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Please research the article's assertions. Whatever is credible should be sourced, and what is not should be removed. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="float: right; margin: 0 0 0.5em 0.5em; text-align:left; border: 1px solid #009761; width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center; color:White; background-color:#009761"><b>Cogito ergo sum</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Logic" title="Logic"><font size="4" color="White"><b>Logic and rhetoric</b></font></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#FFFFFF;" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Category:Logic" title="Category:Logic"><img alt="Icon logic.svg" src="/w/images/thumb/9/99/Icon_logic.svg/100px-Icon_logic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/w/images/thumb/9/99/Icon_logic.svg/150px-Icon_logic.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/9/99/Icon_logic.svg/200px-Icon_logic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#009761; text-align:center;"><b>Key articles</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#FFFFFF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Logical_fallacy" title="Logical fallacy">Logical fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syllogism" title="Syllogism">Syllogism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument" title="Argument">Argument</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#009761; text-align:center;"><b>General logic</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#FFFFFF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solipsism" title="Solipsism">Solipsism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confusion_of_the_inverse" title="Confusion of the inverse">Confusion of the inverse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argumentum_ad_baculum" title="Argumentum ad baculum">Argumentum ad baculum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denying_the_antecedent" title="Denying the antecedent">Denying the antecedent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ret%C3%B3rica" title="Retórica">Retórica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apelaci%C3%B3n_a_la_fe" title="Apelación a la fe">Apelación a la fe</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#009761; text-align:center;"><b>Bad logic</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#FFFFFF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Straw_man" title="Straw man">Straw man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunk_cost" title="Sunk cost">Sunk cost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotlight_fallacy" title="Spotlight fallacy">Spotlight fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illicit_process" title="Illicit process">Illicit process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imprecision_fallacy" title="Imprecision fallacy">Imprecision fallacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argument_from_ignorance" title="Argument from ignorance">Argument from ignorance</a></li></ul> <div class="vte plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Logicnav" title="Template:Logicnav">v</a> - <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Logicnav" title="Template talk:Logicnav">t</a> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Logicnav&action=edit">e</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="margin: auto; border-collapse:collapse; border-style:none; background-color:transparent;" class="cquote"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="padding:4px 50px;position:relative;"><span style="position:absolute;left:10px;top:-6px;z-index:1;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">“</span><span style="position:absolute;right:10px;bottom:-20px;z-index:1;font-family:'Times New Roman',serif;font-weight:bold;color:#B2B7F2;font-size:36px">”</span>No uncorrupted man may fear this court, Mr. Hale! None!</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:4px 10px 8px;font-size:smaller;line-height:1.6em;text-align:right;"><cite style="font-style:normal;position:relative;z-index:2">—Danforth, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Crucible" class="extiw" title="wp:The Crucible" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: The Crucible"><i>The Crucible</i></span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> demonstrating the nothing to hide argument.</cite> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>nothing to hide</b> argument is an argument often made by people who support government surveillance, especially when the loss of <a href="/wiki/Privacy" title="Privacy">privacy</a> involved is someone else's and not their own. </p><p>"Nothing to hide" is arguably the identical twin of the equally fallacious <a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_motive" class="mw-redirect" title="Appeal to motive">appeal to motive</a>, both of which are further related to the <i><a href="/wiki/Argumentum_ad_hominem" title="Argumentum ad hominem">argumentum ad hominem</a></i>. </p><p>While the argument itself remains logically incoherent, attempts may still be made to render it practically or <a href="/wiki/Moral" class="mw-redirect" title="Moral">morally</a> irrelevant — <i>assuming</i> your literal <a href="/wiki/Worldview" title="Worldview">worldview</a> is that <a href="/wiki/Totalitarianism" title="Totalitarianism">people possess no inherent rights to privacy</a>. The persistence and utilization of this flawed argument stems from <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">many</a> <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">different</a> <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">variants</a> on that political conviction, not from any basis in logic. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Form"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Form</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Why_the_argument_is_ridiculous"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Why the argument is ridiculous</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Form">Form</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nothing_to_hide&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Form">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <dl><dd><b>P1:</b> People with nothing to hide should have no objection to surveillance.<br /></dd> <dd><b>P2:</b> Some people do, in fact, object to surveillance.<br /></dd> <dd><b>C:</b> Those people must be hiding something! Chances are it is something dark, deplorable, and illegal.<br /></dd></dl> <p>It usually <i>is</i> this unsubtle. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Why_the_argument_is_ridiculous">Why the argument is ridiculous</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nothing_to_hide&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Why the argument is ridiculous">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Having something to hide, as it turns out, is <i>not</i> the only possible reason to object to mass surveillance, though it seems that proponents of this argument simply aren't aware of any moral/<a href="/wiki/Political" class="mw-redirect" title="Political">political</a>/social principles that clash with mass surveillance. For one, the view of <a href="/wiki/Minarchism" title="Minarchism">minarchism</a> condemns "excessive" government (of which mass surveillance would be a flagrant example) as inherently bad. </p><p>Additionally, supporters of a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/right_to_privacy" class="extiw" title="wp:right to privacy" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: right to privacy">right to privacy</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> assert that any invasion that isn't necessary for public safety, health, etc. is a violation of principle. According to them, privacy is useful and valuable and thus worth defending, which the "nothing to hide" argument completely ignores. </p><p>Further, the argument implies that withholding something indicates sinister intent. This is blatantly false. Why do people hide their genitals? Why do people hide stuff in safes? Why don't people disclose the contents of their diaries? Why do some people want to keep their phone numbers or the location of their residence a secret? <i>Are they planning to commit <a href="/wiki/Terrorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrorist">terrorist</a> acts with these things?</i> This is called the "closing the bathroom door" argument. </p><p>The argument further presupposes that the surveillance agency would act in good faith, which is far from a certainty. In a similar vein, it assumes that the law is always completely moral; <a href="/wiki/Reductio_ad_absurdum" title="Reductio ad absurdum">as an</a> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">extreme example</a>, if a law was passed demanding that all <a href="/wiki/Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish">Jewish</a> people were to be rounded up in camps, then hiding Jewish people from the government would be the moral thing to do. </p><p>And in the case of <a href="/wiki/NSA" title="NSA">NSA</a> surveillance, which keeps tabs on citizens' <a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">internet</a> usage and phone calls with programs such as PRISM, innocuous activity is easily misconstrued to be of malevolent intent. Take your average <a href="/wiki/RationalWiki" title="RationalWiki">RationalWiki</a> user, a charming fellow doing research on <a href="/wiki/9/11" title="9/11">9/11</a> to counter claims of <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theory" title="Conspiracy theory">conspiracists</a>. They Google "9/11 bombs" or something similar. The NSA takes notice and concludes "this is a textbook case of suspicious activity." And before long, our editor is on a no-fly list or the modern-day equivalent of <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Nixon</a>'s "enemies list." </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nothing_to_hide&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_motive" class="mw-redirect" title="Appeal to motive">Appeal to motive</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Argumentum_ad_hominem" title="Argumentum ad hominem">Argumentum ad hominem</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Government_surveillance" title="Category:Government surveillance">Government surveillance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privacy" title="Privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totalitarianism" title="Totalitarianism">Totalitarianism</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nothing_to_hide&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aclu.org/blog/you-may-have-nothing-hide-you-still-have-something-fear">You May Have 'Nothing to Hide' But You Still Have Something to Fear</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union" title="American Civil Liberties Union">American Civil Liberties Union</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2013/11/busting-eight-common-excuses-nsa-surveillance">There are a few ways to respond to this,</a> says the <a href="/wiki/Electronic_Frontier_Foundation" title="Electronic Frontier Foundation">Electronic Frontier Foundation</a>.</li></ul>    </div></div><div 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