CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>  <title>Transactions on Sustainable Energy - IEEE PES</title> <meta name="description" content="IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy disseminates results of research on sustainable energy systems for integration into the power transmission and/or distribution grid." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-sustainable-energy/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Transactions on Sustainable Energy - IEEE PES" /> <meta property="og:description" content="IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy disseminates results of research on sustainable energy systems for integration into the power transmission and/or distribution grid." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-sustainable-energy/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="IEEE Power & Energy Society" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-11-21T16:56:35+00:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="6 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-sustainable-energy/","url":"https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-sustainable-energy/","name":"Transactions on Sustainable Energy - IEEE PES","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://ieee-pes.org/#website"},"datePublished":"2023-01-12T20:22:18+00:00","dateModified":"2024-11-21T16:56:35+00:00","description":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy disseminates results of research on sustainable energy systems for integration into the power transmission and/or distribution grid.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-sustainable-energy/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-sustainable-energy/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-sustainable-energy/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://ieee-pes.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Publications","item":"https://ieee-pes.org/publications/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://ieee-pes.org/#website","url":"https://ieee-pes.org/","name":"IEEE Power & Energy Society","description":"More Power to the Future","publisher":{"@id":"https://ieee-pes.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://ieee-pes.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://ieee-pes.org/#organization","name":"IEEE Power & Energy Society","url":"https://ieee-pes.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://ieee-pes.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/ieee-pes-logo.png","contentUrl":"https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/ieee-pes-logo.png","width":267,"height":199,"caption":"IEEE Power & Energy Society"},"image":{"@id":"https://ieee-pes.org/#/schema/logo/image/"}}]}</script>  <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="IEEE Power & Energy Society » Feed" href="https://ieee-pes.org/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="IEEE Power & Energy Society » Comments Feed" href="https://ieee-pes.org/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/calendar" title="IEEE Power & Energy Society » iCal Feed" href="https://ieee-pes.org/calendar/?ical=1" /> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.1"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-pro-mini-calendar-block-styles-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/tribe-events-pro-mini-calendar-block.min.css?ver=7.3.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='premium-addons-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/premium-addons-for-elementor/assets/frontend/min-css/premium-addons.min.css?ver=4.10.64' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='activecampaign-form-block-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/activecampaign-subscription-forms/activecampaign-form-block/build/style-index.css?ver=1712776350' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eeb-css-frontend-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/email-encoder-bundle/core/includes/assets/css/style.css?ver=240617-191623' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-v2-single-skeleton-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/src/resources/css/tribe-events-single-skeleton.min.css?ver=6.8.2.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-v2-single-skeleton-full-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/src/resources/css/tribe-events-single-full.min.css?ver=6.8.2.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tec-events-elementor-widgets-base-styles-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/src/resources/css/integrations/plugins/elementor/widgets/widget-base.min.css?ver=6.8.2.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hello-elementor-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/themes/hello-elementor/style.min.css?ver=3.1.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hello-elementor-theme-style-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/themes/hello-elementor/theme.min.css?ver=3.1.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='hello-elementor-header-footer-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/themes/hello-elementor/header-footer.min.css?ver=3.1.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-frontend-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/custom-frontend.min.css?ver=1732202969' media='all' /> <style id='elementor-frontend-inline-css'> @-webkit-keyframes ha_fadeIn{0%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}@keyframes ha_fadeIn{0%{opacity:0}to{opacity:1}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_zoomIn{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3);transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3)}50%{opacity:1}}@keyframes ha_zoomIn{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3);transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3)}50%{opacity:1}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_rollIn{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate3d(-100%,0,0) rotate3d(0,0,1,-120deg);transform:translate3d(-100%,0,0) rotate3d(0,0,1,-120deg)}to{opacity:1}}@keyframes ha_rollIn{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:translate3d(-100%,0,0) rotate3d(0,0,1,-120deg);transform:translate3d(-100%,0,0) rotate3d(0,0,1,-120deg)}to{opacity:1}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_bounce{0%,20%,53%,to{-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1)}40%,43%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,-30px,0) scaleY(1.1);transform:translate3d(0,-30px,0) scaleY(1.1);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.755,.05,.855,.06);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.755,.05,.855,.06)}70%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,-15px,0) scaleY(1.05);transform:translate3d(0,-15px,0) scaleY(1.05);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.755,.05,.855,.06);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.755,.05,.855,.06)}80%{-webkit-transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1);transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1);-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0) scaleY(.95);transform:translate3d(0,0,0) scaleY(.95)}90%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,-4px,0) scaleY(1.02);transform:translate3d(0,-4px,0) scaleY(1.02)}}@keyframes ha_bounce{0%,20%,53%,to{-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1)}40%,43%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,-30px,0) scaleY(1.1);transform:translate3d(0,-30px,0) scaleY(1.1);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.755,.05,.855,.06);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.755,.05,.855,.06)}70%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,-15px,0) scaleY(1.05);transform:translate3d(0,-15px,0) scaleY(1.05);-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.755,.05,.855,.06);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.755,.05,.855,.06)}80%{-webkit-transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1);transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1);-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,0,0) scaleY(.95);transform:translate3d(0,0,0) scaleY(.95)}90%{-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,-4px,0) scaleY(1.02);transform:translate3d(0,-4px,0) scaleY(1.02)}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_bounceIn{0%,20%,40%,60%,80%,to{-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1)}0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3);transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3)}20%{-webkit-transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1.1);transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1.1)}40%{-webkit-transform:scale3d(.9,.9,.9);transform:scale3d(.9,.9,.9)}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(1.03,1.03,1.03);transform:scale3d(1.03,1.03,1.03)}80%{-webkit-transform:scale3d(.97,.97,.97);transform:scale3d(.97,.97,.97)}to{opacity:1}}@keyframes ha_bounceIn{0%,20%,40%,60%,80%,to{-webkit-animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1);animation-timing-function:cubic-bezier(.215,.61,.355,1)}0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3);transform:scale3d(.3,.3,.3)}20%{-webkit-transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1.1);transform:scale3d(1.1,1.1,1.1)}40%{-webkit-transform:scale3d(.9,.9,.9);transform:scale3d(.9,.9,.9)}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:scale3d(1.03,1.03,1.03);transform:scale3d(1.03,1.03,1.03)}80%{-webkit-transform:scale3d(.97,.97,.97);transform:scale3d(.97,.97,.97)}to{opacity:1}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_flipInX{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,90deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,90deg);-webkit-animation-timing-function:ease-in;animation-timing-function:ease-in}40%{-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,-20deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,-20deg);-webkit-animation-timing-function:ease-in;animation-timing-function:ease-in}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,10deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,10deg)}80%{-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,-5deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,-5deg)}}@keyframes ha_flipInX{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,90deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,90deg);-webkit-animation-timing-function:ease-in;animation-timing-function:ease-in}40%{-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,-20deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,-20deg);-webkit-animation-timing-function:ease-in;animation-timing-function:ease-in}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,10deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,10deg)}80%{-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,-5deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(1,0,0,-5deg)}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_flipInY{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,90deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,90deg);-webkit-animation-timing-function:ease-in;animation-timing-function:ease-in}40%{-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,-20deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,-20deg);-webkit-animation-timing-function:ease-in;animation-timing-function:ease-in}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,10deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,10deg)}80%{-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,-5deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,-5deg)}}@keyframes ha_flipInY{0%{opacity:0;-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,90deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,90deg);-webkit-animation-timing-function:ease-in;animation-timing-function:ease-in}40%{-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,-20deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,-20deg);-webkit-animation-timing-function:ease-in;animation-timing-function:ease-in}60%{opacity:1;-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,10deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,10deg)}80%{-webkit-transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,-5deg);transform:perspective(400px) rotate3d(0,1,0,-5deg)}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_swing{20%{-webkit-transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,15deg);transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,15deg)}40%{-webkit-transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,-10deg);transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,-10deg)}60%{-webkit-transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,5deg);transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,5deg)}80%{-webkit-transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,-5deg);transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,-5deg)}}@keyframes ha_swing{20%{-webkit-transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,15deg);transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,15deg)}40%{-webkit-transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,-10deg);transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,-10deg)}60%{-webkit-transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,5deg);transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,5deg)}80%{-webkit-transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,-5deg);transform:rotate3d(0,0,1,-5deg)}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_slideInDown{0%{visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,-100%,0);transform:translate3d(0,-100%,0)}}@keyframes ha_slideInDown{0%{visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,-100%,0);transform:translate3d(0,-100%,0)}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_slideInUp{0%{visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,100%,0);transform:translate3d(0,100%,0)}}@keyframes ha_slideInUp{0%{visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:translate3d(0,100%,0);transform:translate3d(0,100%,0)}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_slideInLeft{0%{visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:translate3d(-100%,0,0);transform:translate3d(-100%,0,0)}}@keyframes ha_slideInLeft{0%{visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:translate3d(-100%,0,0);transform:translate3d(-100%,0,0)}}@-webkit-keyframes ha_slideInRight{0%{visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%,0,0);transform:translate3d(100%,0,0)}}@keyframes ha_slideInRight{0%{visibility:visible;-webkit-transform:translate3d(100%,0,0);transform:translate3d(100%,0,0)}}.ha_fadeIn{-webkit-animation-name:ha_fadeIn;animation-name:ha_fadeIn}.ha_zoomIn{-webkit-animation-name:ha_zoomIn;animation-name:ha_zoomIn}.ha_rollIn{-webkit-animation-name:ha_rollIn;animation-name:ha_rollIn}.ha_bounce{-webkit-transform-origin:center bottom;-ms-transform-origin:center bottom;transform-origin:center bottom;-webkit-animation-name:ha_bounce;animation-name:ha_bounce}.ha_bounceIn{-webkit-animation-name:ha_bounceIn;animation-name:ha_bounceIn;-webkit-animation-duration:.75s;-webkit-animation-duration:calc(var(--animate-duration)*.75);animation-duration:.75s;animation-duration:calc(var(--animate-duration)*.75)}.ha_flipInX,.ha_flipInY{-webkit-animation-name:ha_flipInX;animation-name:ha_flipInX;-webkit-backface-visibility:visible!important;backface-visibility:visible!important}.ha_flipInY{-webkit-animation-name:ha_flipInY;animation-name:ha_flipInY}.ha_swing{-webkit-transform-origin:top center;-ms-transform-origin:top center;transform-origin:top center;-webkit-animation-name:ha_swing;animation-name:ha_swing}.ha_slideInDown{-webkit-animation-name:ha_slideInDown;animation-name:ha_slideInDown}.ha_slideInUp{-webkit-animation-name:ha_slideInUp;animation-name:ha_slideInUp}.ha_slideInLeft{-webkit-animation-name:ha_slideInLeft;animation-name:ha_slideInLeft}.ha_slideInRight{-webkit-animation-name:ha_slideInRight;animation-name:ha_slideInRight}.ha-css-transform-yes{-webkit-transition-duration:var(--ha-tfx-transition-duration, .2s);transition-duration:var(--ha-tfx-transition-duration, .2s);-webkit-transition-property:-webkit-transform;transition-property:transform;transition-property:transform,-webkit-transform;-webkit-transform:translate(var(--ha-tfx-translate-x, 0),var(--ha-tfx-translate-y, 0)) scale(var(--ha-tfx-scale-x, 1),var(--ha-tfx-scale-y, 1)) skew(var(--ha-tfx-skew-x, 0),var(--ha-tfx-skew-y, 0)) rotateX(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-x, 0)) rotateY(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-y, 0)) rotateZ(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-z, 0));transform:translate(var(--ha-tfx-translate-x, 0),var(--ha-tfx-translate-y, 0)) scale(var(--ha-tfx-scale-x, 1),var(--ha-tfx-scale-y, 1)) skew(var(--ha-tfx-skew-x, 0),var(--ha-tfx-skew-y, 0)) rotateX(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-x, 0)) rotateY(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-y, 0)) rotateZ(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-z, 0))}.ha-css-transform-yes:hover{-webkit-transform:translate(var(--ha-tfx-translate-x-hover, var(--ha-tfx-translate-x, 0)),var(--ha-tfx-translate-y-hover, var(--ha-tfx-translate-y, 0))) scale(var(--ha-tfx-scale-x-hover, var(--ha-tfx-scale-x, 1)),var(--ha-tfx-scale-y-hover, var(--ha-tfx-scale-y, 1))) skew(var(--ha-tfx-skew-x-hover, var(--ha-tfx-skew-x, 0)),var(--ha-tfx-skew-y-hover, var(--ha-tfx-skew-y, 0))) rotateX(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-x-hover, var(--ha-tfx-rotate-x, 0))) rotateY(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-y-hover, var(--ha-tfx-rotate-y, 0))) rotateZ(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-z-hover, var(--ha-tfx-rotate-z, 0)));transform:translate(var(--ha-tfx-translate-x-hover, var(--ha-tfx-translate-x, 0)),var(--ha-tfx-translate-y-hover, var(--ha-tfx-translate-y, 0))) scale(var(--ha-tfx-scale-x-hover, var(--ha-tfx-scale-x, 1)),var(--ha-tfx-scale-y-hover, var(--ha-tfx-scale-y, 1))) skew(var(--ha-tfx-skew-x-hover, var(--ha-tfx-skew-x, 0)),var(--ha-tfx-skew-y-hover, var(--ha-tfx-skew-y, 0))) rotateX(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-x-hover, var(--ha-tfx-rotate-x, 0))) rotateY(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-y-hover, var(--ha-tfx-rotate-y, 0))) rotateZ(var(--ha-tfx-rotate-z-hover, var(--ha-tfx-rotate-z, 0)))}.happy-addon>.elementor-widget-container{word-wrap:break-word;overflow-wrap:break-word}.happy-addon>.elementor-widget-container,.happy-addon>.elementor-widget-container *{-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}.happy-addon p:empty{display:none}.happy-addon .elementor-inline-editing{min-height:auto!important}.happy-addon-pro img{max-width:100%;height:auto;-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover}.ha-screen-reader-text{position:absolute;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);margin:-1px;padding:0;width:1px;height:1px;border:0;word-wrap:normal!important;-webkit-clip-path:inset(50%);clip-path:inset(50%)}.ha-has-bg-overlay>.elementor-widget-container{position:relative;z-index:1}.ha-has-bg-overlay>.elementor-widget-container:before{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;z-index:-1;width:100%;height:100%;content:""}.ha-popup--is-enabled .ha-js-popup,.ha-popup--is-enabled .ha-js-popup img{cursor:-webkit-zoom-in!important;cursor:zoom-in!important}.mfp-wrap .mfp-arrow,.mfp-wrap .mfp-close{background-color:transparent}.mfp-wrap .mfp-arrow:focus,.mfp-wrap .mfp-close:focus{outline-width:thin}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable{position:relative;cursor:pointer;--ha-tooltip-arrow-color:black;--ha-tooltip-arrow-distance:0}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable .ha-advanced-tooltip-content{position:absolute;z-index:999;display:none;padding:5px 0;width:120px;height:auto;border-radius:6px;background-color:#000;color:#fff;text-align:center;opacity:0}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after{position:absolute;border-width:5px;border-style:solid;content:""}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable .ha-advanced-tooltip-content.no-arrow::after{visibility:hidden}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable .ha-advanced-tooltip-content.show{display:inline-block;opacity:1}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-top .ha-advanced-tooltip-content,body[data-elementor-device-mode=tablet] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-tablet-top .ha-advanced-tooltip-content{top:unset;right:0;bottom:calc(101% + var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-distance));left:0;margin:0 auto}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-top .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after,body[data-elementor-device-mode=tablet] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-tablet-top .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after{top:100%;right:unset;bottom:unset;left:50%;border-color:var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-color) transparent transparent transparent;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-bottom .ha-advanced-tooltip-content,body[data-elementor-device-mode=tablet] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-tablet-bottom .ha-advanced-tooltip-content{top:calc(101% + var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-distance));right:0;bottom:unset;left:0;margin:0 auto}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-bottom .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after,body[data-elementor-device-mode=tablet] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-tablet-bottom .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after{top:unset;right:unset;bottom:100%;left:50%;border-color:transparent transparent var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-color) transparent;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-left .ha-advanced-tooltip-content,body[data-elementor-device-mode=tablet] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-tablet-left .ha-advanced-tooltip-content{top:50%;right:calc(101% + var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-distance));bottom:unset;left:unset;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%)}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-left .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after,body[data-elementor-device-mode=tablet] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-tablet-left .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after{top:50%;right:unset;bottom:unset;left:100%;border-color:transparent transparent transparent var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-color);-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%)}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-right .ha-advanced-tooltip-content,body[data-elementor-device-mode=tablet] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-tablet-right .ha-advanced-tooltip-content{top:50%;right:unset;bottom:unset;left:calc(101% + var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-distance));-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%)}.ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-right .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after,body[data-elementor-device-mode=tablet] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-tablet-right .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after{top:50%;right:100%;bottom:unset;left:unset;border-color:transparent var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-color) transparent transparent;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%)}body[data-elementor-device-mode=mobile] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-mobile-top .ha-advanced-tooltip-content{top:unset;right:0;bottom:calc(101% + var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-distance));left:0;margin:0 auto}body[data-elementor-device-mode=mobile] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-mobile-top .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after{top:100%;right:unset;bottom:unset;left:50%;border-color:var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-color) transparent transparent transparent;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}body[data-elementor-device-mode=mobile] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-mobile-bottom .ha-advanced-tooltip-content{top:calc(101% + var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-distance));right:0;bottom:unset;left:0;margin:0 auto}body[data-elementor-device-mode=mobile] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-mobile-bottom .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after{top:unset;right:unset;bottom:100%;left:50%;border-color:transparent transparent var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-color) transparent;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}body[data-elementor-device-mode=mobile] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-mobile-left .ha-advanced-tooltip-content{top:50%;right:calc(101% + var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-distance));bottom:unset;left:unset;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%)}body[data-elementor-device-mode=mobile] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-mobile-left .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after{top:50%;right:unset;bottom:unset;left:100%;border-color:transparent transparent transparent var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-color);-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%)}body[data-elementor-device-mode=mobile] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-mobile-right .ha-advanced-tooltip-content{top:50%;right:unset;bottom:unset;left:calc(101% + var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-distance));-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%)}body[data-elementor-device-mode=mobile] .ha-advanced-tooltip-enable.ha-advanced-tooltip-mobile-right .ha-advanced-tooltip-content::after{top:50%;right:100%;bottom:unset;left:unset;border-color:transparent var(--ha-tooltip-arrow-color) transparent transparent;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%)}body.elementor-editor-active .happy-addon.ha-gravityforms .gform_wrapper{display:block!important}.ha-scroll-to-top-wrap.ha-scroll-to-top-hide{display:none}.ha-scroll-to-top-wrap.edit-mode,.ha-scroll-to-top-wrap.single-page-off{display:none!important}.ha-scroll-to-top-button{position:fixed;right:15px;bottom:15px;z-index:9999;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;width:50px;height:50px;border-radius:50px;background-color:#5636d1;color:#fff;text-align:center;opacity:1;cursor:pointer;-webkit-transition:all .3s;transition:all .3s}.ha-scroll-to-top-button i{color:#fff;font-size:16px}.ha-scroll-to-top-button:hover{background-color:#e2498a}.ha-particle-wrapper{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%}.ha-floating-element{position:fixed;z-index:999}.ha-floating-element-align-top-left .ha-floating-element{top:0;left:0}.ha-floating-element-align-top-right .ha-floating-element{top:0;right:0}.ha-floating-element-align-top-center .ha-floating-element{top:0;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}.ha-floating-element-align-middle-left .ha-floating-element{top:50%;left:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%)}.ha-floating-element-align-middle-right .ha-floating-element{top:50%;right:0;-webkit-transform:translateY(-50%);-ms-transform:translateY(-50%);transform:translateY(-50%)}.ha-floating-element-align-bottom-left .ha-floating-element{bottom:0;left:0}.ha-floating-element-align-bottom-right .ha-floating-element{right:0;bottom:0}.ha-floating-element-align-bottom-center .ha-floating-element{bottom:0;left:50%;-webkit-transform:translateX(-50%);-ms-transform:translateX(-50%);transform:translateX(-50%)}.ha-editor-placeholder{padding:20px;border:5px double #f1f1f1;background:#f8f8f8;text-align:center;opacity:.5}.ha-editor-placeholder-title{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:8px;font-weight:700;font-size:16px}.ha-editor-placeholder-content{margin:0;font-size:12px}.ha-p-relative{position:relative}.ha-p-absolute{position:absolute}.ha-p-fixed{position:fixed}.ha-w-1{width:1%}.ha-h-1{height:1%}.ha-w-2{width:2%}.ha-h-2{height:2%}.ha-w-3{width:3%}.ha-h-3{height:3%}.ha-w-4{width:4%}.ha-h-4{height:4%}.ha-w-5{width:5%}.ha-h-5{height:5%}.ha-w-6{width:6%}.ha-h-6{height:6%}.ha-w-7{width:7%}.ha-h-7{height:7%}.ha-w-8{width:8%}.ha-h-8{height:8%}.ha-w-9{width:9%}.ha-h-9{height:9%}.ha-w-10{width:10%}.ha-h-10{height:10%}.ha-w-11{width:11%}.ha-h-11{height:11%}.ha-w-12{width:12%}.ha-h-12{height:12%}.ha-w-13{width:13%}.ha-h-13{height:13%}.ha-w-14{width:14%}.ha-h-14{height:14%}.ha-w-15{width:15%}.ha-h-15{height:15%}.ha-w-16{width:16%}.ha-h-16{height:16%}.ha-w-17{width:17%}.ha-h-17{height:17%}.ha-w-18{width:18%}.ha-h-18{height:18%}.ha-w-19{width:19%}.ha-h-19{height:19%}.ha-w-20{width:20%}.ha-h-20{height:20%}.ha-w-21{width:21%}.ha-h-21{height:21%}.ha-w-22{width:22%}.ha-h-22{height:22%}.ha-w-23{width:23%}.ha-h-23{height:23%}.ha-w-24{width:24%}.ha-h-24{height:24%}.ha-w-25{width:25%}.ha-h-25{height:25%}.ha-w-26{width:26%}.ha-h-26{height:26%}.ha-w-27{width:27%}.ha-h-27{height:27%}.ha-w-28{width:28%}.ha-h-28{height:28%}.ha-w-29{width:29%}.ha-h-29{height:29%}.ha-w-30{width:30%}.ha-h-30{height:30%}.ha-w-31{width:31%}.ha-h-31{height:31%}.ha-w-32{width:32%}.ha-h-32{height:32%}.ha-w-33{width:33%}.ha-h-33{height:33%}.ha-w-34{width:34%}.ha-h-34{height:34%}.ha-w-35{width:35%}.ha-h-35{height:35%}.ha-w-36{width:36%}.ha-h-36{height:36%}.ha-w-37{width:37%}.ha-h-37{height:37%}.ha-w-38{width:38%}.ha-h-38{height:38%}.ha-w-39{width:39%}.ha-h-39{height:39%}.ha-w-40{width:40%}.ha-h-40{height:40%}.ha-w-41{width:41%}.ha-h-41{height:41%}.ha-w-42{width:42%}.ha-h-42{height:42%}.ha-w-43{width:43%}.ha-h-43{height:43%}.ha-w-44{width:44%}.ha-h-44{height:44%}.ha-w-45{width:45%}.ha-h-45{height:45%}.ha-w-46{width:46%}.ha-h-46{height:46%}.ha-w-47{width:47%}.ha-h-47{height:47%}.ha-w-48{width:48%}.ha-h-48{height:48%}.ha-w-49{width:49%}.ha-h-49{height:49%}.ha-w-50{width:50%}.ha-h-50{height:50%}.ha-w-51{width:51%}.ha-h-51{height:51%}.ha-w-52{width:52%}.ha-h-52{height:52%}.ha-w-53{width:53%}.ha-h-53{height:53%}.ha-w-54{width:54%}.ha-h-54{height:54%}.ha-w-55{width:55%}.ha-h-55{height:55%}.ha-w-56{width:56%}.ha-h-56{height:56%}.ha-w-57{width:57%}.ha-h-57{height:57%}.ha-w-58{width:58%}.ha-h-58{height:58%}.ha-w-59{width:59%}.ha-h-59{height:59%}.ha-w-60{width:60%}.ha-h-60{height:60%}.ha-w-61{width:61%}.ha-h-61{height:61%}.ha-w-62{width:62%}.ha-h-62{height:62%}.ha-w-63{width:63%}.ha-h-63{height:63%}.ha-w-64{width:64%}.ha-h-64{height:64%}.ha-w-65{width:65%}.ha-h-65{height:65%}.ha-w-66{width:66%}.ha-h-66{height:66%}.ha-w-67{width:67%}.ha-h-67{height:67%}.ha-w-68{width:68%}.ha-h-68{height:68%}.ha-w-69{width:69%}.ha-h-69{height:69%}.ha-w-70{width:70%}.ha-h-70{height:70%}.ha-w-71{width:71%}.ha-h-71{height:71%}.ha-w-72{width:72%}.ha-h-72{height:72%}.ha-w-73{width:73%}.ha-h-73{height:73%}.ha-w-74{width:74%}.ha-h-74{height:74%}.ha-w-75{width:75%}.ha-h-75{height:75%}.ha-w-76{width:76%}.ha-h-76{height:76%}.ha-w-77{width:77%}.ha-h-77{height:77%}.ha-w-78{width:78%}.ha-h-78{height:78%}.ha-w-79{width:79%}.ha-h-79{height:79%}.ha-w-80{width:80%}.ha-h-80{height:80%}.ha-w-81{width:81%}.ha-h-81{height:81%}.ha-w-82{width:82%}.ha-h-82{height:82%}.ha-w-83{width:83%}.ha-h-83{height:83%}.ha-w-84{width:84%}.ha-h-84{height:84%}.ha-w-85{width:85%}.ha-h-85{height:85%}.ha-w-86{width:86%}.ha-h-86{height:86%}.ha-w-87{width:87%}.ha-h-87{height:87%}.ha-w-88{width:88%}.ha-h-88{height:88%}.ha-w-89{width:89%}.ha-h-89{height:89%}.ha-w-90{width:90%}.ha-h-90{height:90%}.ha-w-91{width:91%}.ha-h-91{height:91%}.ha-w-92{width:92%}.ha-h-92{height:92%}.ha-w-93{width:93%}.ha-h-93{height:93%}.ha-w-94{width:94%}.ha-h-94{height:94%}.ha-w-95{width:95%}.ha-h-95{height:95%}.ha-w-96{width:96%}.ha-h-96{height:96%}.ha-w-97{width:97%}.ha-h-97{height:97%}.ha-w-98{width:98%}.ha-h-98{height:98%}.ha-w-99{width:99%}.ha-h-99{height:99%}.ha-w-100{width:100%}.ha-h-100{height:100%}.ha-flex{display:-webkit-box!important;display:-webkit-flex!important;display:-ms-flexbox!important;display:flex!important}.ha-flex-inline{display:-webkit-inline-box!important;display:-webkit-inline-flex!important;display:-ms-inline-flexbox!important;display:inline-flex!important}.ha-flex-x-start{-webkit-box-pack:start;-ms-flex-pack:start;-webkit-justify-content:flex-start;justify-content:flex-start}.ha-flex-x-end{-webkit-box-pack:end;-ms-flex-pack:end;-webkit-justify-content:flex-end;justify-content:flex-end}.ha-flex-x-between{-webkit-box-pack:justify;-ms-flex-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between}.ha-flex-x-around{-ms-flex-pack:distribute;-webkit-justify-content:space-around;justify-content:space-around}.ha-flex-x-even{-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly}.ha-flex-x-center{-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center}.ha-flex-y-top{-webkit-box-align:start;-webkit-align-items:flex-start;align-items:flex-start;-ms-flex-align:start}.ha-flex-y-center{-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;align-items:center;-ms-flex-align:center}.ha-flex-y-bottom{-webkit-box-align:end;-webkit-align-items:flex-end;align-items:flex-end;-ms-flex-align:end} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-9-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-9.css?ver=1732202970' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-text-editor-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-text-editor.min.css?ver=3.25.9' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-social-icons-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-social-icons.min.css?ver=3.25.9' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-apple-webkit-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/custom-apple-webkit.min.css?ver=1732202969' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-image-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-image.min.css?ver=3.25.9' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-search-form-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/widget-search-form.min.css?ver=3.25.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-shared-0-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/fontawesome.min.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-fa-solid-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/solid.min.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-5-all-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/all.min.css?ver=4.10.64' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-nav-menu-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/custom-pro-widget-nav-menu.min.css?ver=1732202970' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='feedzy-rss-feeds-elementor-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/feedzy-rss-feeds/css/feedzy-rss-feeds.css?ver=1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/eicons/css/elementor-icons.min.css?ver=5.32.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='swiper-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/swiper/v8/css/swiper.min.css?ver=8.4.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-swiper-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/conditionals/e-swiper.min.css?ver=3.25.9' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-4-shim-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/v4-shims.min.css?ver=3.25.9' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='stratum-menu-widgets-style-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/stratum-menu/assets/css/style.min.css?ver=1.0.5' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-popup-style-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/conditionals/popup.min.css?ver=3.25.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='uael-frontend-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/ultimate-elementor/assets/min-css/uael-frontend.min.css?ver=1.37.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='uael-teammember-social-icons-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-social-icons.min.css?ver=3.24.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='uael-social-share-icons-brands-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/brands.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='uael-social-share-icons-fontawesome-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/fontawesome.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='uael-nav-menu-icons-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/solid.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-heading-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-heading.min.css?ver=3.25.9' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-tabs-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/custom-widget-tabs.min.css?ver=1732202969' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-spacer-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-spacer.min.css?ver=3.25.9' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-2189-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-2189.css?ver=1732208241' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-62-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-62.css?ver=1732202972' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='happy-icons-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/happy-elementor-addons/assets/fonts/style.min.css?ver=3.14.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.min.css?ver=4.7.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-191-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-191.css?ver=1732203095' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tec-variables-skeleton-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/css/variables-skeleton.min.css?ver=6.3.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tec-variables-full-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/the-events-calendar/common/src/resources/css/variables-full.min.css?ver=6.3.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-v2-virtual-single-block-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/events-virtual-single-block.min.css?ver=1.15.8' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='eael-general-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/essential-addons-for-elementor-lite/assets/front-end/css/view/general.min.css?ver=6.0.10' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='ecs-styles-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/ele-custom-skin/assets/css/ecs-style.css?ver=3.1.9' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-2420-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-2420.css?ver=1704885176' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='google-fonts-1-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans%3A100%2C100italic%2C200%2C200italic%2C300%2C300italic%2C400%2C400italic%2C500%2C500italic%2C600%2C600italic%2C700%2C700italic%2C800%2C800italic%2C900%2C900italic&display=auto&ver=6.7.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-icons-fa-brands-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/css/brands.min.css?ver=5.15.3' media='all' /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" crossorigin><script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/email-encoder-bundle/core/includes/assets/js/custom.js?ver=240617-191623" id="eeb-js-frontend-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/lib/font-awesome/js/v4-shims.min.js?ver=3.25.9" id="font-awesome-4-shim-js"></script> <script id="ecs_ajax_load-js-extra"> var ecs_ajax_params = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","posts":"{\"page\":0,\"pagename\":\"transactions-on-sustainable-energy\",\"error\":\"\",\"m\":\"\",\"p\":0,\"post_parent\":\"\",\"subpost\":\"\",\"subpost_id\":\"\",\"attachment\":\"\",\"attachment_id\":0,\"name\":\"transactions-on-sustainable-energy\",\"page_id\":0,\"second\":\"\",\"minute\":\"\",\"hour\":\"\",\"day\":0,\"monthnum\":0,\"year\":0,\"w\":0,\"category_name\":\"\",\"tag\":\"\",\"cat\":\"\",\"tag_id\":\"\",\"author\":\"\",\"author_name\":\"\",\"feed\":\"\",\"tb\":\"\",\"paged\":0,\"meta_key\":\"\",\"meta_value\":\"\",\"preview\":\"\",\"s\":\"\",\"sentence\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"fields\":\"\",\"menu_order\":\"\",\"embed\":\"\",\"category__in\":[],\"category__not_in\":[],\"category__and\":[],\"post__in\":[],\"post__not_in\":[],\"post_name__in\":[],\"tag__in\":[],\"tag__not_in\":[],\"tag__and\":[],\"tag_slug__in\":[],\"tag_slug__and\":[],\"post_parent__in\":[],\"post_parent__not_in\":[],\"author__in\":[],\"author__not_in\":[],\"search_columns\":[],\"ignore_sticky_posts\":false,\"suppress_filters\":false,\"cache_results\":true,\"update_post_term_cache\":true,\"update_menu_item_cache\":false,\"lazy_load_term_meta\":true,\"update_post_meta_cache\":true,\"post_type\":\"\",\"posts_per_page\":10,\"nopaging\":false,\"comments_per_page\":\"50\",\"no_found_rows\":false,\"order\":\"DESC\"}"}; </script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/ele-custom-skin/assets/js/ecs_ajax_pagination.js?ver=3.1.9" id="ecs_ajax_load-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/happy-elementor-addons/assets/vendor/dom-purify/purify.min.js?ver=3.1.6" id="dom-purify-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/ele-custom-skin/assets/js/ecs.js?ver=3.1.9" id="ecs-script-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/2189" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://ieee-pes.org/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://ieee-pes.org/?p=2189' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fieee-pes.org%2Fpublications%2Ftransactions-on-sustainable-energy%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fieee-pes.org%2Fpublications%2Ftransactions-on-sustainable-energy%2F&format=xml" /> <style type="text/css"> .feedzy-rss-link-icon:after { content: url("https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/feedzy-rss-feeds/img/external-link.png"); margin-left: 3px; } </style>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-4GKLGPGF4B"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-4GKLGPGF4B'); </script> <meta name="tec-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="tec-api-origin" content="https://ieee-pes.org"><link rel="alternate" href="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-json/tribe/events/v1/" /><meta name="generator" content="Elementor 3.25.9; features: additional_custom_breakpoints, e_optimized_control_loading; settings: css_print_method-external, google_font-enabled, font_display-auto">  <script src="https://cmp.osano.com/AzyzptTmRlqVd2LRf/1aebf1b1-9b74-4481-9f4d-65ef2b8c6a50/osano.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cookie-consent.ieee.org/ieee-cookie-banner.css" type="text/css"/>   <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K5GQMFC');</script>   <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=TAG_ID"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-4GKLGPGF4B'); </script> <script> !function(f,e,a,t,h,r){if(!f[h]){r=f[h]=function(){r.invoke? r.invoke.apply(r,arguments):r.queue.push(arguments)}, r.queue=[],r.loaded=1*new Date,r.version="1.0.0", f.FeathrBoomerang=r;var g=e.createElement(a), h=e.getElementsByTagName("head")[0]||e.getElementsByTagName("script")[0].parentNode; g.async=!0,g.src=t,h.appendChild(g)} }(window,document,"script","https://cdn.feathr.co/js/boomerang.min.js","feathr"); feathr("fly", "588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"); feathr("sprinkle", "page_view"); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(e,t,o,n,p,r,i){e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias=n;e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias]=e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias]||function(){(e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].q=e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].q||[]).push(arguments)};e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].l=(new Date).getTime();r=t.createElement("script");r.src=o;r.async=true;i=t.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];i.parentNode.insertBefore(r,i)})(window,document,"https://diffuser-cdn.app-us1.com/diffuser/diffuser.js","vgo"); vgo('setAccount', '1003055308'); vgo('setTrackByDefault', true); vgo('process'); </script> <style> .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } @media screen and (max-height: 1024px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } @media screen and (max-height: 640px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } </style> <link rel="icon" href="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/cropped-android-chrome-512x512-1-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/cropped-android-chrome-512x512-1-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/cropped-android-chrome-512x512-1-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/cropped-android-chrome-512x512-1-270x270.png" /> <style id="wp-custom-css"> /****** Font *******/ body { font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-size: 16px; color: #000000; } b, strong { font-weight: bold; } /****** Link Styles ******/ a { color: #00629B; } a:hover { text-decoration: underline; -webkit-transition: .4s; -o-transition: .4s; transition: .4s; } a:focus{ text-decoration: none; outline: thin dotted; } input:focus{ outline: thin dotted; } /******** Headlines ******/ h1, h1.elementor-heading-title { font-size: 50px; font-weight: bold; margin: 20px 0 10px; } h2, h2.elementor-heading-title, .eael-accordion-content h2 { font-size: 32px; font-weight: bold; color: #012854; margin: 20px 0 10px; } h2:after { content: ''; display: block; width: 150px; height: 1px; background: #002854; margin-top: 20px; } .white h2:after { background: #ffffff; } /**** Centering Divider on H2 ***/ .centered h2 { text-align:center; } .centered h2:after { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } h3, h3.elementor-heading-title, .elementor-kit-9 h3 { font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; margin: 20px 0 0; line-height: 25px; } h4, h4.elementor-heading-title, .eael-accordion-content h4 { font-size: 22px; font-weight: bold; margin: 20px 0 0; text-transform:uppercase; color: #012854; } h5, h5.elementor-heading-title, .eael-accordion-content h5 { font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; margin: 20px 0 0; color: #012854; line-height: 25px; } h6, h6.elementor-heading-title, .eael-accordion-content h6 { font-size: 18px; font-weight: bold; margin: 20px 0 0; } .eael-accordion-content h2, .elementor-tabs-content-wrapper h2 { margin: 30px 0 25px; } .eael-accordion-content h3, .eael-accordion-content h4, .eael-accordion-content h5, .eael-accordion-content h6, .elementor-tabs-content-wrapper h3, .elementor-tabs-content-wrapper h4, .elementor-tabs-content-wrapper h5, .elementor-tabs-content-wrapper h6 { margin: 30px 0 15px; } /****** White Font ******/ .white-font, .white-font p, .white-font span, .white-font h1, .white-font h2, .white-font h3, .white-font h4, .white-font h5, .white-font h6, .white-font a { color: #ffffff !important; } /****** bulleted lists ******/ ul, ol { padding-left: 15px; padding-bottom: 15px; } ol li ul { padding-bottom: 0; } .disclaimer, .disclaimer p, .disclaimer span { font-size: 15px; font-style: italic; } /****** Navigation ******/ .meta-nav-links p, .meta-nav-login p { margin-bottom: 0; font-size: 15px; } .pes-logo img { width: 130px; } .ieee-master-logo img { width: 100px; } .nav-search .elementor-search-form__toggle i { background-color: transparent; } .nav-social-column .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated { padding: 5px; } .main-nav-row .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated { padding-bottom: 0; } .main-menu .elementor-nav-menu li { font-weight: bold; } .elementor-nav-menu .sub-arrow { display: none !important; } .main-menu .stratum-top-menu { text-transform: uppercase; } .stratum-sub-menu.stratum-sub-mega-menu .stratum-sub-mega-menu__wrapper { box-shadow: -20px 5px 10px #00000026; } .main-menu .stratum-sub-menu, .main-menu .stratum-sub-menu p { text-transform: initial; } .main-menu .stratum-menu-item a { color: #000000; } .main-menu .stratum-menu-item a:hover, .main-menu .stratum-current_page_item a, .main-menu .stratum-current-page-ancestor a, .single-publication-item .stratum-menu-item-204 a { color: #03619a; } .main-menu .elementor-nav-menu .current-page-parent a:after, .main-menu .elementor-nav-menu .current-page-ancestor a:after, .main-menu .stratum-current-menu-item:after, .single-publication-item #stratum-menu-item-204:after { content: ""; content: ""; bottom: 0; background-color: #77bc20; height: 5px; width: 80px; opacity: 1 !important; display: block; margin: 0 auto; margin-top: -2px; } .main-menu .stratum-mega-menu-sub-menu .stratum-current-menu-item:after { display: none; } .stratum-sub-mega-menu li a:after{ background-color:transparent !important; } @media (max-width:1060px) { .main-menu .elementor-nav-menu .current-page-parent a:after, .main-menu .elementor-nav-menu .current-page-ancestor a:after, .main-menu .stratum-current-menu-item:after, .main-menu .stratum-menu-item:after { background-color:transparent !important; } } .stratum-sub-mega-menu li a { text-transform: initial; color: #000000 !important; padding: 15px 0 !important; border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; font-weight: 500; } .stratum-sub-mega-menu li a:hover { color: #03619a !important; text-decoration: none; } /** External link Menu **/ .main-menu .menu-item .fa-external-link-alt { margin-left: 10px; font-size: 15px; } .menu-inner-column h3 { font-size: 22px; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: -10px; } @media (min-width:1061px) { .transactions-second-column { margin-top: 60px; } } .main-menu .sub-menu li.menu-item { padding-top: 10px; } .main-menu .elementor-item-active { color: #06619a !important; } .main-menu .sub-menu li.menu-item a.elementor-item-active { color: #04b3e3 !important; } .main-menu .e--pointer-underline .elementor-item:after { background-color: #77bc20; height: 5px; width: 30%; left: 35%; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .meta-nav { display: none; } } /****** Nav Sticky Style ******/ .elementor-sticky--active.main-nav-bar .pes-logo img { width: 100px; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; } .elementor-sticky--active.main-nav-bar .ieee-master-logo img { width: 90px; } .elementor-sticky--active.main-nav-bar .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated { padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; } .elementor-sticky--active.main-nav-bar .main-menu, .elementor-sticky--active.main-nav-bar .search-ieee-logo-row { padding-top: 8px; } .elementor-sticky--active.main-nav-bar .stratum-sub-mega-menu__wrapper { margin-top: 6px !important; } /***** Nav Responsiveness ****/ @media (min-width:1381px) { .nav-login-column { padding-right: 25px; } } @media (max-width: 1380px) and (min-width:1025px) { .main-menu .elementor-nav-menu li a, .elementor-nav-menu--main .elementor-nav-menu a:hover { font-size: 14px; padding:0 6px 6px 6px !important; } } @media (max-width: 1024px) and (min-width: 768px) { .search-ieee-logo-row { display: none !important; } .nav-right-side { margin-top: 22px; } #mobile-nav-toggle .elementor-nav-menu--dropdown.elementor-nav-menu__container { margin-top: 34px !important; } .main-menu .elementor-nav-menu { margin-top: 10px; } } @media (max-width: 1249px) and (min-width: 992px) { .stratum-top-menu>.stratum-menu-item>.stratum-menu-item__wrapper .stratum-menu-item__link-wrapper .stratum-menu-text { font-size: 14.5px; } .stratum-top-mega-menu > .stratum-menu-item > .stratum-menu-item__wrapper { padding: 5px 8px; } } @media (max-width: 1060px) { .menu-inner-column .elementor-widget-image { display: none; } .menu-inner-column h3 { font-size: 18px; } .stratum-sub-mega-menu li a { font-size: 15px; padding: 10px 0 !important; } } @media (max-width: 767px) { .menu-inner-column { margin-bottom: 35px; } .elementor-element-5115f31.menu-inner-column { margin-bottom: 0; } .menu-inner-column h3 { margin-bottom: -25px } } @media (max-width: 767px) { .nav-left-side, .nav-right-side { width: 50% !important; } .search-ieee-logo-row { display: none !important; } .pes-logo img { width: 100px; } .nav-right-side { margin-top: 12px; } #mobile-nav-toggle .elementor-nav-menu--dropdown.elementor-nav-menu__container { margin-top: 32px !important; } .main-menu .elementor-nav-menu { margin-top: 10px; } } /****** Hamberger Menu ******/ .stratum-menu-toggle__button { font-size: 16px; } button { color: #06619a; border: 1px solid #06619a; } button:hover { background-color: #06619a; } /****** Footer ******/ .main-footer h4 { text-transform: inherit; margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: -5px; font-size: 20px; color: #ffffff; } .main-footer p { margin-bottom: 0; } .footer-ctas a { color: #ffffff; } .footer-ctas a:hover { text-decoration: none; color: #04b3e3; } .footer-column { padding-right: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px } #site-footer { display: none; } /******** Button Style ******/ .elementor-widget-button .elementor-button-link { text-transform: uppercase; font-weight: bold; font-size: 16px; color: #000000; border-radius: 25px; border: 1px solid #000000; background: #ffffff; } .elementor-widget-button .elementor-button-link:hover { text-decoration: none; background: #012953; color: #ffffff; } .masthead-button .elementor-button-link:hover { background: #066199 !important; } /******** Page Headings ******/ .page-heading-banner { padding: 10px 0; } .page-child .page-heading-banner, .single-post .page-heading-banner, .single .page-heading-banner { padding: 25px 0; } .page-heading-banner h1 { text-transform: uppercase; color: #ffffff; font-size: 34px; margin-bottom: -10px; line-height: 35px; margin-top: 0; } .page-heading-banner .breadcrumb_last { text-decoration: underline; } .page-heading-banner #breadcrumbs, .page-heading-banner #breadcrumbs a { color: #ffffff; font-size: 15px; } .page-heading-banner #breadcrumbs a:hover { color: #ffffff; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .page-heading-banner { padding: 30px 0; } .page-heading-banner h1 { font-size: 26px; line-height: 28px; } } /******** Icon Boxes ******/ .icon-box { border: 1px solid #000000; border-bottom:0; padding:0; margin: 5px; } .icon-box .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated { padding: 0; } .icon-box-content { padding: 30px 20px; } .icon-box h3 { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: -5px; } .icon-box img { width: 60px; } .icon-box .elementor-icon { border: 1px solid transparent; } .icon-box .elementor-widget-divider { position: absolute; bottom: 0; } .icon-box.no-description h3 { font-size: 21px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px; } .icon-box.no-description img { width: 90px; } .icon-box.no-description .elementor-section { padding: 10px 20px } .color-icon-box-row .icon-box { border: none; } /******** Icon Boxes Hover Style ******/ .icon-box:hover { background: #eaeaea; border: 1px solid #eaeaea; border-bottom:0; -webkit-transition: .4s; -o-transition: .4s; transition: .4s; } .icon-box:hover .elementor-icon { background-color: #012953 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; } .link-with-arrow:hover h3 { color: #06619a; } .link-with-arrow:hover .elementor-icon { background-color: #012953 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; } .link-with-arrow.colored-box:hover { background: #eaeaea; border: 1px solid #eaeaea; -webkit-transition: .4s; -o-transition: .4s; transition: .4s; } .color-icon-box-row .icon-box:hover .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated { background: #000000 !important; } .color-icon-box-row .icon-box { border: none !important; } .color-icon-box-row .icon-box:hover.no-description h3 { color: #ffffff; } .color-icon-box-row .icon-box:hover .elementor-icon { background-color: #ffffff !important; color: #000000 !important; } /******** Icon Boxes Responsiveness ******/ @media (max-width: 1025px) { .elementor-column.icon-box { width: 48%; } .icon-box-three-row .elementor-column.icon-box { width: 100%; } .icon-box-content p { font-size: 15px; } } @media (max-width: 767px) { .icon-box.no-description .right-arrow .elementor-icon-wrapper { text-align:left !important; margin-top: 15px; } .elementor-column.icon-box { width: 45%; } } /******** Colored Boxes ******/ .three-colored-boxes h3 { font-size: 22px; } /******** Links with Arrows ******/ .link-with-arrow h3 { margin-top: 0; font-size: 22px; } @media (max-width:767px) { .link-with-arrow h3 { font-size: 16px; line-height: 18px; margin-bottom: 10px; } .link-with-arrow.colored-box h3 { margin-bottom: 0; } } .link-with-arrow h3 a { width: 100%; display: block; } .link-with-arrow { border-bottom: 1px solid #000000; margin-bottom: 10px; } .link-with-arrow .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated { padding-top: 5px; padding-bottom: 5px; } .link-with-arrow.colored-box { border: 1px solid #000000; } .link-with-arrow.colored-box h3 { font-size: 18px; line-height: 22px; } .link-with-arrow.colored-box .right-arrow { margin-top: 5px; } .link-headline p { line-height: 22px; } @media (min-width: 768px) { .inner-col-two { width: 48% !important; float: left; margin-right: 1%; } } @media (max-width: 767px) { .link-with-arrow .link-headline { width: 82%; } .link-with-arrow .right-arrow { width: 18%; } .link-with-arrow-column .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated { padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; } } /******** Flagship Events ******/ .flagship-events img { height: 120px; width: auto; } /******** Magazine Feed ******/ .magazine-feed .elementor-grid-item { background: #dddddd; padding-top: 20px !important; } .magazine-feed .elementor-post__text { background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #949494; border-top: none; padding: 20px; text-align:left } .magazine-feed .elementor-post__title { font-size: 20px !important; } .magazine-feed .elementor-post__title a { color: #000000; } .magazine-feed .elementor-post__read-more { font-size: 15px !important; font-weight: 500 !important; } /****** Accordion Style ******/ .elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-title { text-align: center; border-top: 5px solid transparent !important; } .elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active, .elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-title:hover { color: #03619a; -webkit-transition: .4s; -o-transition: .4s; transition: .4s; } .elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active { border-top: 5px solid #79BC21 !important; background-color: #ffffff; } .elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-content { border: none !important; padding-bottom: 40px !important; } .elementor-widget-tabs { margin-top: -74px; } .awards-accordion .elementor-widget-tabs { margin-top: -90px; } .accordion-divider-line { margin-top: 55px; } @media (max-width: 1200px) { .accordion-divider-line { display: none; } .elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-content { border: 1px solid #000000 !important; border-top: none !important; } .elementor-widget-tabs { margin-top: 0; } } @media (max-width: 767px) { .elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-content { border-top: 1px solid #000000 !important; } .elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-title { font-weight: bold; border-top: 1px solid #000000 !important; font-size: 18px; line-height: 22px; } } /****** Single Awards Page ******/ /* .latest-award-recipient { border: 1px solid #000000; border-top: 8px solid #009da5; } */ .latest-award-recipient img { width: 200px; } .latest-award-recipient p { margin-bottom: 0; } .award-winner-headshot { border-right: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #000000; border-top: 8px solid #009da5; padding: 10px 10px 0; } .award-winner-bio { border: 1px solid #000000; border-top: none; padding: 0 10px 10px 10px; } .previous-award-winners h5 { margin-top: 0; } .previous-award-winners h5 span { text-transform: uppercase; color: #03619a; } .past-award-winner-accordion h4 { margin-bottom: 15px; } .past-award-winner-accordion .eael-adv-accordion .eael-accordion-list .eael-accordion-content { border: none; } .award-nomination-bar h3 { margin-top: 0; font-weight: 500; } .award-nomination-bar h3 span { font-weight: bold; } .award-nomination-bar img { width: 75px; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .latest-award-recipient { margin: 0 10px; } .previous-award-winners h5 { font-size: 17px; } } .eael-accordion-content { border-bottom: 1px solid #000000 !important; } /****** Vertical Tabs ******/ .elementor-tabs-view-vertical { margin-top: 0; } .elementor-tabs-view-vertical.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-title { text-align: center; border-top: 5px solid transparent !important; } .elementor-tabs-view-vertical.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active { border-left: 5px solid #79BC21 !important; background-color: #ffffff; border-top: 1px solid #000000 !important; } .elementor-tabs-view-vertical.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-desktop-title { background-color: #ffffff; border-bottom: 1px solid #b9b9b9; border-right: 1px solid #000000; border-left: 1px solid #b9b9b9; } .elementor-tabs-view-vertical.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-content { padding: 20px 35px; } .elementor-tabs-view-vertical.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tabs-wrapper { border-top: 1px solid #b3b3b3; } @media (max-width: 1200px) and (min-width:768px) { .elementor-tabs-view-vertical.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-content { border: none !important; } } @media (max-width: 767px) { .elementor-tabs-view-vertical.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-content { border-top: none !important; } .elementor-tabs-view-vertical.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active { border-top: 5px solid #79BC21 !important; border-left: 1px solid #000000 !important; } .elementor-tabs-view-vertical.elementor-widget-tabs .elementor-tab-mobile-title { background-color: #eaeaea; border-color: #b9b9b9 !important; border-width: 1px !important; } } /****** Author Kit Table ******/ .author-kit-table p { margin-bottom: 0; } .author-kit-table .elementor-widget-wrap.elementor-element-populated { padding: 5px; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .author-kit-table .table-col-left { width: 75%; } .author-kit-table .table-col-right { width: 24%; } } /****** mega menu arrow display ******/ @media (min-width:1061px) { .stratum-menu-dropdown { display: none; } } /****** board page *****/ .board-column h4 { font-size: 18px; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .board-column { width: 50% !important; } } /******homepage headline******/ @media (max-width: 767px) { .homepage-headline .mobile-hide { display: none; } } /******homepage events feed******/ .tribe-common a, .tribe-common a:active, .tribe-common a:focus, .tribe-common a:hover, .tribe-common a:visited { color: #03619A !important; } .tribe-common--breakpoint-xsmall.tribe-events-widget .tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-title { font-size: 18px !important; } .tribe-common .tribe-common-b2 { font-size: 15px !important; font-weight: 600 !important; } .tribe-events-widget .tribe-events-widget-events-list__event-date-tag-month { font-size: 15px !important; font-weight: 600 !important; } .tribe-events-widget .tribe-events-widget-events-list__view-more { display: none; } /******events posts******/ /*** Removed these h styles: class elementor-kit-9 applies to whole site, not just events, needs a more specific class ****/ /**** .elementor-kit-9 h1 { font-size: 35px; line-height: 40px; } elementor-kit-9 h2 { font-size: 24px; } *****/ /******ICX Feed******/ .conference-portfolio-icx-feed h2 { margin-bottom: 35px; } /****** Calendar ******/ .tribe-common-7 a { font-size: 18px !important; line-height: 22px !important; } .main-calendar .tooltipster-box .tribe-events-calendar-month_calendar-event-tooltip-datetime { font-size: 15px !important; } .main-calendar .tribe-events-l-container { padding-bottom: 40px !important; max-width:100% !important; padding-top: 60px !important; } .main-calendar .tribe-common.tribe-events { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } .main-calendar h3.tribe-events-calendar-month__calendar-event-title { font-size: 15px; line-height: 18px; font-weight: bold; } .main-calendar .tribe-events .tribe-events-calendar-month__calendar-event-datetime { font-size: 15px; line-height: 18px; } .main-calendar .tribe-events-c-subscribe-dropdown__button { border-radius: 25px !important; width: auto !important; } .tribe-events-c-subscribe-dropdown__button { width: 230px !important; border-radius: 25px !important; } /****** single events ******/ h1.tribe-events-single-event-title { font-size: 35px; line-height: 40px; } .tribe-events-schedule { margin: 0; } .tribe-events-schedule h2 { font-size: 20px; } @media (min-width: 768px) { .tribe-events-meta-group { width: 250px; } .tribe-events-content ol, .tribe-events-content p, .tribe-events-content ul { font-size: 16px; } .tribe-events-event-image img { margin-top: 20px; } /****** custom magazine feed ******/ .magazine-feed-pe img { width: 200px; height: auto; } @media (max-width:1024px) and (min-width:768px) { .magazine-feed-pe img { width: 150px; height: auto; } } .magazine-feed-pe .uael-post__thumbnail { text-align: center; } .magazine-feed-pe .uael-post__bg-wrap { padding: 18px; } .homepage-magazine-feed-pe .uael-post__bg-wrap { padding: 0; } .magazine-feed-pe .uael-post__footer { display: none; } .magazine-feed-pe .elementor-widget:not(:last-child) { margin-bottom: 0; } .magazine-feed-pe h3 a { color: #000000; font-size: 20px; } .magazine-feed-pe-content { background-color: #ffffff; border: 1px solid #949494; border-top: none; padding: 0 20px; text-align: left; } /****** presenter boxes ******/ .presenter-box-webinar .elementor-element-populated { border-top: 8px solid #79bd20 !important; } .presenter-box-tutorial .elementor-element-populated { border-top: 8px solid #04b3e3 !important; } .presenter-box-plain-talk .elementor-element-populated { border-top: 8px solid #04823f !important; } .presenter-box-publications .elementor-element-populated { border-top: 8px solid #039ca6 !important; } /****** Events Archive Style ******/ .post-type-archive-tribe_events .tribe-common.tribe-events, .single-tribe_events #tribe-events-pg-template { margin:0; } .post-type-archive-tribe_events .tribe-common-l-container { max-width: 100%; padding: 0 !important; } .single-tribe_events #tribe-events-pg-template { width: 100%; max-width: 100%; padding: 0; } .single-tribe_events #tribe-events-content { max-width: 1400px; margin: 60px auto; } .post-type-archive-tribe_events .page-heading-banner { padding: 60px 0; } .post-type-archive-tribe_events .page-heading-banner #breadcrumbs a { color: #ffffff !important; } .post-type-archive-tribe_events .page-heading-banner #breadcrumbs a:hover { text-decoration: underline !important; } .tribe-events-c-subscribe-dropdown__button { width: 250px !important; } .tribe-events-header, .tribe-events-calendar-month, .tribe-events-c-subscribe-dropdown__container, .tribe-events-calendar-list, .tribe-events-calendar-day, .tribe-events-calendar-day-nav, .tribe-events-calendar-list-nav { max-width: 1400px; margin: 0 auto !important; } .single-tribe_events .tribe-events-c-subscribe-dropdown__container { margin: 0 !important; } @media (max-width:1450px) { .tribe-events-header, .tribe-events-calendar-month, .tribe-events-c-subscribe-dropdown__container, .tribe-events-calendar-list, .tribe-events-calendar-day, .tribe-events-calendar-day-nav, .tribe-events-calendar-list-nav, .single-tribe_events .tribe-events-c-subscribe-dropdown__container { margin: 0 25px !important; } .single-tribe_events #tribe-events-content { margin: 45px 25px !important; } } .calendar-cta-bar a { padding: 12px 24px !important; } .calendar-cta-bar a:hover { color: #ffffff; } h4.event-calendar-intro { font-weight: bold; text-align: center; padding: 60px 25px; max-width: 900px; margin: 0 auto; } .single-tribe_events h4.event-calendar-intro { display: none; } .tribe-filter-bar .tribe-filter-bar-c-pill--button .tribe-filter-bar-c-pill__pill:focus, .tribe-filter-bar .tribe-filter-bar-c-pill--button .tribe-filter-bar-c-pill__pill:hover { border-color: #0a6199; background: #066199 !important; } .tribe-events .tribe-events-c-top-bar__datepicker-button:focus, .tribe-events .tribe-events-c-top-bar__datepicker-button:hover { color: #066199; opacity: 1; } /**** Awards Accordion ****/ .awards-accordion .eael-tab-title { margin-left: 0; line-height: 18px !important; } .awards-accordion .eael-advance-tabs .eael-tabs-nav > ul li { padding: 18px 20px; -webkit-box-flex: inherit; -ms-flex: inherit; flex: inherit; } .awards-accordion .eael-tab-item-trigger.active { padding: 16px 20px !important; color: #066199 !important; } @media (min-width:1200px) { .awards-accordion { margin-top: -85px; } } @media (max-width: 1199px) and (min-width: 992px) { .awards-accordion .eael-advance-tabs .eael-tabs-nav > ul li { font-size: 15px; padding: 15px 12px !important; } } @media (max-width: 991px) and (min-width: 768px) { .awards-accordion .eael-advance-tabs .eael-tabs-nav > ul li { font-size: 14px; padding: 10px 10px !important; } } .eael-adv-accordion { border-bottom: 0px !important; } /**** Member Profile Image ****/ .member-profile-image img { width:300px; } /**** Announcement Bar ****/ .home-announcement-bar p { margin-bottom: 0; font-size: 18px; } .home-announcement-bar a { color: #012854; text-decoration: underline; } .home-announcement-bar a:hover { color: #00629B; } /**** ICX API Classes ****/ table.icx { } tr.icx { } th.icx { font-weight:bold; } td.icx { } .icx-location { } .icx-date { } .icx-title { font-weight:bold; } .icx-year { font-weight:bold; } .icx-month { font-weight:bold; } .icx-link { } .icx-website { } .icx-format { } /**** GRAVITY FORMS BASIC CSS ****/ body .gform_wrapper .gform_footer input.button, body .gform_wrapper .gform_footer input[type=submit] { color:#000; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase; padding-top:12px; padding-bottom:12px; padding-left:24px; padding-right:24px; border: 1px solid #000000; border-radius: 25px; -moz-border-radius: 25px; -webkit-border-radius: 25px; box-shadow: 0 1px 0px rgba(114,114,114,0.3); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 0px rgba(114,114,114,0.3); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 0px rgba(114,114,114,0.3); background-color: #fff; } /**** GRAVITY FORMS HOVER CSS ****/ body .gform_wrapper .gform_footer input[type=submit]:hover { border: 1px solid rgba(114,114,114,0.6); background-color: #205f92; color:#fff; } </style> </head> <body class="page-template-default page page-id-2189 page-parent page-child parent-pageid-200 wp-custom-logo tribe-no-js elementor-default elementor-kit-9 elementor-page elementor-page-2189">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-K5GQMFC" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <div data-elementor-type="header" data-elementor-id="62" class="elementor elementor-62 elementor-location-header" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-73767b9 meta-nav elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="73767b9" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6a76a9d" data-id="6a76a9d" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-e9fcc6a elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="e9fcc6a" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c8f05fe meta-nav-column" data-id="c8f05fe" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5a756fe meta-nav-links elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="5a756fe" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="color: #ffffff;"><a style="color: #ffffff;" href="http://www.ieee.org/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">IEEE.org</a> | <a style="color: #ffffff;" href="http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">IEEE <i>Xplore</i> Digital Library</a> | <a style="color: #ffffff;" href="http://standards.ieee.org/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">IEEE Standards</a> | <a style="color: #ffffff;" href="http://spectrum.ieee.org/" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">IEEE Spectrum</a> | <a style="color: #ffffff;" href="http://www.ieee.org/sitemap" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">More Sites</a></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b20eed1 nav-social-column" data-id="b20eed1" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-081b595 nav-social e-grid-align-right e-grid-align-tablet-right elementor-shape-rounded elementor-grid-0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-social-icons" data-id="081b595" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="social-icons.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-social-icons-wrapper elementor-grid"> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-facebook icon elementor-repeater-item-17d8d8c" href="https://www.facebook.com/ieeePES" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Facebook Icon</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:svgjs="http://svgjs.com/svgjs" width="512" height="512" x="0" y="0" viewBox="0 0 155.139 155.139" style="enable-background:new 0 0 512 512" xml:space="preserve" class=""><g><g> <path id="f_1_" style="" d="M89.584,155.139V84.378h23.742l3.562-27.585H89.584V39.184 c0-7.984,2.208-13.425,13.67-13.425l14.595-0.006V1.08C115.325,0.752,106.661,0,96.577,0C75.52,0,61.104,12.853,61.104,36.452 v20.341H37.29v27.585h23.814v70.761H89.584z" fill="#ffffff" data-original="#010002" class=""></path></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g><g></g></g></svg> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-X, formerly know as Twitter elementor-repeater-item-9b291b0" href="https://twitter.com/ieee_pes" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">X, Formerly Know As Twitter</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1200" height="1227" viewBox="0 0 1200 1227" fill="none"><path d="M714.163 519.284L1160.89 0H1055.03L667.137 450.887L357.328 0H0L468.492 681.821L0 1226.37H105.866L515.491 750.218L842.672 1226.37H1200L714.137 519.284H714.163ZM569.165 687.828L521.697 619.934L144.011 79.6944H306.615L611.412 515.685L658.88 583.579L1055.08 1150.3H892.476L569.165 687.854V687.828Z" fill="white"></path></svg> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-linkedin icon elementor-repeater-item-c40a0b8" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ieeepes/" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Linkedin Icon</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:svgjs="http://svgjs.com/svgjs" width="512" height="512" x="0" y="0" viewBox="0 0 100 100" style="enable-background:new 0 0 512 512" xml:space="preserve"><g><g id="_x31_0.Linkedin"><path d="m90 90v-29.3c0-14.4-3.1-25.4-19.9-25.4-8.1 0-13.5 4.4-15.7 8.6h-.2v-7.3h-15.9v53.4h16.6v-26.5c0-7 1.3-13.7 9.9-13.7 8.5 0 8.6 7.9 8.6 14.1v26h16.6z" fill="#ffffff" data-original="#000000"></path><path d="m11.3 36.6h16.6v53.4h-16.6z" fill="#ffffff" data-original="#000000"></path><path d="m19.6 10c-5.3 0-9.6 4.3-9.6 9.6s4.3 9.7 9.6 9.7 9.6-4.4 9.6-9.7-4.3-9.6-9.6-9.6z" fill="#ffffff" data-original="#000000"></path></g></g></svg> </a> </span> <span class="elementor-grid-item"> <a class="elementor-icon elementor-social-icon elementor-social-icon-youtube elementor-repeater-item-81e2521" href="https://www.youtube.com/ieeepes" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Youtube</span> <i class="fab fa-youtube"></i> </a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fe3cfe nav-login-column" data-id="5fe3cfe" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-94d4cec meta-nav-login elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="94d4cec" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <span style="color: #ffffff;"><a style="color: #ffffff;" href="https://www.ieee.org/membership/join/more-visibility.html?gclid=Cj0KCQiA_bieBhDSARIsADU4zLfi-UaTFK3QbJ5blbx0eQjElM7z4IJs8sWbO4JV5Vpaj8WWAmUsbR4aAvgQEALw_wcB" target="_blank">Join IEEE</a>  </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-108828c main-nav-bar elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="108828c" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","sticky":"top","_ha_eqh_enable":false,"sticky_on":["desktop","laptop","tablet","mobile"],"sticky_offset":0,"sticky_effects_offset":0,"sticky_anchor_link_offset":0}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c77166b nav-left-side" data-id="c77166b" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7f5917a pes-logo elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-site-logo elementor-widget-image" data-id="7f5917a" data-element_type="widget" role="PES" data-widget_type="theme-site-logo.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="https://ieee-pes.org"> <img fetchpriority="high" width="267" height="199" src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/ieee-pes-logo.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-90" alt="ieee pes logo" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e11d6e5 nav-right-side" data-id="e11d6e5" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e0fcf2 search-ieee-logo-row elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="7e0fcf2" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c879492" data-id="c879492" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap"> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d1bd36e" data-id="d1bd36e" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d36562f nav-search elementor-search-form--skin-classic elementor-search-form--button-type-icon elementor-search-form--icon-search elementor-widget elementor-widget-search-form" data-id="d36562f" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"skin":"classic"}" aria-label="Search Box" data-widget_type="search-form.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <search role="search"> <form class="elementor-search-form" action="https://ieee-pes.org" method="get"> <div class="elementor-search-form__container"> <label class="elementor-screen-only" for="elementor-search-form-d36562f">Search</label> <input id="elementor-search-form-d36562f" placeholder="Search this website" class="elementor-search-form__input" type="search" name="s" value=""> <button class="elementor-search-form__submit" type="submit" aria-label="Search"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fas fa-search"></i> <span class="elementor-screen-only">Search</span> </button> </div> </form> </search> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b0b0393" data-id="b0b0393" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8113ae6 ieee-master-logo elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="8113ae6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="https://www.ieee.org/" target="_blank"> <img width="217" height="85" src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/ieee-black-logo.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-83" alt="ieee master logo" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ae0f380 stratum-menu-animation-none stratum-menu-aligment-flex-end main-menu stratum-mega-menu-layout-horizontal stratum-menu-dropdown-ha-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-stratum-menu-mega-menu" data-id="ae0f380" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="stratum-menu-mega-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="stratum-mega-menu stratum-mega-menu-full-width stratum-menu-is-collapsable"><div class="stratum-menu-toggle stratum-mega-menu-toggle"><button class="stratum-menu-toggle__button"><span class="stratum-menu-toggle__icon"><i class="icon fas fa-bars"></i></span><span class="stratum-menu-toggle__text">Menu</span></button></div><div class="stratum-menu-container"><div class="stratum-menu-toggle stratum-mega-menu-toggle is-opened"><button class="stratum-menu-toggle__button"><span class="stratum-menu-toggle__icon"><i class="icon fas fa-times"></i></span><span class="stratum-menu-toggle__text">Close</span></button></div><div class="stratum-menu-wrapper"><div class="stratum-menu-items"><ul class="stratum-top-menu stratum-top-mega-menu"><li id="stratum-menu-item-182" class="stratum-menu-item stratum-menu-item-type-post_type stratum-menu-item-object-page stratum-mega-menu-item stratum-menu-item-has-children stratum-menu-item-182"><div class="stratum-menu-item__wrapper"><div class="stratum-menu-item__link-wrapper"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/" class="stratum-menu-item__link top-level-link mega-menu-enable"><span class="stratum-menu-text" >About</span></a></div><button class="stratum-menu-dropdown"><i class="icon fa fa-angle-down"></i></button></div><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu stratum-sub-menu stratum-mega-menu-sub-menu" data-template-id="1875"><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu__wrapper"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="1875" class="elementor elementor-1875" data-elementor-post-type="stratum-menu"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9b8a2c1 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="9b8a2c1" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-242626f" data-id="242626f" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-719b4f9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="719b4f9" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-b4762dc menu-inner-column" data-id="b4762dc" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b5d290e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="b5d290e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About PES</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7e89e6f elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="7e89e6f" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-7e89e6f" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1877"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/" class="elementor-item">About IEEE PES</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1878"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/mission-vision/" class="elementor-item">Mission & Vision</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1879"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/diversity-inclusion/" class="elementor-item">Diversity, Equity and Inclusion</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2716"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/history/" class="elementor-item">History</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2942"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/awards-scholarships/" class="elementor-item">Awards & Scholarships</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2349"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/philanthropic-support/" class="elementor-item">Philanthropic Support</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1884"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/governing-documents/" class="elementor-item">Governing Documents</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-7e89e6f" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1877"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">About IEEE PES</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1878"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/mission-vision/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Mission & Vision</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1879"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/diversity-inclusion/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Diversity, Equity and Inclusion</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2716"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/history/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">History</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2942"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/awards-scholarships/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Awards & Scholarships</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2349"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/philanthropic-support/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Philanthropic Support</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1884"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/governing-documents/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Governing Documents</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-503f0f3 menu-inner-column" data-id="503f0f3" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-be45392 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="be45392" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Leadership</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d305bc7 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="d305bc7" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-d305bc7" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4701"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/2024-governing-board/" class="elementor-item">Governing Board</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1886"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/staff/" class="elementor-item">Staff</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3578"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/ieee-pes-executive-advisory-council/" class="elementor-item">PES Executive Advisory Council (EAC)</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3579"><a class="elementor-item">PES Global Industry Stakeholders Advisory Board (GISAB) – coming soon</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-d305bc7" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4701"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/2024-governing-board/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Governing Board</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1886"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/staff/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Staff</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3578"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/ieee-pes-executive-advisory-council/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">PES Executive Advisory Council (EAC)</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3579"><a class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">PES Global Industry Stakeholders Advisory Board (GISAB) – coming soon</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d1828d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="d1828d7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Committees & Communities</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-9b8fbf3 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="9b8fbf3" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-9b8fbf3" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2770"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/society-committees/" class="elementor-item">Society Committees</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2768"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/ieee-communities-councils/" class="elementor-item">IEEE Communities & Councils</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2772"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/liaisons-representatives/" class="elementor-item">Liaisons & Representatives</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-9b8fbf3" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2770"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/society-committees/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Society Committees</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2768"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/ieee-communities-councils/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">IEEE Communities & Councils</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2772"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/liaisons-representatives/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Liaisons & Representatives</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-8b3ecb8 menu-inner-column" data-id="8b3ecb8" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5afec49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="5afec49" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Outreach</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3da3a3d elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="3da3a3d" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-3da3a3d" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3144"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/newsroom/" class="elementor-item">Newsroom</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3145"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/strategic-partnerships/" class="elementor-item">Strategic Partnerships</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3146"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/sister-societies/" class="elementor-item">IEEE PES Sister Societies</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3143"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/member-profiles/" class="elementor-item">Member Profiles</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5032"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/ieee-young-professionals/" class="elementor-item">IEEE PES Young Professionals</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5130"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/climate-change/" class="elementor-item">Climate Change</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5031"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/pes-day/" class="elementor-item">PES Day</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5437"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/women-in-power/" class="elementor-item">Women in Power</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-3da3a3d" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3144"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/newsroom/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Newsroom</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3145"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/strategic-partnerships/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Strategic Partnerships</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3146"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/sister-societies/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">IEEE PES Sister Societies</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3143"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/member-profiles/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Member Profiles</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5032"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/ieee-young-professionals/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">IEEE PES Young Professionals</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5130"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/climate-change/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Climate Change</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5031"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/pes-day/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">PES Day</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-5437"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/about-pes/women-in-power/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Women in Power</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac45679 menu-inner-column" data-id="ac45679" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d646f28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="d646f28" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img width="372" height="398" src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/about-icon-awards.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-233" alt="about icon awards" srcset="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/about-icon-awards.png 372w, https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/about-icon-awards-280x300.png 280w" sizes="(max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px" /> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-53ee305 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="53ee305" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">IEEE PES Awards & Scholarships</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-390be77 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="390be77" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Every year we are proud to recognize leading engineers with distinct awards and honors and to offer scholarships to cultivate the next generation of power and energy professionals.</span></p><p><a href="/about-pes/awards-scholarships/" rel="noopener">View All Awards > </a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div></div></li><li id="stratum-menu-item-199" class="stratum-menu-item stratum-menu-item-type-post_type stratum-menu-item-object-page stratum-mega-menu-item stratum-menu-item-has-children stratum-menu-item-199"><div class="stratum-menu-item__wrapper"><div class="stratum-menu-item__link-wrapper"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/" class="stratum-menu-item__link top-level-link mega-menu-enable"><span class="stratum-menu-text" >Membership & Chapters</span></a></div><button class="stratum-menu-dropdown"><i class="icon fa fa-angle-down"></i></button></div><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu stratum-sub-menu stratum-mega-menu-sub-menu" data-template-id="1045"><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu__wrapper"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="1045" class="elementor elementor-1045" data-elementor-post-type="stratum-menu"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-91c83b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="91c83b" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-47ce386f" data-id="47ce386f" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-47ba579a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="47ba579a" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-729eac6f menu-inner-column" data-id="729eac6f" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-15bae1b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="15bae1b5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About Membership</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fc9d3d2 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="fc9d3d2" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-fc9d3d2" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1850"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/" class="elementor-item">Membership Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1195"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/membership-catalog/productdetail/showProductDetailPage.html?product=MEMPE031&refProd=MEMPE031" class="elementor-item">Join the Society <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1196"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/membership/renew.html" class="elementor-item">Renew Your Membership <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4580"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/membership-benefits-grades/" class="elementor-item">Membership Benefits & Grades</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3134"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/student-members/" class="elementor-item">Student Membership</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-fc9d3d2" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1850"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Membership Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1195"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/membership-catalog/productdetail/showProductDetailPage.html?product=MEMPE031&refProd=MEMPE031" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Join the Society <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1196"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/membership/renew.html" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Renew Your Membership <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-4580"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/membership-benefits-grades/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Membership Benefits & Grades</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3134"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/student-members/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Student Membership</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3ad892c0 menu-inner-column" data-id="3ad892c0" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-20294cac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="20294cac" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Membership Programs</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1ffcb98 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="1ffcb98" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-1ffcb98" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2676"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/corporate-engagement-program/" class="elementor-item">Corporate Engagement Program</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2789"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/distinguished-lecturer-program/" class="elementor-item">Distinguished Lecturer Program</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1862"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/member-driven-initiatives/" class="elementor-item">Member-Driven Initiatives</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2617"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/pes-scholarship-plus-initiative/" class="elementor-item">PES Scholarship Plus Initiative</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2717"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/ieee-pes-mentorship-program/" class="elementor-item">Mentorship Program</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3977"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/workforce-initiative/" class="elementor-item">Workforce Initiative</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-1ffcb98" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2676"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/corporate-engagement-program/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Corporate Engagement Program</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2789"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/distinguished-lecturer-program/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Distinguished Lecturer Program</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1862"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/member-driven-initiatives/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Member-Driven Initiatives</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2617"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/pes-scholarship-plus-initiative/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">PES Scholarship Plus Initiative</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2717"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/ieee-pes-mentorship-program/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Mentorship Program</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3977"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/workforce-initiative/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Workforce Initiative</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-21c49f31 menu-inner-column" data-id="21c49f31" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-26a73312 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="26a73312" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Chapters</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7bd982a elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="7bd982a" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-7bd982a" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2575"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/chapters-overview/" class="elementor-item">Chapters Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2363"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/chapter-locator/" class="elementor-item">Chapter Locator</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2914"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/chapter-resources/" class="elementor-item">Chapter Resources</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-7bd982a" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2575"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/chapters-overview/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Chapters Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2363"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/chapter-locator/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Chapter Locator</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2914"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/chapter-resources/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Chapter Resources</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-dfe3eaf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="dfe3eaf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Member Support Tools</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0229d1b elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="0229d1b" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-0229d1b" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2912"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/volunteer-resources/" class="elementor-item">Volunteer Resources</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2221"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/chapters-faqs/" class="elementor-item">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-0229d1b" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2912"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/volunteer-resources/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Volunteer Resources</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2221"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/membership-chapters/chapters-faqs/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-78f15538 menu-inner-column" data-id="78f15538" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2c042548 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="2c042548" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img loading="lazy" width="372" height="372" src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/homepage-icon-join.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-353" alt="homepage icon join" srcset="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/homepage-icon-join.png 372w, https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/homepage-icon-join-300x300.png 300w, https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/homepage-icon-join-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px" /> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7506bd05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="7506bd05" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Become A PES Member</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1335c5aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="1335c5aa" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>You’re invited to join the leading global network of +42k power and energy students and professionals.</p><p><a href="https://www.ieee.org/membership/join/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Get Started Today <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div></div></li><li id="stratum-menu-item-203" class="stratum-menu-item stratum-menu-item-type-post_type stratum-menu-item-object-page stratum-mega-menu-item stratum-menu-item-has-children stratum-menu-item-203"><div class="stratum-menu-item__wrapper"><div class="stratum-menu-item__link-wrapper"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/" class="stratum-menu-item__link top-level-link mega-menu-enable"><span class="stratum-menu-text" >Technical Activities</span></a></div><button class="stratum-menu-dropdown"><i class="icon fa fa-angle-down"></i></button></div><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu stratum-sub-menu stratum-mega-menu-sub-menu" data-template-id="1897"><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu__wrapper"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="1897" class="elementor elementor-1897" data-elementor-post-type="stratum-menu"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a65c43e elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="a65c43e" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8942b5a" data-id="8942b5a" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-1008567 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="1008567" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d712ee9 menu-inner-column" data-id="d712ee9" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fd14267 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="fd14267" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Technical Activities</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-549810f elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="549810f" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-549810f" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1900"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/" class="elementor-item">Technical Activities Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1901"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/technical-council/" class="elementor-item">Technical Council</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1902"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/committees/" class="elementor-item">Committees of the Technical Council</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2547"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/technical-council-statement-of-purpose-and-scope/" class="elementor-item">Statement of Purpose & Scope</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1903"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/resources/" class="elementor-item">Resources for Technical Committees</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-549810f" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1900"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Technical Activities Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1901"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/technical-council/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Technical Council</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1902"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/committees/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Committees of the Technical Council</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2547"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/technical-council-statement-of-purpose-and-scope/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Statement of Purpose & Scope</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1903"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/resources/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Resources for Technical Committees</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ce6406c menu-inner-column" data-id="ce6406c" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7cbe6dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="7cbe6dc" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Standards</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-69feb1b elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="69feb1b" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-69feb1b" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1981"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/standards/" class="elementor-item">Standards Process</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1906"><a href="/technical-activities/#recent" class="elementor-item elementor-item-anchor">Active & Standards in Development</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-69feb1b" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1981"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/standards/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Standards Process</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1906"><a href="/technical-activities/#recent" class="elementor-item elementor-item-anchor" tabindex="-1">Active & Standards in Development</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cf0705b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="cf0705b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Technical Reports</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-bc6d043 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="bc6d043" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-bc6d043" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1983"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/technical-reports/" class="elementor-item">Technical Reports</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1910"><a target="_blank" href="https://resourcecenter.ieee-pes.org/publications/technical-reports.html" class="elementor-item">Recently Published Technical Reports <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-bc6d043" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1983"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/technical-reports/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Technical Reports</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1910"><a target="_blank" href="https://resourcecenter.ieee-pes.org/publications/technical-reports.html" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Recently Published Technical Reports <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f882e7 menu-inner-column" data-id="4f882e7" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-fb30c81 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="fb30c81" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Trending Technologies</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-08b20cf elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="08b20cf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-15881aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="15881aa" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Latest Posts:</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ba5aa05 elementor-grid-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-none post-feed elementor-grid-tablet-1 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts" data-id="ba5aa05" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"classic_columns":"1","classic_row_gap":{"unit":"px","size":17,"sizes":[]},"classic_columns_tablet":"1","classic_columns_mobile":"1","classic_row_gap_laptop":{"unit":"px","size":"","sizes":[]},"classic_row_gap_tablet":{"unit":"px","size":"","sizes":[]},"classic_row_gap_mobile":{"unit":"px","size":"","sizes":[]}}" data-widget_type="posts.classic"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid"> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-5863 trending-tech type-trending-tech status-publish hentry trendingtechnologies_categories-351"> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <p class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://ieee-pes.org/trending-tech/substations-for-community-acceptance-and-environmental-compatibility/" > Substations for Community Acceptance and Environmental Compatibility </a> </p> </div> </article> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-5769 trending-tech type-trending-tech status-publish hentry trendingtechnologies_categories-351"> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <p class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://ieee-pes.org/trending-tech/synchro-waveforms-a-new-era-of-power-systems-monitoring-and-situational-awareness/" > Synchro-Waveforms: a new era of power systems monitoring and situational awareness </a> </p> </div> </article> <article class="elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-5577 trending-tech type-trending-tech status-publish hentry trendingtechnologies_categories-351"> <div class="elementor-post__text"> <p class="elementor-post__title"> <a href="https://ieee-pes.org/trending-tech/risk-informed-standard-for-nuclear-power-plants/" > Risk-Informed Standard for Nuclear Power Plants </a> </p> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-db5f34b elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider" data-id="db5f34b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="divider.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-divider"> <span class="elementor-divider-separator"> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d38485f elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="d38485f" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-d38485f" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2237"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/trending-technologies/" class="elementor-item">View All Trending Technologies</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-d38485f" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2237"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/technical-activities/trending-technologies/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">View All Trending Technologies</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-16a4ced menu-inner-column" data-id="16a4ced" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5136818 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="5136818" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img loading="lazy" width="372" height="398" src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/icon-calendar.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1911" alt="icon calendar" srcset="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/icon-calendar.png 372w, https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/icon-calendar-280x300.png 280w" sizes="(max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px" /> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8deaa19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="8deaa19" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Upcoming Committee Meetings</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-845d2cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="845d2cb" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>Visit our calendar for information on upcoming technical committee meetings.</p><p><a href="/calendar/" rel="noopener">Calendar of Events > </a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div></div></li><li id="stratum-menu-item-195" class="stratum-menu-item stratum-menu-item-type-post_type stratum-menu-item-object-page stratum-mega-menu-item stratum-menu-item-has-children stratum-menu-item-195"><div class="stratum-menu-item__wrapper"><div class="stratum-menu-item__link-wrapper"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/conferences-meetings/" class="stratum-menu-item__link top-level-link mega-menu-enable"><span class="stratum-menu-text" >Conferences & Meetings</span></a></div><button class="stratum-menu-dropdown"><i class="icon fa fa-angle-down"></i></button></div><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu stratum-sub-menu stratum-mega-menu-sub-menu" data-template-id="1920"><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu__wrapper"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="1920" class="elementor elementor-1920" data-elementor-post-type="stratum-menu"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-359d35b elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="359d35b" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-58ec31f" data-id="58ec31f" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-69b5060 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="69b5060" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-412250e menu-inner-column" data-id="412250e" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8ee92f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="8ee92f4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About Conferences & Meetings</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6566355 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="6566355" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-6566355" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1924"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/conferences-meetings/" class="elementor-item">Conferences & Meetings</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2000"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/conferences-meetings/conferences-portfolio/" class="elementor-item">Portfolio of Conferences</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3021"><a href="/calendar" class="elementor-item">Calendar</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-6566355" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1924"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/conferences-meetings/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Conferences & Meetings</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2000"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/conferences-meetings/conferences-portfolio/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Portfolio of Conferences</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3021"><a href="/calendar" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Calendar</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-d4e5987 menu-inner-column" data-id="d4e5987" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7332ab8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="7332ab8" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Papers, Participation & Proposals</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-71429fa elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="71429fa" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-71429fa" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2491"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/conferences-meetings/calls-for-papers/" class="elementor-item">Open Call for Papers & Participation</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2808"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/conferences-meetings/calls-for-proposals/" class="elementor-item">Open Call for Proposals</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1929"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/authors-kit/" class="elementor-item">PES Author’s Kit</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-71429fa" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2491"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/conferences-meetings/calls-for-papers/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Open Call for Papers & Participation</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2808"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/conferences-meetings/calls-for-proposals/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Open Call for Proposals</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1929"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/authors-kit/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">PES Author’s Kit</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3cf1af7 menu-inner-column" data-id="3cf1af7" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8759c2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="8759c2e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img loading="lazy" width="372" height="398" src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/about-icon-mission-vision.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1587" alt="about icon mission vision" srcset="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/about-icon-mission-vision.png 372w, https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/about-icon-mission-vision-280x300.png 280w" sizes="(max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px" /> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b1789a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="b1789a1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Event Sponsorship & Exhibitor Opportunities </h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7563608 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7563608" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>With over 30 PES global events annually, we offer many sponsorship opportunities. </p><p><a href="/conferences-meetings/conference-sponsorship-opportunities/" rel="noopener">Support IEEE PES ></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div></div></li><li id="stratum-menu-item-204" class="stratum-menu-item stratum-menu-item-type-post_type stratum-menu-item-object-page stratum-current-page-ancestor stratum-mega-menu-item stratum-menu-item-has-children stratum-current-menu-item stratum-menu-item-204"><div class="stratum-menu-item__wrapper"><div class="stratum-menu-item__link-wrapper"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/" class="stratum-menu-item__link top-level-link mega-menu-enable"><span class="stratum-menu-text" >Publications</span></a></div><button class="stratum-menu-dropdown"><i class="icon fa fa-angle-down"></i></button></div><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu stratum-sub-menu stratum-mega-menu-sub-menu" data-template-id="1930"><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu__wrapper"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="1930" class="elementor elementor-1930" data-elementor-post-type="stratum-menu"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1f63795 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="1f63795" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4a7bb66" data-id="4a7bb66" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-ffa3ab5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="ffa3ab5" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-7d53c19 menu-inner-column" data-id="7d53c19" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6be3b3d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="6be3b3d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About Publications</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-97d0510 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="97d0510" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-97d0510" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor menu-item-1931"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/" class="elementor-item">Publications Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2600"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/pes-publications-board/" class="elementor-item">PES Publications Board</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1952"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/authors-kit/" class="elementor-item">PES Author’s Kit</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2916"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions/" class="elementor-item">Transactions Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2813"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/calls-for-transactions/" class="elementor-item">Open Call For Special Section Transactions</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-97d0510" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-page-ancestor menu-item-1931"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Publications Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2600"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/pes-publications-board/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">PES Publications Board</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1952"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/authors-kit/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">PES Author’s Kit</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2916"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Transactions Overview</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2813"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/calls-for-transactions/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Open Call For Special Section Transactions</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-38c89d8 menu-inner-column" data-id="38c89d8" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6912a38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="6912a38" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Magazines</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b5c287c elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="b5c287c" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-b5c287c" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-publication-item menu-item-1937"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publication-item/electrification-magazine/" class="elementor-item">Electrification Magazine</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-publication-item menu-item-3135"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publication-item/power-energy-magazine/" class="elementor-item">Power & Energy Magazine</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1936"><a target="_blank" href="/publication-item/power-energy-magazine-spanish/" class="elementor-item">Power & Energy Magazine in Spanish</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2917"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.officialmediaguide.com/eei/" class="elementor-item">Advertise in an IEEE Magazine <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-b5c287c" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-publication-item menu-item-1937"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publication-item/electrification-magazine/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Electrification Magazine</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-publication-item menu-item-3135"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publication-item/power-energy-magazine/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Power & Energy Magazine</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-1936"><a target="_blank" href="/publication-item/power-energy-magazine-spanish/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Power & Energy Magazine in Spanish</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2917"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.officialmediaguide.com/eei/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Advertise in an IEEE Magazine <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-5115f31 menu-inner-column" data-id="5115f31" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1ced7bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="1ced7bf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Journals & Transactions</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cbb4410 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="cbb4410" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-cbb4410" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2530"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/pes-letters/" class="elementor-item">PES Letters</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2510"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/open-access-journal-of-power-and-energy/" class="elementor-item">Open Access Journal of Power and Energy (OAJPE)</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2121"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-energy-conversion/" class="elementor-item">Transactions on Energy Conversion</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2202"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-energy-markets-policy-and-regulation/" class="elementor-item">Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-cbb4410" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2530"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/pes-letters/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">PES Letters</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2510"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/open-access-journal-of-power-and-energy/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Open Access Journal of Power and Energy (OAJPE)</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2121"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-energy-conversion/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Transactions on Energy Conversion</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2202"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-energy-markets-policy-and-regulation/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-abe8408 menu-inner-column transactions-second-column" data-id="abe8408" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d8b8d85 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="d8b8d85" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-d8b8d85" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2206"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-power-delivery/" class="elementor-item">Transactions on Power Delivery</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2205"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-power-systems/" class="elementor-item">Transactions on Power Systems</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2204"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-smart-grid/" class="elementor-item">Transactions on Smart Grid</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-2189 current_page_item menu-item-2203"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-sustainable-energy/" aria-current="page" class="elementor-item elementor-item-active">Transactions on Sustainable Energy</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-d8b8d85" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2206"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-power-delivery/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Transactions on Power Delivery</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2205"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-power-systems/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Transactions on Power Systems</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2204"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-smart-grid/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Transactions on Smart Grid</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page current-menu-item page_item page-item-2189 current_page_item menu-item-2203"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/transactions-on-sustainable-energy/" aria-current="page" class="elementor-item elementor-item-active" tabindex="-1">Transactions on Sustainable Energy</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div></div></li><li id="stratum-menu-item-197" class="stratum-menu-item stratum-menu-item-type-post_type stratum-menu-item-object-page stratum-mega-menu-item stratum-menu-item-has-children stratum-menu-item-197"><div class="stratum-menu-item__wrapper"><div class="stratum-menu-item__link-wrapper"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/" class="stratum-menu-item__link top-level-link mega-menu-enable"><span class="stratum-menu-text" >Education</span></a></div><button class="stratum-menu-dropdown"><i class="icon fa fa-angle-down"></i></button></div><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu stratum-sub-menu stratum-mega-menu-sub-menu" data-template-id="1960"><div class="stratum-sub-mega-menu__wrapper"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="1960" class="elementor elementor-1960" data-elementor-post-type="stratum-menu"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3258305 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="3258305" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5aa0dd0" data-id="5aa0dd0" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6cbe940 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="6cbe940" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a037512 menu-inner-column" data-id="a037512" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7a67556 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="7a67556" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Education Overview & Resources</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5f3bab0 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="5f3bab0" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-5f3bab0" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1961"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/" class="elementor-item">Education</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3022"><a href="/calendar/month/?tribe_eventcategory%5B0%5D=71&tribe_eventcategory%5B1%5D=47" class="elementor-item">Upcoming Live Educational Opportunities</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2068"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/continuing-education-explained/" class="elementor-item">Continuing Education Explained</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2481"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/affiliate-pes-educational-products/" class="elementor-item">Affiliate PES Educational Products</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2064"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/learning-types/" class="elementor-item">Learning Types</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-5f3bab0" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1961"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Education</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3022"><a href="/calendar/month/?tribe_eventcategory%5B0%5D=71&tribe_eventcategory%5B1%5D=47" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Upcoming Live Educational Opportunities</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2068"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/continuing-education-explained/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Continuing Education Explained</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2481"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/affiliate-pes-educational-products/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Affiliate PES Educational Products</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2064"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/learning-types/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Learning Types</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-00e05a4 menu-inner-column" data-id="00e05a4" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-567aca1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="567aca1" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">About PES University</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7da4405 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="7da4405" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"vertical","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-underline e--animation-fade"> <ul id="menu-1-7da4405" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1966"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/" class="elementor-item">PES University</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1968"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/webinars/" class="elementor-item">Webinars</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2642"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/plain-talk/" class="elementor-item">Plain Talk About The Electric Power Industry</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2824"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/tutorials/" class="elementor-item">Tutorials</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2866"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/current-open-call-for-tutorials/" class="elementor-item">Current Open Call For Tutorials</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2099"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/presenter-resources/" class="elementor-item">Presenter Resources</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-7da4405" class="elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1966"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">PES University</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-1968"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/webinars/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Webinars</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2642"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/plain-talk/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Plain Talk About The Electric Power Industry</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2824"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/tutorials/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Tutorials</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2866"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/current-open-call-for-tutorials/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Current Open Call For Tutorials</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-2099"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/education/pes-university/presenter-resources/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Presenter Resources</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a3c8551 menu-inner-column" data-id="a3c8551" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4912d72 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="4912d72" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <img loading="lazy" width="200" height="200" src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/resource-center-icon.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1974" alt="resource center icon" srcset="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/resource-center-icon.png 200w, https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/resource-center-icon-150x150.png 150w" sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" /> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-ec92da0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="ec92da0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Visit the Resource Center</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-d8bff2f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="d8bff2f" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>The largest digital library dedicated to the power and energy industry, find the resource you’ve been looking for!</p><p><a href="https://resourcecenter.ieee-pes.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">View All <i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i> </a></p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2a8f869 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="2a8f869" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">New! Interactive Online Courses</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c0ee896 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c0ee896" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>A new series of interactive continuing education courses for those non-engineers and adjacent professionals working in the power industry.</p><p><a href="/education/pes-university/summary-available-courses/">View All ></a></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div></div></li></ul></div></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <main id="content" class="site-main post-2189 page type-page status-publish hentry"> <div class="page-content"> <div data-elementor-type="wp-page" data-elementor-id="2189" class="elementor elementor-2189" data-elementor-post-type="page"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-07efab6 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="07efab6" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2ca8a9a" data-id="2ca8a9a" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-08842af elementor-widget elementor-widget-template" data-id="08842af" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="template.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-template"> <div data-elementor-type="section" data-elementor-id="161" class="elementor elementor-161" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2d33af1 page-heading-banner elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="2d33af1" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-f2af27c" data-id="f2af27c" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-de9ec50 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="de9ec50" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy</h1> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-532ec71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-breadcrumbs" data-id="532ec71" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="breadcrumbs.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p id="breadcrumbs"><span><span><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/">Home</a></span> / <span><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/">Publications</a></span> / <span class="breadcrumb_last" aria-current="page">IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy</span></span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a243ddb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="a243ddb" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5081e51 magazine-featured-content" data-id="5081e51" data-element_type="column" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic"}"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-9d74ded elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="9d74ded" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-26b257d" data-id="26b257d" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-32e5731 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="32e5731" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h2 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy</h2> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-b68f554 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="b68f554" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>A joint publication of Industry Applications Society, Industrial Electronics Society, Instrumentation and Measurement Society, Power Electronics Society, Power & Energy Society, Photonics Society and the Society on Social Implications of Technology.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-427ebcf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="427ebcf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/2023_03_PES_Operations_Manual-with-Appendices.pdf#page=156" target="_blank"><b>Publications O&P Manual</b></a> <small>[PDF 2.7MB]</small> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-260f7a7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="260f7a7" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3>Impact Factor: 8.6</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-30d1816 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="30d1816" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Technical Co-sponsors:</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a02dfa4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="a02dfa4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>IEEE Power Electronics Society, IEEE Industry Applications Society, IEEE Industrial Electronics Society</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-0b09a6c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="0b09a6c" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h3 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">Scope:</h3> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-c9ecee4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="c9ecee4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>The IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy is a journal aimed at disseminating results of research on sustainable energy systems that can be integrated into the power transmission and/or distribution grid. The journal publishes original research on design, implementation, grid-integration and control of sustainable energy technologies and systems. The Transactions also welcomes manuscripts on design, implementation and evaluation of power systems that are affected by sustainable energy systems and devices.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cf2e98b elementor-widget elementor-widget-button" data-id="cf2e98b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="button.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-button-wrapper"> <a class="elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm" href="https://www.ieee.org/membership-catalog/productdetail/showProductDetailPage.html?product=PER235-ELE" target="_blank"> <span class="elementor-button-content-wrapper"> <span class="elementor-button-text">Subscribe</span> </span> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-843264d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="843264d" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-da9e58f" data-id="da9e58f" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-f82aef4 elementor-tabs-view-vertical elementor-widget elementor-widget-tabs" data-id="f82aef4" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="tabs.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-tabs"> <div class="elementor-tabs-wrapper" role="tablist" > <div id="elementor-tab-title-2601" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="true" data-tab="1" role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2601" aria-expanded="false">Paper Categories</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2602" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="2" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2602" aria-expanded="false">Peer Review</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2603" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="3" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2603" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2604" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="4" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2604" aria-expanded="false">Table of Contents & Abstracts</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2605" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="5" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2605" aria-expanded="false">Editorial Board</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2606" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="6" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2606" aria-expanded="false">Recognitions</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2607" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="7" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2607" aria-expanded="false">Recent Improvements</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2608" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="8" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2608" aria-expanded="false">Page Charges</div> <div id="elementor-tab-title-2609" class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-desktop-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="9" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2609" aria-expanded="false">Useful Links</div> </div> <div class="elementor-tabs-content-wrapper" role="tablist" aria-orientation="vertical"> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="true" data-tab="1" role="tab" tabindex="0" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2601" aria-expanded="false">Paper Categories</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2601" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="1" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2601" tabindex="0" hidden="false"><h2>Paper Categories</h2><h3>Topics within the journal scope:</h3><ul><li>Battery and storage</li><li>Combined heat and power</li><li>Electricity from Biomass</li><li>Energy efficiency</li><li>Fuel cells</li><li>Geothermal</li><li>Grid interaction of sustainable energy sources</li><li>Hydroelectricity</li><li>Hydrogen technology</li><li>Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions</li><li>Small hydro design and applications</li><li>Solar photovoltaics</li><li>Solar thermal electricity</li><li>Tidal and wave energy</li><li>Wind turbine generators</li></ul><h3>Examples of topics out-of-scope:</h3><ul><li>Microgrid design, optimization, operation and control – not involving renewable energy generation characteristics</li><li>Virtual power plant design, optimization, control not involving renewable energy plants</li><li>Protection of renewable generation – except involving fault ride through</li><li>Design, optimization and control of power converters without consideration of network</li><li>Theory and principle of generation of power from stand-alone power generation, conversion or storage technologies without involving electric power network</li><li>Renewable energy development and feasibility study project not involving new modeling and methodology of design optimization</li><li>Sharing operating experience of sustainable and other community energy development projects without technical rigor and methodology</li><li>Dynamics and condition monitoring of wave/wind/tidal turbine mechanical components</li><li>Resource (wind, irradiance, tide, ocean current, etc.) assessment except forecasting for use in power grid operations.</li></ul></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="2" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2602" aria-expanded="false">Peer Review</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2602" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="2" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2602" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><h2>Peer Review</h2><p>The articles in this journal are peer reviewed in accordance with the requirements set forth in the IEEE Publication Services and Products Board Operations Manual (<a href="https://pspb.ieee.org/images/files/files/opsmanual.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">https://pspb.ieee.org/images/files/files/opsmanual.pdf</a>). Each published article was reviewed by a minimum of two independent reviewers using a single-anonymous peer review process, where the identities of the reviewers are not known to the authors, but the reviewers know the identities of the authors. Articles will be screened for plagiarism before acceptance.</p><p><strong>About resubmission of a rejected paper</strong><br />Rejected papers should not be resubmitted without being substantially revised. After revision, rejected papers can be resubmitted no sooner than 3 months after the date of the rejection. A resubmitted paper will be treated as new submission and must adhere to the same page limit as any other newly submitted paper. If the paper is rejected for the second time, the paper cannot be resubmitted any more even if further modified. The authors must also indicate in the letter to the editor how the paper has been modified. Since the resubmitted paper is not treated as a revision, the authors should not include a separate document in which they address the comments of the reviewers. All modifications should be briefly stated in the letter to the editor. If the paper was rejected from one of the PES journals and the authors have revised the paper and resubmit it to another PES journal they must also indicate in the letter to the editor which journal the paper was submitted to originally and what was the reference number of the rejected paper.</p><p><strong>Policy on papers published at PES financially sponsored conferences:</strong><br />The Authors who have presented the paper(s) at the IEEE PES financially sponsored conference including PES General Meeting, PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (USA, Latin America, Europe, Asia), PES PowerTech and PES PowerAfrica are eligible to submit the extended version of their conference paper(s) to one of IEEE PES Transactions for consideration of publication. The extended paper requires at least 60% additional new material relative to the original conference paper and is subject to a regular review process of the respective PES Transactions. The original conference paper should be referenced in the extended journal paper and new contributions with respect to the conference paper clearly identified. The final decision for publication on the extended paper is made by the Editor-in-Chief of the respective journal.</p></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="3" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2603" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2603" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="3" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2603" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><h2>Open Access</h2><p>This publication is a hybrid journal, allowing either Traditional manuscript submission or Open Access (author-pays OA) manuscript submission.</p><p>The OA option, if selected, enables unrestricted public access to the article via IEEE Xplore. The OA option will be offered to the author at the time the manuscript is submitted. If selected, the OA discounted fee of $2,495 be paid before the article is published in the journal. If you have unusual circumstances about this, please contact the Editor-in-Chief. Any other applicable charges (such as the over-length page charge and/or charge for the use of color in the print format) will be billed separately once the manuscript formatting is complete but prior to the publication.</p><p>The traditional option, if selected, enables access to all qualified subscribers and purchasers via IEEE Xplore. No OA payment is required.</p><h5>Open Access Article Processing Charges</h5><p><strong>US $2495 for articles submitted in 2024. APC US $2645 for articles submitted in 2025.</strong></p><ul><li>IEEE Members receive a 5% discount</li><li>IEEE Society Members receive a 20% discount</li><li>Discounts cannot be combined</li><li>Discounts do not apply to undergraduate and graduate students</li><li>Information about <a href="https://open.ieee.org/for-authors/ieee-low-and-lower-middle-income-country-open-access-discount-program/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">IEEE’s Low and Lower-middle Income Country Program</a> is available</li></ul><p>Some institutions offer assistance for open access funding. Check our <a href="https://open.ieee.org/for-institutions/institutional-partners/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">institutional partners</a> list to see if yours is one.</p></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="4" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2604" aria-expanded="false">Table of Contents & Abstracts</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2604" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="4" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2604" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><h2>Table of Contents & Abstracts </h2><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=10681616&punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Volume 15, Number 4, October 2024</a></p><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=10566086&punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Volume 15, Number 3, July 2024</a></p><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=10485632&punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Volume 15, Number 2, April 2024</a></p><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=10367191&punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Volume 15, Number 1, January 2024</a></p><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=10157992&punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Volume 14, Number 3, July 2023</a></p><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/mostRecentIssue.jsp?punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Volume 14, Number 2, April 2023</a></p><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=9994274&punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">Volume 14, Number 1, January 2023</a></p><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=9894114&punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">Volume 13 Number 4, October 2022</a></p><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=9802539&punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">Volume 13 Number 3, July 2022</a></p><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=9739096&punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">Volume 13 Number 2, April 2022</a></p><p><a href="https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/tocresult.jsp?isnumber=9655379&punumber=5165391" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">Volume 13 Number 1, January 2022</a></p></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="5" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2605" aria-expanded="false">Editorial Board</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2605" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="5" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2605" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><p><div data-post-id="4940" class="insert-page insert-page-4940 "><h2>Editorial Board</h2> <p><strong>Editor-in-Chief: </strong><br /> Hua Geng, Tsinghua University, China<br /> <a href="javascript:;" data-enc-email="tratuhn[at]gfvatuhn.rqh.pa" class="mail-link" data-wpel-link="ignore"><span id="eeb-862877-219057"></span><script type="text/javascript">(function(){var ml=".deu%ighas4nt0c",mi="62;67384:=<95;673802130>;",o="";for(var j=0,l=mi.length;j<l;j++){o+=ml.charAt(mi.charCodeAt(j)-48);}document.getElementById("eeb-862877-219057").innerHTML = decodeURIComponent(o);}());</script><noscript>*protected email*</noscript></a></p> <p><strong>Past Editor-in-Chief:</strong><br /> Badrul Chowdhury, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA<br /> <a href="javascript:;" data-enc-email="o.u.pubjquhel01[at]tznvy.pbz" class="mail-link" data-wpel-link="ignore"><span id="eeb-178735-472160"></span><script type="text/javascript">document.getElementById("eeb-178735-472160").innerHTML = eval(decodeURIComponent("%27%62%2e%68%2e%63%68%6f%77%64%68%75%72%79%30%31%40%67%6d%61%69%6c%2e%63%6f%6d%27"))</script><noscript>*protected email*</noscript></a></p> <p><strong>Power Engineering Letters Editor-in-Chief:<br /> </strong>Rabih A. Jabr, American University of Beirut<br /> <a href="javascript:;" data-enc-email="enovu.wnoe[at]tznvy.pbz" class="mail-link" data-wpel-link="ignore"><span id="eeb-838234-257055"></span><script type="text/javascript">(function(){var ml="g%4jalcohrb0.mi",mi="94:>8<34:912;0=4>5<67=",o="";for(var j=0,l=mi.length;j<l;j++){o+=ml.charAt(mi.charCodeAt(j)-48);}document.getElementById("eeb-838234-257055").innerHTML = decodeURIComponent(o);}());</script><noscript>*protected email*</noscript></a></p> <p><strong>Editor-in-Chief at Large:</strong><br /> Nikos Hatziagyriou, National Technology University of Athens<br /> <a href="javascript:;" data-enc-email="au[at]cbjre.rpr.aghn.te" class="mail-link" data-wpel-link="ignore"><span id="eeb-3546-644302"></span><script type="text/javascript">(function(){var ml="cog%0anep4twur.h",mi="6?39481;7=>707>6:<5>2=",o="";for(var j=0,l=mi.length;j<l;j++){o+=ml.charAt(mi.charCodeAt(j)-48);}document.getElementById("eeb-3546-644302").innerHTML = decodeURIComponent(o);}());</script><noscript>*protected email*</noscript></a></p> <p><strong>Senior Editor:</strong><br /> CY Chung, University Saskatchewan, Canada<br /> <a href="javascript:;" data-enc-email="p.l.puhat[at]hfnfx.pn" class="mail-link" data-wpel-link="ignore"><span id="eeb-107468-857123"></span><script type="text/javascript">document.getElementById("eeb-107468-857123").innerHTML = eval(decodeURIComponent("%27%63%2e%79%2e%63%68%75%6e%67%40%75%73%61%73%6b%2e%63%61%27"))</script><noscript>*protected email*</noscript></a></p> <p>Prof. Nima Amjady, Federation University<br /> <a href="javascript:;" data-enc-email="a.nzwnql[at]srqrengvba.rqh.nh" class="mail-link" data-wpel-link="ignore"><span id="eeb-606910-413637"></span><script type="text/javascript">document.getElementById("eeb-606910-413637").innerHTML = eval(decodeURIComponent("%27%6e%2e%61%6d%6a%61%64%79%40%66%65%64%65%72%61%74%69%6f%6e%2e%65%64%75%2e%61%75%27"))</script><noscript>*protected email*</noscript></a></p> <p><strong>Associate Editors:<br /> </strong>Ossama Abdelkhalik, Iowa State University, USA<br /> Ahmed Al Durra, Khalifa University of Science & Technology, UAE<br /> Mohd Hasan Ali, University of Memphis, USA<br /> Nima Amjady, Semnan University, Iran<br /> Jose Antonino-Daviu, Universitat Politecnica de Valencia, Spain<br /> Ahmed Awad, CanmetENERGY, Canada<br /> Murali Baggu, National Renewable Energy, USA<br /> Linquan Bai, UNC Charlotte, USA<br /> Efstratios Batzelis, Imperial College, UK<br /> Ricardo Bessa, INESC TEC, Portugal<br /> Andrea Bonfiglio, University of Genoa, Italy<br /> Florin Capitanescu, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Luxembourg<br /> C. Y. Chung, University of Saskatchewan, Canada<br /> Nicolaos Cutululis, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark<br /> Suman Debnath, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA<br /> Shahab Dehghan, Imperial College, UK<br /> Tao Ding, Xi’an Jiaotong University, China<br /> Liang Du, Temple University, USA<br /> Sara Eftekharnejad, Syracuse University, USA<br /> Ozan Erdinc, Yildiz Technical University Davutpasa Campus, Turkey<br /> Xin Fang, National Renewable Energy Lab, USA<br /> João Alberto Passos Filho, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Brazil<br /> Hua Geng, Tsinghua University, China<br /> Arild Helseth, SINTEF Energy Research, Norway<br /> Md Shakawat Hossan, Commonwealth Edison, USA<br /> Jahangir Hossain, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia<br /> Masoud Karimi Ghartemani, Mississippi State, USA<br /> Yonghao Gui, Oak Ridge National Lab, USA<br /> Yun-Su Kim, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, South Korea<br /> Bri-Mathias Hodge, NREL, USA<br /> Peng Hou, European Innovation Center, China<br /> Ahda Grilo-Pavani,Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Brazil<br /> Peng Li, Tianjin University, China<br /> Zhigang Li, South China University of Technology, China<br /> Zhiyi Li, Zhejiang University, China<br /> Jun Liang, Cardiff University, UK<br /> Nian Liu, North China Electric Power University, China<br /> Saeed Lotfifard, Washington State University, USA<br /> Ning Lu, North Carolina State University, USA<br /> Zhixin Miao, University of South Florida, USA<br /> Masood Parvania, University of Utah, USA<br /> Zakir Rather, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, India<br /> Zhouyang Ren, Chongqing University, China<br /> John Ringwood, Maynooth University, Ireland<br /> Tapan Saha, University of Queensland, Australia<br /> Miadreza Shafie-khah, University of Vaasa, Finland<br /> Akanksha Singh, NREL, USA<br /> Mei Su, Central South University, USA<br /> Bidyadhar Subudhi, Indian Institute of Technology-Goa, India<br /> Wei Sun, University of Central Florida, USA<br /> Reinaldo Tonkoski, South Dakota State University, USA<br /> Rodrigo Daniel Trevizan, Sandia National Laboratories, USA<br /> Gustavo Valverde, ETH Zurich, Switzerland<br /> Zhaoyu Wang, Iowa State University, USA<br /> Xiaoyuan Xu, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China<br /> Yongheng Yang, Zhejiang University, China<br /> Zijun Zhang, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong<br /> Bin Zhou, Hunan University, China<br /> Haoran Zhao, Shandong University, China</p> <h3>Resources:</h3> <p><a href="/publications/become-an-associate-editor-for-pes-transactions/" rel="noopener" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">How to become an Associate Editor for a PES Transactions</a></p> </div></p></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="6" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2606" aria-expanded="false">Recognitions</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2606" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="6" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2606" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><h2>Reviewers Recognition</h2><p><a href="/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Outstanding-reviewers-Transactions-on-Sustainable-Energy-2023.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Best Reviewers 2023 Sustainable Energy</a> <small>[PDF 173KB] </small></p><p><a href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/TSTE_Outstanding_Reviewers_with_Affiliations_ONLY.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Best Reviewers 2021 Sustainable Energy</a> <small>[PDF 90KB]</small></p><p><a href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/2020_TSTE_Reviewers.docx">Best Reviewers 2020 Sustainable Energy</a> <small>[DOCX 16KB]</small></p><p><a href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/2019_TSTE_Reviewers.docx">Best Reviewers 2019 Sustainable Energy</a> <small>[DOCX 13KB]</small></p><p><a href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/2018_TSTE_Reviewers.docx">Best Reviewers 2018 Sustainable Energy</a> <small>[DOCX 14KB]</small></p><h2><strong>Associate Editor Recognition</strong></h2><p><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Outstanding_reviewers_2022.pdf">Outstanding Associate Editors 2022</a> <small>[PDF 101KB]</small></p><p><a href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/2021_SE_Outstanding_AEs.pdf">Outstanding Associate Editors 2021</a> <small>[PDF 66KB]</small></p></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="7" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2607" aria-expanded="false">Recent Improvements</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2607" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="7" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2607" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><h2>Recent Improvements</h2><p>Click <a href="/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Changes_to_SE_2021.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">here</a> to access a list of recent improvements to the <em>IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.</em></p></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="8" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2608" aria-expanded="false">Page Charges</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2608" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="8" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2608" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><h2>Over-length Page Charges</h2><p>Transactions papers are limited to 10 pages at submission. Papers exceeding 10 pages will be returned without review. Revised papers submitted in response to Revise and Resubmit decisions may exceed 10 pages. For papers submitted 1 January, 2024 or later the over-length page charges are $250 per each page in excess of the first 12 published pages. For papers submitted 1 January, 2023 – 21 December, 2023 the over-length page charges are $200 per each page in excess of the first 10 published pages. Papers submitted prior to 2023 will have over-length page charges of $150 per page for anything in excess of the first 8 published pages.</p></div> <div class="elementor-tab-title elementor-tab-mobile-title" aria-selected="false" data-tab="9" role="tab" tabindex="-1" aria-controls="elementor-tab-content-2609" aria-expanded="false">Useful Links</div> <div id="elementor-tab-content-2609" class="elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix" data-tab="9" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="elementor-tab-title-2609" tabindex="0" hidden="hidden"><h2>Useful Links</h2><p><a href="/publications/authors-kit/preparation-and-submission-of-transactions-papers/" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">Preparation and Submission of Transactions Papers</a></p><p><a href="/publications/authors-kit/templates-and-sample-of-pes-technical-papers/" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">Templates and Sample of PES Technical Papers</a></p><p><a href="https://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/tste-pes" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">Manuscript Submission Site for the <em>IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy</em><br /></a>Every effort will be made to complete the review of your manuscript in three months. If the review has substantially exceeded three months, you may send an inquiry to <a href="javascript:;" data-enc-email="crf-fgnghf[at]vrrr.bet" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]" class="mail-link" data-wpel-link="ignore"><span id="eeb-937496-801684"></span><script type="text/javascript">(function(){var ml="%40ui-erts.agop",mi=">69598;8390124666:=7<",o="";for(var j=0,l=mi.length;j<l;j++){o+=ml.charAt(mi.charCodeAt(j)-48);}document.getElementById("eeb-937496-801684").innerHTML = decodeURIComponent(o);}());</script><noscript>*protected email*</noscript></a>. Be sure to include the manuscript ID number.</p><p><a href="https://www.ieee.org/membership-catalog/productdetail/showProductDetailPage.html?product=PER235-ELE" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" data-feathr-click-track="true" data-feathr-link-aids="["588f5ef88e80271ed938605b"]">Subscribe to the <em>IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy</em></a></p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b116ec6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="b116ec6" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9a6364a" data-id="9a6364a" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7621c8b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer" data-id="7621c8b" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="spacer.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <div class="elementor-spacer"> <div class="elementor-spacer-inner"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </main> <div data-elementor-type="footer" data-elementor-id="191" class="elementor elementor-191 elementor-location-footer" data-elementor-post-type="elementor_library"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-334e0843 main-footer elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="334e0843" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-37b4e8ab" data-id="37b4e8ab" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f7dffba elementor-section-full_width footer-ctas elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="4f7dffba" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-6f6ae85b footer-column" data-id="6f6ae85b" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5388c1db elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="5388c1db" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4>Author’s Kit</h4> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7d9a87d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7d9a87d6" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The author’s kit is available to offer guidelines for the </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">submission for all technical work for review.</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-2610eaca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="2610eaca" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><a href="/publications/authors-kit/"><strong>LEARN MORE </strong> </a><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-620cbb64 footer-column" data-id="620cbb64" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-7ad28236 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="7ad28236" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4>Advertise In IEEE Magazines</h4> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-597dfdc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="597dfdc3" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Editorial and digital ad opportunities </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">are available in our leading IEEE magazines. </span></p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-4c721652 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="4c721652" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><a href="https://www.officialmediaguide.com/eei/" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>LEARN MORE </strong> </a><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-14e9e68f footer-column" data-id="14e9e68f" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3598d535 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="3598d535" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h4>Open Calls For Transactions</h4> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6d8d2b8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6d8d2b8e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">IEEE PES Transactions distribute the latest </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">findings to researchers, engineers, and educators </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">in the power and energy field. </span></p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-456f1511 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="456f1511" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/publications/calls-for-transactions/"><strong>LEARN MORE </strong> </a><i class="fa fa-arrow-right"></i></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-43b7594f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="43b7594f" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"background_background":"classic","_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4c77a5a7" data-id="4c77a5a7" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <section data-particle_enable="false" data-particle-mobile-disabled="false" class="elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-f6a0319 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="f6a0319" data-element_type="section" data-settings="{"_ha_eqh_enable":false}"> <div class="elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default"> <div class="elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-37b3ba0" data-id="37b3ba0" data-element_type="column"> <div class="elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-e0f5584 elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-none footer-navigation elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu" data-id="e0f5584" data-element_type="widget" data-settings="{"layout":"horizontal","submenu_icon":{"value":"<i class=\"fas fa-caret-down\"><\/i>","library":"fa-solid"}}" data-widget_type="nav-menu.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <nav aria-label="Menu" class="elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-horizontal e--pointer-none"> <ul id="menu-1-e0f5584" class="elementor-nav-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-2719"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/" class="elementor-item">Home</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2720"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/sitemap.html" class="elementor-item">More Sites</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2721"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/about/contact.html" class="elementor-item">Contact & Support</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2722"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ieee.org/accessibility_statement.html" class="elementor-item">Accessibility</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2723"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ieee.org/p9-26.html" class="elementor-item">Nondiscrimination Policy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2724"><a target="_blank" href="http://ieee-ethics-reporting.org/" class="elementor-item">IEEE Ethics Reporting</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2725"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ieee.org/security_privacy.html" class="elementor-item">IEEE Privacy Policy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2726"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/about/help/site-terms-conditions.html" class="elementor-item">Terms</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2727"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/about/contact.html" class="elementor-item">Feedback</a></li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container" aria-hidden="true"> <ul id="menu-2-e0f5584" class="elementor-nav-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-2719"><a href="https://ieee-pes.org/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Home</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2720"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/sitemap.html" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">More Sites</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2721"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/about/contact.html" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Contact & Support</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2722"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ieee.org/accessibility_statement.html" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Accessibility</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2723"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ieee.org/p9-26.html" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Nondiscrimination Policy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2724"><a target="_blank" href="http://ieee-ethics-reporting.org/" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">IEEE Ethics Reporting</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2725"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ieee.org/security_privacy.html" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">IEEE Privacy Policy</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2726"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/about/help/site-terms-conditions.html" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Terms</a></li> <li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-2727"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ieee.org/about/contact.html" class="elementor-item" tabindex="-1">Feedback</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6b6ef57 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6b6ef57" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>© Copyright 2024 IEEE — All rights reserved. A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world’s largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-cc174cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-html" data-id="cc174cf" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="html.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(e,t,o,n,p,r,i){e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias=n;e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias]=e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias]||function(){(e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].q=e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].q||[]).push(arguments)};e[e.visitorGlobalObjectAlias].l=(new Date).getTime();r=t.createElement("script");r.src=o;r.async=true;i=t.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];i.parentNode.insertBefore(r,i)})(window,document,"https://diffuser-cdn.app-us1.com/diffuser/diffuser.js","vgo"); vgo('setAccount', '1003055308'); vgo('setTrackByDefault', true); vgo('process'); </script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> <script> ( function ( body ) { 'use strict'; body.className = body.className.replace( /\btribe-no-js\b/, 'tribe-js' ); } )( document.body ); </script> <script> /* <![CDATA[ */var tribe_l10n_datatables = {"aria":{"sort_ascending":": activate to sort column ascending","sort_descending":": activate to sort column descending"},"length_menu":"Show _MENU_ entries","empty_table":"No data available in table","info":"Showing _START_ to _END_ of _TOTAL_ entries","info_empty":"Showing 0 to 0 of 0 entries","info_filtered":"(filtered from _MAX_ total entries)","zero_records":"No matching records found","search":"Search:","all_selected_text":"All items on this page were selected. ","select_all_link":"Select all pages","clear_selection":"Clear Selection.","pagination":{"all":"All","next":"Next","previous":"Previous"},"select":{"rows":{"0":"","_":": Selected %d rows","1":": Selected 1 row"}},"datepicker":{"dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesMin":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Prev","currentText":"Today","closeText":"Done","today":"Today","clear":"Clear"}};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type='text/javascript'> const lazyloadRunObserver = () => { const lazyloadBackgrounds = document.querySelectorAll( `.e-con.e-parent:not(.e-lazyloaded)` ); const lazyloadBackgroundObserver = new IntersectionObserver( ( entries ) => { entries.forEach( ( entry ) => { if ( entry.isIntersecting ) { let lazyloadBackground = entry.target; if( lazyloadBackground ) { lazyloadBackground.classList.add( 'e-lazyloaded' ); } lazyloadBackgroundObserver.unobserve( entry.target ); } }); }, { rootMargin: '200px 0px 200px 0px' } ); lazyloadBackgrounds.forEach( ( lazyloadBackground ) => { lazyloadBackgroundObserver.observe( lazyloadBackground ); } ); }; const events = [ 'DOMContentLoaded', 'elementor/lazyload/observe', ]; events.forEach( ( event ) => { document.addEventListener( event, lazyloadRunObserver ); } ); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-1875-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-1875.css?ver=1732202974' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-1045-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-1045.css?ver=1732202967' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-1897-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-1897.css?ver=1732202967' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-divider-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/css/widget-divider.min.css?ver=3.25.9' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-posts-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/widget-posts.min.css?ver=3.25.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-1920-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-1920.css?ver=1732202967' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-1930-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-1930.css?ver=1732202968' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-1960-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-1960.css?ver=1732202968' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='elementor-post-161-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/uploads/elementor/css/post-161.css?ver=1732203097' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='widget-breadcrumbs-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/widget-breadcrumbs.min.css?ver=3.25.4' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='e-sticky-css' href='https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/css/modules/sticky.min.css?ver=3.25.4' media='all' /> <script id="site_tracking-js-extra"> var php_data = {"ac_settings":{"tracking_actid":1003055308,"site_tracking_default":1,"site_tracking":1},"user_email":""}; </script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/activecampaign-subscription-forms/site_tracking.js?ver=6.7.1" id="site_tracking-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/themes/hello-elementor/assets/js/hello-frontend.min.js?ver=3.1.1" id="hello-theme-frontend-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/lib/sticky/jquery.sticky.min.js?ver=3.25.4" id="e-sticky-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/lib/smartmenus/jquery.smartmenus.min.js?ver=1.2.1" id="smartmenus-js"></script> <script id="happy-elementor-addons-js-extra"> var HappyLocalize = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"702cb52700","pdf_js_lib":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/happy-elementor-addons\/assets\/vendor\/pdfjs\/lib"}; </script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/happy-elementor-addons/assets/js/happy-addons.min.js?ver=3.14.0" id="happy-elementor-addons-js"></script> <script id="happy-addons-pro-js-extra"> var HappyProLocalize = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"be26a33850"}; </script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/happy-elementor-addons-pro/assets/js/happy-addons-pro.js?ver=2.15.1" id="happy-addons-pro-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/happy-elementor-addons/assets/js/extension-reading-progress-bar.min.js?ver=3.14.0" id="happy-reading-progress-bar-js"></script> <script id="eael-general-js-extra"> var localize = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"99b7c78cca","i18n":{"added":"Added ","compare":"Compare","loading":"Loading..."},"eael_translate_text":{"required_text":"is a required field","invalid_text":"Invalid","billing_text":"Billing","shipping_text":"Shipping","fg_mfp_counter_text":"of"},"page_permalink":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/publications\/transactions-on-sustainable-energy\/","cart_redirectition":"","cart_page_url":"","el_breakpoints":{"mobile":{"label":"Mobile Portrait","value":767,"default_value":767,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"mobile_extra":{"label":"Mobile Landscape","value":880,"default_value":880,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"tablet":{"label":"Tablet Portrait","value":1024,"default_value":1024,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"tablet_extra":{"label":"Tablet Landscape","value":1200,"default_value":1200,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"laptop":{"label":"Laptop","value":1366,"default_value":1366,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"widescreen":{"label":"Widescreen","value":2400,"default_value":2400,"direction":"min","is_enabled":false}},"ParticleThemesData":{"default":"{\"particles\":{\"number\":{\"value\":160,\"density\":{\"enable\":true,\"value_area\":800}},\"color\":{\"value\":\"#ffffff\"},\"shape\":{\"type\":\"circle\",\"stroke\":{\"width\":0,\"color\":\"#000000\"},\"polygon\":{\"nb_sides\":5},\"image\":{\"src\":\"img\/github.svg\",\"width\":100,\"height\":100}},\"opacity\":{\"value\":0.5,\"random\":false,\"anim\":{\"enable\":false,\"speed\":1,\"opacity_min\":0.1,\"sync\":false}},\"size\":{\"value\":3,\"random\":true,\"anim\":{\"enable\":false,\"speed\":40,\"size_min\":0.1,\"sync\":false}},\"line_linked\":{\"enable\":true,\"distance\":150,\"color\":\"#ffffff\",\"opacity\":0.4,\"width\":1},\"move\":{\"enable\":true,\"speed\":6,\"direction\":\"none\",\"random\":false,\"straight\":false,\"out_mode\":\"out\",\"bounce\":false,\"attract\":{\"enable\":false,\"rotateX\":600,\"rotateY\":1200}}},\"interactivity\":{\"detect_on\":\"canvas\",\"events\":{\"onhover\":{\"enable\":true,\"mode\":\"repulse\"},\"onclick\":{\"enable\":true,\"mode\":\"push\"},\"resize\":true},\"modes\":{\"grab\":{\"distance\":400,\"line_linked\":{\"opacity\":1}},\"bubble\":{\"distance\":400,\"size\":40,\"duration\":2,\"opacity\":8,\"speed\":3},\"repulse\":{\"distance\":200,\"duration\":0.4},\"push\":{\"particles_nb\":4},\"remove\":{\"particles_nb\":2}}},\"retina_detect\":true}","nasa":"{\"particles\":{\"number\":{\"value\":250,\"density\":{\"enable\":true,\"value_area\":800}},\"color\":{\"value\":\"#ffffff\"},\"shape\":{\"type\":\"circle\",\"stroke\":{\"width\":0,\"color\":\"#000000\"},\"polygon\":{\"nb_sides\":5},\"image\":{\"src\":\"img\/github.svg\",\"width\":100,\"height\":100}},\"opacity\":{\"value\":1,\"random\":true,\"anim\":{\"enable\":true,\"speed\":1,\"opacity_min\":0,\"sync\":false}},\"size\":{\"value\":3,\"random\":true,\"anim\":{\"enable\":false,\"speed\":4,\"size_min\":0.3,\"sync\":false}},\"line_linked\":{\"enable\":false,\"distance\":150,\"color\":\"#ffffff\",\"opacity\":0.4,\"width\":1},\"move\":{\"enable\":true,\"speed\":1,\"direction\":\"none\",\"random\":true,\"straight\":false,\"out_mode\":\"out\",\"bounce\":false,\"attract\":{\"enable\":false,\"rotateX\":600,\"rotateY\":600}}},\"interactivity\":{\"detect_on\":\"canvas\",\"events\":{\"onhover\":{\"enable\":true,\"mode\":\"bubble\"},\"onclick\":{\"enable\":true,\"mode\":\"repulse\"},\"resize\":true},\"modes\":{\"grab\":{\"distance\":400,\"line_linked\":{\"opacity\":1}},\"bubble\":{\"distance\":250,\"size\":0,\"duration\":2,\"opacity\":0,\"speed\":3},\"repulse\":{\"distance\":400,\"duration\":0.4},\"push\":{\"particles_nb\":4},\"remove\":{\"particles_nb\":2}}},\"retina_detect\":true}","bubble":"{\"particles\":{\"number\":{\"value\":15,\"density\":{\"enable\":true,\"value_area\":800}},\"color\":{\"value\":\"#1b1e34\"},\"shape\":{\"type\":\"polygon\",\"stroke\":{\"width\":0,\"color\":\"#000\"},\"polygon\":{\"nb_sides\":6},\"image\":{\"src\":\"img\/github.svg\",\"width\":100,\"height\":100}},\"opacity\":{\"value\":0.3,\"random\":true,\"anim\":{\"enable\":false,\"speed\":1,\"opacity_min\":0.1,\"sync\":false}},\"size\":{\"value\":50,\"random\":false,\"anim\":{\"enable\":true,\"speed\":10,\"size_min\":40,\"sync\":false}},\"line_linked\":{\"enable\":false,\"distance\":200,\"color\":\"#ffffff\",\"opacity\":1,\"width\":2},\"move\":{\"enable\":true,\"speed\":8,\"direction\":\"none\",\"random\":false,\"straight\":false,\"out_mode\":\"out\",\"bounce\":false,\"attract\":{\"enable\":false,\"rotateX\":600,\"rotateY\":1200}}},\"interactivity\":{\"detect_on\":\"canvas\",\"events\":{\"onhover\":{\"enable\":false,\"mode\":\"grab\"},\"onclick\":{\"enable\":false,\"mode\":\"push\"},\"resize\":true},\"modes\":{\"grab\":{\"distance\":400,\"line_linked\":{\"opacity\":1}},\"bubble\":{\"distance\":400,\"size\":40,\"duration\":2,\"opacity\":8,\"speed\":3},\"repulse\":{\"distance\":200,\"duration\":0.4},\"push\":{\"particles_nb\":4},\"remove\":{\"particles_nb\":2}}},\"retina_detect\":true}","snow":"{\"particles\":{\"number\":{\"value\":450,\"density\":{\"enable\":true,\"value_area\":800}},\"color\":{\"value\":\"#fff\"},\"shape\":{\"type\":\"circle\",\"stroke\":{\"width\":0,\"color\":\"#000000\"},\"polygon\":{\"nb_sides\":5},\"image\":{\"src\":\"img\/github.svg\",\"width\":100,\"height\":100}},\"opacity\":{\"value\":0.5,\"random\":true,\"anim\":{\"enable\":false,\"speed\":1,\"opacity_min\":0.1,\"sync\":false}},\"size\":{\"value\":5,\"random\":true,\"anim\":{\"enable\":false,\"speed\":40,\"size_min\":0.1,\"sync\":false}},\"line_linked\":{\"enable\":false,\"distance\":500,\"color\":\"#ffffff\",\"opacity\":0.4,\"width\":2},\"move\":{\"enable\":true,\"speed\":6,\"direction\":\"bottom\",\"random\":false,\"straight\":false,\"out_mode\":\"out\",\"bounce\":false,\"attract\":{\"enable\":false,\"rotateX\":600,\"rotateY\":1200}}},\"interactivity\":{\"detect_on\":\"canvas\",\"events\":{\"onhover\":{\"enable\":true,\"mode\":\"bubble\"},\"onclick\":{\"enable\":true,\"mode\":\"repulse\"},\"resize\":true},\"modes\":{\"grab\":{\"distance\":400,\"line_linked\":{\"opacity\":0.5}},\"bubble\":{\"distance\":400,\"size\":4,\"duration\":0.3,\"opacity\":1,\"speed\":3},\"repulse\":{\"distance\":200,\"duration\":0.4},\"push\":{\"particles_nb\":4},\"remove\":{\"particles_nb\":2}}},\"retina_detect\":true}","nyan_cat":"{\"particles\":{\"number\":{\"value\":150,\"density\":{\"enable\":false,\"value_area\":800}},\"color\":{\"value\":\"#ffffff\"},\"shape\":{\"type\":\"star\",\"stroke\":{\"width\":0,\"color\":\"#000000\"},\"polygon\":{\"nb_sides\":5},\"image\":{\"src\":\"http:\/\/wiki.lexisnexis.com\/academic\/images\/f\/fb\/Itunes_podcast_icon_300.jpg\",\"width\":100,\"height\":100}},\"opacity\":{\"value\":0.5,\"random\":false,\"anim\":{\"enable\":false,\"speed\":1,\"opacity_min\":0.1,\"sync\":false}},\"size\":{\"value\":4,\"random\":true,\"anim\":{\"enable\":false,\"speed\":40,\"size_min\":0.1,\"sync\":false}},\"line_linked\":{\"enable\":false,\"distance\":150,\"color\":\"#ffffff\",\"opacity\":0.4,\"width\":1},\"move\":{\"enable\":true,\"speed\":14,\"direction\":\"left\",\"random\":false,\"straight\":true,\"out_mode\":\"out\",\"bounce\":false,\"attract\":{\"enable\":false,\"rotateX\":600,\"rotateY\":1200}}},\"interactivity\":{\"detect_on\":\"canvas\",\"events\":{\"onhover\":{\"enable\":false,\"mode\":\"grab\"},\"onclick\":{\"enable\":true,\"mode\":\"repulse\"},\"resize\":true},\"modes\":{\"grab\":{\"distance\":200,\"line_linked\":{\"opacity\":1}},\"bubble\":{\"distance\":400,\"size\":40,\"duration\":2,\"opacity\":8,\"speed\":3},\"repulse\":{\"distance\":200,\"duration\":0.4},\"push\":{\"particles_nb\":4},\"remove\":{\"particles_nb\":2}}},\"retina_detect\":true}"},"eael_login_nonce":"de74881467","eael_register_nonce":"a3b5a79cd5","eael_lostpassword_nonce":"20d5d7e770","eael_resetpassword_nonce":"8a0e283629"}; </script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/essential-addons-for-elementor-lite/assets/front-end/js/view/general.min.js?ver=6.0.10" id="eael-general-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-includes/js/imagesloaded.min.js?ver=5.0.0" id="imagesloaded-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/webpack-pro.runtime.min.js?ver=3.25.4" id="elementor-pro-webpack-runtime-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/webpack.runtime.min.js?ver=3.25.9" id="elementor-webpack-runtime-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/frontend-modules.min.js?ver=3.25.9" id="elementor-frontend-modules-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=4d63a3d491d11ffd8ac6" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script id="wp-i18n-js-after"> wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); </script> <script id="elementor-pro-frontend-js-before"> var ElementorProFrontendConfig = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","nonce":"f25c2ac68f","urls":{"assets":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor-pro\/assets\/","rest":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-json\/"},"settings":{"lazy_load_background_images":true},"popup":{"hasPopUps":false},"shareButtonsNetworks":{"facebook":{"title":"Facebook","has_counter":true},"twitter":{"title":"Twitter"},"linkedin":{"title":"LinkedIn","has_counter":true},"pinterest":{"title":"Pinterest","has_counter":true},"reddit":{"title":"Reddit","has_counter":true},"vk":{"title":"VK","has_counter":true},"odnoklassniki":{"title":"OK","has_counter":true},"tumblr":{"title":"Tumblr"},"digg":{"title":"Digg"},"skype":{"title":"Skype"},"stumbleupon":{"title":"StumbleUpon","has_counter":true},"mix":{"title":"Mix"},"telegram":{"title":"Telegram"},"pocket":{"title":"Pocket","has_counter":true},"xing":{"title":"XING","has_counter":true},"whatsapp":{"title":"WhatsApp"},"email":{"title":"Email"},"print":{"title":"Print"},"x-twitter":{"title":"X"},"threads":{"title":"Threads"}},"facebook_sdk":{"lang":"en_US","app_id":""},"lottie":{"defaultAnimationUrl":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor-pro\/modules\/lottie\/assets\/animations\/default.json"}}; </script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=3.25.4" id="elementor-pro-frontend-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script id="elementor-frontend-js-extra"> var uael_particles_script = {"uael_particles_url":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-elementor\/assets\/min-js\/uael-particles.min.js","particles_url":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-elementor\/assets\/lib\/particles\/particles.min.js","snowflakes_image":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-elementor\/assets\/img\/snowflake.svg","gift":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-elementor\/assets\/img\/gift.png","tree":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-elementor\/assets\/img\/tree.png","skull":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-elementor\/assets\/img\/skull.png","ghost":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-elementor\/assets\/img\/ghost.png","moon":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-elementor\/assets\/img\/moon.png","bat":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-elementor\/assets\/img\/bat.png","pumpkin":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/ultimate-elementor\/assets\/img\/pumpkin.png"}; </script> <script id="elementor-frontend-js-before"> var elementorFrontendConfig = {"environmentMode":{"edit":false,"wpPreview":false,"isScriptDebug":false},"i18n":{"shareOnFacebook":"Share on Facebook","shareOnTwitter":"Share on Twitter","pinIt":"Pin it","download":"Download","downloadImage":"Download image","fullscreen":"Fullscreen","zoom":"Zoom","share":"Share","playVideo":"Play Video","previous":"Previous","next":"Next","close":"Close","a11yCarouselWrapperAriaLabel":"Carousel | Horizontal scrolling: Arrow Left & Right","a11yCarouselPrevSlideMessage":"Previous slide","a11yCarouselNextSlideMessage":"Next slide","a11yCarouselFirstSlideMessage":"This is the first slide","a11yCarouselLastSlideMessage":"This is the last slide","a11yCarouselPaginationBulletMessage":"Go to slide"},"is_rtl":false,"breakpoints":{"xs":0,"sm":480,"md":768,"lg":1025,"xl":1440,"xxl":1600},"responsive":{"breakpoints":{"mobile":{"label":"Mobile Portrait","value":767,"default_value":767,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"mobile_extra":{"label":"Mobile Landscape","value":880,"default_value":880,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"tablet":{"label":"Tablet Portrait","value":1024,"default_value":1024,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"tablet_extra":{"label":"Tablet Landscape","value":1200,"default_value":1200,"direction":"max","is_enabled":false},"laptop":{"label":"Laptop","value":1366,"default_value":1366,"direction":"max","is_enabled":true},"widescreen":{"label":"Widescreen","value":2400,"default_value":2400,"direction":"min","is_enabled":false}},"hasCustomBreakpoints":true},"version":"3.25.9","is_static":false,"experimentalFeatures":{"additional_custom_breakpoints":true,"container":true,"e_swiper_latest":true,"e_nested_atomic_repeaters":true,"e_optimized_control_loading":true,"e_onboarding":true,"e_css_smooth_scroll":true,"theme_builder_v2":true,"hello-theme-header-footer":true,"home_screen":true,"landing-pages":true,"nested-elements":true,"link-in-bio":true,"floating-buttons":true},"urls":{"assets":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","uploadUrl":"https:\/\/ieee-pes.org\/wp-content\/uploads"},"nonces":{"floatingButtonsClickTracking":"49e3d1c9c1"},"swiperClass":"swiper","settings":{"page":[],"editorPreferences":[]},"kit":{"active_breakpoints":["viewport_mobile","viewport_tablet","viewport_laptop"],"global_image_lightbox":"yes","lightbox_enable_counter":"yes","lightbox_enable_fullscreen":"yes","lightbox_enable_zoom":"yes","lightbox_enable_share":"yes","lightbox_title_src":"title","lightbox_description_src":"description","hello_header_logo_type":"logo","hello_header_menu_layout":"horizontal","hello_footer_logo_type":"logo","ha_rpb_enable":"no"},"post":{"id":2189,"title":"Transactions%20on%20Sustainable%20Energy%20-%20IEEE%20PES","excerpt":"","featuredImage":false}}; </script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=3.25.9" id="elementor-frontend-js"></script> <script id="elementor-frontend-js-after"> window.scope_array = []; window.backend = 0; jQuery.cachedScript = function( url, options ) { // Allow user to set any option except for dataType, cache, and url. options = jQuery.extend( options || {}, { dataType: "script", cache: true, url: url }); // Return the jqXHR object so we can chain callbacks. return jQuery.ajax( options ); }; jQuery( window ).on( "elementor/frontend/init", function() { elementorFrontend.hooks.addAction( "frontend/element_ready/global", function( $scope, $ ){ if ( "undefined" == typeof $scope ) { return; } if ( $scope.hasClass( "uael-particle-yes" ) ) { window.scope_array.push( $scope ); $scope.find(".uael-particle-wrapper").addClass("js-is-enabled"); }else{ return; } if(elementorFrontend.isEditMode() && $scope.find(".uael-particle-wrapper").hasClass("js-is-enabled") && window.backend == 0 ){ var uael_url = uael_particles_script.uael_particles_url; jQuery.cachedScript( uael_url ); window.backend = 1; }else if(elementorFrontend.isEditMode()){ var uael_url = uael_particles_script.uael_particles_url; jQuery.cachedScript( uael_url ).done(function(){ var flag = true; }); } }); }); jQuery( document ).on( "ready elementor/popup/show", () => { if ( jQuery.find( ".uael-particle-yes" ).length < 1 ) { return; } var uael_url = uael_particles_script.uael_particles_url; jQuery.cachedScript = function( url, options ) { // Allow user to set any option except for dataType, cache, and url. options = jQuery.extend( options || {}, { dataType: "script", cache: true, url: url }); // Return the jqXHR object so we can chain callbacks. return jQuery.ajax( options ); }; jQuery.cachedScript( uael_url ); }); </script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/elementor-pro/assets/js/elements-handlers.min.js?ver=3.25.4" id="pro-elements-handlers-js"></script> <script src="https://ieee-pes.org/wp-content/plugins/stratum-menu/assets/js/frontend.min.js?ver=1.0.5" id="stratum-menu-frontend-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var _ss = _ss || []; _ss.push(['_setDomain', 'https://koi-3ROFZZIOIC.marketingautomation.services/net']); _ss.push(['_setAccount', 'KOI-1FZ71YJHHBIIJE']); _ss.push(['_trackPageView']); window._pa = window._pa || {}; // _pa.orderId = "myOrderId"; // OPTIONAL: attach unique conversion identifier to conversions // _pa.revenue = "19.99"; // OPTIONAL: attach dynamic purchase values to conversions // _pa.productId = "myProductId"; // OPTIONAL: Include product ID for use with dynamic ads (function() { var ss = document.createElement('script'); ss.type = 'text/javascript'; ss.async = true; ss.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://' : 'http://') + 'koi-3ROFZZIOIC.marketingautomation.services/client/ss.js?ver=2.4.0'; var scr = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; scr.parentNode.insertBefore(ss, scr); })(); </script> </body> </html>