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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kontroversiellt_begrepp"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kontroversiellt begrepp</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kontroversiellt_begrepp-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muhammad_Ídris_ash-Shafi’is_tolkning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muhammad_Ídris_ash-Shafi’is_tolkning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Muhammad Ídris ash-Shafi’is tolkning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muhammad_Ídris_ash-Shafi’is_tolkning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Källor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Källor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Källor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Källor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innehållsförteckning" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ijma</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 43 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9_(%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87)" title="إجماع (فقه) – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إجماع (فقه)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0cma" title="İcma – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İcma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="ইজমা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইজমা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B6%D0%BC%D3%99" title="Ижмә – basjkiriska" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ижмә" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkiriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Id%C5%BEma" title="Idžma – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Idžma" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijm%C3%A0" title="Ijmà – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ijmà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijma" title="Ijma – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ijma" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idschm%C4%81%CA%BF" title="Idschmāʿ – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Idschmāʿ" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijma" title="Ijma – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ijma" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%C5%B7m%C4%81%E2%80%98" title="Iŷmā‘ – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Iŷmā‘" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9_(%D9%81%D9%82%D9%87)" title="اجماع (فقه) – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اجماع (فقه)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijm%C3%A2%27" title="Ijmâ' – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ijmâ'" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BC%D0%B0%D3%80" title="ИджмаӀ – ingusjiska" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ИджмаӀ" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingusjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%A6%88%EB%A7%88" title="이즈마 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이즈마" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="इज्मा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इज्मा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijmak" title="Ijmak – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ijmak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijma%27" title="Ijma' – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ijma'" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%92%27%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A2" title="איג'מאע – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איג'מאע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijma" title="Ijma – javanesiska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ijma" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B6%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ижма – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ижма" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijma" title="Ijma – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ijma" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ecma" title="Îcma – kurdiska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îcma" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Id%C5%BEma" title="Idžma – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Idžma" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇജ്‌മാഅ് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇജ്‌മാഅ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijmak" title="Ijmak – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ijmak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijma" title="Ijma – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ijma" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijmo" title="Ijmo – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ijmo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9_(%D9%81%D9%82%DB%81%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD)" title="اجماع (فقہی اصطلاح) – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اجماع (فقہی اصطلاح)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Id%C5%BCma" title="Idżma – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Idżma" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijma" title="Ijma – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ijma" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Иджма – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Иджма" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ixhma" title="Ixhma – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ixhma" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9" title="ئیجماع – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیجماع" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%9F%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Иџма – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Иџма" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Id%C5%BEma" title="Idžma – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Idžma" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijma" title="Ijma – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ijma" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE" title="இஜ்மா – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இஜ்மா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE" title="ఇజ్మా – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇజ్మా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0cma" title="İcma – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İcma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Іджма – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іджма" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9_(%D9%81%D9%82%DB%81%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD)" title="اجماع (فقہی اصطلاح) – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اجماع (فقہی اصطلاح)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0cma" title="İcma – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İcma" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%88%B6%E7%8E%9B%E5%B0%94" title="伊制玛尔 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊制玛尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q652172#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ijma" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Ijma" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r51224235">.mw-parser-output table.ambox{margin:0 10%;border-collapse:collapse;background:#fbfbfb;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #608ec2}.mw-parser-output table.ambox th.ambox-text,.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-text{padding:.25em .5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-image{padding:2px 0 2px .5em;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output table.ambox td.ambox-imageright{padding:2px 4px 2px 0;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-notice{border-left:10px solid #608ec2}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-delete,.mw-parser-output table.ambox-serious{border-left:10px solid #b22222}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #f4c430}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-merge{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output table.ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #bba}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox{border-top-width:0}.mw-parser-output .messagebox{border:1px solid #aaaaaa;background-color:#f8f9fa;width:80%;margin:0 auto 1em auto;padding:.2em}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.merge{border:1px solid #c0b8cc;background-color:#f0e5ff;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.cleanup{border:1px solid #9f9fff;background-color:#efefff;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.standard-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba}.mw-parser-output .messagebox.nested-talk{border:1px solid #c0c090;background-color:#f8eaba;width:100%;margin:2px 4px}</style><table class="metadata ambox ambox-content" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td class="ambox-image"> <div style="width:52px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/50px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/75px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/100px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td> <td class="ambox-text">Den här artikeln har källhänvisningar, men eftersom det saknas <i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion_till_k%C3%A4llh%C3%A4nvisningar" title="Wikipedia:Introduktion till källhänvisningar">fotnoter</a></i> är det svårt att avgöra vilken uppgift som är hämtad var. <b><small>(2009-10)</small></b> <br /><small>Hjälp gärna till med att <b><a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ijma&action=edit">redigera artikeln</a></b>, eller diskutera saken på <a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Ijma" title="Diskussion:Ijma">diskussionssidan</a>. </small></td> </tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Ijma</b> (”överensstämmelse”, consensus ecclesiae) är inom <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a> den allmänt erkända praxis i fråga om tolkningen av <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a> och <a href="/wiki/Sunna_(islam)" title="Sunna (islam)">sunna</a>. De grundvalar, på vilka den islamiska dogmatiken ytterst vilar, är således Koranen, sunna och ijma.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tredje_steget_i_skapandet_av_de_religiösa_lagarna"><span id="Tredje_steget_i_skapandet_av_de_religi.C3.B6sa_lagarna"></span>Tredje steget i skapandet av de religiösa lagarna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijma&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Tredje steget i skapandet av de religiösa lagarna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijma&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Tredje steget i skapandet av de religiösa lagarna"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Muslimska lärda ser ijma som den tredje viktiga källan till islams lära. Om en situation eller ett fall inte direkt berörts i <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Sunna_(islam)" title="Sunna (islam)">sunna</a> (dvs de normerande hadith-berättelserna) anses ijma som en värdefull källa. Under det <a href="/wiki/Kalifat" title="Kalifat">abbasidiska kalifatets</a> höjdpunkt (750-950) ville man skapa likriktning och enhetlighet både i religionen och i rättsväsendet som under tidigare period utvecklat en mångfald av olika tolkningar och lokala traditioner. De religiöst lärda (‘ulama) studerade först de skriftliga källorna, koranen och hadithsamlingarna. Sedan bearbetade man och analyserade vad som stod i texterna. Man diskuterade enstaka ords betydelse, uppenbarelsernas orsaker och konsekvenser. Hur man skulle tackla och bedöma motsägelser i texterna osv. Som ett tredje steg mot likriktning enades man om ”rätt tolkning”, man ”stadfäste” en tolkning som skulle gälla hädanefter. Ijma‘ är termen för enighet eller konsensus inom församlingen (umma). Tidigt uppstod frågor kring begreppet: Vilka skulle komma överens? Endast män, endast lärda, kunde analfabeter ingå etc. En grupp av invånarna i staden Kufa gjorde sin egen tolkning och räknade detta som ijma. Tolkningsproblemen hade alltså både en geografisk aspekt, och blev en demokratisk fråga om vilka som skulle få delta. Ur det teologiska perspektivet gällde det att tolka guds vilja. För att beslutet, överenskommelsen, inte skulle bli förhastad eller fel användes principen att vänta, oftast en generation, innan tolkningen slogs fast. När väl ijma fastställts är den inte möjligt att ändra. Ijma är gudomlig och kan inte undanröjas av omtolkning, eller av hadither eller koranverser som ger andra besked. </p><p>Möjligheten att kunna besluta om en slutgiltig tolkning vilade på ett uttalande som Muhammed anses ha gjort: ”Min församling skulle aldrig enas över något felaktigt”. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kontroversiellt_begrepp">Kontroversiellt begrepp</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijma&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Kontroversiellt begrepp" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijma&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Kontroversiellt begrepp"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Ijma</i> med betydelsen <i>konsensus</i>, och användandet av <a href="/wiki/Konsensus" title="Konsensus">konsensus</a> som en självständig källa till islamisk lag ansågs på 800-talet kontroversiell. Debatten kring begreppet delades upp i två läger, mellan <a href="/wiki/Ra%27y" title="Ra'y">ra'y</a>- och <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">hadith</a>-anhängarna. De sistnämnda representerades av <a href="/wiki/Muhammed_%27Idris_ash-Shafi%27i" title="Muhammed 'Idris ash-Shafi'i">Muhammed 'Ídris ash-Shafi'i</a>. Ijma var ett begrepp som ursprungligen användes främst av ra'y-anhängarna men omdefinierades av Shafi’i. Begreppets betydelse var från början synonymt med regionens traditioner och seder. Hadith anhängarna var kritiska till detta begrepp om konsensus. De ansåg att man borde gå tillbaka till texten och uppenbarelsen och var kritiska till användandet av regionala seder. Ijma var dock vid tiden så generellt spritt att det inte kunde avskaffas eller avvecklas. Shafi’i omtolkade då istället begreppet och försökte förringa begreppet konsensus. </p><p>Ijma ska endast användas i sammanhang som kan tolkas som uppenbar kunskap för en muslim (’amm) medan mera specifika och särskilda frågor (khass) måste tas om hand av de lärda. Eftersom även de som betraktas som lärda är människor, och människor alltid bär med sig fel och brister, finns här ett stort mått av osäkerhet. Ijma ska vara ofelbar, får inte återtas och ytterligare en kontroversiell fråga har varit vad som händer om de felbara fattar ett beslut som betraktas som ofelbart. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Muhammad_Ídris_ash-Shafi’is_tolkning"><span id="Muhammad_.C3.8Ddris_ash-Shafi.E2.80.99is_tolkning"></span>Muhammad Ídris ash-Shafi’is tolkning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijma&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Muhammad Ídris ash-Shafi’is tolkning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijma&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Muhammad Ídris ash-Shafi’is tolkning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shafi’i tillskrivs ofta formuleringen av ett gemensamt <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4ttssystem" title="Rättssystem">rättssystem</a> inom Islam. Han kan sägas vara en viktig person för islamisk lag och blev även helgonförklarad. Han dog år 820 i Kairo. En av de fyra rättsskolorna inom islam grundades i hans namn. Shafi’is modell och tolkning av begreppet Ijma är intressant då det skiljer sig från den tolkning som kom senare. Hans idéer och tolkningar finns kvar idag som det klassiska eller ortodoxa som senare juridik är buggd på. </p><p>Shafi’i utgår från att all kunskap är av två slag. Kunskapen är antingen ͨ ᾱmm, dvs allmän, eller khᾱṣṣ, dvs särskild. Att kunskap är ͨ ᾱmm innebär att den är självklar och sådan som ingen muslim behöver utbildning eller träning i för att lära sig. Detta beror på att kunskapen finns i en text alla känner till eller att kunskapen har vidarebefordrats genom muntlig tradition. Som exempel på sådan kunskap har vi grunderna i Islam, såsom att en muslim bör be, eller kunskap om företeelse i naturen, såsom att regn är vatten som faller från himlen. Shafi’i menar att i exemplen ovan är ijma möjligt. Att kunskap är khāss innebär att den är specialiserad. För att åter använda oss av exemplet ovan så har vi kunskap om hur en muslim bör be, till exempel vid tillfällen då han sitter på hästryggen och rider. Detta är kunskap som vanliga muslimer inte behöver bry sig om. Det är istället de olika rättsskolorna som ska finna svar på hur en muslim ska be vid ett sådant tillfälle och sedan sprida denna kunskap till resten av muslimerna. Detta är alltså rättsskolornas plikt. Shafi’i menar att vid precis nämnda exempel ovan är ijma inte möjlig. </p><p>Att ijma inte är möjlig vid sistnämnda exempel, dvs vid khāss, beror på att situationen öppnar upp för osäkra och felaktiga svar och ijma godtar inte en sådan risk. Detta innebär att för Shafi’i existerar knappt begreppet ijma med betydelsen som en del av guds uppenbarelse. Istället menar han att ijma bör användas som ett sätt att fastställa en text eller en handling som är så vidt spriden och generell att den inte kan ligga till grund för diskussion. Han menar att ijma inte kan användas som en källa för islamisk lag. </p><p>ᾱmm, den allmänna kunskapen, är eller är inte alltså baserad på text. Men det är endast den som är baserad på text samt bekräftad av ijmā ͨ ᾱmm som är ofelbar. Allmän kunskap icke baserad på text är i grunden khāss, dvs kunskap med risk för att vara felaktig, något som är rättsskolornas ansvar att döma över. Det finns en hierarkisk indelning där all kunskap icke baserad på text står under kunskap baserad på text. Rättsskolornas plikt är att styra med och förvalta texten men då även att ansvara för den allmänna icke text baserade kunskapen som befinner sig ett steg ner i hierarkin, eftersom rättskolornas lärda inte kan stå över kunskap baserad på text. Men samtidigt är de lärda inte ofelbara vilket innebär att texten som förvaltas av dem inte kan vara ofelbar. Eftersom det också är de lärda som förvaltar allmänna kunskapen kan ijma som innebär säker kunskap inte gälla såvida den inte bygger på text. Slutsatsen av Shafi’is tolkning av begreppet innebär att ijma ijtihadi (dvs ijma med betydelsen uttryck för Guds uppenbarelse och källa till islamisk lag) inte existerar, men det som finns kvar är ett bekräftande konsensus som på ett sätt talar om att rättskolorna är eniga om viss tolkning av text men även talar om att en lagregel utformad genom <a href="/wiki/Qiyas" title="Qiyas">qiyas</a> är det bästa och det muslimerna bör rätta sig efter. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Källor"><span id="K.C3.A4llor"></span>Källor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijma&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Källor" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijma&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Källor"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://runeberg.org/nfbl/0495.html">Islam</a> i <i><a href="/wiki/Nordisk_familjebok" title="Nordisk familjebok">Nordisk familjebok</a></i> (andra upplagan, 1910)</span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFVikør2003">Vikør, Knut S. (2003). <i><span>Mellom Gud och stat</span></i>. Oslo: Spartacus</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mellom+Gud+och+stat&rft.aulast=Vik%C3%B8r&rft.aufirst=Knut+S.&rft.au=Vik%C3%B8r%2C+Knut+S.&rft.date=2003&rft.place=Oslo&rft.pub=Spartacus&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Ijma"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="navbox-inner collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Islam" title="Mall:Islam"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Islam&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Islamologi" title="Islamologi">Islamologi</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Islamisk_ordlista" title="Islamisk ordlista">Islamisk ordlista</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Islams_historia" title="Islams historia">Islams historia</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kalifat" title="Kalifat">Kalifat</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Islam_i_Sverige" title="Islam i Sverige">Islam i Sverige</a><br /></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Tro</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah (Gud)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tawh%C4%ABd" title="Tawhīd">Guds enhet (tawhīd)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Muhammed" title="Muhammed">Muhammed</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Profet#Profeter_i_islam" title="Profet">Profeter</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nubuwwah" title="Nubuwwah">Profetskap</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Qiyamah" title="Qiyamah">Domedagen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> Speciellt inom shia:<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Imamah" title="Imamah">Ledarskap</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Adalah" title="Adalah">Rättvisa</a></div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="23"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Allah-green.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Allah"><img alt="Allah" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/100px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/150px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/200px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;"><a href="/wiki/Islams_fem_pelare" title="Islams fem pelare">Fem pelare</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span style="white-space:nowrap">1. <a href="/wiki/Shahadah" class="mw-redirect" title="Shahadah">Shahadah</a> (Trosbekännelsen)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap">2. <a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Salah</a> (Tidebönen)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap">3. <a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">Zakat</a> (Allmosan)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap">4. <a href="/wiki/Sawm" title="Sawm">Sawm</a> (Fastan)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap">5. <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> (Vallfärden)</span></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Skrifter och källor</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sunna_(islam)" title="Sunna (islam)">Sunna</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/%27Aql" title="'Aql">'Aql</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ijma (Överensstämmelse)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ijtihad" title="Ijtihad">Ijtihad</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Profetens familj och <a href="/wiki/Sahaba" title="Sahaba">följeslagare</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Abbas_ibn_Abd_al-Muttalib" title="Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib">Abbas</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_bin_Abdul_Muttalib" title="Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib">Abdullah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Muttalib" title="Abd al-Muttalib">Abd al-Muttalib</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Abu_Talib_ibn_%E2%80%98Abd_al-Muttalib" title="Abu Talib ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib">Abu Talib</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhar_al-Ghifari" title="Abu Dhar al-Ghifari">Abu Dharr</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sufyan_ibn_Harb" title="Abu Sufyan ibn Harb">Abu Sufyan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Aisha" title="Aisha">Aisha</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Al-Khansa" title="Al-Khansa">Al-Khansa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_Abi_Talib" title="Ali ibn Abi Talib">Ali</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Aminah_Bint_Wahb" class="mw-redirect" title="Aminah Bint Wahb">Aminah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ammar_ibn_Yasir" title="Ammar ibn Yasir">Ammar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Anas_ibn_Malik" title="Anas ibn Malik">Anas</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bilal_ibn_Ribah" title="Bilal ibn Ribah">Bilal</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fatima" title="Fatima">Fatima</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hamza_ibn_%E2%80%98Abd_al-Muttalib" title="Hamza ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib">Hamza</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/H%C4%81schim_ibn_%CA%BFAbd_Man%C4%81f" title="Hāschim ibn ʿAbd Manāf">Hashim</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Husayn_ibn_Ali" title="Husayn ibn Ali">Husayn</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hasan_ibn_Ali" title="Hasan ibn Ali">Hasan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Abdallah_ibn_al-Abbas" title="Abdallah ibn al-Abbas">Ibn Abbas</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_ibn_Mas%27ud" title="Abdullah ibn Mas'ud">Ibn Mas'ud</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jabir_ibn_Abdullah" title="Jabir ibn Abdullah">Jabir</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Khadidja" title="Khadidja">Khadidja</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Khalid_ibn_al-Walid" title="Khalid ibn al-Walid">Khalid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kumayl_ibn_Ziyad" title="Kumayl ibn Ziyad">Kumayl</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Miqdad_ibn_Aswad" title="Miqdad ibn Aswad">Miqdad</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Muawiya_I" title="Muawiya I">Muawiya</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Salman_persern" title="Salman persern">Salman</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Talha_ibn_Ubaydullah" title="Talha ibn Ubaydullah">Talha</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Umar_ibn_al-Khattab" title="Umar ibn al-Khattab">Umar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Umm_Kulthum_bint_Ali" title="Umm Kulthum bint Ali">Umm Kulthum</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Umm_Salama" title="Umm Salama">Umm Salama</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zainab_bint_Ali" title="Zainab bint Ali">Zainab</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zayd_ibn_Haritha" title="Zayd ibn Haritha">Zayd</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zubayr_ibn_al-Awwam" title="Zubayr ibn al-Awwam">Zubayr</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Heliga städer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Mecka" title="Mecka">Mecka</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tempelberget" title="Tempelberget">Tempelberget</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Viktiga byggnader</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Kaba" title="Kaba">Kaba</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Klippdomen" title="Klippdomen">Klippdomen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Madrassa" title="Madrassa">Madrassa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">Minaret</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mosk%C3%A9" title="Moské">Moské</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Masjid_an-Nabawi" title="Masjid an-Nabawi">Masjid an-Nabawi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram">Masjid al-Haram</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hawza" title="Hawza">Hawza</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Haram_(plats)" title="Haram (plats)">Haram</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Händelser och <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6gtid#Muslimska_högtider" title="Högtid">högtider</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hijra" title="Hijra">Hijra</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramadan</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Laylat_al-Qadr" title="Laylat al-Qadr">Laylat al-Qadr</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Id_al-fitr" title="Id al-fitr">Id al-fitr</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Id_al-adha" title="Id al-adha">Id al-adha</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Aashura" class="mw-redirect" title="Aashura">Aashura</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Arba%27in" title="Arba'in">Arba'in</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Eid_al-Ghadeer" class="mw-redirect" title="Eid al-Ghadeer">Eid al-Ghadeer</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4ndelsen_i_Ghadir_Khumm" title="Händelsen i Ghadir Khumm">Ghadir Khumm</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Eftertr%C3%A4dandet_av_Muhammed" title="Efterträdandet av Muhammed">Efterträdandet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Laylat_al-Mabit" title="Laylat al-Mabit">Laylat al-Mabit</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Riktningar</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sunniter" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunniter">Sunni</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hanafi" title="Hanafi">Hanafi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span></span> <a href="/wiki/Maliki" title="Maliki">Maliki</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Shafi" title="Shafi">Shafi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hanbali" title="Hanbali">Hanbali</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Thahiri" title="Thahiri">Thahiri</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shia" title="Shia">Shi'a</a> (<a href="/wiki/Imamiterna" title="Imamiterna">Imamiterna</a></span> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Ja%27fari" title="Ja'fari">Ja'fari</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Alevism" title="Alevism">Alevi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nusayrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Nusayrier">Alawiter</a>)</i><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ismailiter" title="Ismailiter">Ismailiter</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zaiddiyah" title="Zaiddiyah">Zayditer</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kharijiter" title="Kharijiter">Kharijiter</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ibadi" title="Ibadi">Ibadi</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Icke-konfessionell_muslim" title="Icke-konfessionell muslim">Icke-konfessionell</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a> <i>(<a href="/wiki/Bektashi" title="Bektashi">Bektashi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kisilbaschi" title="Kisilbaschi">Kisilbaschi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mevlevi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mevlevi">Mevlevi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Naqshbandi" title="Naqshbandi">Naqshbandi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nimatullahi" title="Nimatullahi">Nimatullahi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rahmaniyya" title="Rahmaniyya">Rahmaniyya</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Shadhiliyya" title="Shadhiliyya">Shadhiliyya</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Suhrawardiyya" title="Suhrawardiyya">Suhrawardiyya</a>)</i></span></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Lag och rätt</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Islamisk lag (sharia)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh">Rättslära (fiqh)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Madhhab" title="Madhhab">Rättsskolor (madhāhib)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ammanbudskapet" title="Ammanbudskapet">Ammanbudskapet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fatwa" title="Fatwa">Fatwa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Halal" title="Halal">Halal</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Taqlid" title="Taqlid">Taqlid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fard" title="Fard">Fard</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Wajib" title="Wajib">Wajib</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Haram" title="Haram">Haram</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Makruh" title="Makruh">Makruh</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mubah" title="Mubah">Mubah</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mandub" title="Mandub">Mandub</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Kultur och vetenskap</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Islamisk_arkitektur" title="Islamisk arkitektur">Islamisk arkitektur</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Islamisk_astronomi" title="Islamisk astronomi">Islamisk astronomi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Islamisk_filosofi" title="Islamisk filosofi">Islamisk filosofi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kalligrafi#Arabisk_och_islamisk_kalligrafi" title="Kalligrafi">Islamisk kalligrafi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Islamisk_konst" title="Islamisk konst">Islamisk konst</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Islamisk_vetenskap" title="Islamisk vetenskap">Islamisk vetenskap</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kalam" title="Kalam">Kalam</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tafs%C4%ABr" title="Tafsīr">Tafsīr</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Irfan" title="Irfan">Irfan</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Teologiska skolor</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Asharitiska_skolan" title="Asharitiska skolan">Ashariter</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Liberal_islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal islam">Liberal islam</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mu%27taziliter" title="Mu'taziliter">Mu'taziliter</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Murjiter" title="Murjiter">Murjiter</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Shia#Teologi" title="Shia">Shia</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Grupper och rörelser<br />utanför huvudfåran</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya" title="Ahmadiyya">Ahmadiyya</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Druser" title="Druser">Druser</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Murjiter" title="Murjiter">Murjiter</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam" title="Nation of Islam">Nation of Islam</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Salafism" title="Salafism">Salafism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Wahhabism" title="Wahhabism">Wahhabism</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zikri" title="Zikri">Zikri</a><br />Besläktade trosinriktningar: <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1b%C3%ADsm" title="Bábísm">Bábísm</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%27%C3%AD" title="Bahá'í">Bahá'í</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Kategori"><img alt="Kategori" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Islam" title="Kategori:Islam">Kategori</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950" /><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="navbox-inner collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Islamisk_r%C3%A4ttsl%C3%A4ra" title="Mall:Islamisk rättslära"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Islamisk_r%C3%A4ttsl%C3%A4ra&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islamisk</a> rättslära (<a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh">fiqh</a>)</span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;" colspan="3"><b><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a></b> (islamisk lag)</td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4ttsk%C3%A4llor" class="mw-redirect" title="Rättskällor">Rättskällor</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Usul_al-fiqh" class="mw-redirect" title="Usul al-fiqh">Usul al-fiqh</a>)</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sunna_(islam)" title="Sunna (islam)">Sunna</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Taqlid" title="Taqlid">Taqlid</a> (imitation)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ijtihad" title="Ijtihad">Ijtihad</a> (tolkning)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ijma</a> (konsensus)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Qiyas" title="Qiyas">Qiyas</a> (analogislut)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Urf_(islam)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urf (islam) [inte skriven än]">Urf</a> (lokal praxis)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Bid%E2%80%98ah" title="Bid‘ah">Bid‘ah</a> (innovation)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Madrassa" title="Madrassa">Madrassa</a> (skola)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ijazah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ijazah [inte skriven än]">Ijazah</a> (auktorisation)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istihlal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istihlal [inte skriven än]">Istihlal</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istihsan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istihsan [inte skriven än]">Istihsan</a> (beslutsrätt)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Risalah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Risalah [inte skriven än]">Risalah</a> (dissertation, avhandling)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fatwa" title="Fatwa">Fatwa</a></div></td><td style="width:0%;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="27"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:ALFiqh.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/ALFiqh.png/100px-ALFiqh.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/ALFiqh.png/150px-ALFiqh.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/ALFiqh.png/200px-ALFiqh.png 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Lagskolor (<a href="/wiki/Madhhab" title="Madhhab">Madhāhib</a>)</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Maliki" title="Maliki">Maliki</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hanafi" title="Hanafi">Hanafi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Shafi" title="Shafi">Shafi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hanbali" title="Hanbali">Hanbali</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ja%27fari" title="Ja'fari">Ja'fari</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zaiddiyah" title="Zaiddiyah">Zaiddiyah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Thahiri" title="Thahiri">Thahiri</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ibadi" title="Ibadi">Ibadi</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Ekonomisk rätt</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">Zakat</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Jizya" title="Jizya">Jizya</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Khums" title="Khums">Khums</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Waqf" title="Waqf">Waqf</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <b><a href="/wiki/Islamiskt_bankv%C3%A4sende" title="Islamiskt bankväsende">Bankväsende</a>:</b> <a href="/wiki/Riba_(Islamisk_r%C3%A4ttsl%C3%A4ra)" title="Riba (Islamisk rättslära)">Riba</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Politisk rätt</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Kalifat" title="Kalifat">Kalifat</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Imamah" title="Imamah">Imamah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vil%C3%A2yet" title="Vilâyet">Vilâyet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Dhimmi" title="Dhimmi">Dhimmi</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;"><a href="/wiki/Islam#Äktenskap" title="Islam">Äktenskaps- och familjerätt</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%C3%84ktenskap_i_islam" title="Äktenskap i islam">Äktenskap i islam</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mut%27ah" title="Mut'ah">Mut'ah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Idda" title="Idda">Idda</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Talaq" title="Talaq">Talaq</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Khul" title="Khul">Khul</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Li%27an" title="Li'an">Li'an</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nikah_Misyar" title="Nikah Misyar">Nikah Misyar</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Nafaqa" title="Nafaqa">Nafaqa</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zina" title="Zina">Zina</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Straffrätt</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Tazir" title="Tazir">Tazir</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hudud" title="Hudud">Hudud</a> (grundstraff)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Qisas" title="Qisas">Qisas</a> (blodshämnd)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Zina" title="Zina">Zina</a> (otukt)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirabah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirabah [inte skriven än]">Hirabah</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Etikett (<a href="/wiki/Adab" title="Adab">Adab</a>)</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/As-salamu_alaykum" title="As-salamu alaykum">As-salamu alaykum</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Insha%27Allah" title="Insha'Allah">Insha'Allah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hijab" title="Hijab">Hijab</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Niqab" title="Niqab">Niqab</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Salla_Allahu_%CA%BFalayhi_wa_sallam" title="Salla Allahu ʿalayhi wa sallam">SAW</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Teologisk rätt</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Salah</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sawm" title="Sawm">Sawm</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Pilgrimsfärd</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Umra" title="Umra">Umra</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Hygien</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Wudu_(islam)" title="Wudu (islam)">Wudu</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ghusl" title="Ghusl">Ghusl</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tayammum" title="Tayammum">Tayammum</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <b>Kosthållning:</b> <a href="/wiki/Halal" title="Halal">Halal</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Haram" title="Haram">Haram</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Najis" title="Najis">Najis</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Militärrätt</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Titlar & funktionärer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama">‘Âlim (pl. ‘Ulamā’)</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mufti" title="Mufti">Mufti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Qadi" title="Qadi">Qadi</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Faqih" title="Faqih">Faqih</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mulla" title="Mulla">Mulla</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Imam" title="Imam">Imam</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Schejk" title="Schejk">Schejk</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Maulana" title="Maulana">Maulana</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Muhtasib_och_Hisba" title="Muhtasib och Hisba">Muhtasib och Hisba</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hakam" title="Hakam">Hakam</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sayyid" title="Sayyid">Sayyid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Vali" title="Vali">Vali</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ijtihad" title="Ijtihad">Mujtahid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Ayatolla" title="Ayatolla">Ayatolla</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Marja%27_al-taqlid" title="Marja' al-taqlid">Marja' al-taqlid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Kalif" title="Kalif">Kalif</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Taqlid" title="Taqlid">Muqallid</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Hajji" title="Hajji">Hajji</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Aktuella initiativ</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#f7fdf7;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ammanbudskapet" title="Ammanbudskapet">Ammanbudskapet</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;;">Övrigt</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;background-color:#ffffff;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hiyal" title="Hiyal">Hiyal</a><span 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