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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title> Glottolog 5.1 - Pholo </title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta name="description" content=""> <meta name="author" content=""> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://glottolog.org/static/favicon.ico?v=9f3f8cd893876bfacc0f4dc9f16a9c19" type="image/x-icon" /> <link href="https://glottolog.org/clld-static/css/packed.2bdb87f7.css" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="https://glottolog.org/clld-static/js/packed.f4a4f5f6.js"></script> <link rel="unapi-server" type="application/xml" title="unAPI" href="https://glottolog.org/unapi"> <script src="https://glottolog.org/_js"></script> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rdf+xml" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/phol1235.rdf" title="Structured Descriptor Document (RDF/XML format)"/> <link rel="alternate" type="text/n3" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/phol1235.n3" title="Structured Descriptor Document (n3 format)"/> </head> <body id="r-language"> <div id="top" class="navbar navbar-static-top navbar-inverse"> <div class="navbar-inner"> <div class="container-fluid"> <a class="btn btn-navbar" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".nav-collapse"> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </a> <a class="brand" href="https://glottolog.org/" title="Glottolog 5.1"> <img src="https://glottolog.org/static/glottolog_logo.png" width="28"/> Glottolog </a> <div class="nav-collapse collapse"> <ul class="nav"> <li id="menuitem_languages" class=""> <a href="https://glottolog.org/glottolog/language" title="Languages">Languages</a> </li> <li id="menuitem_families" class=""> <a href="https://glottolog.org/glottolog/family" title="Families">Families</a> </li> <li id="menuitem_search" class=""> <a href="https://glottolog.org/glottolog" title="Language Search">Language Search</a> </li> <li id="menuitem_sources" class=""> <a href="https://glottolog.org/langdoc" title="References">References</a> </li> <li id="menuitem_query" class=""> <a href="https://glottolog.org/langdoc/complexquery" title="Reference Search">Reference Search</a> </li> <li id="menuitem_glottoscope" class=""> <a href="https://glottolog.org/langdoc/status" title="GlottoScope">GlottoScope</a> </li> <li id="menuitem_about" class=""> <a href="https://glottolog.org/about" title="About">About</a> </li> </ul> <div class="pull-right"> <form class="navbar-form form-search" role="search" action="https://glottolog.org/glottolog"> <div class="input-append"> <input tabindex="1" type="text" class="search-query input-medium" placeholder="pr. Name / glcode / iso" name="search" id="site-search-input"> <button tabindex="2" id="site-search-button" class="btn" type="submit"><i class="icon-search"></i></button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container-fluid"> <abbr class="unapi-id" title="https%3A%2F%2Fglottolog.org%2Fresource%2Flanguoid%2Fid%2Fphol1235"></abbr> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span8"> <div style="float: right; margin-top: 20px;"><div><div class="btn-group right"><button class="btn btn-info dl-widget-IRepresentation" data-content="<div><p>You may download alternative representations of the data on &#34;Pholo&#34; by clicking the button <i class="icon-download-alt"></i></p><dl><dt>Newick format</dt><dd>Classification tree represented in Newick format. </dd><dt>PhyloXML</dt><dd>Classification tree rooted at the current languoid represented in PhyloXML. </dd><dt>SVG Classification Tree</dt><dd>Classification tree rooted at the current languoid rendered as svg graphic in an HTML page. </dd></dl></div>" type="button"><i class="icon-info-sign icon-white"></i></button><a class="btn dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" href="#" id="rsc-dl-opener"><i class="icon-download-alt"></i><span class="caret"></span></a><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li><a href="#" id="rsc-dl-html" onclick="document.location.href = CLLD.route_url("language_alt", {"ext": "html", "id": "phol1235"}); return false;">html</a></li><li><a href="#" id="rsc-dl-json" onclick="document.location.href = CLLD.route_url("language_alt", {"ext": "json", "id": "phol1235"}); return false;">JSON</a></li><li><a href="#" id="rsc-dl-n3" onclick="document.location.href = CLLD.route_url("language_alt", {"ext": "n3", "id": "phol1235"}); return false;">RDF serialized as n3</a></li><li><a href="#" id="rsc-dl-newick.txt" onclick="document.location.href = CLLD.route_url("language_alt", {"ext": "newick.txt", "id": "phol1235"}); return false;">Newick format</a></li><li><a href="#" id="rsc-dl-nt" onclick="document.location.href = CLLD.route_url("language_alt", {"ext": "nt", "id": "phol1235"}); return false;">RDF serialized as nt</a></li><li><a href="#" id="rsc-dl-phylo.xml" onclick="document.location.href = CLLD.route_url("language_alt", {"ext": "phylo.xml", "id": "phol1235"}); return false;">PhyloXML</a></li><li><a href="#" id="rsc-dl-rdf" onclick="document.location.href = CLLD.route_url("language_alt", {"ext": "rdf", "id": "phol1235"}); return false;">RDF serialized as xml</a></li><li><a href="#" id="rsc-dl-treeview.html" onclick="document.location.href = CLLD.route_url("language_alt", {"ext": "treeview.html", "id": "phol1235"}); return false;">SVG Classification Tree</a></li><li><a href="#" id="rsc-dl-ttl" onclick="document.location.href = CLLD.route_url("language_alt", {"ext": "ttl", "id": "phol1235"}); return false;">RDF serialized as turtle</a></li></ul></div><script> $(document).ready(function() { $('.dl-widget-IRepresentation').clickover({ html: true, title: 'Download information', placement: 'left', trigger: 'click' }); });</script></div></div> <h3> Spoken L1 Language: <span class="level-language">Pholo</span> <a class="btn-warning btn-mini btn" href="mailto:glottolog@eva.mpg.de?subject=Error%20in%20Glottolog%20languoid%20phol1235&body=Dear%20Glottolog%20maintainers%2C%0A%0AI%20found%20an%20error%20in%20languoid%20phol1235%3A%20Pholo." title="report a problem" type="button"><i class="icon-bell"></i></a> <a class="btn-mini btn" href="https://github.com/glottolog/glottolog/blob/master/languoids/tree/sino1245/burm1265/lolo1265/lolo1267/phol1235/md.ini" title="see on GitHub" type="button"><i class="icon-pencil"></i></a> <a class="btn-mini btn" href="#refs" title="go to references" type="button"><i class="icon-book"></i></a> </h3> <div class="accordion" id="Classification-accordion" style="margin-top: 1em; clear: right;"> <div class="accordion-group"> <div class="accordion-heading"> <a class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#Classification-accordion" href="#acc-Classification" title="click to hide or show Classification"> Classification </a> </div> <div id="acc-Classification" class="accordion-body collapse in"> <div class="accordion-inner"> <div style="overflow: visible;"> <ul class="inline pull-left"> <li> <a href="https://glottolog.org/glottolog/glottologinformation#classification"><i class="icon-question-sign"></i></a> </li> </ul> <ul class="inline pull-right"> <li><button class="btn-info btn-mini btn" onclick="GLOTTOLOG3.Tree.open('tree', 'phol1235', true)" title="open current node" type="button"><i class="icon-screenshot icon-white"></i>open Pholo</button></li> <li><button class="btn-info btn-mini btn" onclick="GLOTTOLOG3.Tree.open('tree')" title="expand all nodes (up to language level)" type="button"><i class="icon-resize-full icon-white"></i>expand all</button></li> <li><button class="btn-info btn-mini btn" onclick="GLOTTOLOG3.Tree.close('tree')" title="collapse all nodes" type="button"><i class="icon-resize-small icon-white"></i>collapse all</button></li> </ul> <div id="tree"> </div> <h5>Comments on subclassification</h5> <p><p><a class="Source" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/reference/id/66356" title="Jamin R. Pelkey 2011">Jamin R. Pelkey 2011</a> </p></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script> $(document).ready(function () { GLOTTOLOG3.Tree.init('tree', [{"id": "sino1245", "pk": 87, "iso": null, "level": "family", "label": "Sino-Tibetan (514)", "children": [{"id": "bodi1256", "pk": 643, "iso": null, "level": "family", "label": "Bodic (84)", "children": [{"id": "bodi1257", "pk": 2220, "iso": null, "level": "family", "label": "Bodish (54)", "children": [{"id": "dakp1241", "pk": 3842, "iso": null, "level": "family", "label": "Dakpa-Dzala (2)", "children": [{"id": "dakp1242", "pk": 5778, "iso": "dka", "level": "language", "label": "Dakpakha", "children": []}, {"id": "dzal1238", "pk": 5777, "iso": "dzl", "level": "language", "label": "Dzalakha", "children": [{"id": "khom1239", "pk": 8273, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Khomakha", "children": []}]}]}, {"id": "oldm1245", "pk": 3843, "iso": null, "level": "family", "label": "Early Old Tibetan (45)", "children": [{"id": "clas1254", "pk": 5781, "iso": 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"dialect", "label": "Guangzhou", "children": []}, {"id": "xian1255", "pk": 16620, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Hong Kong", "children": []}, {"id": "tank1239", "pk": 16622, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Tanka Cantonese", "children": []}, {"id": "wuzh1239", "pk": 16621, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Wuzhou Yue", "children": []}, {"id": "xigu1234", "pk": 16623, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Xiguan", "children": []}]}, {"id": "guan1280", "pk": 13904, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Guan-Bao", "children": []}, {"id": "samy1234", "pk": 13903, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Samyap", "children": []}, {"id": "zhon1239", "pk": 13901, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Zhongshan", "children": []}]}]}]}]}]}, {"id": "minn1248", "pk": 2192, "iso": null, "level": "family", "label": "Min (5)", "children": [{"id": "coas1318", "pk": 3770, "iso": null, "level": "family", "label": "Coastal Min (3)", "children": [{"id": "mind1253", "pk": 5651, "iso": "cdo", "level": "language", "label": "Min Dong Chinese", "children": [{"id": "funi1234", "pk": 8080, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Funing", "children": []}, {"id": "fuzh1239", "pk": 8079, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Houguan", "children": []}]}, {"id": "minn1241", "pk": 5650, "iso": "nan", "level": "language", "label": "Min Nan Chinese", "children": [{"id": "chao1239", "pk": 8076, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Chaoshan", "children": [{"id": "chao1238", "pk": 10865, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Chaozhou", "children": []}, {"id": "shan1244", "pk": 10864, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Shantou", "children": []}]}, {"id": "dati1239", "pk": 8074, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Datian", "children": []}, {"id": "qion1239", "pk": 8078, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Qiong-Lei", "children": [{"id": "hain1238", "pk": 10869, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Hainan", "children": [{"id": "chan1329", "pk": 13885, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Changgan", "children": []}, {"id": "hain1237", "pk": 13888, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Fucheng", "children": []}, {"id": "wann1243", "pk": 13887, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Wanning", "children": []}, {"id": "wenc1234", "pk": 13886, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Wenchang", "children": []}, {"id": "yaxi1234", "pk": 13889, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Yaxian", "children": []}]}, {"id": "leiz1236", "pk": 10870, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Leizhou", "children": []}]}, {"id": "hokk1242", "pk": 8073, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Quanzhang", "children": [{"id": "chae1235", "pk": 10859, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Quanzhou", "children": []}, {"id": "taib1242", "pk": 10860, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Taibei Hokkien", "children": []}, {"id": "xiam1236", "pk": 10862, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Xiamen", "children": []}, {"id": "zhan1240", "pk": 10861, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Zhangping-Longyan", "children": []}, {"id": "fuji1236", "pk": 10863, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Zhangzhou", "children": []}]}, {"id": "zhen1239", "pk": 8075, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Zhenan Min", "children": []}, {"id": "zhon1238", "pk": 8077, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Zhongshan Min", "children": [{"id": "long1252", "pk": 10868, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Longdu", "children": []}, {"id": "nanl1234", "pk": 10867, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Nanlang", "children": []}, {"id": "sanx1234", "pk": 10866, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Sanxiang", "children": []}]}]}, {"id": "puxi1243", "pk": 5652, "iso": "cpx", "level": "language", "label": "Pu-Xian Chinese", "children": [{"id": "puti1238", "pk": 8081, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Putian", "children": []}, {"id": 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"label": "Shaojiang", "children": [{"id": "jian1242", "pk": 10873, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Jiangle", "children": []}, {"id": "shao1235", "pk": 10871, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Shaowu", "children": []}, {"id": "shun1239", "pk": 10872, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Shunchang", "children": []}]}]}, {"id": "minz1235", "pk": 5654, "iso": "czo", "level": "language", "label": "Min Zhong Chinese", "children": []}]}]}, {"id": "oldc1244", "pk": 2194, "iso": "och", "level": "language", "label": "Old Chinese", "children": [{"id": "late1251", "pk": 3772, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Late Han Chinese", "children": []}, {"id": "shan1294", "pk": 3773, "iso": null, "level": "dialect", "label": "Shanggu Hanyu", "children": []}]}, {"id": "waxi1236", "pk": 2193, "iso": "wxa", "level": "language", "label": "Waxianghua", "children": []}]}, {"id": "unun9951", "pk": 635, "iso": null, "level": "family", "label": "Unclassified Sino-Tibetan (1)", "children": [{"id": "namm1235", "pk": 2196, "iso": null, "level": "language", "label": "Nam", "children": []}]}]}], 'phol1235'); }); </script> <div class="accordion" id="Endangerment-accordion" style="margin-top: 1em; clear: right;"> <div class="accordion-group"> <div class="accordion-heading"> <a class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#Endangerment-accordion" href="#acc-Endangerment" title="click to hide or show Endangerment"> Endangerment </a> </div> <div id="acc-Endangerment" class="accordion-body collapse in"> <div class="accordion-inner"> <dl class="dl-horizontal"> <dt>AES status:</dt> <dd>threatened</dd> <dt>Source:</dt> <dd> <span><span class="citation"><a class="Source" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/reference/id/550905" title="Moseley, Christopher 2010">Moseley, Christopher 2010</a><span class="pages"></span></span></span> </dd> <dt>Comment:</dt> <dd>Phula (China) (2245-ypa, ypg, ypo, yip, ypn, yhl, ypb, phh, ypm, ypp, yph, ypz) = Vulnerable; Phula (Viet Nam) (2244-ypa, ypg, ypo, yip, ypn, yhl, ypb, phh, ypm, ypp, yph, ypz) = Definitely endangered</dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="span4"> <div class="codes pull-right"> <ul class="inline codes pull-right"> <li> <span class="large label label-info"> Glottocode: <span class="language_identifier glottolog"><a href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/phol1235" style="color: white;" title="phol1235"><i class="icon-share icon-white"></i> phol1235</a></span> </span> </li> <li> <span class="large label label-info"> ISO 639-3: <span class="language_identifier iso639-3"><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/yip" style="color: white;" title="yip"><i class="icon-share icon-white"></i> yip</a></span> </span> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="well well-small"> <div id="map-container"> <div id="map" style="position: relative; width: 100%; height: 200px;"> </div> <script>$(window).load(function() {CLLD.map("map", {"phol1235": {"type": "FeatureCollection", "properties": {"layer": "phol1235"}, "features": [{"type": "Feature", "properties": {"icon": "data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyAgeG1sbnM9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIgogICAgICB4bWxuczp4bGluaz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMTk5OS94bGluayIgaGVpZ2h0PSI0MCIgd2lkdGg9IjQwIj4KICA8Y2lyY2xlIGN4PSIyMCIgY3k9IjIwIiByPSIxNCIgc3R5bGU9ImZpbGw6IzAwRkYwMDtzdHJva2U6YmxhY2s7c3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoOjFweDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWNhcDpyb3VuZDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWpvaW46cm91bmQ7Ii8+Cjwvc3ZnPg==", "branch": 5744, "language": {"pk": 5744, "name": "Pholo", "longitude": 104.238, "latitude": 23.667, "id": "phol1235"}, "name": "Pholo"}, "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [104.238, 23.667]}, "id": "phol1235"}]}}, {"resize_direction": "s", "max_zoom": 12, "sidebar": true, "zoom": 4});});</script> </div> <a class="btn" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/phol1235.bigmap.html" type="button">show big map</a> </div> <div class="accordion" id="sidebar-accordion" style="margin-top: 1em; clear: right;"> <div class="accordion-group"> <div class="accordion-heading"> <a class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar-accordion" href="#acc-partner" title="click to hide or show Links"> Links </a> </div> <div id="acc-partner" class="accordion-body collapse in"> <div class="accordion-inner"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs nav-stacked"><li><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/yip" target="_blank" title="[yip] at ISO 639-3"><img alt="ISO 639-3" height="20" src="https://glottolog.org/static/sil.gif" width="20" /> [yip] at ISO 639-3</a></li><li><a href="http://www.language-archives.org/language/yip" target="_blank" title="[yip] at OLAC"><img alt="OLAC" height="20" src="https://glottolog.org/static/olac.png" width="20" /> [yip] at OLAC</a></li><li><a href="https://imtvault.org/?languageiso6393%5B0%5D=yip" target="_blank" title="[yip] at IMTVault"><img alt="IMTVault" height="20" src="https://glottolog.org/static/imtvault.png" width="20" /> [yip] at IMTVault</a></li><li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7187103" target="_blank" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wikidata" height="20" src="https://glottolog.org/static/wikidata.png" width="20" /> Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pholo_language" target="_blank" title="Wikipedia"><img alt="Wikipedia" height="20" src="https://glottolog.org/static/wikipedia.png" width="20" /> Wikipedia</a></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-group"> <div class="accordion-heading"> <a class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar-accordion" href="#acc-names" title="click to hide or show Alternative names"> Alternative names </a> </div> <div id="acc-names" class="accordion-body collapse"> <div class="accordion-inner"> <dl> <dt>lexvo:</dt> <dd> Pholo [en] </dd> <dt>multitree:</dt> <dd> Pholo </dd> <dd> Pola </dd> <dd> Yi, Poluo </dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> <div class="accordion-group"> <div class="accordion-heading"> <a class="accordion-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-parent="#sidebar-accordion" href="#acc-countries" title="click to hide or show Countries"> Countries </a> </div> <div id="acc-countries" class="accordion-body collapse"> <div class="accordion-inner"> <ul class="nav nav-tabs nav-stacked"> <li> <a href="https://glottolog.org/glottolog?country=CN"> China [CN] </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row-fluid"> <div class="span12" id="refs"> <h4> References <a href="#top" title="go to top of the page" style="vertical-align: bottom">⇫</a> </h4> <table id="Refs" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" class="table table-bordered order-column compact stripe"> <thead> <tr> <th>Details</th> <th>Name</th> <th>Title</th> <th>Any field</th> <th>ca</th> <th>Year</th> <th>Pages</th> <th>Doctype</th> <th>ca</th> <th>Provider</th> <th>da</th> </tr> </thead> <thead> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;"> <input type="text" name="d" id="dt-filter-d" value="" class="search_init control" 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class="select control input-small" name="doctype" id="dt-filter-doctype"> <option value="">--any--</option> <option value="unknown">unknown</option> <option value="bibliographical">bibliographical</option> <option value="ethnographic">ethnographic</option> <option value="overview">overview</option> <option value="dialectology">dialectology</option> <option value="socling">socling</option> <option value="minimal">minimal</option> <option value="comparative">comparative</option> <option value="wordlist">wordlist</option> <option value="new_testament">new_testament</option> <option value="text">text</option> <option value="phonology">phonology</option> <option value="specific_feature">specific_feature</option> <option value="dictionary">dictionary</option> <option value="grammar_sketch">grammar_sketch</option> <option value="grammar">grammar</option> </select> </th> <th style="text-align: left;"> <input type="text" name="ca_doctype" id="dt-filter-ca_doctype" value="" class="search_init control" style="display: none;"/> </th> <th style="text-align: left;"> <select class="select control input-small" name="provider" id="dt-filter-provider"> <option value="">--any--</option> <option value="anla">anla</option> <option value="asjp2010">asjp2010</option> <option value="bahasa">bahasa</option> <option value="benjamins">benjamins</option> <option value="bibliolux">bibliolux</option> <option value="bowern">bowern</option> <option value="cldf">cldf</option> <option value="degruyter">degruyter</option> <option value="eballiso2009">eballiso2009</option> <option value="elpub">elpub</option> <option value="evobib">evobib</option> <option value="fabreall2009ann">fabreall2009ann</option> <option value="gilbertese">gilbertese</option> <option value="gj">gj</option> <option value="glossa">glossa</option> <option value="goba">goba</option> <option value="guldemann">guldemann</option> <option value="haspelmath">haspelmath</option> <option value="hedvig-tirailleur">hedvig-tirailleur</option> <option value="hh">hh</option> <option value="iso6393">iso6393</option> <option value="jocp">jocp</option> <option value="langsci">langsci</option> <option value="lapolla-tibeto-burman">lapolla-tibeto-burman</option> <option value="ldh">ldh</option> <option value="lewinmanx">lewinmanx</option> <option value="ludger-paschen-germanic">ludger-paschen-germanic</option> <option value="marctang">marctang</option> <option value="mpieva">mpieva</option> <option value="ofdn">ofdn</option> <option value="otomanguean">otomanguean</option> <option value="ozbib">ozbib</option> <option value="phoible">phoible</option> <option value="sala">sala</option> <option value="schikowski_chintang">schikowski_chintang</option> <option value="seifart">seifart</option> <option value="sil16">sil16</option> <option value="silpng">silpng</option> <option value="sn">sn</option> <option value="stampe">stampe</option> <option value="weball">weball</option> <option 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