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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menyu kuu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menyu kuu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Urambazaji </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mwanzo" title="Tembelea Mwanzo [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Mwanzo</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Jumuia" title="Kuhusu mradi, mambo unaweza kufanya, na mahali pa kugundua vitu"><span>Jumuiya</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Matukio_ya_hivi_karibuni" title="Maarifa kuhusu habari za siku hizi"><span>Matukio ya hivi karibuni</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:MabadalikoyaKaribuni" title="Orodha ya mabadiliko ya hivi karibuni katika Wiki. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Mabadiliko ya karibuni</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:UkurasawaBahati" title="Onyesha ukurasa wa bahati [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Ukurasa wa bahati</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Mahali pa kueleweshwa."><span>Msaada</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Mwanzo" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Kamusi elezo ya maandishi huru" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-sw.svg" width="117" height="10" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.625em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:Tafuta" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Tafuta Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Tafuta</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Tafuta Wikipedia" aria-label="Tafuta Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Tafuta Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Maalum:Tafuta"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Tafuta</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Zana binafsi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Mandhari"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Badilisha mandhari ya ukubwa, upana, na rangi ya fonti ya ukurasa" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mandhari" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mandhari</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sw.wikipedia.org&uselang=sw" class=""><span>Michango</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:SajiliAkaunti&returnto=Intaneti" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Unda akaunti</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:IngiaMtumiaji&returnto=Intaneti" title="Tunakushajiisha kuingia, lakini siyo lazima. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ingia</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Chaguo zaidi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zana binafsi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Zana binafsi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sw.wikipedia.org&uselang=sw"><span>Michango</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:SajiliAkaunti&returnto=Intaneti" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Unda akaunti</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:IngiaMtumiaji&returnto=Intaneti" title="Tunakushajiisha kuingia, lakini siyo lazima. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ingia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tovuti"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Yaliyomo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Yaliyomo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Mwanzo</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Istilahi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Istilahi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Istilahi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Istilahi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Teknolojia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Teknolojia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Teknolojia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Teknolojia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Teknolojia subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Teknolojia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Itifaki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Itifaki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Itifaki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Itifaki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muundo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muundo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Muundo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muundo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Utawala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utawala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Utawala</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Utawala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Matumizi_ya_kisasa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matumizi_ya_kisasa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Matumizi ya kisasa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Matumizi_ya_kisasa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Huduma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Huduma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Huduma</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Huduma-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Huduma subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Huduma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Habari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Habari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Habari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Habari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mawasiliano" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mawasiliano"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Mawasiliano</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mawasiliano-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kuhamisha_data" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kuhamisha_data"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Kuhamisha data</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kuhamisha_data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Upatikanaji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upatikanaji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Upatikanaji</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Upatikanaji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taathira_za_kijamii" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taathira_za_kijamii"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Taathira za kijamii</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Taathira_za_kijamii-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hatari_za_Intaneti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hatari_za_Intaneti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Hatari za Intaneti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hatari_za_Intaneti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jinsi_ya_kudhibiti_intaneti_kama_mzazi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jinsi_ya_kudhibiti_intaneti_kama_mzazi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Jinsi ya kudhibiti intaneti kama mzazi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jinsi_ya_kudhibiti_intaneti_kama_mzazi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tazama_pia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tazama_pia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Tazama pia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tazama_pia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tanbihi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tanbihi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Tanbihi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tanbihi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marejeo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marejeo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Marejeo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marejeo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viungo_vya_nje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Viungo vya nje</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Viungo_vya_nje-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Viungo vya nje subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Viungo_vya_nje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kwa_Kiingereza" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kwa_Kiingereza"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Kwa Kiingereza</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kwa_Kiingereza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Yaliyomo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Geuza uonekanaji wa yaliyomo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Intaneti</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Nenda kwenye makala kwa lugha nyingine. Lugha 219 zinapatikana" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-219" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lugha 219</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intern%C3%A8t" title="Internèt – Kiacheni" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Internèt" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Kiacheni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiafrikana" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Kiafrikana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kijerumani cha Uswisi" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani cha Uswisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%B5%E1%88%A8_%E1%8C%88%E1%8C%BD_%E1%88%98%E1%88%A8%E1%89%A5" title="ድረ ገጽ መረብ – Kiamhari" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ድረ ገጽ መረብ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Kiamhari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiaragoni" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Kiaragoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genett" title="Genett – Kiingereza cha Kale" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Genett" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza cha Kale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="इंटरनेट – Kiangika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="इंटरनेट" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Kiangika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="إنترنت – Kiarabu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إنترنت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%A2%DC%9B%DC%AA%DC%A2%DC%9B" title="ܐܢܛܪܢܛ – Kiaramu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܢܛܪܢܛ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Kiaramu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="أنترنيت – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أنترنيت" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="انترنت – Kiarabu cha Misri" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انترنت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Kiarabu cha Misri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F" title="ইণ্টাৰনেট – Kiassam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইণ্টাৰনেট" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Kiassam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiasturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Kiasturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="इंटरनेट – Kiawadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="इंटरनेट" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Kiawadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nternet" title="İnternet – Kiazerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İnternet" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Kiazerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="اينترنت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اينترنت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kibashkiri" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Kibashkiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetz" title="Internetz – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Internetz" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internets" title="Internets – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Internets" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Інтэрнэт – Kibelarusi" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Інтэрнэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Kibelarusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Інтэрнэт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Інтэрнэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intern%C3%A8t" title="Internèt – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Internèt" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kibulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Kibulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="इंटरनेट – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इंटरनेट" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%90nt%C9%9Brin%C9%9Bti" title="Ɛntɛrinɛti – Kibambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Ɛntɛrinɛti" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Kibambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F" title="ইন্টারনেট – Kibengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইন্টারনেট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Kibengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenrouedad" title="Kenrouedad – Kibretoni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kenrouedad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Kibretoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kibosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Kibosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kikatalani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Kikatalani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4-li%C3%A8ng-u%C5%8Dng" title="Hô-lièng-uōng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hô-lièng-uōng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0" title="Интермаша – Kichechenia" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Интермаша" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Kichechenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kichebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Kichebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8F%8F%E1%8E%B3%E1%8F%95%E1%8F%AB%E1%8F%92%E1%8E%A2" title="ᎠᏏᎳᏕᏫᏒᎢ – Kicherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᏏᎳᏕᏫᏒᎢ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Kicherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8E%D8%AA" title="ئینتەرنێت – Kikurdi cha Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئینتەرنێت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi cha Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nternet" title="İnternet – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İnternet" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kicheki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Kicheki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%81%D1%94%D0%BB%D1%94%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%A7_%D0%BC%D1%80%D1%94%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Всєлєнскаѧ мрєжа – Kislovakia cha Kanisa" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Всєлєнскаѧ мрєжа" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia cha Kanisa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kichuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Kichuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_rhyngrwyd" title="Y rhyngrwyd – Kiwelisi" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y rhyngrwyd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Kiwelisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kidenmaki" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Kidenmaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kijerumani" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Kijerumani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arekw%C3%ABl" title="Arekwël – Dinka" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Arekwël" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="Dinka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nternet" title="İnternet – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İnternet" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%85%CE%BF" title="Διαδίκτυο – Kigiriki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Διαδίκτυο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Kigiriki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Raid_d%C3%A4l_Raid" title="La Raid däl Raid – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="La Raid däl Raid" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiingereza" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Kiingereza" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interreto" title="Interreto – Kiesperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Interreto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Kiesperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kihispania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Kihispania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiestonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Kiestonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kibaski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Kibaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="اینترنت – Kiajemi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اینترنت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Kiajemi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kifini" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Kifini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kifaroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Kifaroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kifaransa" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Kifaransa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kifrisia cha Kaskazini" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Kaskazini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kifriulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Kifriulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ynternet" title="Ynternet – Kifrisia cha Magharibi" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ynternet" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Kifrisia cha Magharibi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_tIdirl%C3%ADon" title="An tIdirlíon – Kiayalandi" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An tIdirlíon" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Kiayalandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%AF%E7%B6%B2" title="互聯網 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="互聯網" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ent%C3%A8rn%C3%A8t" title="Entèrnèt – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Entèrnèt" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eadar-l%C3%ACon" title="Eadar-lìon – Kigaeli cha Uskoti" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Eadar-lìon" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Kigaeli cha Uskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kigalisi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Kigalisi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiguarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Kiguarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%9F" title="ઇન્ટરનેટ – Kigujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઇન્ટરનેટ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Kigujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddyr-voggyl" title="Eddyr-voggyl – Kimanx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Eddyr-voggyl" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Kimanx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yanar_gizo" title="Yanar gizo – Kihausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Yanar gizo" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Kihausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%B3ng-chi-mi%C3%B3ng-lu" title="Mióng-chi-mióng-lu – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mióng-chi-mióng-lu" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%98" title="אינטרנט – Kiebrania" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אינטרנט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Kiebrania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="अंतरजाल – Kihindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अंतरजाल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Kihindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kikorasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kikorasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kisobia cha Ukanda wa Juu" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Kisobia cha Ukanda wa Juu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ent%C3%A8net" title="Entènet – Kihaiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Entènet" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kihaiti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kihungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Kihungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%81" title="Համացանց – Kiarmenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Համացանց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Kiarmenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiintalingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Kiintalingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiiban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Kiiban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiindonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Kiindonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – lugha ya kisayansi" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="lugha ya kisayansi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intanet" title="Intanet – Kiigbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Intanet" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Kiigbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Kiilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interreto" title="Interreto – Kiido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Interreto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Kiido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interneti%C3%B0" title="Internetið – Kiisilandi" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Internetið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Kiisilandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiitaliano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Kiitaliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%96%83%E1%95%86%E1%93%B4%E1%90%85%E1%94%AD%E1%92%83%E1%91%AF%E1%91%A6_%E1%91%8E%E1%91%8E%E1%95%8B%E1%96%85%E1%93%AF%E1%92%AA%E1%94%AA%E1%91%A6" title="ᖃᕆᓴᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ – Kiinuktituti" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᖃᕆᓴᐅᔭᒃᑯᑦ ᑎᑎᕋᖅᓯᒪᔪᑦ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Kiinuktituti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8D%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="インターネット – Kijapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="インターネット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Kijapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intanet" title="Intanet – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Intanet" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intern%C3%A8t" title="Internèt – Kijava" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Internèt" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Kijava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ინტერნეტი – Kijojia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინტერნეტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Kijojia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kikabylia" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kikabylia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kikazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kikazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%92%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%8F" title="អ៊ីនធើណេត – Kikambodia" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="អ៊ីនធើណេត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Kikambodia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2" title="ಅಂತರಜಾಲ – Kikannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಂತರಜಾಲ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kikannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%84%B7" title="인터넷 – Kikorea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="인터넷" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Kikorea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%90%D9%86%D9%B9%D9%8E%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A0%D9%B9" title="اِنٹَرنؠٹ – Kikashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اِنٹَرنؠٹ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kikashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engorn%C3%A4t" title="Engornät – Kicologne" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Engornät" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Kicologne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Enternet" title="Înternet – Kikurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Înternet" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kikurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kesrosweyth" title="Kesrosweyth – Kikorni" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kesrosweyth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kikorni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kikyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kikyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interrete" title="Interrete – Kilatini" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Interrete" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Kilatini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kilasembagi" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Kilasembagi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kilezighian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Kilezighian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interede" title="Interede – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Interede" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%90nt%C9%9Brn%C9%9B%CC%81t%C9%9B" title="Ɛntɛrnɛ́tɛ – Kilingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Ɛntɛrnɛ́tɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Kilingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94" title="ອິນເຕີເນັດ – Kilaosi" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ອິນເຕີເນັດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Kilaosi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetas" title="Internetas – Kilithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Internetas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Kilithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0k%C4%81rsteiklys" title="Škārsteiklys – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Škārsteiklys" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internets" title="Internets – Kilatvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Internets" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Kilatvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Интернетсь – Lugha ya Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Интернетсь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Lugha ya Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aterineto" title="Aterineto – Kimalagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Aterineto" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Kimalagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiminangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Kiminangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kimacedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Kimacedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇന്റർനെറ്റ് – Kimalayalamu" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇന്റർനെറ്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Kimalayalamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Интернэт – Kimongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Интернэт" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Kimongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%A1%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%9C" title="ꯂꯥꯡꯁꯦꯜ – Kimanipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯂꯥꯡꯁꯦꯜ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Kimanipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="महाजाल – Kimarathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="महाजाल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Kimarathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kimalei" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Kimalei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anternete" title="Anternete – Kimirandi" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Anternete" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Kimirandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="အင်တာနက် – Kiburma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အင်တာနက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Kiburma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kierzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Kierzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="اینترنت – Kimazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اینترنت" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Kimazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kinapoli" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Kinapoli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kisaksoni" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Kisaksoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="इन्टरनेट – Kinepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इन्टरनेट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Kinepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4" title="इन्तरनेत – Kinewari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इन्तरनेत" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Kinewari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiholanzi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Kiholanzi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internett" title="Internett – Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Internett" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internett" title="Internett – Kinorwe cha Bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Internett" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Kinorwe cha Bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enternette" title="Enternette – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Enternette" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiokitani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Kiokitani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantagoo" title="Mantagoo – Kioromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Mantagoo" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Kioromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%A3%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%9F" title="ଇଣ୍ଟରନେଟ – Kioriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଇଣ୍ଟରନେଟ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Kioriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kiosetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Kiosetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%88%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%9F" title="ਇੰਟਰਨੈੱਟ – Kipunjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇੰਟਰਨੈੱਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Kipunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kipangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Kipangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aptas" title="Aptas – Kipampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Aptas" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Kipampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kipapiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Kipapiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kipolandi" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Kipolandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragn%C3%A0" title="Ragnà – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ragnà" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%B9" title="انٹرنیٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="انٹرنیٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%BC%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%90%D9%BC" title="انټرنېټ – Kipashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="انټرنېټ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Kipashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kireno" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Kireno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kikechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Kikechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiromanshi" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Kiromanshi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiromania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Kiromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiaromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Kiaromania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kirusi" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Kirusi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Інтернет – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Інтернет" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="अन्तर्जालम् – Kisanskriti" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="अन्तर्जालम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Kisanskriti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Интэриниэт – Kisakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Интэриниэт" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Kisakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B4" title="ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱴ – Kisantali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱴ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Kisantali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cnternet" title="Ìnternet – Kisardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ìnternet" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Kisardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kisicilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Kisicilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiskoti" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Kiskoti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%BD%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%BD" title="انٽرنيٽ – Kisindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="انٽرنيٽ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Kisindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gb%C3%A2ndasango" title="Gbândasango – Kisango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Gbândasango" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Kisango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiserbia-kroeshia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia-kroeshia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="අන්තර්ජාලය – Kisinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අන්තර්ජාලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Kisinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kislovakia" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Kislovakia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kislovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Kislovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danhautande" title="Danhautande – Kishona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Danhautande" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Kishona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kisomali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Kisomali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interneti" title="Interneti – Kialbania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Interneti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Kialbania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kiserbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Kiserbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intern%C3%A9t" title="Internét – Kisunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Internét" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Kisunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiswidi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Kiswidi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internec" title="Internec – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Internec" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="இணையம் – Kitamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இணையம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Kitamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8A" title="ಅಂತರ್ಜಾಲೊ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಅಂತರ್ಜಾಲೊ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%82" title="అంతర్జాలం – Kitelugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అంతర్జాలం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Kitelugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kitetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Kitetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kitajiki" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Kitajiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%95" title="อินเทอร์เน็ต – Kithai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อินเทอร์เน็ต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Kithai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intanet" title="Intanet – Kitokpisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Intanet" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Kitokpisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nternet" title="İnternet – Kituruki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İnternet" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Kituruki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inthaneti" title="Inthaneti – Kitsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Inthaneti" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Kitsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kitatari" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Kitatari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intaneti" title="Intaneti – Kitumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Intaneti" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Kitumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_(%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%90%D8%AA)" title="تور (ئىنتېرنېت) – Kiuyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="تور (ئىنتېرنېت)" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Kiuyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Інтернет – Kiukraini" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інтернет" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Kiukraini" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%B9" title="انٹرنیٹ – Kiurdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انٹرنیٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Kiurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiuzbeki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Kiuzbeki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kivietinamu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Kivietinamu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bev%C3%BCresod" title="Bevüresod – Kivolapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Bevüresod" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Kivolapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrernete" title="Etrernete – Kiwaloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Etrernete" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Kiwaloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiwaray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Kiwaray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiwolofu" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Kiwolofu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%AF%E7%B6%B2" title="互聯網 – Kichina cha Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="互聯網" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Kichina cha Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Интернет – Kikalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Интернет" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kikalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ინტერნეტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ინტერნეტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%98" title="אינטערנעט – Kiyiddi" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אינטערנעט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Kiyiddi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Kiyoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Kiyoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hulenzvangj" title="Hulenzvangj – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Hulenzvangj" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%9C" title="ⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ – Kiberber Sanifu cha Moroko" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵏⵜⵉⵔⵏⵉⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Kiberber Sanifu cha Moroko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91" title="互联网 – Kichina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="互联网" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Kichina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%AF%E7%B6%B2" title="互聯網 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="互聯網" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Internet" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%AF%E7%B6%B2" title="互聯網 – Kikantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="互聯網" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kikantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uxhakaxholo" title="Uxhakaxholo – Kizulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Uxhakaxholo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Kizulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q75#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Hariri viungo vya lugha zingine" class="wbc-editpage">Hariri viungo</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Maeneo ya wiki"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Intaneti" title="Onyesha kurasa zilizopo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Makala</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Majadiliano:Intaneti" rel="discussion" title="Mazungumzo kuhusu makala [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Majadiliano</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Badilisha lahaja ya lugha" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Kiswahili</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Mitazamo"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Intaneti"><span>Soma</span></a></li><li id="ca-viewsource" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intaneti&action=edit" title="Ukurasa huu umelindwa. Unaweza kutazama chanzo chake. [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Angalia chanzo</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intaneti&action=history" title="Mapitio ya awali ya ukurasa huu [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Fungua historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Zana za ukurasa"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zana" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Zana</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Zana</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ficha</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Vitendo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Intaneti"><span>Soma</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-viewsource" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intaneti&action=edit"><span>Angalia chanzo</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intaneti&action=history"><span>Fungua historia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Kijumla </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:VingoViungavyoUkurasahuu/Intaneti" title="Orodha ya kurasa zote za Wiki zilizounganishwa na ukurasa huu [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Viungo viungavyo ukurasa huu</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:RecentChangesLinked/Intaneti" rel="nofollow" title="Mabadiliko ya karibuni ya katika kurasa zilizounganishwa na ukurasa huu [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Mabadiliko husika</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sw" title="Pakia picha, video, au sauti [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Pakia faili</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Maalum:KurasaMaalum" title="Orodha ya kurasa zote maalumu [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Kurasa maalumu</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intaneti&oldid=1363019" title="Kiungo cha daima cha kufikisha pitio hili la ukurasa"><span>Kiungo cha daima</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intaneti&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Maelezo ya ukurasa</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Taja&page=Intaneti&id=1363019&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Taarifa juu ya njia ya kutaja ukurasa huu"><span>Taja ukurasa huu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIntaneti"><span>Pata URL iliyofupishwa</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIntaneti"><span>Pakua msimbo wa QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Chapa/peleka nje </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:Kusanya&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Intaneti"><span>Tunga kitabu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maalum:DownloadAsPdf&page=Intaneti&action=show-download-screen"><span>Pakua kama PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intaneti&printable=yes" title="Toleo linalochapika la ukurasa huu [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Ukurasa wa kuchapika</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Miradi mingine </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Internet" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q75" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata kifungu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Zana za ukurasa"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Mandhari"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mandhari</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">hamishia kwenye mwambaa upande</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ficha</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sw" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Internet_map_1024.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Internet_map_1024.jpg/300px-Internet_map_1024.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Internet_map_1024.jpg/450px-Internet_map_1024.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Internet_map_1024.jpg/600px-Internet_map_1024.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Picha ya njia mbalimbali katika sehemu ya intaneti.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Intaneti</b> (kutoka <a href="/wiki/Kiingereza" title="Kiingereza">Kiingereza</a> <b>Internet</b>) ni mfumo wa kushirikiana kwa <a href="/wiki/Tarakilishi" title="Tarakilishi">tarakilishi</a> nyingi unaowezesha watu mbalimbali <a href="/wiki/Duniani" class="mw-redirect" title="Duniani">duniani</a> kuwasiliana baina yao. Kupitia <a href="/wiki/Mtandao" class="mw-redirect" title="Mtandao">mtandao</a> huo, <a href="/wiki/Watu" class="mw-redirect" title="Watu">watu</a> huweza kutembelea <a href="/wiki/Tovuti" title="Tovuti">tovuti</a> mbalimbali, kupiga gumzo, na kuandikiana <a href="/wiki/Barua_pepe" title="Barua pepe">barua pepe</a>. </p><p>Intaneti ni mfumo wa kimataifa wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitandao_ya_tarakilishi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitandao ya tarakilishi (bado haujaandikwa)">mitandao ya tarakilishi</a> inayotumia <a href="/wiki/Itifaki" title="Itifaki">itifaki</a> inayokubalika ya intarnet Suite (TCP/IP). Intaneti hubeba safu kubwa ya huduma na <a href="/wiki/Rasilimali" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasilimali">rasilimali</a> za <a href="/wiki/Habari" title="Habari">habari</a> hasa hati za <a href="/w/index.php?title=HyperText&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HyperText (bado haujaandikwa)">HyperText</a> zilizoshikanishwa za <a href="/wiki/Wavuti_wa_ulimwengu_mzima" class="mw-redirect" title="Wavuti wa ulimwengu mzima">wavuti wa ulimwengu mzima</a> (www) na miundombinu ya kusaidia <a href="/wiki/Barua_pepe" title="Barua pepe">barua pepe</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mbinu" title="Mbinu">Mbinu</a> nyingi za jadi za mawasiliano ya habari, kama vile <a href="/wiki/Huduma" class="mw-disambig" title="Huduma">huduma</a> za <a href="/wiki/Rununu" class="mw-redirect" title="Rununu">rununu</a> na <a href="/wiki/Runinga" class="mw-redirect" title="Runinga">runinga</a>, zimeundwa upya kutumia teknolojia za tovuti, na kusababisha huduma kama vile itifaki ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupitisha_sauti_kwa_kutumia_tovuti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kupitisha sauti kwa kutumia tovuti (bado haujaandikwa)">kupitisha sauti kwa kutumia tovuti</a> (VoIP) na <a href="/w/index.php?title=IPTV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPTV (bado haujaandikwa)">IPTV</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uchapishaji" class="mw-redirect" title="Uchapishaji">Uchapishaji</a> <a href="/wiki/Magazeti" class="mw-redirect" title="Magazeti">magazeti</a> umeundwa upya katika <a href="/wiki/Tovuti" title="Tovuti">tovuti</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ubadilishanaji_maoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ubadilishanaji maoni (bado haujaandikwa)">ubadilishanaji maoni</a>, na kupatikana habari zinapotokea tu. Intaneti imewezesha au kuharakisha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uundaji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uundaji (bado haujaandikwa)">uundaji</a> wa aina mpya za mafungamano za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kibinadamu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kibinadamu (bado haujaandikwa)">kibinadamu</a> kupitia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ujumbe_mbashara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ujumbe mbashara (bado haujaandikwa)">ujumbe mbashara</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majukwaa_ya_tovuti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majukwaa ya tovuti (bado haujaandikwa)">majukwaa ya tovuti</a> na <a href="/wiki/Mitandao_ya_kijamii" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitandao ya kijamii">mitandao ya kijamii</a>. </p><p>Kuna <a href="/wiki/Mawasiliano" title="Mawasiliano">mawasiliano</a> ya tarakilishi pamoja na <a href="/wiki/Habari" title="Habari">habari</a> zinazotunzwa kwenye <a href="/wiki/Mashine" title="Mashine">mashine</a> na kupatikana kwa <a href="/wiki/Programu" class="mw-redirect" title="Programu">programu</a> za kutafuta wavuti (kama <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">google</a>) au kwa <a href="/wiki/Kamusi_elezo" title="Kamusi elezo">kamusi elezo</a> kama <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">wikipedia</a>. </p><p>Asili ya intaneti ina mizizi katika <a href="/wiki/Miaka_ya_1960" title="Miaka ya 1960">miaka ya 1960</a> wakati <a href="/wiki/Marekani" title="Marekani">Marekani</a> ilifadhili miradi ya <a href="/wiki/Utafiti" title="Utafiti">utafiti</a> wa makala zake za kijeshi na kujenga mitandao iliyosambaa ya tarakilishi ambazo zina uwezo wa kustahimili mabadiliko na ni vumilivu kwa makosa. Kipindi hiki cha utafiti na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ufadhili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ufadhili (bado haujaandikwa)">ufadhili</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Raia" title="Raia">raia</a> wa Marekani wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uti_mpya_wa_mgongo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uti mpya wa mgongo (bado haujaandikwa)">uti mpya wa mgongo</a> uliofanywa kwa msingi wa kitaifa wa sayansi, ulisababisha <a href="/wiki/Dunia" title="Dunia">dunia</a> yote kushiriki katika <a href="/wiki/Maendeleo" title="Maendeleo">maendeleo</a> ya teknolojia mpya. Pia ulisababisha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ufanyajibiashara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ufanyajibiashara (bado haujaandikwa)">ufanyajibiashara</a> wa tovuti za kimataifa katikati ya <a href="/wiki/Miaka_ya_1990" title="Miaka ya 1990">miaka ya 1990</a>, na kusababisha kujulikana kwa <a href="/wiki/Zana" title="Zana">zana</a> nyingi karibu kila uwanja wa <a href="/wiki/Maisha" title="Maisha">maisha</a> ya kisasa ya binadamu. Kufikia mwaka wa <a href="/wiki/2009" title="2009">2009</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wastani" title="Wastani">wastani</a> wa <a href="/wiki/Robo" title="Robo">robo</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Idadi" title="Idadi">idadi</a> ya watu duniani hutumia huduma ya tovuti. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Istilahi">Istilahi</h2></div> <p>Maneno <i>intaneti</i><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> na <i>mtandao wa ulimwengu mzima</i> mara nyingi hutumika bila tofauti kubwa. Hata hivyo, intaneti na mtandao wa ulimwengu mzima si kitu kimoja, wala hazina maana sawa. Intaneti ni mfumo wa kimataifa wa mawasiliano ya <a href="/wiki/Data" title="Data">data</a>. Ni miundombinu ya vifaa na programu ambayo huwezesha mawasiliano kati ya <a href="/wiki/Kompyuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Kompyuta">kompyuta</a>. Kwa kulinganisha, mtandao ni mojawapo ya huduma inayowasilishwa na intaneti. Ni mkusanyiko wa nyaraka zilizounganishwa na <a href="/wiki/Rasilimali" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasilimali">rasilimali</a> nyingine, zilizoshikanishwa na <a href="/wiki/Viungo" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Viungo">viungo</a> na <a href="/wiki/URL" title="URL">URL</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint"><i>Makala kuu: <a href="/wiki/Historia_ya_Intaneti" title="Historia ya Intaneti">Historia ya Intaneti</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Uzinduzi wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sputnik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sputnik (bado haujaandikwa)">Sputnik</a> na <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a> ulichochea Marekani kuanzisha shirika la utafiti wa juu wa miradi, iliyojulikana kama ARPA, katika mwezi Februari <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a> ili kuongoza kiteknolojia.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ARPA ilitengeneza ofisi ya teknolojia za kuchambua habari (IPTO) ili kuendeleza utafiti wa programu inayojitekeleza ya mazingira ya chini (Sage), ambayo iliunganisha mifumo ya <a href="/wiki/Rada" title="Rada">rada</a> za nchi nzima kwa mara ya kwanza. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=J._C._R_Licklider&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. C. R Licklider (bado haujaandikwa)">J. C. R Licklider</a> alichaguliwa kuwa kiongozi wa IPTO. Licklider alihama kutoka <a href="/wiki/Maabara" title="Maabara">maabara</a> ya masomo yanayochunguza jinsi <a href="/wiki/Ubongo" title="Ubongo">ubongo</a> wa binadamu unavyofasiri <a href="/wiki/Sauti" title="Sauti">sauti</a> katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chuo_Kikuu_cha_Harvard_MIT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard MIT (bado haujaandikwa)">Chuo Kikuu cha Harvard MIT</a> mwaka <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a>, baada ya kuvutiwa na <a href="/wiki/Teknolojia_ya_habari" title="Teknolojia ya habari">teknolojia ya habari</a>. Akiwa MIT, alikuwa kwenye <a href="/wiki/Kamati" title="Kamati">kamati</a> iliyoanzisha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maabara_ya_Lincoln&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maabara ya Lincoln (bado haujaandikwa)">Maabara ya Lincoln</a> na kufanya kazi ya mradi wa Sage. Mwaka wa <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a> akawa Makamu wa Rais katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=BBN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BBN (bado haujaandikwa)">BBN</a>, ambapo alinunua kompyuta ya kwanza ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=PDP-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PDP-1 (bado haujaandikwa)">PDP-1</a> na kuongoza maonyesho ya kwanza ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ugawanaji_muda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ugawanaji muda (bado haujaandikwa)">ugawanaji muda</a>. </p><p>Akiwa IPTO, Licklider alimleta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lawrence_Roberts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lawrence Roberts (bado haujaandikwa)">Lawrence Roberts</a> ili aanzishe mradi wa kutengeneza mtandao, na Roberts alikita msingi wa teknolojia katika kazi ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulo_Baran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulo Baran (bado haujaandikwa)">Paulo Baran</a>, <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ambaye alikuwa ameandika masomo kamili kwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wanajeshi_wa_waangani_wa_Marekani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wanajeshi wa waangani wa Marekani (bado haujaandikwa)">Wanajeshi wa waangani wa Marekani</a> akipendekeza <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ubadilishaji_pakiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ubadilishaji pakiti (bado haujaandikwa)">ubadilishaji pakiti</a> (badala ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ubadilishaji_mzunguko)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ubadilishaji mzunguko) (bado haujaandikwa)">ubadilishaji mzunguko)</a> ili kupata mtandao bora unaobadilika na unaoweza KUstahimili janga. <a href="/wiki/Profesa" title="Profesa">Profesa</a> wa UCLA <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Kleinrock&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonard Kleinrock (bado haujaandikwa)">Leonard Kleinrock</a> alikuwa ametoa msingi wa <a href="/wiki/Nadharia" title="Nadharia">nadharia</a> ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pakiti (bado haujaandikwa)">pakiti</a> za mitandao mwaka 1962, na baadaye, katika mwaka 1970, wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Upitishaji_wa_kiviwango&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upitishaji wa kiviwango (bado haujaandikwa)">upitishaji wa kiviwango</a>, dhana ambazo zimekuwa msingi wa maendeleo ya intaneti ya leo. </p><p>Baada ya kazi nyingi, sehemu mbili za kwanza ambazo zingekuwa <a href="/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a> ziliunganishwa kati ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shule_ya_Uhandisi_na_Sayansi_Tumikizi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shule ya Uhandisi na Sayansi Tumikizi (bado haujaandikwa)">Shule ya Uhandisi na Sayansi Tumikizi</a> ya UCLA na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taasisi_ya_Kimataifa_ya_Utafiti_ya_Stanford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taasisi ya Kimataifa ya Utafiti ya Stanford (bado haujaandikwa)">Taasisi ya Kimataifa ya Utafiti ya Stanford</a> (SRI) katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bustani_ya_Menlo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bustani ya Menlo (bado haujaandikwa)">bustani ya Menlo</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, tarehe <a href="/wiki/29_Oktoba" title="29 Oktoba">29 Oktoba</a> <a href="/wiki/1969" title="1969">1969</a>. ARPANET ilikuwa moja ya mitandao tangulizi ya mtandao wa intaneti ya leo. Kufuatia maonyesho kuwa ubadilishaji pakiti ulifanya kazi kwa ARPANET, kituo cha posta cha <a href="/wiki/Uingereza" title="Uingereza">Uingereza</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telenet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telenet (bado haujaandikwa)">Telenet</a>, TRANSPAC na <a href="/w/index.php?title=DATAPAC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DATAPAC (bado haujaandikwa)">DATAPAC</a> zilishirikiana kuunda mtandao wa kwanza wa huduma ya ubadilishaji pakiti. Nchini Uingereza, hii ilikuwa inajulikana kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huduma_ya_kimataifa_ya_ubadilishaji_pakiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huduma ya kimataifa ya ubadilishaji pakiti (bado haujaandikwa)">huduma ya kimataifa ya ubadilishaji pakiti</a> (IPSS), mwaka <a href="/wiki/1978" title="1978">1978</a>. Mkusanyiko wa mitandao yenye msingi wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=X.25&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X.25 (bado haujaandikwa)">X.25</a> ilikua kutoka <a href="/wiki/Ulaya" title="Ulaya">Ulaya</a> na Marekani na kutanda <a href="/wiki/Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> na <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> kufikia mwaka <a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a>. Sheria ya ubadilishaji pakiti ya X.25 ilitengenezwa katika CCITT (sasa inaitwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=ITU-T)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ITU-T) (bado haujaandikwa)">ITU-T)</a> mwaka <a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a>. </p><p>X.25 ilikuwa huru kutoka itifaki ya TCP/IP ambayo iliinuka kutokana na kuwa kazi ya majaribio ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DARPA (bado haujaandikwa)">DARPA</a> kwenye ARPANET, mtandao wa Pakiti za Redio na Mtandao wa Pakiti ya Setilaiti wakati mmoja. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vinton_Cerf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vinton Cerf (bado haujaandikwa)">Vinton Cerf</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Kahn (bado haujaandikwa)">Robert Kahn</a> walitengeneza maelezo ya kwanza ya itifaki ya TCP mwaka 1973 na kuchapisha karatasi kuhusu mada hii katika mwezi Mei 1974. </p><p>Matumizi ya neno "Internet" kuelezea mtandao mmoja wa kiulimwengu wa TCP/IP yalianza katika mwezi Desemba 1974 na uchapishaji wa <a class="external mw-magiclink-rfc" rel="nofollow" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc675">RFC 675</a>, yakiwa maelezo kamili ya kwanza ya TCP iliyoandikwa na Vinton Cerf, Yogen Dalal na Carl Sunshine, waliokuwa katika <a href="/wiki/Chuo_Kikuu_cha_Stanford" title="Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford">Chuo Kikuu cha Stanford</a>. Katika miaka tisa iliyofuata, kazi iliendelea kurekebisha itifaki hizo na kuzitekeleza katika mifumo ya oparesheni ya aina mbalimbali. Mtandao wa Kwanza wenye upana mkubwa wa msingi wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=TCP_/_IP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TCP / IP (bado haujaandikwa)">TCP / IP</a> ulikuwa ukifanya kazi kufikia tarehe 1 Januari 1983 wakati ambapo viwekaji vyote vya ARPANET vilibadilishwa kutoka itifaki za hapo awali za NCP. Mwaka 1985, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wakfu_wa_Sayansi_wa_kitaifa_Marekani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wakfu wa Sayansi wa kitaifa Marekani (bado haujaandikwa)">Wakfu wa Sayansi wa kitaifa Marekani</a> (NSF) uliamuru ujenzi wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=NSFNET&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NSFNET (bado haujaandikwa)">NSFNET</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uti_wa_mgongo" title="Uti wa mgongo">uti wa mgongo</a> wa mtandao wa <a href="/wiki/Chuo_kikuu" class="mw-redirect" title="Chuo kikuu">chuo kikuu</a> wenye <a href="/wiki/Kasi" title="Kasi">kasi</a> ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kilobaiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kilobaiti (bado haujaandikwa)">kilobaiti</a> 56 kwa <a href="/wiki/Sekunde" title="Sekunde">sekunde</a> kwa kutumia kompyuta zilizoitwa "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuzzballs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuzzballs (bado haujaandikwa)">fuzzballs</a>" na <a href="/wiki/Mvumbuzi" title="Mvumbuzi">mvumbuzi</a> wake, <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_L._Mills&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David L. Mills (bado haujaandikwa)">David L. Mills</a>. Mwaka uliofuata, NSF ilifadhili ubadilishaji hadi mtandao wenye kasi ya juu zaidi ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Megabaiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Megabaiti (bado haujaandikwa)">megabaiti</a> 1.5 kwa sekunde. Maamuzi muhimu kutumia itifaki za <a href="/w/index.php?title=DARPA_TCP/IP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DARPA TCP/IP (bado haujaandikwa)">DARPA TCP/IP</a> ulifanywa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dennis_Jennings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dennis Jennings (bado haujaandikwa)">Dennis Jennings</a>, aliyekuwa msimamizi wa programu ya kompyuta zenye nguvu huko NSF. </p><p>Ufunguzi wa mtandao huo kwa maslahi ya kibiashara ulianza mwaka wa 1988. Baraza ya Mitandao ya Kimajimbo Marekani ilikubali ushikanishaji wa NSFNET na mfumo wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barua_wa_MCI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barua wa MCI (bado haujaandikwa)">barua wa MCI</a> katika mwaka huo, kiungo kilifanywa katika msimu wa joto wa mwaka wa 1989. Huduma zingine za kielektroniki za kibiashara zilishikanishwa zikiwemo: OnTyme, Telemail na Compuserve. Katika mwaka huo, watoaji wa huduma ya Intanet watatu waliundwa: <a href="/w/index.php?title=UUNET,_PSINet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UUNET, PSINet (bado haujaandikwa)">UUNET, PSINet</a> na CERFNET. Muhimu, mitandao tofauti iliyotoa viingilio, na baadaye kuungana na Intanet ilikuwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=BITNET_na_Usenet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BITNET na Usenet (bado haujaandikwa)">BITNET na Usenet</a>. Mitandao mingine ya kibiashara na elimu kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telenet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telenet (bado haujaandikwa)">Telenet</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tymnet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tymnet (bado haujaandikwa)">Tymnet</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Compuserve&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compuserve (bado haujaandikwa)">Compuserve</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=JANET&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JANET (bado haujaandikwa)">JANET</a> iliunganishwa na Intanet iliyokuwa ikikua. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telenet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telenet (bado haujaandikwa)">Telenet</a> (iliyoitwa Sprintnet baadaye ) ulikuwa mtandao mkubwa wa kompyuta wa kitaifa uliofadhiliwa kibinafsi, wenye <a href="/w/index.php?title=Upigaji_simu_ya_intaneti_bure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upigaji simu ya intaneti bure (bado haujaandikwa)">upigaji simu ya intaneti burekatika</a> miji, kote Marekani na uliyokuwa ukifanya kazi tangu mwongo wa 1970. Hatimaye, mtandao huu uliunganishwa na mingine katika mwongo wa 1980 wakati ambapo itifaki ya TCP / IP iliendelea kuwa maarufu zaidi. Uwezo wa TCP/IP kufanya kazi kwa karibu mtandao wowote wa mawasiliano uliruhusu ukuaji rahisi, ingawa ukuaji wa haraka wa Intanet ulikuwa juu ya upatikanaji rahisi wa safu ya vielekezi vya kibiashara kutoka makampuni mengi, upatikanaji wa vifaa vya kibiashara vya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethanet (bado haujaandikwa)">Ethanet</a> ya mitandao ya mitaa, na kuenea kwa utekelezaji na uwekaji sheria mkali wa TCP / IP katika <a href="/wiki/UNIX" title="UNIX">UNIX</a> na karibu kila mfumo mwingine wa oparesheni. </p><p>Ingawa vifaa msingi na miongozo vinavyofanya uwezekanaji wa intanet vimekuwepo kwa karibu miongo miwili, mtandao huo haukupata kuona nyuso za umma mpaka mwongo wa 1990. Tarehe 6 Agosti 1991, <a href="/w/index.php?title=CERN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CERN (bado haujaandikwa)">CERN</a>, shirika ya Ulaya ya utafiti wa chembe, ulieleza umma kuhusu mradi mpya wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matandao_wa_dunia_nzima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matandao wa dunia nzima (bado haujaandikwa)">matandao wa dunia nzima</a>. Mtandao ulizuliwa na mwanasayansi wa<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiingereza_Tim_Berners-Lee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiingereza Tim Berners-Lee (bado haujaandikwa)">Kiingereza Tim Berners-Lee</a> mwaka wa 1989. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kivinjari_cha_mtandao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kivinjari cha mtandao (bado haujaandikwa)">Kivinjari cha mtandao</a> kilichokuwa cha kwanza na chenye umaarufu sana kilikuwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=ViolaWWW&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ViolaWWW (bado haujaandikwa)">ViolaWWW</a>, iliyofuata mtindo wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=HyperCard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HyperCard (bado haujaandikwa)">HyperCard</a> na kujengwa kwa kutumia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mfumo_wa_X_Window&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mfumo wa X Window (bado haujaandikwa)">mfumo wa X Window</a>. Hatimaye ilichujwa na umaarufu wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tovuti_ya_Mosaic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tovuti ya Mosaic (bado haujaandikwa)">tovuti ya Mosaic</a>. Mwaka wa 1993, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kikao_kikuu_cha_zana_za_kompyuta_zenye_nguvu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kikao kikuu cha zana za kompyuta zenye nguvu (bado haujaandikwa)">Kikao kikuu cha zana za kompyuta zenye nguvu</a> katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chuo_Kikuu_cha_Illinois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chuo Kikuu cha Illinois (bado haujaandikwa)">Chuo Kikuu cha Illinois</a> ilitoa aina ya kwanza 1.0 ya Mosaic, na mwisho wa mwaka wa 1994 hamu ya umma iliongezeka Intanet ambayo hapo awali ilikua ya taaluma na ufundi. Kufikia mwaka 1996 matumizi ya neno <i>Intaneti</i> yalikuwa kawaida, na kwa hiyo, hata matumizi yake kama <a href="/wiki/Kisawe" title="Kisawe">kisawe</a> cha mtandao wa ulimwengu mzima. </p><p>Muongo huo ulipoendelea, intaneti ilifanikiwa kushughulikia mitandao mingi binafsi wa awali (ingawa baadhi ya mitandao, kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=FidoNet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FidoNet (bado haujaandikwa)">FidoNet</a>, vimebaki tofauti). Katika <a href="/wiki/Miaka_ya_1990" title="Miaka ya 1990">miaka ya 1990</a>, ilikuwa inakadiriwa kwamba intaneti ilikua kwa <a href="/wiki/Asilimia" title="Asilimia">asilimia</a> 100 kila mwaka, na kipindi kifupi cha mwaka wa 1996 na 1997 ukuaji wake ulilipuka. <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ukuaji huo ulitokana na ukosefu wa utawala mkuu, ambao unaruhusu ukuaji wa kikaboni wa mtandao, na pia ukosaji ubinafsi na huru katika itifaki za intaneti, ambao unahamasisha ubadilishaji wauzaji na kuzuia <a href="/wiki/Kampuni" title="Kampuni">kampuni</a> yoyote kuwa na udhibiti mkubwa wa mtandao. <sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Makadirio ya idadi ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Watumiaji_wa_internet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Watumiaji wa internet (bado haujaandikwa)">watumiaji wa internet</a> ni bilioni 1.67 kufikai 30 Juni 2009. <sup id="cite_ref-stats1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stats1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Teknolojia">Teknolojia</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Itifaki">Itifaki</h3></div> <p>Ugumu wa miundombinu ya mawasiliano ya Intanet unahusisha vipengele vya vifaa vyake na sehemu za mfumo wa progamu inayodhibiti tabaka mbalimbali za usanifu. Ingawa vifaa vinaweza kutumika kusaidia mifumo mingine ya programu, ni urasimu na mifumo ya sheria za usanifu wa programu zinazoainisha Intanet na hutoa msingi wa ukubwa wake na mafanikio yake. Wajibu wa urasimu wa usanifu wa mifumo ya programu za Intanet umepewa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tume_ya_uhandis_wa_Intanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tume ya uhandis wa Intanet (bado haujaandikwa)">tume ya uhandis wa Intanet</a> (IETF). <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> IETF huongoza makundi ya kuweka sheria, wazi kwa mtu yeyote, kuhusu masuala mbalimbali ya usanifu wa Intanet. Majadiliano yanayotokea na amri za mwisho huchapishwa katika mfululizo wa machapisho, iitwayo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuomba_kwa_Maoni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuomba kwa Maoni (bado haujaandikwa)">Kuomba kwa Maoni</a> (RFC),ipatikanayo bure kwenye tovuti ya IETF. Mbinu muhimu za utengenezaji wa mitandao zinazowezesha Intanet ziko katika RFC teule yenye <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sheria_za_Intanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sheria za Intanet (bado haujaandikwa)">sheria za Intanet</a>. </p><p>Sheria hizi hueleza msingi unaojulikana kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Itifaki_ya_Intanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itifaki ya Intanet (bado haujaandikwa)">Itifaki ya Intanet</a>. Hii ni kielelezo cha usanifu unaogawanya huduma kuwa visehemu katika itifaki ya mfumo(<a class="external mw-magiclink-rfc" rel="nofollow" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1122">RFC 1122</a>, <a class="external mw-magiclink-rfc" rel="nofollow" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1123">RFC 1123</a>). Visehemu hivi vina uhusiano na mazingira au upeo ambao huduma zao hufanya kazi. Sehemu ya juu ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sehemu_ya_zana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sehemu ya zana (bado haujaandikwa)">Sehemu ya zana</a>, nafasi iliyotengwa kwasababu ya mbinu za utenegnezaji mitandao zinazotumika katika zana za programu, mfano, kivinjari. Chini ya sehemu hii ya juu, kuna sehemu ya <a href="/wiki/Usafiri" title="Usafiri">Usafiri</a> iunganishayo zana katika <i>kompyuta tofauti</i> kupitia mtandao (mfano, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Client-server&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Client-server (bado haujaandikwa)">client-server</a>) na mbinu sahihi za kubadilishana takwimu. Chini ya sehemu hizi ndipo kulipo na msingi wa teknolojia ya mitandao, linalojumuisha sehemu mbili. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sehemu_ya_Intanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sehemu ya Intanet (bado haujaandikwa)">Sehemu ya Intanet</a> inayowezesha kompyuta kutambuana kupitia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anwani_za_Itifaki_ya_internet(IP)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anwani za Itifaki ya internet(IP) (bado haujaandikwa)">anwani za Itifaki ya internet(IP)</a>, na huziwezesha kuungana pamoja kwa kutumia mitandao zilizo karibu. Mwisho, chini ya usanifu huu, ni sehemu ya programu , na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sehemu_ya_uunganishaji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sehemu ya uunganishaji (bado haujaandikwa)">sehemu ya uunganishaji</a>, ambayo huwezesha kuungana kwa kompyuta zilizo katika kiunganishi sawa wa mtandao ya mtaa , kama vile mtandao wa eneo(<a href="/w/index.php?title=LAN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LAN (bado haujaandikwa)">LAN</a>) au <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uunganishi_wa_kupiga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uunganishi wa kupiga (bado haujaandikwa)">uunganishi wa kupiga</a>. Mfano huu, ujulikanao pia kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=TCP_/_IP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TCP / IP (bado haujaandikwa)">TCP / IP</a>, ni iliyoundwa isitegemee vifaa inavyotumia, kwa hivyo mfano huu hauna haja ya kujishughulisha na maelezo yoyote. Mifano mingine vimeundwa, kama vile <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mfano_wa_mifumo_ya_kiunganishi_kilichofunguka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mfano wa mifumo ya kiunganishi kilichofunguka (bado haujaandikwa)">mfano wa mifumo ya kiunganishi kilichofunguka</a> (OSI) , lakini si sawa katika maelezo ya ufafanuzi, wala utekelezaji, lakini kufanana kupo n itifaki ya TCP / IP hujumuishwa katika majadiliano ya mitandao ya OSI . </p><p>Sehemu maarufu zaidi ya picha simamizi ya Intanet ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Itifaki_ya_Intanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itifaki ya Intanet (bado haujaandikwa)">Itifaki ya Intanet</a> (IP) ambayo hushughulikia upeanaji wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=(anwani_za_IP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(anwani za IP (bado haujaandikwa)">(anwani za IP</a>) kwa kompyuta zilizo katika Intanet. IP inawezesha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ushikanishaji_wa_mitandao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ushikanishaji wa mitandao (bado haujaandikwa)">ushikanishaji wa mitandao</a> na kimsingi hujenga Intanet yenyewe. Toleo ya 4 ya IP (<a href="/w/index.php?title=IPv4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPv4 (bado haujaandikwa)">IPv4</a>) ni toleo lililotumiwa katika kizazi cha kwanza cha Intanet ya leo na bado yatumika vikubwa. Iliundwa kushughulikia hadi watumiaji billioni~ 4,3 (10 <sup>9</sup>) wa intanet. Hata hivyo, kulipuka kwa ukuaji wa Intanet umesababisha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuisha_kwa_anwani_za_IPv4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuisha kwa anwani za IPv4 (bado haujaandikwa)">kuisha kwa anwani za IPv4</a> ambayo inakadiriwa kuingia hatua yake ya mwisho katika takriban mwaka wa 2011. <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Toleo ya itifaki mpya, <a href="/w/index.php?title=IPv6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPv6 (bado haujaandikwa)">IPv6</a>, iliundwa katikati ya mwongo wa 1990. Toleo hili linauwezo mkubwa wa kupeana anwani na mbinu bora zaidi ya uelekezaji wa trafiki ya Intanet. <a href="/w/index.php?title=IPv6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IPv6 (bado haujaandikwa)">IPv6</a> kwa sasa ipo katika awamu ya kuachiliwa kibiashara duniani mashirika ya kuweka anwani za intanet<a href="/w/index.php?title=(RIR)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="(RIR) (bado haujaandikwa)">(RIR)</a> yameanza kuwahimiza mameneja wote wa rasilimali kupanga uchukuzi na uongofu wa haraka. <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>IPv6 haishirikiani kikazi na IPv4. Kimsingi toleo la IPv6 hutengeneza toleo "sambamba" la Intanet ambalo halipatikani moja kwa moja na IPv4. Hii ina maanisha uboreshaji wa Programu au vifaa vya ukalimani ni muhimu kwa kila kifaa cha mtandao ambacho linahitaji kuwasiliana kupitia Intanet ya IPv6. Mifumo ya kuendesha kompyuta ya kompyta za kisasa tayari vimebadilishwa ili vifanye kazi na toleo zote za itifaki ya Intanet. Miundombinu ya mtandao , hata hivyo, bado yamebaki nyuma katika maendeleo hayo. Mbali na tata za viungo vinavyotengeneza miundombinu yake, Intanet imewezeshwa na mikataba ya kibiashara (mfano, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mkataba_wa_kujitakia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mkataba wa kujitakia (bado haujaandikwa)">mkataba wa kujitakia</a>), na kwa ufundi maalum au <a href="/wiki/Itifaki" title="Itifaki">itifaki</a> zinazoeleza jinsi ya kubadilishana <a href="/wiki/Data" title="Data">data</a> kwa kupitia mtandao. Hakika Intanet ina ainishwa na viungo vyake na sheria za uelekezaji. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muundo">Muundo</h3></div> <p>Muundo wa Intanet na sifa za matumizi yake vimekuwa vikisomwa kwa undani. Imedhamiria kuwa muundo wa uelekezaji katika Intanet ya IP na viungo vya hypertext vya mtandao wa dunia nzima ni mifano ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitandao_isiyo_na_kipimo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitandao isiyo na kipimo (bado haujaandikwa)">mitandao isiyo na kipimo</a>. Sambamba na jinsi watoa huduma, wa kibiashara za Intanet huwasiliana kwa kupitia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sehemu_za_ubadilishanaji_habari,&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sehemu za ubadilishanaji habari, (bado haujaandikwa)">sehemu za ubadilishanaji habari, mitandao</a> ya utafiti kwa kawaida huunganishwa kupitia mitandao mikubwa kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=GEANT,_GLORIAD,_Internet2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GEANT, GLORIAD, Internet2 (bado haujaandikwa)">GEANT, GLORIAD, Internet2</a> (halifa wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mtandao_wa_Abilene_)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mtandao wa Abilene ) (bado haujaandikwa)">Mtandao wa Abilene )</a>, na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mtandao_wa_utafiti_na_kitaifa_na_elimu_wa_Uingereza,_JANET&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mtandao wa utafiti na kitaifa na elimu wa Uingereza, JANET (bado haujaandikwa)">mtandao wa utafiti na kitaifa na elimu wa Uingereza, JANET</a>. Mitandao hii imeundwa kutoka kwa mitandao mingine midogo (pia tazama orodha ya mashirika ya kiakademia ya mitandao ya kompyuta). </p><p>Wanasayansi wengi wa Kompyuta huelezea Intanet kama "mfano halisi wa mfumo uliyo mkubwa, wenye uhandisi wa hali ya juu lakini changamano zaidi.". <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Intanet ina tofauti nyingi mno, kwa mfano, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiwango_cha_kuhamisha_data&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiwango cha kuhamisha data (bado haujaandikwa)">kiwango cha kuhamisha data</a> na sifa za kiumbo za uunganishaji vinatofautiana sana. Intanet inaonyesha "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tukio_ibuka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tukio ibuka (bado haujaandikwa)">tukio ibuka</a>" linalotegemea muundo wake mkubwa. Kwa mfano, takwimu za viwango vya kuhamisha data <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vinaonyesha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vinaonyesha (bado haujaandikwa)">vinaonyesha</a> kufanana<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwa_muda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kwa muda (bado haujaandikwa)">kwa muda</a>. Kanuni za mbinu za uelekezaji na utoaji anwani kwa trafiki katika Intanet zinarejelea asili yake katika mwongo wa 1960 wakati ukubwa na umaarufu wa mtandao haukuweza kutarajiwa. Kwa hivyo, uwezekano wa kujenga miundo mbadalia unachunguzwa. <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utawala">Utawala</h2></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Faili:Icannheadquarters.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Icannheadquarters.jpg/225px-Icannheadquarters.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Icannheadquarters.jpg/338px-Icannheadquarters.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Icannheadquarters.jpg/450px-Icannheadquarters.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1231" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>Makao makuu ya ICANN huko Marina Del Rey, California, Marekani</figcaption></figure> <p>Internet ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mtandao_uliyosambaa_duniani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mtandao uliyosambaa duniani (bado haujaandikwa)">mtandao uliyosambaa duniani</a> ulioundwa na mitandao mingi tofauti iliyoshikanishwa. Hufanya kazi bila kitengo cha serikali kuu. Hata hivyo, ili kudumisha uwezo wa mifumo tofauti kufanya kazi pamoja, nyanja zote za kifundi na sera ya msingi wa miundombinu na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nafasi_za_jina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nafasi za jina (bado haujaandikwa)">nafasi za jina</a> kuu husimamiwa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirika_la_Intanet_linalotoa_majina_na_nambari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shirika la Intanet linalotoa majina na nambari (bado haujaandikwa)">Shirika la Intanet linalotoa majina na nambari</a> (ICANN), lililo na makao makuu huko <a href="/wiki/Marina_del_Rey,_California" title="Marina del Rey, California">Marina del Rey, California</a>. ICANN ndiyo yenye mamlaka ya kusitiri utaratibu wa utoaji wa vitambulisho vya kipekee kwa matumizi ya Intanet, pamoja na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majina_ya_vikundi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majina ya vikundi (bado haujaandikwa)">majina ya vikundi</a>, anwani za Itifaki ya Intanet (IP), nambari ya vipenyezo katika itifaki ya usafiri, na takwimu zingine nyingi. Nafasi ya iliyounganishwa ya majina ya ulimwengu, ambapo majina na nambari za kipekee hutolewa, ni muhimu kwa mataifa katika kupata huduma za Intanet. ICANN huongozwa na halmashauri ya wakurugenzi wa kimataifa wanaotolewa kutoka jamii za, ufundi wa Intanet, biashara, elimu, na mengine yasiyo ya kibiashara. Serikali ya Marekani inaendelea kuwa na jukumu la msingi katika kuidhinisha mabadiliko katika shina la <a href="/w/index.php?title=DNs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DNs (bado haujaandikwa)">DNslililoko</a> katika kitovu cha mfumo wa eneo la majina. Jukumu la ICANN katika kuratibu zoezi la utoaji vitambulisho vya kipekee hulitofautisha kama shirika la kipekee lenye madaraka ya kuratibu Intanet ya kimataifa. Tarehe 16 Novemba 2005, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mkutano_wa_Dunia_juu_ya_Jamii_ya_Habari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mkutano wa Dunia juu ya Jamii ya Habari (bado haujaandikwa)">Mkutano wa Dunia juu ya Jamii ya Habari</a>, uliofanyika <a href="/wiki/Tunis" title="Tunis">Tunis</a>, uliunda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fora_ya_Utawala_wa_Intanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fora ya Utawala wa Intanet (bado haujaandikwa)">Fora ya Utawala wa Intanet</a> (IGF) kujadili masuala yanayohusiana na Intanet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Matumizi_ya_kisasa">Matumizi ya kisasa</h2></div> <p>Intaneti inaruhusu mabadiliko makubwa katika masaa na maeneo ya kufanyia kazi, hasa kwa kuenea kwa viunganishi vya kasi visivyopimwa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zana_za_mtandao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zana za mtandao (bado haujaandikwa)">zana za mtandao</a>. </p><p>Intaneti kwa sasa yaweza kupatikana karibu popote kwa njia mbalimbali, hasa kupitita <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vifaa_vinavyobebwa_mkononi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vifaa vinavyobebwa mkononi (bado haujaandikwa)">vifaa vinavyobebwa mkononi</a>. <a href="/wiki/Simu_za_mkononi" class="mw-redirect" title="Simu za mkononi">Simu za mkononi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kadi_za_data&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kadi za data (bado haujaandikwa)">kadi za data</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michezo_ya_video" class="mw-redirect" title="Michezo ya video">michezo ya video</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vielekezaji_vya_mkononi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vielekezaji vya mkononi (bado haujaandikwa)">vielekezaji vya mkononi</a> vinaruhusu watumiaji kujiunganisha na intanet kutoka popote pale walipo na mtandao usiotumia waya unaoruhusu teknolojia ya kifaa hiki. Ndani ya mipaka inayowekwa na skrini ndogo vifaa vingine pungufu kama vifaa vya mfukoni, huduma za Intanet, pamoja na barua pepe na mtandao, huweza kupatikana. Watoa huduma za Intanet huweza kuzuia huduma zinazotolewa na malipo ya usafirishaji wa data bila kutumia nyaya yaweza kuwa ya juu zaidi kuliko mbinu zingine za kupata intanet. </p><p>Intaneti pia imekuwa soko kubwa kwa makampuni; baadhi ya makampuni makubwa leo yamekua kwa kuchukua faida ya gharama nafuu ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matangazo_na_biashara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matangazo na biashara (bado haujaandikwa)">matangazo na biasharakwa</a> kupitia Intanet, pia inajulikana kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biashara_kupitia_intaneti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biashara kupitia intaneti (bado haujaandikwa)">biashara kupitia intaneti</a> (e-commerce). Ni njia ya haraka sana katika kueneza habari kwa idadi kubwa ya watu kwa ujumla. Intaneti pia imebadilisha <a href="/wiki/Ununuzi" title="Ununuzi">ununuzi</a> - kwa mfano, mtu anaweza kuagiza <a href="/wiki/CD" class="mw-disambig" title="CD">CD</a> kupitia intaneti na kuipokea katika <a href="/wiki/Barua" title="Barua">barua</a> baada ya siku kadhaa, au kuitoa kwa mtandao moja kwa moja katika baadhi ya kesi. Intaneti pia imewezesha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uuzaji_wa_kibinafsi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uuzaji wa kibinafsi (bado haujaandikwa)">uuzaji wa kibinafsi</a> ambao unaruhusu kampuni kuuza bidhaa kwa mtu fulani au kundi maalum la watu, zaidi ya njia zingine za matangazo. Mifano ya uuzaji binafsi hujumuisha jamii zilizo katika Intanet kama vile <a href="/w/index.php?title=MySpace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MySpace (bado haujaandikwa)">MySpace</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friendster&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friendster (bado haujaandikwa)">Friendster</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orkut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orkut (bado haujaandikwa)">Orkut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, na nyingine yznye maelfu ya watumizi wa Intanet ambao hujiunga kujitangaza wenyewe na kufanya urafiki kupitia Intanet. Wengi wa watumiaji hawa ni vijana na waliobaleghe wenye kati ya miaka 13-25. Kwa upande mwingine, wakati wanapojitangaza wao wenyewe hao pia hutangaza maslahi na mazoea yao, ambayo makampuni ya uuzaji katika Intanet yanaweza kutumia kama habari ili kujua kile ambacho watumiaji hawa watanunua kupitia Intanet, na kutangaza bidhaa za makampuni kwa watumiaji hao. </p><p>Gharama ya chini na ubadilishanaji wa haraka wa mawazo, maarifa, na ujuzi vimefanya kazi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirikishi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shirikishi (bado haujaandikwa)">shirikishi</a> kuwa rahisi sana, kwa msaada wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Programu_shirikishi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Programu shirikishi (bado haujaandikwa)">programu shirikishi</a>. Makundi hayawezi tu kuwasiliana kwa bei ya chini, bali upana wa Intanet unaruhusu makundi kama hayo kujiunda kwa urahisi. Mfano wa makundi hayo ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harakati_ya_programu_za_bure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harakati ya programu za bure (bado haujaandikwa)">harakati ya programu za bure</a>, ambazo zimetengeneza, miongoni mwa programu nyingine, <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Firefox" title="Mozilla Firefox">Mozilla Firefox</a>, na <a href="/w/index.php?title=OpenOffice.org&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OpenOffice.org (bado haujaandikwa)">OpenOffice.org</a>. "Kuongea" kupitia intaneti, iwe katika fomu ya vyumba vya kuongea vya <a href="/wiki/IRC" title="IRC">IRC</a>, au kupitia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mfumo_wa_ujumbe_wa_moja_kwa_moja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mfumo wa ujumbe wa moja kwa moja (bado haujaandikwa)">mfumo wa ujumbe wa moja kwa moja</a> , kunaruhusu mfanyikazi na wenzake kuwasiliana kwa njia rahisi sana wakati wanapofanya kazi katika kompyuta zao wakati wa mchana. Ujumbe unaweza kubadilishwa kwa njia ya haraka na inayofaa zaidi kuliko barua pepe. Maongezo katika mifumo hii huweza kuruhusu ubadilishanaji wa faili, michoro ya "ubao mweupe" au mawasiliano ya sauti na video kati ya wanachama wa timu moja. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mifumo_ya_kudhibiti_toleo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mifumo ya kudhibiti toleo (bado haujaandikwa)">Mifumo ya kudhibiti toleo</a> unaruhusu timu zinazoshirikiana kufanya kazi kwa seti za hati zenye umiliki mmoja, bila ajali ya kufuta kazi za timu nyingine au wanachama kusubiri hadi kupata hati "zilizotumwa" ili kuweza kutoa michango yao. Biashara na timu za miradi zinaweza kushirikiana katika kalenda vilevile nyaraka na taarifa nyingine. Ushirika kama huo hutokea katika maeneo mbalimbali ikiwa ni pamoja na utafiti wa kisayansi, maendeleo ya programu, kupanga mikutano , wanaharakati wa kisiasa na uandishi wa bunifu. Ushirikiano wa kijamii na kisiasa pia unaenea wakati upatikanaji wa Intanet na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Idadi_ya_watu_waliosoma_kompyuta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Idadi ya watu waliosoma kompyuta (bado haujaandikwa)">idadi ya watu waliosoma kompyuta</a> inapoongezeka. Kutoka 'matukio' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ya_makundi_yanayoundwa_haraka_na_watu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ya makundi yanayoundwa haraka na watu (bado haujaandikwa)">ya makundi yanayoundwa haraka na watu</a> mwanzo wa miaka ya 2000 na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matumizi_ya_mitandao_ya_kijamii_katika_maandamano_ya_uchaguzi_wa_2009_huko_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matumizi ya mitandao ya kijamii katika maandamano ya uchaguzi wa 2009 huko Iran (bado haujaandikwa)">matumizi ya mitandao ya kijamii katika maandamano ya uchaguzi wa 2009 huko Iran</a>, Intanet inaruhusu watu kufanya kazi pamoja kwa ufanisi zaidi na kwa njia nyingi zaidi kuliko iwezekanavyo bila Intanet. </p><p>Intanet inaruhusu watumiaji wa kompyuta kufikia kompyuta zingine, na habari huhifadhiwa kwa urahisi, popote walipo duniani. Wanaweza kufanya hivi pamoja na, au, bila matumizi ya <a href="/wiki/Usalama" title="Usalama">usalama</a>, kujitambulisha na teknolojia za kuficha, kutegemea na mahitaji yao. Hii inahimiza njia mpya ya kufanya kazi kutoka nyumbani, kushirikiana na kubadilishana habari katika viwanda vingi. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mhasibu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mhasibu (bado haujaandikwa)">Mhasibu</a> aliyeketi nyumbani anaweza kukagua vitabu vya kampuni iliyo katika nchi nyingine, kupitia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitumishi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitumishi (bado haujaandikwa)">kitumishi</a> kilicho katika nchi nyingine ya tatu, ambayo inahifadhiwa na wataalamu wa IT katika nchi ya nne. Akaunti hizi zinaweza kuwa ziliundwa na waweka vitabu wafanyao kazi nyumbani, katika maeneo mengine, kwa kuzingatia habari-e waliyopata kupitia barua pepe waliyotumiwa kutoka ofisi za duniani kote. Baadhi ya mambo haya yalikuwa yanawezekana kabla ya kuenea kwa matumizi ya Intanet, lakini gharama ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laini_binafsi_ya_kukodisha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laini binafsi ya kukodisha (bado haujaandikwa)">laini binafsi ya kukodisha</a> ingefanya mamboo hayo yasiweze kufanyika. Mfanyakazi wa ofisi akiwa mbali na dawati lake, labda upande mwingine wa ulimwengu katika safari ya kibiahsara au likizo, anaweza kufungua kikao katika kompyuta yake binafsi iliyoko ofisini mwake kwa kupitia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mtandao_binafsi_wenye_usalama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mtandao binafsi wenye usalama (bado haujaandikwa)">mtandao binafsi wenye usalama</a> (VPN) kwa kupitia Intanet. Hii inampa mfanyakazi upatikanaji kamili wa faili zake zote za kawaida na data, pamoja na barua pepe na zana nyingine za matumizi , wakati akiwa mbali na ofisi. Dhana hii pia inajulikana na baadhi ya watu wa usalama wa mitandao kama mtandao binafsi wa kidhahania wenye ndoto za kutisha, kwa sababu inapeleka mzunguko salama wa mtandao wa shirika ndani ya nyumba za wafanyakazi wa shirika hilo. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Huduma">Huduma</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Habari">Habari</h3></div> <p>Watu wengi hutumia maneno <i>Intaneti</i> na <i>mtandao wa ulimwengu mzima</i> (au <i>Web</i> tu ) kama visawe, lakini, kama tulivyojadiliana awali, maneno haya mawili yana maana tofauti. Mtandao wa Dunia Nzima ni seti ya <a href="/wiki/Nyaraka" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyaraka">nyaraka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Picha" title="Picha">picha</a> na rasilimali nyingine, zinazotazamwa na kushikanishwa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kitafuta_rasilimali_sawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kitafuta rasilimali sawa (bado haujaandikwa)">kitafuta rasilimali sawa</a> (URL) na <a href="/wiki/Viungo" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Viungo">viungo</a>. URL hizi huruhusu watumiaji kuvipatia anwani <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vijakazi_vya_mtandao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vijakazi vya mtandao (bado haujaandikwa)">vijakazi vya mtandao</a> na vifaa vingine vinavyohifadhi rasilimali hizi na kuvipata vinapohitajika kwa kutumia <a href="/w/index.php?title=HyperText_Transfer_itifaki_ya_kupelekea_hati&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HyperText Transfer itifaki ya kupelekea hati (bado haujaandikwa)">HyperText Transfer itifaki ya kupelekea hati</a> (HTTP). HTTP ni itifaki ya kipekee ya mawasiliano inayotumika katika mtandao wa Intanet. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huduma_za_mtandao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huduma za mtandao (bado haujaandikwa)">Huduma za mtandao</a> huweza pia kutumia HTTP kuruhusu mifumo ya programu kuwasiliana ili kuweza kushiriki na kubadilishana mantiki ya biashara na data. </p><p>Bidhaa za programu zinazoweza kupata rasilimali za Mtandao mara nyingi huitwa <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajenti_wa_matumizi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajenti wa matumizi (bado haujaandikwa)">ajenti wa matumizi</a>.</i> Katika matumizi ya kawaida, tovuti za mtandao, kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Explorer,_Firefox,_Opera,_Apple_Safari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera, Apple Safari (bado haujaandikwa)">Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera, Apple Safari</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a>, huwaruhusu watumiaji kuvuka kutoka kurasa ya mtandao mmoja hadi nyingine kupitia viungo vya hyper. Hati kwenye mtandao huweza kuwa na mchanganyiko wowote wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Data_ya_kompyuta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Data ya kompyuta (bado haujaandikwa)">data ya kompyuta</a>, zikiwemo, picha, sauti, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maandishi,_video,_mchanganyiko_wa_picha_na_sauti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maandishi, video, mchanganyiko wa picha na sauti (bado haujaandikwa)">maandishi, video, mchanganyiko wa picha na sauti</a> na mambo yanayomhusisha mtumiaji wa Intanet kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michezo,_zana_ofisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michezo, zana ofisi (bado haujaandikwa)">michezo, zana ofisi</a> na maonyesho ya kisayansi. Kupitia utafiti wa Intanet unaoendeshwa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maneno_maalum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maneno maalum (bado haujaandikwa)">maneno maalum</a> kwa kutumia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitambo_ya_utafutaji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitambo ya utafutaji (bado haujaandikwa)">mitambo ya utafutaji</a> kama <a href="/wiki/Yahoo!" title="Yahoo!">Yahoo!</a> na <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, watumiaji duniani kote huweza kupata habari nyingi, kwa urahisi na moja kwa moja kutoka kwa Intanet. Ikilinganishwa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamusi_elezi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamusi elezi (bado haujaandikwa)">kamusi elezi</a> zilizochapishwa na<a href="/w/index.php?title=Maktaba_za_kawaida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maktaba za kawaida (bado haujaandikwa)">maktaba za kawaida</a>, Mtandao wa Dunia Nzima umewezesha kusambaa ghafla kwa habari na data. </p><p>Kwa kutumia mtandao, pia ni rahisi kuliko awali kwa watu binafsi na mashirika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuchapisha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuchapisha (bado haujaandikwa)">kuchapisha</a> mawazo na habari kwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Watazamaji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Watazamaji (bado haujaandikwa)">watazamaji</a> wengi wanaotarajiwa. Kuchapisha kurasa ya mtandao, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kibadilishanaji_maoni_-_blogu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kibadilishanaji maoni - blogu (bado haujaandikwa)">kibadilishanaji maoni - blogu</a>, au kujenga tovuti inahusisha <a href="/wiki/Gharama" title="Gharama">gharama</a> ndogo za awali na huleta kupatikana kwa huduma nyingi zisizo na gharama. Kuchapisha na kudumisha idadi kubwa ya, mitandao ya kitaalamu yenye kuvutia, habari tofauti na ya moja kwa moja bado ni swala gumu na ghali, hata hivyo. Watu wengi na baadhi ya makampuni na vikundi-vitumizi hutumia <i>mitandao ya ubadilishanaji maoni </i> au <a href="/wiki/Blogu" title="Blogu">blogu</a> ambayo hutumika kama jarida zenye urahisi wakati wa kuongeza habari. Baadhi ya mashirika ya kibiashara huwahimiza <a href="/wiki/Wafanyakazi" title="Wafanyakazi">wafanyakazi</a> kuwasilisha ushauri katika maeneo yao maalum katika matumaini ya kuwa wageni watafurahishwa na maarifa ya mtaalam na habari za bure, na kuvutiwa kwa shirika hilo kama matokeo. Mfano mmoja wa zoezi hili ni <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>, ambayo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Watengenezaji_bidhaa_zake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Watengenezaji bidhaa zake (bado haujaandikwa)">watengenezaji bidhaa zake</a> huchapisha mitandao ya ubadilishanaji binafsi katika blogu ili kuvutia umma kwa kazi zao. Mikusanyo ya kurasa binafsi za mtandao zilizochapishwa na watoa huduma wakubwa hubakia maarufu, na imeendelea kuwa ya kipekee. Ingawa oparesheni kama vile <a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelfire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Angelfire (bado haujaandikwa)">Angelfire</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=GeoCities&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GeoCities (bado haujaandikwa)">GeoCities</a> zimekuwepo tangu siku za mwanzo wa Tovuti, oparesheni mpya, kwa mfano, Tovuti Facebook na <a href="/w/index.php?title=MySpace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MySpace (bado haujaandikwa)">MySpace</a> kwa sasa vina wafuasi wengi. Oparesheni hizi mara nyingi hujionyesha kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mtandao_ya_huduma_za_kijamii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mtandao ya huduma za kijamii (bado haujaandikwa)">mtandao ya huduma za kijamii</a> kuliko viwekaji vya kurasa za mtandao. </p><p>Kuweka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matangazo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matangazo (bado haujaandikwa)">matangazo</a> katika kurasa za tovuti pendwa huwa na faida, biashara-e (biashara ya mtandao)(<a href="/w/index.php?title=E-commerce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-commerce (bado haujaandikwa)">e-commerce</a>) au uuzaji wa bidhaa na huduma moja kwa moja kupitia tovuti inaendelea kukua. Katika siku za mwanzo, kurasa za mtandao kwa kawaida zilitengenezwa kama seti za faili za nakala kamilifu na zilizo peke za <a href="/wiki/HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a> zikihifadhiwa kwenye tovuti ya huduma. Hivi karibuni, tovuti hutengenezwa kwa kutumia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kisimamizi_cha_yaliyomo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kisimamizi cha yaliyomo (bado haujaandikwa)">kisimamizi cha yaliyomo</a> au <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kifaa_ororo_cha_wiki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kifaa ororo cha wiki (bado haujaandikwa)">kifaa ororo cha wiki</a>, ambacho huwa na maudhui machache sana mwanzoni. Wachangiaji wa mifumo hii, ambao wanaweza kuwa wafanyakazi wanaolipwa, wanachama wa klabu au shirika zingine au wanachama wa umma, hujaza vihifadhi-data na maudhui kutumia kurasa zilizoundwa kwa kusudi hilo, ilhali wageni huangalia na kusoma yaliyomo katika ombo lake la mwisho la HTML. Kuna uwezekano wa kuwa au kutokuwa na mifumo ya uhariri, kibali na mifumo ya usalama iliyojengwa katika mchakato wa kuchukua maudhui mpya iliyoingizwa na kuifanya ipatikane na wageni wanaolengwa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mawasiliano">Mawasiliano</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Barua_pepe" title="Barua pepe">Barua pepe</a> ni huduma muhimu ya mawasiliano inayopatikana kwenye Intanet. Dhana ya kutuma ujumbe wa kielektroniki wa maandishi kati ya wahusika kwa njia iliyosawa na kutuma barua au memo ilitangulia utengenezaji wa Intanet. Leo inaweza kuwa muhimu kutofautisha kati ya Intanet na mifumo ya kindani ya barua pepe. Barua pepe ya Intanet inaweza kusafiri na kuhifadhiwa kimaandishi katika mitandao mingine mingi na mashine zilizo nje ya udhibiti wa mtumaji na mpokeaji. Kwa wakati huu kunauwezekano wa yaliyomo kusomwa na kubadilishwa na mhusika wa tatu, ikiwa kuna mtu yeyote anayefikiri kuwa una umuhimu wa kutosha. Mifumo ya barua za kindani, ambapo habari haipaswi kamwe kutoka nje ya mtandao wa kampuni au shirika , ni salama zaidi, ingawa katika shirika lolote kutakuwa na wafanyikazi wa <a href="/wiki/IT" class="mw-disambig" title="IT">IT</a> na wafanyakazi wengine ambao kazi yao inahusu ufuatiliaji, na mara chache kufikia, barua pepe za wafanyikazi wengine ambazo hawajatumiwa hao. Picha, nyaraka na faili nyingine zinaweza kutumwa kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Viungo_vya_barua_pepe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viungo vya barua pepe (bado haujaandikwa)">viungo vya barua pepe</a>. Barua pepe zinaweza <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutumwa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kutumwa (bado haujaandikwa)">kutumwa</a> kwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anwani_nyingi_za_barua_pepe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anwani nyingi za barua pepe (bado haujaandikwa)">anwani nyingi za barua pepe</a>. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telefoni_ya_intaneti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telefoni ya intaneti (bado haujaandikwa)">Telefoni ya intaneti</a> ni huduma nyingine la mawasiliano ya kawaida iliyowezekana kwa uundaji wa a Intanet. <a href="/w/index.php?title=VoIP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VoIP (bado haujaandikwa)">VoIP</a> husimamia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Itifaki_ya_kupitisha_sauti_kupitia_Intanet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itifaki ya kupitisha sauti kupitia Intanet (bado haujaandikwa)">itifaki ya kupitisha sauti kupitia Intanet</a>, ikirejelea itifaki msingi ya mawasiliano ya Intanet. Wazo hili lilianza mwanzo wa mwongo wa 1990 na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zana_zilizofanana_na_simu_za_polisi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zana zilizofanana na simu za polisi (bado haujaandikwa)">zana zilizofanana na simu za polisi</a> za kompyuta binafsi. Katika miaka ya hivi karibuni mifumo mingi ya VoIP imekuwa rahisi kutumia na kuwa na manufaa kama simu ya kawaida. Faida ni kwamba, Intanet inapobeba trafiki ya sauti, VoIP inaweza kuwa bure au kuwa na gharama ndogo sana kuliko upigaji simu wa jadi, hasa juu ya umbali mrefu na hasa kwa wale wenye viunganishi vinanvyowaka wakati wowote kama vile <a href="/wiki/Cable" class="mw-redirect" title="Cable">Cable</a> au <a href="/w/index.php?title=ADSL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ADSL (bado haujaandikwa)">ADSL</a>. VoIP inapevuka na kujitokeza kama mshindani mbadalia wa huduma za simu za jadi. Uwezo wa kubadilishana ujumbe kati ya watoa huduma mbalimbali imeboreshwa na uwezo wa kupiga au kupokea simu kutoka kwa simu ya jadi unapatikana. Vibadilisha mtandao vya VoIP ambavyo ni rahisi na vya bei nafuu vinapatikana na vinaondoa haja ya kuwa na kompyuta binafsi. </p><p>Ubora wa sauti unatofautiana kutoka wito moja hadi mwingine lakini mara nyingi ni sawa, na huweza hata kuzidi ule wa simu za jadi. Matatizo yaliyobakia kwa VoIP hujumuisha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Upigaji_simu_kwa_nambari_ya_dharura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Upigaji simu kwa nambari ya dharura (bado haujaandikwa)">upigaji simu kwa nambari ya dharura</a> na utumainikaji. Hivi sasa, watoa VoIP wachache hutoa huduma ya dharura, lakini haipatikani na wote. Simu za jadi huwezeshwa na nguvu za laini na hufanya kazi wakati stima zinapopotea; VoIP haifanyi hivyo bila <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chanzo_kingine_cha_nguvu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chanzo kingine cha nguvu (bado haujaandikwa)">chanzo kingine cha nguvu</a> kwa vifaa vya simu na vifaa vya upatikanaji wa Intanet. VoIP pia imekuwa maarufu kwa zana za michezo , kama njia ya mawasiliano kati ya wachezaji. Wateja wa VoIP wanaojulikana katika michezo ni kama vile <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ventrilo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ventrilo (bado haujaandikwa)">Ventrilo</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teamspeak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teamspeak (bado haujaandikwa)">Teamspeak</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wii (bado haujaandikwa)">Wii</a>, <a href="/wiki/PlayStation_3" title="PlayStation 3">PlayStation 3</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Xbox_360" title="Xbox 360">Xbox 360</a> pia hutoa sifa za VoIP za kuongea kupitia mtandao . </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kuhamisha_data">Kuhamisha data</h3></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kugawana_faili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kugawana faili (bado haujaandikwa)">Kugawana failini</a> mfano wa uhamishaji wa kiasi kikubwa cha data kupitia Intanet. Faili ya <a href="/wiki/Kompyuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Kompyuta">kompyuta</a> inaweza <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutumwa_kwa_kutumia_barua_pepe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kutumwa kwa kutumia barua pepe (bado haujaandikwa)">kutumwa kwa kutumia barua pepe</a> kwa wateja, waenzi na marafiki kama <a href="/wiki/Kiungo" class="mw-disambig" title="Kiungo">kiungo</a>. Inaweza kuwekwa kwenye <a href="/wiki/Tovuti" title="Tovuti">tovuti</a> au tumishi ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=FTP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FTP (bado haujaandikwa)">FTP</a> kwa upakuaji rahisi na watu wengine. Inaweza kuweka ndani ya "eneo lenye wamiliki wengi" au ndani ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tumishi_ya_faili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tumishi ya faili (bado haujaandikwa)">tumishi ya failikwa</a> ajili ya matumizi ya haraka na washikadau. Mzigo wa upakuaji mzito kwa watumiaji wengi unaweza kupunguzwa na matumizi ya "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vioo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vioo (bado haujaandikwa)">vioo</a>" vya huduma au mitandao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ya_viwango_aina_moja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ya viwango aina moja (bado haujaandikwa)">ya viwango aina moja</a>. Katika hali hizi zote, upatikanaji wa faili unaweza kudhibitiwa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kujitambulisha_kwa_watumiaji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kujitambulisha kwa watumiaji (bado haujaandikwa)">kujitambulisha kwa watumiaji</a>, usafiri wa faili katika ya Intanet unaweza kuborongwa kwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupewa_maana_fiche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kupewa maana fiche (bado haujaandikwa)">kupewa maana fiche</a>, na hongo ya pesa yaweza kutumiwa ili kuzipata faili. Bei inaweza kulipwa kutoka eneo tofauti kwa njia isiyokuwa wazi, kwa mfano, kutoka kwa kadi ya deni(krediti) ambayo maelezo yake hupitishwa pia - kwa kawaida hupewa maana fiche kabisa- kupitia Intanet. Asili na dhibitisho la faili iliyopokewa inaweza kuangaliwa kupitia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saini_za_dijitali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saini za dijitali (bado haujaandikwa)">saini za dijitali</a> au kwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=MD5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MD5 (bado haujaandikwa)">MD5</a> au aina nyingine ya ujumbe. Sifa hizi rahisi za intanet, juu ya msingi wa dunia nzima, zinabadilisha uzalishaji, mauzo, na usambazaji wa kitu chochote ambacho kinaweza kupunguzwa na kuwa faili ya kompyuta kwa usafirishaji. Hii ni pamoja na kila namna ya machapisho ya magazeti , bidhaa za programu, habari, muziki , filamu, video, picha, grafiki na sanaa zingine. Hili kwa upande mwingine limesababisha mabadiliko katika kila moja ya viwanda ambavyo awali vilidhibiti uzalishaji na usambazaji wa bidhaa hizi. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utabakishaji_wa_vyombo_vya_habari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utabakishaji wa vyombo vya habari (bado haujaandikwa)">Utabakishaji wa vyombo vya habari</a> unahusu kitendo ambacho watangazaji wengi wa redio na televisheni wanatumia kukuza lishe ya Intanet ya habari za moja kwa moja kutumia sauti, na tabaka za video (kwa mfano, <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>). Wanaweza pia kuruhusu maonyesho na usikilizaji kulingana na mabadiliko ya wakati kama kuangalia mbele, picha klasiki na sifa za kusikiliza tena. Watoaji huduma hawa wameungwa na anuwai ya "watangazaji" halisi wa Intanet ambao kamwe hawakuwa na leseni za kutoa habari moja kwa moja. Hii ina maanaisha kuwa kifaa kilichounganishwa na intanet, kama vile kompyuta au kitu kingine maalum, kinaweza kutumika kupata vyombo vya habari vilivyounganishwa na Intanet kwa njia ile ile kama ilivyowezekana tu na mpokezi wa <a href="/wiki/Televisheni" title="Televisheni">televisheni</a> au <a href="/wiki/Redio" title="Redio">redio</a>. Aina ya matini ni pana sana, kutoka kwa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ponografia_hadi_tovuti_za_ufundi_na_utaaluma_wa_juu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ponografia hadi tovuti za ufundi na utaaluma wa juu (bado haujaandikwa)">ponografia hadi tovuti za ufundi na utaaluma wa juu</a>. Podcasting ni aina fulani katika mada hii, ambapo - kwa kawaida ni sauti- matini zinapakuliwa na kuchezwa tena kwenye kompyuta au kubadilishwa kwenye chombo cha habari kinachobebeka ili kisikilizwe matu anapotembea. Hizi mbinu za kutumia vifaa rahisi vinaruhusu mtu yeyote, aliye na udhibiti ufichaji au udhibiti wa leseni, kutangaza picha , muziki na video kote ulimwenguni. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamera_za_mtandao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamera za mtandao (bado haujaandikwa)">Kamera za mtandao</a> zinaweza kuonekana kama ongezeko ya chini ya bajeti ya jambo hili. Ingawa baadhi ya kamera za mtandao zinaweza kutoa video za kiima kizima, picha huwa ndogo au hujiongeza pole pole. Watumiaji wa intanet wanaweza kuangalia wanyama waliyozunguka kidimbwi cha maji huku Afrika, meli katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kipisho_cha_Panama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kipisho cha Panama (bado haujaandikwa)">kipisho cha Panama</a>, trafiki katika mzunguko wa barabara za mtaa au kufuatilia wanapoishi katika muda halisi. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vyumba_vya_kuongea_vya_video&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vyumba vya kuongea vya video (bado haujaandikwa)">Vyumba vya kuongea vya video</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikutano_ya_video&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikutano ya video (bado haujaandikwa)">mikutano ya video</a> pia ni maarufu, matumizi mengi yakipatikana ya kamera kibinafsi za mtandao, zilizo na, au zisizo na sauti inayotamba pande zote mbili. <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> ilianzishwa tarehe 15 Februari 2005 na sasa ni tovuti inayoongoza kwa maonyesho ya video za bure pamoja na idadi kubwa ya watumiaji. Inatumia mtandao wenye msingi wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kichezaji_cha_flashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kichezaji cha flashi (bado haujaandikwa)">kichezaji cha flashi</a> kuonyesha faili za video. Watumiaji waliojiandikisha huweza kuongeza idadi isiyo na kipimo ya video na kutengeneza vitambulishi vyao binafsi. YouTube inadai kuwa watumiaji wake hutazama mamia ya mamilioni, na huongeza mamia ya maelfu, ya video kila siku. <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Upatikanaji">Upatikanaji</h2></div> <p>Lugha ya iliyoenea katika mawasiliano ya Intanet ni <a href="/wiki/Kiingereza" title="Kiingereza">Kiingereza</a>. Hii inayotumika zaidi katika intaneti ni Kiingereza. Hili latokana na kuwa ndiyo lugha asilia ya intanet na pia nafasi yake kama lingu-franca = lugha sambazi. Pia inaweza kuhusiana na upungufu wa utendaji wa kompyuta za awali, kiasi kikubwa zikitoka Marekani, kushughulikia maandishi mengine kuliko yale ya lahaja ya Kiingereza ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabeti_ya_Kilatin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabeti ya Kilatin (bado haujaandikwa)">alfabeti ya Kilatin</a>. Baada ya Kiingereza (asilimia 29 ya wageni wa Tovuti) lugha zilizohitajika zaidi katika <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tovuti_ya_Dunia_Nzima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tovuti ya Dunia Nzima (bado haujaandikwa)">Tovuti ya Dunia Nzima</a> ni <a href="/wiki/Kichina" title="Kichina">Kichina</a> (asilimia 22), <a href="/wiki/Kihispania" title="Kihispania">Kihispania</a> (asilimia 8), <a href="/wiki/Kijapani" title="Kijapani">Kijapani</a> (asilimia 6), <a href="/wiki/Kifaransa" title="Kifaransa">Kifaransa</a> (asilimia 5), <a href="/wiki/Kireno" title="Kireno">Kireno</a> na <a href="/wiki/Kijerumani" title="Kijerumani">Kijerumani</a> (kila moja asilimia 4 ), <a href="/wiki/Kiarabu" title="Kiarabu">Kiarabu</a> (asilimia 3) na <a href="/wiki/Kirusi" title="Kirusi">Kirusi</a> na <a href="/wiki/Kikorea" title="Kikorea">Kikorea</a> (kila moja asilimia 2 ). <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Katika kanda, asilimia 42 ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Watumiaji_wa_intaneti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Watumiaji wa intaneti (bado haujaandikwa)">watumiaji wa intaneti</a> duniani wana makao <a href="/w/index.php?title=Barahindi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barahindi (bado haujaandikwa)">Barahindi</a>, asilimia 24 <a href="/wiki/Ulaya" title="Ulaya">Ulaya</a>, asilimia 15 <a href="/wiki/Amerika_ya_Kaskazini" title="Amerika ya Kaskazini">Amerika ya Kaskazini</a>, asilimia 11 <a href="/wiki/Amerika_Kusini" class="mw-redirect" title="Amerika Kusini">Amerika Kusini</a> na <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" class="mw-redirect" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> zikichukuliwa kwa pamoja, asilimia 4 <a href="/wiki/Afrika" title="Afrika">Afrika</a>, asilimia 3 <a href="/wiki/Mashariki" title="Mashariki">Mashariki</a> ya <a href="/wiki/Kati" class="mw-redirect" title="Kati">Kati</a> na asilimia 1 <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> / <a href="/wiki/Oceania" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceania">Oceania</a>. <sup id="cite_ref-inetstats_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inetstats-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Teknolojia za Intanet zimeendelea ya kutosha katika miaka ya hivi karibuni, hasa katika matumizi ya <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a>, kwamba vifaa vizuri vinapatikana kwa maendeleo na mawasiliano katika lugha zinazotumiwa kwa wingi. Hata hivyo, baadhi ya matatizo kama <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mojibake&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mojibake (bado haujaandikwa)">mojibake</a></i> (uonyeshaji usiosahihi wa maandishi ya lugha za kigeni , pia inajulikana kama <i>kryakozyabry)</i> bado hubakia. </p><p>Njia za kawaida za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kupata_Intaneti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kupata Intaneti (bado haujaandikwa)">kupata Intaneti</a> nyumbani ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kwa_kupiga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kwa kupiga (bado haujaandikwa)">kwa kupiga</a>, laini za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Broadband&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Broadband (bado haujaandikwa)">broadband</a> (kupitia waya za koax, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyuzinyuzi_za_optiki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyuzinyuzi za optiki (bado haujaandikwa)">nyuzinyuzi za optiki</a> au waya za shaba), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wi-Fi,_setilaiti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wi-Fi, setilaiti (bado haujaandikwa)">Wi-Fi, setilaiti</a> na teknolojia ya rununu ya 3G. Maeneo ya umma kwa matumizi ya Intaneti ni maktaba na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikahawa_ya_Intaneti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikahawa ya Intaneti (bado haujaandikwa)">mikahawa ya Intaneti</a>, ambamo kompyuta zilizounganishwa na Intaneti hupatikana. Pia kuna <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sehemu_za_kupata_Intaneti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sehemu za kupata Intaneti (bado haujaandikwa)">sehemu za kupata Intaneti</a> katika maeneo mengi ya umma kama vile kumbi za uwanja wa ndege na maduka ya kahawa, katika baadhi ya sehemu hizi kwa matumizi mafupi wakati umesimama. Maneno mbalimbali hutumiwa kama vile "kiosk za umma za interneti", "pahala pa upatikanaji intaneti pa umma", na "simu za kulipia za Mtandao". Hoteli nyingi sasa pia huwa na pahala pa umma, ingawa hizi hulipiwa kulingana na matumizi. Sehemu hizi hutumika kwa matumizi mbalimbali kama ununuzi tiketi , amana za benki, malipo kupitia mtandao nk. Wi-Fi hutoa upatikanaji usiotumia waya wa mitandao ya kompyuta, na kwa hiyo yaweza kufanya hivyo kwa Intanet yenyewe. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sehemu_moto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sehemu moto (bado haujaandikwa)">Sehemu moto</a> zinazotoa upatikanaji kama huo hujumuisha <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikahawa_ya_Wi-Fi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikahawa ya Wi-Fi (bado haujaandikwa)">mikahawa ya Wi-Fi</a>, ambapo watumiaji hupaswa kuleta vifaa vyao visivyotumia waya kufikia Intaneti kama vile <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kompyuta_za_pajani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kompyuta za pajani (bado haujaandikwa)">Kompyuta za pajani</a> au <a href="/w/index.php?title=PDA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PDA (bado haujaandikwa)">PDA</a>. Huduma hizi huweza kuwa bure kwa wote, bure kwa wateja tu, au waliolipishwa. Eneo moto halina haja ya kuwa finyu katika eneo ndogo. Kampasi nzima au bustani, au hata mji mzima unaweza kuwezeshwa. Juhudi za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mashinani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mashinani (bado haujaandikwa)">mashinani</a> zimesababisha<a href="/wiki/Mitandao_ya_kijamii" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitandao ya kijamii">mitandao ya kijamii</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isiyotumia_waya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isiyotumia waya (bado haujaandikwa)">isiyotumia waya</a>. Huduma za Wi-Fi za kibiahsara zinazofunika maeneo ya miji mikubwa zinapatikana <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toronto" class="mw-redirect" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> na <a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" class="mw-redirect" title="Pittsburgh">Pittsburgh</a>. Intanet huweza kupatikana kutoka sehemu hizo kama kiti cha bustani.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mbali na Wi-Fi, kumekuwa na majaribio na mitandao ya simu ya kibiashara isiyotumia waya kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ricochet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ricochet (bado haujaandikwa)">Ricochet</a>, huduma mbalimbali za kasi za data kupitia mitandao ya simu za mkononi na, huduma zisizotumia waya zisizobadilika. Simu za mkononi za hali ya juu kama vile <a href="/w/index.php?title=Smartphone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smartphone (bado haujaandikwa)">smartphone</a> kwa ujumla huja na upatikanaji wa Intaneti kwa kupitia mtandao wa simu. Vivinjari cha mitandao kama vile <a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">Opera</a> hupatikana katika simu hizi za mkononi zilizoendelea, ambazo pia huweza kutekeleza aina nyingie tofauti ya programu za Intaneti. Simu nyingi za mkononi huweza kupata Intanet kuliko PC ingawa hii haitumiki kwa upana. Kinachotoa huduma za upatikanaji wa Intaneti na muundo wa mfanyiko wa itifaki hutofautisha mbinu zinazotumika kupata Intaneti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taathira_za_kijamii">Taathira za kijamii</h2></div> <p>Intaneti imefanya kuwe na uwezekano mkubwa kabisa wa aina mpya za mahusiano ya kijamii, shughuli na upangaji, kutokana na sifa zake msingi kama vile kuenea katika matumizi na upatikanaji. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tovuti_za_kijamii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tovuti za kijamii (bado haujaandikwa)">Tovuti za kijamii</a> kama vile <a href="/w/index.php?title=Facebook_na_MySpace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Facebook na MySpace (bado haujaandikwa)">Facebook na MySpace</a> vimetengeneza aina mpya ya ufahamianaji na mwingiliano. Watumiaji wa tovuti hizi huweza kuongeza vitu mbalimbali kwa kurasa zao binafsi, kuonyesha maslahi yao ya kawaida, na kuungana na watu wengine. Inawezekana kupata mzunguko mkubwa wa marafiki, hasa kama tovuti inaruhusu watumiaji kutumia majina yao halisi, na kuruhusu mawasiliano kati ya makundi makubwa ya watu waliomo. Tovuti kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meetup.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meetup.com (bado haujaandikwa)">meetup.com</a> zipo ili kuruhusu matangazo mapana ya makundi ambayo yanaweza kuwepo hasa kwa mikutano ya ana-kwa-ana, lakini ambayo inaweza kuwa na mahusiano mbalimbali madogo katika tovuti ya kundi lao katika meetup.org, au tovuti zingine zenye kufanana. </p><p>Kizazi cha kwanza kwa sasa kinakuzwa na upatikanaji ulioenea wa kujiunga na Intaneti, unaosababisha utovu wa faragha, utambulisho, na wasiwasi wa kimiliki. "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wenyeji_wa_dijitali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wenyeji wa dijitali (bado haujaandikwa)">Wenyeji wa dijitali</a>" hukumbwa na wasiwasi tofauti ambao haukuwa na vizazi vya mwanzoni. </p><p>Katika jamii za kidemokrasia, mtandao umepata uhusiano mpya kama chombo cha kisiasa, kupelekea <a href="/w/index.php?title=Udhibiti_wa_Intaneti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Udhibiti wa Intaneti (bado haujaandikwa)">udhibiti wa Intaneti</a> na baadhi ya nchi. Kampeni ya urais wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Howard_Dean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Howard Dean (bado haujaandikwa)">Howard Dean</a> mwaka 2004 huko Marekani ulikuwa mashuhuri kwa uwezo wake wa kutoa michango kupitia Intaneti. Makundi mengi ya kisiasa hutumia interneti ili kufanikisha utaratibu mpya wa kujiandaa , ili kutimiza <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wanaharakati_wa_Intaneti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wanaharakati wa Intaneti (bado haujaandikwa)">wanaharakati wa Intaneti</a>. Baadhi ya serikali, kama zile za <a href="/wiki/Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Korea_ya_Kaskazini" class="mw-redirect" title="Korea ya Kaskazini">Korea ya Kaskazini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamhuri" title="Jamhuri">Jamhuri</a> ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Watu_wa_China&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Watu wa China (bado haujaandikwa)">Watu wa China</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, zinaudhibiti wa juu wa yale watu katika nchi zao wanayoweza kupata kwenye Intanet, hasa maudhui ya kisiasa na kidini. Hii inakamilishwa kwa kupitia programu inayoficha makundi na maudhui ili yasipatikane kwa urahisi bila mbinu ya kitaaluma zaidi. </p><p>Nchini <a href="/wiki/Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Norway">Norway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Finland">Finland</a> <sup id="cite_ref-The_Register_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Register-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> na <a href="/wiki/Uswidi" title="Uswidi">Uswidi</a>, watoa huduma za Intaneti kwa hiari yao(pengine kuepuka mpangilio kama huo kuwa sheria) walikubali kudhibiti upatikanaji wa tovuti zilizotajwa na polisi. Ingawa orodha hii ya URL haramu inapaswa kuwa na anwani za tovuti zinazojulikana zenye kuonyesha ponografia ya watoto, yaliyomo katika orodha hii ni siri. Nchi nyingi, ikiwemo Marekani, zimepitisha sheria zinazofanya umiliki au usambazaji wa nyenzo fulani, kama vile <a href="/wiki/Ponografia_ya_watoto" title="Ponografia ya watoto">ponografia ya watoto</a>, iliyoharamu, lakini hazitumii programu ya kuficha. Kuna programu nyingi za bure na zinazouzwa ziitwayo, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Programu_za_udhibiti_wa_maudhui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Programu za udhibiti wa maudhui (bado haujaandikwa)">programu za udhibiti wa maudhui</a>, na ambazo mtumiaji anaweza kuchagua kuzuia tovuti zinazokera katika kompyuta binafsi au mitandao, kama kuzuia uwezekano wa mtoto kupata habari za kimapenzi au vurugu. </p><p>Intaneti imekuwa chanzo kikuu cha burudani tangu kabla ya mtandao wa dunia nzima, kukiwa na majaribio ya kijamii yanayofurahisha kama vile <a href="/w/index.php?title=MUD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MUD (bado haujaandikwa)">MUD</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=MOO&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MOO (bado haujaandikwa)">MOOyaliyofanywa</a> katika vitoa nhuduma vya vyuo vikuu, ambapo makundi ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Usenet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Usenet (bado haujaandikwa)">Usenetya</a> vichekesho yalipokea kiasi kikubwa cha trafiki kuu. Leo, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majukwaa_mengi_ya_Intaneti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majukwaa mengi ya Intaneti (bado haujaandikwa)">majukwaa mengi ya Intaneti</a> yana sehemu ya michezo na video za kuchekesha; katuni(vibonzo) fupi katika mfano wa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinema_za_flashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinema za flashi (bado haujaandikwa)">sinema za flashi</a> pia ni maarufu. Zaidi ya watu milioni 6 hutumia vibadilishanaji maoni (blogu) au mbao za ujumbe kama njia ya mawasiliano na kwa ajili ya kubadilishana mawazo. Viwanda vya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinema_za_watu_wazima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinema za watu wazima (bado haujaandikwa)">sinema za watu wazima</a> na <a href="/wiki/Kamari" title="Kamari">kamari</a> vimechukua faida kamili ya mtandao wa dunia nzima, na mara nyingi hutoa chanzo muhimu ya mapato ya matangazo kwa tovuti zingine. Ingawa serikali nyingi zimejaribu kuweka vikwazo katika matumizi ya Intaneti katika viwanda hivi, zilishindwa kupunguza kuenea umaarufu wa viwanda hivi. </p><p>Eneo moja kuu la burudani kwenye interneti ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michezo_yenye_wahusika_wengi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michezo yenye wahusika wengi (bado haujaandikwa)">Michezo yenye wahusika wengi</a>. Aina hii ya burudani inajenga jamii, kuwaleta watu wa umri fofauti na asili zote kufurahia mwendo wa kasi wa ulimwengu wa michezo ya wahusika wengi. Hii inaanza kutoka <a href="/w/index.php?title=MMORPG_hadi_mfyatua_risasi_wa_kwanza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MMORPG hadi mfyatua risasi wa kwanza (bado haujaandikwa)">MMORPG hadi mfyatua risasi wa kwanza</a> , kutoka <a href="/w/index.php?title=Michezo_ya_kusawiri_mhusika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michezo ya kusawiri mhusika (bado haujaandikwa)">michezo ya kusawiri mhusika</a> hadi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamari_ya_Intaneti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamari ya Intaneti (bado haujaandikwa)">kamari ya Intaneti</a>. Hii imebadilisha njia ambayo watu wengi huweza kuingiliana na jinsi wao wanvyoweza kutumia muda wao wa bure katika Interneti. Wakati michezo ya Intaneti imekuwapo tangu mwongo wa 1970, aina ya kisasa ya michezo ya Intaneti ilianza na huduma kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=GameSpy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GameSpy (bado haujaandikwa)">GameSpy</a> na <a href="/w/index.php?title=MPlayer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MPlayer (bado haujaandikwa)">MPlayer</a>, ambayo wachezaji wa michezo kwa kawaida walijiunga nayo. Wasiyojiunga walikubaliwa kucheza baadhi ya aina za mchezo iliyochezwa au baadhi ya michezo. Wengi hutumia Intaneti kwa kupata na kuchukua muziki, sinema na vitu vingine kwa starehe zao na utulivu. Kama ilivyojadiliwa hapo awali, kuna vyanzo za kulipia na vya bure kwa haya yote, kwa kutumia vitoa huduma vikuu na teknolojia za viwango vinavyolingana. Baadhi ya vyanzo hivi hujali zaidi haki za wasanii wa awali na juu ya sheria za kimiliki kuliko wengine. </p><p>Wengi hutumia mtandao wa dunia nzima kupata habari, taarifa za michezo na hali ya hewa na, kupanga likizo na kujua zaidi kuhusu mawazo na maslahi yao. Watu hutumia <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maongezi_kupitia_mtandao,_utumaji_wa_ujumbe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maongezi kupitia mtandao, utumaji wa ujumbe (bado haujaandikwa)">maongezi kupitia mtandao, utumaji wa ujumbe</a> na barua pepe kuwasiliana na marafiki duniani kote, wakati mwingine kwa njia sawa na jinsi baadhi ya watu awali walivyokuwa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marafiki_ambao_walifahamiana_kwa_barua_tu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marafiki ambao walifahamiana kwa barua tu (bado haujaandikwa)">marafiki ambao walifahamiana kwa barua tu</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mitandao_ya_kijamii" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitandao ya kijamii">Mitandao ya kijamii</a> kama <a href="/w/index.php?title=MySpace,_Facebook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MySpace, Facebook (bado haujaandikwa)">MySpace, Facebook</a> na mingineo, pia huwasaidia watu kuwasiliana kwa starehe zao. Intaneti imeshuhudia kuongezeka kwa idadi ya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kopyuta_binafsi_za_mtandao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kopyuta binafsi za mtandao (bado haujaandikwa)">kopyuta binafsi za mtandao</a>, ambapo watumiaji wanaweza kupata faili zao, folda, na masharti kupitia Intaneti. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matumizi_ya_Intaneti_yamesababisha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matumizi ya Intaneti yamesababisha (bado haujaandikwa)">Matumizi ya Intaneti yamesababisha</a> upungufu mkubwa kwenye rasilimali ya kampuni; mfanyikazi wastani wa Uingereza hutumia dakika 57 kwa siku akipitia mtandao wa dunia nzima wakati akifanyakazi, kulingana na utafiti wa mwaka wa 2003 uliofanywa na Huduma za Kibiashara za Peninsula. <sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hatari_za_Intaneti">Hatari za Intaneti</h2></div> <p>Wavuti wa Webmd umesema kuwa mtu aliyepatwa na ashiki ya kuwa kwa mitandao kila wakati (addicted) huenda akawa na maswala mengine ya kiafya kwa <a href="/wiki/Ubongo" title="Ubongo">ubongo</a> (mental health issues). </p><p>Wavuti pia umefanya watu wawe na uchu wa kuangalia filamu za ponografia kwa sababu hili hufanyika kwa urahisi. </p><p>Vijana wengi pia wamejipata kwa hatari baada ya jumbe katika vyombo vya habari vya kijamii (social media) baada ya kutapeliwa au hata kutekwa nyara na watu waliojifanya marafiki. </p><p>Kumekuwa pia na michezo mibaya iliyowafanya vijana kujiua kama vile <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/andrewrossow/2018/02/28/cyberbullying-taken-to-a-whole-new-level-enter-the-blue-whale-challenge/">Blue Whale challenge</a> ambapo wachezaji walikuwa wakishawishiwa wajitoe uhai baada ya kushiriki katika mchezo. </p><p>Kumekuwa pia na michezo ya kamari (online betting) ambapo watu wapoteza pesa na hata kugeukia kuwa wezi ili waweze kuendelea kucheza michezo ile. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jinsi_ya_kudhibiti_intaneti_kama_mzazi">Jinsi ya kudhibiti intaneti kama mzazi</h2></div> <p>Wazazi wana jukumu la kuhakikisha kuwa wanao hawaingii katika wavuti baya za <a href="/wiki/Ponografia" title="Ponografia">ponografia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ugaidi" title="Ugaidi">ugaidi</a>, zinazofunza <a href="/wiki/Itikadi_kali" title="Itikadi kali">itikadi kali</a> au zinazohimiza au kuwashawishi <a href="/wiki/Watoto" class="mw-redirect" title="Watoto">watoto</a> kushiriki katika <a href="/wiki/Tabia" title="Tabia">tabia</a> mbovu. Wanaweza kufanya hivi kwa kuweka "rotating proxies" ambazo hudhibiti kinachoonwa kwa wavuti ile. Pia wanafaa waongee na watoto na kuwaambia madhara ya mitandao. </p><p>Kama una <a href="/wiki/Uraibu" title="Uraibu">uraibu</a> wa Intaneti, inafaa uchukue likizo usitumie mitandao ili uweze kuongea na watu moja kwa moja. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tazama_pia">Tazama pia</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blogu" title="Blogu">Blogu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiki" title="Wiki">Wiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tovuti" title="Tovuti">Tovuti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uhuru_wa_habari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uhuru wa habari (bado haujaandikwa)">Uhuru wa habari</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tanbihi">Tanbihi</h2></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1346650">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210116110920/http://yiqiweb.com/">"Nakala iliyohifadhiwa"</a>. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yiqiweb.com/">chanzo</a> mnamo 2021-01-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2021-04-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nakala+iliyohifadhiwa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yiqiweb.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/struct/links.html#h-12.1">"Links"</a>. <i>HTML 4.01 Specification</i>. World Wide Web Consortium. HTML 4.01 Specification<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2008-08-13</span></span>. <q>[T]he link (or hyperlink, or Web link) [is] the basic hypertext construct. A link is a connection from one Web resource to another. Although a simple concept, the link has been one of the primary forces driving the success of the Web.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HTML+4.01+Specification&rft.atitle=Links&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FTR%2Fhtml401%2Fstruct%2Flinks.html%23h-12.1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_web" title="Kigezo:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check date values in: <code class="cs1-code">|date=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070407064829/http://www.darpa.mil/body/arpa_darpa.html">"ARPA/DARPA"</a>. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.darpa.mil/body/arpa_darpa.html">chanzo</a> mnamo 2007-04-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2007-05-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ARPA%2FDARPA&rft.pub=Defense+Advanced+Research+Projects+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.darpa.mil%2Fbody%2Farpa_darpa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070407182222/http://www.darpa.mil/body/overtheyears.html">"DARPA Over the Years"</a>. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.darpa.mil/body/overtheyears.html">chanzo</a> mnamo 2007-04-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2007-05-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DARPA+Over+the+Years&rft.pub=Defense+Advanced+Research+Projects+Agency&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.darpa.mil%2Fbody%2Fovertheyears.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFBaran1964" class="citation book cs1">Baran, Paul (1964). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_memoranda/RM3767"><i>On Distributed Communications</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Distributed+Communications&rft.date=1964&rft.aulast=Baran&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rand.org%2Fpubs%2Fresearch_memoranda%2FRM3767&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFCoffman,_K._G;_Odlyzko,_A._M.1998" class="citation journal cs1">Coffman, K. G; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Odlyzko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Odlyzko (bado haujaandikwa)">Odlyzko</a>, A. M. (1998-10-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dtc.umn.edu/~odlyzko/doc/internet.size.pdf">"The size and growth rate of the Internet"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. AT&T Labs<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2007-05-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+size+and+growth+rate+of+the+Internet&rft.date=1998-10-02&rft.au=Coffman%2C+K.+G%3B+Odlyzko%2C+A.+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dtc.umn.edu%2F~odlyzko%2Fdoc%2Finternet.size.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Kigezo:Cite_journal" title="Kigezo:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Msaada:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Msaada:CS1 errors (bado haujaandikwa)">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Jamii:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jamii:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (bado haujaandikwa)">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFComer2006" class="citation book cs1">Comer, Douglas (2006). <i>The Internet book</i>. Prentice Hall. uk. 64. <a href="/w/index.php?title=ISBN_(identifier)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISBN (identifier) (bado haujaandikwa)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0132335530" title="Maalum:ZuiaChanzo/0132335530"><bdi>0132335530</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Internet+book&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Prentice+Hall&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0132335530&rft.aulast=Comer&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stats1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-stats1_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110623200007/http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm">"World Internet Users and Population Stats"</a>. <i>Internet World Stats</i>. Miniwatts Marketing Group. 2009-06-30. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm">chanzo</a> mnamo 2011-06-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2009-11-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+World+Stats&rft.atitle=World+Internet+Users+and+Population+Stats&rft.date=2009-06-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.internetworldstats.com%2Fstats.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ietf.org/">"IETF Home Page"</a>. Ietf.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2009-06-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IETF+Home+Page&rft.pub=Ietf.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ietf.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite id="CITEREFHuston" class="citation web cs1">Huston, Geoff. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/index.html">"IPv4 Address Report, daily generated"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2009-05-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IPv4+Address+Report%2C+daily+generated&rft.aulast=Huston&rft.aufirst=Geoff&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.potaroo.net%2Ftools%2Fipv4%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100107095025/https://www.arin.net/knowledge/about_resources/ceo_letter.pdf">"Notice of Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) Address Depletion"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arin.net/knowledge/about_resources/ceo_letter.pdf">chanzo</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> mnamo 2010-01-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2009-08-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Notice+of+Internet+Protocol+version+4+%28IPv4%29+Address+Depletion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arin.net%2Fknowledge%2Fabout_resources%2Fceo_letter.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Walter Willinger, Ramesh Govindan, Sugih Yamini, Vern Paxson, na Scott Shenker (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/99/suppl_1/2573">Scaling phenomena in the Internet,</a> katika <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, uk.99,</i> suppl. 1, 2573-2580</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/businesstechnology/2003667811_btrebuildnet16.html">"internet Makeover?</a><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/businesstechnology/2003667811_btrebuildnet16.html">Some Urge its time ".</a> Gazetti la Seattle Times, tarehe 16 Aprili 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/t/fact_sheet">"YouTube Fact Sheet"</a>. YouTube, LLC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2009-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=YouTube+Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=YouTube%2C+LLC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Ft%2Ffact_sheet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats7.htm">internet World Stats,</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20120426122721/http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats7.htm">Archived</a> 26 Aprili 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. zilizichapishwa upya tarehe 30 Juni 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inetstats-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-inetstats_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm">World Internet Usage Statistics News and Population Stats</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20110623200007/http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm">Archived</a> 23 Juni 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. zilizoandikwa upya 30 Juni 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000082&sid=aQ0ZfhMa4XGQ&refer=canada">"Toronto Hydro to Install Wireless Network in Downtown Toronto".</a> Bloomberg.com. Ilichukuliwa tarehe 19-Mar-2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Register-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-The_Register_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/02/18/finnish_policy_censor_activist/">"Finland censors anti-censorship site"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Register&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Register (bado haujaandikwa)">The Register</a></i>. 2008-02-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2008-02-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Register&rft.atitle=Finland+censors+anti-censorship+site&rft.date=2008-02-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theregister.co.uk%2F2008%2F02%2F18%2Ffinnish_policy_censor_activist%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1346650"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.scotsman.com/topics.cfm?tid=914&id=1001802003">"Scotsman.com News - Net abuse hits small city firms"</a>. News.scotsman.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Iliwekwa mnamo <span class="nowrap">2009-08-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Scotsman.com+News+-+Net+abuse+hits+small+city+firms&rft.pub=News.scotsman.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.scotsman.com%2Ftopics.cfm%3Ftid%3D914%26id%3D1001802003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsw.wikipedia.org%3AIntaneti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Marejeo">Marejeo</h2></div> <ul><li>Rehmeyer, Julie J. 2007. Mapping a medusa: Intaneti inasambaza mizizi yake Science News 171 (23 Juni) :387-388. Inapatikana <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20070623/fob2.asp">http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20070623/fob2.asp</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20080419102915/http://www.sciencenews.org/articles/20070623/fob2.asp">Archived</a> 19 Aprili 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>..</li> <li>Castells, M. 1996. Rise of the Network Society. 3 vols. Vol. 1. Cambridge, MA: Wachapishaji wa Blackwell .</li> <li>Castells, M. (2001), “Lessons from the History of Internet”, in “The Internet Galaxy”, Ch. 1, ukurasa 9-35. Uchapishaji wa Chuo Kikuu cha Oxford.</li> <li><a class="external mw-magiclink-rfc" rel="nofollow" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1122">RFC 1122</a>, Requirements for Internet Hosts—Communication Layers, IETF, R. Braden (Ed.), Oktoba 1989</li> <li><a class="external mw-magiclink-rfc" rel="nofollow" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1123">RFC 1123</a>, Requirements for Internet Hosts—Application and Support, IETF, R. Braden (Ed.), Oktoba 1989</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viungo_vya_nje">Viungo vya nje</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kilinux.udsm.ac.tz/kiblog/sw_TZ_glossary_klnX_1.html">Orodha ya maneno ya tarakishi ya mradi wa Kilinux kwenye Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20070315122634/http://www.kilinux.udsm.ac.tz/kiblog/sw_TZ_glossary_klnX_1.html">Archived</a> 15 Machi 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kwa_Kiingereza">Kwa Kiingereza</h3></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nsf.gov/about/history/nsf0050/internet/internet.htm">Intanet</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20080907002515/http://www.nsf.gov/about/history/nsf0050/internet/internet.htm">Archived</a> 7 Septemba 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. (Wakfu wa sayansi wa Kitaifa)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/13.08/intro.html">"Miaka 10 iliyobadilisha dunia" - Wired anaangalia nyuma mageuzi katika Intanet kwa miaka 10 iliyopita</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/home/">Makao ya Intanet na jamii ya Berkman yaliyo Harvard</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.cbc.ca/IDD-1-75-1738/science_technology/internet/">Hifadhi za Dijital za CDC-Uzushi wa umri wa Intanet</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.internetvalley.com/archives/mirrors/cerf-how-inet.txt">Jinsi Intanet ilikuja kuwa jinsi ilivyo.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20060701050011/http://www.internetvalley.com/archives/mirrors/cerf-how-inet.txt">Archived</a> 1 Julai 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml">Kurasa ya nyumbani ya tovuti la Shirika la Intanet. </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20070604153304/http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml">Archived</a> 4 Juni 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc801.txt">RFC 801, Upangaji wa ubadilishanaji katika TCP/IP</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/information_society/eeurope/i2010/mid_term_review_2008/index_en.htm">Kutayarisha masuala ya dijitali ya usoni ya Ulaya - i2010 Upitiaji tena wa kati ya muhula</a></li> <li>Manjoo, Farhad - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/id/2212108/pagenum/all/">The Unrecognizable internet of 1996</a> - <i><a href="/wiki/Slate" class="mw-redirect" title="Slate">Slate</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heinosoft.nl/nl/46_no_cure_no_pay.htm">No cure no pay zoekmachine optimalisatie</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20120323223237/http://www.heinosoft.nl/nl/46_no_cure_no_pay.htm">Archived</a> 23 Machi 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osce.org/item/13570.html">Media Freedom Internet Cookbook</a> ulioandikwa na <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mwakilishi_wa_OSCE_kuhusu_uhuru_wa_vyombo_vya_habari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mwakilishi wa OSCE kuhusu uhuru wa vyombo vya habari (bado haujaandikwa)">Mwakilishi wa OSCE kuhusu uhuru wa vyombo vya habari</a> huko Vienna mwaka wa 2004</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.firstmonday.org/">First Monday</a> Jarida lililochunguzwa na wasomi wa kiwango kimoja katika Intaneti.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovermagazine.com/2007/jun/how-much-does-the-internet-weigh">How Much Does The Internet WEIGH?</a> ulioandikwa na Stephen CASS, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Discover&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Discover (bado haujaandikwa)">Discover</a> 2007</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gadgetmeetsguy.com/dns-probe-finished-no-internet">Fixing ‘DNS Probe Finished No Internet’ Error</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/20200804233833/https://gadgetmeetsguy.com/dns-probe-finished-no-internet">Archived</a> 4 Agosti 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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