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href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking&action=edit&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" data-event-name="menu.edit" data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a></li> </ul> </nav> <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> This article is about a ranking of American institutions. For the worldwide ranking, see <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Global_Universities_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking">U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking</a>. </div> U.S. News & World Report Best Colleges Ranking is an annual set of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/College_and_university_rankings_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="College and university rankings in the United States">rankings of colleges and universities in the United States</a>, which was first published by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a> in 1983. It has been described as the most influential institutional ranking in the country. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/File:US_News_College.jpg?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="2022 Best Colleges magazine cover" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2e/US_News_College.jpg/220px-US_News_College.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="303" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/2/2e/US_News_College.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="269" data-file-height="371"></a> <figcaption> The cover of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a>'s 2022 "Best Colleges Ranking" magazine </figcaption> </figure> The Best Colleges rankings have raised controversy, and they <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Criticism_of_college_and_university_rankings_(North_America)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Criticism of college and university rankings (North America)">have been denounced</a> by several education experts.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-1">[1]</a> Detractors argue that they rely on self-reported, sometimes fraudulent data by the institutions,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-2">[2]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-3">[3]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:3-4">[4]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:4-5">[5]</a> encourage <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gamesmanship?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gamesmanship">gamesmanship</a> by institutions looking to improve their rank,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-TSL_rankings-6">[6]</a> imply a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/False_precision?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="False precision">false precision</a> by deriving an ordinal ranking from questionable data,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WaPo_ridiculous-7">[7]</a> contribute to the admissions frenzy by unduly highlighting prestige,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IHE_rankings-8">[8]</a> and ignore individual fit by comparing institutions with widely diverging missions on the same scale.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Gladwell_NYer-9">[9]</a> In 2022, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Columbia_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> was lowered from second to 18th in the rankings<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-10">[10]</a> after a report by Columbia University mathematics professor <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michael_Thaddeus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michael Thaddeus">Michael Thaddeus</a>, which revealed that Columbia University misreported data to U.S. News & World Report. The remaining "national universities" were not renumbered.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Methodology">1 Methodology</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#2024%E2%80%9325_rankings">2 2024–25 rankings</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Reception">3 Reception</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Criticism">3.1 Criticism</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#See_also">4 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#References">5 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Further_reading">6 Further reading</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#External_links">7 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <h2 id="Methodology">Methodology</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Methodology" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> In 2023, U.S. News & World Report ranked nearly 1,500 universities and colleges.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:6-12">[12]</a> The following are the elements used in the National University rankings in the 2023 edition:<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:6-12">[12]</a> <ul> <li>"Outcomes" (52%): <ul> <li>Graduation and retention rates (21%): the proportion of each entering class earning a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Academic_degree?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Academic degree">degree</a> in six years or less (16%), and the proportion of first-year entering students who returned the following fall (5%)</li> <li>Graduation rate performance (10%): actual six-year graduation rates compared with predictions for the fall 2014 entering class</li> <li>Social mobility (11%): how well schools graduated students who received federal <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pell_Grant?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pell Grant">Pell Grants</a> (6%), and graduation rates and performance of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/First-generation_college_students_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="First-generation college students in the United States">first generation students</a> (5%)</li> <li>Graduate indebtedness (5%): typical average accumulated federal loan debt by student borrowers</li> <li>College Graduate Earning Potential (5%): amount of college graduates with federal loans 4 years after graduating are earning more than a typical high school graduate</li> </ul></li> <li>"Faculty resources" (11%): <ul> <li>Faculty salary (6%)</li> <li>Student-faculty ratio (3%)</li> <li>Proportion of faculty who are full time (2%)</li> </ul></li> <li>"Expert opinion" (20%): presidents, provosts and deans of admissions rate the academic quality of peer institutions with which they are familiar on a scale of 1 (marginal) to 5 (distinguished)</li> <li>"Financial resources" (8%): the average per-student spending on instruction, research, student services and related educational expenditures</li> <li>"Student selectivity" (5%): the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Standardized_test?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Standardized test">standardized test</a> scores of admitted students and the proportion of admitted students in upper percentiles of their <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/High_school?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="High school">high school</a> class</li> <li>"Faculty Research" (4%): Amount of citations to papers and research attributed to faculty while employed at the college</li> </ul> The publication is split into four categories: National Universities, Liberal Arts Colleges, Regional Universities, and Regional Colleges, with the latter two categories further split into North, South, Midwest, and West.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-morse-wapo-profile-13">[13]</a> A 2014 study published in Research in Higher Education removed the mystique of the U.S. News ranking process by producing a ranking model that faithfully recreated U.S. News outcomes and quantified the inherent "noise" in the rankings for all nationally ranked universities.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:7-14">[14]</a> The model developed provided detailed insight into the U.S. News ranking process. It allowed the impact of changes to U.S. News sub factors to be studied when variation between universities and within sub factors was present. Numerous simulations were run using this model to understand the amount of change required for a university to improve its rank or move into the top 20. Results show that for a university ranked in the mid-30s it would take a significant amount of additional resources, directed in a very focused way, to become a top-ranked national university, and that rank changes of up to +/− 4 points should be considered "noise".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:7-14">[14]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <h2 id="2024–25_rankings">2024–25 rankings</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: 2024–25 rankings" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_%26_World_Report?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="U.S. News & World Report">U.S. News & World Report</a> named <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Princeton_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Princeton University">Princeton University</a> as the highest ranked university, using criteria including degree offerings at undergraduate and graduate levels and research output.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-nationalu-15">[15]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Reception" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> For their 2014 release day, usnews.com garnered 2.6 million unique visitors and 18.9 million page views.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-minonline-16">[16]</a>[<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers">needs update</a>] Studies show that the U.S. News ranking influences college applications: <ul> <li>A <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Michigan?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a> study from 2010 found that university rankings in the United States significantly affect institutions' applications and admissions.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-umich.edu-17">[17]</a> The research analyzed the effects of the U.S. News & World Report rankings, showing a lasting effect on college applications and admissions by students in the top 10% of their class.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-umich.edu-17">[17]</a> In addition, they found that rankings influence survey assessments of reputation by college presidents at peer institutions, such that rankings and reputation are becoming much more similar over time.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-umich2.edu-18">[18]</a></li> <li>A 2011 study by Leadership and Management found that a one-rank improvement led to a 0.9% increase in the number of applicants.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:5-19">[19]</a></li> </ul> Some universities have made it a specific goal to reach a particular level in the U.S. News & World Report rankings:<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-20">[20]</a> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Clemson_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Clemson University">Clemson University</a>'s president <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/James_Frazier_Barker?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="James Frazier Barker">James Frazier Barker</a> made it a public goal in 2001 to rise to a top 20 public university in the U.S. News & World Report rankings, and made specific changes, including reducing class size and altering the presentation of teacher salaries, in an effort to perform better in the publication's statistical rankings.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-21">[21]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Arizona_State_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Arizona State University">Arizona State University</a> in 2007 tied the university president's pay to an increase in the school's placement in the U.S. News rankings.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-22">[22]</a></li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Belmont_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Belmont University">Belmont University</a> president <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Robert_Fisher_(university_president)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Robert Fisher (university president)">Robert Fisher</a> stated in 2010, "Rising to the Top 5 in U.S. News represents a key element of Belmont's Vision 2015 plan."<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-23">[23]</a></li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"> <h3 id="Criticism">Criticism</h3> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Criticism" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"> Further information: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Criticism_of_college_and_university_rankings_(North_America)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Criticism of college and university rankings (North America)">Criticism of college and university rankings (North America)</a> </div> During the 1990s, several educational institutions in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States">United States</a> were involved in a movement to boycott the U.S. News & World Report college rankings survey. The first was <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reed_College?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reed College">Reed College</a>, which stopped submitting the survey in 1995. The survey was also criticized by <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alma_College?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alma College">Alma College</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stanford_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/St._John%27s_College_(Annapolis/Santa_Fe)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="St. John's College (Annapolis/Santa Fe)">St. John's College</a> during the late 1990s.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/SAT_scores?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="SAT scores">SAT scores</a> play a role in the U.S. News & World Report college rankings even though U.S. News is not empowered with the ability to formally verify or recalculate the scores that are represented to them by schools. Since the mid-1990s there have been many instances documented by the popular press wherein schools lied about their SAT scores in order to obtain a higher ranking.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-25">[25]</a> An exposé in the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a> reported that the elements in the methodology of U.S. News & World Report are redundant and are driven by financial incentives.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-26">[26]</a> In 2000, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Opinion_Research_Center?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="National Opinion Research Center">National Opinion Research Center</a> reviewed the methodology, and stated that the weights "lack any defensible empirical or theoretical basis".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-27">[27]</a> A New York Times article in 2003 likewise reported that, given the U.S. News weighting methodology, "it's easy to guess who's going to end up on top: the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Big_Three_(colleges)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Big Three (colleges)">Big Three</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harvard_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harvard University">Harvard</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yale_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yale University">Yale</a>, and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Princeton_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Princeton University">Princeton</a> round out the first three essentially every year. When asked how he knew his system was sound, Mel Elfin, the rankings' founder, often answered that he knew it because those three schools always landed on top. When a new lead statistician, Amy Graham, changed the formula in 1999 to one she considered more statistically valid, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a> jumped to first place. Ms. Graham soon left, and a modified system pushed Princeton back to No. 1 the next year."<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-28">[28]</a> On June 19, 2007, during the annual meeting of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Annapolis_Group?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Annapolis Group">Annapolis Group</a>, members discussed <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Criticism_of_college_and_university_rankings_(2007_United_States)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Presidents_Letter" class="mw-redirect" title="Criticism of college and university rankings (2007 United States)">the letter to college presidents</a> asking them not to participate in the "reputation survey" section of the U.S. News & World Report survey, which comprises 25% of the ranking. As a result, "a majority of the approximately 80 presidents at the meeting said that they did not intend to participate in the U.S. News reputational rankings in the future".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-29">[29]</a> The statement also said that its members "have agreed to participate in the development of an alternative common format that presents information about their colleges for students and their families to use in the college search process".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-30">[30]</a> This database will be web-based and developed in conjunction with higher-education organizations, including the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/National_Association_of_Independent_Colleges_and_Universities?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities">National Association of Independent Colleges and Universities</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Council_of_Independent_Colleges?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Council of Independent Colleges">Council of Independent Colleges</a>. On June 22, 2007, U.S. News & World Report editor Robert Morse issued a response in which he argued, "in terms of the peer assessment survey, we at U.S. News firmly believe the survey has significant value because it allows us to measure the 'intangibles' of a college that we can't measure through statistical data. Plus, the reputation of a school can help get that all-important first job and plays a key part in which grad school someone will be able to get into. The peer survey is by nature subjective, but the technique of asking industry leaders to rate their competitors is a commonly accepted practice. The results from the peer survey also can act to level the playing field between private and public colleges".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-aboutanna-31">[31]</a> In reference to the alternative database discussed by the Annapolis Group, Morse also argued, "It's important to point out that the Annapolis Group's stated goal of presenting college data in a common format has been tried before ... U.S. News has been supplying this exact college information for many years already. And it appears that NAICU will be doing it with significantly less comparability and functionality. U.S. News first collects all these data (using an agreed-upon set of definitions from the Common Data Set). Then we post the data on our website in easily accessible, comparable tables. In other words, the Annapolis Group and the others in the NAICU initiative actually are following the lead of U.S. News".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-aboutanna-31">[31]</a> The question of college rankings and their impact on admissions gained greater attention in March 2007, when <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sarah_Lawrence_College?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sarah Lawrence College">Sarah Lawrence College</a> outgoing president Michele Tolela Myers, wrote an op-ed<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Tolela_Myers-32">[32]</a> that U.S. News & World Report, when not given SAT scores for a university, chooses to simply rank the college with an invented SAT score of approximately one standard deviation, which she estimated was roughly 200 SAT points behind those of peer colleges, reasoning that <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liberal_arts_colleges_in_the_United_States?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#SAT_optional_movement" title="Liberal arts colleges in the United States">SAT-optional</a> universities will, because of their test-optional nature, accept higher numbers of less academically capable students. Some higher education experts, such as Kevin Carey of Education Sector, have asserted that U.S. News & World Report's college rankings system is merely a list of criteria that mirrors the superficial characteristics of elite colleges and universities. According to Carey, the U.S. News ranking system is deeply flawed. Instead of focusing on the fundamental issues of how well colleges and universities educate their students and how well they prepare them to be successful after college, the magazine's rankings are almost entirely a function of three factors: fame, wealth, and exclusivity. He suggests that there are more important characteristics parents and students should research to select colleges, such as how well students are learning and how likely students are to earn a degree.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-33">[33]</a> In a 2011 article on the Sarah Lawrence controversy, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Peter_Sacks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Sacks">Peter Sacks</a> of <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_Huffington_Post?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a> criticized the U.S. News rankings' centering on test scores and denounced the magazine's "best colleges" list as a scam:<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-34">[34]</a> <blockquote> In the U.S. News worldview of college quality, it matters not a bit what students actually learn on campus, or how a college actually contributes to the intellectual, ethical and personal growth of students while on campus, or how that institution contributes to the public good...and then, when you consider that student SAT scores are profoundly correlated [to] parental income and education levels – the social class that a child is born into and grows up with – you begin to understand what a corrupt emperor 'America's Best Colleges' really is. The ranking amounts to little more than a pseudo-scientific and yet popularly legitimate tool for perpetuating inequality between educational haves and have nots – the rich families from the poor ones, and the well-endowed schools from the poorly endowed ones. </blockquote> The U.S. News college rankings are widely denounced by many higher education experts.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:0-1">[1]</a> Detractors argue that they rely on self-reported, sometimes fraudulent data by the institutions,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:1-2">[2]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:2-3">[3]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:3-4">[4]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-:4-5">[5]</a> encourage <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gamesmanship?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gamesmanship">gamesmanship</a> by institutions looking to improve their rank,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-TSL_rankings-6">[6]</a> imply a <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/False_precision?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="False precision">false precision</a> by deriving an ordinal ranking from questionable data,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-WaPo_ridiculous-7">[7]</a> contribute to the admissions frenzy by unduly highlighting prestige,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-IHE_rankings-8">[8]</a> and ignore individual fit by comparing institutions with widely diverging missions on the same scale.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Gladwell_NYer-9">[9]</a> In 2022, a professor challenged the validity of the rankings saying that he was unable to replicate the results when examining the data.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-35">[35]</a> In 2022, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Education?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="United States Secretary of Education">U.S. Secretary of Education</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Miguel_Cardona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Miguel Cardona">Miguel Cardona</a> declared ranking systems akin to U.S. News to be "a joke."<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Speaking at a Spring 2023 conference organized by Yale and Harvard Law Schools, amidst a backlash over the influential law school rankings; Cardona stated that they have "created an unhealthy obsession with selectivity" and that “We need a culture change".<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Also in 2022, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Yale_Law_School?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Yale Law School">Yale Law School</a>, ranked at the top of the U.S. News & World Report Best Law Schools rankings since the publication's 1990 launch, announced that it was withdrawing its participation. The school's dean said "The U.S. News rankings were profoundly flawed. Its approach not only fails to advance the legal profession, but stands squarely in the way of progress."<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harvard_Law_School?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harvard Law School">Harvard Law School</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-39">[39]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UC_Berkeley_School_of_Law?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="UC Berkeley School of Law">UC Berkeley School of Law</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-40">[40]</a> quickly followed suit. Subsequently, law schools at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Georgetown_University_Law_Center?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Georgetown University Law Center">Georgetown</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Columbia_Law_School?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Columbia Law School">Columbia</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stanford_Law_School?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stanford Law School">Stanford</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-41">[41]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Michigan_Law_School?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Michigan Law School">University of Michigan</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Duke_University_School_of_Law?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Duke University School of Law">Duke</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Northwestern_University_Pritzker_School_of_Law?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law">Northwestern</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/UCLA_School_of_Law?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="UCLA School of Law">UCLA</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_California,_Irvine_School_of_Law?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of California, Irvine School of Law">UC Irvine</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-43">[43]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_California,_Davis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of California, Davis">UC Davis</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-44">[44]</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Pennsylvania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/University_of_Washington?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="University of Washington">University of Washington</a>,<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-45">[45]</a> and <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/New_York_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="New York University">New York University</a> also withdrew from the rankings, citing similar reasoning.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-46">[46]</a> Yale spawning a boycott of its rankings system<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-Stripling-47">[47]</a> did not diminish its U.S. News ranking in 2023.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-48">[48]</a> As of 2023, few undergraduate schools had joined the graduate school exodus that followed Yale's 2022 withdrawal. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/The_New_York_Times?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> reported in September 2023 that the status quo reflects a "psychic hold that the rankings have on American higher education, even for the country’s most renowned schools... an easy way to reach and enchant possible applicants..."<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Changes to the ranking system, in 2023, following a U.S. News "listening tour" of schools, engaged its critics, which the publication failed to impress with any meaningful reforms.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-50">[50]</a> In January 2023, medical schools at <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Harvard_Medical_School?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Harvard Medical School">Harvard</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Stanford_University_School_of_Medicine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Stanford University School of Medicine">Stanford</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Columbia_University_Vagelos_College_of_Physicians_and_Surgeons?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons">Columbia</a>, the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Perelman_School_of_Medicine_at_the_University_of_Pennsylvania?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania">University of Pennsylvania</a> and the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Icahn_School_of_Medicine_at_Mount_Sinai?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai">Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai</a> all announced that they would withdraw their cooperation from the U.S. News & World Report rankings as well.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-52">[52]</a> In June 2023, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Columbia_University?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> announced their undergraduate schools would no longer participate, following the lead of its law, medical, and nursing schools. A press release cited concerns that such rankings unduly influence applicants and "distill a university’s profile into a composite of data categories." Its undergraduate program had dropped from second to 18th place in the 2022-2023 rankings after February 2022 revelations by Columbia professor <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Michael_Thaddeus?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Michael Thaddeus">Michael Thaddeus</a><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-53">[53]</a> that the university had submitted faulty data.<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-54">[54]</a> The changes to the rankings factors, released with the 2023-24 edition, were criticized as evidence of unreliable methodology. Ted Mitchell, president of the <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/American_Council_on_Education?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="American Council on Education">American Council on Education</a>, declared the many examples of abruptly altered results in its 2023 college rankings as "yet more evidence that rankings are not and never have been reliable indicators of quality."<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-55">[55]</a> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/America%27s_Top_Colleges?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="America's Top Colleges">America's Top Colleges</a>, <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Forbes_(magazine)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Forbes (magazine)">Forbes</a>' annual ranking of top colleges</li> <li><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Fiske_Guide_to_Colleges?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Fiske Guide to Colleges">Fiske Guide to Colleges</a>, the most popular non-ranking college guide in the U.S.</li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style> <div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1">^ <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_1-0">a</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-:0_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved January 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Stanford%2C+Columbia%2C+Penn+Medical+Schools+Expand+the+Exodus+From+U.S.+News+Ranking&rft.date=2023-01-24&rft.aulast=Korn&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2Fstanford-medical-school-withdraws-from-u-s-news-ranking-expanding-exodus-11674566598&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+News+%26+World+Report+Best+Colleges+Ranking" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2023/us-news-medical-school-rankings">"U.S. News Medical School Rankings"</a> (Press release). 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January 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=U.S.+News+Medical+School+Rankings&rft.pub=Icahn+School+of+Medicine+at+Mount+Sinai&rft.date=2023-01-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mountsinai.org%2Fabout%2Fnewsroom%2F2023%2Fus-news-medical-school-rankings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+News+%26+World+Report+Best+Colleges+Ranking" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHartocollis2022" class="citation news cs1">Hartocollis, Anemona (March 17, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/17/us/columbia-university-rank.html">"U.S. News Ranked Columbia No. 2, but a Math Professor Has His Doubts"</a>. The New York Times. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved July 5, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=U.S.+News+Ranked+Columbia+No.+2%2C+but+a+Math+Professor+Has+His+Doubts&rft.date=2022-03-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Hartocollis&rft.aufirst=Anemona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F03%2F17%2Fus%2Fcolumbia-university-rank.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+News+%26+World+Report+Best+Colleges+Ranking" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMueller2023" class="citation web cs1">Mueller, Julia (June 7, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://thehill.com/homenews/education/4038410-columbia-university-no-longer-submitting-data-to-us-news-ranking/">"Columbia University no longer submitting data to US News college ranking"</a>. The Hill. Retrieved June 7, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hill&rft.atitle=Columbia+University+no+longer+submitting+data+to+US+News+college+ranking&rft.date=2023-06-07&rft.aulast=Mueller&rft.aufirst=Julia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthehill.com%2Fhomenews%2Feducation%2F4038410-columbia-university-no-longer-submitting-data-to-us-news-ranking%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+News+%26+World+Report+Best+Colleges+Ranking" class="Z3988"></li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/U.S._News_&_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-55">^</a> Anderson, Nick <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.washingtonpost.com/education/2023/09/18/us-news-college-rankings-methodology-changes/">"U.S. News college rankings are scrambled as its formula changes"</a> The Washington Post, September 18, 2023. Retrieved February 16, 2024.</li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul> <li> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiver2022" class="citation book cs1"><a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Colin_Diver?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Colin Diver">Diver, Colin S.</a> (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.press.jhu.edu/books/title/12413/breaking-ranks">Breaking Ranks: How the Rankings Industry Rules Higher Education and What to Do about It</a>. Baltimore, MD: <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_University_Press?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Johns Hopkins University Press">Johns Hopkins University Press</a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781421443058?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Special:BookSources/9781421443058"><bdi>9781421443058</bdi></a>. <a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1246674491">1246674491</a>. Retrieved May 7, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Breaking+Ranks%3A+How+the+Rankings+Industry+Rules+Higher+Education+and+What+to+Do+about+It&rft.place=Baltimore%2C+MD&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1246674491&rft.isbn=9781421443058&rft.aulast=Diver&rft.aufirst=Colin+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.press.jhu.edu%2Fbooks%2Ftitle%2F12413%2Fbreaking-ranks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AU.S.+News+%26+World+Report+Best+Colleges+Ranking" class="Z3988"></li> </ul> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=U.S._News_%26_World_Report_Best_Colleges_Ranking&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.usnews.com/best-colleges">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705191311/https://publicuniversityhonors.com/2016/09/18/average-u-s-news-rankings-for-126-universities-2010-1017/">2015–2022 U.S. News Best Colleges Ranking for National Universities – Public University Honors</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20220323201643/https://publicuniversityhonors.com/2015/06/13/u-s-news-national-university-rankings-2008-present/">2008–2015 U.S. News Best Colleges Ranking for National Universities – Public University Honors</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705192135/https://publicuniversityhonors.com/2017/09/13/u-s-news-rankings-for-57-leading-universities-1983-2007/">1983–2007 U.S. News Best Colleges Ranking for National Universities – Public University Honors</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20070611150152/http://mup.asu.edu/usnewsranking.xls">Compiled List of Rankings from 1991–2001</a> (<a href="https://en-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Microsoft_Excel?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Microsoft Excel">Excel</a> document)</li> </ul> <div class="navbox-styles"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": 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