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Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"> <span class="search-box-icon-overlay"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> </span> </div><button id="searchIcon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet skin-minerva-search-trigger"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </button> </form> <nav class="minerva-user-navigation" aria-label="Navigation utilisateur"> </nav> </div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Indépendant (politique)</span></h1> <div class="tagline"> personnalité politique non liée à un parti politique </div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Langue" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Langue</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Ind%C3%A9pendant+(politique)&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.watch" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet 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<div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Homonymie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Pour les articles homonymes, voir <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Se?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Se">SE</a>.</p> </div> </div> <div class="bandeau-container metadata homonymie hatnote"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Homonymie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/20px-Confusion_colour.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/30px-Confusion_colour.svg.png 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Confusion_colour.svg/40px-Confusion_colour.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200"></a></span> </div> <div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Ne doit pas être confondu avec <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ind%C3%A9pendantiste?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Indépendantiste">Indépendantiste</a>.</p> </div> </div> <p>Les labels <b>indépendant</b> (abrégé en <b>Ind</b>), <b>sans étiquette</b> (<b>SE</b>), <b>sans parti</b> (<b>SP</b>), désignent une <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Personnalit%C3%A9_politique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Personnalité politique">personnalité politique</a> ne se réclamant d'aucun <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_politique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti politique">parti politique</a> ou affirmant son indépendance par rapport aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clivage_(politique)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clivage (politique)">clivages politiques</a> habituels et proposant un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Programme_%C3%A9lectoral?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Programme électoral">programme électoral</a> personnel.</p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Sommaire</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Afrique"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Afrique</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Alg%C3%A9rie"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Algérie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tunisie"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Tunisie</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Am%C3%A9rique"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Amérique</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Canada"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Canada</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C3%89tats-Unis"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">États-Unis</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Mexique"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Mexique</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Asie"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Asie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liban"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Liban</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Qatar"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Qatar</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Europe"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Europe</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Belgique"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Belgique</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Espagne"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Espagne</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-14"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Estonie"><span class="tocnumber">4.3</span> <span class="toctext">Estonie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-15"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#France"><span class="tocnumber">4.4</span> <span class="toctext">France</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Lettonie"><span class="tocnumber">4.5</span> <span class="toctext">Lettonie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-17"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Portugal"><span class="tocnumber">4.6</span> <span class="toctext">Portugal</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-18"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Russie"><span class="tocnumber">4.7</span> <span class="toctext">Russie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-19"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Suisse"><span class="tocnumber">4.8</span> <span class="toctext">Suisse</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Oc%C3%A9anie"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Océanie</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-21"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Australie"><span class="tocnumber">5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Australie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-22"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Fidji"><span class="tocnumber">5.2</span> <span class="toctext">Fidji</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-23"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Nouvelle-Z%C3%A9lande"><span class="tocnumber">5.3</span> <span class="toctext">Nouvelle-Zélande</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-24"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Salomon"><span class="tocnumber">5.4</span> <span class="toctext">Salomon</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-25"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Tonga"><span class="tocnumber">5.5</span> <span class="toctext">Tonga</span></a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Notes_et_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Notes et références</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Voir_aussi"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Voir aussi</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-28"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Articles_connexes"><span class="tocnumber">7.1</span> <span class="toctext">Articles connexes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-29"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Liens_externes"><span class="tocnumber">7.2</span> <span class="toctext">Liens externes</span></a></li> </ul></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Afrique">Afrique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Afrique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Algérie"><span id="Alg.C3.A9rie"></span>Algérie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Algérie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>L'actuel président de l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alg%C3%A9rie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Algérie">Algérie</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Abdelmadjid_Tebboune?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Abdelmadjid Tebboune">Abdelmadjid Tebboune</a>, s'est présenté en tant que candidat indépendant durant la campagne de l'élection présidentielle de 2019. Il reste cependant membre du comité central du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Front_de_lib%C3%A9ration_nationale_(Alg%C3%A9rie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Front de libération nationale (Algérie)">FLN</a> dont il est membre depuis les années 1970. Le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Premier_ministre_d%27Alg%C3%A9rie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Premier ministre d'Algérie">Premier ministre</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nadir_Larbaoui?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nadir Larbaoui">Nadir Larbaoui</a> également indépendant. --></p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Tunisie">Tunisie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Tunisie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le président de la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tunisie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tunisie">Tunisie</a> <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ka%C3%AFs_Sa%C3%AFed?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kaïs Saïed">Kaïs Saïed</a> est élu en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lection_pr%C3%A9sidentielle_tunisienne_de_2019?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élection présidentielle tunisienne de 2019">2019</a> et réélu en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lection_pr%C3%A9sidentielle_tunisienne_de_2024?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élection présidentielle tunisienne de 2024">2024</a> en se présentant comme indépendant. Les chefs du gouvernement <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hichem_Mechichi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hichem Mechichi">Hichem Mechichi</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Najla_Bouden?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Najla Bouden">Najla Bouden</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ahmed_Hachani?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ahmed Hachani">Ahmed Hachani</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kamel_Madouri?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kamel Madouri">Kamel Madouri</a> sont également sans affiliation politique officielle.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Amérique"><span id="Am.C3.A9rique"></span>Amérique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Amérique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Canada" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Pour les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_au_Canada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections au Canada">élections fédérales</a>, tout candidat qui ne reçoit pas l'appui d'un parti politique enregistré auprès d'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_Canada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections Canada">Élections Canada</a> doit se présenter comme <span class="citation">« indépendant »</span> ou <span class="citation">« sans désignation »</span>. La seule différence étant que, sur le bulletin, dans le premier cas le mot <span class="citation">« indépendant »</span> est accolé au nom du candidat, et dans l'autre, le nom du candidat apparaît seul.</p> <p>Des candidats indépendants peuvent également se présenter lors des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Provinces_et_territoires_du_Canada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Provinces et territoires du Canada">élections provinciales</a>. Au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Québec">Québec</a>, la loi prévoit que le terme <span class="citation">« indépendant »</span> est réservé et qu'aucun <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_politique_du_Qu%C3%A9bec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti politique du Québec">parti politique</a> ne peut l'utiliser dans son nom<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Pour recueillir des dons, un candidat indépendant au Québec doit recevoir l'autorisation du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Directeur_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral_des_%C3%A9lections_du_Qu%C3%A9bec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Directeur général des élections du Québec">directeur général des élections</a> et faire appel à un représentant officiel<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>L'élection de députés indépendants au Parlement ou à une élection provinciale est relativement rare. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Arthur?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="André Arthur">André Arthur</a> est élu de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Portneuf%E2%80%94Jacques-Cartier?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Portneuf—Jacques-Cartier">Portneuf—Jacques-Cartier</a> à la Chambre des communes lors des élections de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rales_canadiennes_de_2006?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections fédérales canadiennes de 2006">2006</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rales_canadiennes_de_2008?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections fédérales canadiennes de 2008">2008</a>. Après avoir été exclue du caucus libéral, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jody_Wilson-Raybould?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jody Wilson-Raybould">Jody Wilson-Raybould</a> est élue de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vancouver_Granville?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vancouver Granville">Vancouver Granville</a> comme indépendante à la Chambre des communes lors des élections de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rales_canadiennes_de_2019?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections fédérales canadiennes de 2019">2019</a>. Au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Qu%C3%A9bec?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Québec">Québec</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Frank_Hanley?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Frank Hanley">Frank Hanley</a> est élu comme député indépendant sans interruption lors de six élections générales de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rales_qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9coises_de_1948?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections générales québécoises de 1948">1948</a> à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rales_qu%C3%A9b%C3%A9coises_de_1970?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections générales québécoises de 1970">1970</a>.</p> <p>À la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chambre_des_communes_du_Canada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chambre des communes du Canada">Chambre des communes</a>, au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_du_Canada?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sénat du Canada">Sénat</a> et dans les législatures provinciales, un candidat indépendant élu ou un député démissionnaire ou expulsé du caucus de son parti est également qualifié d'indépendant. En outre, à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_nationale_(Qu%C3%A9bec)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Assemblée nationale (Québec)">Assemblée nationale du Québec</a> est qualifié d'indépendant tout député qui ne fait partie d'aucun <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_parlementaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe parlementaire">groupe parlementaire</a> reconnu (seuls les partis politiques ayant au moins 12 députés ou ayant obtenu 20 % des voix lors de la dernière élection générale sont reconnus comme groupe parlementaire<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>).</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="États-Unis"><span id=".C3.89tats-Unis"></span>États-Unis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : États-Unis" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Les élus portant le label <span class="citation">« indépendant »</span> ou <span class="citation">« tiers parti »</span> sont rares aux États-Unis. Les membres du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_d%C3%A9mocrate_(%C3%89tats-Unis)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti démocrate (États-Unis)">Parti démocrate</a> et du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_r%C3%A9publicain_(%C3%89tats-Unis)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti républicain (États-Unis)">Parti républicain</a> bénéficient d'une plus grande visibilité et de soutiens. <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/George_Washington?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="George Washington">George Washington</a> est la seule personne élue président dans l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Histoire_des_%C3%89tats-Unis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Histoire des États-Unis">histoire des États-Unis</a> après s'être présenté en tant qu’indépendant<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Mexique">Mexique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Mexique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Indépendant est le qualificatif attribué aux candidats à une élection ou aux députés au <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Congr%C3%A8s_de_l%27Union?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Congrès de l'Union">Congrès de l'Union</a> qui ne sont pas associés à la bannière d'un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liste_des_partis_politiques_au_Mexique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Liste des partis politiques au Mexique">parti politique</a> autorisé<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Asie">Asie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Asie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Au Moyen-Orient, dans les pays disposant d'un parlement ou de conseils consultatifs, il n'y a généralement pas de parti politique. Ils sont donc de facto Sans Étiquette.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liban">Liban</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=9&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liban" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Au Liban, à la suite des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Chambre_des_d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s_(Liban)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Chambre des députés (Liban)">élections parlementaires</a> de 2022, 41 députés sur 128 sont indépendants.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Qatar">Qatar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=10&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Qatar" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Au Qatar, les élus sont tous indépendants.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Europe">Europe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=11&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Europe" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Belgique">Belgique</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=12&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Belgique" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>En Belgique, il y a de nombreux élus communaux sans étiquette, surtout dans les petites communes où les listes ne sont pas toujours officiellement liées à l'un ou l'autre parti d'envergure nationale (<span class="citation">« Liste de bourgmestres »</span>, <span class="citation">« Intérêts communaux »</span>). Des élus en dissidence de leur parti d'origine siègent également pendant le reste de la mandature comme <span class="citation">« indépendants »</span>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Espagne">Espagne</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=13&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Espagne" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Il est devenu assez fréquent au cours <span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage devrait préciser au minimum la décennie ou l'année." style="cursor:help;">des dernières années</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Quand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Quand">[Quand ?]</a></sup> que des personnes de la société civile concourent comme indépendantes lors d'élections notamment lors des élections générales et tout particulièrement pour les nouveaux partis ayant éclos tels que <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Podemos_(parti_espagnol)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Podemos (parti espagnol)"><span class="lang-es" lang="es">Podemos</span></a> ou <span class="lang-es" lang="es"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ciudadanos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ciudadanos">Ciudadanos</a></span>.</p> <p>Le même phénomène est très visible en <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Catalogne?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Catalogne">Catalogne</a> puisque les partis demandant l'indépendance de la Catalogne souhaitent une adhésion populaire au projet.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Estonie">Estonie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=14&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Estonie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-10-03" data-sort-value="2016-10-03">3 octobre 2016</time>, la présidente de l’Estonie, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kersti_Kaljulaid?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kersti Kaljulaid">Kersti Kaljulaid</a>, est élue en s'étant présentée comme indépendante.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="France">France</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=15&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : France" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-information"> <div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone-css loupe"> Article connexe : <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Divers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Divers">Divers</a>. </div> </div> <p>En France, des personnalités <span class="citation">« sans étiquette »</span> sont fréquemment candidates lors des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_municipales_en_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections municipales en France">élections municipales</a> et <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_d%C3%A9partementales_en_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections départementales en France">départementales</a>. Ces candidats se présentent très rarement lors d'élections nationales (par exemple <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Bov%C3%A9?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="José Bové">José Bové</a> à l'<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lection_pr%C3%A9sidentielle_fran%C3%A7aise_de_2007?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élection présidentielle française de 2007">élection présidentielle de 2007</a>).</p> <p>En <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/1920_en_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="1920 en France">1920</a>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alexandre_Millerand?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alexandre Millerand">Alexandre Millerand</a> a été élu <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sident_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Président de la République française">président de la République</a> sans étiquette. Dissident du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Parti_radical_(France)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parti radical (France)">Parti radical</a> il est élu avec 89 % des voix par la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bloc_national_(France)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bloc national (France)">Chambre bleu horizon (Bloc national)</a>, coalition de la droite et des radicaux.</p> <p>Après <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2001_en_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2001 en France">2001</a>, <span class="citation">« sans étiquette »</span> n'est plus utilisée dans la nomenclature du <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Minist%C3%A8re_de_l%27Int%C3%A9rieur_(France)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ministère de l'Intérieur (France)">ministère de l'Intérieur</a>. Les candidats et listes se présentant alors comme <span class="citation">« sans étiquette »</span> sont classés dans la nuance <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Divers_centre?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Divers centre">divers centre</a> (DVC), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Divers_droite?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Divers droite">divers droite</a> (DVD), <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Divers_gauche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Divers gauche">divers gauche</a> (DVG) ou autres (AUT) selon leur positionnement politique. À partir de <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/2008_en_France?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="2008 en France">2008</a>, ces quatre catégories officielles disparaissent et sont regroupées dans liste divers (LDIV) ou pour les élections uninominales divers (DIV). On y trouve des candidats et des élus inclassables ou défendant des intérêts catégoriels et, par défaut, ceux qui ne se réclament d'aucune sensibilité politique<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Aux élections dites <span class="citation">« représentatives »</span>, c'est-à-dire syndicales, d'élèves ou de parents d'élèves, les listes sans étiquettes sont étiquetées liste divers (LDIV), ou indépendants, ou non constituées en associations ou si elles sont constituées associations locales non affiliées. Avec 80 % des élus, ces deux dernières sont majoritaires dans les écoles maternelles, élémentaires, les lycées professionnels et les établissements adaptés (minoritaires dans les collèges et lycées)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Lettonie">Lettonie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=16&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Lettonie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-05-29" data-sort-value="2019-05-29">29 mai 2019</time>, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Egils_Levits?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Egils Levits">Egils Levits</a> est élu président de la Lettonie au suffrage indirect. Il s’est présenté comme <span class="citation">« sans étiquette »</span>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Portugal">Portugal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=17&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Portugal" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-03-09" data-sort-value="2016-03-09">9 mars 2016</time>, Le président du Portugal, <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Marcelo_Rebelo_de_Sousa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa">Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa</a> est élu en s'étant présenté comme indépendant.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Russie">Russie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=18&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Russie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Un député indépendant<sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:Qui?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Qui">[Qui ?]</a></sup> est présent à la <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Douma_d%27%C3%89tat?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Douma d'État">Douma d'État</a> après les élections de 2016.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Suisse">Suisse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=19&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Suisse" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>En Suisse, <span class="need_ref" title="Ce passage nécessite une référence (demandé le 2021-05-16)." style="cursor:help;">il y a très peu de vrais candidats sans étiquette</span><sup class="need_ref_tag" style="padding-left:2px;"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire">[réf. nécessaire]</a></sup>. En effet, au niveau communal, il existe généralement des ententes communales, qui regroupent les citoyens qui le souhaitent dans une organisation apolitique qui n'est affiliée à aucun parti politique ni alliée à aucune d'entre eux<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <p>Depuis 2011, un <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Conseil_des_%C3%89tats_(Suisse)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Conseil des États (Suisse)">conseiller aux États</a> (<a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Thomas_Minder?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Thomas Minder">Thomas Minder</a>) est un indépendant, bien qu'il siège dans le <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Groupe_parlementaire_de_l%27UDC_%C3%A0_l%27Assembl%C3%A9e_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Groupe parlementaire de l'UDC à l'Assemblée fédérale">groupe UDC</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Océanie"><span id="Oc.C3.A9anie"></span>Océanie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=20&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Océanie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>En <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Oc%C3%A9anie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Océanie">Océanie</a>, il n'est pas rare que des candidats sans étiquette se présentent aux élections législatives, et dans certains pays océaniens ils sont fréquemment élus. Aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tuvalu?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a>, à <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nauru?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nauru">Nauru</a> ou aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Palaos?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palaos">Palaos</a>, il n'existe pas de partis politiques, et tous les députés sont donc sans étiquette, organisés en groupements informels<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>9<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>10<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Australie">Australie</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=21&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Australie" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>En <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Australie?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Australie">Australie</a>, il est bien plus rare que des candidats indépendants soient élus, mais à la suite des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rales_australiennes_de_2010?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections fédérales australiennes de 2010">élections législatives fédérales de 2010</a>, la Chambre des Représentants compte quatre députés indépendants sur cent-cinquante, et le soutien de trois d'entre eux est crucial à la formation du gouvernement<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>11<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Fidji">Fidji</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=22&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Fidji" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fidji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fidji">Fidji</a>, il n'était historiquement pas rare que des candidats sans étiquette se présentent, mais il était relativement rare qu'ils soient élus. À la suite des <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_l%C3%A9gislatives_fidjiennes_de_2006?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections législatives fidjiennes de 2006">élections législatives de 2006</a>, il y avait deux députés sans étiquette, sur soixante-et-onze, à la Chambre des Représentants<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-12"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>12<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Une réforme électorale introduisant un mode de scrutin proportionnel, toutefois, a été défavorable aux candidats indépendants. Seuls deux se sont présentés aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_l%C3%A9gislatives_fidjiennes_de_2014?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections législatives fidjiennes de 2014">élections législatives de 2014</a>, sans succès<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-13"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>13<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Nouvelle-Zélande"><span id="Nouvelle-Z.C3.A9lande"></span>Nouvelle-Zélande</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=23&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Nouvelle-Zélande" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>En <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nouvelle-Z%C3%A9lande?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nouvelle-Zélande">Nouvelle-Zélande</a>, ce phénomène est quasi inexistant ; le Parlement ne compte aucun député indépendant après les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_l%C3%A9gislatives_n%C3%A9o-z%C3%A9landaises_de_2014?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections législatives néo-zélandaises de 2014">élections de 2014</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-14"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>14<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Salomon">Salomon</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=24&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Salomon" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%8Eles_Salomon?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Îles Salomon">Îles Salomon</a>, après les élections législatives de 2010, le Parlement compte dix-neuf députés sans étiquette sur cinquante, et plusieurs ont obtenu des postes de ministres<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-15"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>15<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_l%C3%A9gislatives_salomonaises_de_2014?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections législatives salomonaises de 2014">élections de 2014</a>, la majorité des candidats se présentent sans étiquette, produisant un parlement où trente-deux députés sur cinquante ne sont membres d'aucun parti politique<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-16"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>16<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Tonga">Tonga</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=25&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Tonga" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Aux <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tonga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tonga">Tonga</a>, la plupart des candidats sont sans étiquette, et après les <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89lections_l%C3%A9gislatives_tongiennes_de_2010?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Élections législatives tongiennes de 2010">élections législatives de 2010</a> le Parlement compte quatorze députés sans étiquette sur vingt-six, le premier ministre lui-même étant sans étiquette<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-17"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>17<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-18"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>18<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=26&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul> <li>Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l'article intitulé « <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DInd%25C3%25A9pendant_(Canada)%26oldid%3D118754186">Indépendant (Canada)</a> » <small>(voir <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DInd%25C3%25A9pendant_(Canada)%26oldid%3D118754186%26action%3Dhistory">la liste des auteurs</a></span>)</small></span>.</li> </ul> <ul> <li>Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l'article intitulé « <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DInd%25C3%25A9pendant_(Qu%25C3%25A9bec)%26oldid%3D118754196">Indépendant (Québec)</a> » <small>(voir <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DInd%25C3%25A9pendant_(Qu%25C3%25A9bec)%26oldid%3D118754196%26action%3Dhistory">la liste des auteurs</a></span>)</small></span>.</li> </ul> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Loi_%C3%A9lectorale_(Qu%C3%A9bec)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Loi électorale (Québec)">Loi électorale</a>, L.R.Q., chapitre E-3.3, article 50.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.electionsquebec.qc.ca/francais/provincial/candidature/candidat-independant.php"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Candidat indépendant</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Élections Quebec</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-04-16" data-sort-value="2016-04-16">16 avril 2016</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Règlement de l'Assemblée nationale, mai 2007, articles 13 à 15. <small>[<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.assnat.qc.ca/fr/document/14803.html">lire en ligne</a>]</small></span></li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2020">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.lepoint.fr/monde/les-1-223-autres-candidats-a-la-presidence-des-etats-unis-02-11-2020-2399005_24.php"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Les 1 223 autres candidats à la présidence des États-Unis</cite></a> », <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-11-02" data-sort-value="2020-11-02">2 novembre 2020</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-04-14" data-sort-value="2021-04-14">14 avril 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.senado.gob.mx/legislatura.php?ver%3Dgrupos">Groupes parlementaires au Congrès du Mexique</a> <span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011223239/http://www.senado.gob.mx/legislatura.php?ver%3Dgrupos">Copie archivée</a> »</span> <small>(version du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2008-10-11" data-sort-value="2008-10-11">11 octobre 2008</time> sur <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Internet_Archive?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>)</small></span></li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.senat.fr/basile/visio.do?id%3DqSEQ080103109"><abbr class="abbr" title="journal officiel">JO</abbr> Sénat du <time class="nowrap" datetime="2008-03-20" data-sort-value="2008-03-20">20 mars 2008</time>, <span class="nowrap">page 566</span></a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.education.gouv.fr/cid136422/resultats-des-elections-des-representants-des-parents-d-eleves.html">Résultats définitifs des élections des représentants des parents d'élèves aux conseils des écoles et aux conseils d'administration des établissements du <abbr class="abbr" title="Second">2<sup>d</sup></abbr> degré</a>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2020">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.arcinfo.ch/articles/regions/canton/ententes-communales-s-engager-en-evitant-les-partis-politiques-909481"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Ententes communales: s’engager en évitant les partis politiques</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">arcinfo.ch</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-15" data-sort-value="2020-02-15">15 février 2020</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-05-16" data-sort-value="2021-05-16">16 mai 2021</time>)</small></span>.</span></li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-9">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/tuvalu/tuvalu_brief.html">"Tuvalu country brief"</a>, Ministère australien des Affaires étrangères</span></li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-10">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.dfat.gov.au/geo/nauru/nauru_brief.html">"Nauru country brief"</a>, Ministère australien des Affaires étrangères</span></li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-11">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.smh.com.au/federal-election/powers-in-balance-after-rise-of-the-crossbenchers-20100821-13a42.html?rand%3D1282402988738">"Power’s in balance after rise of the crossbenchers"</a>, <i>Sydney Morning Herald</i>, 22 août 2010</span></li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-12">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.elections.gov.fj/results2006/elect_candidates.html">Résultats officiels des élections de 2006</a>, Bureau électoral du gouvernement fidjien</span></li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-13">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.electionsfiji.gov.fj/2014-election-results/">Résultats des élections de 2014</a>, Bureau électoral fidjien, 22 septembre 2014</span></li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-14">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.electionresults.govt.nz/electionresults_2014/partystatus.html">"Official Count Results -- Overall Status"</a>, Commission électorale de Nouvelle-Zélande</span></li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-15">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.sibconline.com.sb/elections/results_party.asp?partyID%3D01">Informations sur les élections de 2010</a>, <i><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Solomon_Islands_Broadcasting_Corporation?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Solomon Islands Broadcasting Corporation">Solomon Islands Broadcasting Corporation</a></i></span></li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-16">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.siec.gov.sb/index.php/journalist/127-2014-national-general-election-results">Résultats officiels des élections de 2014</a>, Commission électorale des îles Salomon</span></li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-17">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <span class="ouvrage"><span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.matangitonga.to/download/results_Tongatapu.xls"><cite style="font-style:normal; color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Résultats officiels à Tongatapu</cite></a> »<sup class="plainlinks">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.matangitonga.to/download/results_Tongatapu.xls">Archive.org</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url%3Dhttp://www.matangitonga.to/download/results_Tongatapu.xls">Wikiwix</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.is/http://www.matangitonga.to/download/results_Tongatapu.xls">Archive.is</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?hl%3Dfr%26q%3Dcache:http://www.matangitonga.to/download/results_Tongatapu.xls">Google</a> • <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Projet:Correction_des_liens_externes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#J'ai_trouv%C3%A9_un_lien_mort,_que_faire_?" title="Projet:Correction des liens externes">Que faire ?</a>)</sup></span></span>, Matangi Tonga</span></li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sans_%C3%A9tiquette?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-18">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <span class="ouvrage"><span class="noarchive">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.matangitonga.to/download/results_outer_islands.xls"><cite style="font-style:normal; color:var(--color-link-red, #d73333);">Résultats officiels dans le reste du pays</cite></a> »<sup class="plainlinks">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.matangitonga.to/download/results_outer_islands.xls">Archive.org</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/?url%3Dhttp://www.matangitonga.to/download/results_outer_islands.xls">Wikiwix</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://archive.is/http://www.matangitonga.to/download/results_outer_islands.xls">Archive.is</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?hl%3Dfr%26q%3Dcache:http://www.matangitonga.to/download/results_outer_islands.xls">Google</a> • <a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Projet:Correction_des_liens_externes?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#J'ai_trouv%C3%A9_un_lien_mort,_que_faire_?" title="Projet:Correction des liens externes">Que faire ?</a>)</sup></span></span>, Matangi Tonga</span></li> </ol> </div> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=27&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=28&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C3%89chiquier_politique?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Échiquier politique">Échiquier politique</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Non-inscrit?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Non-inscrit">Non-inscrit</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Divers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Divers">Divers</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Divers_gauche?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Divers gauche">Divers gauche</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Divers_droite?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Divers droite">Divers droite</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=edit&section=29&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>modifier</span> </a> </span> </div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <ul> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative à la vie publique<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327591?uselang%3Dfr%23identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"> <noscript> <img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" 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href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DInd%C3%A9pendant_(politique)%26oldid%3D222269444">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indépendant_(politique)&oldid=222269444</a> ». </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://fr-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ind%C3%A9pendant_(politique)&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="SenseiAC" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1737417388"> <span>Dernière modification le 21 janvier 2025, à 00:56</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Langues</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2585%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D9%2582%25D9%2584_(%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D8%25A9)" title="مستقل (سياسة) – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مستقل (سياسة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A_%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D9%2586%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D9%258A" title="سياسي لامنتامي – arabe marocain" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سياسي لامنتامي" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabe marocain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%2589_%25D9%2585%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D9%2582%25D9%2584" title="سياسى مستقل – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سياسى مستقل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bit%25C9%2599r%25C9%2599f_siyas%25C9%2599t%25C3%25A7i" title="Bitərəf siyasətçi – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bitərəf siyasətçi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B7%25D8%25B1%25D9%2581%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D8%25B2_%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25DA%2586%25DB%258C" title="طرفسیز سیاستچی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="طرفسیز سیاستچی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D0%25BF%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D1%2582%25D1%258B%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B" title="Беспартыйны – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Беспартыйны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC_%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="Независим политик – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Независим политик" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25B8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0_%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25A8%25E0%25A7%2580%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25AC%25E0%25A6%25BF%25E0%25A6%25A6" title="স্বতন্ত্র রাজনীতিবিদ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্বতন্ত্র রাজনীতিবিদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nezavisni_kandidat" title="Nezavisni kandidat – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nezavisni kandidat" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candidat_independent" title="Candidat independent – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Candidat independent" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25DB%2595%25D8%25AA%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DB%258C_%25D8%25B3%25DB%2595%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A8%25DB%2595%25D8%25AE%25DB%2586" title="سیاسەتوانی سەربەخۆ – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیاسەتوانی سەربەخۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nez%25C3%25A1visl%25C3%25BD_politik" title="Nezávislý politik – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nezávislý politik" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annibynnwr_(gwleidydd)" title="Annibynnwr (gwleidydd) – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Annibynnwr (gwleidydd)" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%25C3%25B8sg%25C3%25A6nger" title="Løsgænger – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Løsgænger" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parteiloser" title="Parteiloser – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Parteiloser" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%2591%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B5%25CE%25BE%25CE%25AC%25CF%2581%25CF%2584%25CE%25B7%25CF%2584%25CE%25BF%25CF%2582_(%25CF%2580%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BB%25CE%25B9%25CF%2584%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AE)" title="Ανεξάρτητος (πολιτική) – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανεξάρτητος (πολιτική)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Independent politician" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sendependa_(politiko)" title="Sendependa (politiko) – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sendependa (politiko)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candidato_independiente" title="Candidato independiente – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Candidato independiente" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hautagai_independente" title="Hautagai independente – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hautagai independente" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D9%2585%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1_%25D9%2585%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D9%2582%25D9%2584" title="سیاستمدار مستقل – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیاستمدار مستقل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitoutumaton" title="Sitoutumaton – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sitoutumaton" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neamhsple%25C3%25A1chas_(polait%25C3%25ADocht)" title="Neamhspleáchas (polaitíocht) – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Neamhspleáchas (polaitíocht)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%25C3%25ADtico_independente" title="Político independente – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Político independente" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%25C3%25B2-t%25C3%25B3ng-sit" title="Mò-tóng-sit – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mò-tóng-sit" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A4%25D7%2595%25D7%259C%25D7%2599%25D7%2598%25D7%2599%25D7%25A7%25D7%2590%25D7%2599_%25D7%25A2%25D7%25A6%25D7%259E%25D7%2590%25D7%2599" title="פוליטיקאי עצמאי – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פוליטיקאי עצמאי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A6%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%2580%25E0%25A4%25AF_%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2587%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25BE" title="निर्दलीय राजनेता – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निर्दलीय राजनेता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nezavisni_(politika)" title="Nezavisni (politika) – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nezavisni (politika)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%25C3%25BCggetlen_politikus" title="Független politikus – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Független politikus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D4%25B1%25D5%25B6%25D5%25AF%25D5%25B8%25D6%2582%25D5%25BD%25D5%25A1%25D5%25AF%25D6%2581%25D5%25A1%25D5%25AF%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6" title="Անկուսակցական – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անկուսակցական" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politikus_independen" title="Politikus independen – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Politikus independen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indipendente_(politica)" title="Indipendente (politica) – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Indipendente (politica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2584%25A1%25E6%2589%2580%25E5%25B1%259E" title="無所属 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="無所属" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politisi_indep%25C3%25A8nden" title="Politisi indepènden – javanais" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Politisi indepènden" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A2%25D3%2599%25D1%2583%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BB%25D1%2581%25D1%2596%25D0%25B7_%25D2%25AF%25D0%25BC%25D1%2596%25D1%2582%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580" title="Тәуелсіз үміткер – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тәуелсіз үміткер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25EB%25AC%25B4%25EC%2586%258C%25EC%2586%258D" title="무소속 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="무소속" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF_%25D8%25B3%25D9%2590%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D9%258E%25D8%25AA%25DA%25BE_%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="آزاد سِیاسَتھ دان – cachemiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="آزاد سِیاسَتھ دان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="cachemiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kus mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kus.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_candidates" title="Independent candidates – Kusaal" lang="kus" hreflang="kus" data-title="Independent candidates" data-language-autonym="Kʋsaal" data-language-local-name="Kusaal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kʋsaal</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politicus_nullius_factionis" title="Politicus nullius factionis – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Politicus nullius factionis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_(politega)" title="Independent (politega) – lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Independent (politega)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neatkar%25C4%25ABgais_politi%25C4%25B7is" title="Neatkarīgais politiķis – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Neatkarīgais politiķis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Независен политичар – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Независен политичар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B5%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B4%25A8%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B0_%25E0%25B4%25B8%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25A5%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%25A8%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B5%25BC%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25A5%25E0%25B4%25BF" title="സ്വതന്ത്ര സ്ഥാനാർത്ഥി – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സ്വതന്ത്ര സ്ഥാനാർത്ഥി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%2591%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B5_%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B3%25D1%2587" title="Бие даагч – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бие даагч" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%2585%25E0%25A4%25AA%25E0%25A4%2595%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B7" title="अपक्ष – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अपक्ष" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahli_politik_bebas" title="Ahli politik bebas – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ahli politik bebas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2580%2590%25E1%2580%2585%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%25AE%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%2595%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2582%25E1%2580%25B9%25E1%2580%2582%25E1%2580%259C_%25E1%2580%2594%25E1%2580%25AD%25E1%2580%25AF%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25BA%25E1%2580%2584%25E1%2580%25B6%25E1%2580%259B%25E1%2580%25B1%25E1%2580%25B8%25E1%2580%259E%25E1%2580%2599%25E1%2580%25AC%25E1%2580%25B8" title="တစ်သီးပုဂ္ဂလ နိုင်ငံရေးသမား – birman" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တစ်သီးပုဂ္ဂလ နိုင်ငံရေးသမား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25B8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B5%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0_%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A4%25BE%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A4%25A8%25E0%25A5%2580%25E0%25A4%25A4%25E0%25A4%25BF%25E0%25A4%259C%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%259E" title="स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ – népalais" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="स्वतन्त्र राजनीतिज्ञ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="népalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onafhankelijken" title="Onafhankelijken – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Onafhankelijken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partil%25C3%25B8s_politiker" title="Partiløs politiker – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Partiløs politiker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A8%2586%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A8%25BC%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%25A6_%25E0%25A8%25B0%25E0%25A8%25BE%25E0%25A8%259C%25E0%25A8%25A8%25E0%25A9%2587%25E0%25A8%25A4%25E0%25A8%25BE" title="ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਰਾਜਨੇਤਾ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਰਾਜਨੇਤਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polityk_niezrzeszony" title="Polityk niezrzeszony – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Polityk niezrzeszony" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%25C3%25ADtico_sem_partido" title="Político sem partido – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Político sem partido" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politician_independent" title="Politician independent – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Politician independent" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B8%25D1%2581%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D1%258B%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D1%2582" title="Независимый кандидат – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Независимый кандидат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_politeecian" title="Independent politeecian – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Independent politeecian" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF_%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="آزاد سياستدان – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آزاد سياستدان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nezavisni_(politika)" title="Nezavisni (politika) – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nezavisni (politika)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Independent politician" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nez%25C3%25A1visl%25C3%25BD_politik" title="Nezávislý politik – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nezávislý politik" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B5%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%2587%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8_%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B8%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D1%2587%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580" title="Нестраначки политичар – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нестраначки политичар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partil%25C3%25B6s" title="Partilös – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Partilös" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AF%2581%25E0%25AE%25AF%25E0%25AF%2587%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AF%258D%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AF%2588_(%25E0%25AE%2585%25E0%25AE%25B0%25E0%25AE%259A%25E0%25AE%25BF%25E0%25AE%25AF%25E0%25AE%25B2%25E0%25AF%258D)" title="சுயேச்சை (அரசியல்) – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சுயேச்சை (அரசியல்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B0%25B8%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B5%25E0%25B0%25A4%25E0%25B0%2582%25E0%25B0%25A4%25E0%25B1%258D%25E0%25B0%25B0_%25E0%25B0%25B0%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%259C%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B1%2580%25E0%25B0%25AF_%25E0%25B0%25A8%25E0%25B0%25BE%25E0%25B0%25AF%25E0%25B0%2595%25E0%25B1%2581%25E0%25B0%25B2%25E0%25B1%2581" title="స్వతంత్ర రాజకీయ నాయకులు – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="స్వతంత్ర రాజకీయ నాయకులు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B1%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%25B7%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%2587%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25B4%25E0%25B8%25AA%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%25B0" title="นักการเมืองอิสระ – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นักการเมืองอิสระ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%25C4%259F%25C4%25B1ms%25C4%25B1z_siyaset%25C3%25A7i" title="Bağımsız siyasetçi – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bağımsız siyasetçi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%259D%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B6%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25BF%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D1%2596%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BA" title="Незалежний політик – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Незалежний політик" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D8%25A2%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF_%25D8%25B3%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA_%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586" title="آزاد سیاست دان – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آزاد سیاست دان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indipendente_(pu%25C5%2582%25C3%25ACtega)" title="Indipendente (pułìtega) – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Indipendente (pułìtega)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%25C3%25ADnh_kh%25C3%25A1ch_%25C4%2591%25E1%25BB%2599c_l%25E1%25BA%25ADp" title="Chính khách độc lập – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chính khách độc lập" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independente_(politiko)" title="Independente (politiko) – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Independente (politiko)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%2597%25A0%25E5%2585%259A%25E7%25B1%258D" title="无党籍 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="无党籍" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%2584%25A1%25E9%25BB%25A8%25E7%25B1%258D" title="無黨籍 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="無黨籍" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%25C3%25BB-t%25C3%25B3ng-che%25CC%258Dk" title="Bû-tóng-che̍k – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bû-tóng-che̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E7%258D%25A8%25E7%25AB%258B%25E4%25BA%25BA%25E5%25A3%25AB" title="獨立人士 – cantonais" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="獨立人士" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" alt="Wikipédia" width="119" height="18" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 21 janvier 2025 à 00:56.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Le contenu est disponible sous licence <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> sauf mention contraire.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/fr">Politique de 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