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factor</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Consistency factor"> <meta name="keywords" content="Consistency factor"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Consistency factor"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5753</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Consistency factor</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5753</span> Estimation of Subgrade Resilient Modulus from Soil Index Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdi%20M.%20E.%20Zumrawi">Magdi M. E. Zumrawi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Awad"> Mohamed Awad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Determination of Resilient Modulus (M<sub>R</sub>) is quite important for characterizing materials in pavement design and evaluation. The main focus of this study is to develop a correlation that predict the resilient modulus of subgrade soils from simple and easy measured soil index properties. To achieve this objective, three subgrade soils representing typical Khartoum soils were selected and tested in the laboratory for measuring resilient modulus. Other basic laboratory tests were conducted on the soils to determine their physical properties. Several soil samples were prepared and compacted at different moisture contents and dry densities and then tested using resilient modulus testing machine. Based on experimental results, linear relationship of M<sub>R</sub> with the consistency factor ‘F<sub>c</sub>’ which is a combination of dry density, void ratio and consistency index had been developed. The results revealed that very good linear relationship found between the M<sub>R</sub> and the consistency factor with a coefficient of linearity (R<sup>2</sup>) more than 0.9. The consistency factor could be used for the prediction of the M<sub>R</sub> of compacted subgrade soils with precise and reliable results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Consistency%20factor" title="Consistency factor">Consistency factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilient%20modulus" title=" resilient modulus"> resilient modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subgrade%20soil" title=" subgrade soil"> subgrade soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=properties" title=" properties"> properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79877/estimation-of-subgrade-resilient-modulus-from-soil-index-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79877.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">193</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5752</span> Variation of Quality of Roller-Compacted Concrete Based on Consistency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Chhorn">C. Chhorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Han"> S. H. Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20W.%20Lee"> S. W. Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Roller-compacted concrete (RCC) has been used for decades in many pavement applications due to its economic cost and high construction speed. However, due to the lack of deep researches and experiences, this material has not been widely employed. An RCC mixture with appropriate consistency can induce high compacted density, while high density can induce good aggregate interlock and high strength. Consistency of RCC is mainly known to define its constructability. However, it was not well specified how this property may affect other properties of a constructed RCC pavement (RCCP). This study suggested the possibility of an ideal range of consistency that may provide adequate quality of RCCP. In this research, five sections of RCCP consisted of both 13 mm and 19 mm aggregate sections were investigated. The effects of consistency on compacted depth, strength, international roughness index (IRI), skid resistance are examined. From this study, a new range of consistency is suggested for RCCP application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compacted%20depth" title="compacted depth">compacted depth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consistency" title=" consistency"> consistency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20roughness%20index%20%28IRI%29" title=" international roughness index (IRI)"> international roughness index (IRI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pavement" title=" pavement"> pavement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roller-compacted%20concrete%20%28RCC%29" title=" roller-compacted concrete (RCC)"> roller-compacted concrete (RCC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skid%20resistance" title=" skid resistance"> skid resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength" title=" strength"> strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65365/variation-of-quality-of-roller-compacted-concrete-based-on-consistency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5751</span> Behavior Consistency Analysis for Workflow Nets Based on Branching Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Mimi">Wang Mimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiang%20Changjun"> Jiang Changjun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liu%20Guanjun"> Liu Guanjun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fang%20Xianwen"> Fang Xianwen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Loop structure often appears in the business process modeling, analyzing the consistency of corresponding workflow net models containing loop structure is a problem, the existing behavior consistency methods cannot analyze effectively the process models with the loop structure. In the paper, by analyzing five kinds of behavior relations of transitions, a three-dimensional figure and two-dimensional behavior relation matrix are proposed. Based on this, analysis method of behavior consistency of business process based on Petri net branching processes is proposed. Finally, an example is given out, which shows the method is effective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workflow%20net" title="workflow net">workflow net</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior%20consistency%20measures" title=" behavior consistency measures"> behavior consistency measures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loop" title=" loop"> loop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=branching%20process" title=" branching process"> branching process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41518/behavior-consistency-analysis-for-workflow-nets-based-on-branching-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5750</span> Selecting Graduates for the Interns’ Award by Using Multisource Feedback Process: Does It Work?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kathryn%20Strachan">Kathryn Strachan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameer%20Otoom"> Sameer Otoom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20AL-Gallaf"> Amal AL-Gallaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Al%20Ansari"> Ahmed Al Ansari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Introducing a reliable method to select graduates for an award in higher education can be challenging but is not impossible. Multisource feedback (MSF) is a popular assessment tool that relies on evaluations of different groups of people, including physicians and non-physicians. It is useful for assessing several domains, including professionalism, communication and collaboration and may be useful for selecting the best interns to receive a University award. Methods: 16 graduates responded to an invitation to participate in the student award, which was conducted by the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland-Bahrain Medical University of Bahrain (RCSI Bahrain) using the MSF process. Five individuals from the following categories rated each participant: physicians, nurses, and fellow students. RCSI Bahrain graduates were assessed in the following domains; professionalism, communication, and collaboration. Mean and standard deviation were calculated and the award was given to the graduate who scored the highest among his/her colleagues. Cronbach’s coefficient was used to determine the questionnaire’s internal consistency and reliability. Factor analysis was conducted to examine for the construct validity. Results: 16 graduates participated in the RCSI-Bahrain interns’ award based on the MSF process, giving us a 16.5% response rate. The instrument was found to be suitable for factor analysis and showed 3 factor solutions representing 79.3% of the total variance. Reliability analysis using Cronbach’s α reliability of internal consistency indicated that the full scale of the instrument had high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α 0.98). Conclusion: This study found the MSF process to be reliable and valid for selecting the best graduates for the interns’ awards. However, the low response rates may suggest that the process is not feasible for allowing the majority of the students to participate in the selection process. Further research studies may be required to support the feasibility of the MSF process in selecting graduates for the university award. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSF" title="MSF">MSF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RCSI" title=" RCSI"> RCSI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validity" title=" validity"> validity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bahrain" title=" Bahrain"> Bahrain</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40800/selecting-graduates-for-the-interns-award-by-using-multisource-feedback-process-does-it-work" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5749</span> Development and Validation of the Dimensional Social Anxiety Scale: Assessment for the Offensive Type of Social Anxiety</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryotaro%20Ishikawa">Ryotaro Ishikawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is marked by the persistent fear of social or performance situations in which embarrassment may occur. In contrast, SA in Japan and in China is understood differently. Taijin Kyofusho (TKS) is a culture-bound subtype of SAD which has been the focus of recent research. TKS refers to a unique form of SAD found in Japanese and East Asian cultures characterized by a fear of offending others, in contrast to prototypical SAD in which the source of fear is typically concerned about one’s own embarrassment, humiliation, or rejection by others. Criteria for TKS partially overlap with but are distinct from SAD; a primary factor distinguishing TKS from SAD appears to be individualistic versus interdependent or collectivistic self-construals. The aim of this study was to develop a scale to assess the typical SAD and offensive type of SAD (TKS). This study aimed to test the internal consistency and validity of the scale (Dimensional Social Anxiety Scale: DSAS) using university students sample. For this, 148 university students were enrolled (male=90, female=58, age=19.77, Standard Deviation=1.04). As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, three-factor models of DSAS were verified (χ2(74) =128.36). These three factors were named ‘general’, ‘perfomance’, and ‘offensive’. DSAS were significantly correlated with the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (r = .538, p < .001). Good internal consistencies were indicated on the three subscales (α = .76 to 89). In conclusion, this study indicated DSAS has adequate internal consistency and validity for assessing of multi-type of SADs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20anxiety" title="social anxiety">social anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20theory" title=" cognitive theory"> cognitive theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety%20disorder" title=" anxiety disorder"> anxiety disorder</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110013/development-and-validation-of-the-dimensional-social-anxiety-scale-assessment-for-the-offensive-type-of-social-anxiety" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5748</span> Effect of Poly Naphthalene Sulfonate Superplasticizer on Constructibility of Roller-Compacted Concrete Pavement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chamroeun%20Chhorn">Chamroeun Chhorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seong%20Jae%20Hong"> Seong Jae Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoon-Ho%20Cho"> Yoon-Ho Cho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun%20Jong%20Lee"> Hyun Jong Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Woo%20Lee"> Seung Woo Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of Roller-Compacted Concrete Pavement (RCCP) in public and private applications has been increasing steadily in the past few decades due to its cost saving. This eco-concrete pavement shares construction characteristics from asphalt pavement and material characteristics from the conventional concrete pavement. Due to its low binder and water content, the consistency of Roller-Compacted Concrete (RCC) is typically very stiff. Thus, it is crucial to control the consistency of this concrete. Without appropriate consistency, required density may not be achieved in actual construction for RCCP. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect on Poly Naphtalene Sulfonate (PNS) superplasticizer on the consistency of RCC as well as its compactibility in actual construction. From this study, it was found that PNS superplasticizer can effectively reduce the stiffness of an RCC mixture and maintain it for a sufficient amount of time without compromising its strength properties. Moreover, it was observed from field test specimens that the use of this admixture can also improve the compaction efficiency throughout the whole depth of pavement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roller-compacted%20concrete" title="roller-compacted concrete">roller-compacted concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consistency" title=" consistency"> consistency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compactibility" title=" compactibility"> compactibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poly%20naphthalene%20sulfonate%20superplasticizer" title=" poly naphthalene sulfonate superplasticizer"> poly naphthalene sulfonate superplasticizer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54668/effect-of-poly-naphthalene-sulfonate-superplasticizer-on-constructibility-of-roller-compacted-concrete-pavement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54668.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5747</span> The Employees' Classification Method in the Space of Their Job Satisfaction, Loyalty and Involvement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetlana%20Ignatjeva">Svetlana Ignatjeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jelena%20Slesareva"> Jelena Slesareva </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the study is development and adaptation of the method to analyze and quantify the indicators characterizing the relationship between a company and its employees. Diagnostics of such indicators is one of the most complex and actual issues in psychology of labour. The offered method is based on the questionnaire; its indicators reflect cognitive, affective and connotative components of socio-psychological attitude of employees to be as efficient as possible in their professional activities. This approach allows measure not only the selected factors but also such parameters as cognitive and behavioural dissonances. Adaptation of the questionnaire includes factor structure analysis and suitability analysis of phenomena indicators measured in terms of internal consistency of individual factors. Structural validity of the questionnaire was tested by exploratory factor analysis. Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis. Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization. Factor analysis allows reduce dimension of the phenomena moving from the indicators to aggregative indexes and latent variables. Aggregative indexes are obtained as the sum of relevant indicators followed by standardization. The coefficient Cronbach's Alpha was used to assess the reliability-consistency of the questionnaire items. The two-step cluster analysis in the space of allocated factors allows classify employees according to their attitude to work in the company. The results of psychometric testing indicate possibility of using the developed technique for the analysis of employees’ attitude towards their work in companies and development of recommendations on their optimization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=involved%20in%20the%20organization" title="involved in the organization">involved in the organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loyalty" title=" loyalty"> loyalty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizations" title=" organizations"> organizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=method" title=" method"> method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46549/the-employees-classification-method-in-the-space-of-their-job-satisfaction-loyalty-and-involvement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46549.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5746</span> Psychometric Properties of the Secondary School Stressor Questionnaire among Adolescents at Five Secondary Schools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Saiful%20Bahri%20Yusoff">Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to evaluate the construct, convergent, and discriminant validity of the Secondary School Stressor Questionnaire (3SQ) as well as to evaluate its internal consistency among adolescents in Malaysian secondary schools. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 700 secondary school students in five secondary schools. Stratified random sampling was used to select schools and participants. The confirmatory factor analysis was performed by AMOS to examine construct, convergent, and discriminant validity. The reliability analysis was performed by SPSS to determine internal consistency. The results showed that the original six-factor model with 44 items failed to achieve acceptable values of the goodness of fit indices, suggesting poor model fit. The new five-factor model of 3SQ with 22 items demonstrated acceptable level of goodness of fit indices to signify a model fit. The overall Cronbach’s alpha value for the new version 3SQ was 0.93, while the five constructs ranged from 0.68 to 0.94. The composite reliability values of each construct ranged between 0.68 and 0.93, indicating satisfactory to high level of convergent validity. Our study did not support the construct validity of the original version of 3SQ. We found the new version 3SQ showed more convincing evidence of validity and reliability to measure stressors of adolescents. Continued research is needed to verify and maximize the psychometric credentials of 3SQ across countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stressors" title="stressors">stressors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title=" adolescents"> adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20school%20students" title=" secondary school students"> secondary school students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3SQ" title=" 3SQ"> 3SQ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychometric%20properties" title=" psychometric properties"> psychometric properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5194/psychometric-properties-of-the-secondary-school-stressor-questionnaire-among-adolescents-at-five-secondary-schools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5745</span> A Study on the Iterative Scheme for Stratified Shields Gamma Ray Buildup Factor Using Layer-Splitting Technique in Double-Layer Shield</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sari%20F.%20Alkhatib">Sari F. Alkhatib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Je%20Park"> Chang Je Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyuhong%20Roh"> Gyuhong Roh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daeseong%20Jo"> Daeseong Jo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The iterative scheme which is used to treat buildup factors for stratified shields of three-layers or more is being investigated here using the layer-splitting technique. The second layer in a double-layer shield was split into two equivalent layers and the scheme was implemented on the new 'three-layer' shield configuration. The results of such manipulation for water-lead and water-iron shields combinations are presented here for 1 MeV photons. It was found that splitting the second layer introduces some deviation on the overall buildup factor. This expected deviation appeared to be higher in the case of low Z layer followed by high Z. However, the iterative scheme showed a great consistency and strong coherence with the introduced changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=build-up%20factor" title="build-up factor">build-up factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=iterative%20scheme" title=" iterative scheme"> iterative scheme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stratified%20shields" title=" stratified shields"> stratified shields</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title=" radiation protection"> radiation protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8373/a-study-on-the-iterative-scheme-for-stratified-shields-gamma-ray-buildup-factor-using-layer-splitting-technique-in-double-layer-shield" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">576</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5744</span> Designing a Cricket Team Selection Method Using Super-Efficient DEA and Semi Variance Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnab%20Adhikari">Arnab Adhikari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adrija%20Majumdar"> Adrija Majumdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaurav%20Gupta"> Gaurav Gupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnab%20Bisi"> Arnab Bisi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Team formation plays an instrumental role in the sports like cricket. Existing literature reveals that most of the works on player selection focus only on the players’ efficiency and ignore the consistency. It motivates us to design an improved player selection method based on both player’s efficiency and consistency. To measure the players’ efficiency measurement, we employ a modified data envelopment analysis (DEA) technique namely ‘super-efficient DEA model’. We design a modified consistency index based on semi variance approach. Here, we introduce a new parameter called ‘fitness index’ for consistency computation to assess a player’s fitness level. Finally, we devise a single performance score using both efficiency score and consistency score with the help of a linear programming model. To test the robustness of our method, we perform a rigorous numerical analysis to determine the all-time best One Day International (ODI) Cricket XI. Next, we conduct extensive comparative studies regarding efficiency scores, consistency scores, selected team between the existing methods and the proposed method and explain the rationale behind the improvement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20support%20systems" title="decision support systems">decision support systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports" title=" sports"> sports</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super-efficient%20data%20envelopment%20analysis" title=" super-efficient data envelopment analysis"> super-efficient data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semi%20variance%20approach" title=" semi variance approach"> semi variance approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41756/designing-a-cricket-team-selection-method-using-super-efficient-dea-and-semi-variance-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41756.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5743</span> A Validation Technique for Integrated Ontologies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neli%20P.%20Zlatareva">Neli P. Zlatareva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ontology validation is an important part of web applications’ development, where knowledge integration and ontological reasoning play a fundamental role. It aims to ensure the consistency and correctness of ontological knowledge and to guarantee that ontological reasoning is carried out in a meaningful way. Existing approaches to ontology validation address more or less specific validation issues, but the overall process of validating web ontologies has not been formally established yet. As the size and the number of web ontologies continue to grow, the necessity to validate and ensure their consistency and interoperability is becoming increasingly important. This paper presents a validation technique intended to test the consistency of independent ontologies utilized by a common application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20engineering" title="knowledge engineering">knowledge engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ontological%20reasoning" title=" ontological reasoning"> ontological reasoning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ontology%20validation" title=" ontology validation"> ontology validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semantic%20web" title=" semantic web"> semantic web</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26959/a-validation-technique-for-integrated-ontologies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5742</span> Exploratory Factor Analysis of Natural Disaster Preparedness Awareness of Thai Citizens </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaiyaset%20Promsri">Chaiyaset Promsri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the synthesis of related literatures, this research found thirteen related dimensions that involved the development of natural disaster preparedness awareness including hazard knowledge, hazard attitude, training for disaster preparedness, rehearsal and practice for disaster preparedness, cultural development for preparedness, public relations and communication, storytelling, disaster awareness game, simulation, past experience to natural disaster, information sharing with family members, and commitment to the community (time of living). The 40-item of natural disaster preparedness awareness questionnaire was developed based on these thirteen dimensions. Data were collected from 595 participants in Bangkok metropolitan and vicinity. Cronbach's alpha was used to examine the internal consistency for this instrument. Reliability coefficient was 97, which was highly acceptable. Exploratory Factor Analysis where principal axis factor analysis was employed. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index of sampling adequacy was .973, indicating that the data represented a homogeneous collection of variables suitable for factor analysis. Bartlett's test of Sphericity was significant for the sample as Chi-Square = 23168.657, df = 780, and p-value < .0001, which indicated that the set of correlations in the correlation matrix was significantly different and acceptable for utilizing EFA. Factor extraction was done to determine the number of factors by using principal component analysis and varimax. The result revealed that four factors had Eigen value greater than 1 with more than 60% cumulative of variance. Factor #1 had Eigen value of 22.270, and factor loadings ranged from 0.626-0.760. This factor was named as "Knowledge and Attitude of Natural Disaster Preparedness". Factor #2 had Eigen value of 2.491, and factor loadings ranged from 0.596-0.696. This factor was named as "Training and Development". Factor #3 had Eigen value of 1.821, and factor loadings ranged from 0.643-0.777. This factor was named as "Building Experiences about Disaster Preparedness". Factor #4 had Eigen value of 1.365, and factor loadings ranged from 0.657-0.760. This was named as "Family and Community". The results of this study provided support for the reliability and construct validity of natural disaster preparedness awareness for utilizing with populations similar to sample employed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20disaster" title="natural disaster">natural disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20preparedness" title=" disaster preparedness"> disaster preparedness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20awareness" title=" disaster awareness"> disaster awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai%20citizens" title=" Thai citizens "> Thai citizens </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18598/exploratory-factor-analysis-of-natural-disaster-preparedness-awareness-of-thai-citizens" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18598.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5741</span> A Constitutive Model for Time-Dependent Behavior of Clay</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20N.%20Mac">T. N. Mac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Shahbodaghkhan"> B. Shahbodaghkhan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Khalili"> N. Khalili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new elastic-viscoplastic (EVP) constitutive model is proposed for the analysis of time-dependent behavior of clay. The proposed model is based on the bounding surface plasticity and the concept of viscoplastic consistency framework to establish continuous transition from plasticity to rate dependent viscoplasticity. Unlike the overstress based models, this model will meet the consistency condition in formulating the constitutive equation for EVP model. The procedure of deriving the constitutive relationship is also presented. Simulation results and comparisons with experimental data are then presented to demonstrate the performance of the model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bounding%20surface" title="bounding surface">bounding surface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consistency%20theory" title=" consistency theory"> consistency theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constitutive%20model" title=" constitutive model"> constitutive model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9523/a-constitutive-model-for-time-dependent-behavior-of-clay" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9523.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5740</span> Comparative Operating Speed and Speed Differential Day and Night Time Models for Two Lane Rural Highways</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinayak%20Malaghan">Vinayak Malaghan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Digvijay%20Pawar"> Digvijay Pawar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Speed is the independent parameter which plays a vital role in the highway design. Design consistency of the highways is checked based on the variation in the operating speed. Often the design consistency fails to meet the driver’s expectation which results in the difference between operating and design speed. Literature reviews have shown that significant crashes take place in horizontal curves due to lack of design consistency. The paper focuses on continuous speed profile study on tangent to curve transition for both day and night daytime. Data is collected using GPS device which gives continuous speed profile and other parameters such as acceleration, deceleration were analyzed along with Tangent to Curve Transition. In this present study, models were developed to predict operating speed on tangents and horizontal curves as well as model indicating the speed reduction from tangent to curve based on continuous speed profile data. It is observed from the study that vehicle tends to decelerate from approach tangent to between beginning of the curve and midpoint of the curve and then accelerates from curve to tangent transition. The models generated were compared for both day and night and can be used in the road safety improvement by evaluating the geometric design consistency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20speed" title="operating speed">operating speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20consistency" title=" design consistency"> design consistency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20speed%20profile%20data" title=" continuous speed profile data"> continuous speed profile data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=day%20and%20night%20time" title=" day and night time"> day and night time</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81501/comparative-operating-speed-and-speed-differential-day-and-night-time-models-for-two-lane-rural-highways" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81501.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5739</span> Modelling Consistency and Change of Social Attitudes in 7 Years of Longitudinal Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Campbell">Paul Campbell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicholas%20Biddle"> Nicholas Biddle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a complex, endogenous relationship between individual circumstances, attitudes, and behaviour. This study uses longitudinal panel data to assess changes in social and political attitudes over a 7-year period. Attitudes are captured with the question 'what is the most important issue facing Australia today', collected at multiple time points in a longitudinal survey of 2200 Australians. Consistency of attitudes, and factors predicting change over time, are assessed. The consistency of responses has methodological implications for data collection, specifically how often such questions ought to be asked of a population. When change in attitude is observed, this study assesses the extent to which individual demographic characteristics, personality traits, and broader societal events predict change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitudes" title="attitudes">attitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=longitudinal%20survey%20analysis" title=" longitudinal survey analysis"> longitudinal survey analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality" title=" personality"> personality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20values" title=" social values"> social values</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115698/modelling-consistency-and-change-of-social-attitudes-in-7-years-of-longitudinal-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5738</span> Exhaustive Study of Essential Constraint Satisfaction Problem Techniques Based on N-Queens Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Ahsan%20Ayub">Md. Ahsan Ayub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kazi%20A.%20Kalpoma"> Kazi A. Kalpoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Humaira%20Tasnim%20Proma"> Humaira Tasnim Proma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syed%20Mehrab%20Kabir"> Syed Mehrab Kabir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rakib%20Ibna%20Hamid%20Chowdhury"> Rakib Ibna Hamid Chowdhury</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) is observed in various applications, i.e., scheduling problems, timetabling problems, assignment problems, etc. Researchers adopt a CSP technique to tackle a certain problem; however, each technique follows different approaches and ways to solve a problem network. In our exhaustive study, it has been possible to visualize the processes of essential CSP algorithms from a very concrete constraint satisfaction example, NQueens Problem, in order to possess a deep understanding about how a particular constraint satisfaction problem will be dealt with by our studied and implemented techniques. Besides, benchmark results - time vs. value of N in N-Queens - have been generated from our implemented approaches, which help understand at what factor each algorithm produces solutions; especially, in N-Queens puzzle. Thus, extended decisions can be made to instantiate a real life problem within CSP’s framework. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arc%20consistency%20%28AC%29" title="arc consistency (AC)">arc consistency (AC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backjumping%20algorithm%20%28BJ%29" title=" backjumping algorithm (BJ)"> backjumping algorithm (BJ)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=backtracking%20algorithm%20%28BT%29" title=" backtracking algorithm (BT)"> backtracking algorithm (BT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constraint%20satisfaction%20problem%20%28CSP%29" title=" constraint satisfaction problem (CSP)"> constraint satisfaction problem (CSP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forward%20checking%20%28FC%29" title=" forward checking (FC)"> forward checking (FC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=least%20constrained%20values%20%28LCV%29" title=" least constrained values (LCV)"> least constrained values (LCV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintaining%20arc%20consistency%20%28MAC%29" title=" maintaining arc consistency (MAC)"> maintaining arc consistency (MAC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20remaining%20values%20%28MRV%29" title=" minimum remaining values (MRV)"> minimum remaining values (MRV)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N-Queens%20problem" title=" N-Queens problem"> N-Queens problem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69933/exhaustive-study-of-essential-constraint-satisfaction-problem-techniques-based-on-n-queens-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69933.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5737</span> Psychometric Properties of the Social Skills Rating System: Teacher Version </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amani%20Kappi">Amani Kappi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Maria%20Linares"> Ana Maria Linares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gia%20Mudd-Martin"> Gia Mudd-Martin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are more likely to develop social skills deficits that can lead to academic underachievement, peer rejection, and maladjustment. Surveying teachers about children's social skills with ADHD will become a significant factor in identifying whether the children will be diagnosed with social skills deficits. The teacher-specific version of the Social Skills Rating System scale (SSRS-T) has been used as a screening tool for children's social behaviors. The psychometric properties of the SSRS-T have been evaluated in various populations and settings, such as when used by teachers to assess social skills for children with learning disabilities. However, few studies have been conducted to examine the psychometric properties of the SSRS-T when used to assess children with ADHD. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the SSRS-T and two SSRS-T subscales, Social Skills and Problem Behaviors. This was a secondary analysis of longitudinal data from the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study. This study included a sample of 194 teachers who used the SSRS-T to assess the social skills of children aged 8 to 10 years with ADHD. Exploratory principal components factor analysis was used to assess the construct validity of the SSRS-T scale. Cronbach’s alpha value was used to assess the internal consistency reliability of the total SSRS-T scale and the subscales. Item analyses included item-item intercorrelations, item-to-subscale correlations, and Cronbach’s alpha value changes with item deletion. The results of internal consistency reliability for both the total scale and subscales were acceptable. The results of the exploratory factor analysis supported the five factors of SSRS-T (Cooperation, Self-control, Assertion, Internalize behaviors, and Externalize behaviors) reported in the original version. Findings indicated that SSRS-T is a reliable and valid tool for assessing the social behaviors of children with ADHD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ADHD" title="ADHD">ADHD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20skills" title=" social skills"> social skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSRS-T" title=" SSRS-T"> SSRS-T</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychometric%20properties" title=" psychometric properties"> psychometric properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130913/psychometric-properties-of-the-social-skills-rating-system-teacher-version" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130913.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5736</span> Building an Arithmetic Model to Assess Visual Consistency in Townscape</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dheyaa%20Hussein">Dheyaa Hussein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Armstrong"> Peter Armstrong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The phenomenon of visual disorder is prominent in contemporary townscapes. This paper provides a theoretical framework for the assessment of visual consistency in townscape in order to achieve more favourable outcomes for users. In this paper, visual consistency refers to the amount of similarity between adjacent components of townscape. The paper investigates parameters which relate to visual consistency in townscape, explores the relationships between them and highlights their significance. The paper uses arithmetic methods from outside the domain of urban design to enable the establishment of an objective approach of assessment which considers subjective indicators including users’ preferences. These methods involve the standard of deviation, colour distance and the distance between points. The paper identifies urban space as a key representative of the visual parameters of townscape. It focuses on its two components, geometry and colour in the evaluation of the visual consistency of townscape. Accordingly, this article proposes four measurements. The first quantifies the number of vertices, which are points in the three-dimensional space that are connected, by lines, to represent the appearance of elements. The second evaluates the visual surroundings of urban space through assessing the location of their vertices. The last two measurements calculate the visual similarity in both vertices and colour in townscape by the calculation of their variation using methods including standard of deviation and colour difference. The proposed quantitative assessment is based on users’ preferences towards these measurements. The paper offers a theoretical basis for a practical tool which can alter the current understanding of architectural form and its application in urban space. This tool is currently under development. The proposed method underpins expert subjective assessment and permits the establishment of a unified framework which adds to creativity by the achievement of a higher level of consistency and satisfaction among the citizens of evolving townscapes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=townscape" title="townscape">townscape</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20assessment" title=" visual assessment"> visual assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20consistency" title=" visual consistency"> visual consistency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46210/building-an-arithmetic-model-to-assess-visual-consistency-in-townscape" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5735</span> Road Transition Design on Freeway Tunnel Entrance and Exit Based on Traffic Capacity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Han%20Bai">Han Bai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tong%20Zhang"> Tong Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lemei%20Yu"> Lemei Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doudou%20Xie"> Doudou Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liang%20Zhao"> Liang Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Road transition design on freeway tunnel entrance and exit is one vital factor in realizing smooth transition and improving traveling safety for vehicles. The goal of this research is to develop a horizontal road transition design tool that considers the transition technology of traffic capacity consistency to explore its accommodation mechanism. The influencing factors of capacity are synthesized and a modified capacity calculation model focusing on the influence of road width and lateral clearance is developed based on the VISSIM simulation to calculate the width of road transition sections. To keep the traffic capacity consistency, the right side of the transition section of the tunnel entrance and exit is divided into three parts: front arc, an intermediate transition section, and end arc; an optimization design on each transition part is conducted to improve the capacity stability and horizontal alignment transition. A case study on the Panlong Tunnel in Ji-Qing freeway illustrates the application of the tool. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20safety" title="traffic safety">traffic safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20transition" title=" road transition"> road transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freeway%20tunnel" title=" freeway tunnel"> freeway tunnel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20capacity" title=" traffic capacity"> traffic capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88916/road-transition-design-on-freeway-tunnel-entrance-and-exit-based-on-traffic-capacity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88916.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5734</span> Ensuring Consistency under the Snapshot Isolation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Roberto%20Val%C3%AAncio">Carlos Roberto Valêncio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F%C3%A1bio%20Renato%20de%20Almeida"> Fábio Renato de Almeida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thatiane%20Kawabata"> Thatiane Kawabata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leandro%20Alves%20Neves"> Leandro Alves Neves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julio%20Cesar%20Momente"> Julio Cesar Momente</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20Luiz%20Tronco"> Mario Luiz Tronco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angelo%20Cesar%20Colombini"> Angelo Cesar Colombini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> By running transactions under the Snapshot isolation we can achieve a good level of concurrency, specially in databases with high-intensive read workloads. However, Snapshot is not immune to all the problems that arise from competing transactions and therefore no serialization warranty exists. We propose in this paper a technique to obtain data consistency with Snapshot by using some special triggers that we named Daemon Triggers. Besides keeping the benefits of the Snapshot isolation, the technique is specially useful for those database systems that do not have an isolation level that ensures serializability, like Firebird and Oracle. We describe all the anomalies that might arise when using the Snapshot isolation and show how to preclude them with Daemon Triggers. Based on the methodology presented here, it is also proposed the creation of a new isolation level: Daemon Snapshot. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20consistency" title="data consistency">data consistency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serialization" title=" serialization"> serialization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=snapshot" title=" snapshot"> snapshot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isolation" title=" isolation"> isolation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10560/ensuring-consistency-under-the-snapshot-isolation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10560.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5733</span> Biomarkers, A Reliable Tool for Delineating Spill Trajectory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Okpor%20Victor">Okpor Victor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Selegha%20Abrakasa"> Selegha Abrakasa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oil (Petroleum) spill occur frequently and in this era of a higher degree of awareness, it is pertinent that the trajectory of the spill is properly defined, to make certain of the area of impact by the spill. In this study, biomarkers that are known as the custodians of paleo information in oils are suggested to be used as reliable tools for defining the pathway of a spill. Samples were collected as tills alongside the GPS coordinates of the sample points suspected to have been impacted by a spill. Oils in the samples were extracted and analyzed as whole oil using GC–MS. Some biomarker parametric ratios were derived, and the ratio showed consistency of values along the sample trail from sample 1 to sample 20. The consistency of the values indicates that the oils at each sample point are the same hence the same value. This method can be used to validate the trajectory/pathway of a spill and also to define or establish a suspected pathway for a spill. The Oleanane/C30Hopane ratio showed good consistency and was suggested as a reliable parameter for establishing the trajectory of an oil spill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spill" title="spill">spill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarkers" title=" biomarkers"> biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trajectory" title=" trajectory"> trajectory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathway" title=" pathway"> pathway</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173283/biomarkers-a-reliable-tool-for-delineating-spill-trajectory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5732</span> Adapting Depression and Anxiety Questionnaire for Children into Turkish: Reliability and Validity Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%B0smail%20Se%C3%A7er">İsmail Seçer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although depression and anxiety disorders are considered to be adult disorders, the evidence obtained from several studies conducted recently shows that the roots of depression and anxiety disorders go back to childhood years. Thus, it is thought that analyzing depressive symptoms and anxiety disorders observed in the childhood is an important necessity. In the direction of the problem status of the study, the purpose of this study is to adapt anxiety and depression questionnaire for children into Turkish culture and analyze the psychometric characteristics of it on clinical and nonclinical samples separately. The study is a descriptive survey research. The study was conducted on two different sample groups, clinical and nonclinical. The clinical sample is formed of 205 individuals and the nonclinical sample is formed of 630 individuals. Through the study, anxiety and depression questionnaire for children, anxiety sensitivity index and obsessive compulsive disorder questionnaire for children were used. Experts’ opinions were asked to provide language validity of the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis and criterion-related validity to analyze construct validity and internal consistency and split-half reliability analyses were done for reliability. In the direction of experts’ opinions, construct validity of the scale was analyzed with simple confirmatory factor analysis and it was determined that the model fit of the two-factor structure of the scale gives good fit on both the clinical and nonclinical samples after determining that the language validity of the scale is provided. In criterion-related validity, it was determined that there are positive and significant relations between anxiety and depression questionnaire for children and anxiety sensitivity and obsessive compulsive disorder. The results of internal consistency and half-split reliability analyses also show that the scale has adequate reliability value. It can be said that depression and anxiety questionnaire for children which was adapted to determine depressive symptoms and anxiety disorders observed in childhood has adequate reliability and validity values and it can be used in future studies. It can be recommended that the psychometric characteristics of the scale can be analyzed and reported on new samples in the future studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scale%20adapting" title="scale adapting">scale adapting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construct%20validity" title=" construct validity"> construct validity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=confirmatory%20factor%20analysis" title=" confirmatory factor analysis"> confirmatory factor analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=childhood%20depression" title=" childhood depression"> childhood depression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53718/adapting-depression-and-anxiety-questionnaire-for-children-into-turkish-reliability-and-validity-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53718.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5731</span> A Review on Bearing Capacity Factor Nγ of Foundations with Different Shapes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Ziaie%20Moayed">R. Ziaie Moayed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Taghvamanesh"> S. Taghvamanesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> So far several methods by different researchers have been developed in order to calculate the bearing capacity factors of foundations and retaining walls. In this paper, the bearing capacity factor Ny (shape factor) for different types of foundation have been investigated. The formula for bearing capacity on c–φ–γ soil can still be expressed by Terzaghi’s equation except that the bearing capacity factor Ny depends on the surcharge ratio, and friction angle φ. Many empirical definitions have been used for measurement of the bearing capacity factors N <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing%20capacity" title="bearing capacity">bearing capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing%20capacity%20factor%20N%CE%B3" title=" bearing capacity factor Nγ"> bearing capacity factor Nγ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irregular%20foundations" title=" irregular foundations"> irregular foundations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape%20factor" title=" shape factor"> shape factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134905/a-review-on-bearing-capacity-factor-ngh-of-foundations-with-different-shapes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134905.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5730</span> Factor Structure of the Korean Version of Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (MEAQ)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juyeon%20Lee">Juyeon Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungeun%20You"> Sungeun You</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Experiential avoidance is one’s tendency to avoid painful internal experience, unwanted adverse thoughts, emotions, and physical sensations. The Multidimensional Experiential Avoidance Questionnaire (MEAQ) is a measure of experiential avoidance, and the original scale consisted of 62 items with six subfactors including behavioral avoidance, distress aversion, procrastination, distraction/suppression, repression/denial, and distress endurance. The purpose of this study was to examine the factor structure of the MEAQ in a Korean sample. Three hundred community adults and university students aged 18 to 35 participated in an online survey assessing experiential avoidance (MEAQ and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II; AAQ-II), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PHQ-9), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disoder-7; GAD-7), negative affect (Positive and Negative Affect Scale; PANAS), neuroticism (Big Five Inventory; BFI), and quality of life (Satisfaction with Life Scale; SWLS). Factor analysis with principal axis with direct oblimin rotation was conducted to examine subfactors of the MEAQ. Results indicated that the six-factor structure of the original scale was adequate. Eight items out of 62 items were removed due to insufficient factor loading. These items included 3 items of behavior avoidance (e.g., “When I am hurting, I would do anything to feel better”), 2 items of repression/denial (e.g., “I work hard to keep out upsetting feelings”), and 3 items of distress aversion (e.g., “I prefer to stick to what I am comfortable with, rather than try new activities”). The MEAQ was positively associated with the AAQ-II (r = .47, p < .001), PHQ-9 (r = .37, p < .001), GAD-7 (r = .34, p < .001), PANAS (r = .35, p < .001), and neuroticism (r = .24, p < .001), and negatively correlated with the SWLS (r = -.38, p < .001). Internal consistency was good for the MEAQ total (Cronbach’s α = .90) as well as all six subfactors (Cronbach’s α = .83 to .87). The findings of the study support the multidimensional feature of experiential avoidance and validity of the MEAQ in a sample of Korean adults. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=avoidance" title="avoidance">avoidance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experiential%20avoidance" title=" experiential avoidance"> experiential avoidance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20structure" title=" factor structure"> factor structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEAQ" title=" MEAQ"> MEAQ</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42109/factor-structure-of-the-korean-version-of-multidimensional-experiential-avoidance-questionnaire-meaq" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5729</span> Morphological Properties of Soil Profile of Vineyard of Bangalore North (GKVK Farm), Karnataka, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harsha%20B.%20R.">Harsha B. R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20S.%20Anil%20Kumar"> K. S. Anil Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A profile was dug at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, where grapes were intensively cultivated for 25 years on the dimension of 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 m. Demarcation was done on the basis of texture, structure, colour, and the details like depth, texture, colour, consistency, rock fragments, presence of mottles, and structure were recorded and studied according to standard performa of soil profile description. Horizons noticed were Ap, Bt1, Bt2, Bt3, Bt4C, Bt5C and BC with respective depths of 0-13, 13-37, 37-60, 60-78, 78-104, 104-130 and 130-151+ cm. The reddish-brown colour was noticed in Ap, Bt1, and Bt2 horizons. The sub-angular blocky structure was observed in all the layers with slightly acid in reaction. Clear and abrupt smooth boundaries were present between two respective layers with clayey texture in all the horizons except the Ap horizon, which was clay loam in texture. Variegated soil colours and iron concretions were observed in Bt4, Bt5, and BC horizons. Clay skins were observed in Bt and BC horizons. Soils were of highly friable consistency for grapes cultivation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20morphology" title="soil morphology">soil morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=horizons" title=" horizons"> horizons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay%20skins" title=" clay skins"> clay skins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consistency" title=" consistency"> consistency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vineyards" title=" vineyards"> vineyards</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151054/morphological-properties-of-soil-profile-of-vineyard-of-bangalore-north-gkvk-farm-karnataka-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5728</span> Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Malaysian Multi-Ethnic Discrimination Scale</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chua%20Bee%20Seok">Chua Bee Seok</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shamsul%20Amri%20Baharuddin"> Shamsul Amri Baharuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferlis%20Bahari"> Ferlis Bahari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jasmine%20Adela%20Mutang"> Jasmine Adela Mutang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lailawati%20Madlan"> Lailawati Madlan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosnah%20Ismail"> Rosnah Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asong%20Joseph"> Asong Joseph</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Malaysia is a country famously known for its multiple unique cultural and ethnic diversities. Despite the diversity of culture, customs and beliefs, respectively, Malaysia still be able to stand as a harmonious country. However, if there is an attitude of stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination among ethnic, it may seriously affect the solidarity between people in Malaysia. Thus, this study focuses on constructing a scale measuring the Malaysian experience, strategy and effect of ethnic discrimination. To develop a quantitative measure on ethnic discrimination directed against Malaysian, a three-step process is proposed: Exploratory factor analysis, validity analysis, and internal consistency reliability analysis. Results, limitations, and implications of the study are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20development" title="test development">test development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaysian%20multi-ethnic%20discrimination%20scale" title=" Malaysian multi-ethnic discrimination scale"> Malaysian multi-ethnic discrimination scale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exploratory%20factor%20analysis" title=" exploratory factor analysis"> exploratory factor analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validity" title=" validity"> validity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-ethnic" title=" multi-ethnic"> multi-ethnic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reliability" title=" reliability"> reliability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychometrics" title=" psychometrics"> psychometrics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15972/development-and-psychometric-evaluation-of-the-malaysian-multi-ethnic-discrimination-scale" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15972.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">742</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5727</span> Comparison of the Factor of Safety and Strength Reduction Factor Values from Slope Stability Analysis of a Large Open Pit </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Killian">James Killian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Cox"> Sarah Cox</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of stability criteria within geotechnical engineering is the way the results of analyses are conveyed, and sensitivities and risk assessments are performed. Historically, the primary stability criteria for slope design has been the Factor of Safety (FOS) coming from a limit calculation. Increasingly, the value derived from Strength Reduction Factor (SRF) analysis is being used as the criteria for stability analysis. The purpose of this work was to study in detail the relationship between SRF values produced from a numerical modeling technique and the traditional FOS values produced from Limit Equilibrium (LEM) analyses. This study utilized a model of a 3000-foot-high slope with a 45-degree slope angle, assuming a perfectly plastic mohr-coulomb constitutive model with high cohesion and friction angle values typical of a large hard rock mine slope. A number of variables affecting the values of the SRF in a numerical analysis were tested, including zone size, in-situ stress, tensile strength, and dilation angle. This paper demonstrates that in most cases, SRF values are lower than the corresponding LEM FOS values. Modeled zone size has the greatest effect on the estimated SRF value, which can vary as much as 15% to the downside compared to FOS. For consistency when using SRF as a stability criteria, the authors suggest that numerical model zone sizes should not be constructed to be smaller than about 1% of the overall problem slope height and shouldn’t be greater than 2%. Future work could include investigations of the effect of anisotropic strength assumptions or advanced constitutive models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FOS" title="FOS">FOS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SRF" title=" SRF"> SRF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LEM" title=" LEM"> LEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparison" title=" comparison"> comparison</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137515/comparison-of-the-factor-of-safety-and-strength-reduction-factor-values-from-slope-stability-analysis-of-a-large-open-pit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137515.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5726</span> Response Reduction Factor for Earthquake Resistant Design of Special Moment Resisting Frames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohan%20V.%20Ambekar">Rohan V. Ambekar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shrirang%20N.%20Tande"> Shrirang N. Tande</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study estimates the seismic response reduction factor (R) of reinforced concrete special moment resisting frame (SMRF) with and without shear wall using static nonlinear (pushover) analysis. Calculation of response reduction factor (R) is done as per the new formulation of response reduction factor (R) given by Applied Technology Council (ATC)-19 which is the product of strength factor (Rs), ductility factor (Rµ) and redundancy factor (RR). The analysis revealed that these three factors affect the actual value of response reduction factor (R) and therefore they must be taken into consideration while determining the appropriate response reduction factor to be used during the seismic design process. The actual values required for determination of response reduction factor (R) is worked out on the basis of pushover curve which is a plot of base shear verses roof displacement. Finally, the calculated values of response reduction factor (R) of reinforced concrete special moment resisting frame (SMRF) with and without shear wall are compared with the codal values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20reduction%20factor" title="response reduction factor">response reduction factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ductility%20ratio" title=" ductility ratio"> ductility ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=base%20shear" title=" base shear"> base shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20moment%20resisting%20frames" title=" special moment resisting frames"> special moment resisting frames</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1362/response-reduction-factor-for-earthquake-resistant-design-of-special-moment-resisting-frames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5725</span> Correlation between the Undrained Shear Strength of Clay of the Champlain Sea as Determined by the Vane Test and the Swedish Cone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tahar%20Ayadat">Tahar Ayadat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The undrained shear strength is an essential parameter for determining the consistency and the ultimate bearing capacity of a clay layer. The undrained shear strength can be determined by field tests such as the in situ vane test or in laboratory, including hand vane test, triaxial, simple compression test, and the consistency penetrometer (i.e. Swedish cone). However, the field vane test and the Swedish cone are the most commonly used tests by geotechnical experts. In this technical note, a comparison between the shear strength results obtained by the in situ vane test and the cone penetration test (Swedish cone) was conducted. A correlation between the results of these two tests, concerning the undrained shear strength of the Champlain sea clay, has been developed. Moreover, some applications of the proposed correlation on some geotechnical problems have been included, such as the determination of the consistency and the bearing capacity of a clay layer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation" title="correlation">correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title=" shear strength"> shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay" title=" clay"> clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vane%20test" title=" vane test"> vane test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swedish%20cone" title=" Swedish cone"> Swedish cone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59650/correlation-between-the-undrained-shear-strength-of-clay-of-the-champlain-sea-as-determined-by-the-vane-test-and-the-swedish-cone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5724</span> Theorem on Inconsistency of The Classical Logic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20J.%20Stepien">T. J. Stepien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20T.%20Stepien"> L. T. Stepien</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This abstract concerns an extremely fundamental issue. Namely, the fundamental problem of science is the issue of consistency. In this abstract, we present the theorem saying that the classical calculus of quantifiers is inconsistent in the traditional sense. At the beginning, we introduce a notation, and later we remind the definition of the consistency in the traditional sense. S1 is the set of all well-formed formulas in the calculus of quantifiers. RS1 denotes the set of all rules over the set S1. Cn(R, X) is the set of all formulas standardly provable from X by rules R, where R is a subset of RS1, and X is a subset of S1. The couple < R,X > is called a system, whenever R is a subset of RS1, and X is a subset of S1. Definition: The system < R,X > is consistent in the traditional sense if there does not exist any formula from the set S1, such that this formula and its negation are provable from X, by using rules from R. Finally, < R0+, L2 > denotes the classical calculus of quantifiers, where R0+ consists of Modus Ponens and the generalization rule. L2 is the set of all formulas valid in the classical calculus of quantifiers. The Main Result: The system < R0+, L2 > is inconsistent in the traditional sense. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classical%20calculus%20of%20quantifiers" title="classical calculus of quantifiers">classical calculus of quantifiers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classical%20predicate%20calculus" title=" classical predicate calculus"> classical predicate calculus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generalization%20rule" title=" generalization rule"> generalization rule</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consistency%20in%20the%20traditional%20sense" title=" consistency in the traditional sense"> consistency in the traditional sense</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Modus%20Ponens" title=" Modus Ponens"> Modus Ponens</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78434/theorem-on-inconsistency-of-the-classical-logic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Consistency%20factor&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Consistency%20factor&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Consistency%20factor&page=4">4</a></li> <li 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