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id="toc-Backup_crew" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Backup_crew"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Backup crew</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Backup_crew-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crew_seat_assignments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crew_seat_assignments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Crew seat assignments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crew_seat_assignments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crew_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crew_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Crew notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crew_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mission_summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mission_summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mission summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mission_summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mission_insignia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mission_insignia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mission insignia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mission_insignia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> 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id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">STS-51-J</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51J" title="STS-51J – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="STS-51J" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3-%DB%B5%DB%B1-%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="اس‌تی‌اس-۵۱-جی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اس‌تی‌اس-۵۱-جی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS%E2%80%9351%E2%80%93J" title="STS–51–J – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="STS–51–J" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51J" title="STS-51J – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="STS-51J" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/STS-51-J" title="STS-51-J – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="STS-51-J" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q524091#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1089065853">.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight{width:25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight .infobox-header{background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .ib-edit-wd{float:right}</style><table class="infobox ib-spaceflight"><caption class="infobox-title">STS-51-J</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:DSCS-III_STS-51-J.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/DSCS-III_STS-51-J.jpg/170px-DSCS-III_STS-51-J.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="252" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/DSCS-III_STS-51-J.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="370" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Defense_Satellite_Communications_System" title="Defense Satellite Communications System">DSCS-III</a> satellites in <i>Atlantis</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span> payload bay</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Names</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Space_Transportation_System" title="Space Transportation System">Space Transportation System</a>-21</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission type</th><td class="infobox-data">Satellite deployment</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">U.S. DoD</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1985-092A">1985-092A</a></span><span class="ib-edit-wd"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524091#P247" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Catalog_Number" title="Satellite Catalog Number">SATCAT <abbr title="number">no.</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">16115<span style="float:right"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524091?uselang=en#P377" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission duration</th><td class="infobox-data">4 days, 1 hour, 44 minutes and 38 seconds</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Distance travelled</th><td class="infobox-data">2,707,948 km (1,682,641 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Orbits completed</th><td class="infobox-data">64</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Spacecraft properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spacecraft</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></span> <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis"><i>Atlantis</i></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch mass</th><td class="infobox-data">N/A</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landing mass</th><td class="infobox-data">86,400 kg (190,500 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Payload mass</th><td class="infobox-data">19,968 kg (44,022 lb)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Crew</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Crew size</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Members</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karol_J._Bobko" title="Karol J. Bobko">Karol J. Bobko</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_J._Grabe" title="Ronald J. Grabe">Ronald J. Grabe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/David_C._Hilmers" title="David C. Hilmers">David C. Hilmers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Stewart" title="Robert L. Stewart">Robert L. Stewart</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Pailes" title="William A. Pailes">William A. Pailes</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Start of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">October 3, 1985, 15:15:30<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">October 3, 1985, 15:15:30</span>)</span><span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a> (11:15:30<span class="nowrap"> </span>am<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Daylight Time">EDT</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch site</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39A" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A">LC-39A</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Contractor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_International" title="Rockwell International">Rockwell International</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">End of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landing date</th><td class="infobox-data">October 7, 1985, 17:00:08 UTC<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">October 7, 1985, 17:00:08 UTC</span>)</span><span class="nowrap"> </span>UTC (10:00:08<span class="nowrap"> </span>am<span class="nowrap"> </span><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific Daylight Time">PDT</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landing site</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Edwards_Air_Force_Base" title="Edwards Air Force Base">Edwards</a>, Runway<span class="nowrap"> </span>23</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Orbital parameters</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geocentric_orbit" title="Geocentric orbit">Geocentric orbit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Regime</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">Low Earth orbit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Perigee altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">475 km (295 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Apogee altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">484 km (301 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_inclination" title="Orbital inclination">Inclination</a></th><td class="infobox-data">28.50°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">Period</a></th><td class="infobox-data">94.20 minutes</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sts-51-j-patch.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Sts-51-j-patch.png/180px-Sts-51-j-patch.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Sts-51-j-patch.png/270px-Sts-51-j-patch.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Sts-51-j-patch.png/360px-Sts-51-j-patch.png 2x" data-file-width="2718" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><br />STS-51-J mission patch<br /> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:STS-51-J_crew.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/STS-51-J_crew.jpg/220px-STS-51-J_crew.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/STS-51-J_crew.jpg/330px-STS-51-J_crew.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/STS-51-J_crew.jpg/440px-STS-51-J_crew.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3876" data-file-height="3101" /></a></span><br />From left: <a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Stewart" title="Robert L. Stewart">Stewart</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_C._Hilmers" title="David C. Hilmers">Hilmers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karol_J._Bobko" title="Karol J. Bobko">Bobko</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_A._Pailes" title="William A. Pailes">Pailes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ronald_J._Grabe" title="Ronald J. Grabe">Grabe</a><div class="" style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle program</a></div><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/STS-51-I" title="STS-51-I">STS-51-I</a> (20)</div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/STS-61-A" title="STS-61-A">STS-61-A</a> (22) →</div></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>STS-51-J</b> was <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>'s 21st <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a> mission and the maiden flight of <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis">Space Shuttle <i>Atlantis</i></a>. It launched from <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a>, <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, on October 3, 1985, carrying a payload for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">U.S. Department of Defense</a> (DoD), and landed at <a href="/wiki/Edwards_Air_Force_Base" title="Edwards Air Force Base">Edwards Air Force Base</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, on October 7, 1985. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crew">Crew</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Crew"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:150px;"><a href="/wiki/Astronaut_ranks_and_positions" title="Astronaut ranks and positions">Position</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width:200px;">Astronaut </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Commander </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Karol_J._Bobko" title="Karol J. Bobko">Karol J. Bobko</a><br />Third and last spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Pilot </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ronald_J._Grabe" title="Ronald J. Grabe">Ronald J. Grabe</a><br />First spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mission Specialist 1 </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/David_C._Hilmers" title="David C. Hilmers">David C. Hilmers</a><br />First spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Mission Specialist 2<br />Flight Engineer </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Stewart" title="Robert L. Stewart">Robert L. Stewart</a><br />Second and last spaceflight </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Payload Specialist 1 </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/William_A._Pailes" title="William A. Pailes">William A. Pailes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manned_Spaceflight_Engineer_Program" title="Manned Spaceflight Engineer Program">MSE</a><br />Only spaceflight </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Backup_crew">Backup crew</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Backup crew"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:150px;"><a href="/wiki/Astronaut_ranks_and_positions" title="Astronaut ranks and positions">Position</a> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width:200px;">Astronaut </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Payload Specialist 1 </th> <td colspan="2">Michael W. Booen, <a href="/wiki/Manned_Spaceflight_Engineer_Program" title="Manned Spaceflight Engineer Program">MSE</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crew_seat_assignments">Crew seat assignments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Crew seat assignments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Seat<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Launch </th> <th>Landing </th> <td rowspan="8"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg/150px-Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg/225px-Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg/300px-Space_Shuttle_seating_plan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="834" /></a></span><br />Seats 1–4 are on the flight deck.<br />Seats 5–7 are on the mid-deck. </td></tr> <tr> <th>1 </th> <td colspan="2">Bobko </td></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td colspan="2">Grabe </td></tr> <tr> <th>3 </th> <td colspan="2">Hilmers </td></tr> <tr> <th>4 </th> <td colspan="2">Stewart </td></tr> <tr> <th>5 </th> <td colspan="2">Pailes </td></tr> <tr> <th>6 </th> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:lightgray"><i>Unused</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th>7 </th> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:lightgray"><i>Unused</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crew_notes">Crew notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Crew notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All five astronauts on the secret mission were active-duty military officers.<sup id="cite_ref-blakeslee_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blakeslee-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before William A. Pailes was assigned to the STS-51-J flight, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Mullane" title="Mike Mullane">Mike Mullane</a> was rumored to have been assigned as mission specialist 3 on his second trip to space. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission_summary">Mission summary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Mission summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>STS-51-J launched on October 3, 1985, at 15:15:30 <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a> (11:15:30 a.m. <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Time_Zone" title="Eastern Time Zone">EDT</a>), from <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39A" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39A">Launch Pad 39A</a> at the Kennedy Space Center. The launch was delayed by 22 minutes and 30 seconds due to a problem with a main engine <a href="/wiki/Liquid_hydrogen" title="Liquid hydrogen">liquid hydrogen</a> prevalve close remote power controller; the controller was showing a faulty "on" indication. </p><p>The mission was the second shuttle flight totally dedicated to deploying a United States Department of Defense payload,<sup id="cite_ref-blakeslee_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-blakeslee-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after <a href="/wiki/STS-51-C" title="STS-51-C">STS-51-C</a>. Its cargo was classified, but it was reported that two (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1985-092B">USA-11</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1985-092C">USA-12</a>) DSCS-III (<a href="/wiki/Defense_Satellite_Communications_System" title="Defense Satellite Communications System">Defense Satellite Communications System</a>) satellites were launched into geostationary orbits by an <a href="/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage" title="Inertial Upper Stage">Inertial Upper Stage</a> (IUS). The DSCS satellites used <a href="/wiki/X_band" title="X band">X-band</a> frequencies (8/7 <a href="/wiki/Hertz" title="Hertz">GHz</a>). Each DSCS-III satellite had a design life of ten years, although several of the DSCS satellites have far exceeded their design life expectancy.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The mission was deemed successful. After a flight lasting 4 days, 1 hour, 44 minutes and 38 seconds, <i>Atlantis</i> landed on Runway 23 at <a href="/wiki/Edwards_Air_Force_Base" title="Edwards Air Force Base">Edwards Air Force Base</a> at 17:00:08 UTC (13:00:08 EDT) on October 7, 1985. During STS-51-J, mission commander Bobko became the first astronaut to fly on three different shuttle orbiters, and the only astronaut to fly on the maiden voyages of two different orbiters. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Attempt</th> <th>Planned</th> <th>Result</th> <th>Turnaround</th> <th>Reason</th> <th>Decision point</th> <th>Weather go (%)</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><span data-sort-value="1985-10-03, 15:15:30 !">3 Oct 1985, 3:15:30 pm</span></td> <td>Success</td> <td>—</td> <td>Technical</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Delayed due to faulty indication from main engine liquid hydrogen prevalve close remote power controller. </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission_insignia">Mission insignia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mission insignia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 51-J mission insignia, designed by <i>Atlantis</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s first crew, pays tribute to the <a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Liberty" title="Statue of Liberty">Statue of Liberty</a> and the ideas it symbolizes, but also as not to emphasize the "classified" nature of the mission like the first one did. The historical gateway figure bears additional significance for astronauts Karol J. Bobko, mission commander; and Ronald J. Grabe, pilot, both <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> natives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:STS51J_First_Flight_of_Atlantis.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Atlantis lifting off the pad."><img alt="Atlantis lifting off the pad." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/STS51J_First_Flight_of_Atlantis.jpg/118px-STS51J_First_Flight_of_Atlantis.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/STS51J_First_Flight_of_Atlantis.jpg/177px-STS51J_First_Flight_of_Atlantis.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/STS51J_First_Flight_of_Atlantis.jpg/236px-STS51J_First_Flight_of_Atlantis.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6774" data-file-height="6889" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Atlantis lifting off the pad.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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href="/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spacefacts.de/mission/english/sts-51j.htm">"STS-51J"</a>. Spacefacts<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STS-51J&rft.pub=Spacefacts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspacefacts.de%2Fmission%2Fenglish%2Fsts-51j.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-51-J" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-blakeslee-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-blakeslee_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-blakeslee_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlakeslee1985" class="citation news cs1">Blakeslee, Sandra (October 8, 1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1985/10/08/science/astronauts-return-from-secret.html?&pagewanted=all">"ASTRONAUTS RETURN FROM SECRET [sic]"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. p. C3. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=ASTRONAUTS+RETURN+FROM+SECRET+%5Bsic%5D&rft.pages=C3&rft.date=1985-10-08&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Blakeslee&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1985%2F10%2F08%2Fscience%2Fastronauts-return-from-secret.html%3F%26pagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-51-J" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDay2010" class="citation journal cs1">Day, Dwayne (January 4, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thespacereview.com/article/1536/1">"A lighter shade of black: the (non) mystery of STS-51J"</a>. <i>The Space Review</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Space+Review&rft.atitle=A+lighter+shade+of+black%3A+the+%28non%29+mystery+of+STS-51J&rft.date=2010-01-04&rft.aulast=Day&rft.aufirst=Dwayne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thespacereview.com%2Farticle%2F1536%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASTS-51-J" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/51-j/mission-51-j.html">NASA mission summary</a></li></ul> <div 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<i>Atlantis</i></a> (OV-104)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Completed flights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">STS-51-J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-B" title="STS-61-B">STS-61-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-27" title="STS-27">STS-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-30" title="STS-30">STS-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-34" title="STS-34">STS-34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-36" title="STS-36">STS-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-38" title="STS-38">STS-38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-37" title="STS-37">STS-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-43" title="STS-43">STS-43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-44" title="STS-44">STS-44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-45" title="STS-45">STS-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-46" title="STS-46">STS-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-66" title="STS-66">STS-66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-71" title="STS-71">STS-71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-74" title="STS-74">STS-74</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-76" title="STS-76">STS-76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-79" title="STS-79">STS-79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-81" title="STS-81">STS-81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-84" title="STS-84">STS-84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-86" title="STS-86">STS-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-101" title="STS-101">STS-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-106" title="STS-106">STS-106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-98" title="STS-98">STS-98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-104" title="STS-104">STS-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-110" title="STS-110">STS-110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-112" title="STS-112">STS-112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-115" title="STS-115">STS-115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-117" title="STS-117">STS-117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-122" title="STS-122">STS-122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-125" title="STS-125">STS-125</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-129" title="STS-129">STS-129</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-132" title="STS-132">STS-132</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-135" title="STS-135">STS-135</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:STS132_Atlantis_undocking2_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/STS132_Atlantis_undocking2_%28cropped%29.jpg/130px-STS132_Atlantis_undocking2_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/STS132_Atlantis_undocking2_%28cropped%29.jpg/195px-STS132_Atlantis_undocking2_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/STS132_Atlantis_undocking2_%28cropped%29.jpg/260px-STS132_Atlantis_undocking2_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3697" data-file-height="2217" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Status</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Retired</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">On display</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Visitor_Complex" title="Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex">Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merritt_Island,_Florida" title="Merritt Island, Florida">Merritt Island, Florida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="U.S._Space_Shuttle_missions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:All_U.S._Space_Shuttle_Missions" title="Template:All U.S. Space Shuttle Missions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:All_U.S._Space_Shuttle_Missions" title="Template talk:All U.S. Space Shuttle Missions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:All_U.S._Space_Shuttle_Missions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:All U.S. Space Shuttle Missions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="U.S._Space_Shuttle_missions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="List of Space Shuttle missions">U.S. Space Shuttle missions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Completed<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_crews" title="List of Space Shuttle crews">(crews)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1977 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Approach_and_Landing_Tests" title="Approach and Landing Tests">Approach and Landing Tests</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1981 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-1" title="STS-1">STS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-2" title="STS-2">STS-2</a></li></ul></li> <li>1982 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-3" title="STS-3">STS-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-4" title="STS-4">STS-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-5" title="STS-5">STS-5</a></li></ul></li> <li>1983 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-6" title="STS-6">STS-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-7" title="STS-7">STS-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-8" title="STS-8">STS-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-9" title="STS-9">STS-9</a></li></ul></li> <li>1984 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-B" title="STS-41-B">STS-41-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-C" title="STS-41-C">STS-41-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-D" title="STS-41-D">STS-41-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41-G" title="STS-41-G">STS-41-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-A" title="STS-51-A">STS-51-A</a></li></ul></li> <li>1985 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-C" title="STS-51-C">STS-51-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-D" title="STS-51-D">STS-51-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-B" title="STS-51-B">STS-51-B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-G" title="STS-51-G">STS-51-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-F" title="STS-51-F">STS-51-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-I" title="STS-51-I">STS-51-I</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">STS-51-J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-A" title="STS-61-A">STS-61-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-B" title="STS-61-B">STS-61-B</a></li></ul></li> <li>1986 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-C" title="STS-61-C">STS-61-C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51-L" title="STS-51-L">STS-51-L</a>†</li></ul></li> <li>1988 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-26" title="STS-26">STS-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-27" title="STS-27">STS-27</a></li></ul></li> <li>1989 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-29" title="STS-29">STS-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-30" title="STS-30">STS-30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-28" title="STS-28">STS-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-34" title="STS-34">STS-34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-33" title="STS-33">STS-33</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1990 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-32" title="STS-32">STS-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-36" title="STS-36">STS-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-31" title="STS-31">STS-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-41" title="STS-41">STS-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-38" title="STS-38">STS-38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-35" title="STS-35">STS-35</a></li></ul></li> <li>1991 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-37" title="STS-37">STS-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-39" title="STS-39">STS-39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-40" title="STS-40">STS-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-43" title="STS-43">STS-43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-48" title="STS-48">STS-48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-44" title="STS-44">STS-44</a></li></ul></li> <li>1992 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-42" title="STS-42">STS-42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-45" title="STS-45">STS-45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-49" title="STS-49">STS-49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-50" title="STS-50">STS-50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-46" title="STS-46">STS-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-47" title="STS-47">STS-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-52" title="STS-52">STS-52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-53" title="STS-53">STS-53</a></li></ul></li> <li>1993 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-54" title="STS-54">STS-54</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-56" title="STS-56">STS-56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-55" title="STS-55">STS-55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-57" title="STS-57">STS-57</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-51" title="STS-51">STS-51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-58" title="STS-58">STS-58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61" title="STS-61">STS-61</a></li></ul></li> <li>1994 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-60" title="STS-60">STS-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-62" title="STS-62">STS-62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-59" title="STS-59">STS-59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-65" title="STS-65">STS-65</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-64" title="STS-64">STS-64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-68" title="STS-68">STS-68</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-66" title="STS-66">STS-66</a></li></ul></li> <li>1995 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-63" title="STS-63">STS-63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-67" title="STS-67">STS-67</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-71" title="STS-71">STS-71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-70" title="STS-70">STS-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-69" title="STS-69">STS-69</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-73" title="STS-73">STS-73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-74" title="STS-74">STS-74</a></li></ul></li> <li>1996 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-72" title="STS-72">STS-72</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-75" title="STS-75">STS-75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-76" title="STS-76">STS-76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-77" title="STS-77">STS-77</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-78" title="STS-78">STS-78</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-79" title="STS-79">STS-79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-80" title="STS-80">STS-80</a></li></ul></li> <li>1997 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-81" title="STS-81">STS-81</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-82" title="STS-82">STS-82</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-83" title="STS-83">STS-83</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-84" title="STS-84">STS-84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-94" title="STS-94">STS-94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-85" title="STS-85">STS-85</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-86" title="STS-86">STS-86</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-87" title="STS-87">STS-87</a></li></ul></li> <li>1998 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-89" title="STS-89">STS-89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-90" title="STS-90">STS-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-91" title="STS-91">STS-91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-95" title="STS-95">STS-95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-88" title="STS-88">STS-88</a></li></ul></li> <li>1999 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-96" title="STS-96">STS-96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-93" title="STS-93">STS-93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-103" title="STS-103">STS-103</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2000 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-99" title="STS-99">STS-99</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-101" title="STS-101">STS-101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-106" title="STS-106">STS-106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-92" title="STS-92">STS-92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-97" title="STS-97">STS-97</a></li></ul></li> <li>2001 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-98" title="STS-98">STS-98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-102" title="STS-102">STS-102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-100" title="STS-100">STS-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-104" title="STS-104">STS-104</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-105" title="STS-105">STS-105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-108" title="STS-108">STS-108</a></li></ul></li> <li>2002 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-109" title="STS-109">STS-109</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-110" title="STS-110">STS-110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-111" title="STS-111">STS-111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-112" title="STS-112">STS-112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-113" title="STS-113">STS-113</a></li></ul></li> <li>2003 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-107" title="STS-107">STS-107</a>†</li></ul></li> <li>2005 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-114" title="STS-114">STS-114</a></li></ul></li> <li>2006 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-121" title="STS-121">STS-121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-115" title="STS-115">STS-115</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-116" title="STS-116">STS-116</a></li></ul></li> <li>2007 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-117" title="STS-117">STS-117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-118" title="STS-118">STS-118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-120" title="STS-120">STS-120</a></li></ul></li> <li>2008 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-122" title="STS-122">STS-122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-123" title="STS-123">STS-123</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-124" title="STS-124">STS-124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-126" title="STS-126">STS-126</a></li></ul></li> <li>2009 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-119" title="STS-119">STS-119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-125" title="STS-125">STS-125</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-127" title="STS-127">STS-127</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-128" title="STS-128">STS-128</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-129" title="STS-129">STS-129</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2010 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-130" title="STS-130">STS-130</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-131" title="STS-131">STS-131</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-132" title="STS-132">STS-132</a></li></ul></li> <li>2011 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/STS-133" title="STS-133">STS-133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-134" title="STS-134">STS-134</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-135" title="STS-135">STS-135</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">Cancelled</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">STS-41-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-E" title="STS-61-E">STS-61-E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-F" title="STS-61-F">STS-61-F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-G" title="STS-61-G">STS-61-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-H" title="STS-61-H">STS-61-H</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-62-A" title="STS-62-A">STS-62-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-M" title="STS-61-M">STS-61-M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-61-J" title="STS-61-J">STS-61-J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">STS-144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-3xx" title="STS-3xx">STS-3xx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-400" title="STS-400">STS-400</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canceled_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Canceled Space Shuttle missions">Others</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_orbiter" title="Space Shuttle orbiter">Orbiters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Space Shuttle Atlantis">Atlantis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger" title="Space Shuttle Challenger">Challenger</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Challenger_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Challenger disaster">disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Commission_Report" title="Rogers Commission Report">report</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Space Shuttle Columbia">Columbia</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Columbia disaster">disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Accident_Investigation_Board" title="Columbia Accident Investigation Board">investigation</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Space Shuttle Discovery">Discovery</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Space Shuttle Endeavour">Endeavour</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Enterprise" title="Space Shuttle Enterprise">Enterprise</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup>†</sup> indicates failure missions.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_1984Orbital_launches_in_19851986_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launches_in_1985" title="Template:Orbital launches in 1985"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orbital_launches_in_1985" title="Template talk:Orbital launches in 1985"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital_launches_in_1985" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital launches in 1985"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_1984Orbital_launches_in_19851986_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="float: left;"><a href="/wiki/1984_in_spaceflight" title="1984 in spaceflight">← 1984</a></div><a href="/wiki/1985_in_spaceflight" title="1985 in spaceflight"><span class="vevent"><span class="summary">Orbital launches in <span class="dtstart">1985</span></span></span></a><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/1986_in_spaceflight" title="1986 in spaceflight">1986 →</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">January</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-51-C" title="STS-51-C">STS-51-C</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/USA-8" class="mw-redirect" title="USA-8">USA-8</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">February</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-9 (page does not exist)">USA-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabsat-1A" title="Arabsat-1A">Arabsat-1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brasilsat_A1" title="Brasilsat A1">Brasilsat A1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">March</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geosat" title="Geosat">Geosat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelsat_510&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelsat 510 (page does not exist)">Intelsat VA F-10</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">April</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-51-D" title="STS-51-D">STS-51-D</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/Anik_(satellite)" title="Anik (satellite)">Anik C1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasat_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leasat 3 (page does not exist)">Leasat 3</a>)</li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-51-B" title="STS-51-B">STS-51-B</a></u> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nusat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nusat (page does not exist)">Nusat</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">May</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GStar-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GStar-1 (page does not exist)">GStar-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telecom_1B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telecom 1B (page does not exist)">Telecom 1B</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">June</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_T-13" title="Soyuz T-13">Soyuz T-13</a></u></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-51-G" title="STS-51-G">STS-51-G</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/Morelos_Satellite_System#Morelos_I" title="Morelos Satellite System">Morelos 1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabsat-1B" title="Arabsat-1B">Arabsat-1B</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Telstar_3D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telstar 3D (page does not exist)">Telstar 3D</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=SPARTAN-101&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SPARTAN-101 (page does not exist)">SPARTAN-101</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_24" title="Progress 24">Progress 24</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelsat_511&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelsat 511 (page does not exist)">Intelsat VA F-11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">July</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giotto_(spacecraft)" title="Giotto (spacecraft)">Giotto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1669" title="Kosmos 1669">Kosmos 1669</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-51-F" title="STS-51-F">STS-51-F</a></u> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Plasma_Diagnostics_Package&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plasma Diagnostics Package (page does not exist)">PDP</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">August</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-51-I" title="STS-51-I">STS-51-I</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/Optus_(satellite)#Aussat_(Optus)_A1" title="Optus (satellite)">Aussat A1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=ASC-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ASC-1 (page does not exist)">ASC-1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leasat_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leasat 4 (page does not exist)">Leasat 4</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">September</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spacenet_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spacenet 3 (page does not exist)">Spacenet 3</a></i></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_T-14" title="Soyuz T-14">Soyuz T-14</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1686" title="Kosmos 1686">Kosmos 1686</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intelsat_512&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Intelsat 512 (page does not exist)">Intelsat VA F-12</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">October</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a class="mw-selflink selflink">STS-51-J</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/USA-11" class="mw-redirect" title="USA-11">USA-11</a>, <a href="/wiki/USA-12" class="mw-redirect" title="USA-12">USA-12</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-10" title="USA-10">USA-10</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-61-A" title="STS-61-A">STS-61-A</a></u> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=GLOMR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GLOMR (page does not exist)">GLOMR</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">November</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/STS-61-B" title="STS-61-B">STS-61-B</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/Morelos_Satellite_System#Morelos_II" title="Morelos Satellite System">Morelos 2</a>, <a href="/wiki/Optus_(satellite)#Aussat_(Optus)_A2" title="Optus (satellite)">Aussat A2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Satcom_K2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Satcom K2 (page does not exist)">Satcom K2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Orbiter_Experiments&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orbiter Experiments (page does not exist)">OEX</a>, <a href="/wiki/EASE/ACCESS" title="EASE/ACCESS">EASE/ACCESS</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unknown<br />month</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sakigake" title="Sakigake">Sakigake</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1616&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1616 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1616</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1617&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1617 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1617</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1618&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1618 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1618</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1619&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1619 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1619</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1620&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1620 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1620</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1621&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1621 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1621</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1622&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1622 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1622</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-3_No.36&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-3 No.36 (page does not exist)">Molniya-3 No.36</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1623&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1623 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1623</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1624&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1624 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1624</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorizont_No.21L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorizont No.21L (page does not exist)">Gorizont No.21L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1625&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1625 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1625</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1626&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1626 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1626</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1627&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1627 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1627</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1628&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1628 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1628</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor-2_No.13&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor-2 No.13 (page does not exist)">Meteor-2 No.13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1629" title="Kosmos 1629">Kosmos 1629</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1630&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1630 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1630</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1631&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1631 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1631</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1632&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1632 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1632</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1633&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1633 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1633</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1634&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1634 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1634</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1635&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1635 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1635</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1636&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1636 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1636</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1637&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1637 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1637</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1638&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1638 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1638</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1639&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1639 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1639</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1640&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1640 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1640</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1641&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1641 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1641</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1642&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1642 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1642</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekran_No.28L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekran No.28L (page does not exist)">Ekran No.28L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1643&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1643 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1643</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1644&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1644 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1644</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=April_1985_Zenit-2_launch_failure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="April 1985 Zenit-2 launch failure (page does not exist)">Unnamed</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1645&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1645 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1645</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1646&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1646 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1646</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1647&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1647 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1647</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1648&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1648 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1648</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prognoz_10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prognoz 10 (page does not exist)">Prognoz 10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1649&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1649 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1649</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1650&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1650 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1650</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1651&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1651 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1651</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1652&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1652 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1652</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1653&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1653 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1653</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1654&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1654 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1654</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-3_No.39&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-3 No.39 (page does not exist)">Molniya-3 No.39</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1655&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1655 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1655</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1656&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1656 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1656</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1657&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1657 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1657</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1658" title="Kosmos 1658">Kosmos 1658</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1659&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1659 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1659</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1660&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1660 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1660</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1661" title="Kosmos 1661">Kosmos 1661</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1662&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1662 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1662</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1663&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1663 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1663</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1985-053A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1985-053A (page does not exist)">Unnamed</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1664&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1664 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1664</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1665&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1665 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1665</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1666&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1666 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1666</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1667" title="Kosmos 1667">Kosmos 1667</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1668&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1668 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1668</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-3_No.37&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-3 No.37 (page does not exist)">Molniya-3 No.37</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1670&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1670 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1670</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1671&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1671 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1671</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transit-O_24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transit-O 24 (page does not exist)">Transit-O 24</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transit-O_30&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transit-O 30 (page does not exist)">Transit-O 30</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1672&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1672 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1672</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1672&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1672 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1672</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1673&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1673 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1673</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1674&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1674 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1674</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gran%27_No.26L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gran' No.26L (page does not exist)">Gran' No.26L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1675" title="Kosmos 1675">Kosmos 1675</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1676&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1676 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1676</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suisei_(spacecraft)" title="Suisei (spacecraft)">Suisei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-1_No.61&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-1 No.61 (page does not exist)">Molniya-1 No.61</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1677&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1677 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1677</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Titan_34D-7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Titan 34D-7 (page does not exist)">Unnamed</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1678&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1678 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1678</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1679&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1679 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1679</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1680&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1680 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1680</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1681&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1681 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1681</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=ECS-3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ECS-3 (page does not exist)">ECS-3</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1682&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1682 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1682</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1683&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1683 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1683</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1684" title="Kosmos 1684">Kosmos 1684</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1685&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1685 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1685</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1687" title="Kosmos 1687">Kosmos 1687</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1688&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1688 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1688</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1689&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1689 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1689</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-3_No.38&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-3 No.38 (page does not exist)">Molniya-3 No.38</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1690&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1690 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1690</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1695&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1695 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1695</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1692&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1692 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1692</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1693&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1693 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1693</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1694&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1694 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1694</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1691&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1691 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1691</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1696&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1696 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1696</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fanhui_Shi_Weixing_8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fanhui Shi Weixing 8 (page does not exist)">Fanhui Shi Weixing 8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1697&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1697 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1697</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1698" title="Kosmos 1698">Kosmos 1698</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-1_No.73&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-1 No.73 (page does not exist)">Molniya-1 No.73</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=October_1985_Kosmos-3M_launch_failure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="October 1985 Kosmos-3M launch failure (page does not exist)">Unnamed</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor-3_No.2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor-3 No.2 (page does not exist)">Meteor-3 No.2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1699&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1699 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1699</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1700&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1700 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1700</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-1_No.56&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-1 No.56 (page does not exist)">Molniya-1 No.56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_1701" title="Kosmos 1701">Kosmos 1701</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1702&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1702 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1702</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gran%27_No.28L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gran' No.28L (page does not exist)">Gran' No.28L</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1703&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1703 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1703</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1704&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1704 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1704</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1705&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1705 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1705</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1706&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1706 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1706</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1707&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1707 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1707</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-13&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-13 (page does not exist)">USA-13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=USA-14&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USA-14 (page does not exist)">USA-14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1708&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1708 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1708</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1709&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1709 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1709</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya-3_No.40&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya-3 No.40 (page does not exist)">Molniya-3 No.40</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1710&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1710 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1710</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1711&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1711 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1711</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1712&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1712 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1712</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor-2_No.14&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor-2 No.14 (page does not exist)">Meteor-2 No.14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1713&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1713 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1713</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_1714&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 1714 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 1714</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in <u>underline</u>. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in <i>italics</i>. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&oldid=1261006558">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=STS-51-J&oldid=1261006558</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Category:Space Shuttle missions">Space Shuttle missions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Edwards_Air_Force_Base" title="Category:Edwards Air Force Base">Edwards Air Force Base</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1985_in_spaceflight" title="Category:1985 in spaceflight">1985 in spaceflight</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1985_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1985 in the United States">1985 in the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_launched_in_1985" title="Category:Spacecraft launched in 1985">Spacecraft launched in 1985</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_which_reentered_in_1985" title="Category:Spacecraft which reentered in 1985">Spacecraft which reentered in 1985</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Department_of_Defense_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="Category:Department of Defense Space Shuttle missions">Department of Defense Space Shuttle missions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:October_1985_events" title="Category:October 1985 events">October 1985 events</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_January_2014" title="Category:Use American English from January 2014">Use American English from January 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_October_2022" title="Category:Use mdy dates from October 2022">Use mdy dates from October 2022</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 3 December 2024, at 19:37<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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