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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-南渡" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#南渡"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>南渡</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-南渡-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-建國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#建國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>建國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-建國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-政績" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#政績"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>政績</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-政績-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關古跡" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關古跡"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>相關古跡</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關古跡-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关參考文獻子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>參考</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">罗芳伯</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。4种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luo_Fangbo" title="Luo Fangbo – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Luo Fangbo" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luo_Fangbo" title="Luo Fangbo – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Luo Fangbo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luo_Fangbo" title="Luo Fangbo – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Luo Fangbo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" title="羅芳伯 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="羅芳伯" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11608618#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" 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#a2a9b1;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .infobox.bordered .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1}</style><table class="infobox bordered vcard" style="width: 21em; font-size: 89%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="color: #000; background-color: #FFFFDD; font-size: 120%; text-align: center;">羅芳伯</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Luo_Fangbo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Luo_Fangbo.jpg/220px-Luo_Fangbo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Luo_Fangbo.jpg/330px-Luo_Fangbo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Luo_Fangbo.jpg/440px-Luo_Fangbo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="870" data-file-height="1074" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:center;background:#CDDBE8; color: #000; font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E8%8A%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="蘭芳共和國"><img alt="蘭芳共和國" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg/22px-Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg/33px-Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg/44px-Lanfang_Republic_Reconstructed_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E8%8A%B3%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B1%E5%88%B6%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="蘭芳大統制共和國">蘭芳大統制共和國</a>大唐總長</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">籍貫</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="廣東省">廣東省</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E7%B8%A3%E5%8D%80" class="mw-redirect" title="梅縣區">梅縣</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">族裔</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="漢族">漢族</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">原名</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">羅芳柏</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap;">1738年<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B8%85" class="mw-redirect" title="大清">大清</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="廣東省">廣東省</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E6%87%89%E7%9B%B4%E9%9A%B8%E5%B7%9E" title="嘉應直隸州">嘉应州</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="white-space: nowrap;">1795年（<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E8%8A%B3" title="蘭芳">蘭芳</a>19年）<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg/22px-Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg/33px-Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg/44px-Flag_of_Pontianak_Sultanate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A4%E7%94%B8%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E5%9B%BD" title="坤甸苏丹国">坤甸苏丹国</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">親屬</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span class="org">父親羅啟龍，母親楊氏</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>羅芳伯</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E8%AA%9E" title="荷蘭語">荷蘭語</a>：De thaiko<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lo Fong-phak<sup id="cite_ref-“荷蘭”_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-“荷蘭”-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>；<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="英語">英語</a>：Lo Fong Pak，1738年—1795年），原名<b>芳柏</b>，出生於<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%9D%B1%E7%9C%81" class="mw-redirect" title="廣東省">廣東省</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%98%89%E6%87%89%E7%9B%B4%E9%9A%B8%E5%B7%9E" title="嘉應直隸州">嘉应州</a>石扇堡（Sak-san-po<sup id="cite_ref-“荷蘭”_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-“荷蘭”-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>），<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="客家人">客家人</a>，為世上首名<a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E4%BA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="華人">華人</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E7%B5%B1" title="總統">總統</a>，亦是<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E8%8A%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="蘭芳共和國">蘭芳共和國</a>的立國者。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="南渡"><span id=".E5.8D.97.E6.B8.A1"></span>南渡</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：南渡"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1772年（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E9%9A%86" title="乾隆">乾隆</a>三十七年），羅芳伯因<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%A1%E8%AF%95" title="乡试">鄉試</a>不第，「乃懷壯遊之志」，與百餘名親戚朋友经<a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E9%97%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="虎门">虎门</a>出海，前往<a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="婆羅洲">婆羅洲</a>。羅氏亦作〈遊金山賦〉，以記述其事。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> </p><p>當時<a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="婆羅洲">婆羅洲</a>已經有不少的華人在此居住。最早羅芳伯以教書爲業，但是因為羅芳伯文化背景高、有膽識並懂武術，不但能夠團結華人，又能與當地土人合作，深受當地土著以及華僑的擁戴。羅芳伯因為有較高的文化素質和出眾的組織才能，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A4%E7%94%B8" title="坤甸">坤甸</a>一帶華人中享有很高的威信，所以被各地<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E9%84%89%E6%9C%83" title="同鄉會">同鄉會</a>推舉為領袖。但是當時婆羅洲島上不但有七個採礦公司之間互相爭鬥，外部又有<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%AA%E5%93%87%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="爪哇島">爪哇島</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="荷蘭東印度公司">荷蘭東印度公司</a>的武裝入侵，羅芳伯便積極聯絡蘇丹和當地土著頭人，成立華人與當地民衆相結合的軍隊，兩次擊退荷蘭軍隊，取得了<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E8%90%AC%E5%BE%8B" title="東萬律">東萬律</a>的管轄權。羅芳伯曾与坤甸<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A0%E6%AA%80" class="mw-redirect" title="素檀">素檀</a>联合出兵平乱。苏丹为此备酒设宴庆贺。<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E9%9B%84%E9%A3%9B" title="溫雄飛">温雄飞</a>在《南洋華僑通史·羅芳伯传》中，對於此事有如下記述：<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61209892">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{margin-top:0;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1em;text-align:left;padding-left:2em;margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite cite{font-size:small}</style> </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><p>越土人谋叛，苏丹筹备军费，遗羅芳伯征之。芳伯乃用明修栈道，暗度陈仓之设，果大捷，土人死伤甚众。苏丹得报大喜，及置酒作乐，为芳伯寿，席间举酌掀起而言曰：居有大动劳我族，顾约为兄弟，世世子孙，毋相忘也。芳伯唯之。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p><br /> </p><p>羅芳伯原配梅縣李氏，繼配婆羅洲<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%94%E9%9B%85%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="達雅族">達雅族</a>人。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="建國"><span id=".E5.BB.BA.E5.9C.8B"></span>建國</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：建國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85099211">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E8%8A%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="蘭芳共和國">蘭芳共和國</a></div> <p>1777年，羅芳伯根據當地人民的意見，以<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E8%90%AC%E5%BE%8B" title="東萬律">東萬律</a>爲首府，著手建立<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E8%8A%B3%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="蘭芳公司">蘭芳公司</a>，並組織<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E8%8A%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="蘭芳共和國">蘭芳大總制共和國</a>。羅芳伯稱「<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90" class="mw-redirect" title="大唐">大唐</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B8%BD%E9%95%B7" class="mw-disambig" title="總長">總長</a>」，敬稱爲芳伯。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="政績"><span id=".E6.94.BF.E7.B8.BE"></span>政績</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：政績"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>羅芳伯在任內期間，領導人民改進農耕技術、並且擴大礦產的開採，發展交通事業，同時創辦學校，建立全民皆兵，組織青壯年參加軍事訓練，平時務工、務農、經商，戰時集結打仗，並設有兵工廠，製造槍炮，建立鞏固的防務，並且與中國有貿易上的往來。蘭芳共和國成立19年（1795年）後，羅芳伯因病在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A4%E7%94%B8" title="坤甸">坤甸</a>逝世，終年58歲，臨終前他推薦有功績且武藝超群的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B1%9F%E6%88%8A%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="江戊伯（页面不存在）">江戊伯</a>繼任，保證了政局的平穩。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關古跡"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E5.8F.A4.E8.B7.A1"></span>相關古跡</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：相關古跡"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>羅芳伯等人所建立的業績，一直爲後人所敬仰，東萬律有紀念他的芳伯公學，<a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A4%E7%94%B8" title="坤甸">坤甸</a>有羅芳伯紀念廳和墓園，其家鄉梅縣石扇梅北中學內有羅芳伯紀念堂。<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E8%8A%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B" title="蘭芳共和國">蘭芳共和國</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">漢字：太哥。來源：蘭芳公司歷代年冊 Groot, J.J.M. (1885), Het Kongsiwezen van Borneo: eene verhandeling over den grondslag en den aard der chineesche politieke vereenigingen in de koloniën, The Hague: M. Nijhof.Page 54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-“荷蘭”-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-“荷蘭”_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-“荷蘭”_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Groot, J.J.M. (1885), Het Kongsiwezen van Borneo: eene verhandeling over den grondslag en den aard der chineesche politieke vereenigingen in de koloniën, The Hague: M. Nijhof.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">羅香林. 《西婆羅洲羅芳伯等所建共和國考》. 香港: 中國學社. 1961: 頁33、42–43 <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文网页">（中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&rft.au=%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%99%E6%9E%97&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E8%A5%BF%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2%E7%BE%85%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF%E7%AD%89%E6%89%80%E5%BB%BA%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E8%80%83%E3%80%8B&rft.date=1961&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=%E9%A0%8133%E3%80%8142-43&rft.place=%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF&rft.pub=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%AD%B8%E7%A4%BE&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">下南洋：精彩摘錄. 《<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E6%B4%B2%E6%97%A5%E5%A0%B1" title="星洲日報">星洲日報</a>》. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160505013600/http://www.sinchew.com.my/qingyi85/page.php?p=page10">存档</a>于2016-05-05） <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">使用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|archiveurl=</code>需要含有<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#archive_missing_url" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span>. <q>蓋聞金山之勝地，時懷仰止之私衷。地雖屬蠻夷之域，界仍居南海之中。歲值壬辰，節界應鐘。登舟自虎門而出，南征之馬首是東。</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&rft.atitle=%E4%B8%8B%E5%8D%97%E6%B4%8B%EF%BC%9A%E7%B2%BE%E5%BD%A9%E6%91%98%E9%8C%84&rft.genre=article&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|chapter=</code>被忽略 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#chapter_ignored" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">使用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|accessdate=</code>需要含有<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#accessdate_missing_url" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E9%9B%84%E9%A3%9B" title="溫雄飛">温雄飞</a>. 《南洋華僑通史》. 上海: 東方印書館. 1929年.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&rft.au=%E6%B8%A9%E9%9B%84%E9%A3%9E&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%B4%8B%E8%8F%AF%E5%83%91%E9%80%9A%E5%8F%B2%E3%80%8B&rft.date=1929&rft.genre=book&rft.place=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7&rft.pub=%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E5%8D%B0%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">赵池凹. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.china.com.cn/chinese/feature/1118181.htm">消失的华人国家兰芳共和国</a>. 《文摘周报》 (<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BD%91" title="中国网">中国网</a>). 2006年1月27日 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [2014年9月21日]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161214174008/http://www.china.com.cn/chinese/feature/1118181.htm">存档</a>于2016年12月14日）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&rft.atitle=%E6%B6%88%E5%A4%B1%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%B0%E8%8A%B3%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD&rft.au=%E8%B5%B5%E6%B1%A0%E5%87%B9&rft.date=2006-01-27&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E3%80%8A%E6%96%87%E6%91%98%E5%91%A8%E6%8A%A5%E3%80%8B&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.china.com.cn%2Fchinese%2Ffeature%2F1118181.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="參考"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83"></span>參考</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：參考"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%99%E6%9E%97" class="mw-redirect" title="羅香林">羅香林</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=yQeqTGa9FeYC">《西婆羅洲羅芳伯等所建共和國考》</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="上海">上海</a>: <a href="/wiki/%E5%95%86%E5%8B%99%E5%8D%B0%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="商務印書館">商務印書館</a>. 1941年. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/33472108"><span title="OCLC">OCLC 33472108</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%BD%97%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF&rft.au=%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%99%E6%9E%97&rft.btitle=%E3%80%8A%E8%A5%BF%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2%E7%BE%85%E8%8A%B3%E4%BC%AF%E7%AD%89%E6%89%80%E5%BB%BA%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%8B%E8%80%83%E3%80%8B&rft.date=1941&rft.genre=book&rft.place=%E4%B8%8A%E6%B5%B7&rft.pub=%E5%95%86%E5%8B%99%E5%8D%B0%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyQeqTGa9FeYC&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F33472108&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B1%9F%E6%88%8A%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="江戊伯（页面不存在）">江戊伯</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%97%95%E5%9B%9B%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="闕四伯（页面不存在）">闕四伯</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ 江戊伯<small>（復任）</small></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%8F%92%E4%BC%AF" title="宋插伯">宋插伯</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%89%E5%8F%B0%E4%BA%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="劉台二（页面不存在）">劉台二</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%AD%E4%BC%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古六伯（页面不存在）">古六伯</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AC%9D%E6%A1%82%E8%8A%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="謝桂芳（页面不存在）">謝桂芳</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%91%89%E9%A8%B0%E8%BC%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="葉騰輝（页面不存在）">葉騰輝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%89%E6%B7%B5_(%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E7%B8%BD%E9%95%B7)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="劉淵 (大唐總長)（页面不存在）">劉鼎</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E9%98%BF%E7%94%9F" title="劉阿生">劉阿生</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%89%E4%BA%AE%E5%AE%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="劉亮官（页面不存在）">劉亮官</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ 劉阿生<small>（復任）</small></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">職官</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E7%B8%BD%E9%95%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大唐總長（页面不存在）">大唐總長</a> | <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%83%E8%AC%80%E8%BB%8D%E5%B8%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="參謀軍師（页面不存在）">副總長</a> 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title="茅恩府（页面不存在）">茅恩府</a> |</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%86%E6%97%A5%E7%B8%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="昆日縣（页面不存在）">昆日縣</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">司法單位</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%AC%E9%82%A3%E8%A3%81%E5%88%A4%E5%BB%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="萬那裁判廳（页面不存在）">萬那裁判廳</a> | <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%90%AC%E8%AB%B8%E5%B1%85%E8%A3%81%E5%88%A4%E5%BB%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="萬諸居裁判廳（页面不存在）">萬諸居裁判廳</a> |</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%A1%E6%B0%B4%E6%B8%AF%E8%A3%81%E5%88%A4%E5%BB%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="淡水港裁判廳（页面不存在）">淡水港裁判廳</a> |</span> <span class="nowrap"><a 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