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communication assessment</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: functional communication assessment"> <meta name="keywords" content="functional communication assessment"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research 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method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="functional communication assessment"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 12176</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: functional communication assessment</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12176</span> Investigation of the Influencing Factors of Functional Communication Assessment for Adults with Aphasia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yun-Ching%20Tu">Yun-Ching Tu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Chun%20Chih"> Yu-Chun Chih</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> People with aphasia (PWA) may have communicative difficulties in their daily lives, but research on functional communication in aphasia is still limited in Taiwan. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of aphasia-related factors on functional communication assessment. This study adopted a convenience sampling method. Thirty aphasic participants participated in the study. During the test, the examiner would ask questions that are encountered in daily life and record the participant‘s responses. Some questions would provide pictures to simulate situations in daily life. The results showed that the non-fluent aphasia group performed significantly worse than the fluent aphasia group. In addition, patients with severe aphasia performed significantly lower scores than patients with moderate aphasia and mild aphasia. However, group differences in the chronic stage and acute stage were not significant. In sum, since communication in daily life is diverse and language is still needed in the communication process, patients with aphasia who have better language ability may have relatively better functional communication. In contrast, the more severely impaired the language ability of a patient with aphasia is, the more functional communication will be affected, resulting in poor communication performance in daily life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult" title="adult">adult</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aphasia" title=" aphasia"> aphasia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20communication" title=" functional communication"> functional communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177696/investigation-of-the-influencing-factors-of-functional-communication-assessment-for-adults-with-aphasia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12175</span> Systematic Review of Functional Analysis in Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Magalhaes%20Lemos">Felipe Magalhaes Lemos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Functional behavior analysis is a procedure that has been studied for several decades by behavior analysts. In Brazil, we still have few studies in the area, so it was decided to carry out a systematic review of the articles published in the area by Brazilians. A search was done on the following scientific article registration sites: PsycINFO, ERIC, ISI Web of Science, Virtual Health Library. The research includes (a) peer-reviewed studies that (b) have been carried out in Brazil containing (c) functional assessment as a pre-treatment through (d) experimental procedures, direct or indirect observation and measurement of behavior problems (e) demonstrating a relationship between environmental events and behavior. During the review, 234 papers were found; however, only 9 were included in the final analysis. Of the 9 articles extracted, only 2 presented functional analysis procedures with manipulation of environmental variables, while the other 7 presented different procedures for a descriptive behavior assessment. Only the two studies using "functional analysis" used graphs to demonstrate the prevalent function of the behavior. Other studies described procedures and did not make clear the causal relationship between environment and behavior. There is still confusion in Brazil regarding the terms "functional analysis", "descriptive assessment" and "contingency analysis," which are generally treated in the same way. This study shows that few articles are published with a focus on functional analysis in Brazil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior" title="behavior">behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contingency" title=" contingency"> contingency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=descriptive%20assessment" title=" descriptive assessment"> descriptive assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20analysis" title=" functional analysis"> functional analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129085/systematic-review-of-functional-analysis-in-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12174</span> Adaptation of the Scenario Test for Greek-speaking People with Aphasia: Reliability and Validity Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marina%20Charalambous">Marina Charalambous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phivos%20Phylactou"> Phivos Phylactou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thekla%20Elriz"> Thekla Elriz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Loukia%20Psychogios"> Loukia Psychogios</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jean-Marie%20Annoni"> Jean-Marie Annoni</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Evidence-based practices for the evaluation and treatment of people with aphasia (PWA) in Greek are mainly impairment-based. Functional and multimodal communication is usually under assessed and neglected by clinicians. This study explores the adaptation and psychometric testing of the Greek (GR) version of The Scenario Test. The Scenario Test assesses the everyday functional communication of PWA in an interactive multimodal communication setting with the support of an active communication facilitator. Aims: To define the reliability and validity of The Scenario Test GR and discuss its clinical value. Methods & Procedures: The Scenario Test-GR was administered to 54 people with chronic stroke (6+ months post-stroke): 32 PWA and 22 people with stroke without aphasia. Participants were recruited from Greece and Cyprus. All measures were performed in an interview format. Standard psychometric criteria were applied to evaluate reliability (internal consistency, test-retest, and interrater reliability) and validity (construct and known – groups validity) of the Scenario Test GR. Video analysis was performed for the qualitative examination of the communication modes used. Outcomes & Results: The Scenario Test-GR shows high levels of reliability and validity. High scores of internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = .95), test-retest reliability (ICC = .99), and interrater reliability (ICC = .99) were found. Interrater agreement in scores on individual items fell between good and excellent levels of agreement. Correlations with a tool measuring language function in aphasia (the Aphasia Severity Rating Scale of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination), a measure of functional communication (the Communicative Effectiveness Index), and two instruments examining the psychosocial impact of aphasia (the Stroke and Aphasia Quality of Life questionnaire and the Aphasia Impact Questionnaire) revealed good convergent validity (all ps< .05). Results showed good known – groups validity (Mann-Whitney U = 96.5, p < .001), with significantly higher scores for participants without aphasia compared to those with aphasia. Conclusions: The psychometric qualities of The Scenario Test-GR support the reliability and validity of the tool for the assessment of functional communication for Greek-speaking PWA. The Scenario Test-GR can be used to assess multimodal functional communication, orient aphasia rehabilitation goal setting towards the activity and participation level, and be used as an outcome measure of everyday communication. Future studies will focus on the measurement of sensitivity to change in PWA with severe non-fluent aphasia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20scenario%20test%20GR" title="the scenario test GR">the scenario test GR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20communication%20assessment" title=" functional communication assessment"> functional communication assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=people%20with%20aphasia%20%28PWA%29" title=" people with aphasia (PWA)"> people with aphasia (PWA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tool%20validation" title=" tool validation"> tool validation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145142/adaptation-of-the-scenario-test-for-greek-speaking-people-with-aphasia-reliability-and-validity-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12173</span> Effect of Migraine on Functional Performance and Reported Symptoms in Children with Concussion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulaziz%20Alkathiry">Abdulaziz Alkathiry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concussion is a common brain injury that affect physical and cognitive performance. While several studies indicated that adolescents are more likely to develop concussion, in the last decade concussion has been mainly explored in adults. Migraine has been identified as a common symptom reported after concussion and was tied with worse prognoses. Hence, we aimed to investigate the effect of migraine on functional performance and self-reported symptoms in children with concussion. This cross-sectional study involved 35 symptomatic children aged 9 – 17 years recruited within 1 year from their concussion injury at a tertiary balance center. Participants’ symptoms and functional performance were assessed using the post-concussion symptoms scale (PCSS) and the functional gait assessment (FGA) respectively. Concussed children with migraine showed significantly worse symptoms including fatigue, sleeping impairment, difficulty concentrating, and visual problems (P < 0.05). Functional performance didn’t show differences between concussed children with and without migraine. Although concussed children with and without migraine didn’t show any differences on functional performance, worse cognitive symptoms were found in concussed children with migraine. A customized treatment approach is indicated in the presence of migraine for the management of children with concussion. Keywords: Concussion; Migraine; Balance; Post-Concussion Symptoms Scale; Functional Gait Assessment <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concussion" title="concussion">concussion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migraine" title=" migraine"> migraine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-concussion%20symptoms%20scale" title=" post-concussion symptoms scale"> post-concussion symptoms scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20gait%20assessment" title=" functional gait assessment"> functional gait assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance" title=" balance"> balance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136444/effect-of-migraine-on-functional-performance-and-reported-symptoms-in-children-with-concussion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136444.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12172</span> A Proposal for Developing a Post Occupancy Evaluation Sustainability Assessment Tool for Refurbished Historic Government Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasnizan%20Aksah">Hasnizan Aksah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adi%20Irfan%20Che%20Ani"> Adi Irfan Che Ani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Refurbished historic government buildings should perform as intended to support the organization’s goals that enhance occupant satisfaction. However, these buildings may have issues associated with functional performance evaluation. The aim of this study is to develop a Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) sustainability assessment tool for functional performance evaluation of refurbished historic government buildings. Developing an assessment tool requires a strategic methodology for a logical and cohesive tool that incorporating relevant theories and practical experiences. In this study, mixed method approaches use to collect all necessary data to achieve the objectives of this study. The design of sampling involves are interviews and survey questionnaires to relevant professionals in order to evaluate the criteria and problem encircled in functional performance evaluation. Then, the involvement of expert panels is required in establishing the assessment tool. During the process of investigation on the functional performance criteria, it was discovered that is seen to be critical in aspects of comfort, safety, and services. The proposed assessment tool has a significant role in providing opportunities for the improvement of building performance especially on functional performance for the future historic government building refurbishment project. It is hoped that the tool developed from this study will give benefits to related professionals, public agencies, local municipality, and relevant interested parties in historic building management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refurbished%20historic%20government%20buildings" title="refurbished historic government buildings">refurbished historic government buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20performance" title=" functional performance"> functional performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Post%20Occupancy%20Evaluation" title=" Post Occupancy Evaluation"> Post Occupancy Evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94112/a-proposal-for-developing-a-post-occupancy-evaluation-sustainability-assessment-tool-for-refurbished-historic-government-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12171</span> Validity and Reliability of Communication Activities of Daily Living- Second Edition and Assessment of Language-related Functional Activities: Comparative Evidence from Arab Aphasics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadeq%20Al%20Yaari">Sadeq Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20Al%20Yaari"> Ayman Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adham%20Al%20Yaari"> Adham Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Montaha%20Al%20Yaari"> Montaha Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aayah%20Al%20Yaari"> Aayah Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajedah%20Al%20Yaari"> Sajedah Al Yaari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Validation of communication activities of daily living-second edition (CADL-2) and assessment of language-related functional activities (ALFA) tests is a critical investment decision, and activities related to language impairments often are underestimated. Literature indicates that age factors, and gender differences may affect the performance of the aphasics. Thus, understanding these influential factors is highly important to neuropsycholinguists and speech language pathologists (SLPs). Purpose: The goal of this study is twofold: (1) to in/validate CADL-2 and ALFA tests, and (2) to investigate whether or not the two assessment tests are reliable. Design: A comparative study is made between the results obtained from the analyses of the Arabic versions of CADL-2 and ALFA tests. Participants: The communication activities of daily-living and language-related functional activities were assessed from the obtained results of 100 adult aphasics (50 males, 50 females; ages 16 to 65). Procedures: Firstly, the two translated and standardized Arabic versions of CADL-2 and ALFA tests were introduced to the Arab aphasics under investigation. Armed with the new two versions of the tests, one of the researchers assessed the language-related functional communication and activities. Outcomes drawn from the obtained analysis of the comparative studies were then qualitatively and statistically analyzed. Main outcomes and Results: Regarding the validity of CADL-2 and ALFA, it is found that …. Is more valid in both pre-and posttests. Concerning the reliability of the two tests, it is found that ….is more reliable in both pre-and-posttests which undoubtedly means that …..is more trustable. Nor must we forget to indicate here that the relationship between age and gender was very weak due to that no remarkable gender differences between the two in both CADL-2 and ALFA pre-and-posttests. Conclusions & Implications: CADL-2 and ALFA tests were found to be valid and reliable tests. In contrast to previous studies, age and gender were not significantly associated with the results of validity and reliability of the two assessment tests. In clearer terms, age and gender patterns do not affect the validation of these two tests. Future studies might focus on complex questions including the use of CADL-2 and ALFA functionally; how gender and puberty influence the results in case the sample is large; the effects of each type of aphasia on the final outcomes, and measurements’ results of imaging techniques. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CADL-2" title="CADL-2">CADL-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ALFA" title=" ALFA"> ALFA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparison" title=" comparison"> comparison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20test" title=" language test"> language test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arab%20aphasics" title=" arab aphasics"> arab aphasics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validity" title=" validity"> validity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuropsycholinguistics" title=" neuropsycholinguistics"> neuropsycholinguistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparison" title=" comparison"> comparison</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187015/validity-and-reliability-of-communication-activities-of-daily-living-second-edition-and-assessment-of-language-related-functional-activities-comparative-evidence-from-arab-aphasics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187015.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">36</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12170</span> Estimation of Functional Response Model by Supervised Functional Principal Component Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyon%20I.%20Paek">Hyon I. Paek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20Rim%20Kim"> Sang Rim Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyon%20A.%20Ryu"> Hyon A. Ryu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In functional linear regression, one typical problem is to reduce dimension. Compared with multivariate linear regression, functional linear regression is regarded as an infinite-dimensional case, and the main task is to reduce dimensions of functional response and functional predictors. One common approach is to adapt functional principal component analysis (FPCA) on functional predictors and then use a few leading functional principal components (FPC) to predict the functional model. The leading FPCs estimated by the typical FPCA explain a major variation of the functional predictor, but these leading FPCs may not be mostly correlated with the functional response, so they may not be significant in the prediction for response. In this paper, we propose a supervised functional principal component analysis method for a functional response model with FPCs obtained by considering the correlation of the functional response. Our method would have a better prediction accuracy than the typical FPCA method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supervised" title="supervised">supervised</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20principal%20component%20analysis" title=" functional principal component analysis"> functional principal component analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20response" title=" functional response"> functional response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20linear%20regression" title=" functional linear regression"> functional linear regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177071/estimation-of-functional-response-model-by-supervised-functional-principal-component-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12169</span> Relationships of Functional Status and Subjective Health Status among Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Residing in the Community</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-Young%20Song">Hee-Young Song</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background and objectives: In 2011, the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) recommendations proposed a multidimensional assessment of patients’ conditions that included both functional parameters and patient-reported outcomes, with the aim to provide a comprehensive assessment of the disease, thus meeting both the needs of the patient and the role of the physician. However, few studies have evaluated patient-reported outcomes as well as objective functional assessments among individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in clinical practice in Korea. This study was undertaken to explore the relationship between functional status assessed by the 6-minute walking distance (MWD) test and subjective health status reported by stable patients with COPD residing in community. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 118 stable COPD patients aged 69.4 years old and selected by a convenient sampling from an outpatient department of pulmonology in a tertiaryhospitals. The 6-MWD test was conducted according to standardized instructions. Participants also completed a constructed questionnaire including general characteristics, smoking history, dyspnea by modified medical research council (mMRC) scale, and health status by COPD assessment test (CAT). Anthropometric measurements were performed for body mass index (BMI). Medical records were reviewed to obtain disease-related characteristics including duration of the disease and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). Data were analyzed using PASW statistics 20.0. Results: Mean FEV1% of participants was 63.51% and mean 6-MWD and CAT scores were 297.54m and 17.7, respectively. The 6-MWD and CAT showed significant negative correlations (r= -.280, p=.002); FEV1 and CAT did as well correlations (r= -.347, p < .001). Conclusions: Findings suggest that the better functional status an individual with COPD has, the better subjective health status is, and provide the support for using patient-reported outcomes along with functional parameters to facilitate comprehensive assessment of COPD patients in real clinical practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20obstructive%20pulmonary%20disease" title="chronic obstructive pulmonary disease">chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COPD%20assessment%20test" title=" COPD assessment test"> COPD assessment test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20status" title=" functional status"> functional status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient-reported%20outcomes" title=" patient-reported outcomes"> patient-reported outcomes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81539/relationships-of-functional-status-and-subjective-health-status-among-stable-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-patients-residing-in-the-community" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81539.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">366</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12168</span> An overview of Using Functional Communication Training to Decrease Maladaptive Behaviors for Individuals Diagnosed with Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorders at an Extensive Support Needs Residential Program</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mahamat">Ali Mahamat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the application of Functional Communication Training (FCT) as an intervention to decrease maladaptive behaviors among individuals diagnosed with Intellectual Disability (ID) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) within an extensive support needs residential program. Evidence suggests that FCT can be ef ective in promoting positive behavioral changes and enhancing communication skills in this population. The prevalence of maladaptive behaviors in individuals with ID and ASD is a significant concern for caregivers and professionals in residential programs. These behaviors can include aggression, self-injury, and disruptive activities, which can impede the individual's quality of life. Functional Communication Training (FCT) has been identified as a potential solution to these challenges, providing individuals with the communication skills needed to express their needs and desires effectively. Method: A quasi-experimental design was used to investigate the effectiveness of FCT in a residential setting for individuals with ID and ASD. Participants included individuals with varying degrees of ID and ASD who exhibited maladaptive behaviors. A baseline was established for each participant's behavior before introducing FCT as an intervention. The FCT intervention involved teaching the individuals alternative, functionally equivalent communication behaviors to replace maladaptive behaviors. The training was implemented in the participants' natural environment and was incorporated into their daily routines. The intervention period lasted for six months, with follow-ups conducted at three months and six months post-intervention.Results indicated a significant decrease in maladaptive behaviors for individuals who received the FCT intervention. In addition, an enhancement in communication skills was observed, with the majority of participants demonstrating an increased ability to express their needs and desires appropriately. The findings of this study provide support for the effectiveness of FCT in reducing maladaptive behaviors in individuals with ID and ASD in a residential setting. Moreover, the study highlights the importance of incorporating functional communication skills training in the daily routines of these individuals. By providing these individuals with an effective means of communication, FCT not only reduces the occurrence of maladaptive behaviors but also improves the quality of life for these individuals. However, future research should explore the long-term effects of FCT and consider the influence of individual differences on the effectiveness of the intervention. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20communication%20training" title="functional communication training">functional communication training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20disability" title=" intellectual disability"> intellectual disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20disorders" title=" autism spectrum disorders"> autism spectrum disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maladaptive%20behavior" title=" maladaptive behavior"> maladaptive behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20program" title=" residential program"> residential program</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189001/an-overview-of-using-functional-communication-training-to-decrease-maladaptive-behaviors-for-individuals-diagnosed-with-intellectual-disability-and-autism-spectrum-disorders-at-an-extensive-support-needs-residential-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">25</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12167</span> Evaluation of the Impact of Functional Communication Training on Behaviors of Concern for Students at a Non-Maintained Special School</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kate%20Duggan">Kate Duggan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Functional Communication Training (FCT) is an approach which aims to reduce behaviours of concern by teaching more effective ways to communicate. It requires identification of the function of the behaviour of concern, through gathering information from key stakeholders and completing observations of the individual’s behaviour including antecedents to, and consequences of the behaviour. Appropriate communicative alternatives are then identified and taught to the individual using systematic instruction techniques. Behaviours of concern demonstrated by individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) frequently have a communication function. When contributing to positive behavior support plans, speech and language therapists and other professionals working with individuals with ASC need to identify alternative communicative behaviours which are equally reinforcing as the existing behaviours of concern. Successful implementation of FCT is dependent on an effective ‘response match’. The new way of communicating must be equally as effective as the behaviour previously used and require the same amount or less effort from the individual. It must also be understood by the communication partners the individual encounters and be appropriate to their communicative contexts. Method: Four case studies within a non-maintained special school environment were described and analysed. A response match framework was used to identify the effectiveness of functional communication training delivered by the student’s speech and language therapist, teacher and learning support assistants. The success of systematic instruction techniques used to develop new communicative behaviours was evaluated using the CODES framework. Findings: Functional communication training can be used as part of a positive behaviour support approach for students within this setting. All case studies reviewed demonstrated ‘response success’, in that the desired response was gained from the new communicative behaviour. Barriers to the successful embedding of new communicative behaviours were encountered. In some instances, the new communicative behaviour could not be consistently understood across all communication partners which reduced ‘response recognisability’. There was also evidence of increased physical or cognitive difficulty in employing the new communicative behaviour which reduced the ‘response effectivity’. Successful use of ‘thinning schedules of reinforcement’, taught students to tolerate a delay to reinforcement once the new communication behaviour was learned. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmentative%20and%20alternative%20communication" title="augmentative and alternative communication">augmentative and alternative communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20conditions" title=" autism spectrum conditions"> autism spectrum conditions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behaviours%20of%20concern" title=" behaviours of concern"> behaviours of concern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20communication%20training" title=" functional communication training"> functional communication training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108378/evaluation-of-the-impact-of-functional-communication-training-on-behaviors-of-concern-for-students-at-a-non-maintained-special-school" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12166</span> Functional Outcome of Speech, Voice and Swallowing Following Excision of Glomus Jugulare Tumor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20S.%20Premalatha">B. S. Premalatha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kausalya%20Sahani"> Kausalya Sahani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Glomus jugulare tumors arise within the jugular foramen and are commonly seen in females particularly on the left side. Surgical excision of the tumor may cause lower cranial nerve deficits. Cranial nerve involvement produces hoarseness of voice, slurred speech, and dysphagia along with other physical symptoms, thereby affecting the quality of life of individuals. Though oncological clearance is mainly emphasized on while treating these individuals, little importance is given to their communication, voice and swallowing problems, which play a crucial part in daily functioning. Objective: To examine the functions of voice, speech and swallowing outcomes of the subjects, following excision of glomus jugulare tumor. Methods: Two female subjects aged 56 and 62 years had come with a complaint of change in voice, inability to swallow and reduced clarity of speech following surgery for left glomus jugulare tumor were participants of the study. Their surgical information revealed multiple cranial nerve palsies involving the left facial, left superior and recurrent branches of the vagus nerve, left pharyngeal, left soft palate, left hypoglossal and vestibular nerves. Functional outcomes of voice, speech and swallowing were evaluated by perceptual and objective assessment procedures. Assessment included the examination of oral structures and functions, dysarthria by Frenchey dysarthria assessment, cranial nerve functions and swallowing functions. MDVP and Dr. Speech software were used to evaluate acoustic parameters of voice and quality of voice respectively. Results: The study revealed that both the subjects, subsequent to excision of glomus jugulare tumor, showed a varied picture of affected oral structure and functions, articulation, voice and swallowing functions. The cranial nerve assessment showed impairment of the vagus, hypoglossal, facial and glossopharyngeal nerves. Voice examination indicated vocal cord paralysis associated with breathy quality of voice, weak voluntary cough, reduced pitch and loudness range, and poor respiratory support. Perturbation parameters as jitter, shimmer were affected along with s/z ratio indicative of voice fold pathology. Reduced MPD(Maximum Phonation Duration) of vowels indicated that disturbed coordination between respiratory and laryngeal systems. Hypernasality was found to be a prominent feature which reduced speech intelligibility. Imprecise articulation was seen in both the subjects as the hypoglossal nerve was affected following surgery. Injury to vagus, hypoglossal, gloss pharyngeal and facial nerves disturbed the function of swallowing. All the phases of swallow were affected. Aspiration was observed before and during the swallow, confirming the oropharyngeal dysphagia. All the subsystems were affected as per Frenchey Dysarthria Assessment signifying the diagnosis of flaccid dysarthria. Conclusion: There is an observable communication and swallowing difficulty seen following excision of glomus jugulare tumor. Even with complete resection, extensive rehabilitation may be necessary due to significant lower cranial nerve dysfunction. The finding of the present study stresses the need for involvement of as speech and swallowing therapist for pre-operative counseling and assessment of functional outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20outcome" title="functional outcome">functional outcome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glomus%20jugulare%20tumor%20excision" title=" glomus jugulare tumor excision"> glomus jugulare tumor excision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20cranial%20nerve%20impairment" title=" multiple cranial nerve impairment"> multiple cranial nerve impairment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20and%20swallowing" title=" speech and swallowing"> speech and swallowing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67016/functional-outcome-of-speech-voice-and-swallowing-following-excision-of-glomus-jugulare-tumor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12165</span> Validity and Reliability of Assessment of Language-Related Functional Activities: Evidence from Arab Aphasics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadeq%20Al%20Yaari">Sadeq Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nassr%20Almaflehi"> Nassr Almaflehi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20Al%20Yaari"> Ayman Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adham%20Al%20Yaari"> Adham Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Montaha%20Al%20Yaari"> Montaha Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aayah%20Al%20Yaari"> Aayah Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajedah%20Al%20Yaari"> Sajedah Al Yaari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Assessment of language-related functional activities (ALFA) is of vital importance in assessing aphasics’ performance of both sexes. However, the validity and reliability of this language therapeutic test has never been validated in the Arabic medical literature. Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate the test by assessing the language-related functional activities of 100 gender aphasics based in a medical faculty. Design: ALFA Pre-and-posttest was administered twice in three weeks to test the language-related functional activities of 100 gender aphasics. Settings: Al Khars hospital in Al Ahsa’a, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Participants: Sixteen to eight-year-old participants (N = 100 men and women) were enrolled in this experiment. Again, the purpose was to assess their language-related functional activities using ALFA. Procedures: The first step was to translate the English version of ALFA test into the mother tongue of the patients (Arabic). Secondly, the translated text is reviewed and edited by three specialists of Arabic language. Having the test standardized, the third step was to assess language-related functional activities of the participants in natural environment. Assessment took place in three weeks. In the first week, a pre-test was administered to the participants at hand and after two weeks, a post-test was administered to identify whether or not significant differences between the two tests (pre-and-posttest) could be observed. Interventions: Outcomes of the results obtained from the analyses were broadly discussed. Linguistic and statistical comparisons were held to illustrate the findings of this study. Main outcomes and Results: The analysis of the obtained results indicated that the performance of the aphasic participants in the post-test did not differ from that of the pre-test (, respectively). Conclusions & Implications: ALFA was proved to be a valid and reliable test. Moreover, outlined results pointed out the importance of assessing not only gender aphasics’ language, but also their language-related functional activities. Further research is needed to explore how gender aphasics’ verbal and non-verbal performances interact. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ALFA" title="ALFA">ALFA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20test" title=" language test"> language test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arab%20aphasics" title=" Arab aphasics"> Arab aphasics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validity" title=" validity"> validity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychoneurolinguistics." title=" psychoneurolinguistics."> psychoneurolinguistics.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186625/validity-and-reliability-of-assessment-of-language-related-functional-activities-evidence-from-arab-aphasics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186625.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">47</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12164</span> A Systematic Review of the Psychometric Properties of Augmentative and Alternative Communication Assessment Tools in Adolescents with Complex Communication Needs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadwah%20Onwi">Nadwah Onwi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puspa%20Maniam"> Puspa Maniam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azmawanie%20A.%20Aziz"> Azmawanie A. Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fairus%20Mukhtar"> Fairus Mukhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Azrita%20Mohamed%20Zin"> Nor Azrita Mohamed Zin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Haslina%20Mohd%20Zin"> Nurul Haslina Mohd Zin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Fatehah%20Ismail"> Nurul Fatehah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Safwan%20Yusoff"> Mohamad Safwan Yusoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susilidianamanalu%20Abd%20Rahman"> Susilidianamanalu Abd Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Munirah%20Harris"> Siti Munirah Harris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Aizuddin"> Maryam Aizuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Malaysia has a growing number of individuals with complex communication needs (CCN). The initiation of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) intervention may facilitate individuals with CCN to understand and express themselves optimally and actively participate in activities in their daily life. AAC is defined as multimodal use of communication ability to allow individuals to use every mode possible to communicate with others using a set of symbols or systems that may include the symbols, aids, techniques, and strategies. It is consequently critical to evaluate the deficits to inform treatment for AAC intervention. However, no known measurement tools are available to evaluate the user with CCN available locally. Design: A systematic review (SR) is designed to analyze the psychometric properties of AAC assessment for adolescents with CCN published in peer-reviewed journals. Tools are rated by the methodological quality of studies and the psychometric measurement qualities of each tool. Method: A literature search identifying AAC assessment tools with psychometrically robust properties and conceptual framework was considered. Two independent reviewers screened the abstracts and full-text articles and review bibliographies for further references. Data were extracted using standardized forms and study risk of bias was assessed. Result: The review highlights the psychometric properties of AAC assessment tools that can be used by speech-language therapists applicable to be used in the Malaysian context. The work outlines how systematic review methods may be applied to the consideration of published material that provides valuable data to initiate the development of Malay Language AAC assessment tools. Conclusion: The synthesis of evidence has provided a framework for Malaysia Speech-Language therapists in making an informed decision for AAC intervention in our standard operating procedure in the Ministry of Health, Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmentative%20and%20alternative%20communication" title="augmentative and alternative communication">augmentative and alternative communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title=" adolescents"> adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20communication%20needs" title=" complex communication needs"> complex communication needs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113227/a-systematic-review-of-the-psychometric-properties-of-augmentative-and-alternative-communication-assessment-tools-in-adolescents-with-complex-communication-needs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113227.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12163</span> Testifying in Court as a Victim of Crime for Persons with Little or No Functional Speech: Vocabulary Implications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robyn%20White">Robyn White</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Bornman"> Juan Bornman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ensa%20Johnson"> Ensa Johnson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> People with disabilities are at a high risk of becoming victims of crime. Individuals with little or no functional speech (LNFS) face an even higher risk. One way of reducing the risk of remaining a victim of crime is to face the alleged perpetrator in court as a witness – therefore it is important for a person with LNFS who has been a victim of crime to have the required vocabulary to testify in court. The aim of this study was to identify and describe the core and fringe legal vocabulary required by illiterate victims of crime, who have little or no functional speech, to testify in court as witnesses. A mixed-method, the exploratory sequential design consisting of two distinct phases was used to address the aim of the research. The first phase was of a qualitative nature and included two different data sources, namely in-depth semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions. The overall aim of this phase was to identify and describe core and fringe legal vocabulary and to develop a measurement instrument based on these results. Results from Phase 1 were used in Phase 2, the quantitative phase, during which the measurement instrument (a custom-designed questionnaire) was socially validated. The results produced six distinct vocabulary categories that represent the legal core vocabulary and 99 words that represent the legal fringe vocabulary. The findings suggested that communication boards should be individualised to the individual and the specific crime. It is believed that the vocabulary lists developed in this study act as a valid and reliable springboard from which communication boards can be developed. Recommendations were therefore made to develop an Alternative and Augmentative Communication Resource Tool Kit to assist the legal justice system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmentative%20and%20alternative%20communication" title="augmentative and alternative communication">augmentative and alternative communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=person%20with%20little%20or%20no%20functional%20speech" title=" person with little or no functional speech"> person with little or no functional speech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexual%20crimes" title=" sexual crimes"> sexual crimes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=testifying%20in%20court" title=" testifying in court"> testifying in court</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=victim%20of%20crime" title=" victim of crime"> victim of crime</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=witness%20competency" title=" witness competency"> witness competency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35754/testifying-in-court-as-a-victim-of-crime-for-persons-with-little-or-no-functional-speech-vocabulary-implications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12162</span> Decoding the Structure of Multi-Agent System Communication: A Comparative Analysis of Protocols and Paradigms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gulshad%20Azatova">Gulshad Azatova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aleksandr%20Kapitonov"> Aleksandr Kapitonov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natig%20Aminov"> Natig Aminov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Multiagent systems have gained significant attention in various fields, such as robotics, autonomous vehicles, and distributed computing, where multiple agents cooperate and communicate to achieve complex tasks. Efficient communication among agents is a crucial aspect of these systems, as it directly impacts their overall performance and scalability. This scholarly work provides an exploration of essential communication elements and conducts a comparative assessment of diverse protocols utilized in multiagent systems. The emphasis lies in scrutinizing the strengths, weaknesses, and applicability of these protocols across various scenarios. The research also sheds light on emerging trends within communication protocols for multiagent systems, including the incorporation of machine learning methods and the adoption of blockchain-based solutions to ensure secure communication. These trends provide valuable insights into the evolving landscape of multiagent systems and their communication protocols. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title="communication">communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20systems" title=" multi-agent systems"> multi-agent systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protocols" title=" protocols"> protocols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consensus" title=" consensus"> consensus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178909/decoding-the-structure-of-multi-agent-system-communication-a-comparative-analysis-of-protocols-and-paradigms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/178909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12161</span> A Fundamental Functional Equation for Lie Algebras</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ih-Ching%20Hsu">Ih-Ching Hsu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Inspired by the so called Jacobi Identity (x y) z + (y z) x + (z x) y = 0, the following class of functional equations EQ I: F [F (x, y), z] + F [F (y, z), x] + F [F (z, x), y] = 0 is proposed, researched and generalized. Research methodologies begin with classical methods for functional equations, then evolve into discovering of any implicit algebraic structures. One of this paper’s major findings is that EQ I, under two additional conditions F (x, x) = 0 and F (x, y) + F (y, x) = 0, proves to be a fundamental functional equation for Lie Algebras. Existence of non-trivial solutions for EQ I can be proven by defining F (p, q) = [p q] = pq –qp, where p and q are quaternions, and pq is the quaternion product of p and q. EQ I can be generalized to the following class of functional equations EQ II: F [G (x, y), z] + F [G (y, z), x] + F [G (z, x), y] = 0. Concluding Statement: With a major finding proven, and non-trivial solutions derived, this research paper illustrates and provides a new functional equation scheme for studies in two major areas: (1) What underlying algebraic structures can be defined and/or derived from EQ I or EQ II? (2) What conditions can be imposed so that conditional general solutions to EQ I and EQ II can be found, investigated and applied? <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fundamental%20functional%20equation" title="fundamental functional equation">fundamental functional equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalized%20functional%20equations" title=" generalized functional equations"> generalized functional equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lie%20algebras" title=" Lie algebras"> Lie algebras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quaternions" title=" quaternions"> quaternions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76600/a-fundamental-functional-equation-for-lie-algebras" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12160</span> Characterization of Optical Communication Channels as Non-Deterministic Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valentina%20Alessandra%20Carvalho%20do%20Vale">Valentina Alessandra Carvalho do Vale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elmo%20Thiago%20Lins%20C%C3%B6uras%20Ford"> Elmo Thiago Lins Cöuras Ford</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Increasingly telecommunications sectors are adopting optical technologies, due to its ability to transmit large amounts of data over long distances. However, as in all systems of data transmission, optical communication channels suffer from undesirable and non-deterministic effects, being essential to know the same. Thus, this research allows the assessment of these effects, as well as their characterization and beneficial uses of these effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20communication" title="optical communication">optical communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20fiber" title=" optical fiber"> optical fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-deterministic%20effects" title=" non-deterministic effects"> non-deterministic effects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telecommunication" title=" telecommunication"> telecommunication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18372/characterization-of-optical-communication-channels-as-non-deterministic-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">788</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12159</span> Assessment the Quality of Telecommunication Services by Fuzzy Inferences System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oktay%20Nusratov">Oktay Nusratov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramin%20Rzaev"> Ramin Rzaev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aydin%20Goyushov"> Aydin Goyushov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fuzzy inference method based approach to the forming of modular intellectual system of assessment the quality of communication services is proposed. Developed under this approach the basic fuzzy estimation model takes into account the recommendations of the International Telecommunication Union in respect of the operation of packet switching networks based on IP-protocol. To implement the main features and functions of the fuzzy control system of quality telecommunication services it is used multilayer feedforward neural network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20communication" title="quality of communication">quality of communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IP-telephony" title=" IP-telephony"> IP-telephony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20set" title=" fuzzy set"> fuzzy set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20implication" title=" fuzzy implication"> fuzzy implication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15543/assessment-the-quality-of-telecommunication-services-by-fuzzy-inferences-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12158</span> Assessment Methodology of E-government Projects for the Regions of Georgia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tina%20Melkoshvili">Tina Melkoshvili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drastic development of information and communication technologies in Georgia has led to the necessity of launching conceptually new, effective, flexible, transparent and society oriented form of government that is e-government. Through applying information technologies, the electronic system enables to raise the efficacy of state governance and increase citizens’ participation in the process. Focusing on the topic of e-government allows us to analyze success stories, attributed benefits and, at the same time, observes challenges hampering the government development process. There are number of methodologies elaborated to study the conditions in the field of electronic governance. They enable us to find out if the government is ready to apply broad opportunities of information and communication technologies and if the government is apt to improve the accessibility and quality of delivering mainly social services. This article seeks to provide comparative analysis of widely spread methodologies used for Electronic government projects’ assessment. It has been concluded that applying current methods of assessment in Georgia is related to difficulties due to inaccessible data and the necessity of involving number of experts. The article presents new indicators for e-government development assessment that reflect efficacy of e-government conception realization in the regions of Georgia and enables to provide quantitative evaluation of regional e-government projects including all significant aspects of development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development%20methodology" title="development methodology">development methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-government%20in%20Georgia" title=" e-government in Georgia"> e-government in Georgia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20and%20communication%20technologies" title=" information and communication technologies"> information and communication technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20government" title=" regional government"> regional government</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37061/assessment-methodology-of-e-government-projects-for-the-regions-of-georgia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12157</span> The Miller Umwelt Assessment Scale: A Tool for Planning Interventions for Children on the Autism Spectrum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20Mastrangelo">Sonia Mastrangelo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Miller Umwelt Assessment Scale is a useful tool for obtaining information about the developmental capacities of children on the autism spectrum. The assessment, made up of 19 tasks in the areas of: body organization, contact with surroundings, expressive and receptive communication, representation, and social-emotional development, has been used with much success over the past 40 years. While many assessments are difficult to administer to children on the autism spectrum, the simplicity of the MUAS reveals key strengths and challenges for both low and high functioning children on the spectrum. The results guide parents and clinicians in providing a curriculum and/or home program that moves children up the developmental ladder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism%20spectrum%20disorder" title="autism spectrum disorder">autism spectrum disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reading%20intervention" title=" reading intervention"> reading intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miller%20method" title=" Miller method "> Miller method </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17636/the-miller-umwelt-assessment-scale-a-tool-for-planning-interventions-for-children-on-the-autism-spectrum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17636.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">539</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12156</span> Consumer Choice Determinants in Context of Functional Food</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Grochowska-Niedworok">E. Grochowska-Niedworok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Bruka%C5%82o"> K. Brukało</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kardas"> M. Kardas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate the consumption of functional food by consumers by: age, sex, formal education level, place of residence and diagnosed diseases. The study employed an ad hoc questionnaire in a group of 300 inhabitants of Upper Silesia voivodship. Knowledge of functional food among the group covered in the study was far from satisfactory. The choice of functional food was of intuitive character. In addition, the group covered was more likely to choose pharmacotherapy instead of diet-related prevention then, which can be associated with presumption of too distant effects and a long period of treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20choice" title="consumer choice">consumer choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20food" title=" functional food"> functional food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthy%20lifestyle" title=" healthy lifestyle"> healthy lifestyle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20knowledge" title=" consumer knowledge"> consumer knowledge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62371/consumer-choice-determinants-in-context-of-functional-food" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62371.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12155</span> Storage Tank Overfill Protection in Compliance with Functional Safety Standard: IEC 61511</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Alsada">Hassan Alsada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tank overfill accidents are major concerns for industries handling large volumes of hydrocarbons. Buncefield, Jaipur, Puerto Rico, and West Virginia are just a few accidents with catastrophic consequences. Thus, it is very important for any industry to take the right safety measures for overfill prevention. Moreover, one of the main causative factors in the overfill accidents was inadequate risk analysis and, subsequently, inadequate design. This study aims to provide a full assessment in accordance with the Functional safety standard: “IEC 615 11 – Safety instrumented systems for the process industry” to the tank overfill scenario according to the standard’s Safety Life Cycle (SLC), which includes: the analysis phase, the implementation phase, and the operation phase. The paper discusses in depth the tank overfills Independent Protection Layers (IPLs) with systematic analysis to avoid the safety risks of under-design and the financial risk of facility overdesign. The result shows a clear and systematic assessment in compliance with the standards that can help to assist existing tank overfilling setup or a guide to support designing new storage facilities overfill protection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IEC%2061511" title="IEC 61511">IEC 61511</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PHA" title=" PHA"> PHA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LOPA" title=" LOPA"> LOPA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20safety" title=" process safety"> process safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20instrumented%20systems" title=" safety instrumented systems"> safety instrumented systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20instrumented%20function" title=" safety instrumented function"> safety instrumented function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20safety" title=" functional safety"> functional safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20life%20cycle" title=" safety life cycle"> safety life cycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160747/storage-tank-overfill-protection-in-compliance-with-functional-safety-standard-iec-61511" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12154</span> Effective Communication Within Workplace: Key to Growth of Business </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamta">Mamta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Communication is the mixture of the various activities such as words, body language, volume and voice tone. Mankind has always throughout its history had the necessity for communication. It starts from birth and continues throughout life. Communication is just the right means of success and advancement in a workplace. Communication is one of the means to connect to different people at far distances. The modern workplace is inherently collaborative, and this collaboration relies on effective communication among co-workers. Also it has been observed that a lack in good communication skills especially within a workplace can result in conflicts and chaos hence hindering the productivity of an organization. Thus there is a dire need for developing good and effective communication skills which will result in increase in productivity and will enhance its efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20skills" title="communication skills">communication skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=professional%20communication" title=" professional communication"> professional communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workplace%20communication" title=" workplace communication"> workplace communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workplace%20efficiency" title=" workplace efficiency "> workplace efficiency </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14304/effective-communication-within-workplace-key-to-growth-of-business" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14304.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12153</span> Design, Development by Functional Analysis in UML and Static Test of a Multimedia Voice and Video Communication Platform on IP for a Use Adapted to the Context of Local Businesses in Lubumbashi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Blaise%20Fyama">Blaise Fyama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elie%20Museng"> Elie Museng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grace%20Mukoma"> Grace Mukoma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article we present a java implementation of video telephony using the SIP protocol (Session Initiation Protocol). After a functional analysis of the SIP protocol, we relied on the work of Italian researchers of University of Parma-Italy to acquire adequate libraries for the development of our own communication tool. In order to optimize the code and improve the prototype, we used, in an incremental approach, test techniques based on a static analysis based on the evaluation of the complexity of the software with the application of metrics and the number cyclomatic of Mccabe. The objective is to promote the emergence of local start-ups producing IP video in a well understood local context. We have arrived at the creation of a video telephony tool whose code is optimized. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20analysis" title="static analysis">static analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coding%20complexity%20metric%20mccabe" title=" coding complexity metric mccabe"> coding complexity metric mccabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sip" title=" Sip"> Sip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uml" title=" uml"> uml</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126181/design-development-by-functional-analysis-in-uml-and-static-test-of-a-multimedia-voice-and-video-communication-platform-on-ip-for-a-use-adapted-to-the-context-of-local-businesses-in-lubumbashi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126181.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12152</span> Internal and External Factors Affecting Teachers’ Adoption of Formative Assessment to Support Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kemal%20Izci">Kemal Izci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Assessment forms an important part of instruction. Assessment that aims to support learning is known as formative assessment and it contributes student’s learning gain and motivation. However, teachers rarely use assessment formatively to aid their students’ learning. Thus, reviewing the factors that limit or support teachers’ practices of formative assessment will be crucial for guiding educators to support prospective teachers in using formative assessment and also eliminate limiting factors to let practicing teachers to engage in formative assessment practices during their instruction. The study, by using teacher’s change environment framework, reviews literature on formative assessment and presents a tentative model that illustrates the factors impacting teachers’ adoption of formative assessment in their teaching. The results showed that there are four main factors consisting personal, contextual, resource-related and external factors that influence teachers’ practices of formative assessment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment%20practices" title="assessment practices">assessment practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formative%20assessment" title=" formative assessment"> formative assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20education" title=" teacher education"> teacher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factors%20for%20use%20of%20formative%20assessment" title=" factors for use of formative assessment"> factors for use of formative assessment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54511/internal-and-external-factors-affecting-teachers-adoption-of-formative-assessment-to-support-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12151</span> Effect of Thermal Pretreatment on Functional Properties of Chicken Protein Hydrolysate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nutnicha%20Wongpadungkiat">Nutnicha Wongpadungkiat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suwit%20Siriwatanayotin"> Suwit Siriwatanayotin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aluck%20Thipayarat"> Aluck Thipayarat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Punchira%20Vongsawasdi"> Punchira Vongsawasdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chotika%20Viriyarattanasak"> Chotika Viriyarattanasak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chicken products are major export product of Thailand. With a dramatically increasing consumption of chicken product in the world, there are abundant wastes from chicken meat processing industry. Recently, much research in the development of value-added products from chicken meat industry has focused on the production of protein hydrolysate, utilized as food ingredients for human diet and animal feed. The present study aimed to determine the effect of thermal pre-treatment on functional properties of chicken protein hydrolysate. Chicken breasts were heated at 40, 60, 80 and 100ºC prior to hydrolysis by Alcalase at 60ºC, pH 8 for 4 hr. The hydrolysate was freeze-dried, and subsequently used for assessment of its functional properties molecular weight by gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The obtained results show that increasing the pre-treatment temperature increased oil holding capacity and emulsion stability while decreasing antioxidant activity and water holding capacity. The SDS-PAGE analysis showed the evidence of protein aggregation in the hydrolysate treated at the higher pre-treatment temperature. These results suggest the connection between molecular weight of the hydrolysate and its functional properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chicken%20protein%20hydrolysate" title="chicken protein hydrolysate">chicken protein hydrolysate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enzymatic%20hydrolysis" title=" enzymatic hydrolysis"> enzymatic hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20pretreatment" title=" thermal pretreatment"> thermal pretreatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20properties" title=" functional properties"> functional properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56093/effect-of-thermal-pretreatment-on-functional-properties-of-chicken-protein-hydrolysate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12150</span> Fall Prevention: Evidence-Based Intervention in Exercise Program Implementation for Keeping Older Adults Safe and Active</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20Holbein">Jennifer Holbein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maritza%20Wiedel"> Maritza Wiedel </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Aging is associated with an increased risk of falls in older adults, and as a result, falls have become public health crises. However, the incidence of falls can be reduced through healthy aging and the implementation of a regular exercise and strengthening program. Public health and healthcare professionals authorize the use of evidence‐based, exercise‐focused fall interventions, but there are major obstacles to translating and disseminating research findings into healthcare practices. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of an intervention, A Matter of Balance, in terms of demand, acceptability, and implementation into current exercise programs. Subjects: Seventy-five participants from rural communities, above the age of sixty, were randomized to an intervention or attention-control of the standardized senior fitness test. Methods: Subject completes the intervention, which combines two components: (1) motivation and (2) fall-reducing physical activities with protocols derived from baseline strength and balanced assessments. Participants (n=75) took part in the program after completing baseline functional assessments as well as evaluations of their personal knowledge, health outcomes, demand, and implementation interventions. After 8-weeks of the program, participants were invited to complete follow-up assessments with results that were compared to their baseline functional analyses. Out of all the participants in the study who complete the initial assessment, approximately 80% are expected to maintain enrollment in the implemented prescription. Furthermore, those who commit to the program should show mitigation of fall risk upon completion of their final assessment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20population" title="aging population">aging population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercise" title=" exercise"> exercise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=falls" title=" falls"> falls</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20assessment" title=" functional assessment"> functional assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthy%20aging" title=" healthy aging"> healthy aging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114034/fall-prevention-evidence-based-intervention-in-exercise-program-implementation-for-keeping-older-adults-safe-and-active" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12149</span> Monotonicity of the Jensen Functional for f-Divergences via the Zipf-Mandelbrot Law</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neda%20Lovri%C4%8Devi%C4%87">Neda Lovričević</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%90ilda%20%20Pe%C4%8Dari%C4%87"> Đilda Pečarić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Josip%20Pe%C4%8Dari%C4%87"> Josip Pečarić</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Jensen functional in its discrete form is brought in relation to the Csiszar divergence functional, this time via its monotonicity property. This approach presents a generalization of the previously obtained results that made use of interpolating Jensen-type inequalities. Thus the monotonicity property is integrated with the Zipf-Mandelbrot law and applied to f-divergences for probability distributions that originate from the Csiszar divergence functional: Kullback-Leibler divergence, Hellinger distance, Bhattacharyya distance, chi-square divergence, total variation distance. The Zipf-Mandelbrot and the Zipf law are widely used in various scientific fields and interdisciplinary and here the focus is on the aspect of the mathematical inequalities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jensen%20functional" title="Jensen functional">Jensen functional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monotonicity" title=" monotonicity"> monotonicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Csiszar%20divergence%20functional" title=" Csiszar divergence functional"> Csiszar divergence functional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=f-divergences" title=" f-divergences"> f-divergences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zipf-Mandelbrot%20law" title=" Zipf-Mandelbrot law"> Zipf-Mandelbrot law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107243/monotonicity-of-the-jensen-functional-for-f-divergences-via-the-zipf-mandelbrot-law" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107243.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12148</span> The Role of Eclectic Approach to Teach Communicative Function at Secondary Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fariha%20Asif">Fariha Asif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of eclectic approach in teaching of communicative functions. The objectives of the study were to get the information about the use of communicative functions through eclectic approach and to point out the most effective way of teaching functional communication and social interaction with the help of communicative activities through eclectic approach. The next step was to select sample from the selected population. As the research was descriptive so a questionnaire was developed on the basis of hypothesis and distributed to different selected schools of Lahore, Pakistan. Then data was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted through computer by finding percentages of different responses given by teachers to see the results. It was concluded that eclectic approach is effective in teaching communicative functions and communicative functions are better when taught through eclectic approach and communicative activities are more appropriate way of teaching communicative functions. It was found those teachers who were qualified in ELT gave better opinions as compare to those who did not have this degree. Techniques like presentations, dialogues and roleplay proved to be effective for teaching functional communication through communicative activities and also motivate the students not only in learning rules but also in using them to communicate with others. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methodology" title="methodology">methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functions" title=" functions"> functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching" title=" teaching"> teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESP" title=" ESP"> ESP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19494/the-role-of-eclectic-approach-to-teach-communicative-function-at-secondary-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19494.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">569</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12147</span> Security Risks Assessment: A Conceptualization and Extension of NFC Touch-And-Go Application </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ku%20Aina%20Afiqah%20Ku%20Adzman">Ku Aina Afiqah Ku Adzman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manmeet%20Mahinderjit%20Singh"> Manmeet Mahinderjit Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zarul%20Fitri%20Zaaba"> Zarul Fitri Zaaba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> NFC operates on low-range 13.56 MHz frequency within a distance from 4cm to 10cm, and the applications can be categorized as touch and go, touch and confirm, touch and connect, and touch and explore. NFC applications are vulnerable to various security and privacy attacks such due to its physical nature; unprotected data stored in NFC tag and insecure communication between its applications. This paper aims to determine the likelihood of security risks happening in an NFC technology and application. We present an NFC technology taxonomy covering NFC standards, types of application and various security and privacy attack. Based on observations and the survey presented to evaluate the risk assessment within the touch and go application demonstrates two security attacks that are high risks namely data corruption and DOS attacks. After the risks are determined, risk countermeasures by using AHP is adopted. The guideline and solutions to these two high risks, attacks are later applied to a secure NFC-enabled Smartphone Attendance System. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Near%20Field%20Communication%20%28NFC%29" title="Near Field Communication (NFC)">Near Field Communication (NFC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-criteria%20decision%20making" title=" multi-criteria decision making"> multi-criteria decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Analytical%20Hierarchy%20Process%20%28AHP%29" title=" Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)"> Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66165/security-risks-assessment-a-conceptualization-and-extension-of-nfc-touch-and-go-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66165.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">302</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20communication%20assessment&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20communication%20assessment&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20communication%20assessment&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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