_ref-Keen1999_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keen1999-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It marked the high point of the career of <a href="/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort,_6th_Earl_of_Leicester" title="Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester">Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester</a>, and made him the "uncrowned King of England". <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_England" title="Henry III of England">Henry III's</a> forces left the safety of <a href="/wiki/Lewes_Castle" title="Lewes Castle">Lewes Castle</a> and <a href="/wiki/St._Pancras_Priory" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Pancras Priory">St. Pancras Priory</a> to engage the barons in battle and were initially successful, with Henry's son <a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Prince Edward</a> routing part of the baronial army with a cavalry charge. However, Edward pursued his quarry off the battlefield and left Henry's men exposed. Henry was forced to launch an infantry attack up Offham Hill where he was defeated by the barons' men defending the summit. The royalists fled back to the castle and priory and the King was forced to sign the <a href="/wiki/Mise_of_Lewes" title="Mise of Lewes">Mise of Lewes</a>, ceding many of his powers to de Montfort. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lewes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Henry III was an unpopular monarch due to his autocratic style, displays of favouritism and refusal to negotiate with the barons. The barons eventually imposed a constitutional reform known as the <a href="/wiki/Provisions_of_Oxford" title="Provisions of Oxford">Provisions of Oxford</a> upon Henry, including provision for a thrice-yearly meeting led by <a href="/wiki/Simon_de_Montfort,_6th_Earl_of_Leicester" title="Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester">Simon de Montfort</a> to discuss matters of government. Henry sought to escape the restrictions of the provisions and applied to <a href="/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France">Louis IX of France</a> to arbitrate in the dispute. Louis agreed with Henry and annulled the provisions. Montfort was angered by this and rebelled against the King along with other barons in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Barons%27_War" title="Second Barons' War">Second Barons' War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bt_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The war was not initially openly fought, each side toured the country to raise support for their army. A series of massacres of Jews in Worcester, London, Canterbury and other cities was conducted by Montfort's allies.<sup id="cite_ref-KJ_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KJ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 88–90">: 88–90 </span></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JE_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By May, the King's force had reached <a href="/wiki/Lewes" title="Lewes">Lewes</a> where they intended to halt to allow reinforcements to reach them.<sup id="cite_ref-bt_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The King encamped at <a href="/wiki/St._Pancras_Priory" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Pancras Priory">St. Pancras Priory</a> with a force of infantry, while his son, Prince Edward (later <a href="/wiki/King_Edward_I" class="mw-redirect" title="King Edward I">King Edward I</a>), commanded the cavalry at <a href="/wiki/Lewes_Castle" title="Lewes Castle">Lewes Castle</a> 500 yards (460 m) to the north.<sup id="cite_ref-m271_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-m271-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De Montfort approached the King with the intention of negotiating a truce or, failing that, to draw him into open battle. The King rejected the negotiations, and de Montfort moved his men from <a href="/wiki/Fletching,_East_Sussex" title="Fletching, East Sussex">Fletching</a> to Offham Hill, a mile to the north-west of Lewes, in a night march that surprised the royalist forces.<sup id="cite_ref-bt_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-m271_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-m271-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deployment">Deployment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lewes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Deployment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The royalist army approached twice the size of de Montfort's.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry commanded the centre, with Prince Edward, <a href="/wiki/William_de_Valence,_1st_Earl_of_Pembroke" title="William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke">William de Valence, 1st Earl of Pembroke</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_de_Warenne,_6th_Earl_of_Surrey" title="John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey">John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey</a>, on the right; and <a href="/wiki/Richard,_1st_Earl_of_Cornwall" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall">Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall</a>, and his son, <a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Almain" title="Henry of Almain">Henry of Almain</a>, on the left.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-five_commanders_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-five_commanders-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The barons held the higher ground overlooking Lewes and had ordered their men to wear white crosses as a distinguishing emblem.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De Montfort split his forces into four parts, giving his son, <a href="/wiki/Henry_de_Montfort" title="Henry de Montfort">Henry de Montfort</a> command of one quarter; <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_de_Clare,_7th_Earl_of_Gloucester" title="Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester">Gilbert de Clare</a> with <a href="/wiki/John_FitzJohn" title="John FitzJohn">John FitzJohn</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_of_Montchensy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William of Montchensy (page does not exist)">William of Montchensy</a> another; a third portion consisting of Londoners was placed under <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_de_Segrave" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicholas de Segrave">Nicholas de Segrave</a> whilst de Montfort himself led the fourth quarter with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_of_Pelveston&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas of Pelveston (page does not exist)">Thomas of Pelveston</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-five_commanders_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-five_commanders-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lewes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The baronial forces commenced the battle with a surprise dawn attack on foragers sent out from the royalist forces. The King then made his move. Edward led a cavalry charge against Segrave's Londoners, placed on the left of the baronial line, that caused them to break and flee to the village of <a href="/wiki/Hamsey#Offham" title="Hamsey">Offham</a>. Edward pursued them for some four miles, leaving the King unsupported.<sup id="cite_ref-five_commanders_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-five_commanders-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Henry was forced to launch an attack with his centre and right divisions straight up Offham Hill into the baronial line, which awaited them at the defensive. Cornwall's division faltered almost immediately, but Henry's men fought on until compelled to retreat by the arrival of de Montfort's men who had been held back as the baronial reserve.<sup id="cite_ref-five_commanders_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-five_commanders-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The King's men were forced down the hill and into Lewes where they engaged in a fighting retreat to the castle and priory. Edward returned with his weary cavalrymen and launched a counterattack. However, upon locating his father, Edward was persuaded that, with the town ablaze and many of the King's supporters having fled, it was time to accept de Montfort's renewed offer of negotiations.<sup id="cite_ref-five_commanders_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-five_commanders-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Earl of Cornwall was captured by the barons when he was unable to reach the safety of the priory and, being discovered in a <a href="/wiki/Windmill" title="Windmill">windmill</a>, was taunted with cries of "Come down, come down, thou wicked miller."<sup id="cite_ref-SIAS_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIAS-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lewes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The King was forced to sign the so-called <a href="/wiki/Mise_of_Lewes" title="Mise of Lewes">Mise of Lewes</a>. Though the document has not survived, it is clear that Henry was forced to accept the <a href="/wiki/Provisions_of_Oxford" title="Provisions of Oxford">Provisions of Oxford</a>, while Prince Edward remained a hostage of the barons.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This put de Montfort in a position of ultimate power, which would last until Prince Edward's escape, and de Montfort's subsequent defeat and death at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Evesham" title="Battle of Evesham">Battle of Evesham</a> in August 1265.<sup id="cite_ref-bt_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the battle, debts to Jews were cancelled, and the records destroyed; this had been a key war aim.<sup id="cite_ref-JE_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JE-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-KJ_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KJ-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1994, an archaeological survey of the cemetery of St Nicholas Hospital, in Lewes revealed the remains of bodies that were thought to be combatants from the Battle of Lewes.<sup id="cite_ref-sac148_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sac148-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in 2014, it was revealed that some of the skeletons may actually be much older, with a skeleton known as "skeleton 180" being contemporary with the Norman invasion.<sup id="cite_ref-past6_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-past6-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location">Location</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lewes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There remains some uncertainty over the location of the battle, with Offham Hill's eastern and lower slopes covered by modern housing. Recently, a new consensus on the location of the main engagement places it on the current location of <a href="/wiki/HM_Prison_Lewes" title="HM Prison Lewes">HM Prison Lewes</a>. Contemporary sources suggest the initial engagement took place along the approximate lines of what is now Nevill Road. The top and southern slopes remain accessible by footpaths across agricultural land, and the ruins of the priory and castle are also open to visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-bt_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lewes&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Song_of_Lewes" title="The Song of Lewes">The Song of Lewes</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lewes&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Keen1999-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Keen1999_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMaurice_Keen1999" class="citation book cs1">Maurice Keen (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QPeWPiUc-4QC&pg=PA309"><i>Medieval Warfare: A History</i></a>. OUP Oxford. p. 309. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-164738-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-164738-3"><bdi>978-0-19-164738-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Warfare%3A+A+History&rft.pages=309&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-19-164738-3&rft.au=Maurice+Keen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQPeWPiUc-4QC%26pg%3DPA309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Lewes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bt-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bt_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bt_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bt_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bt_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bt_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.battlefieldstrust.com/resource-centre/medieval/battleview.asp?BattleFieldId=22">"Battle of Lewes"</a>. <i>UK Battlefields Resource Centre</i>. Battlefields Trust<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UK+Battlefields+Resource+Centre&rft.atitle=Battle+of+Lewes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.battlefieldstrust.com%2Fresource-centre%2Fmedieval%2Fbattleview.asp%3FBattleFieldId%3D22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Lewes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KJ-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KJ_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KJ_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobin_R._Mundill2010" class="citation cs2">Robin R. Mundill (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/kingsjewsmoneyma00mund"><i>The king's Jews</i></a>, London: Continuum, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781847251862" title="Special:BookSources/9781847251862"><bdi>9781847251862</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2010282921">2010282921</a>, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/466343661">466343661</a>, <a href="/wiki/OL_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OL (identifier)">OL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/books/OL24816680M">24816680M</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+king%27s+Jews&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Continuum&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F466343661&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2010282921&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenlibrary.org%2Fbooks%2FOL24816680M%23id-name%3DOL&rft.isbn=9781847251862&rft.au=Robin+R.+Mundill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fkingsjewsmoneyma00mund&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Lewes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JE-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JE_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JE_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJacobs1903" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Jacobs, Joseph (1903). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/5764-england">"England"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Isidore_Singer" title="Isidore Singer">Singer, Isidore</a>; et al. (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Encyclopedia" title="The Jewish Encyclopedia">The Jewish Encyclopedia</a></i>. Vol. 5. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. pp. 161–174.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=England&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=161-174&rft.pub=Funk+%26+Wagnalls&rft.date=1903&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishencyclopedia.com%2Farticles%2F5764-england&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Lewes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-m271-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-m271_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-m271_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Maddicott, p. 271</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burne, p. 146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prestwich, p. 45.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-five_commanders-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-five_commanders_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-five_commanders_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-five_commanders_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-five_commanders_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-five_commanders_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.english-heritage.org.uk/content/imported-docs/k-o/lewes.pdf">"English Heritage Battlefield Report: Lewes 1264"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=English+Heritage+Battlefield+Report%3A+Lewes+1264&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.english-heritage.org.uk%2Fcontent%2Fimported-docs%2Fk-o%2Flewes.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Lewes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maddicott, p. 271.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prestwich, pp. 45–66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SIAS-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SIAS_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sussexias.co.uk/mills_historic_features.htm">"The Decline and Fall of the Windmill"</a>. Sussex Industrial Archaeology Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Decline+and+Fall+of+the+Windmill&rft.pub=Sussex+Industrial+Archaeology+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sussexias.co.uk%2Fmills_historic_features.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Lewes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Maddicott, pp. 272–273; Prestwich, p. 46.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sac148-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sac148_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarberSiburn2010" class="citation journal cs1">Barber, Luke; Siburn, Lucy (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/arch-285-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_148/05Barber_and_Sibun_ADS.pdf">"The medieval hospital of St Nicholas, Lewes, East Sussex"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Sussex Archaeological Collections</i>. <b>148</b>: 79–109. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5284%2F1085944">10.5284/1085944</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sussex+Archaeological+Collections&rft.atitle=The+medieval+hospital+of+St+Nicholas%2C+Lewes%2C+East+Sussex&rft.volume=148&rft.pages=79-109&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5284%2F1085944&rft.aulast=Barber&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft.au=Siburn%2C+Lucy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchaeologydataservice.ac.uk%2Fcatalogue%2Fadsdata%2Farch-285-1%2Fdissemination%2Fpdf%2Fvol_148%2F05Barber_and_Sibun_ADS.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Lewes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-past6-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-past6_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edwina Livesay. "Skeleton 180 Shock Dating Result". <i>Sussex Past and Present</i> Number 133. p. 6.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lewes&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarberSiburn2010" class="citation journal cs1">Barber, Luke; Siburn, Lucy (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/catalogue/adsdata/arch-285-1/dissemination/pdf/vol_148/05Barber_and_Sibun_ADS.pdf">"The medieval hospital of St Nicholas, Lewes, East Sussex"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Sussex Archaeological Collections</i>. <b>148</b>: 79–109. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5284%2F1085944">10.5284/1085944</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sussex+Archaeological+Collections&rft.atitle=The+medieval+hospital+of+St+Nicholas%2C+Lewes%2C+East+Sussex&rft.volume=148&rft.pages=79-109&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5284%2F1085944&rft.aulast=Barber&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft.au=Siburn%2C+Lucy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchaeologydataservice.ac.uk%2Fcatalogue%2Fadsdata%2Farch-285-1%2Fdissemination%2Fpdf%2Fvol_148%2F05Barber_and_Sibun_ADS.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Lewes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Brooks, Richard (2015). <i>Lewes and Evesham 1264–65; Simon de Montford and the Barons' War</i>. Osprey Campaign Series No. 285. Osprey Publishing. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978%2B1-4728-1150-9" title="Special:BookSources/978+1-4728-1150-9">978 1-4728-1150-9</a>.</li> <li>Burne, A. H. (1950, reprint 2002). <i>The Battlefields of England</i>. London: Penguin. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-139077-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-139077-8">0-14-139077-8</a>.</li> <li>Carpenter, D. A. (1996). <i>The Reign of Henry III</i>, London: Hambledon. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85285-070-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-85285-070-1">1-85285-070-1</a>.</li> <li>Maddicott, J. R. (1994). <i>Simon de Montfort</i>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-37493-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-37493-6">0-521-37493-6</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuriel2014" class="citation journal cs1">Muriel, Wendy, ed. (2014). "Sussex Past and Present Number 133". <i>Sussex Past & Present: The Sussex Archaeological Society Newsletter</i>. Lewes, East Sussex: Sussex Archaeological Society. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1357-7417">1357-7417</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sussex+Past+%26+Present%3A+The+Sussex+Archaeological+Society+Newsletter&rft.atitle=Sussex+Past+and+Present+Number+133&rft.date=2014&rft.issn=1357-7417&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Lewes" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Prestwich, Michael (1988). <i>Edward I</i>, London: Methuen London. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-413-28150-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-413-28150-7">0-413-28150-7</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Lewes&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.simon2014.com">A Lewes 750th anniversary web site</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111003215402/http://www.concharto.com/search/eventsearch.htm?_what=%22battle+of+lewes%22&_zoom=13&_ll=50.885600%2C-0.021973&_maptype=2">A map and timeline</a> of the battle</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164009#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4701035-6">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85076338">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007565573705171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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