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<span>Demands for a recount</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demands_for_a_recount-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Calls_for_electoral_reform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Calls_for_electoral_reform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Calls for electoral reform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Calls_for_electoral_reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsequent_political_crisis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsequent_political_crisis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Subsequent political crisis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsequent_political_crisis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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.infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1247979735">.mw-parser-output .ib-election{line-height:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-data{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-label{width:5em;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-subheader{line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ib-election .infobox-header{font-weight:normal}@media(max-width:640px){body.skin--responsive:not(.skin-monobook):not(.skin-timeless) .mw-parser-output .ib-election .notpageimage.noresize img{height:80px!important;width:auto!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-election .mw-file-description img{background-color:#f8f9fa}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><table class="infobox ib-election infobox-table vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">2006 Mexican general election</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/50px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/75px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/100px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span></span><hr /></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><table style="width:100%; margin:1px; display:inline-table;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:left; vertical-align:middle; padding:0 0.5em 0 0;width:20%;" class="noprint"></td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 1px;width:60%;" class=""><b>2 July 2006</b></td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;; padding:0 0 0 0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"></td> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> </table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1247979735"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1152813436"><div style="background-color:#ddd; font-size:120%; font-weight:bold">Presidential election</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2000_Mexican_general_election" title="2000 Mexican general election">2000</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2012_Mexican_general_election" title="2012 Mexican general election">2012</a> →</div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Turnout</th><td class="infobox-data">58.55% (<span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5.42<a href="/wiki/Percentage_point" title="Percentage point">pp</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #0957A4;"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg/91px-Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg/137px-Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg/183px-Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1089" data-file-height="1545" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #ffcd00;"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg/90px-Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg/135px-Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg/181px-Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="328" /></a></span> </td> <td class="notheme" style="text-align:center;border-bottom: 6px solid #4DA663;"><span class="notpageimage noresize" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roberto_Madrazo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Roberto_Madrazo.jpg/95px-Roberto_Madrazo.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Roberto_Madrazo.jpg/143px-Roberto_Madrazo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Roberto_Madrazo.jpg/191px-Roberto_Madrazo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="518" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Nominee </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Felipe Calderón">Felipe Calderón</a></b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador">Andrés Manuel López Obrador</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Madrazo" title="Roberto Madrazo">Roberto Madrazo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:75px;text-align:left">Party </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">PAN</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Democratic_Revolution" title="Party of the Democratic Revolution">PRD</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Institutional_Revolutionary_Party" title="Institutional Revolutionary Party">PRI</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Alliance </th> <td style="text-align:center"> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_the_Good_of_All" title="Coalition for the Good of All">Coalition for the Good of All</a> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Mexico" title="Alliance for Mexico">Alliance for Mexico</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Popular vote </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>15,000,284</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">14,756,350 </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">9,301,441 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left">Percentage </th> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center"><b>36.69%</b> </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">36.09% </td> <td style="width:75px;text-align:center">22.75% </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><div class="switcher-container"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_entidad_federativa.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_entidad_federativa.svg/300px-Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_entidad_federativa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_entidad_federativa.svg/450px-Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_entidad_federativa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_entidad_federativa.svg/600px-Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_entidad_federativa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1870" data-file-height="1195" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none" data-switcher-default="">Results by state</span></div><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg/300px-Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg/450px-Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg/600px-Elecciones_presidenciales_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1870" data-file-height="1195" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Results by constituency</span></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left;"><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">President</a> before election</b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Fox" title="Vicente Fox">Vicente Fox</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">PAN</a> </p> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:right;"><b>Elected <a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">President</a></b> <br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Felipe Calderón">Felipe Calderón</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">PAN</a> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1260282668">.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect{line-height:1.5em;max-width:32em;min-width:22em;width:auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-embed{background-color:#ddd;font-size:120%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect .infobox-subheader{line-height:130%}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-error{color:red}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect .infobox-data{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect .infobox-label{width:5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect .infobox-below{padding:0 3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-results{width:100%;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-results td{padding-bottom:2px!important;padding-top:2px!important;padding-left:4px!important;padding-right:4px!important}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-results th[scope="row"]{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-results tr:nth-child(odd),.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-results tr:nth-child(odd) th[scope="row"]{background-color:#eee}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-results tr:nth-child(odd),html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-results tr:nth-child(odd) th[scope="row"]{color:#fff;background-color:#080906}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-results tr:nth-child(odd),html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-results tr:nth-child(odd) th[scope="row"]{color:#fff;background-color:#080906}}.mw-parser-output td.ib-legis-elect-percent,.mw-parser-output td.ib-legis-elect-seats{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-p{color:green}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-m{color:red}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-map{width:100%;border-spacing:0;border-top:1px #aaa solid}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-befaft{width:100%;border-spacing:0;border-top:1px #aaa solid}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-befaft th,.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-50{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-befaft-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-befimg{padding-right:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-legis-elect-aftimg{padding-left:3px}</style><div class="ib-legis-elect-embed">Senate</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2000_Mexican_general_election" title="2000 Mexican general election">2000</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2012_Mexican_general_election" title="2012 Mexican general election">2012</a> →</div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr />All 128 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Republic_(Mexico)" title="Senate of the Republic (Mexico)">Senate of the Republic</a><br />65 seats needed for a majority</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table class="wikitable ib-legis-elect-results plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr class="nowrap"> <th>Party </th> <th>Vote % </th> <th>Seats </th> <th><abbr title="Seat change from the previous election">+/–</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="border-left: 4px solid #0957A4;"><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">PAN</a> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </th> <td class="ib-legis-elect-percent">34.47 </td> <td class="ib-legis-elect-seats">52 </td> <td class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-seats ib-legis-elect-m">−8 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="border-left: 4px solid #FFCB01;"><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_the_Good_of_All" title="Coalition for the Good of All">Coalition for the Good of All</a> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </th> <td class="ib-legis-elect-percent">30.45 </td> <td class="ib-legis-elect-seats">36 </td> <td class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-seats">New </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="border-left: 4px solid #4DA663;"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Mexico" title="Alliance for Mexico">Alliance for Mexico</a> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </th> <td class="ib-legis-elect-percent">28.69 </td> <td class="ib-legis-elect-seats">39 </td> <td class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-seats">New </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="border-left: 4px solid #00AAAA;"><a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party_(Mexico)" title="New Alliance Party (Mexico)">PNA</a> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </th> <td class="ib-legis-elect-percent">4.15 </td> <td class="ib-legis-elect-seats">1 </td> <td class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-seats">New </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-disclaimer">This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1260282668"><div class="ib-legis-elect-embed">Chamber of Deputies</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/2003_Mexican_legislative_election" title="2003 Mexican legislative election">2003</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;width:20%;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/2009_Mexican_legislative_election" title="2009 Mexican legislative election">2009</a> →</div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr />All 500 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Mexico)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)">Chamber of Deputies</a><br />251 seats needed for a majority</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table class="wikitable ib-legis-elect-results plainrowheaders"> <tbody><tr class="nowrap"> <th>Party </th> <th>Vote % </th> <th>Seats </th> <th><abbr title="Seat change from the previous election">+/–</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="border-left: 4px solid #0957A4;"><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">PAN</a> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </th> <td class="ib-legis-elect-percent">34.27 </td> <td class="ib-legis-elect-seats">206 </td> <td class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-seats ib-legis-elect-p">+55 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="border-left: 4px solid #FFCB01;"><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_the_Good_of_All" title="Coalition for the Good of All">Coalition for the Good of All</a> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </th> <td class="ib-legis-elect-percent">29.74 </td> <td class="ib-legis-elect-seats">158 </td> <td class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-seats">New </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="border-left: 4px solid #4DA663;"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Mexico" title="Alliance for Mexico">Alliance for Mexico</a> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </th> <td class="ib-legis-elect-percent">28.90 </td> <td class="ib-legis-elect-seats">123 </td> <td class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-seats">New </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="border-left: 4px solid #00AAAA;"><a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party_(Mexico)" title="New Alliance Party (Mexico)">PNA</a> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </th> <td class="ib-legis-elect-percent">4.66 </td> <td class="ib-legis-elect-seats">9 </td> <td class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-seats">New </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="border-left: 4px solid #e02128;"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Mexico)" title="Social Democratic Party (Mexico)">PASC</a> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> </th> <td class="ib-legis-elect-percent">2.11 </td> <td class="ib-legis-elect-seats">9 </td> <td class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-seats">New </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="nowrap ib-legis-elect-disclaimer">This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.</div><table class="ib-legis-elect-map"><tbody><tr><td class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Elecciones_legislativas_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Elecciones_legislativas_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg/290px-Elecciones_legislativas_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Elecciones_legislativas_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg/435px-Elecciones_legislativas_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Elecciones_legislativas_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg/580px-Elecciones_legislativas_de_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006_por_distrito_federal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1868" data-file-height="1199" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Results by constituency</div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard hlist" style="width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Mexico" title="Politics of Mexico">Politics of Mexico</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg/210px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg/280px-Coat_of_arms_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="579" data-file-height="525" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_Mexico" title="Federal government of Mexico">Federal government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Mexico" title="Constitution of Mexico">Constitution of Mexico</a></b><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_constitutions_of_Mexico" title="List of constitutions of Mexico">history</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Mexico" title="Human rights in Mexico">Human rights</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_rights_in_Mexico" title="LGBTQ rights in Mexico">LGBT rights</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Mexico" title="Law of Mexico">Law</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Mexico" title="Abortion in Mexico">Abortion</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mexican_labor_law" title="Mexican labor law">Labor</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mexican_nationality_law" title="Mexican nationality law">Nationality</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Mexico" title="Capital punishment in Mexico">Capital punishment</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Life_imprisonment_in_Mexico" title="Life imprisonment in Mexico">Life imprisonment</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firearms_regulation_in_Mexico" title="Firearms regulation in Mexico">Gun politics</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">President of Mexico</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Sheinbaum" title="Claudia Sheinbaum">Claudia Sheinbaum</a><br />(MORENA)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Mexico" title="List of heads of state of Mexico">List of heads of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_Mexico" title="Federal government of Mexico">Federal government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Mexico" title="Cabinet of Mexico">Cabinet</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Union" title="Congress of the Union">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Union" title="Congress of the Union">Congress of the Union</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LXVI_Legislature_of_the_Mexican_Congress" title="LXVI Legislature of the Mexican Congress">LXVI Legislature of the Mexican Congress</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Republic_(Mexico)" title="Senate of the Republic (Mexico)"><b>Senate of the Republic</b></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_(Mexico)" title="President of the Senate (Mexico)">President of the Senate</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gerardo_Fern%C3%A1ndez_Noro%C3%B1a" title="Gerardo Fernández Noroña">Gerardo Fernández Noroña</a> (MORENA)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Mexico)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)"><b>Chamber of Deputies</b></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Chamber_of_Deputies_(Mexico)" title="President of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)">President of the Chamber</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Guti%C3%A9rrez_Luna" title="Sergio Gutiérrez Luna">Sergio Gutiérrez Luna</a> (MORENA)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Federal_electoral_districts_of_Mexico" title="Federal electoral districts of Mexico">Federal electoral districts</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Mexico" title="Judiciary of Mexico">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Justice_of_the_Nation" title="Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation">Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Electoral_Tribunal" title="Federal Electoral Tribunal">Federal Electoral Tribunal</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Mexico" title="Elections in Mexico">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li>Recent major elections<br />General: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">2006</a>, <a href="/wiki/2012_Mexican_general_election" title="2012 Mexican general election">2012</a>, <a href="/wiki/2018_Mexican_general_election" title="2018 Mexican general election">2018</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2024_Mexican_general_election" title="2024 Mexican general election">2024</a> <br />Legislative: <a href="/wiki/2003_Mexican_legislative_election" title="2003 Mexican legislative election">2003</a>, <a href="/wiki/2009_Mexican_legislative_election" title="2009 Mexican legislative election">2009</a>, <a href="/wiki/2015_Mexican_legislative_election" title="2015 Mexican legislative election">2015</a> and <a href="/wiki/2021_Mexican_legislative_election" title="2021 Mexican legislative election">2021</a><br />Gubernatorial: <a href="/wiki/2010_Mexican_gubernatorial_elections" title="2010 Mexican gubernatorial elections">2010</a> and <a href="/wiki/2021_Mexican_gubernatorial_elections" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Mexican gubernatorial elections">2021</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Nacional_Electoral" title="Instituto Nacional Electoral">Instituto Nacional Electoral</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Mexico" title="List of political parties in Mexico">Political parties</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:center;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">National Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institutional_Revolutionary_Party" title="Institutional Revolutionary Party">Institutional Revolutionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecologist_Green_Party_of_Mexico" title="Ecologist Green Party of Mexico">Ecologist Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(Mexico)" title="Labor Party (Mexico)">Labor Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Movement_(Mexico)" title="Citizens' Movement (Mexico)">Citizens' Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morena_(political_party)" title="Morena (political party)">National Regeneration Movement</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Mexico" title="Administrative divisions of Mexico">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_of_Mexico" title="List of states of Mexico">States</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_state_governors_in_Mexico" title="List of current state governors in Mexico">Governors</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mexican_state_legislatures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Mexican state legislatures">State legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Mexico" title="Municipalities of Mexico">Municipalities</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Mexico" title="Foreign relations of Mexico">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Mexico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Mexico)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Mexico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Mexico)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Ebrard" title="Marcelo Ebrard">Marcelo Ebrard</a>)</li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Mexico" title="List of diplomatic missions of Mexico">Diplomatic missions of Mexico</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Mexico" title="List of diplomatic missions in Mexico">in Mexico</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_nationality_law" title="Mexican nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_passport" title="Mexican passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Mexican_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Mexican citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Mexico" title="Visa policy of Mexico">Visa policy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/32px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/48px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/64px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mexico" title="Portal:Mexico">Mexico portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Mexico" title="Template:Politics of Mexico"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Mexico" title="Template talk:Politics of Mexico"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Mexico" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Mexico"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>General elections were held in <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> on Sunday, 2 July 2006. Voters went to the polls to elect a new <a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">President of the Republic</a> to serve a six-year term, replacing then President <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Fox" title="Vicente Fox">Vicente Fox</a> (ineligible for re-election under the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Mexico" title="Constitution of Mexico">1917 Constitution</a>); 500 members of the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Mexico)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)">Chamber of Deputies</a> (300 by the <a href="/wiki/First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">first-past-the-post</a> system and 200 by <a href="/wiki/Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">proportional representation</a>) to serve for three-year terms; and 128 members of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Republic_(Mexico)" title="Senate of the Republic (Mexico)">Senate</a> (three per <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_of_Mexico" title="List of states of Mexico">state</a> by limited voting and 32 by proportional representation from <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Mexico" title="List of political parties in Mexico">national party</a> lists) to serve for six-year terms. </p><p><a href="/wiki/2006_Mexican_elections" title="2006 Mexican elections">Several local ballots</a> were also held on the same day, including the head and legislature of the <a href="/wiki/2006_Mexican_Federal_District_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2006 Mexican Federal District election">federal district</a>, governors of <a href="/wiki/Guanajuato" title="Guanajuato">Guanajuato</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jalisco" title="Jalisco">Jalisco</a> and <a href="/wiki/Morelos" title="Morelos">Morelos</a> and local councillors in several states. </p><p>Due to controversial events in Mexican politics in the years preceding the election, the negative and aggressive tone of the presidential campaign, the personal interference of President <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Fox" title="Vicente Fox">Vicente Fox</a> to favor the candidate of his party <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Felipe Calderón">Felipe Calderón</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as the controversial and extremely close results that gave Calderón a lead of 0.6% of the vote (or 243,934 votes) over his rival <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador">Andrés Manuel López Obrador</a> (who subsequently refused to recognize the results and claimed that the election had been rigged against him), Mexico went through <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_pol%C3%ADtica_en_M%C3%A9xico_de_2006" class="extiw" title="es:Crisis política en México de 2006">a political crisis for the remainder of the year</a>, as López Obrador called for protests throughout the country and proclaimed himself to be the "Legitimate President", while legislators of his party protested the inauguration of Felipe Calderón as President on 1 December. At the same time, the southern state of <a href="/wiki/Oaxaca" title="Oaxaca">Oaxaca</a> was marked by <a href="/wiki/2006_Oaxaca_protests" title="2006 Oaxaca protests">severe civil unrest during 2006</a> after a teachers' strike was violently repressed by Governor <a href="/wiki/Ulises_Ruiz_Ortiz" title="Ulises Ruiz Ortiz">Ulises Ruiz Ortiz</a>, which led to protests calling for his resignation; the 2 July elections in many regions of that state were disturbed by the ongoing conflict. </p><p>Although there were nationwide protests by López Obrador's supporters calling for a complete recount of the votes, this was rejected by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Electoral_Tribunal" title="Federal Electoral Tribunal">Federal Electoral Tribunal</a>, which only authorized a recount in less than 10% of the polling stations and later concluded that the irregularities in the election hadn't been grave enough to change the outcome of the election. On 5 September, Calderón was officially declared by the Tribunal as the winner of the election. </p><p>Analysts agree that Calderón's launch of the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Drug_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican Drug War">Mexican Drug War</a> on 11 December (only ten days after taking office as President) was an extraordinary step to gain popular support and to cement his legitimacy in the aftermath of the convoluted elections and the subsequent crisis.<sup id="cite_ref-jornada.com.mx_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jornada.com.mx-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sinembargo.mx_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sinembargo.mx-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-El_gran_fracaso_por_la_legitimidad_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-El_gran_fracaso_por_la_legitimidad-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidential_candidates">Presidential candidates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Presidential candidates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There were five registered candidates for the 2006 presidential election: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center" colspan="2">Party/Alliance </th> <th style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center">Photo </th> <th style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center">Candidate </th> <th style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align="center">Slogan </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#0957A4"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">National Action Party</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg/50px-Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg/75px-Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg/100px-Felipe_Calderon_H.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1089" data-file-height="1545" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Felipe Calderón">Felipe Calderón</a></td> <td><i>Para que vivamos mejor</i><br />"So we can live better" </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFCB01"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_the_Good_of_All" title="Coalition for the Good of All">Coalition for the Good of All</a> (<a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Democratic_Revolution" title="Party of the Democratic Revolution">PRD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(Mexico)" title="Labor Party (Mexico)">PT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Convergence_(Mexico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Convergence (Mexico)">Convergence</a>) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg/50px-Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg/75px-Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg/100px-Andres_Manuel_Lopez_Obrador_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="328" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador">Andrés Manuel López Obrador</a></td> <td><i>Por el bien de todos, primero los pobres</i><br />"For the Good of All, the poor are first" </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#4DA663"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Mexico" title="Alliance for Mexico">Alliance for Mexico</a> (<a href="/wiki/Institutional_Revolutionary_Party" title="Institutional Revolutionary Party">PRI</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ecologist_Green_Party_of_Mexico" title="Ecologist Green Party of Mexico">PVEM</a>) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roberto_Madrazo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Roberto_Madrazo.jpg/50px-Roberto_Madrazo.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Roberto_Madrazo.jpg/75px-Roberto_Madrazo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Roberto_Madrazo.jpg/100px-Roberto_Madrazo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="518" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Madrazo" title="Roberto Madrazo">Roberto Madrazo</a></td> <td><i>Mover a México para que las cosas se hagan</i><br />"Moving Mexico to get things done" </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#e02128"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Peasant_Alternative_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party">Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party</a> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Patricia_Mercado_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Patricia_Mercado_%28cropped%29.jpg/50px-Patricia_Mercado_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Patricia_Mercado_%28cropped%29.jpg/75px-Patricia_Mercado_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Patricia_Mercado_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Patricia_Mercado_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1356" data-file-height="1834" /></a></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Mercado" title="Patricia Mercado">Patricia Mercado</a></td> <td><i>Palabra de mujer</i><br />"A woman's word" </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#00AAAA"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party_(Mexico)" title="New Alliance Party (Mexico)">New Alliance Party</a> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Campa" title="Roberto Campa">Roberto Campa</a> </td> <td><i>Uno de tres</i><br />"One out of three" </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A non-registered candidate, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADctor_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Torres" title="Víctor González Torres">Víctor González Torres</a> (nicknamed "Dr. Simi" after the mascot of his national drugstore franchise) made a massive marketing campaign to enter the election, in spite of not being registered as an official candidate, and ran as a <a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">write-in candidate</a>. His popular slogan was "The same only cheaper", but his campaign slogan was "To serve God and the people of Mexico". Ironically, he frequently stressed the fact that he paid all of his own campaign expenses, thus being the "cheapest" candidate. He was not considered a formal candidate but many press sources still publish his sayings and complaints against IFE, while some sources consider him a sort of "comic relief". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assets,_liabilities_and_annual_expenses"><span id="Assets.2C_liabilities_and_annual_expenses"></span>Assets, liabilities and annual expenses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Assets, liabilities and annual expenses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of January 2005, only three candidates had made a public declaration of assets, liabilities and annual expenses. These figures were given in <a href="/wiki/Mexican_peso" title="Mexican peso">pesos</a>, the total value of assets of each candidate follows at an <a href="/wiki/Exchange_rate" title="Exchange rate">exchange rate</a> of 10.62 pesos to one <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">United States dollar</a> (Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.banamex.com/">Banamex</a>): </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Candidate</th> <th>Assets</th> <th>Liabilities</th> <th>Annual Expenses</th> <th>As of (Date)</th> <th>Source </th></tr> <tr> <td>López Obrador</td> <td>MX$1,295,358 / US$121,973</td> <td>0</td> <td>MX$1,165,650 / US$109,760</td> <td>3 June 2004</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Calderón</td> <td>MX$8,803,885 / US$828,991</td> <td>–</td> <td>–</td> <td>19 January 2006</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Madrazo</td> <td>MX$29,398,668 / US$2,768,236</td> <td>MX$39,290 / US$2,758</td> <td>MX$475,000 / US$44,727</td> <td>19 January 2006</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Debates">Debates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Debates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A first presidential debate was held on 25 April 2006 with the presence of all candidates with the notable exception of López Obrador. López Obrador had refused to participate in all debates, and said he would only participate in one since long before the first debate was scheduled. The rest of the candidates agreed on leaving an <i>empty chair</i> to symbolize that the fifth candidate was indeed invited. </p><p>The <i>silla vacía</i> (Spanish for "empty chair") became the topic of political commentary shows and the press. <i><a href="/wiki/Exc%C3%A9lsior" title="Excélsior">Excélsior</a></i> called the empty chair a "double-edged sword"<sup id="cite_ref-Excelsior1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Excelsior1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> coinciding with other publications and TV shows that leaving the empty chair could be construed as an insult to the audience and an attack to López Obrador. However, by the date of the debates, the statistical tendency in many polls had confirmed Calderón at the second spot and López Obrador still with a single digit advantage over him. </p><p>After the first debate some political commentators, media outlets, and polls indicated that Calderón<sup id="cite_ref-Opinionr_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Opinionr-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was seen as the winner of the debate, Mercado as the pleasant surprise of the night.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronica_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronica-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a nervous Madrazo as the worst performer of the night.<sup id="cite_ref-Excelsior2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Excelsior2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, political analysts also said that the debate was unnecessarily full of promises and personal attacks. Analysts considered that López Obrador was negatively affected by his absence and polls later confirmed Calderón having replaced López Obrador as the leading candidate. </p><p>A second debate took place on 6 June of the same year, from 20:30 to 22:30,<sup id="cite_ref-Madrazr_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Madrazr-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Central Time, with the confirmed presence of all candidates, including López Obrador. Media outlets have given results to telephone polls applied post-debate showing a mixed tendency. Most, like <i>Reforma</i> and <i>Presente</i>, gave Felipe Calderón the lead, but a few, like <i>Diario Monitor</i>, gave it to Andrés Manuel López Obrador. </p><p>However, the rise of López Obrador in voter preference polls since the debate seems to indicate that it was the PRD candidate who won it. One of the main causes for this victory may have been the <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n#hildebrando" title="Felipe Calderón">Hildebrando</a> accusation that López Obrador made during the debate. </p><p>Before the debate, <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Ahumada" title="Carlos Ahumada">Carlos Ahumada</a>'s wife threatened to release tapes involving allies of López Obrador in suspected acts of corruption, but the release was cancelled due to an attempted murder which is still under investigation. (See: <a href="/wiki/Videoscandals_(M%C3%A9xico)#2006_Videoscandals" class="mw-redirect" title="Videoscandals (México)">Videoscandals</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Seattle_Times_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Seattle_Times-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Victor González Torres, a national pharmacy entrepreneur nicknamed "Dr. Simi", declared himself a non-registered <a href="/wiki/Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">write-in candidate</a> and tried to enter the building where the debate was to take place. González Torres demanded to be allowed participation in the debate, but he was not allowed to enter the building where he made the demand. He even brought his own chair. Candidates with no political parties are not permitted to compete in elections under Mexican law, and votes for all write-in candidates are counted together, regardless of which write-in candidate the vote was cast. </p><p>On 13 June 2006 all political parties, except Nueva Alianza, signed before members of the IFE the Democratic Agreement for the Equality, Legality and Gobernability, in which the main purpose was that everyone agree on a compromise to respect the results of the election.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opinion_polls">Opinion polls</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Opinion polls"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Opinion_poll" title="Opinion poll">Opinion polls</a> in the run-up to the election showed López Obrador and Calderón neck and neck. The last polls conducted before the polling blackout that begins eight days before the election all showed López Obrador and Calderón tied with the results within the margins of error. Both <i><a href="/wiki/Reforma_(newspaper)" title="Reforma (newspaper)">Reforma</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/El_Universal_(Mexico_City)" title="El Universal (Mexico City)">El Universal</a></i> newspapers, considered by many to be <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>'s most influential, gave López Obrador a two-point edge over Calderón. </p><p>The candidates of the smaller parties also gained ground at the expense of Roberto Madrazo and López Obrador. The last poll from <i>El Universal</i> showed <a href="/wiki/Patricia_Mercado" title="Patricia Mercado">Patricia Mercado</a> of <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Farmer_Alternative" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Democratic and Farmer Alternative">Social Democratic and Farmer Alternative</a> had gained enough support for her party to retain its registry. In the latest Zogby poll, Madrazo, however, trailed the leader Calderón by only 8 points and was only 4 points behind López Obrador. </p><p>Averaging the last ten polls conducted before the polling blackout (between 20 June and 23 June), López Obrador edged out Calderón by a razor-thin half percentage point with 35.1%. Calderón had 34.6% and Madrazo came in third with 26%. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Publisher</th> <th>López Obrador</th> <th>Calderón</th> <th>Madrazo </th></tr> <tr> <td>23 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060725162047/http://www.presidencia.com.mx/cgi-local/encuestasmedios.pl?numero=65">Reforma</a></td> <td><b>36%</b></td> <td>34%</td> <td>25% </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060725162100/http://www.presidencia.com.mx/cgi-local/encuestasmedios.pl?numero=66">El Universal</a></td> <td><b>36%</b></td> <td>34%</td> <td>26% </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060725162113/http://www.presidencia.com.mx/cgi-local/encuestasmedios.pl?numero=67">Ulises Beltran y Asociados</a></td> <td><b>34%</b></td> <td><b>34%</b></td> <td>26% </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milenio.com/guadalajara/milenio/portada.asp">Milenio Diario</a></td> <td><b>35.4%</b></td> <td>30.5%</td> <td>29.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130513022352/http://www.isa.org.mx/contenido/GIMX0606bp.pdf">GEA-ISA</a></td> <td>36%</td> <td><b>38%</b></td> <td>23% </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060626062651/http://www.presidencia.com.mx/cgi-local/encuestasmedios.pl?numero=63">Alducin y Asociados</a></td> <td>34%</td> <td><b>38%</b></td> <td>24% </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060725161828/http://www.presidencia.com.mx/cgi-local/encuestasmedios.pl?numero=64">Consulta Mitofsky</a></td> <td><b>36%</b></td> <td>33%</td> <td>27% </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180805024447/http://indemerc-harris.com/">Indermerc</a></td> <td><b>33%</b></td> <td>32%</td> <td>28% </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060703065851/http://www.marketingpolitico.com.mx/Encuestas/Junio%202006/Encuesta%20Nacional%20Junio%202006.pdf">Marketing Político</a></td> <td>34%</td> <td><b>37%</b></td> <td>26% </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nuevoexcelsior.com.mx/Excelsior/macros/GenericNewsWithPhoto.jsp?contentid=4305&version=1">Parametría</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></td> <td><b>36.5%</b></td> <td>32.5%</td> <td>27% </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voanews.com/english/2006-06-19-voa56.cfm">Zogby</a></td> <td>31%</td> <td><b>35%</b></td> <td>27% </td></tr> <tr> <td>14 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181006000402/http://www.hnpnews.com/articulo.php?idart=18204&cat=Pol%C3%ADtica">Reforma</a></td> <td><b>37%</b></td> <td>35%</td> <td>23% </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060907050536/http://www.omnia.com.mx/noticias/27636/chihuahua/">Milenio Diario</a></td> <td><b>34.2%</b></td> <td>31%</td> <td>29.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113520/http://www.tiempo.com.mx/not_detalle.php?id_n=8402">Consulta Mitofsky</a></td> <td><b>35%</b></td> <td>32%</td> <td>28% </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060613163250/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/graficos/animados/presid-jun2-06.html">El Universal</a></td> <td>34%</td> <td><b>37%</b></td> <td>22% </td></tr> <tr> <td>11 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303185028/http://www.isa.org.mx/contenido/Gimx0606ap.pdf">GEA-ISA</a></td> <td>35%</td> <td><b>39%</b></td> <td>23% </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060613162655/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/graficos/animados/presid-jun06.html">El Universal</a></td> <td><b>36%</b></td> <td><b>36%</b></td> <td>24% </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060617194358/http://parametria.com.mx/es_cartaext.php?id_carta=138">Parametría</a></td> <td><b>35.5%</b></td> <td>34.4%</td> <td>27% </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 June 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bgc.com.mx/">BGC, Beltrán y Asociados</a></td> <td><b>35%</b></td> <td><b>35%</b></td> <td>26% </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 May 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milenio.com/MediaCenter/Fotos/2006/Mayo/29/herasg.jpg">Milenio Diario</a></td> <td><b>33%</b></td> <td><b>33%</b></td> <td>3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 May 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consulta.com.mx/interiores/99_pdfs/11_elecciones_pdf/NA20060529_AsiVan_LaminasTelevisa_Noche.pdf">Consulta Mitofsky</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></td> <td><b>34%</b></td> <td><b>34%</b></td> <td>28% </td></tr> <tr> <td>28 May 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303195450/http://www.isa.org.mx/contenido/Gimx0605p.pdf">GEA-ISA</a></td> <td>31%</td> <td><b>40%</b></td> <td>27% </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 May 2006</td> <td>Reforma%</td> <td>35%</td> <td><b>39%</b></td> <td>22% </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 May 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060615033342/http://www.zogby.com/news/ReadNews.dbm?ID=1114">Zogby</a></td> <td>29%</td> <td><b>34%</b></td> <td>22% </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 May 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060526015059/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/graficos/animados/presid-mayo06.html">El Universal</a></td> <td>35%</td> <td><b>39%</b></td> <td>21% </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 May 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060617194310/http://parametria.com.mx/es_cartaext.php?id_carta=134">Parametría</a></td> <td>34%</td> <td><b>36%</b></td> <td>26% </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 May 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165819/http://www.isa.org.mx/contenido/Gimx0604p.pdf">GEA-ISA</a></td> <td>31%</td> <td><b>41%</b></td> <td>25% </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 May 2006</td> <td>Consulta Mitofsky</td> <td>34%</td> <td><b>35%</b></td> <td>27% </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 May 2006</td> <td>Reforma</td> <td>33%</td> <td><b>40%</b></td> <td>22% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 May 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milenio.com/monterrey/milenio/nota.asp?id=79083">Milenio Diario</a></td> <td>33%</td> <td><b>36%</b></td> <td>28% </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 April 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060506175236/http://www.parametria.com.mx/es_cartaext.php?id_carta=131">Parametría</a></td> <td><b>35%</b></td> <td>33%</td> <td>28% </td></tr> <tr> <td>17 April 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060421091318/http://eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/137387.html">El Universal</a></td> <td><b>38%</b></td> <td>34%</td> <td>25% </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 April 2006</td> <td>Milenio Diario</td> <td><b>34%</b></td> <td>31%</td> <td>31% </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 April 2006</td> <td>Arcop*</td> <td>33%</td> <td><b>36%</b></td> <td>29% </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 March 2006</td> <td>Consulta Mitofsky</td> <td><b>37.5%</b></td> <td>30.6%</td> <td>28.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>27 March 2006</td> <td>BIMSA</td> <td><b>31.2%</b></td> <td>25.5%</td> <td>21.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 March 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180508215903/http://www.isa.org.mx/contenido/GIMX0603p.pdf">GEA-ISA</a></td> <td>34%</td> <td><b>36%</b></td> <td>28% </td></tr> <tr> <td>16 March 2006</td> <td>Reforma</td> <td><b>41%</b></td> <td>31%</td> <td>25% </td></tr> <tr> <td>13 March 2006</td> <td>El Universal</td> <td><b>42%</b></td> <td>32%</td> <td>24% </td></tr> <tr> <td>22 February 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consulta.com.mx">Consulta Mitofsky</a></td> <td><b>39.4%</b></td> <td>29.8%</td> <td>27.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 February 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303172521/http://www.isa.org.mx/contenido/Gimx0602p.pdf">GEA-ISA</a></td> <td><b>34%</b></td> <td>27%</td> <td>22% </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 February 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reforma.com.mx">Reforma</a></td> <td><b>38%</b></td> <td>31%</td> <td>29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 February 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060406013301/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/graficos/animados/presid-feb06.html">El Universal</a></td> <td><b>30%</b></td> <td>27%</td> <td>22% </td></tr> <tr> <td>23 January 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170857/http://www.isa.org.mx/contenido/Gimx0601p.pdf">GEA-ISA</a></td> <td>35%</td> <td>35%</td> <td>29% </td></tr> <tr> <td>26 January 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060203034236/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/graficos/animados/presid-ene06.html">El Universal</a></td> <td><b>33%</b></td> <td>27%</td> <td>2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 January 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060506134804/http://parametria.com.mx/es_cartaext.php?id_carta=118">Parametria</a></td> <td><b>35.7%</b></td> <td>27.4%</td> <td>26.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>20 January 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.todito.com/paginas/noticias/184139.html">TV Azteca</a></td> <td><b>38%</b></td> <td>31%</td> <td>28 </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 January 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060304085928/http://www.wilsoncenter.org/news/docs/Reforma%20Polls%201.19.06.PDF">Reforma</a></td> <td><b>34%</b></td> <td>26%</td> <td>22% </td></tr> <tr> <td>19 January 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060427041640/http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2006/01/19/010n1pol.php">La Jornada</a>*</td> <td><b>39%</b></td> <td>27%</td> <td>22% </td></tr> <tr> <td>18 January 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060218041141/http://www.consulta.com.mx/interiores/11_elecciones/elec_Asivan0106.html">Consulta Mitofsky</a></td> <td><b>38.7%</b></td> <td>31.0%</td> <td>29.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 January 2006</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.milenio.com/nota.asp?id=254799">Milenio Diario</a>*</td> <td>28%</td> <td><b>30%</b></td> <td>25% </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 December 2005</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.univision.com/content/content.jhtml?cid=739966">Univision</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></td> <td><b>34.8%</b></td> <td>28.8%</td> <td>30.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>21 November 2005</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060110113900/http://www.consulta.com.mx/interiores/99_pdfs/11_elecciones_pdf/elec_NA20051113_AsiVan.pdf">Reforma</a></td> <td><b>29%</b></td> <td>28%</td> <td>21% </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 November 2005</td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060125024335/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/graficos/animados/presid-nov05.html">El Universal</a></td> <td><b>34%</b></td> <td>22%</td> <td>18% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Date</th> <th>Publisher</th> <th>López Obrador</th> <th>Calderón</th> <th>Madrazo </th></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dd>* Polls conducted by Arcop (published in <i>Milenio</i> and showed the first lead of Calderón over López Obrador) and Covarrubias (published in <i>La Jornada</i>, and the one that showed the highest lead of López Obrador) are internal polls, and generally not as reliable as the others.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conduct">Conduct</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Conduct"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Controversies_of_the_2006_Mexican_general_election" title="Controversies of the 2006 Mexican general election">Controversies of the 2006 Mexican general election</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Results">Results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="President">President</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: President"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 6 July 2006 the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Electoral_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Electoral Institute">Federal Electoral Institute</a> (IFE) announced the final vote count in the 2006 presidential election, resulting in a narrow margin of 0.58 percentage points of victory for <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n_Hinojosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Felipe Calderón Hinojosa">Felipe Calderón Hinojosa</a> (PAN). Calderon's victory was confirmed by the Federal courts on 5 September 2006, and he was declared President-elect of Mexico.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador">Andrés Manuel López Obrador</a> (PRD), and his party, alleged irregularities in over 30% of the country's polling stations, and still after an unsuccessful judicial appeal of election results the PRD continued to call for street protests.<sup><a href="/wiki/Controversies_of_the_2006_Mexican_general_election" title="Controversies of the 2006 Mexican general election">details</a> </sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Quick_count">Quick count</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Quick count"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The IFE declared at 11:00 pm on 2 July 2006 that the statistics yielded by the official quick count indicated that the presidential election was too close to call, meaning that the difference between the two front-runners was smaller than their <a href="/wiki/Margin_of_error" title="Margin of error">margin of error</a>, or 0.3% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The IFE further declared that the official count, which began on Wednesday, 5 July 2006, was to determine which candidate would be recognized as president elect. </p><p>Nevertheless, front-running presidential candidates <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n_Hinojosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Felipe Calderón Hinojosa">Felipe Calderón Hinojosa</a> (PAN) and <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador">Andrés Manuel López Obrador</a> (PRD) declared themselves the winners, basing their speeches on a number of private <a href="/wiki/Exit_poll" title="Exit poll">exit-polls</a>, some quoted and some not quoted, that gave a lead within the margin of error. PAN chairman <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Espino_Barrientos" title="Manuel Espino Barrientos">Manuel Espino Barrientos</a> requested that IFE declare a winner by the night of 3 July 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Preliminary results clearly showed that PRI-PVEM candidate <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Madrazo" title="Roberto Madrazo">Roberto Madrazo</a> did not have a realistic chance of winning the presidency. Those results also showed that the smaller parties (<a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party_(Mexico)" title="New Alliance Party (Mexico)">Nueva Alianza</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Peasant_Alternative_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party">Alternativa Socialdemócrata y Campesina</a>) would retain their registration. </p><p>The so-called "foreign vote", whereby for the first time Mexican citizens living abroad were allowed to vote, albeit solely in the presidential contest, totalled only slightly more than 32,000 voters. The overall turn-out for this election was approximately 59% of the eligible voters. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Preliminary_Electoral_Results_Program">Preliminary Electoral Results Program</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Preliminary Electoral Results Program"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Preliminary Electoral Results Program (<i>Programa de Resultados Electorales Preliminares</i>, or PREP) is mandated by law to provide a quick estimate of the electoral results, but it has no authority to determine the outcome of the election. </p><p>This point was made repeatedly by IFE President <a href="/wiki/Luis_Carlos_Ugalde" title="Luis Carlos Ugalde">Ugalde</a> in his official statements as the 2006 electoral process unfolded.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The use of the PREP has been criticized because its data has been used by one candidate to proclaim his victory and by the other as supposed evidence of fraud. However, the PREP tends to predict the winner accurately when the difference between candidates is more than 1% (a condition that was not met in this election). </p><p>IFE information coordinator René Miranda dismissed PRD allegations that the changes in PREP's numbers were statistically improbable, saying the PREP was used objectively and impartially to "reflect the reality of the country".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Official_count">Official count</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Official count"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the PREP was concluded on 4 July, the official district-based counts were begun on Wednesday 5 July 2006. In accordance with the Federal Code of Electoral Procedures and Institutions (COFIPE), each of Mexico's 300 congressional districts tabulated the votes recorded on the tally sheets (the "actas") for each voting precinct in their district. "In some cases, such as when a tally sheet was illegible, the sealed ballot packets were opened and recounted."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All under the eyes of any election observers that any political party cared to provide. </p><p>The district committee results, along with the ballots, were then transferred to the IFE in <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>, which resulted in the running total shown below.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early returns favored López Obrador, but by 04:07 <a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Time Zone (North America)">Mexico City time</a>, Calderón overtook him. By 07:45, Calderón was leading by approximately 0.33% of the vote. </p> <div style="float:right;"><div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_ml730jr7a3ddgtc7alpnrvxh5x5s3ox"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Write%2Din_candidates" coords="25,159,166,180" title="Write-in candidates" alt="Write-in candidates" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Roberto_Campa" coords="25,133,133,153" title="Roberto Campa" alt="Roberto Campa" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Patricia_Mercado" coords="25,106,183,127" title="Patricia Mercado" alt="Patricia Mercado" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Roberto_Madrazo" coords="25,80,144,101" title="Roberto Madrazo" alt="Roberto Madrazo" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" coords="25,53,222,74" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador" alt="Andrés Manuel López Obrador" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n" coords="25,27,150,48" title="Felipe Calderón" alt="Felipe Calderón" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_ml730jr7a3ddgtc7alpnrvxh5x5s3ox" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/ml730jr7a3ddgtc7alpnrvxh5x5s3ox.png" /></div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2006_Mexican_elections_-_President.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/2006_Mexican_elections_-_President.png/300px-2006_Mexican_elections_-_President.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/2006_Mexican_elections_-_President.png/450px-2006_Mexican_elections_-_President.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/2006_Mexican_elections_-_President.png/600px-2006_Mexican_elections_-_President.png 2x" data-file-width="1429" data-file-height="890" /></a><figcaption>Calderón vs. López Obrador in IFE reports. Note that this shows only the percentages between 34% and 37.5%.</figcaption></figure> <p>The volatility in the vote count was not unexpected. From the beginning, the IFE stated that running totals should not be construed as a trend, and that the official result would be released only when all polling stations had been counted. Several northern states, which strongly favored the PAN party in the PREP results, were slow in counting their ballots.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This delay was at least partially attributable to the double-checking of district station totals with the actual ballot counts, that any political party may ask for under Mexican law.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 6 July, having narrowly lost the preliminary official count, López Obrador declared his intent to challenge the results before the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Electoral_Tribunal" title="Federal Electoral Tribunal">Federal Electoral Tribunal</a> (TEPJF), and demand a full recount of all ballots in Mexico City.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 8 July, his supporters met at Mexico City's <a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_la_Constituci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Plaza de la Constitución">Zócalo</a> square to start what Obrador called "the defense of the popular vote".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The PRD also made a presentation on alleged election irregularities, including (as reported in <i><a href="/wiki/La_Jornada" title="La Jornada">La Jornada</a></i>), allegations that around 7:00 PM, the IFE's running scoreboard vote tally blinked zero for all candidates for a period of 4 minutes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The election-inspired protests were largely peaceful, and according to former IFE president <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Woldenberg" title="José Woldenberg">José Woldenberg</a>, well within the law. However some unions and PRD supporters called for "civil resistance" if the courts decided to ratify Calderón's victory.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some, like editorialist Armando Fuentes Aguirre, expressed concern that this could lead to armed conflict. </p><p>On 5 September 2006 the Federal Electoral Court declared Calderón the definitive winner. </p><p>The final vote tally of the top two candidates was Calderón 15,000,284, López Obrador 14,756,350,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a difference of 243,934. </p><p>Election monitors from the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> stated on 8 July that they found no irregularities that could have affected the transparency of the results and that could have impacted the results.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other election monitors found many examples of fraud and irregularities and demanded a full recount <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. See also: <a href="/wiki/Controversies_of_the_2006_Mexican_general_election" title="Controversies of the 2006 Mexican general election">Controversies of the 2006 Mexican general election</a> </p><p>Earlier media reports had indicated that in two separate incidents, one in <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Nezahualc%C3%B3yotl" title="Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl">Ciudad Nezahualcóyotl</a> and one in <a href="/wiki/Xalapa" title="Xalapa">Xalapa</a>, used ballots and other electoral materials were found in rubbish dumps.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Reforma</i> later reported that this supposed electoral material was found to be photocopies and did not influence the election. <a href="/wiki/Al_Giordano" title="Al Giordano">Al Giordano</a>, though, in a 8 July <i><a href="/wiki/Narco_News" title="Narco News">Narco News</a></i> article, has a <i>La Jornada</i> photo of three completed color ballots found in a Mexico City trash can.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="col" colspan="2">Candidate</th><th scope="col">Party</th><th scope="col">Votes</th><th scope="col">%</th></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0957A4"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Felipe Calderón">Felipe Calderón</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">National Action Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">15,000,284</td><td style="text-align:right">36.69</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#ffcd00"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador">Andrés Manuel López Obrador</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Democratic_Revolution" title="Party of the Democratic Revolution">Party of the Democratic Revolution</a></td><td style="text-align:right">14,756,350</td><td style="text-align:right">36.09</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#4DA663"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Madrazo" title="Roberto Madrazo">Roberto Madrazo</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Institutional_Revolutionary_Party" title="Institutional Revolutionary Party">Institutional Revolutionary Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">9,301,441</td><td style="text-align:right">22.75</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#e02128"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Mercado" title="Patricia Mercado">Patricia Mercado</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Mexico)" title="Social Democratic Party (Mexico)">Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1,128,850</td><td style="text-align:right">2.76</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#00AAAA"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Campa_Cifri%C3%A1n" class="mw-redirect" title="Roberto Campa Cifrián">Roberto Campa Cifrián</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party_(Mexico)" title="New Alliance Party (Mexico)">New Alliance Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">401,804</td><td style="text-align:right">0.98</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3">Non-registered candidates</td><td style="text-align:right">297,989</td><td style="text-align:right">0.73</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"><td colspan="3">Total</td><td style="text-align:right">40,886,718</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><td colspan="5" style="color:black;background:#eaecf0"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="3" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Valid votes</th><td>40,886,718</td><td>97.84</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="3" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Invalid/blank votes</th><td>904,604</td><td>2.16</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="3" style="text-align:left;background:inherit;color:inherit">Total votes</th><td>41,791,322</td><td>100.00</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="3" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Registered voters/turnout</th><td>71,374,373</td><td>58.55</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><td colspan="5" style="text-align:left">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.electionguide.org/elections/id/2011/">IFES</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="By_state">By state</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: By state"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" width="81%"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#cccccc"> <th style="background: gold" width="12%"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Mexico">State</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th style="background: gold" width="8%"><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Felipe Calderón">Calderón</a> </th> <th style="background: gold" width="8%"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador">López Obrador</a> </th> <th style="background: gold" width="8%"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Madrazo" title="Roberto Madrazo">Madrazo</a> </th> <th style="background: gold" width="8%"><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Mercado" title="Patricia Mercado">Mercado</a> </th> <th style="background: gold" width="8%"><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Campa" title="Roberto Campa">Campa</a> </th> <th style="background: gold" width="8%"><a href="/wiki/Write-in" class="mw-redirect" title="Write-in">Write-in</a> </th> <th style="background: gold" width="8%">None </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes">Aguascalientes</a></td> <td align="right"><b>193,588</b></td> <td align="right">89,920</td> <td align="right">97,935</td> <td align="right">16,275</td> <td align="right">5,597</td> <td align="right">3,335</td> <td align="right">7,669 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baja_California" title="Baja California">Baja California</a></td> <td align="right"><b>450,186</b></td> <td align="right">224,275</td> <td align="right">203,233</td> <td align="right">35,917</td> <td align="right">13,522</td> <td align="right">6,488</td> <td align="right">17,099 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Baja_California_Sur" title="Baja California Sur">Baja California Sur</a></td> <td align="right">62,127</td> <td align="right"><b>77,875</b></td> <td align="right">29,874</td> <td align="right">5,470</td> <td align="right">1,475</td> <td align="right">1,225</td> <td align="right">2,801 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Campeche" title="Campeche">Campeche</a></td> <td align="right">99,526</td> <td align="right"><b>101,192</b></td> <td align="right">87,412</td> <td align="right">4,756</td> <td align="right">8,470</td> <td align="right">1,652</td> <td align="right">9,514 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a></td> <td align="right">215,358</td> <td align="right"><b>551,749</b></td> <td align="right">427,351</td> <td align="right">15,065</td> <td align="right">7,378</td> <td align="right">8,395</td> <td align="right">47,327 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chihuahua_(state)" title="Chihuahua (state)">Chihuahua</a></td> <td align="right"><b>523,914</b></td> <td align="right">212,069</td> <td align="right">341,916</td> <td align="right">31,414</td> <td align="right">20,375</td> <td align="right">6,540</td> <td align="right">25,405 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Coahuila" title="Coahuila">Coahuila</a></td> <td align="right"><b>400,894</b></td> <td align="right">225,117</td> <td align="right">245,960</td> <td align="right">26,450</td> <td align="right">8,412</td> <td align="right">8,192</td> <td align="right">14,919 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Colima" title="Colima">Colima</a></td> <td align="right"><b>107,880</b></td> <td align="right">61,434</td> <td align="right">76,586</td> <td align="right">5,284</td> <td align="right">1,567</td> <td align="right">784</td> <td align="right">4,591 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Federal_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican Federal District">Distrito Federal</a></td> <td align="right">1,325,474</td> <td align="right"><b>2,813,112</b></td> <td align="right">413,644</td> <td align="right">175,517</td> <td align="right">27,152</td> <td align="right">14,833</td> <td align="right">69,553 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Durango" title="Durango">Durango</a></td> <td align="right"><b>255,229</b></td> <td align="right">128,881</td> <td align="right">153,990</td> <td align="right">11,188</td> <td align="right">5,769</td> <td align="right">6,113</td> <td align="right">10,873 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guanajuato" title="Guanajuato">Guanajuato</a></td> <td align="right"><b>1,155,403</b></td> <td align="right">301,463</td> <td align="right">368,789</td> <td align="right">49,753</td> <td align="right">18,611</td> <td align="right">17,136</td> <td align="right">49,896 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Guerrero" title="Guerrero">Guerrero</a></td> <td align="right">160,253</td> <td align="right"><b>510,217</b></td> <td align="right">263,035</td> <td align="right">16,809</td> <td align="right">10,493</td> <td align="right">7,132</td> <td align="right">24,172 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hidalgo_(Mexico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hidalgo (Mexico)">Hidalgo</a></td> <td align="right">251,772</td> <td align="right"><b>385,750</b></td> <td align="right">235,926</td> <td align="right">25,702</td> <td align="right">15,360</td> <td align="right">6,444</td> <td align="right">24,636 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jalisco" title="Jalisco">Jalisco</a></td> <td align="right"><b>1,435,334</b></td> <td align="right">559,266</td> <td align="right">705,925</td> <td align="right">93,836</td> <td align="right">37,739</td> <td align="right">16,537</td> <td align="right">61,729 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9xico_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="México (state)">México</a></td> <td align="right">1,771,515</td> <td align="right"><b>2,469,093</b></td> <td align="right">1,033,110</td> <td align="right">215,857</td> <td align="right">61,494</td> <td align="right">48,075</td> <td align="right">101,188 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michoac%C3%A1n" title="Michoacán">Michoacán</a></td> <td align="right">515,600</td> <td align="right"><b>615,535</b></td> <td align="right">283,157</td> <td align="right">29,951</td> <td align="right">8,229</td> <td align="right">10,780</td> <td align="right">31,845 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Morelos" title="Morelos">Morelos</a></td> <td align="right">226,340</td> <td align="right"><b>312,815</b></td> <td align="right">111,118</td> <td align="right">24,736</td> <td align="right">12,129</td> <td align="right">6,901</td> <td align="right">15,062 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nayarit" title="Nayarit">Nayarit</a></td> <td align="right">69,097</td> <td align="right"><b>152,999</b></td> <td align="right">123,284</td> <td align="right">7,730</td> <td align="right">3,840</td> <td align="right">1,919</td> <td align="right">6,978 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a></td> <td align="right"><b>865,006</b></td> <td align="right">282,384</td> <td align="right">488,402</td> <td align="right">51,760</td> <td align="right">31,112</td> <td align="right">11,343</td> <td align="right">39,211 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oaxaca" title="Oaxaca">Oaxaca</a></td> <td align="right">226,304</td> <td align="right"><b>620,062</b></td> <td align="right">428,026</td> <td align="right">19,482</td> <td align="right">5,620</td> <td align="right">7,672</td> <td align="right">42,017 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Puebla" title="Puebla">Puebla</a></td> <td align="right"><b>743,831</b></td> <td align="right">639,659</td> <td align="right">460,183</td> <td align="right">50,234</td> <td align="right">20,418</td> <td align="right">16,227</td> <td align="right">53,614 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quer%C3%A9taro" title="Querétaro">Querétaro</a></td> <td align="right"><b>322,975</b></td> <td align="right">160,383</td> <td align="right">133,188</td> <td align="right">16,536</td> <td align="right">6,028</td> <td align="right">5,823</td> <td align="right">15,451 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Quintana_Roo" title="Quintana Roo">Quintana Roo</a></td> <td align="right">111,485</td> <td align="right"><b>147,839</b></td> <td align="right">105,086</td> <td align="right">8,801</td> <td align="right">2,768</td> <td align="right">2,729</td> <td align="right">7,014 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Potos%C3%AD" title="San Luis Potosí">San Luis Potosí</a></td> <td align="right"><b>462,329</b></td> <td align="right">204,983</td> <td align="right">207,602</td> <td align="right">23,648</td> <td align="right">8,360</td> <td align="right">7,470</td> <td align="right">37,332 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sinaloa" title="Sinaloa">Sinaloa</a></td> <td align="right"><b>363,461</b></td> <td align="right">301,709</td> <td align="right">263,553</td> <td align="right">20,620</td> <td align="right">6,717</td> <td align="right">5,397</td> <td align="right">19,227 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a></td> <td align="right"><b>468,288</b></td> <td align="right">240,114</td> <td align="right">175,365</td> <td align="right">23,187</td> <td align="right">6,914</td> <td align="right">3,724</td> <td align="right">16,345 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tabasco" title="Tabasco">Tabasco</a></td> <td align="right">31,975</td> <td align="right"><b>512,743</b></td> <td align="right">344,526</td> <td align="right">4,261</td> <td align="right">1,906</td> <td align="right">1,582</td> <td align="right">14,120 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tamaulipas" title="Tamaulipas">Tamaulipas</a></td> <td align="right"><b>506,177</b></td> <td align="right">324,491</td> <td align="right">317,849</td> <td align="right">25,025</td> <td align="right">12,424</td> <td align="right">15,853</td> <td align="right">24,103 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tlaxcala" title="Tlaxcala">Tlaxcala</a></td> <td align="right">140,128</td> <td align="right"><b>180,487</b></td> <td align="right">59,672</td> <td align="right">11,130</td> <td align="right">3,426</td> <td align="right">6,504</td> <td align="right">8,883 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a></td> <td align="right">1,006,676</td> <td align="right"><b>1,036,474</b></td> <td align="right">727,638</td> <td align="right">55,971</td> <td align="right">17,777</td> <td align="right">25,396</td> <td align="right">72,412 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatán (state)">Yucatán</a></td> <td align="right"><b>364,353</b></td> <td align="right">125,152</td> <td align="right">260,116</td> <td align="right">12,962</td> <td align="right">4,504</td> <td align="right">6,784</td> <td align="right">15,284 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a></td> <td align="right">167,806</td> <td align="right"><b>187,088</b></td> <td align="right">128,392</td> <td align="right">13,523</td> <td align="right">6,218</td> <td align="right">9,004</td> <td align="right">13,224 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #FFFFFF" align="center"><b>Total</b></td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF" align="right"><b>15,000,284</b></td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF" align="right">14,756,350</td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF" align="right">9,301,441</td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF" align="right">1,128,850</td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF" align="right">401,804</td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF" align="right">297,989</td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF" align="right">904,604 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senate">Senate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Senate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="11" style="text-align:center;color:black;background:#F8F9FA"><div class="switcher-container"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2006_Mexican_Senate_Election.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/2006_Mexican_Senate_Election.svg/300px-2006_Mexican_Senate_Election.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/2006_Mexican_Senate_Election.svg/450px-2006_Mexican_Senate_Election.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/2006_Mexican_Senate_Election.svg/600px-2006_Mexican_Senate_Election.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Results by party</span></div><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mexican_Senate_2006_(coalitions).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Mexican_Senate_2006_%28coalitions%29.svg/300px-Mexican_Senate_2006_%28coalitions%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Mexican_Senate_2006_%28coalitions%29.svg/450px-Mexican_Senate_2006_%28coalitions%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Mexican_Senate_2006_%28coalitions%29.svg/600px-Mexican_Senate_2006_%28coalitions%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Results by coalition</span></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="col" rowspan="2" colspan="4">Party or alliance</th><th scope="col" colspan="3">Party-list</th><th scope="col" colspan="3">Constituency</th><th scope="col" rowspan="2">Total<br />seats</th></tr><tr><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Votes</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">%</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Seats</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Votes</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">%</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Seats</th></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0957A4"></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">National Action Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">14,035,503</td><td style="text-align:right">34.47</td><td style="text-align:right">11</td><td style="text-align:right">13,889,159</td><td style="text-align:right">34.39</td><td style="text-align:right">41</td><td style="text-align:right">52</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="4" style="width:0px;background-color:#ffcd00"></td><td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_the_Good_of_All" title="Coalition for the Good of All">Coalition<br />for the<br />Good of All</a></td><td style="background-color:#ffcd00"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Democratic_Revolution" title="Party of the Democratic Revolution">Party of the Democratic Revolution</a></td><td rowspan="4" style="text-align:right">12,397,008</td><td rowspan="4" style="text-align:right">30.45</td><td style="text-align:right">6</td><td rowspan="4" style="text-align:right">12,292,512</td><td rowspan="4" style="text-align:right">30.44</td><td style="text-align:right">20</td><td style="text-align:right">26</td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#DB2017"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Mexico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour Party (Mexico)">Labour Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#FF8C00"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Movement_(Mexico)" title="Citizens' Movement (Mexico)">Convergence</a></td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">4</td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr style="font-style:italic"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="font-style:italic;text-align:right">10</td><td style="text-align:right">26</td><td style="text-align:right;font-style:italic">36</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" style="width:0px;background-color:#4DA663"></td><td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Mexico" title="Alliance for Mexico">Alliance<br />for Mexico</a></td><td style="background-color:#4DA663"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Institutional_Revolutionary_Party" title="Institutional Revolutionary Party">Institutional Revolutionary Party</a></td><td rowspan="3" style="text-align:right">11,681,395</td><td rowspan="3" style="text-align:right">28.69</td><td style="text-align:right">6</td><td rowspan="3" style="text-align:right">11,622,012</td><td rowspan="3" style="text-align:right">28.78</td><td style="text-align:right">27</td><td style="text-align:right">33</td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#9AC95E"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ecologist_Green_Party_of_Mexico" title="Ecologist Green Party of Mexico">Ecologist Green Party of Mexico</a></td><td style="text-align:right">4</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">6</td></tr><tr style="font-style:italic"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="font-style:italic;text-align:right">10</td><td style="text-align:right">29</td><td style="text-align:right;font-style:italic">39</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#00AAAA"></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party_(Mexico)" title="New Alliance Party (Mexico)">New Alliance Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1,688,198</td><td style="text-align:right">4.15</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td><td style="text-align:right">1,677,033</td><td style="text-align:right">4.15</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">1</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#e02128"></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Mexico)" title="Social Democratic Party (Mexico)">Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">795,730</td><td style="text-align:right">1.95</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">787,425</td><td style="text-align:right">1.95</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DCDCDC"></td><td colspan="3">Non-registered candidates</td><td style="text-align:right">119,422</td><td style="text-align:right">0.29</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">118,835</td><td style="text-align:right">0.29</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"><td colspan="4">Total</td><td style="text-align:right">40,717,256</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td><td style="text-align:right">32</td><td style="text-align:right">40,386,976</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td><td style="text-align:right">96</td><td style="text-align:right">128</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><td colspan="11" style="color:black;background:#eaecf0"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="4" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Valid votes</th><td>40,717,256</td><td>97.55</td><td></td><td>40,386,976</td><td>97.54</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="4" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Invalid/blank votes</th><td>1,021,932</td><td>2.45</td><td></td><td>1,016,997</td><td>2.46</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="4" style="text-align:left;background:inherit;color:inherit">Total votes</th><td>41,739,188</td><td>100.00</td><td></td><td>41,403,973</td><td>100.00</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="4" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Registered voters/turnout</th><td>71,374,373</td><td>58.48</td><td></td><td>71,374,373</td><td>58.01</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><td colspan="11" style="text-align:left">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portalanterior.ine.mx/documentos/OE/prontuario2009/Prontuario_2009.pdf">INE</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chamber_of_Deputies">Chamber of Deputies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Chamber of Deputies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"><caption></caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="11" style="text-align:center;color:black;background:#F8F9FA"><div class="switcher-container"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2006_Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_Election.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/2006_Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_Election.svg/300px-2006_Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_Election.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/2006_Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_Election.svg/450px-2006_Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_Election.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/2006_Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_Election.svg/600px-2006_Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_Election.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Results by party</span></div><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_(coalitions)_2006.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_%28coalitions%29_2006.svg/300px-Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_%28coalitions%29_2006.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_%28coalitions%29_2006.svg/450px-Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_%28coalitions%29_2006.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_%28coalitions%29_2006.svg/600px-Mexican_Chamber_of_Deputies_%28coalitions%29_2006.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a></span><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Results by coalition</span></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="col" rowspan="2" colspan="4">Party or alliance</th><th scope="col" colspan="3">Party-list</th><th scope="col" colspan="3">Constituency</th><th scope="col" rowspan="2">Total<br />seats</th></tr><tr><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Votes</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">%</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Seats</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Votes</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">%</th><th scope="col" rowspan="1">Seats</th></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#0957A4"></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)">National Action Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">13,845,121</td><td style="text-align:right">34.27</td><td style="text-align:right">69</td><td style="text-align:right">13,753,633</td><td style="text-align:right">34.25</td><td style="text-align:right">137</td><td style="text-align:right">206</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="4" style="width:0px;background-color:#ffcd00"></td><td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_the_Good_of_All" title="Coalition for the Good of All">Coalition<br />for the<br />Good of All</a></td><td style="background-color:#ffcd00"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Democratic_Revolution" title="Party of the Democratic Revolution">Party of the Democratic Revolution</a></td><td rowspan="4" style="text-align:right">12,013,364</td><td rowspan="4" style="text-align:right">29.74</td><td style="text-align:right">36</td><td rowspan="4" style="text-align:right">11,619,679</td><td rowspan="4" style="text-align:right">28.93</td><td style="text-align:right">90</td><td style="text-align:right">126</td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#DB2017"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(Mexico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour Party (Mexico)">Labour Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">13</td><td style="text-align:right">3</td><td style="text-align:right">16</td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#FF8C00"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Citizens%27_Movement_(Mexico)" title="Citizens' Movement (Mexico)">Convergence</a></td><td style="text-align:right">11</td><td style="text-align:right">5</td><td style="text-align:right">16</td></tr><tr style="font-style:italic"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="font-style:italic;text-align:right">60</td><td style="text-align:right">98</td><td style="text-align:right;font-style:italic">158</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="3" style="width:0px;background-color:#4DA663"></td><td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Mexico" title="Alliance for Mexico">Alliance<br />for Mexico</a></td><td style="background-color:#4DA663"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Institutional_Revolutionary_Party" title="Institutional Revolutionary Party">Institutional Revolutionary Party</a></td><td rowspan="3" style="text-align:right">11,676,585</td><td rowspan="3" style="text-align:right">28.90</td><td style="text-align:right">41</td><td rowspan="3" style="text-align:right">11,941,842</td><td rowspan="3" style="text-align:right">29.73</td><td style="text-align:right">63</td><td style="text-align:right">104</td></tr><tr><td style="background-color:#9AC95E"></td><td><a href="/wiki/Ecologist_Green_Party_of_Mexico" title="Ecologist Green Party of Mexico">Ecologist Green Party of Mexico</a></td><td style="text-align:right">17</td><td style="text-align:right">2</td><td style="text-align:right">19</td></tr><tr style="font-style:italic"><td colspan="2">Total</td><td style="font-style:italic;text-align:right">58</td><td style="text-align:right">65</td><td style="text-align:right;font-style:italic">123</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#00AAAA"></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/New_Alliance_Party_(Mexico)" title="New Alliance Party (Mexico)">New Alliance Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">1,883,476</td><td style="text-align:right">4.66</td><td style="text-align:right">9</td><td style="text-align:right">1,872,283</td><td style="text-align:right">4.66</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">9</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#e02128"></td><td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Mexico)" title="Social Democratic Party (Mexico)">Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party</a></td><td style="text-align:right">850,989</td><td style="text-align:right">2.11</td><td style="text-align:right">4</td><td style="text-align:right">845,749</td><td style="text-align:right">2.11</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">4</td></tr><tr><td style="width:0px;background-color:#DCDCDC"></td><td colspan="3">Non-registered candidates</td><td style="text-align:right">128,825</td><td style="text-align:right">0.32</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">128,347</td><td style="text-align:right">0.32</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td><td style="text-align:right">0</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold"><td colspan="4">Total</td><td style="text-align:right">40,398,360</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td><td style="text-align:right">200</td><td style="text-align:right">40,161,533</td><td style="text-align:right">100.00</td><td style="text-align:right">300</td><td style="text-align:right">500</td></tr><tr class="sortbottom"><td colspan="11" style="color:black;background:#eaecf0"></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="4" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Valid votes</th><td>40,398,360</td><td>97.50</td><td></td><td>40,161,533</td><td>97.49</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="4" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Invalid/blank votes</th><td>1,037,574</td><td>2.50</td><td></td><td>1,033,665</td><td>2.51</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="font-weight:bold;text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="4" style="text-align:left;background:inherit;color:inherit">Total votes</th><td>41,435,934</td><td>100.00</td><td></td><td>41,195,198</td><td>100.00</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><th scope="row" colspan="4" style="text-align:left;font-weight:normal;color:inherit;background:inherit">Registered voters/turnout</th><td>71,374,373</td><td>58.05</td><td></td><td>71,374,373</td><td>57.72</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr class="sortbottom" style="text-align:right"><td colspan="11" style="text-align:left">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portalanterior.ine.mx/documentos/OE/prontuario2009/Prontuario_2009.pdf">INE</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demands_for_a_recount">Demands for a recount</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Demands for a recount"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist 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election</a></li></ul></div></div></div> </div> <p>Soon after it was clear that the official count would result with <a href="/wiki/Felipe_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Felipe Calderón">Felipe Calderón</a> ahead, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Manuel_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador" title="Andrés Manuel López Obrador">Andrés Manuel López Obrador</a> stated that he and his party, the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Democratic_Revolution" title="Party of the Democratic Revolution">PRD</a>, would fight for a "vote-by-vote" general recount. </p><p>He presented nine boxes and 900 pages of supposed evidence alleging mathematical electoral irregularities in 50,000 polling places to the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Electoral_Tribunal" title="Federal Electoral Tribunal">Federal Electoral Tribunal</a> (TEPJF). In addition, he claimed that in areas with large numbers of López Obrador supporters, election officials nullified 900,000 votes.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Supporters_of_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador_marching_in_Guanajuato,_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Supporters_of_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador_marching_in_Guanajuato%2C_2006.jpg/220px-Supporters_of_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador_marching_in_Guanajuato%2C_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Supporters_of_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador_marching_in_Guanajuato%2C_2006.jpg/330px-Supporters_of_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador_marching_in_Guanajuato%2C_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Supporters_of_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador_marching_in_Guanajuato%2C_2006.jpg/440px-Supporters_of_L%C3%B3pez_Obrador_marching_in_Guanajuato%2C_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>Supporters of López Obrador marching in Guanajuato</figcaption></figure><p>López Obrador and his supporters began organizing mass protests, marches, and civil disobedience, culminating in a massive rally in <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>'s historic <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%B3calo" title="Zócalo">Zócalo</a> on 30 July 2006. Estimates of the crowd at the rally range from 500,000 to 3,000,000 supporters.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, López Obrador's campaign set up <i>plantones</i>, or encampments, inside the Zócalo and along <a href="/wiki/Paseo_de_la_Reforma" title="Paseo de la Reforma">Paseo de la Reforma</a>, one of <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>'s main arteries, for 47 days and slowing traffic for hours. The encampments were widely unpopular, as 65% of inhabitants in Mexico City opposed them.<sup id="cite_ref-opone_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-opone-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On Saturday, 5 August, the TEPJF met in public session to decide the outcome of López Obrador's request for a recount. The seven magistrates voted unanimously that there was only sufficient legal justification to order the recount of 11,839 ballot boxes in 155 districts (9.2% of the total), thus rejecting López Obrador's public demand that all votes and ballot boxes be recounted. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.jornada.unam.mx:3128/solo-procede-el-recuento-en-11-839-casillas-y-no-en-la-totalidad-tepjf">[1]</a> The Tribunal based its decision of a partial recount on its finding that, despite publicly demanding a vote by vote general recount, López Obrador's party only presented legal claims to less than 44,000 polling stations, or less than 34%. Therefore, legally, only those 44,000 polling stations were deemed controversial by the TEPJF. The Tribunal ruled that the non-controversial votes should not be recounted, because "the certainty asked by the Coalition (of López Obrador's party) is tied to the respect of the citizen counts in non-controversial polling stations". However, the Tribunal did certify that principles of certainty in the elections called for a justified recount in some of the controversial stations, as irregularities were found.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the western state of <a href="/wiki/Jalisco" title="Jalisco">Jalisco</a> alone, 2,705 ballot boxes (33% of the state's total) will be recounted due to "evident mathematical errors". The state with the highest percentage of ballot boxes to be reopened is <a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes">Aguascalientes</a> with 436 or 35% of its 1,226 total ballot boxes. Other states with a high percentage of ballot boxes authorized to be opened include: <a href="/wiki/Tamaulipas" title="Tamaulipas">Tamaulipas</a>, 942 ballot boxes (or 23.7% of total ballot boxes); <a href="/wiki/Campeche" title="Campeche">Campeche</a>, 170 (18.3%); <a href="/wiki/Chihuahua_(state)" title="Chihuahua (state)">Chihuahua</a>, 727 (15%); <a href="/wiki/Durango" title="Durango">Durango</a>, 344 (15.4%); <a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a>, 508 (10%); <a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Potos%C3%AD" title="San Luis Potosí">San Luis Potosí</a>, 495 (16%); <a href="/wiki/Sinaloa" title="Sinaloa">Sinaloa</a>, 334 (7.7%); <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatán (state)">Yucatán</a>, 228 (10.5%); <a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a>, 221 (9.23%); <a href="/wiki/Quer%C3%A9taro" title="Querétaro">Querétaro</a>, 9.4%. </p><p>States with small percentages include: <a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a>, 81 ballot boxes (1.6%); <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Federal_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican Federal District">Distrito Federal</a>, 227 (1.85%); <a href="/wiki/Estado_de_M%C3%A9xico" class="mw-redirect" title="Estado de México">Estado de México</a>, 362 (2.33%); <a href="/wiki/Michoac%C3%A1n" title="Michoacán">Michoacán</a>, 300 (5.5%); <a href="/wiki/Morelos" title="Morelos">Morelos</a>, 124 (6%); <a href="/wiki/Puebla" title="Puebla">Puebla</a>, 194 (3.22%); <a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a>, 396 (6.56%); and <a href="/wiki/Quintana_Roo" title="Quintana Roo">Quintana Roo</a>, 10 (0.8%).<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The recount commenced on Wednesday, 9 August, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/mexican-recount-begins-as-protests-expand-1.574957">(CBC)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060815054322/http://www.voanews.com/english/2006-08-09-voa20.cfm">(VOA)</a> and concluded on Sunday, 13 August. Only after calculating the recounted votes will the TEPJF declare the candidate with the most votes as president-elect.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On Friday, 11 August both disputing parties held press conferences, in which, despite the TEPJF's insistence that no recount results would be released until Sunday, each provided their own internal figures based on their observers in the recount. These figures clashed dramatically; according to the PAN, 75% of the votes had been recounted and the results confirmed that the initial count was "perfect", with fewer than three errors per ballot box and no <a href="/wiki/Systemic_bias" title="Systemic bias">systemic bias</a>. (This is the message that most of the press reported, although others reported that the "75% without errors" figure was out of the completed, not the total, recount; still, the figures were hard to square with Coalition claims.) The Coalition claimed that only 60% of the recount was complete, and that in this recount their party had gained an average of 29 votes per ballot box. (Again, this was the message in most of the press, though other press outlets seemed to imply that the Coalition claims included lost or excess ballots as well as miscounted ones.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.proceso.com.mx/noticia.html?nid=43016&cat=2">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927032616/http://www.proceso.com.mx/noticia.html?nid=43016&cat=2">Archived</a> 2007-09-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </p><p>On 28 August the TEPJF announced the results of the partial recount, subtracting 81,080 votes for Calderón, 76,897 votes for López Obrador, 63,114 for Roberto Madrazo, 5,962 for Patricia Mercado, 2,743 for Roberto Campa, and 7,940 for the remaining candidates. A total of 237,736 votes were annulled out of the approximately 4 million votes recounted. That means around 6% of the recounted votes were annulled.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-multiple2_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-multiple2-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the Tribunal's ruling, and despite the ruling being based on his party's decision of not contesting all polls judicially, López Obrador continues to demand the "vote-by-vote" general recount, promising to continue civil disobedience and sit-ins. He was quoted as saying, "We don't want a portion of democracy. We want 100% democracy." <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5251252.stm">[3]</a> </p><p>A day before the end of the recount, López Obrador's coalition threatened with national mobilizations to prevent the "imposition" of Calderón, if the PAN candidate was confirmed the winner of the election. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/368336.html">[4]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060823061516/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/368336.html">Archived</a> 2006-08-23 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Calls_for_electoral_reform">Calls for electoral reform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Calls for electoral reform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On Thursday November 23, 2006 the European Union (EU) election observer mission presented its final report.<sup id="cite_ref-eumission_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eumission-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-eufinrep_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eufinrep-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The report was generally positive and defended the official result of the July 2 presidential election saying they "reflect[ed] the legitimate will of the Mexican people." However, the report also expressed concerns and raised several criticisms, both general and specific, of the electoral process and the election. The report includes 48 specific recommendations for future reform to "strengthen the electoral process", such as introducing random automatic recounts in the case of a close election, shortening the campaign period, considering the introduction of a <a href="/wiki/Two-round_system" title="Two-round system">two round run-off</a> system for presidential elections, and general clarifications in the electoral law (e.g., clarifying the grounds for requesting a recount and for the annulling of the election). </p><p>A 24 November 2006 article by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Herald_Mexico" title="The Herald Mexico">The Herald Mexico</a></i> reports:<sup id="cite_ref-herald22095_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-herald22095-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "All of Mexico's major parties have called for reforms to electoral laws, including clearer limits on funding, greater transparency on campaign spending and a shorter campaign period." </p><p>The article also stated "The EU mission, headed by Spanish Deputy <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Salafranca_S%C3%A1nchez-Neira" class="mw-redirect" title="José Salafranca Sánchez-Neira">José Ignacio Salafranca</a>, said on Thursday that a runoff election would help the nation's electoral system, especially following results as close as this year's, when Felipe Calderón beat Andrés Manuel López Obrador by less than a percentage point. In a news conference, Salafranca said that while a second round would be expensive, it would give 'greater democratic legitimacy' to the result." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subsequent_political_crisis">Subsequent political crisis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Subsequent political crisis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The high degree of controversy and polarization that resulted from this election gave way to a grave political crisis in Mexico throughout 2006. The elections were more controversial than those of <a href="/wiki/1988_Mexican_general_election" title="1988 Mexican general election">1988</a>, and in a symbolic act, on 20 November López Obrador organized a ceremony to take office as the "Legitimate President of Mexico", followed by his sympathizers. </p><p>Calderón's inauguration ceremony on 1 December at the <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Union" title="Congress of the Union">Congress of the Union</a> was tense and lasted less than five minutes, as he barely managed to recite the <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_office" title="Oath of office">oath of office</a> while the PRD legislators shouted in protest against the alleged electoral fraud and attempted to impede his inauguration, and afterward he quickly left the building for security reasons as some of the legislators engaged in violent brawls.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besides the claims of fraud, Calderón took office with the smallest percentage of votes for a winning presidential candidate in Mexican history (35.8%), which meant that his administration would face severe legitimacy problems. Only a month after taking office, Calderón declared war on the drug cartels and organized crime, thus beginning the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Drug_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican Drug War">Mexican Drug War</a>. This was considered by many as an immediate strategy to gain popular legitimacy and acceptance for the new President after the convoluted elections.<sup id="cite_ref-jornada.com.mx_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jornada.com.mx-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sinembargo.mx_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sinembargo.mx-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-El_gran_fracaso_por_la_legitimidad_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-El_gran_fracaso_por_la_legitimidad-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2006 elections remain a point of controversy and discussion. López Obrador, who ran for the presidency again in <a href="/wiki/2012_Mexican_general_election" title="2012 Mexican general election">2012</a> before finally winning the presidency on his third try in <a href="/wiki/2018_Mexican_general_election" title="2018 Mexican general election">2018</a>, has always considered himself as the legitimate winner of this election even after all political parties, except Nueva Alianza, signed before members of the IFE on June 13, 2006 the Democratic Agreement for the Equality, Legality and Gobernability in which the main purpose was that everyone agree on a compromise to respect the election results.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Filmmaker <a href="/wiki/Luis_Mandoki" title="Luis Mandoki">Luis Mandoki</a> produced a documentary titled "Fraude: México 2006", in which he chronicles many events of the second half of <a href="/wiki/Vicente_Fox" title="Vicente Fox">Vicente Fox</a>'s administration that led up to the heated 2006 election, and highlights the irregularities that took place during the process. The film has a duration of 110 minutes and topped the Mexican box office upon its 2007 debut.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a 2011 opinion poll published by <a href="/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs" title="El País">El País</a> about whether the 2006 elections had been fraudulent, 49% of the respondents believed that the election was rigged, against 43% who believed it wasn't rigged and 8% who were unsure.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017 PRI member and former governor of Coahuila, <a href="/wiki/Humberto_Moreira" title="Humberto Moreira">Humberto Moreira</a> accused Calderón of "stealing the Presidency" in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2018, Roberto Madrazo, who was the 2006 PRI presidential candidate, stated in an interview that according to the data he received after the election, López Obrador had been the winner.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mexican sociologist <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Peschard" title="Jacqueline Peschard">Jacqueline Peschard</a> has identified the "breakdown in consensus that nearly resulted" because of this election as a major turning point in the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Mexico" title="History of Mexico">history of Mexico</a> as a functioning and legitimate <a href="/wiki/Liberal_democracy" title="Liberal democracy">liberal democracy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jornada.com.mx/2007/07/02/index.php?section=politica&article=006n1pol">"La intervención de Vicente Fox en 2006, <i>traición a la democracia</i>: Poniatowska"</a>. <i>La Jornada</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Jornada&rft.atitle=La+intervenci%C3%B3n+de+Vicente+Fox+en+2006%2C+traici%C3%B3n+a+la+democracia%3A+Poniatowska&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jornada.com.mx%2F2007%2F07%2F02%2Findex.php%3Fsection%3Dpolitica%26article%3D006n1pol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jornada.com.mx-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jornada.com.mx_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jornada.com.mx_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jornada.com.mx/2007/12/01/index.php?section=politica&article=009n1pol">"Ganar legitimidad, de las prioridades de Calderón en un año de gobierno"</a>. <i>Jornada</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jornada&rft.atitle=Ganar+legitimidad%2C+de+las+prioridades+de+Calder%C3%B3n+en+un+a%C3%B1o+de+gobierno&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jornada.com.mx%2F2007%2F12%2F01%2Findex.php%3Fsection%3Dpolitica%26article%3D009n1pol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sinembargo.mx-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sinembargo.mx_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sinembargo.mx_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlores2016" class="citation web cs1">Flores, Linaloe (6 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sinembargo.mx/06-12-2016/3122368">"Calderón lanzó la guerra para legitimarse, y su personalidad lo llevó al punto de no retorno"</a>. <i>SinEmbargo</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SinEmbargo&rft.atitle=Calder%C3%B3n+lanz%C3%B3+la+guerra+para+legitimarse%2C+y+su+personalidad+lo+llev%C3%B3+al+punto+de+no+retorno&rft.date=2016-12-06&rft.aulast=Flores&rft.aufirst=Linaloe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sinembargo.mx%2F06-12-2016%2F3122368&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-El_gran_fracaso_por_la_legitimidad-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-El_gran_fracaso_por_la_legitimidad_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-El_gran_fracaso_por_la_legitimidad_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVillarreal2011" class="citation web cs1">Villarreal, Hector (10 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://revistareplicante.com/el-gran-fracaso-por-la-legitimidad/">"El gran fracaso por la legitimidad"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+gran+fracaso+por+la+legitimidad&rft.date=2011-09-10&rft.aulast=Villarreal&rft.aufirst=Hector&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frevistareplicante.com%2Fel-gran-fracaso-por-la-legitimidad%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Excelsior1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Excelsior1_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nuevoexcelsior.com.mx/XStatic/excelsior/template/noticia.aspx?s=1&sl=1&n=4293"><i>La silla vacía puede ser arma de dos filos</i></a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> ("Empty chair can be a double-edged sword") 4 April 2006 <i><a href="/wiki/Exc%C3%A9lsior" title="Excélsior">Excélsior</a></i>. Retrieved on 6 May 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Opinionr-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Opinionr_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laopinion.com/primerapagina/?rkey=00000000000000084330"><i>Dan como ganador del debate a Calderón</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927023133/http://www.laopinion.com/primerapagina/?rkey=00000000000000084330">Archived</a> 2007-09-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> ("Calderón seen as the winner of debate") 27 April 2006 <i>Prensa Latina</i>. Retrieved on 6 May 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cronica-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cronica_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cronica.com.mx/nota.php?idc=238139"><i>Gana Calderón; Mercado sorprende; pierde López </i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060501012528/http://www.cronica.com.mx/nota.php?idc=238139">Archived</a> 2006-05-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> ("Calderón wins, Mercado surprises, López loses") April 26, 2006 <i>La Crónica</i>. Retrieved on 6 May 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Excelsior2-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Excelsior2_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nuevoexcelsior.com.mx/XStatic/excelsior/template/noticia.aspx?s=1&sl=1&sc=469&n=-4460"><i>La opinión de Excélsior en torno al debate</i></a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup> ("What Excélsior thinks in regards to the debate") 26 April 2006 <i>Excélsior</i>. Retrieved on 6 May 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Madrazr-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Madrazr_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/350907.html"><i>Confirma Madrazo participación en segundo debate</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071117042523/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/350907.html">Archived</a> 17 November 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> ("Madrazo Confirms Participation in Second Debate") 23 May 2006 <i>El Universal</i>. Retrieved on 2 June 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Seattle_Times-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Seattle_Times_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kabc.com/goout.asp?u=http://images.radcity.net/5147/">"Shooting adds twist to Mexican elections"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120205101813/http://www.kabc.com/goout.asp?u=http%3A%2F%2Fimages.radcity.net%2F5147%2F">Archived</a> 2012-02-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Retrieved 11 June 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ugalde, Luis Carlos ″Así lo viví. Testimonio de la elección presidencial de 2006, la más competida en la historia moderna de México.″ Debolsillo 2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061005053336/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/373240.html">"Declara TEPJF a Felipe Calderón presidente electo - El Universal - Elecciones"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/373240.html">the original</a> on 5 October 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Declara+TEPJF+a+Felipe+Calder%C3%B3n+presidente+electo+-+El+Universal+-+Elecciones&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com.mx%2Fnotas%2F373240.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060705025941/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/359521.html">"Aplaza IFE hasta el miércoles definición de elección presidencial - El Universal - Elecciones"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/359521.html">the original</a> on 5 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aplaza+IFE+hasta+el+mi%C3%A9rcoles+definici%C3%B3n+de+elecci%C3%B3n+presidencial+-+El+Universal+-+Elecciones&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com.mx%2Fnotas%2F359521.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060706052821/http://www.esmas.com/noticierostelevisa/mexico/548062.html">"Pide PAN a IFE dar resultados esta noche :: México :: esmas"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alternet.org/story/39763/?comments=view&cID=171338&pID=168952">the original</a> on 29 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esmas.com/noticierostelevisa/mexico/547829.html">the original</a> on 6 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mantiene+IFE+empate%2C+el+mi%C3%A9rcoles+resultado+final+%3A%3A+M%C3%A9xico+%3A%3A+esmas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.esmas.com%2Fnoticierostelevisa%2Fmexico%2F547829.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060717233407/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360427.html">"Registran siete estados un avance mayor a 90% en cómputo - El Universal - Elecciones"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360427.html">the original</a> on 17 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Registran+siete+estados+un+avance+mayor+a+90%25+en+c%C3%B3mputo+-+El+Universal+-+Elecciones&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com.mx%2Fnotas%2F360427.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060707191841/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360397.html">"Prevé Vázquez Mota que se revierta ventaja de AMLO en horas - El Universal - Elecciones"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360397.html">the original</a> on 7 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prev%C3%A9+V%C3%A1zquez+Mota+que+se+revierta+ventaja+de+AMLO+en+horas+-+El+Universal+-+Elecciones&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com.mx%2Fnotas%2F360397.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060717200059/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360432.html">"Justifica Ugalde atraso de conteos distritales - El Universal - Elecciones"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360432.html">the original</a> on 17 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Justifica+Ugalde+atraso+de+conteos+distritales+-+El+Universal+-+Elecciones&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com.mx%2Fnotas%2F360432.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5150440.stm">"Mexico vote result on knife-edge"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 6 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Mexico+vote+result+on+knife-edge&rft.date=2006-07-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F5150440.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060708151010/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360507.html">"Impugnará AMLO elección; convoca a mitin en el Zócalo - El Universal - Elecciones"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360507.html">the original</a> on 8 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Impugnar%C3%A1+AMLO+elecci%C3%B3n%3B+convoca+a+mitin+en+el+Z%C3%B3calo+-+El+Universal+-+Elecciones&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com.mx%2Fnotas%2F360507.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.elnorte.com/nacional/articulo/653878/">http://www.elnorte.com/nacional/articulo/653878/</a> Amagan sindicatos con resistencia civil (requires subscription)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060706063401/http://eluniversal.com.mx/noticias.html">"El Universal, el periódico de México líder en noticias y clasificados"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/noticias.html">the original</a> on 6 July 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+Universal%2C+el+peri%C3%B3dico+de+M%C3%A9xico+l%C3%ADder+en+noticias+y+clasificados&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com.mx%2Fnoticias.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120729122221/http://www.eleconomista.com.mx/articulos/2006-07-06-15296">El Economista.com.mx</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061213012254/http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2006/07/07/003n1pol.php">"Ugalde se adelanta al TEPJF y declara ganador a Felipe Calderón"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2006/07/07/003n1pol.php">the original</a> on 13 December 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ugalde+se+adelanta+al+TEPJF+y+declara+ganador+a+Felipe+Calder%C3%B3n&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jornada.unam.mx%2F2006%2F07%2F07%2F003n1pol.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/5160188.stm">EU says disputed Mexico vote fair</a> <i>BBC News</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360330.html">Encuentran actas electorales en basurero de Veracruz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060709073626/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360330.html">Archived</a> 9 July 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>El Universal</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360006.html">Hallan papelería electoral en basurero de bordo de Xochiaca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060707164312/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/360006.html">Archived</a> 7 July 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>El Universal</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.economista.com.mx/articulos/2006-07-04-15123/">Encuentran papelería electoral en basurero de Neza</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060706162617/http://www.economista.com.mx/articulos/2006-07-04-15123">Archived</a> 2006-07-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>El Economista</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Al_Giordano" title="Al Giordano">Al Giordano</a>'s <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.narconews.com/Issue42/article1967.html">Mexico election fraud series. Part 2</a>, 8 July 2006. Writing for <i><a href="/wiki/Narco_News" title="Narco News">Narco News</a>.</i> <dl><dd>See also <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.narconews.com/Issue42/article1962.html">part 1 (5 July)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.narconews.com/Issue42/article1972.html">part 3 (11 July)</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://narcosphere.narconews.com/story/2006/8/5/142225/7442">part 4 (5 August)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060815013657/http://narcosphere.narconews.com/story/2006/8/5/142225/7442">Archived</a> 2006-08-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.narconews.com/Issue42/article2010.html">part 5 (14 August)</a>.</dd></dl> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portalanterior.ine.mx/documentos/Estadisticas2006/presidente/nac.html">"Elección de Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, Cómputos distritales de las elecciones federales de 2006"</a>. IFE<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elecci%C3%B3n+de+Presidente+de+los+Estados+Unidos+Mexicanos%2C+C%C3%B3mputos+distritales+de+las+elecciones+federales+de+2006&rft.pub=IFE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fportalanterior.ine.mx%2Fdocumentos%2FEstadisticas2006%2Fpresidente%2Fnac.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601086&sid=aNsnNRANcLuE&refer=latin_america">"Lopez Obrador Plans Protest Camps to Press Recount (Update1)"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. 30 July 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Lopez+Obrador+Plans+Protest+Camps+to+Press+Recount+%28Update1%29&rft.date=2006-07-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%3Fpid%3D20601086%26sid%3DaNsnNRANcLuE%26refer%3Dlatin_america&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060822052712/http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-mexico17jul17%2C0%2C1043192.story">"Mexicans Rally in Support of Recount"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-mexico17jul17,0,1043192.story">the original</a> on 22 August 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Mexicans+Rally+in+Support+of+Recount&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fnews%2Fnationworld%2Fworld%2Fla-fg-mexico17jul17%2C0%2C1043192.story&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-opone-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-opone_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/141694.html"><i>Se opone al plantón 65% en DF</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120206165451/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/nacion/141694.html">Archived</a> 6 February 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> August 14, 2006 <i>El Universal</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://busquedas.gruporeforma.com/utilerias/imdservicios3W.DLL?JSearchformatS&file=MTY/NORTE01/00546/00546719.htm&palabra=menos%20de%2044&siteelnorte">Defienden Certeza de Proceso Electoral</a>, El Norte, August 8, 2006 (requires subscription)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jornada.unam.mx/2006/08/06/006n1pol.php">En algunos estados panistas se recontará en 35% de casillas</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090112194654/http://www.cronica.com.mx/nota.php?id_nota=254629">"Rechaza el TEPJF recuento voto por voto / 6 de Febrero de 2008"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cronica.com.mx/nota.php?id_nota=254629">the original</a> on 12 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rechaza+el+TEPJF+recuento+voto+por+voto+%2F+6+de+Febrero+de+2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cronica.com.mx%2Fnota.php%3Fid_nota%3D254629&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/28/world/americas/28cnd-mexico.html?hp&ex=1156824000&en=febdbcc5e379a14f&ei=5094&partner=homepage">"Mexican Court Rejects Election Fraud Challenges"</a>. James C. McKinley Jr., <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, 28 August 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-multiple2-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-multiple2_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scoop.epluribusmedia.org/story/2006/8/30/64611/4216">"Mexican Court Rejects Election Fraud"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928045154/http://scoop.epluribusmedia.org/story/2006/8/30/64611/4216">Archived</a> 2007-09-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>ePluribus Media</i> article, 30 August 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eumission-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eumission_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/comm/external_relations/human_rights/eu_election_ass_observ/mexico/index.htm">"The EU's Human rights and Democratisation Policy - European Union deploys Election Observation Mission to Mexico"</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-eufinrep-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-eufinrep_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/comm/external_relations/human_rights/eu_election_ass_observ/docs/2006_24_11_final_report_mexico.pdf">"European Union Election Observation Mission Mexico 2006 Final Report"</a>. 23 November 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-herald22095-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-herald22095_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/miami/22095.html">"EU team slams high costs"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070131110717/http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/miami/22095.html">Archived</a> 2007-01-31 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Herald_Mexico" title="The Herald Mexico">The Herald Mexico</a></i>, 24 November 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAleman2016" class="citation web cs1">Aleman, Vanessa (December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.excelsior.com.mx/nacional/2016/12/01/1131504">"10 años de la investidura relámpago; Calderón juró entre reclamos"</a>. <i>Excelsior</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Excelsior&rft.atitle=10+a%C3%B1os+de+la+investidura+rel%C3%A1mpago%3B+Calder%C3%B3n+jur%C3%B3+entre+reclamos&rft.date=2016-12&rft.aulast=Aleman&rft.aufirst=Vanessa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.excelsior.com.mx%2Fnacional%2F2016%2F12%2F01%2F1131504&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ugalde, Luis Carlos. "Así lo viví. Testimonio de la elección presidencial de 2006, la más competida en la historia moderna de México". Debolsillo 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaballero" class="citation web cs1">Caballero, Jorge. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jornada.com.mx/2007/11/18/index.php?section=espectaculos&article=a08n1esp">"Pese a las hostilidades, Fraude: México 2006, la más taquillera - la Jornada"</a>. <i>jornada.com.mx</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=jornada.com.mx&rft.atitle=Pese+a+las+hostilidades%2C+Fraude%3A+M%C3%A9xico+2006%2C+la+m%C3%A1s+taquillera+-+la+Jornada&rft.aulast=Caballero&rft.aufirst=Jorge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jornada.com.mx%2F2007%2F11%2F18%2Findex.php%3Fsection%3Despectaculos%26article%3Da08n1esp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/elpais/2011/07/04/media/1309745410_720215.html">"Encuesta sobre Felipe Calderón y Elba Esther Gordillo"</a>. <i>El País</i>. El Pais. 4 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs&rft.atitle=Encuesta+sobre+Felipe+Calder%C3%B3n+y+Elba+Esther+Gordillo&rft.date=2011-07-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Felpais%2F2011%2F07%2F04%2Fmedia%2F1309745410_720215.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181006000805/https://www.proceso.com.mx/479698/calderon-borracho-asesino-le-robo-la-presidencia-a-amlo-moreira">"Calderón, "borracho" y "asesino"; le robó la presidencia a AMLO: Moreira"</a>. <i>proceso.com.mx</i>. Proceso. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proceso.com.mx/479698/calderon-borracho-asesino-le-robo-la-presidencia-a-amlo-moreira">the original</a> on 6 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=proceso.com.mx&rft.atitle=Calder%C3%B3n%2C+%22borracho%22+y+%22asesino%22%3B+le+rob%C3%B3+la+presidencia+a+AMLO%3A+Moreira&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proceso.com.mx%2F479698%2Fcalderon-borracho-asesino-le-robo-la-presidencia-a-amlo-moreira&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPerez_Marin2018" class="citation web cs1">Perez Marin, Leobardo (4 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/estados/amlo-gano-en-2006-roberto-madrazo">"AMLO ganó en 2006: Roberto Madrazo"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AMLO+gan%C3%B3+en+2006%3A+Roberto+Madrazo&rft.date=2018-10-04&rft.aulast=Perez+Marin&rft.aufirst=Leobardo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eluniversal.com.mx%2Festados%2Famlo-gano-en-2006-roberto-madrazo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:13-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:13_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyer,_Michael_C.2014" class="citation book cs1">Meyer, Michael C. (2014). <i>The course of Mexican history</i>. Sherman, William L.,, Deeds, Susan M. (Tenth ed.). New York. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199913817" title="Special:BookSources/9780199913817"><bdi>9780199913817</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/865717332">865717332</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+course+of+Mexican+history&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=Tenth&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F865717332&rft.isbn=9780199913817&rft.au=Meyer%2C+Michael+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2006+Mexican+general+election" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.socialistworker.org/2006-2/594/594_04_Mexico.shtml">What's at stake in Mexico's election?</a> Socialist Worker</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://prep.eluniversal.com.mx/">Preliminary election results</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060705040432/http://prep.eluniversal.com.mx/">Archived</a> 5 July 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, this is a constantly updated count of actual ballots as they are tallied into the electoral system. Not a survey, these are actual results.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://coha.org/">Opinion pieces on the election</a> Link to the Council on Hemispheric Affairs, a think tank that has covered the 2006 presidential elections from Mexico.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cepr.net/publications/mexico_recount_2006_08.pdf">An Analysis of Mexico's Recounted Ballots</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060927065030/http://www.cepr.net/publications/mexico_recount_2006_08.pdf">Archived</a> 2006-09-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Issue Brief by the Center for Economic and Policy Research, August 2006.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/polisci/research/mexico06">Mexico 2006 Panel Study</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="/wiki/1876_Mexican_general_election" title="1876 Mexican general election">1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1877_Mexican_presidential_election" title="1877 Mexican presidential election">1877</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Mexican_general_election" title="1880 Mexican general election">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Mexican_general_election" title="1884 Mexican general election">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Mexican_general_election" title="1888 Mexican general election">1888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Mexican_general_election" title="1892 Mexican general election">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Mexican_general_election" title="1896 Mexican general election">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_Mexican_general_election" title="1900 Mexican general election">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Mexican_general_election" title="1904 Mexican general election">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1910_Mexican_general_election" title="1910 Mexican general election">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1911_Mexican_general_election" title="1911 Mexican general election">1911</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Mexican_general_election" title="1917 Mexican general election">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Mexican_general_election" title="1920 Mexican general election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Mexican_general_election" title="1924 Mexican general election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Mexican_general_election" title="1928 Mexican general election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1929_Mexican_presidential_election" title="1929 Mexican presidential election">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Mexican_general_election" title="1934 Mexican general election">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Mexican_general_election" title="1940 Mexican general election">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Mexican_general_election" title="1946 Mexican general election">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Mexican_general_election" title="1952 Mexican general election">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Mexican_general_election" title="1958 Mexican general election">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Mexican_general_election" title="1964 Mexican general election">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Mexican_general_election" title="1970 Mexican general election">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Mexican_general_election" title="1976 Mexican general election">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Mexican_general_election" title="1982 Mexican general election">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Mexican_general_election" title="1988 Mexican general election">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Mexican_general_election" title="1994 Mexican general election">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Mexican_general_election" title="2000 Mexican general election">2000</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Mexican_general_election" title="2012 Mexican general election">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Mexican_general_election" title="2018 Mexican general election">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Mexican_general_election" title="2024 Mexican general election">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Congress of Mexico">Legislative elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1824_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1824 Mexican general election (page does not exist)">1824</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1828_Mexican_general_election" title="1828 Mexican general election">1828</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1833_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1833 Mexican general election (page does not exist)">1833</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1837_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1837 Mexican general election (page does not exist)">1837</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1842_Mexican_Constituent_Assembly_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1842 Mexican Constituent Assembly election (page does not exist)">1842</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1848_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1848 Mexican general election (page does not exist)">1848</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1850_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1850 Mexican general election (page does not exist)">1850</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1853_Mexican_general_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1853 Mexican general election (page does not exist)">1853</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1857_Mexican_general_election" title="1857 Mexican general election">1857</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1861_Mexican_general_election" title="1861 Mexican general election">1861</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Mexican_general_election" title="1867 Mexican general election">1867</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1871_Mexican_general_election" title="1871 Mexican general election">1871</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1876_Mexican_general_election" title="1876 Mexican general election">1876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1880_Mexican_general_election" title="1880 Mexican general election">1880</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1884_Mexican_general_election" title="1884 Mexican general election">1884</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1888_Mexican_general_election" title="1888 Mexican general election">1888</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1892_Mexican_general_election" title="1892 Mexican general election">1892</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1896_Mexican_general_election" title="1896 Mexican general election">1896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1900_Mexican_general_election" title="1900 Mexican general election">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_Mexican_general_election" title="1904 Mexican general election">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1910_Mexican_general_election" title="1910 Mexican general election">1910</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1912_Mexican_legislative_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1912 Mexican legislative election (page does not exist)">1912</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917_Mexican_general_election" title="1917 Mexican general election">1917</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1920_Mexican_general_election" title="1920 Mexican general election">1920</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1924_Mexican_general_election" title="1924 Mexican general election">1924</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1928_Mexican_general_election" title="1928 Mexican general election">1928</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Mexican_general_election" title="1934 Mexican general election">1934</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1937_Mexican_legislative_election&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1937 Mexican legislative election (page does not exist)">1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1940_Mexican_general_election" title="1940 Mexican general election">1940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Mexican_legislative_election" title="1943 Mexican legislative election">1943</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1946_Mexican_general_election" title="1946 Mexican general election">1946</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1949_Mexican_legislative_election" title="1949 Mexican legislative election">1949</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Mexican_general_election" title="1952 Mexican general election">1952</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1955_Mexican_legislative_election" title="1955 Mexican legislative election">1955</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958_Mexican_general_election" title="1958 Mexican general election">1958</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961_Mexican_legislative_election" title="1961 Mexican legislative election">1961</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964_Mexican_general_election" title="1964 Mexican general election">1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Mexican_legislative_election" title="1967 Mexican legislative election">1967</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Mexican_general_election" title="1970 Mexican general election">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Mexican_legislative_election" title="1973 Mexican legislative election">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1976_Mexican_general_election" title="1976 Mexican general election">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979_Mexican_legislative_election" title="1979 Mexican legislative election">1979</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Mexican_general_election" title="1982 Mexican general election">1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1985_Mexican_legislative_election" title="1985 Mexican legislative election">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Mexican_general_election" title="1988 Mexican general election">1988</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Mexican_legislative_election" title="1991 Mexican legislative election">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Mexican_general_election" title="1994 Mexican general election">1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Mexican_legislative_election" title="1997 Mexican legislative election">1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Mexican_general_election" title="2000 Mexican general election">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Mexican_legislative_election" title="2003 Mexican legislative election">2003</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Mexican_legislative_election" title="2009 Mexican legislative election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Mexican_general_election" title="2012 Mexican general election">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Mexican_legislative_election" title="2015 Mexican legislative election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Mexican_general_election" title="2018 Mexican general election">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Mexican_legislative_election" title="2021 Mexican legislative election">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Mexican_general_election" title="2024 Mexican general election">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Mexico" title="Administrative divisions of Mexico">State elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2000 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2001_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2001 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2002_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2002 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Mexican_elections" title="2003 Mexican elections">2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Mexican_elections" title="2004 Mexican elections">2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Mexican_elections" title="2005 Mexican elections">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Mexican_elections#Local_elections" title="2006 Mexican elections">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Mexican_elections#Local_elections" title="2007 Mexican elections">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Mexican_elections#Local_elections" title="2008 Mexican elections">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Mexican_elections#Local_elections" title="2009 Mexican elections">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Mexican_gubernatorial_elections" title="2010 Mexican gubernatorial elections">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2011 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2012_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2012 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Mexican_state_elections" title="2013 Mexican state elections">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2014_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2014 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2015_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2015 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2016_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2016 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2017_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2017 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2017</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2018_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2018 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2019_Mexican_state_elections&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2019 Mexican state elections (page does not exist)">2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Mexican_local_elections" title="2020 Mexican local elections">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Mexican_local_elections" title="2021 Mexican local elections">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Mexican_local_elections" title="2022 Mexican local elections">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Mexican_local_elections" title="2023 Mexican local elections">2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Mexican_local_elections" title="2024 Mexican local elections">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Referendums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1854_Mexican_presidential_referendum" title="1854 Mexican presidential referendum">1854</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1863_Mexican_emperor_referendum" title="1863 Mexican emperor referendum">1863</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1867_Mexican_constitutional_referendum" title="1867 Mexican constitutional referendum">1867</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1995_Mexican_referendums" title="1995 Mexican referendums">1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Mexican_Fobaproa_funds_referendum" title="1998 Mexican Fobaproa funds referendum">1998</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Mexican_referendums" title="1999 Mexican referendums">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Mexican_corruption_trial_referendum" title="2021 Mexican corruption trial referendum">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Mexican_presidential_recall_referendum" title="2022 Mexican presidential recall referendum">2022</a></li></ul> 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