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class="image" style="float: right; width: 230px;"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"> <span class="content"> <div align="center"><a class="highslide" onclick="return hs.expand(this, {captionId:'img_caption_69114_81'})" href="/data/584/636/1234/3i400.gif" ><img src="/data/584/636/1234/3i200.gif" itemprop="photo" width="200" height="131" alt="袗斜褍-袚芯褕. 小械胁. 薪械褎懈泻褉懈锌褌邪褑. 褋胁. 袠芯邪薪薪邪. 袩褉芯写芯谢褜薪褘泄褉邪蟹褉械蟹. 袗泻胁邪褉械谢褜袩褜械谢谢邪. 1901 谐." title="袣谢懈泻薪懈褌械写谢褟褍胁械谢懈褔械薪懈褟泻邪褉褌懈薪泻懈" align="center" hspace="2" vspace="2"/></a><div class="highslide-caption" id="img_caption_69114_81">袗斜褍-袚芯褕. 小械胁. 薪械褎懈泻褉懈锌褌邪褑. 褋胁. 袠芯邪薪薪邪. 袩褉芯写芯谢褜薪褘泄褉邪蟹褉械蟹. 袗泻胁邪褉械谢褜袩褜械谢谢邪. 1901 谐.</div></div><br><small>袗斜褍-袚芯褕. 小械胁. 薪械褎懈泻褉懈锌褌邪褑. 褋胁. 袠芯邪薪薪邪. 袩褉芯写芯谢褜薪褘泄褉邪蟹褉械蟹. 袗泻胁邪褉械谢褜袩褜械谢谢邪. 1901 谐.</small></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><p> (袣邪褉褜械褌-褝谢褜-协薪邪斜), 锌褉懈写芯褉芯卸薪芯械褋械谢械薪懈械胁袠褍写械械 (12 泻屑薪邪褋械胁械褉芯-蟹邪锌邪写芯褌袠械褉褍褋邪谢懈屑邪), 泻-褉芯械芯褌芯卸写械褋褌胁谢褟褞褌褋斜懈斜谢械泄褋泻懈屑谐. <a href="/text/袣懈褉懈邪褎袠邪褉懈屑.html"style="font-style:italic;">袣懈褉懈邪褎袠邪褉懈屑</a>, 谐写械胁褌械褔械薪懈械 20 谢械褌褏褉邪薪懈谢懈 <a href="/text/袣芯胁褔械谐袟邪胁械褌邪.html"style="font-style:italic;">泻芯胁褔械谐袟邪胁械褌邪</a> (1 笑邪褉 7. 1-2 懈写褉.). 袙褋褉械写薪械胁械泻芯胁褜械褋褔懈褌邪谢芯褋褜 <a href="/text/协屑屑邪褍褋.html"style="font-style:italic;">协屑屑邪褍褋芯屑</a> 袧袟, 褔褌芯屑邪谢芯胁械褉芯褟褌薪芯 (褋屑. <a href="/text/袗屑褍邪褋.html"style="font-style:italic;">袗屑褍邪褋</a> 懈袣褍邪谢芯薪懈褟). 袗褉褏械芯谢芯谐懈褔械褋泻懈械懈褋褋谢械写芯胁邪薪懈褟 (1928 - 袘. 袪. 袧褢胁懈谢谢褜, 1950 - 袛卸. 袩械褉褉芯褌褌, 1967-1971 - 袚. 袛芯谢谢褜褎褍褋, 袦. 袥械褕械胁邪谢褜械) 锌芯泻邪蟹邪谢懈, 褔褌芯芯褋薪芯胁褍褋谢芯械胁袗.-袚. 褋芯褋褌邪胁谢褟械褌锌芯褋械谢械薪懈械 VII 胁. 写芯袪. 啸. (锌芯蟹写薪褟褟褋褌邪写懈褟写芯泻械褉邪屑懈褔械褋泻芯谐芯薪械芯谢懈褌邪 - 泻邪屑械薪薪褘械写芯屑邪褋褉邪褋锌懈褋薪褘屑懈芯褕褌褍泻邪褌褍褉械薪薪褘屑懈褋褌械薪邪屑懈, 褏褉邪薪懈谢懈褖邪, 斜芯谢械械 30 锌芯谐褉械斜械薪懈泄). 袨斜薪邪褉褍卸械薪褘芯褌谢芯卸械薪懈褟, 斜谢懈蟹泻懈械锌芯胁褉械屑械薪懈泻袪芯卸写械褋褌胁褍啸褉懈褋褌芯胁褍. </p> <p> 袙 1142-1187 谐谐. 袗.-袚. 锌褉懈薪邪写谢械卸邪谢 <a href="/text/袚芯褋锌懈褌邪谢懈褌褘.html"style="font-style:italic;">谐芯褋锌懈褌邪谢懈褌邪屑</a>, 泻-褉褘械芯褋薪芯胁邪谢懈褌邪屑屑芯薪-褉褜褋褑械褉泻芯胁褜褞 (锌褉械写锌芯谢芯卸懈褌械谢褜薪芯锌芯褋谢械 1141) 薪邪写芯褋褌邪胁褕械泄褋褟芯褌褉懈屑. 褝锌芯褏懈褑懈褋褌械褉薪芯泄 (芦袠褋褌芯褔薪懈泻协屑屑邪褍褋邪禄), 锌褉械胁褉邪褖械薪薪芯泄胁 <a href="/text/袣褉懈锌褌邪.html"style="font-style:italic;">泻褉懈锌褌褍</a> (褏芯褉芯褕芯褋芯褏褉邪薪懈谢邪褋褜; 褉邪褋泻芯锌邪薪邪胁 1944 袘懈斜谢械泄褋泻芯泄褕泻芯谢芯泄胁袠械褉褍褋邪谢懈屑械锌芯写褉褍泻芯胁芯写褋褌胁芯屑袪. 写械袙芯懈袗. 袦. 小褌械胁械). 笑械褉泻芯胁褜斜褘谢邪芯褋薪芯胁邪薪邪胁蟹薪邪泻锌芯屑懈薪芯胁械薪懈褟褋胁褟褌芯谐芯屑械褋褌邪, 谐写械啸褉懈褋褌芯褋胁褋褌褉械褌懈谢 2 褍褔械薪懈泻芯胁胁协屑屑邪褍褋械 (袥泻 23. 13-35). 协褌芯褌褉械褏薪械褎薪邪褟斜邪蟹懈谢懈泻邪, 锌褉褟屑芯褍谐芯谢褜薪邪褟胁锌谢邪薪械, 褋褌褉械屑褟邪锌褋懈写邪屑懈, 锌芯胁褘褕械薪薪褘屑褑械薪褌褉邪谢褜薪褘屑薪械褎芯屑懈薪械褉胁褞褉薪褘屑懈泻褉械褋褌芯胁褘屑懈褋胁芯写邪屑懈. 肖褉邪谐屑械薪褌邪褉薪芯褋芯褏褉邪薪懈谢邪褋褜褉芯褋锌懈褋褜, 泻-褉邪褟写邪褌懈褉褍械褌褋褟胁褉械屑械薪械屑锌芯褋谢械 1170 谐. (薪邪写锌懈褋懈谢邪褌.). 袛芯薪邪褋写芯褕谢懈邪泻胁邪褉械谢懈懈褉懈褋褍薪泻懈谐褉. 袩褜械谢谢邪, 胁褘锌芯谢薪械薪薪褘械胁 1901 谐. 袩械褉胁芯薪邪褔邪谢褜薪芯褉芯褋锌懈褋褜褉邪褋锌芯谢邪谐邪谢邪褋褜胁 3 邪谢褌邪褉薪褘褏锌芯屑械褖械薪懈褟褏, 薪邪褋械胁. 懈褞卸. 褋褌械薪邪褏斜芯泻芯胁褘褏薪械褎芯胁懈薪邪褋褌芯谢斜邪褏褌芯谢褜泻芯胁胁芯褋褌. 褔邪褋褌懈褏褉邪屑邪, 锌芯谢薪芯褋褌褜褞褏褉邪屑褉邪褋锌懈褋邪薪薪械斜褘谢. 袙泻芯薪褏械褑械薪褌褉邪谢褜薪芯泄邪锌褋懈写褘斜褘谢芯懈蟹芯斜褉邪卸械薪芯小芯褕械褋褌胁懈械胁芯邪写. 袙褉械谐懈褋褌褉邪褏锌芯写泻芯薪褏芯泄 - 写胁邪褉褟写邪褋胁褟褌褘褏, 芯写薪邪懈蟹褎懈谐褍褉械锌懈褋泻芯锌芯胁胁褞卸. 褔邪褋褌懈褋芯褏褉邪薪懈谢邪褋褜. 孝邪泻邪褟锌褉芯谐褉邪屑屑邪褉芯褋锌懈褋懈邪锌褋懈写褘, 薪械芯斜褘褔薪邪褟写谢褟胁懈蟹邪薪褌. 褌褉邪写懈褑懈懈, 褟胁谢褟械褌褋褟蟹邪屑褘褋谢芯屑蟹邪锌. 褏褍写芯卸薪懈泻邪. 袪邪蟹屑械褖械薪懈械小芯褕械褋褌胁懈褟胁芯邪写胁邪锌褋懈写械, 胁芯蟹屑芯卸薪芯, 胁芯褋褏芯写懈褌泻写械泻芯褉邪褑懈懈褏褉邪屑邪 <a href="/text/袚褉芯斜袚芯褋锌芯写械薪褜.html"style="font-style:italic;">袚褉芯斜邪袚芯褋锌芯写薪褟</a> 胁袠械褉褍褋邪谢懈屑械. 袙泻芯薪褏械褞卸. 邪锌褋懈写褘锌褉械写褋褌邪胁谢械薪褘胁械褌褏芯蟹邪胁械褌薪褘械锌邪褌褉懈邪褉褏懈: 袗胁褉邪邪屑, 袠褋邪邪泻懈袠邪泻芯胁. 袨薪懈懈蟹芯斜褉邪卸械薪褘褋写褍褕邪屑懈胁谢芯薪械 (褋屑. <a href="/text/袥芯薪芯袗胁褉邪邪屑芯胁芯.html"style="font-style:italic;">袥芯薪芯袗胁褉邪邪屑芯胁芯</a>).<div class="left_image" style="width: 230px"><div class="image" style="float: left; width: 230px;"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"><div class="image"> <span class="content"> <div align="center"><a class="highslide" onclick="return hs.expand(this, {captionId:'img_caption_69116_42'})" href="/data/590/636/1234/3i400.gif" ><img src="/data/590/636/1234/3i200.gif" itemprop="photo" width="200" height="134" alt="袥芯薪芯袗胁褉邪邪屑芯胁芯. 袪芯褋锌懈褋褜褑. 褋胁. 袠芯邪薪薪邪胁袗斜褍-袚芯褕械. 袩芯褋谢械 1170 谐. 肖褉邪谐屑械薪褌" title="袣谢懈泻薪懈褌械写谢褟褍胁械谢懈褔械薪懈褟泻邪褉褌懈薪泻懈" align="center" hspace="2" vspace="2"/></a><div class="highslide-caption" id="img_caption_69116_42">袥芯薪芯袗胁褉邪邪屑芯胁芯. 袪芯褋锌懈褋褜褑. 褋胁. 袠芯邪薪薪邪胁袗斜褍-袚芯褕械. 袩芯褋谢械 1170 谐. 肖褉邪谐屑械薪褌</div></div><br><small>袥芯薪芯袗胁褉邪邪屑芯胁芯. 袪芯褋锌懈褋褜褑. 褋胁. 袠芯邪薪薪邪胁袗斜褍-袚芯褕械. 袩芯褋谢械 1170 谐. 肖褉邪谐屑械薪褌</small></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> 袩芯褋褌芯褉芯薪邪屑芯褌袗胁褉邪邪屑邪, 褋懈写褟褖械谐芯胁褑械薪褌褉械,- 2 邪薪谐械谢邪, 写械褉卸邪褖懈械屑谢邪写械薪褑械胁, 屑芯谢懈褌胁械薪薪芯锌褉芯褌褟谐懈胁邪褞褖懈褏褉褍褔泻懈泻锌邪褌褉懈邪褉褏褍. 协褌芯芯斜褉邪蟹褘芯褋胁芯斜芯卸写械薪薪褘褏写褍褕 - 写械褌邪谢褜褍薪懈泻邪谢褜薪邪褟写谢褟胁懈蟹邪薪褌. 懈蟹邪锌. 懈褋泻褍褋褋褌胁邪, 褍泻邪蟹褘胁邪褞褖邪褟薪邪懈泻芯薪芯谐褉邪褎懈褞小褌褉邪褕薪芯谐芯小褍写邪. 袧械芯斜褘褔薪芯褉邪褋锌芯谢芯卸械薪懈械褎懈谐褍褉 3 锌邪褌褉懈邪褉褏芯胁胁邪谢褌邪褉薪芯泄蟹芯薪械褏褉邪屑邪 - 泻邪泻锌褉邪胁懈谢芯, 胁胁懈蟹邪薪褌. 褑械褉泻胁邪褏褝褌芯谐芯胁褉械屑械薪懈芯薪懈胁褏芯写懈谢懈胁褑懈泻谢小褌褉邪褕薪芯谐芯小褍写邪, 懈蟹芯斜褉邪卸邪胁褕械谐芯褋褟胁薪邪褉褌械泻褋械. 袙泻芯薪褏械褋械胁. 邪锌褋懈写褘斜褘谢锌褉械写褋褌邪胁谢械薪袛械懈褋褍褋, 胁泻谢褞褔邪胁褕懈泄芯斜褉邪蟹褘斜谢邪谐芯褋谢芯胁谢褟褞褖械谐芯啸褉懈褋褌邪薪邪褌褉芯薪械懈锌褉械写褋褌芯褟褖懈褏械屑褍袘芯谐芯屑邪褌械褉懈懈褋胁. 袠芯邪薪薪邪袩褉械写褌械褔懈. 袧懈卸械褋芯褏褉邪薪懈谢懈褋褜褎褉邪谐屑械薪褌褘褎懈谐褍褉邪薪谐械谢芯胁懈褋胁褟褌芯谐芯. 袙褋械 3 泻芯屑锌芯蟹懈褑懈懈, 褍泻褉邪褕邪胁褕懈械邪谢褌邪褉薪褘械泻芯薪褏懈, 褋胁褟蟹邪薪褘褋懈泻芯薪芯谐褉邪褎懈械泄小褌褉邪褕薪芯谐芯小褍写邪. 袧邪褋械胁. 褋褌械薪械褏褉邪屑邪胁薪懈卸薪械屑褉械谐懈褋褌褉械褋芯褏褉邪薪懈谢懈褋褜褎褉邪谐屑械薪褌褘芦芯斜谢邪褔薪芯谐芯禄校褋锌械薪懈褟袘芯谐芯屑邪褌械褉懈, 胁胁械褉褏薪械屑 - 褎懈谐褍褉褘褋胁褟褌褘褏. 袧邪褞卸. 褋褌械薪械胁薪懈卸薪械屑褉械谐懈褋褌褉械懈蟹芯斜褉邪卸械薪芯袪邪褋锌褟褌懈械, 胁胁械褉褏薪械屑 - 芯褌写械谢褜薪褘械褎懈谐褍褉褘褋胁褟褌褘褏懈谢懈懈屑锌械褉邪褌芯褉芯胁. 袙泻芯屑锌芯蟹懈褑懈褞袪邪褋锌褟褌懈褟胁泻谢褞褔械薪褘锌械褉褋芯薪懈褎懈泻邪褑懈懈笑械褉泻胁懈懈小懈薪邪谐芯谐懈. 袟邪胁械褉褕邪谢懈写械泻芯褉邪褑懈褞褏褉邪屑邪芯斜褉邪蟹褘 2 褋褌芯褟褖懈褏褋胁褟褌褘褏懈褋胁褟褌芯谐芯胁芯懈薪邪薪邪泻芯薪械 (胁屑褔. 袚械芯褉谐懈褟?), 锌褉械写褋褌邪胁谢械薪薪褘械薪邪褋械胁. 褋褌械薪械, 懈褎懈谐褍褉褘褋胁褟褌褘褏薪邪褋褌芯谢斜邪褏. 孝. 芯., 芯褋薪芯胁薪邪褟褌械屑邪懈泻芯薪芯谐褉邪褎懈褔械褋泻芯泄锌褉芯谐褉邪屑屑褘褉芯褋锌懈褋懈 - 袙芯褋泻褉械褋械薪懈械袚芯褋锌芯写薪械懈褋锌邪褋械薪懈械褏褉懈褋褌. 写褍褕, 胁械褉芯褟褌薪芯, 斜褘谢邪芯斜褍褋谢芯胁谢械薪邪锌芯屑懈薪芯胁械薪懈械屑褋胁褟褌芯谐芯屑械褋褌邪胁协屑屑邪褍褋械, 褋泻-褉褘屑褋胁褟蟹邪薪芯芯褋薪芯胁邪薪懈械褑械褉泻胁懈. 袣邪泻锌芯谢邪谐邪械褌袚. 袣褞薪械谢褜, 胁泻褉懈锌褌械褑械褉泻胁懈锌械褉胁芯薪邪褔邪谢褜薪芯斜褘谢邪懈蟹芯斜褉邪卸械薪邪胁褋褌褉械褔邪啸褉懈褋褌邪褋褍褔械薪懈泻邪屑懈胁协屑屑邪褍褋械, 褔褌芯斜褘谢芯芯斜褘褔薪芯写谢褟褑械褉泻胁械泄小胁. 蟹械屑谢懈. </p> <p> 袙芯褌谢懈褔懈械芯褌懈泻芯薪芯谐褉邪褎懈褔械褋泻芯泄锌褉芯谐褉邪屑屑褘, 芯褌屑械褔械薪薪芯泄蟹邪锌. 褔械褉褌邪屑懈, 褋褌懈谢褜褉芯褋锌懈褋械泄褔懈褋褌芯胁懈蟹邪薪褌., 锌褉械写锌芯谢邪谐邪械褌褋褟, 褔褌芯懈褏蟹邪泻邪蟹褔懈泻芯屑屑芯谐斜褘褌褜懈屑锌. <a href="/text/袦邪薪褍懈谢袣芯屑薪懈薪.html"style="font-style:italic;">袦邪薪褍懈谢袣芯屑薪懈薪</a> (Weyl Carr A. 袪. 215-244). 袪芯褋锌懈褋懈褑械褉泻胁懈锌褉懈薪邪写谢械卸邪谢懈泻芦写懈薪邪屑懈褔械褋泻芯屑褍禄褌械褔械薪懈褞锌芯蟹写薪械泻芯屑薪懈薪芯胁褋泻芯谐芯懈褋泻褍褋褋褌胁邪锌芯褋谢. 褌褉械褌懈 XII 胁. 袙褝褌芯屑屑芯薪褍屑械薪褌邪谢褜薪芯屑懈胁械谢懈褔械褋褌胁械薪薪芯屑褋褌懈谢械屑芯卸薪芯胁褘写械谢懈褌褜 2 薪邪锌褉邪胁谢械薪懈褟, 泻邪卸写芯械懈蟹泻-褉褘褏, 锌芯屑薪械薪懈褞袣褞薪械谢褟, 薪械褟胁谢褟械褌褋褟褉械蟹褍谢褜褌邪褌芯屑褉邪斜芯褌褘 2 屑邪褋褌械褉芯胁, 邪芯斜褍褋谢芯胁谢械薪芯锌褉懈屑械薪械薪懈械屑褉邪蟹谢懈褔薪褘褏懈蟹芯斜褉邪蟹懈褌械谢褜薪褘褏褋褉械写褋褌胁写谢褟褉邪蟹薪褘褏褋褞卸械褌芯胁. 孝邪泻, 胁泻芯屑锌芯蟹懈褑懈褟褏薪邪斜芯泻芯胁褘褏褋褌械薪邪褏薪械褎芯胁褌褉邪泻褌芯胁泻邪褎懈谐褍褉懈芯写械褟薪懈泄锌褉懈芯斜褉械谢邪谐械芯屑械褌褉懈褔械褋泻懈邪斜褋褌褉邪泻褌薪褘泄褏邪褉邪泻褌械褉, 邪胁泻芯屑锌芯蟹懈褑懈褟褏邪谢褌邪褉薪芯泄芦褝褋褏邪褌芯谢芯谐懈褔械褋泻芯泄禄褔邪褋褌懈芯斜褉邪蟹褘斜芯谢械械锌谢邪褋褌懈褔薪褘, 卸懈胁芯锌懈褋薪褘懈褝泻褋锌褉械褋褋懈胁薪褘. </p> <div class="reference"> 袥懈褌.: <span style="font-style:italic;">Mauss L</span>. L'Eglise de St. Jeremie 脿 Abou Gosh. P., 1897; <span style="font-style:italic;">Diehl C</span>. Les fresques de l'茅glise d'Abou-Gosch // J茅rusalem. 1924. N 122. P. 122, 226-229; <span style="font-style:italic;">Vincent L.-H., Abel F.-M</span>. Emma眉s: sa basilique et son histoire. P., 1932. P. 386-393; <span style="font-style:italic;">Vaux R. De, Steve A.-M</span>. Fouilles 脿 Qaryet el-‘Enab, Ab G么sh, Palestine. P., 1950; <span style="font-style:italic;">Folda J</span>. Painting and Sculpture in the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem, 1099-1291 // <span style="font-style:italic;">Hazard H. W</span>. Ed. The Art and Architecture of the Crusader States // A History of the Crusades. Madison (Wisconsin), 1977. Vol. 4. P. 259-261; <span style="font-style:italic;">Weye Carr A</span>. The Mural Painting of Abu Gosh and the Patronage of Manuel Commenus in the Holy Land // Crusader Art in the Twelfth Century / Ed. J. Foldal Oxf., 1982. 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