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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Orixe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orixe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Orixe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orixe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Falantes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Falantes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Falantes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Falantes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribución_xeográfica" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribución_xeográfica"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Distribución xeográfica</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distribución_xeográfica-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dialectos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dialectos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Dialectos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dialectos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Escrita_e_literatura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Escrita_e_literatura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Escrita e literatura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Escrita_e_literatura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Revitalización" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revitalización"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Revitalización</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revitalización-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Véxase_tamén" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Véxase_tamén"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Véxase tamén</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Mostrar ou agochar a subsección "Véxase tamén"</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Véxase_tamén-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Outros_artigos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Outros_artigos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Outros artigos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Outros_artigos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligazóns_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligazóns_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Ligazóns externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligazóns_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lingua ainu</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 87 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-87" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">87 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainoe_(taal)" title="Ainoe (taal) – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ainoe (taal)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_(Sprache)" title="Ainu (Sprache) – alemán suízo" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ainu (Sprache)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemán suízo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88" title="لغة الأينو – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لغة الأينو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llingua_ainu" title="Llingua ainu – asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llingua ainu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aynu_dili" title="Aynu dili – acerbaixano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Aynu dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="acerbaixano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="آینو دیلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آینو دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataramon_na_Ainu" title="Tataramon na Ainu – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tataramon na Ainu" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Айнская мова – belaruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Айнская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belaruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Айнская мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Айнская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Ainu" title="Basa Ainu – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Basa Ainu" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Айнски език – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Айнски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Ainu" title="Basa Ainu – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Basa Ainu" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="আইনু ভাষা – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আইনু ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B4%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨའི་ནུ་སྐད། – tibetano" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨའི་ནུ་སྐད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainoueg" title="Ainoueg – bretón" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ainoueg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu" title="Ainu – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ainu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ain%C5%A1tina" title="Ainština – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ainština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Айн чĕлхи – chuvaxo" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Айн чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvaxo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ain%C5%B5eg" title="Ainŵeg – galés" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ainŵeg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_(Sprache)" title="Ainu (Sprache) – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ainu (Sprache)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1_%CE%91%CF%8A%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Γλώσσα Αϊνού – grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλώσσα Αϊνού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_language" title="Ainu language – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ainu language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajnua_lingvo" title="Ajnua lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ajnua lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_ainu" title="Idioma ainu – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma ainu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_keel" title="Ainu keel – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ainu keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainuera" title="Ainuera – éuscaro" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ainuera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="éuscaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_(%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%86)" title="زبان آینو (ژاپن) – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان آینو (ژاپن)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainun_kieli" title="Ainun kieli – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ainun kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%AFnou_(langue_du_Japon)" title="Aïnou (langue du Japon) – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aïnou (langue du Japon)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu" title="Ainu – frisón setentrional" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ainu" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frisón setentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Aidhni%C3%BAis" title="An Aidhniúis – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Aidhniúis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu%C3%B1e%E2%80%99%E1%BA%BD" title="Ainuñe’ẽ – guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ainuñe’ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B0_%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B6%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐌾𐌽𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%95_(%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%94)" title="איינו (שפה) – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איינו (שפה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainuski_jezik_(Japan)" title="Ainuski jezik (Japan) – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ainuski jezik (Japan)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajnu%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Ajnušćina – alto sorbio" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Ajnušćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="alto sorbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_nyelv" title="Ainu nyelv – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ainu nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Այնու լեզու – armenio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Այնու լեզու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumpun_bahasa_Ainu" title="Rumpun bahasa Ainu – indonesio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumpun bahasa Ainu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%ADn%C3%BAm%C3%A1l" title="Aínúmál – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Aínúmál" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_ainu" title="Lingua ainu – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua ainu" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8C%E8%AA%9E" title="アイヌ語 – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイヌ語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="აინუური ენა – xeorxiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აინუური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="xeorxiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Ainu" title="Bahasa Ainu – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Ainu" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EB%88%84%EC%96%B4" title="아이누어 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아이누어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Айну кыв – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Айну кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Ainuana" title="Lingua Ainuana – latín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Ainuana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_(lingua)" title="Ainu (lingua) – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Ainu (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ain%C5%B3_kalba" title="Ainų kalba – lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ainų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_valoda" title="Ainu valoda – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ainu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_ain%C3%B4" title="Fiteny ainô – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny ainô" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ајнски јазик – macedonio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ајнски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%90%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ഐനു ഭാഷ – malabar" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഐനു ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malabar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Ainu" title="Bahasa Ainu – malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Ainu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_(Spraak)" title="Ainu (Spraak) – baixo alemán" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ainu (Spraak)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aino_(taal)" title="Aino (taal) – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aino (taal)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainospr%C3%A5k" title="Ainospråk – noruegués nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Ainospråk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruegués nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aino_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Aino (språk) – noruegués bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aino (språk)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruegués bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aino_(lenga)" title="Aino (lenga) – occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aino (lenga)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Айнаг æвзаг – ossetio" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Айнаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_ajnuski" title="Język ajnuski – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język ajnuski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_ainu" title="Lenga ainu – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga ainu" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_ainu" title="Língua ainu – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua ainu" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_ainu" title="Limba ainu – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba ainu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Айнский язык – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Айнский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_ainu" title="Limba ainu – sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limba ainu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_ainu" title="Lingua ainu – siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua ainu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_leids" title="Ainu leids – escocés" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ainu leids" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainugiella" title="Ainugiella – saami setentrional" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Ainugiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="saami setentrional" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_jezik" title="Ainu jezik – serbocroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ainu jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_language" title="Ainu language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ainu language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_Ainu" title="Gjuha Ainu – albanés" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha Ainu" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83_(%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Аину (језик) – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аину (језик)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Ainu (språk) – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ainu (språk)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="ஐனு மொழி – támil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐனு மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="támil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8" title="ภาษาไอนุ – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาไอนุ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aynuca" title="Aynuca – turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aynuca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Айну теле – tártaro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Айну теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tártaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Айнська мова – ucraíno" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Айнська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraíno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آینو زبان – urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آینو زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainan_kel%27" title="Ainan kel' – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Ainan kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Ainu" title="Tiếng Ainu – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Ainu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%8A%E5%8A%AA%E8%AF%AD" title="阿伊努语 – chinés wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿伊努语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chinés wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_Ainu" title="Èdè Ainu – ioruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Ainu" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ioruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%8A%E5%8A%AA%E8%AA%9E" title="阿伊努語 – chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿伊努語" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainu-g%C3%BA" title="Ainu-gú – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ainu-gú" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%8A%E5%8A%AA%E6%96%87" title="阿伊努文 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿伊努文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q27969#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar as ligazóns interlingüísticas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar as ligazóns</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espazos de nomes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Lingua_ainu" title="Ver o contido da páxina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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dir="ltr"><div class="dablink">Para outras páxinas con títulos homónimos véxase: <a href="/wiki/Ainu" class="mw-disambig" title="Ainu">Ainu</a>.</div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em" cellpadding="2" align="right" width="269px"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="font-size:120%; text-align: center; color: black; background-color: #dddddd">Ainu<br /><i>アィヌ・イタㇰ Aynu itak</i></th></tr><tr><td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Pronuncia:</td><td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">ˈainu iˈtak</td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Falado en: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Xap%C3%B3n" title="Xapón">Xapón</a></td></tr><tr><td style="top; padding-left: 0.5em;">Rexións: </td><td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a></td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Total de falantes: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">10 (2007)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Familia_de_linguas" title="Familia de linguas">Familia</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Lingua_illada" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingua illada">Lingua illada</a><b><br /> Ainu</b></td></tr><tr><td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Escrita" title="Escrita">Escrita</a>:</td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">Katakana</a> modificado</td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; padding-left: 0.5em; color: black; background-color: #dddddd">Códigos de lingua </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>-1: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><code>--</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">ISO 639-2: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><code>ain</code></td></tr><tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> ISO 639-3: </td><td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"> <code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/ain">ain</a></code> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; padding-left: 0.5em; color: black; background-color: #dddddd">Mapa </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"></td></tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0; vertical-align: middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Ainu_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Ainu_map.svg/250px-Ainu_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Ainu_map.svg/375px-Ainu_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Ainu_map.svg/500px-Ainu_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="441" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; padding-left: 0.5em; color: black; background-color: #dddddd">Status </th></tr> <tr> <td valign="top" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"></td></tr><tr> <td colspan="3" style="padding: 0; vertical-align: middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Lang_Status_20-CR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lang_Status_20-CR.svg/250px-Lang_Status_20-CR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lang_Status_20-CR.svg/375px-Lang_Status_20-CR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Lang_Status_20-CR.svg/500px-Lang_Status_20-CR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="153" /></a></span><br /><center><span style="font-size:80%;">O ainu está clasificado como en perigo crítico polo <a href="/wiki/Libro_Vermello_das_Linguas_Ameazadas" title="Libro Vermello das Linguas Ameazadas">Libro Vermello das Linguas Ameazadas</a> da <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup></span></center> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <table role="presentation" class="metadata mbox-small noprint selfref" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit;width: 22em;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nihongo.svg/29px-Nihongo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nihongo.svg/44px-Nihongo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nihongo.svg/58px-Nihongo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="1147" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist" style="vertical-align:middle; font-size:95%;">Este artigo amosa <a href="/wiki/Lingua_xaponesa" title="Lingua xaponesa">escritos xaponeses</a>. Sen o <a href="/wiki/Axuda:Caracteres_especiais" title="Axuda:Caracteres especiais">soporte axeitado</a>, o texto pode mostrar símbolos sen sentido, coma caixas, marcas e outros.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>O <b>ainu</b><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> é unha <a href="/wiki/Lingua_illada" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingua illada">lingua illada</a> falada no <a href="/wiki/Xap%C3%B3n" title="Xapón">Xapón</a> polo <a href="/wiki/Pobo_ainu" title="Pobo ainu">pobo ainu</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Orixe">Orixe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Orixe»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Orixe"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O ainu é unha lingua illada, sen ningunha relación con ningunha outra lingua, non se sabe cal é a súa orixe. Ás veces agrupouse coas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Linguas_paleosiberianas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Linguas paleosiberianas (a páxina aínda non existe)">linguas paleosiberianas</a>, pero iso é tan só un termo que cobre varias familias pequenas e illadas que se cre que están presentes en <a href="/wiki/Siberia" title="Siberia">Siberia</a> dende antes da chegada dos <a href="/wiki/Turco" class="mw-redirect" title="Turco">turcos</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tung%C3%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tungú (a páxina aínda non existe)">tungús</a>. Moitos lingüistas cren que o vocabulario compartido entre o ainu e o <a href="/wiki/Lingua_nivkh" title="Lingua nivkh">nivkh</a> débese a préstamos mutuos, debido á súa proximidade xeográfica. Unha proposta de relación co <a href="/wiki/Xapon%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="Xaponés">xaponés</a> e as <a href="/wiki/Linguas_altaicas" title="Linguas altaicas">linguas altaicas</a> (Patrie 1982) tivo pouca consideración entre os especialistas. Recentemente, o lingüista xaponés <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shichiro_Murayama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shichiro Murayama (a páxina aínda non existe)">Shichiro Murayama</a> e outros tentaron ligala por vocabulario e comparacións culturais coas <a href="/wiki/Linguas_austronesias" title="Linguas austronesias">linguas austronesias</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Falantes">Falantes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Falantes»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Falantes"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Non se sabe con certeza cantos <a href="/wiki/Pobo_ainu" title="Pobo ainu">ainus</a> hai no Xapón, segundo o goberno de <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a> hai 24.000 ainus na illa, pero como os ainus foron tradicionalmente discriminados pola súa orixe hai moitos máis que agochan ou ignoran a súa orixe, as asociacións ainus do Xapón afirman que hai entre 50.000 e 100.000 persoas de orixe ainu, pero na súa inmensa maioría falan só xaponés. O ainu era ata hai pouco unha <a href="/wiki/Lingua_en_perigo_de_extinci%C3%B3n" title="Lingua en perigo de extinción">lingua moribunda</a>, falada por uns poucos vellos. Na vila de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nibutani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nibutani (a páxina aínda non existe)">Nibutani</a> (que forma parte do concello de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biratori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biratori (a páxina aínda non existe)">Biratori</a>, Hokkaido, dialecto tsishima) viven a maioría dos falantes nativos: segundo datos de <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a> eran 100, dos que só 15 a empregaban como lingua diaria, esta é practicamente a única vila de Hokkaido coa maioría da poboación ainu (500 persoas) e foi precisamente nesta vila onde comezou o proceso de recuperación da lingua ainu da man de <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Kayano" title="Shigeru Kayano">Shigeru Kayano</a>, hoxe a vila conta cun centro cultural e unha escola comunitaria en ainu (dende 1983).<br /> Estímase que en todo Hokkaido hai uns 1.000 falantes nativos, case todos maiores de 30 anos, pero debido ao proceso de revitalización da lingua iniciado arredor de <a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a> hoxe o número dos que aprenderon a lingua supera ao dos falantes nativos. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribución_xeográfica"><span id="Distribuci.C3.B3n_xeogr.C3.A1fica"></span>Distribución xeográfica</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Distribución xeográfica»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Distribución xeográfica"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A maioría dos ainus concéntranse no oriente da illa de Hokkaido, en especial en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hidaka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hidaka (a páxina aínda non existe)">Hidaka</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iburi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iburi (a páxina aínda non existe)">Iburi</a>. No norte da illa de <a href="/wiki/Honshu" title="Honshu">Honshu</a> houbo falantes de ainu en <a href="/wiki/Aomori" title="Aomori">Aomori</a> ata ben entrado o <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XX" title="Século XX">século XX</a>. Na illa de <a href="/wiki/Sakhalin" title="Sakhalin">Sakhalin</a> os ainu vivían no sur da illa, a maioría dos ainus foron evacuados despois da <a href="/wiki/Segunda_guerra_mundial" title="Segunda guerra mundial">segunda guerra mundial</a> e en 1994 falecía a última falante de ainu. Nas <a href="/wiki/Illas_Kuriles" title="Illas Kuriles">illas Kuriles</a> os ainus foron evacuados antes da segunda guerra mundial. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dialectos">Dialectos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar a sección: «Dialectos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Dialectos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Houbo 19 dialectos do ainu, pero hoxe só queda un, o de Hokkaido </p> <ul><li>Tsugaru era o dialecto de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tohoku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tohoku (a páxina aínda non existe)">Tohoku</a>, na illa de Honshu, o último falante morreu arredor de <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a></li> <li>Sigheru era o dialecto da illa de Sakhalin, extinto en <a href="/wiki/1994" title="1994">1994</a></li> <li>Dialecto das <a href="/wiki/Illas_Kuriles" title="Illas Kuriles">Kuriles</a>, tamén extinto a mediados do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XX" title="Século XX">século XX</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Escrita_e_literatura">Escrita e literatura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar a sección: «Escrita e literatura»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Escrita e literatura"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Os primeiros materiais en ainu foron glosarios recompilados por navegantes europeos como La Pérouse en 1797 ou Dawidow en 1807, ou por xaponeses como o dicionario ainu-xaponés de 1804.<br /> <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Batchelor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Batchelor (a páxina aínda non existe)">John Batchelor</a> (1854-1944) foi misioneiro inglés que tentou evanxelizar aos ainu, foi o primeiro en abrir escolas ainu, a primeira en 1887 denominada <i>airin</i>, en 1889 publicou un dicionario inglés-ainu-xaponés e publicou unha tradución do <a href="/wiki/Novo_Testamento" title="Novo Testamento">Novo Testamento</a> en 1896 en <a href="/wiki/Gran_Breta%C3%B1a" title="Gran Bretaña">Gran Bretaña</a>, pero foron iniciativas illadas e non tiveron continuación polo que os ainus careceron de <a href="/wiki/Escrita" title="Escrita">escrita</a> propia ata fins do século XX. Os ainus tiñan unha rica tradición de literatura oral centrada en <a href="/wiki/Saga_(literatura)" title="Saga (literatura)">sagas</a> de heroes, denominada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yukar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yukar (a páxina aínda non existe)">Yukar</a> (ou hawki en <a href="/wiki/Sakhalin" title="Sakhalin">Sakhalin</a>) recollida polos xaponeses empregando os seus caracteres, pero sobre todo pola ainu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matsu_Kannari&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matsu Kannari (a páxina aínda non existe)">Matsu Kannari</a> (1875-1961) que recolleu (utilizando o <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfabeto_ingl%C3%A9s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfabeto inglés (a páxina aínda non existe)">alfabeto inglés</a>) 92 yukas en 15.000 páxinas entre <a href="/wiki/1928" title="1928">1928</a> e <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a>, publicadas por <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyosuke_Kindaichi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyosuke Kindaichi (a páxina aínda non existe)">Kyosuke Kindaichi</a> en 9 volumes.<br /> Oficialmente, hoxe, o ainu escríbese cunha versión modificada do silabario xaponés <a href="/wiki/Katakana" title="Katakana">katakana</a>, pero tamén se emprega amplamente o <a href="/wiki/Alfabeto_latino" title="Alfabeto latino">alfabeto latino</a>. Publícase en ainu sobre todo materiais para o ensino e contos infantís. A principal publicación ainu (editada en Nabutani dende marzo de 1997), <i>Ainu Taimuzu</i> (Tempo ainu) publícase nas dúas versións </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Revitalización"><span id="Revitalizaci.C3.B3n"></span>Revitalización</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar a sección: «Revitalización»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Revitalización"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Xa en <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> se fundou a Asociación Ainu de Hokkaido para a educación e benestar social dos ainu, en <a href="/wiki/1961" title="1961">1961</a> muda o nome para o de Asociación Utari de Hokkaido e aumenta o campo das súas actividades, e en 1984 lidera unha campaña para cambiar a Lei de protección dos antigos aborixes de Hokkaido de <a href="/wiki/1899" title="1899">1899</a> que discriminaba aos ainu, que estabelecía límites na propiedade da terra e sistema educativo segregado, ao tempo a Asociación promove campañas de concienciación da importancia do mantemento da lingua ainu e da súa revitalización, froito desa campaña é a aparición de cursos de lingua para adultos en varias cidades de Hokkaido, xeralmente os mestres son vellos falantes nativos con boa competencia na literatural oral ainu, actualmente hai 14 clases en todo Hokkaido ás que asisten 400 alumnos, ademais a Fundación para a Investigación e Promoción da Cultura Ainu creada trala Lei para o fomento da cultura ainu de <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a> (que substituíu a de 1899) organiza 3 cursos en Hokkaido e 1 en <a href="/wiki/Toquio" title="Toquio">Toquio</a> para alumnos avanzados, ademais de cursos para profesores.<br /> Ademais a radio da STV (Televión de <a href="/wiki/Sapporo" title="Sapporo">Sapporo</a>) retransmite semalnamente un curso para a aprendizaxe do ainu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar a sección: «Historia»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Historia"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Non se sabe de certo cando chegaron os ainu ao que eles chaman <i>Ainu Moshiri</i>, nin a extensión que acadou. Ainu Moshiri, o territorio onde habitan os ainu, no <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XVIII" title="Século XVIII">século XVIII</a> ademais de <a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a> comprendía as <a href="/wiki/Illas_Kuriles" title="Illas Kuriles">illas Kuriles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sakhalin" title="Sakhalin">Sakhalin</a>, o norte de <a href="/wiki/Honshu" title="Honshu">Honshu</a> e o sur de <a href="/wiki/Kamchatka" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamchatka">Kamchatka</a>, pero xa no <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XV" title="Século XV">século XV</a> os xaponeses estenderan a súa influencia polo sur de Hokkaido despois de varias derrotas dos ainu.<br /> Despois da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batalla_de_Kunasiri-Menasi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batalla de Kunasiri-Menasi (a páxina aínda non existe)">batalla de Kunasiri-Menasi</a> en <a href="/wiki/1789" title="1789">1789</a> os xaponeses fanse co control de todo Hokkaido, coa era Meiji principiou a política de asimilación dos ainu, prohibíndolles as actividades tradicionais de caza e pesca e favorecendo a súa conversión en agricultores, ao tempo que se favorecía a emigración masiva de xaponeses a Hokkaido, ata que os ainus se converteron nunha minoría no seu propio territorio.<br /> A partir de <a href="/wiki/1800" title="1800">1800</a> comeza a progresar o <a href="/wiki/Biling%C3%BCismo" title="Bilingüismo">bilingüismo</a> entre os ainu, aínda que o ainu seguía a ser a lingua de referencia da comunidade.<br /> No censo de <a href="/wiki/1807" title="1807">1807</a> contabilizáronse 26.256 ainus e en 1931 15.969 aínda que os datos non son totalmente fiables, a diminución debeuse sobre todo ás epidemias traídas polos xaponeses e aos cambios na vida tradicional ainu consecuencia da colonización xaponesa, e o aumento dos fillos de matrimonios mixtos, que na maioría dos casos non se contabilizaban como ainu.<br /> A partir de 1900 no bilingüismo ainu comeza predominar o xaponés, e xa a partir de 1940 comeza a impoñerse o <a href="/wiki/Monoling%C3%BCismo" title="Monolingüismo">monolingüismo</a> en xaponés. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas">Notas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editar a sección: «Notas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=8" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Notas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradley, D. <i>Languages of Mainland South-East Asia</i> (2007) In O. Miyaoka, O. Sakiyama, and M. E. Krauss (eds.), <i>The vanishing languages of the Pacific Rim</i>, pp. 301–336. Oxford Linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Moseley, Christopher e Nicolas, Alexandre. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000187026">"Atlas of the world's languages in danger"</a>. <i>unesdoc.unesco.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 11 de xullo de 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ALingua+ainu&rft.atitle=Atlas+of+the+world%27s+languages+in+danger&rft.au=Moseley%2C+Christopher+e+Nicolas%2C+Alexandre&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unesdoc.unesco.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funesdoc.unesco.org%2Fark%3A%2F48223%2Fpf0000187026&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170219102718/https://digalego.xunta.gal/digalego/Html/index.php?op=ver&id=2287&opcion=entrada&entrada=ainu">"Entrada ainu en Digalego"</a>. Arquivado dende <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digalego.xunta.gal/digalego/Html/index.php?op=ver&id=2287&opcion=entrada&entrada=ainu">o orixinal</a> o 19 de febreiro de 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado o 25 de maio de 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fgl.wikipedia.org%3ALingua+ainu&rft.btitle=Entrada+ainu+en+Digalego&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigalego.xunta.gal%2Fdigalego%2FHtml%2Findex.php%3Fop%3Dver%26id%3D2287%26opcion%3Dentrada%26entrada%3Dainu&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Véxase_tamén"><span id="V.C3.A9xase_tam.C3.A9n"></span>Véxase tamén</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editar a sección: «Véxase tamén»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=9" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Véxase tamén"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/32px-Incubator-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/48px-Incubator-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Incubator-logo.svg/64px-Incubator-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="799" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Vexa a proba da <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> en  <i><b><a class="external text" href="https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wp/ain">Lingua ainu</a></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Outros_artigos">Outros artigos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editar a sección: «Outros artigos»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=10" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Outros artigos"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traduci%C3%B3ns_da_Biblia_ao_ainu" title="Traducións da Biblia ao ainu">Traducións da Biblia ao ainu</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ligazóns_externas"><span id="Ligaz.C3.B3ns_externas"></span>Ligazóns externas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editar a sección: «Ligazóns externas»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingua_ainu&action=edit&section=11" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Ligazóns externas"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=ain">O ainu no Ethnologue</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051025060550/http://www.interq.or.jp/snake/apple/mokuji-r2.html">Folclore ainu (en ainu)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050105011134/http://www.stv.ne.jp/radio/ainugo/index.html">leccións de ainu en STV (en xaponés)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120311220554/http://www.frpac.or.jp/index.htm">FRAC (en xaponés e inglés)</a></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_de_autoridades" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_de_autoridades" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Axuda:Control_de_autoridades" title="Axuda:Control de autoridades">Control de autoridades</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27969" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q27969">Q27969</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Architecture_Thesaurus" title="Art & Architecture Thesaurus">AAT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/AATFullDisplay?find=&logic=AND&note=&subjectid=300387788">300387788</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX541210">XX541210</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Francia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119812307">119812307</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Grande_Enciclopedia_Rusa" title="Grande Enciclopedia Rusa">BRE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/1805509">1805509</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">EBID</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ainu-language">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">ELCat: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/1212">1212</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ethnologue.com/language/ain">ain</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Faceted_Application_of_Subject_Terminology" title="Faceted Application of Subject Terminology">FAST</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.worldcat.org/fast/802049">802049</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Enciclop%C3%A8dia_Catalana" title="Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana">GEC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0156814.xml">0156814</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/ainu1252">ainu1252</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4134147-8">4134147-8</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85002564">sh85002564</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Linguasphere: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hortensj-garden.org/index.php?tnc=1&tr=lsr&nid=45-B">45-B</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">LINGUIST: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://multitree.org/codes/ain">ain</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Dieta" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Dieta">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00560108">00560108</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027860957">027860957</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Atlas_of_Language_Structures" title="World Atlas of Language Structures">WALS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wals.info/languoid/genus/ainu">ainu</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Traído desde «<a dir="ltr" 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