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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Placido+Mapa+Jr.%22">"Placido Mapa Jr."</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Placido+Mapa+Jr.%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Placido+Mapa+Jr.%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Placido+Mapa+Jr.%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Placido+Mapa+Jr.%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Placido+Mapa+Jr.%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Placido L. Mapa Jr.</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">2nd <a href="/wiki/National_Economic_and_Development_Authority" title="National Economic and Development Authority">Director-General of the National Economic and Development Authority<br /><small>Concurrently Minister of Economic Planning</small></a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1981–1983</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Marcos" title="Ferdinand Marcos">Ferdinand Marcos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Gerardo Sicat</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cesar_Virata" title="Cesar Virata">Cesar Virata</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1932-06-24</span>)</span>June 24, 1932<br /><a href="/wiki/Talisay,_Negros_Occidental" title="Talisay, Negros Occidental">Talisay, Negros Occidental</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">May 5, 2019<span style="display:none">(2019-05-05)</span> (aged 86)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ateneo_de_Manila_University" title="Ateneo de Manila University">Ateneo de Manila University</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Banker<br />businessman</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data">Economist</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Placido "Cidito" Ledesma Mapa Jr.</b> (June 24, 1932 – May 5, 2019) a Filipino businessman, economist, and government official best known for having served as the second head of the <a href="/wiki/National_Economic_and_Development_Authority" title="National Economic and Development Authority">National Economic and Development Authority</a> (NEDA), which is the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>' highest economic and development planning body. He was once governor of the <a href="/wiki/Development_Bank_of_the_Philippines" title="Development Bank of the Philippines">Development Bank of the Philippines</a> (DBP). Between the years 1970-1980 he also held the positions of Alternate Executive Director for the Philippines of the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> and Executive Director of World Bank.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was President of the Philippine Economic Society from 1965 to 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He served Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company (<a href="/wiki/Metrobank_(Philippines)" title="Metrobank (Philippines)">Metrobank</a>) for over 30 years in various capacities including President and vice-chairman. During his stint with Metrobank, he was also President of the Bankers Association of the Philippines. He was also the President of the Metrobank Foundation, Inc.,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and chairperson of the Board of Advisers of Metrobank. </p><p>Mapa Jr. was the Founding Chairman of the Board of the Center for Research and Communication (CRC), and of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Asia_and_the_Pacific" title="University of Asia and the Pacific">University of Asia and the Pacific</a> which evolved from it.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mapa was also Founding Chairman of Parents for Education Foundation or PAREF. The educational philosophy of PAREF Schools is inspired by the teachings of St. Josemaria Escriva on two main ideas – (1) integral education; and (2) parents as the primary educators of their children. PAREF originally started with two schools in Muntinlupa, PAREF Woodrose for girls and PAREF Southridge for boys. To date, PAREF now has 17 schools nationwide. </p><p>He was a son of Placido Mapa Sr. who served as Mayor of Baguio City, President of Rehabilitation Finance Corp (RFC), the predecessor of Development Bank of the Philippines and founding President of Metrobank. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placido_Mapa_Jr.&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mapa attended high school in De La Salle Manila (1951), obtained his A.B. from the <a href="/wiki/Ateneo_de_Manila_University" title="Ateneo de Manila University">Ateneo de Manila University</a>, his M.A. from St. Louis University, and his PhD in economics from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Massachusetts" title="Cambridge, Massachusetts">Cambridge, Massachusetts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.dlsaa.com/honors-and-awards/awardees/mapa-placido-l-jr">https://www.dlsaa.com/honors-and-awards/awardees/mapa-placido-l-jr</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opus_Dei">Opus Dei</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placido_Mapa_Jr.&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Opus Dei"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It was at Harvard that Mapa first encountered and joined <a href="/wiki/Opus_Dei" title="Opus Dei">Opus Dei</a>, becoming its first Filipino supernumerary member.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He invited <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Villegas" title="Bernardo Villegas">Bernardo Villegas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Estanislao" title="Jesus Estanislao">Jesus Estanislao</a>, who were also studying in Harvard at the time, to the organization. Upon returning to the Philippines, they became the key figures in the establishment of Opus Dei's apostolate in the Philippines.<sup id="cite_ref-OpusDei50yrs_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OpusDei50yrs-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mapa has been included in the list of candidates for sainthood </p><p><a class="external free" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Opus_Dei_saints_and_beatified_people#Candidates_for_sainthood">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Opus_Dei_saints_and_beatified_people#Candidates_for_sainthood</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career">Early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placido_Mapa_Jr.&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After graduating from Harvard in 1962, Mapa briefly served in the private sector, working for the National City Bank of New York, which would later be renamed Citibank. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Entering_government_service">Entering government service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placido_Mapa_Jr.&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Entering government service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1964, Mapa was recruited by President <a href="/wiki/Diosdado_Macapagal" title="Diosdado Macapagal">Diosdado Macapagal</a> in 1964 to serve as Deputy Director General for the Program Implementation Agency (PIA), an advisory group Macapagal created to support the economic work of the Office of the President.<sup id="cite_ref-dlsaa_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlsaa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidential_Economic_staff">Presidential Economic staff</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placido_Mapa_Jr.&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Presidential Economic staff"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A year later, Macapagal was defeated by Ferdinand Marcos in the <a href="/wiki/1965_Philippine_Presidential_Election" class="mw-redirect" title="1965 Philippine Presidential Election">1965 Philippine Presidential Election</a>. One of Marcos' early strategies for was to surround himself with US-trained economists, projecting his administration as young, modern, and professional.<sup id="cite_ref-Kasaysayan9ch10_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kasaysayan9ch10-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along those lines, the new president retained Mapa as deputy at the PIS, despite having been a Macapagal appointee. Marcos then elevated Mapa Director General when he renamed the PIS as the Presidential Economic Staff (PES).<sup id="cite_ref-dlsaa_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlsaa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Placed under him as deputies were <a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Melchor" title="Alejandro Melchor">Alejandro Melchor</a>, whom Marcos would later appoint as executive secretary, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cesar_Zalamea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cesar Zalamea (page does not exist)">Cesar Zalamea</a> who would later serve as DBP chair.<sup id="cite_ref-sicatcabinet_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sicatcabinet-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="DBP,_IMF,_NEDA_and_PNB"><span id="DBP.2C_IMF.2C_NEDA_and_PNB"></span>DBP, IMF, NEDA and PNB</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placido_Mapa_Jr.&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: DBP, IMF, NEDA and PNB"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mapa briefly rejoined the private sector in 1974, taking up a post as general manager of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_Commercial_%26_Industrial_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Philippine Commercial & Industrial Bank">Philippine Commercial & Industrial Bank</a>, and then as president of the Philippine Foreign Loan & Guarantee Corporation. </p><p>In 1977, he was also appointed chairman of the board of the <a href="/wiki/Development_Bank_of_the_Philippines" title="Development Bank of the Philippines">Development Bank of the Philippines</a> (DBP).<sup id="cite_ref-dlsaa_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlsaa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He then moved to Washington D.C. to serve in the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dlsaa_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlsaa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1981, Marcos once again tapped Mapa's services – this time to head the NEDA (National Economic & Development Authority) as its second Director General, after <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerardo_Sicat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerardo Sicat (page does not exist)">Gerardo Sicat</a>. </p><p>He served until 1983 when he was appointed President of the <a href="/wiki/Philippine_National_Bank" title="Philippine National Bank">Philippine National Bank</a>. As President of PNB, he was also a member of the Monetary Board. Mapa's post at the NEDA was reassigned to <a href="/wiki/Cesar_Virata" title="Cesar Virata">Cesar Virata</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dlsaa_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dlsaa-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sicatcabinet_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sicatcabinet-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Metrobank">Metrobank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placido_Mapa_Jr.&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Metrobank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After 1986, Mapa continued to serve in the banking sector.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was President of Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company (Metrobank) from 1989 to 1991, Vice chairman from 1992 to 2005, Chairman of the Metrobank Board of Advisers from 2006 to 2009 and Senior Adviser from 2010 to 2019. </p><p>Founded on September 5, 1962, Metropolitan Bank & Trust Co. (Metrobank) has since become the premier universal bank and among the foremost financial institutions in the Philippines. Mapa's father, Placido Mapa Sr. was the founding President of Metrobank. The Bank offers a full range of banking and other financial products and services, including corporate, commercial and consumer banking, as well as credit card, remittances, leasing, investment banking and trust banking. It established Metrobank Foundation, Inc. in 1979, putting emphasis on both business success and community contribution. The Foundation has since become one of the largest and most respected charitable organizations in Asia. </p><p>Mapa also served as President of Metrobank Foundation, Inc. and also became a Senior Adviser to the Foundation. </p><p>During his stint in Metrobank, he was also concurrently President of the Bankers Association of the Philippines (BAP) from 2000 to 2001 and eventually became a Member of the Advisory Council of the BAP. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placido_Mapa_Jr.&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2019, the University of Asia and the Pacific, on whose board Mapa sat as Chair, reported that he had died May 5, 2019. </p><p>Mapa's death was also reported by Gerardo Sicat in his column in Philippine Star on May 8, 2019 </p><p>A testimonial was also published in the UA&P website </p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://universitas.uap.asia/articles/placido-ledesma-mapa-jr/">https://universitas.uap.asia/articles/placido-ledesma-mapa-jr/</a> </p><p>He is survived by his wife Ma. Corazon Tinio Mapa, his nine children and three grandchildren. </p><p>In 2022, the UA&P established the Dr. Placido L. Mapa, Jr. Scholarship Endowment. In 2023, UA&P signed a Memorandum of Agreement with GT Foundation and Metrobank Foundation , recognizing both foundations as Platinum donors to the Dr. Placido L. Mapa, Jr. Scholarship Endowment. </p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://uap.asia/news/uap-establishes-dr-placido-l-mapa-jr-scholarship-endowment">https://uap.asia/news/uap-establishes-dr-placido-l-mapa-jr-scholarship-endowment</a> </p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.mbfoundation.org.ph/2023/03/06/gt-foundation-and-metrobank-foundation-joint-donation-for-dr-placido-l-mapa-jr-scholarship-endowment/">https://www.mbfoundation.org.ph/2023/03/06/gt-foundation-and-metrobank-foundation-joint-donation-for-dr-placido-l-mapa-jr-scholarship-endowment/</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placido_Mapa_Jr.&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K7pxaVH9O7gC&pg=PA216">Annual Report of the Executive Board for the Financial Year Ended April 30, 1981.</a></i>, p. 216, at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opusdei.org/en-ph/article/placido-l-mapa-jr-june-4-1932-to-may-5-2019/">"Placido L. Mapa, Jr. (June 24, 1932 to May 5, 2019)"</a>. Opus deI<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 14,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Placido+L.+Mapa%2C+Jr.+%28June+24%2C+1932+to+May+5%2C+2019%29&rft.pub=Opus+deI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopusdei.org%2Fen-ph%2Farticle%2Fplacido-l-mapa-jr-june-4-1932-to-may-5-2019%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlacido+Mapa+Jr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=11502833&ticker=MBT:PM&previousCapId=723672&previousTitle=ASIAN%20TERMINALS%20INC">"Stocks"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stocks&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finvesting.businessweek.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fpeople%2Fperson.asp%3FpersonId%3D11502833%26ticker%3DMBT%3APM%26previousCapId%3D723672%26previousTitle%3DASIAN%2520TERMINALS%2520INC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlacido+Mapa+Jr." class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2023">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVillegas2017" class="citation news cs1">Villegas, Bernardo M. (August 10, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://business.mb.com.ph/2017/05/07/building-the-institution-of-crc-uap-part-i">"Building the institution of CRC-UA&P (Part I)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Manila_Bulletin" title="Manila Bulletin">Manila Bulletin</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170810160142/https://business.mb.com.ph/2017/05/07/building-the-institution-of-crc-uap-part-i/">Archived</a> from the original on August 10, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manila+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Building+the+institution+of+CRC-UA%26P+%28Part+I%29&rft.date=2017-08-10&rft.aulast=Villegas&rft.aufirst=Bernardo+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusiness.mb.com.ph%2F2017%2F05%2F07%2Fbuilding-the-institution-of-crc-uap-part-i&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlacido+Mapa+Jr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph:9000/shares/finders/NL03/NLPNLBK18585fd/117.pdf">http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph:9000/shares/finders/NL03/NLPNLBK18585fd/117.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (March 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEstanislao2019" class="citation web cs1">Estanislao, Jesus (May 12, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opusdei.org/en-ph/article/placido-l-mapa-jr-june-4-1932-to-may-5-2019/">"Placido L. Mapa, Jr. (June 24, 1932 to May 5, 2019)"</a>. <i>opusdei.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190604011444/https://opusdei.org/en-ph/article/placido-l-mapa-jr-june-4-1932-to-may-5-2019/">Archived</a> from the original on June 4, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 7,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dlsaa.com&rft.atitle=Awardee+Profile%3A+Mapa%2C+Placido+L.+Jr.&rft.date=2015-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dlsaa.com%2Fhonors-and-awards%2Fawardees%2Fmapa-placido-l-jr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlacido+Mapa+Jr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kasaysayan9ch10-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kasaysayan9ch10_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagno1998" class="citation book cs1">Magno, Alexander R., ed. (1998). "Democracy at the Crossroads". <i>Kasaysayan, The Story of the Filipino People Volume 9:A Nation Reborn</i>. 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September 22, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAST+FACTS%3A+The+Marcos+Cabinet&rft.date=2013-09-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rappler.com%2Fnewsbreak%2Ffast-facts%2F39562-fast-facts-marcos-cabinet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlacido+Mapa+Jr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Placido_Mapa_Jr.&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph:9000/shares/finders/NL03/NLPNLBK18585fd/117.pdf">Profile of Dr. Placido L. Mapa, Jr.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orosa.org/TOYM%20List%20of%20Awardees%20-%20Ramon%20S.%20Orosa,%201971.htm">Ten Outstanding Young Men (TOYM) Awardees</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerardo_Sicat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerardo Sicat (page does not exist)">Gerardo Sicat</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/National_Economic_and_Development_Authority" title="National Economic and Development Authority">Director-General of the National Economic and Development Authority</a> </b><br />1981–1983 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Cesar_Virata" title="Cesar Virata">Cesar Virata</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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