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accesskey="n"><span>Disputatio huius IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Fontem paginae Plantae inspicere</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" 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Add the article for other languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-0" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Add languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spatia nominalia"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Videre paginam [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Res</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Disputatio:Plantae" rel="discussion" title="Disputatio de hac pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Disputatio</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Latina</span> </label> 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Ciceronis De Finibus 4.5.13, sed hac locutione [[fungi|fungos]] etiam forsitan appellaverint Romani.</ref> in [[biologia]] hodierna sunt [[multicellularis|multicellulares]] [[organismus|organismi]] [[vita|vivi]] qui ad [[regnum (taxinomia)|regnum]] Plantarum pertinent, in greges [[Angiospermae|Angiospermarum]], [[Pinophyta|Pinophytorum]], [[Bryophyta|Bryophytorum]], et [[Pteridophyta|Pteridophytorum]] digesti, ac secundum varias definitiones in greges [[Chlorophyta|Chlorophytorum]] et [[Charophyta|Charophytorum]], plantis [[mare|marinis]] (sicut [[Rhodophyta]] et [[Phaeophyceae]]) atque [[Fungi]]s [[Bacteria|Bacteriisque]] exceptis. Viridiplantis sunt parietes [[cellula]]rum cum [[cellulosa]], et plerumque plurimum suae [[energia]]e ex [[radiatio electromagnetica|luce]] per [[photosynthesis|photosynthesin]] capiunt, [[chlorophyllum|chlorophyllo]] in [[chloroplastum|chloroplastis]] contentis utendo, quod eis [[color]]em [[viridis|viridem]] dat. Nonnullae plantae sunt [[plantae parasiticae|parasiticae]], quae minimas chlorophylli summas vel photosynthesin efficere possunt. Aliae corporeae plantarum [[proprietas (physica)|proprietates]] sunt [[reproductio sexualis]], auctus [[morphologia plantarum|modularis]] et [[auctus incertus|incertus]], et [[alternatio generationum]], quamquam [[reproductio asexualis]] est communis, et nonnullae plantae [[semelparitas et iteroparitas|solum semel florent]], cum aliae solum [[unus|unam]] [[inflorescentia]]m ferant. [[Numerus]] plantarum haud accurate scitur, sed ad usque annum [[2010]], a 300&thinsp;000 ad 315&thinsp;000 [[species (taxinomia)|specierum]] plantarum aestimatae sunt, quarum plurimae, fere 260&thinsp;000 ad 290&thinsp;000, sunt [[Spermatophyta]].<ref name="IUCNdata">[http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/summarystatistics/2010_1RL_Stats_Table_1.pdf IUCN redlist.]</ref> Viridiplantae praebent plurimum mundi [[oxygenium|oxygeni]] liberi et sunt fons plurimi [[oecologia]]rum [[Tellus|Telluris]], praecipue in terra. Plantae descriptae ut [[Poaceae|gramineae]], [[fructus]], et [[holus|holera]] sunt principalis [[homo|hominum]] [[victus]], et [[millennium|millennia]] mansuefactae sunt. Plantae [[vita]]m humanam ut [[flos|flores]] et [[ornamentum|ornamenta]] exornant. Ad usque praesens et in magna varietate, eae fuerunt fons plurimorum nostrorum [[medicina]]rum et [[medicamentum|medicamentorum]]. Earum studium [[scientia (ratio)|scientificum]] [[botanica]] appellatur. Per aetates res quae plantae habentur se aliquanto [[evolutio|evolverunt]]. Primitus [[Carolus Linnaeus]] anno [[1735]] sola [[duo]] regna viva definivit: [[Animalia]] et Vegetabilia. [[Ernestus Haeckel]] tunc plantas ab [[protistum|protistis]] distinxit, sed usque annum [[1938]], [[biologia|biologi]] putabant plantas [[fungi|fungos]], [[lichen]]es, [[alga]]s, et alia comprehendere. Post autem annum [[1969]], descriptio [[Robertus Whittaker|Roberti Whittaker]] plerumque recipitur, ubi fungi algique excluduntur. Secundum consuetudinem hodiernam, comprehensi in regno plantarum sunt soli [[organismus|organismi]] qui simul sunt [[multicellularis|multicellulares]]: [[eukaryota|eukaryotici]], et [[autotrophia|autotropici]], per [[chloroplastum|chloroplasta]] [[lux|lucem]] capientes. Excluduntur organismi unicellulares qui ad regna [[Protistum|Protistorum]], [[Bacterium|Bacteriorum]], vel [[Archaeum|Archeorum]] pertinent, et organismi [[hetertrophia|heterotrophici]], qui ad regna [[Animalia|Animalium]] vel [[Fungi|Fungorum]] pertinent. == Cellulae vegetabiles == Plantarum [[cellula]]e ab [[animal]]ium cellulis differunt propter proprietates sequentes: * [[paries cellularis]] praesens * [[plastidium|plastidia]] praesentia * [[vacuola]]e praesentes * [[dictyosoma]]ta plurima praesentia (in vice unius [[Complexus Golgianus|complexus Golgiani]] [[Animalia|Animalium]]) * [[lysosoma]]ta absentia (quorum munere vacuola funguntur) * [[centriolum|centriola]] absentia == Principalia [[taxinomia|taxinomica]] Plantarum taxa == [[Fasciculus:Texas invasive Musk Thistle 1.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|''[[Carduus nutans]]'' est [[species invasiva]] in [[Texia]].]] * [[Regnum (taxinomia)|regnum]]: Plantae * [[Divisio (taxinomia)|divisio]] * [[Classis (taxinomia)|classis]] et [[classis (taxinomia)|subclassis]] * [[Ordo (taxinomia)|ordo]] * [[Familia (taxinomia)|familia]] * [[Genus (taxinomia)|genus]] * [[Species (taxinomia)|species]] == Systema regni plantarum == {{div col|2}} Regnum Plantae<ref>Damien Aubert, ''Classer le vivant: Les perspectives de la systématique évolutionniste moderne'' (Ellipses, 2017)</ref>: * subregnum [[Biliphyta]] ** infraregnum [[Glaucophyta]] *** phylum [[Glaucophyta]] ** infraregnum [[Rhodophyta]] *** phylum [[Rhodophyta]] * subregnum [[Viridiplantae]] ** infraregnum [[Chlorophyta]] *** phylum [[Chlorophyta]] ** infraregnum [[Cormophyta]] *** phylum [[Bryophyta]] **** subphylum [[Hepaticae]] **** subphylum [[Musci]] **** subphylum [[Anthocerotae]] *** phylum [[Tracheophyta]] **** subphylum [[Pteridophytina]] **** subphylum [[Spermatophytina]], id est plantae quae semina gerunt ***** infraphylum [[Gymnospermae]] ***** infraphylum [[Angiospermae]] {{div col end}} ==Pinacotheca== <gallery> Fasciculus:Borassus flabellifer.jpg|''[[Borassus flabellifer]].'' Fasciculus:Chestnut in Guntur.jpg|Fructus ''[[Borassus flabellifer|Borassi flabelliferi]]'' (in loco Thaati Munjelu appellati) in foro in Guntur [[India]]e vendundati. Fasciculus:Turmericroot.jpg|''[[Curcuma longa]]e'' [[rhizoma]]. Fasciculus:Starr 050407-6233 Ipomoea batatas.jpg|''[[Ipomoea batatas]]'' in [[Hortus Botanicus Maui Nui|Horto Botanico Maui Nui.]] Fasciculus:Pandan wangi.JPG|''[[Pandanus amaryllifolius]].'' Fasciculus:California Papaya ID.jpg|''[[Carica papaya|Caricae papayae]]'' cultivarietatis 'Californiae' [[fructus]]. Fasciculus:Papaya sunset.jpg|''[[Carica papaya]],'' cultivarietas 'Sunset'. Fasciculus:Prepared lemon grass.JPG|''[[Cymbopogon citratus]].'' Fasciculus:Bangkuang 070612-056 stgd.jpg|''[[Pachyrhizus erosus|Pachyrhizi erosi]]'' [[cormus]]. Situgede, Bogor, [[Iava Occidentalis]], [[Indonesia]]e. Fasciculus:KIKU brak-ontree.JPG|''[[Malus]],'' cultivarietas 'Fuji'. Fasciculus:SauropusAndrogynus.jpg|Surculi ''[[Sauropus androgynus|Sauropus androgyni]].'' Fasciculus:Ilaneer.jpg|''[[Cocos nucifera]].'' </gallery> == Notae == <references/> == Bibliographia == [[Fasciculus:Venus_Flytrap_showing_trigger_hairs.jpg|thumb|''[[Dionaea muscipula]],'' species [[planta carnivora|plantae carnivorae]].]] [[Fasciculus:Urueña almendro2 lou.jpg|thumb|[[Flos|Flores]] ''[[Prunus dulcis|Pruni dulcis]].'']] ; Generalia * Evans, L. T. [[1998]]. ''Feeding the Ten Billion: Plants and Population Growth.'' Cantabrigiae: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-64685-5. * Greuter, W., et al. [[2000]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20021212031259/http://www.bgbm.fu-berlin.de/iapt/nomenclature/code/SaintLouis/0000St.Luistitle.htm aquí] ''International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (St. Louis Code).'' Gantner/Koeltz. * Judd, W. S., C. S. Campbell, E. A. Kellogg, P. F. Stevens, et M. J. Donoghue. [[2002]]. An Overview of Green Plant Phylogeny. In ''Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach.'' Ed. secunda. Sinauer Assoc. * Kenrick, Paul, et Peter R. Crane. [[1997]]. ''The Origin and Early Diversification of Land Plants: A Cladistic Study.'' Vasingtoniae: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 1-56098-730-8. * Raven, Peter H., Ray F. Evert, et Susan E. Eichhorn. [[2005]]. ''Biology of Plants.'' Ed. septima. Novi Eboraci: W. H. Freeman and Company. ISBN 0-7167-1007-2. * Simpson, M. J. [[2005]]. ''Plant Systematics: An overview.'' Elsevier Academic Press. * Sitte, Peter, Elmar Weiler, Joachim W. Kadereit, [[Andreas Bresinsky]], er Christian Körner. [[2002]]. ''Lehrbuch der Botanik für Hochschulen,'' 35a, Eduard Strasburger. Heidelberg: Spektrum Akademischer Verlag. ISBN 3-8274-1010-X. * Taylor, Thomas N., et Edith L. Taylor. [[1993]]. ''The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants.'' Englewood Cliffs, Novae Caesareae: Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-651589-4. * Trewavas, A. [[2003]]. [http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/92/1/1 Aspects of Plant Intelligence,] ''Annals of Botany'' 92: 1–20. ; Aestimationes et numeri specierum * International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Species Survival Commission [[2004]]. [[IUCN Red List]] [http://www.iucnredlist.org/]. * Prance, G. T. [[2001]]. Discovering the Plant World. ''Taxon'' 50: 345. {{NexInt}} {{div col|2}} * [[Biota]] * [[Cellula plantarum]] * [[Herbicida]] * [[Morphologia plantarum]] * [[Transpiratio]] {{div col end}} == Nexus externi == {{fontes biologici}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20090827054314/http://www.arboretum.ufm.edu/plantas/familias.asp Arboretum, Plantae,] www.arboretum.ufm.edu (Universidad Francisco Marroquín) * [http://books.google.com/books?id=w0hZvTFJUioC&printsec=frontcover&dq=botanical+latin#PPA74,M1 ''Botanical Latin,'' a Gulielmo Thoma Stearn scripto, apud Google Books] * [http://taxonomicon.taxonomy.nl/TaxonTree.aspx?id=1005399 ''Taxonomicon''] [[Categoria:Plantae|!]] [[Categoria:Taxinomia plantarum|!]] [[Categoria:Taxa Haeckel]] [[Categoria:Taxa 1866]] [[Categoria:Regna (taxinomia Linnaeana)]] {{1000 paginae}}{{Myrias|Biologia}} </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p>Formulae hac in pagina adhibitae: </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Formula:1000_paginae" title="Formula:1000 paginae">Formula:1000 paginae</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:1000_paginae&action=edit" title="Formula:1000 paginae">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Capsa_taxinomica" title="Formula:Capsa taxinomica">Formula:Capsa taxinomica</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Capsa_taxinomica&action=edit" title="Formula:Capsa taxinomica">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Citation/core" title="Formula:Citation/core">Formula:Citation/core</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Citation/core&action=edit" title="Formula:Citation/core">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Citation/make_link" title="Formula:Citation/make link">Formula:Citation/make link</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Citation/make_link&action=edit" title="Formula:Citation/make link">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Cite_book" title="Formula:Cite book">Formula:Cite book</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Cite_book&action=edit" title="Formula:Cite book">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Column-count" title="Formula:Column-count">Formula:Column-count</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Column-count&action=edit" title="Formula:Column-count">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Div_col" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula:Div col">Formula:Div col</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Div_col&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula:Div col">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Div_col_end" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula:Div col end">Formula:Div col end</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Div_col_end&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula:Div col end">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Fontes_biologici" title="Formula:Fontes biologici">Formula:Fontes biologici</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Fontes_biologici&action=edit" title="Formula:Fontes biologici">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:L-1" title="Formula:L-1">Formula:L-1</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:L-1&action=edit" title="Formula:L-1">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Latinitas" title="Formula:Latinitas">Formula:Latinitas</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Latinitas&action=edit" title="Formula:Latinitas">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Myrias" title="Formula:Myrias">Formula:Myrias</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Myrias&action=edit" title="Formula:Myrias">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:NexInt" title="Formula:NexInt">Formula:NexInt</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:NexInt&action=edit" title="Formula:NexInt">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Taxobox" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula:Taxobox">Formula:Taxobox</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Taxobox&action=edit" class="mw-redirect" title="Formula:Taxobox">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Textus_in_columnas_divisus_finitur" title="Formula:Textus in columnas divisus finitur">Formula:Textus in columnas divisus finitur</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Textus_in_columnas_divisus_finitur&action=edit" title="Formula:Textus in columnas divisus finitur">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Textus_in_columnas_divisus_incipitur" title="Formula:Textus in columnas divisus incipitur">Formula:Textus in columnas divisus incipitur</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Textus_in_columnas_divisus_incipitur&action=edit" title="Formula:Textus in columnas divisus incipitur">recensere</a>) </li><li><a href="/wiki/Formula:Victio" title="Formula:Victio">Formula:Victio</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Formula:Victio&action=edit" title="Formula:Victio">recensere</a>) </li></ul></div><p id="mw-returnto">Redire ad <a href="/wiki/Plantae" title="Plantae">Plantae</a>.</p> <noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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