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prepositional adverbs subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Prepositions_and_prepositional_adverbs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-IN,_BINNEN" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IN,_BINNEN"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span><i><b>IN, BINNEN</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IN,_BINNEN-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-UIT,_BUITEN" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UIT,_BUITEN"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span><i><b>UIT, BUITEN</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UIT,_BUITEN-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-DOOR" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#DOOR"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span><i><b>DOOR</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-DOOR-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BIJ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BIJ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span><i><b>BIJ</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BIJ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-OP" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#OP"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span><i><b>OP</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-OP-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NAAST" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NAAST"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span><i><b>NAAST</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NAAST-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-OVER" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#OVER"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span><i><b>OVER</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-OVER-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BOVEN" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BOVEN"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span><i><b>BOVEN</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BOVEN-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TEGEN" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TEGEN"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span><i><b>TEGEN</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TEGEN-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ZONDER" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ZONDER"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span><i><b>ZONDER</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ZONDER-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TEGENOVER" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TEGENOVER"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.11</span> <span><i><b>TEGENOVER</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TEGENOVER-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-VOOR" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#VOOR"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.12</span> <span><i><b>VOOR</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-VOOR-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ACHTER" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ACHTER"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.13</span> <span><i><b>ACHTER</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ACHTER-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> 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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BEZIJDEN"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.17</span> <span><i><b>BEZIJDEN</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BEZIJDEN-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BENEVENS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BENEVENS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.18</span> <span><i><b>BENEVENS</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BENEVENS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ONDER" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ONDER"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.19</span> <span><i><b>ONDER</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ONDER-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-MET/ME(D)E" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#MET/ME(D)E"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 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class="vector-toc-numb">3.23</span> <span><i><b>VAN, AF</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-VAN,_AF-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-AAN" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#AAN"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.24</span> <span><i><b>AAN</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-AAN-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-OM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#OM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.25</span> <span><i><b>OM</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-OM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LANGS" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LANGS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.26</span> <span><i><b>LANGS</b></i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LANGS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> 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colspan="8" style="font-size: 1.1em;"><b>Intermediate level</b> </td> <td>  </td> <td colspan="8" style="font-size: 1.1em;"><b>Advanced level</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color: #007fff; border-left: 3px solid #007fff; border-top: 3px solid #007fff; color: #fff;"><i><b>Cycle 1</b></i> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color: #449fff; border-right: 3px solid #007fff; border-top: 3px solid #007fff; color: #fff;"><i><b>Cycle 2</b></i> </td> <td></td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color: #007fff; border-left: 3px solid #007fff; border-top: 3px solid #007fff; color: #fff;"><i><b>Cycle 3</b></i> </td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color: #449fff; border-right: 3px solid #007fff; border-top: 3px solid #007fff; color: #fff;"><i><b>Cycle 4</b></i> </td> <td></td> <td colspan="4" style="background-color: #007fff; border-left: 3px solid #007fff; border-top: 3px solid #007fff; color: #fff;"><i><b>Cycle 5</b></i> </td> <td colspan="3" style="background-color: #449fff; border-right: 3px solid #007fff; border-top: 3px solid #007fff; color: #fff;"><i><b>Cycle 6</b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><b>Main</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_1" title="Dutch/Lesson 1">Lesson 1</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_2" title="Dutch/Lesson 2">Lesson 2</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_3" title="Dutch/Lesson 3">Lesson 3</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_4" title="Dutch/Lesson 4">Lesson 4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_5" title="Dutch/Lesson 5">Lesson 5</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_6" title="Dutch/Lesson 6">Lesson 6</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_7" title="Dutch/Lesson 7">Lesson 7</a> </td> <td style="border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_8" title="Dutch/Lesson 8">Lesson 8</a> </td> <td></td> <td style="border-left: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_9" title="Dutch/Lesson 9">Lesson 9</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_10" title="Dutch/Lesson 10">Lesson 10</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_11" title="Dutch/Lesson 11">Lesson 11</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_12" title="Dutch/Lesson 12">Lesson 12</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_13" title="Dutch/Lesson 13">Lesson 13</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_14" title="Dutch/Lesson 14">Lesson 14</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_15" title="Dutch/Lesson 15">Lesson 15</a> </td> <td style="border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_16" title="Dutch/Lesson 16">Lesson 16</a> </td> <td></td> <td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff; border-left: 3px solid #007fff;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lesson 17</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_18" title="Dutch/Lesson 18">Lesson 18</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_19" title="Dutch/Lesson 19">Lesson 19</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_20" title="Dutch/Lesson 20">Lesson 20</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_21" title="Dutch/Lesson 21">Lesson 21</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_22" title="Dutch/Lesson 22">Lesson 22</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff; border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_23" title="Dutch/Lesson 23">Lesson 23</a> </td> <td style="border-left: 3px solid #007fff;"><b>Main </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><b>Practice</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_1A" title="Dutch/Lesson 1A">Lesson 1A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_2A" title="Dutch/Lesson 2A">Lesson 2A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_3A" title="Dutch/Lesson 3A">Lesson 3A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_4A" title="Dutch/Lesson 4A">Lesson 4A</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_5A" title="Dutch/Lesson 5A">Lesson 5A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_6A" title="Dutch/Lesson 6A">Lesson 6A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_7A" title="Dutch/Lesson 7A">Lesson 7A</a> </td> <td style="border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_8A" title="Dutch/Lesson 8A">Lesson 8A</a> </td> <td></td> <td style="border-left: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_9A" title="Dutch/Lesson 9A">Lesson 9A</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_10A" title="Dutch/Lesson 10A">Lesson 10A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_11A" title="Dutch/Lesson 11A">Lesson 11A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_12A" title="Dutch/Lesson 12A">Lesson 12A</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_13A" title="Dutch/Lesson 13A">Lesson 13A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_14A" title="Dutch/Lesson 14A">Lesson 14A</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_15A" title="Dutch/Lesson 15A">Lesson 15A</a> </td> <td style="border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_16A" title="Dutch/Lesson 16A">Lesson 16A</a> </td> <td></td> <td style="border-left: 3px solid #007fff;"><b>Practice</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><b>Examples</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_1" title="Dutch/Example 1">Vb. 1</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_2" title="Dutch/Example 2">Vb. 2</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_3" title="Dutch/Example 3">Vb. 3</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_4" title="Dutch/Example 4">Vb. 4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_5" title="Dutch/Example 5">Vb. 5</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_6" title="Dutch/Example 6">Vb. 6</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_7" title="Dutch/Example 7">Vb. 7</a> </td> <td style="border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_8" title="Dutch/Example 8">Vb. 8</a> </td> <td></td> <td style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff; border-left: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_9" title="Dutch/Example 9">Vb. 9</a> </td> <td style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_10" title="Dutch/Example 10">Vb. 10</a> </td> <td style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_11" title="Dutch/Example 11">Vb. 11</a> </td> <td style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_12" title="Dutch/Example 12">Vb. 12</a> </td> <td style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_13" title="Dutch/Example 13">Vb. 13</a> </td> <td style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_14" title="Dutch/Example 14">Vb. 14</a> </td> <td style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_15" title="Dutch/Example 15">Vb. 15</a> </td> <td style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff; border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Example_16" title="Dutch/Example 16">Vb. 16</a> </td> <td></td> <td style="border-left: 3px solid #007fff;"><b>Examples</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td colspan="4" style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff; border-left: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Quiz/Cycle1" title="Dutch/Quiz/Cycle1"><i>Quiz</i></a> </td> <td colspan="4" style="border-bottom: 3px solid #007fff; border-right: 3px solid #007fff;"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Quiz/Cycle2" title="Dutch/Quiz/Cycle2"><i>Quiz</i></a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Dutch" title="Dutch"><b>Main page</b></a> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Introduction" title="Dutch/Introduction"><b>Introduction</b></a> </td> <td></td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Alfabet" title="Dutch/Alfabet"><b>Pronunciation</b></a> </td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Vocabulary" title="Dutch/Vocabulary"><b>Vocabulary</b></a> </td> <td></td> <td colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/Index" title="Dutch/Index"><b>Index</b></a> </td> <td colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Dutch/News" title="Dutch/News"><b>News</b></a> </td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> <table style="background-color: #fccda4; -moz-border-radius: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: center; margin: 0 auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <p>Advanced level: cycle 5<br /> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Lesson 17 ~ Lesson 17 </p><p>Voorzetselbijwoorden ~ Prepositional adverbs </p><p><br /> </p> <table style="background-color: #9fd1fc; -moz-border-radius: 1em; margin: 0 auto 1em; text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <td>• <b>Formation of pronominal adverbs</b><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td>• <b>Formation of separable verbs</b><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <td>• <b>Formation of inseparable verbs</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <hr /> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Advanced_level">Advanced level</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Advanced level" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Advanced level"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Welcome to the first lesson of the advanced level of this course. You should have a pretty good understanding of Dutch grammar, a good basis in syntax and a considerable vocabulary by now. This means that you should be able to practice your Dutch on your own through books, websites, videos, TV programs etc. etc. </p><p>The advanced level will concentrate on a number of special topics that will deepen your command of the language. This part of the course is the least developed in terms of practice or cultural context and is more aimed at being a reference source for you to come back to when you run into things you do not quite understand when using your Dutch out there on your own. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bijwoorden">Bijwoorden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Bijwoorden" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Bijwoorden"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="float:right; font-size: 86%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Dutch word</th> <th>translation</th> <th>prep.</th> <th>prep.<br /> adv.</th> <th>pron. adv.<br />e.g.</th> <th>sep. verbs<br />e.g.</th> <th>insep. verbs<br />e.g. </th></tr> <tr> <td>in</td> <td>in</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erin</td> <td>inrijden</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>binnen</td> <td>inside</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erbinnen</td> <td>binnenkomen</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>door</td> <td>through, by</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erdoor</td> <td>doorlopen</td> <td>doorlopen </td></tr> <tr> <td>bij</td> <td>near</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erbij</td> <td>bijkomen</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>op</td> <td>on, upon</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erop</td> <td>opkomen</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>open</td> <td>open</td> <td>no</td> <td>yes</td> <td>―</td> <td>opendraaien</td> <td>openbaren </td></tr> <tr> <td>dicht</td> <td>closed</td> <td>no</td> <td>yes</td> <td>―</td> <td>dichtnaaien</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>naast</td> <td>beside</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>ernaast</td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>over</td> <td>over</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erover</td> <td>overlopen</td> <td>overkomen </td></tr> <tr> <td>boven</td> <td>above</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erboven</td> <td>bovenblijven</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>tegen</td> <td>against</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>ertegen</td> <td>tegenspreken</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>zonder</td> <td>on, upon</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erzonder<sup id="cite_ref-zonder_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zonder-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>tegenover</td> <td>opposite</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>ertegenover</td> <td>tegenoverstellen</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>voor</td> <td>for, before</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>ervoor</td> <td>vóórkomen</td> <td>voorkómen </td></tr> <tr> <td>achter</td> <td>behind</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erachter</td> <td>achterstellen</td> <td>achterhalen </td></tr> <tr> <td>achterop</td> <td>on the back of</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erachterop</td> <td>achteropraken</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>neer</td> <td>down</td> <td>no</td> <td>yes</td> <td>―</td> <td>neerzien</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>beneden</td> <td>down, dowstairs</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erbeneden</td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>uit</td> <td>out (of)</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>eruit</td> <td>uitstellen</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>buiten</td> <td>outside (of)</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erbuiten</td> <td>buitensluiten</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>benevens</td> <td>next to</td> <td>yes</td> <td>no</td> <td>―</td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>via</td> <td>via</td> <td>yes</td> <td>no</td> <td>―</td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>sinds</td> <td>since</td> <td>yes</td> <td>no</td> <td>―</td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>vanwege</td> <td>bcause of</td> <td>yes</td> <td>no</td> <td>―</td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>onder</td> <td>under</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>eronder</td> <td>onderlopen</td> <td>ondervragen </td></tr> <tr> <td>met</td> <td>with</td> <td>yes</td> <td>no</td> <td>―</td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>mee</td> <td>along, with</td> <td>no</td> <td>yes</td> <td>ermee</td> <td>meemaken</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>langs</td> <td>along</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erlangs</td> <td>langslopen</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>om</td> <td>around, in order to</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erom</td> <td>omlopen</td> <td>omarmen </td></tr> <tr> <td>aan</td> <td>on, at</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>eraan</td> <td>aanlopen</td> <td>aanvaarden </td></tr> <tr> <td>af</td> <td>off</td> <td>no</td> <td>yes</td> <td>eraf</td> <td>aflopen</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>van</td> <td>of, from</td> <td>yes</td> <td>yes</td> <td>ervan</td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>heen</td> <td>towards, away</td> <td>no</td> <td>yes</td> <td>erheen</td> <td>heengaan</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>weer</td> <td>again</td> <td>no</td> <td>yes</td> <td>―</td> <td>weerkeren</td> <td>weerstaan </td></tr> <tr> <td>behalve</td> <td>except</td> <td>yes</td> <td>no</td> <td>―</td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr> <tr> <td>gezien</td> <td>in view of</td> <td>yes</td> <td>no</td> <td>―</td> <td>―</td> <td>― </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>We have seen two major groups of words in the Dutch language: <i>naamwoorden</i> (nouns, adverbs, pronouns etc.) and <i>werkwoorden</i> (transitive verbs, intransitives, copula's, auxiliaries). The third group that comprises all the rest is known as <i>bijwoorden</i> (adverbs) and again they occur in a number of forms. Unfortunately it is not possible to classify them quite as thoroughly as the other two groups. In fact it is a bit of a miscellaneous rest group, a kind garbage can into which anything is flung that does not fit in the other two. </p><p>We have already seen a few groups of words that fall under the denominator <i>bijwoord</i> in the more extensive sense of the word and we will examine a few more </p> <ol><li>prepositional adverbs, like <i>in, voor, mee, toe, heen, af</i> etc.</li> <li>prepositions like <i>in, op, bij, over, met, tot</i></li> <li>conjunctions (including subjunctions)</li> <li>modal adverbs (particles) like <i>wel, maar, eens, ...</i></li> <li>adverbs of place and time, like <i>nu, toen, dan</i> or <i>daar, waar</i></li> <li>interjections, like <i>oh, hoi, ach, dag, nou</i></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prepositions_and_prepositional_adverbs">Prepositions and prepositional adverbs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prepositions and prepositional adverbs" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Prepositions and prepositional adverbs"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prepositions are often hard to translate exactly because which one is used in which case often differs between the languages. </p><p>Historically, prepositions developed from adverbs that were put before an object to clarify the meaning of a case ending. Later they supplanted the use of the case endings completely. </p><p>In Dutch many prepositions have an—often identical—adverbial form, the <i>prepositional adverb</i>, that occurs either as part of a <b>separable verb</b> or as the prepositional part of the <b>pronominal adverb</b> or simply by itself. As we have seen both of those compounds play a considerable role in Dutch grammar. Thus the separation between prepositions and adverbs is not as sharp in Dutch as it is in some other languages. In a sense Dutch is a rather adverbial language: adverbs play a major role. </p><p>Another role that prepositional adverbs sometimes play is that of complement of a copula (<b>predicate</b>): </p> <dl><dd>De licht is <i>aan</i> en blijft <i>aan</i></dd> <dd>De bal is <i>uit</i>.</dd></dl> <p>However, there are also prepositions that are just that: prepositions and not adverbs. They are historically from a later date and have often resulted from nouns or participles that got used as prepositions. They cannot be used to form pronominal adverbs, separable verbs or predicates. </p><p>Conversely, there are adverbs that never became prepositions, but they do get used to form compound verbs, pronominal adverbs and predicates, e.g. <i>af</i>: </p> <dl><dd><i>pronominal adverb</i>: eraf - er niet <b>af</b></dd> <dd><i>separable verb</i>: afschieten - hij schoot <b>af</b></dd> <dd><i>predicate</i>: het is nog niet <b>af</b></dd></dl> <p><br /> </p><p>Below is a list of the most common prepositions and prepositional adverbs to give an idea how they are used. The table gives an overview of the various roles that prepositions and their adverbs can play. </p><p>There is a number of forms that were formed by prefixing be- and often end in -(e)n, cf. </p> <dl><dd>in - b<i>in</i>nen</dd> <dd>uit - b<i>uit</i>en</dd> <dd>over - b<i>ove</i>n</dd> <dd>ne(d)er - be<i>nede</i>n</dd></dl> <p>English has a few comparable forms like before, between, beside, below and behind </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="IN,_BINNEN"><span id="IN.2C_BINNEN"></span><i><b>IN, BINNEN</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: IN, BINNEN" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: IN, BINNEN"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-in.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Nl-icon-in.svg/220px-Nl-icon-in.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Nl-icon-in.svg/330px-Nl-icon-in.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Nl-icon-in.svg/440px-Nl-icon-in.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-binnen.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Nl-binnen.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/Nl-binnen.ogg/Nl-binnen.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> binnen <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-in.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Nl-in.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/00/Nl-in.ogg/Nl-in.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> in</figcaption></figure> <p><i>In</i> translates mostly as its cognate <i>in</i> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>hij woont <i>in</i> dat huis - he lives in that house</dd> <dd>hij gelooft in spoken - he believes in ghosts</dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Its identical adverb <i>in</i> often occurs pronominal replacement: erin, daarin (in it, in there) etc. as well as in separable verbs as will be shown below. </p><p>Notice that Dutch does <i>not</i> have an equivalent of <i>into</i> but uses <i>in</i> as prepositional adverb to express the concept of movement 'into' something. </p><p>An alternative is to use <i>binnen</i> which often translates into <i>inside</i> </p> <dl><dd>hij is binnen - he is inside</dd> <dd>binnenlopen: <dl><dd>e.g. Hij liep het huis binnen. ‘’He entered the house.’’</dd></dl></dd> <dd>binnen twee minuten - within two minutes</dd></dl> <p>To emphasize movement <i>naar</i> can be added: </p> <dl><dd>hij liep naar binnen - he walked in</dd> <dd>hij liep er naar binnen - he entered it</dd></dl> <p>Notice that Dutch grammar has no hangups about ending sentences in 'prepositions'. A word like <i>binnen</i> is not considered a preposition unless it actually precedes a noun. Otherwise it is an adverb and there is no law against ending a sentence in an adverb... </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>erin, hierin, daarin, waarin, ergens in, nergens in, overal in, ergens anders in, nergens anders in</li> <li>erbinnen, hierbinnen, daarbinnen, waarbinnen</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>inademen <dl><dd>e.g. Ik adem in. <i>I breathe in.</i></dd></dl></dd> <dd>inlopen <dl><dd>e.g. Hij loopt het huis in. <i>He walks into the house.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Notice that Dutch uses the preposition <i>in</i> to denote a state of rest, but the prepositional adverb to denote movement: </p> <dl><dd>in het huis - in the house</dd> <dd>het huis in - into the house</dd></dl> <p>The prepositional adverb is usually part of a separable verb: </p> <dl><dd>hij liep het huis in <- het huis inlopen.</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="UIT,_BUITEN"><span id="UIT.2C_BUITEN"></span><i><b>UIT, BUITEN</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: UIT, BUITEN" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: UIT, BUITEN"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-buiten.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nl-icon-buiten.svg/220px-Nl-icon-buiten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nl-icon-buiten.svg/330px-Nl-icon-buiten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Nl-icon-buiten.svg/440px-Nl-icon-buiten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-binnen.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Nl-binnen.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5b/Nl-binnen.ogg/Nl-binnen.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> binnen<figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_3" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-buiten.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/97/Nl-buiten.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/Nl-buiten.ogg/Nl-buiten.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> buiten</figcaption></figure> <p><i>uit</i> is represented by <i>out of</i> or <i>from</i> </p> <dl><dd>uit dit erts wordt goud gewonnen - <i>out of this ore gold is produced</i></dd> <dd>hij komt uit Utrecht - <i>he is from Utrecht</i></dd></dl> <p><i>buiten</i> usually means <i>outside</i> </p> <dl><dd>buiten de stad - <i>outside the city</i></dd> <dd>hij is buiten - <i>he is outside</i></dd> <dd>hij ging naar buiten - <i>he went ouside'</i></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>eruit, hieruit, daaruit, waaruit</li> <li>erbuiten, hierbuiten, daarbuiten, waarbuiten</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <p>Both uit and buiten have separable verbs. <i>Uit</i> often means <i>off</i> in these. </p> <dl><dd>e.g. uitdraaien: <dl><dd>Hij draaide de radio uit. <i>He turned the radio off.</i></dd></dl></dd> <dd>e.g. uitdoen: <dl><dd>Zij deed het licht uit. <i>She switched off the light.</i></dd> <dd>Zij deed haar jas uit. <i>She took her coat off.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><i>Buiten</i> often means <i>out</i> in verbs: </p> <dl><dd>e.g. buitensluiten - to lock out</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="DOOR"><i><b>DOOR</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: DOOR" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: DOOR"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-door.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Nl-icon-door.svg/220px-Nl-icon-door.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Nl-icon-door.svg/330px-Nl-icon-door.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Nl-icon-door.svg/440px-Nl-icon-door.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_4" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-door.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/13/Nl-door.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/13/Nl-door.ogg/Nl-door.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> door<figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_5" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="4" data-mwtitle="Nl-doorheen.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/Nl-doorheen.ogg/Nl-doorheen.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Nl-doorheen.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> doorheen</figcaption></figure> <p><i>door</i> is a cognate of <i>through</i> and often corresponds to it: </p> <dl><dd>Het licht valt door het raam. <i>The light shines through the window.</i></dd></dl> <p>In many cases the correct translation is <i>by</i> particularly when it is used with the passive voice: </p> <dl><dd>Hij is door de wol geverfd. <i><b>lit.</b></i> <i>He has been dyed by the wool. (He is a veteran, old hand.)</i></dd></dl> <p>Together with <i>heen</i> the meaning is <i>through and through</i> or <i>passage through</i>: </p> <dl><dd>Hij stak de naald door het vel heen. <i>He stuck the needle (all the way) through the skin.</i></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>erdoor, hierdoor, daardoor, waardoor, ergens door, nergens door, overal door, ergens anders door, nergens anders door</li></ul> <dl><dd>Dat is <b>nergens anders door</b> te vervangen <dl><dd>That can<b>not</b> be replaced <b>by anything else</b>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. dóórhakken: <dl><dd>Hij hakte de knoop door. <i>He cut the knot through.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>doorzíén: <dl><dd>e.g. Hij doorzag de list. <i>He saw through the ruse.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Notice that the separable version has stress, the inseparable one does not. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BIJ"><i><b>BIJ</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: BIJ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: BIJ"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-bij.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Nl-icon-bij.svg/220px-Nl-icon-bij.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Nl-icon-bij.svg/330px-Nl-icon-bij.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Nl-icon-bij.svg/440px-Nl-icon-bij.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_6" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-bij.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Nl-bij.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/38/Nl-bij.ogg/Nl-bij.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> bij</figcaption></figure> <p>Although the word is cognate of <i>by</i> it often is used rather differently. It indicates a location slightly to the side of something. </p> <dl><dd>Schiphol ligt bij Amsterdam - Schiphol is near Amsterdam</dd> <dd>bij de les blijven - stay with the lesson</dd> <dd>bij slecht weer - in the case of bad weather</dd> <dd>het is bij vijven - it is around five o'clock</dd> <dd>hij bleef erbij - he stuck to it</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>erbij, hierbij, daarbij, waarbij, ergens bij, nergens bij, overal bij, ergens anders bij, nergens anders bij</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. bijkomen: <dl><dd>Hij kwam eindelijk bij. <i>He finally regained consciousness.</i></dd></dl></dd> <dd>bijwerken: <dl><dd>Ik heb het bijgewerkt. <i>I have updated it.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OP"><i><b>OP</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: OP" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: OP"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-op.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Nl-icon-op.svg/220px-Nl-icon-op.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Nl-icon-op.svg/330px-Nl-icon-op.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Nl-icon-op.svg/440px-Nl-icon-op.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_7" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-op.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/Nl-op.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/Nl-op.ogg/Nl-op.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> op <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_8" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-boven.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-boven.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-boven.ogg/Nl-boven.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> boven</figcaption></figure> <p>Although cognate of <i>up</i> it usually translates as <i>on</i> or <i>upon</i> </p> <dl><dd>hij is op vakantie - he is on vacation</dd> <dd>het boek ligt op de tafel - the book lies on the table.</dd> <dd>op je gezondheid - a toast to you health (not : up your .. etc.)</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>erop, hierop, daarop, waarop, ergens op, nergens op, overal op, ergens anders op, nergens anders op</li></ul> <ul><li>Dat past nergens anders op. <i>That doesn't fit on anything else.</i></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. opnemen: <dl><dd>Hij nam op. <i>He picked up, answered (the phone); he recorded; he absorbed.</i></dd></dl></dd> <dd>ophoepelen: <dl><dd>Ach , hoepel toch op! <i>Ow, get lost!</i>, <i><b>lit.</b></i> to hoop up; to get lost</dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NAAST"><i><b>NAAST</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: NAAST" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: NAAST"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-naast.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nl-icon-naast.svg/220px-Nl-icon-naast.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nl-icon-naast.svg/330px-Nl-icon-naast.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nl-icon-naast.svg/440px-Nl-icon-naast.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_9" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-naast.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Nl-naast.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/Nl-naast.ogg/Nl-naast.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> naast</figcaption></figure> <p><i>naast</i> translates mostly into <i>next to</i>, <i>beside</i> </p> <dl><dd>Jan en Elly wonen naast John en Heleen. <i>Jan and Elly are the neighbors of John and Heleen.</i></dd> <dd>Zij wonen ernaast.</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>ernaast, hiernaast, daarnaast, waarnaast, ergens naast, nergens naast, overal naast</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OVER"><i><b>OVER</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: OVER" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: OVER"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-over.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Nl-icon-over.svg/220px-Nl-icon-over.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Nl-icon-over.svg/330px-Nl-icon-over.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Nl-icon-over.svg/440px-Nl-icon-over.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_10" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-over.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Nl-over.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Nl-over.ogg/Nl-over.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> over</figcaption></figure> <p><i>over</i> translates mostly as it identical cognate: </p> <dl><dd>hij vloog over het koekoeksnest - he flew over the cuckoo's nest</dd></dl> <p>It can also translate as <i>about</i> </p> <dl><dd>hij praat veel over auto's. <i>He talks a lot about cars.</i></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>erover, hierover, daarover, waarover, ergens over, nergens over, overal over, ergens anders over, nergens anders over</li></ul> <dl><dd>Hij praat nergens anders over. <i>He talks about nothing else</i>.</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. overlopen: <dl><dd>Het bad liep over. <i>The bathtub overflowed.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. overzien <dl><dd>Ik overzag het slagveld. <i>I oversaw the battlefield.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BOVEN"><i><b>BOVEN</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: BOVEN" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: BOVEN"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-onder.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Nl-icon-onder.svg/220px-Nl-icon-onder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Nl-icon-onder.svg/330px-Nl-icon-onder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Nl-icon-onder.svg/440px-Nl-icon-onder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_11" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-onder.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Nl-onder.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Nl-onder.ogg/Nl-onder.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> onder<figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_12" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-boven.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-boven.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-boven.ogg/Nl-boven.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> boven</figcaption></figure> <p><i>boven</i> translates as its cognate <i>above</i> </p> <dl><dd>hij zette er een punt boven: he put a dot above it.</dd></dl> <p>Its identical adverb usually means <i>up</i>, <i>upstairs</i> </p> <dl><dd>hij is boven : he is upstairs</dd></dl> <p>To indicate movement Dutch uses <i>naar</i> </p> <dl><dd>hij liep naar boven - he went upstairs, he went up the hill etc.</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>erboven, hierboven, daarboven, waarboven, ergens boven, nergens boven, overal over</li></ul> <dl><dd>Hij woont hierboven. <i>He lives above here</i>.</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TEGEN"><i><b>TEGEN</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: TEGEN" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: TEGEN"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>tegen</i> usually translates as <i>against</i> </p> <dl><dd>hij was tegen dit wetsvoorstel - he opposed this proposition</dd> <dd>de fiets stond tegen de muur - the bike stood against the wall</dd></dl> <p><b>but</b>: </p> <dl><dd>hij zei tegen haar - he said to her</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>ertegen, hiertegen, daartegen, waartegen, ergens tegen, nergens tegen, overal tegen, ergens anders tegen, nergens anders tegen</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd><i>e.g.</i> tegenwerken: to thwart, to work against <dl><dd>Hij werkte me altijd tegen. <i>He always blocked me.</i></dd></dl></dd> <dd>tegenkomen - to encounter, to run into</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ZONDER"><i><b>ZONDER</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: ZONDER" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: ZONDER"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-metzonder.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nl-icon-metzonder.svg/220px-Nl-icon-metzonder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nl-icon-metzonder.svg/330px-Nl-icon-metzonder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nl-icon-metzonder.svg/440px-Nl-icon-metzonder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_13" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-met.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Nl-met.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/Nl-met.ogg/Nl-met.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> met <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_14" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Nl-zonder.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Nl-zonder.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/Nl-zonder.ogg/Nl-zonder.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> zonder</figcaption></figure> <p><i>zonder</i> means <i>without</i> </p> <dl><dd>hij drinkt koffie zonder suiker</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>It did not have an adverbial form but increasingly pronominal adverbs like <i>waarzonder</i> are used.<sup id="cite_ref-zonder_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zonder-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TEGENOVER"><i><b>TEGENOVER</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: TEGENOVER" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: TEGENOVER"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>tegenover</i> means <i>on the opposite side of</i>. </p> <dl><dd>Het hotel staat tegenover het conferentiecentrum. <i>The hotel is opposite the conference center.</i></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>ertegenover, hiertegenover, daartegenover, waartegenover</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g.: tegenoverstellen - put against, balance, add an objection</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="VOOR"><i><b>VOOR</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: VOOR" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: VOOR"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-achter.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nl-icon-achter.svg/220px-Nl-icon-achter.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nl-icon-achter.svg/330px-Nl-icon-achter.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nl-icon-achter.svg/440px-Nl-icon-achter.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_15" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-achter.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Nl-achter.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/Nl-achter.ogg/Nl-achter.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> achter <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_16" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-voor.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Nl-voor.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/Nl-voor.ogg/Nl-voor.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> voor</figcaption></figure> <p>This preposition has two meanings, one corresponds to English <i>for</i> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Dat is voor jóú. <i>That is for you</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>But with a different stress pattern is means <i>before</i> either in place or time or <i>in favor of</i> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Hij is vóór jou. <i>He is before you</i> (in line e.g.)</dd> <dd>Hij stemde vóór de motie. <i>He voted in favor of the motion</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Used as an adverb, it often gets an ending -en: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Hij liep naar voren. <i>He walked to the front</i>.</dd></dl></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>ervoor, hiervoor, daarvoor, waarvoor, ergens voor, nerges voor, overal voor, ergens anders voor, nergens anders voor</li></ul> <dl><dd>Hij wilde overal voor stoppen. <i>He wanted to stop for everything.</i></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>voorlichten - to inform, to apprise</dd> <dd>vóórkomen - to occur</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>voorkómen - to prevent</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ACHTER"><i><b>ACHTER</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: ACHTER" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: ACHTER"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-achter.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nl-icon-achter.svg/220px-Nl-icon-achter.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nl-icon-achter.svg/330px-Nl-icon-achter.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Nl-icon-achter.svg/440px-Nl-icon-achter.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_17" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-achter.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Nl-achter.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c6/Nl-achter.ogg/Nl-achter.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> achter <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_18" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-voor.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Nl-voor.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/Nl-voor.ogg/Nl-voor.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> voor</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Achter</i> is mostly translated as <i>behind</i>. Some dialects, e.g. in Zeeland and West Flanders have a form <i>bachten</i> in the meaning of <i>behind</i> but it is not considered part of standard Dutch. </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Hij stond achter de tafel. <i>He stood behind the table.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>As adverb it can also translate into <i>back</i>: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Hij keek naar achter. <i>He looked back</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>In that meaning it often gets an ending -en: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Hij liep naar achteren. <i>He walked to the back.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>erachter, hierachter, daarachter, waarachter, ergens achter, nergens achter, overal achter, ergens anders achter, nergens anders achter</li></ul> <dl><dd>Het kan overal achter zitten. <i>It could be hidden behind anything.</i></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. achterstellen - to discriminate, to marginalize <dl><dd>Deze groep is eeuwen lang achtergesteld. <i>This group has been marginalized for centuries.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. achterhalen <dl><dd>Ik achterhaalde de waarheid. <i>I retraced the truth.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ACHTERIN"><i><b>ACHTERIN</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: ACHTERIN" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: ACHTERIN"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>achterin</i> translate mostly into <i>in the back of</i> </p> <dl><dd>Achterin de auto liggen nog wat boodschappen - <i>In the trunk of the car there a still a few groceries</i></dd></dl> <p>It is often used as an adverb together with in: </p> <dl><dd>Het lag achterin in de auto</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ACHTEROP"><i><b>ACHTEROP</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: ACHTEROP" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: ACHTEROP"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>achterop</i> is mostly used to indicate the passenger seat of a bike and is used as an adverb. As a preposition it falls apart. (See lesson <a href="/wiki/Dutch/Lesson_23" title="Dutch/Lesson 23">23</a>.) </p> <dl><dd>achter op de fiets - <i>on de back of the bike</i></dd> <dd>met z'n meisie achterop - <i>with his girl on the back</i></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. <i>achteropraken</i>: to run behind, to lose advantage</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NE(D)ER,_BENEDEN"><span id="NE.28D.29ER.2C_BENEDEN"></span><i><b>NE(D)ER, BENEDEN</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: NE(D)ER, BENEDEN" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: NE(D)ER, BENEDEN"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-op-neer-beneden-boven.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Nl-icon-op-neer-beneden-boven.svg/220px-Nl-icon-op-neer-beneden-boven.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Nl-icon-op-neer-beneden-boven.svg/330px-Nl-icon-op-neer-beneden-boven.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Nl-icon-op-neer-beneden-boven.svg/440px-Nl-icon-op-neer-beneden-boven.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_19" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Nl-neer.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f1/Nl-neer.ogg/Nl-neer.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Nl-neer.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> neer <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_20" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Nl-beneden.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Nl-beneden.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/Nl-beneden.ogg/Nl-beneden.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> beneden</figcaption></figure> <p>The form <i>beneden</i> can be used as preposition in the meaning of <i>below</i>, <i>under</i> <i>underneath</i>, <i>south of</i> </p> <dl><dd>beneden de rivieren - south of the rivers (i.e. Rhine, Meuse etc.)</dd> <dd>beneden de Iridiumlaag vind je dinosaurusbotten - below the Iridium layer you find dinosaur bones</dd></dl> <p>With <i>naar</i> it indicates downward movement: </p> <dl><dd>hij viel naar beneden - <i>he fell down</i></dd></dl> <p>The form <i>neer</i> (<neder) is not used as a preposition but occurs as an adverb with the meaning of <i>down</i> in separable verbs. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li><i>neer</i>: none</li> <li><i>beneden</i>: hierbeneden, daarbeneden</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <ul><li><i>beneden</i>: none</li> <li><i>neer</i>:</li></ul> <dl><dd><i>e.g.</i> neerzien op: <dl><dd>Hij zag neer op die mensen. <i>He looked down upon these people.</i></dd></dl></dd> <dd>neerzitten bij: <dl><dd>Hij zat bij de pakken neer. <i>He surrendered to resignation. (He gave up.)</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BEZIJDEN"><i><b>BEZIJDEN</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: BEZIJDEN" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: BEZIJDEN"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>bezijden</i> is comparable to <i>besides</i> but occurs mostly in the expression. </p> <dl><dd>bezijden de waarheid - <i>aside of the truth</i> (<i>i.e.</i> not true)</dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BENEVENS"><i><b>BENEVENS</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: BENEVENS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: BENEVENS"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>benevens</i> is a rather formal alternative to <i>naast</i> (besides, next to). </p> <dl><dd>benevens de aandelen is er het huizenbezit - <i>besides the stocks is there the real estate</i></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ONDER"><i><b>ONDER</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: ONDER" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: ONDER"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-onder.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Nl-icon-onder.svg/220px-Nl-icon-onder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Nl-icon-onder.svg/330px-Nl-icon-onder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Nl-icon-onder.svg/440px-Nl-icon-onder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_21" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-onder.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Nl-onder.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/Nl-onder.ogg/Nl-onder.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> onder<figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_22" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-boven.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/Nl-boven.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/68/Nl-boven.ogg/Nl-boven.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> boven</figcaption></figure> <p><i>onder</i> is the cognate of <i>under</i> and has similar applications: </p> <dl><dd>de hond ligt onder de tafel - <i>het dog lies under the table</i></dd></dl> <p>It can also be used in the meaning of <i>among</i>: </p> <dl><dd>onder professoren - in the circle of professors</dd></dl> <p>Used as adverb it can get an ending -en </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Het is van onderen wit. <i>It is white on the bottom side.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>eronder, hieronder, daaronder, waaronder, ergens onder, nergens onder, overal onder, ergens anders onder, nergens anders onder</dd></dl> <dl><dd>Ligt het nergens anders onder? <i>Isn't is hidden underneath anything else?</i></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. óndergaan: <dl><dd>De zon gaat onder. <i>The sun sets.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. ondergáán: <dl><dd>Hij ondergaat een operatie. <i>He undergoes surgery.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="MET/ME(D)E"><span id="MET.2FME.28D.29E"></span><i><b>MET/ME(D)E</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: MET/ME(D)E" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: MET/ME(D)E"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-metzonder.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nl-icon-metzonder.svg/220px-Nl-icon-metzonder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nl-icon-metzonder.svg/330px-Nl-icon-metzonder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nl-icon-metzonder.svg/440px-Nl-icon-metzonder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_23" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-met.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Nl-met.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/Nl-met.ogg/Nl-met.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> met <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_24" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Nl-zonder.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Nl-zonder.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c8/Nl-zonder.ogg/Nl-zonder.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> zonder</figcaption></figure> <p><i>met</i> usually means <i>with</i>. </p> <dl><dd>hij gaat met zijn vrouw naar Canada - <i>he goes to Canada with his wife</i></dd></dl> <p>Its adverbial form is <i>mee</i> (or originally: mede). </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <dl><dd><b>met</b>: none</dd> <dd><b>mee</b>: ermee, hiermee, daarmee, waarmee, ergens mee, overal mee, nergens mee, ergens ander mee, nergens anders mee</dd> <dd><b>mede</b>: hiermede, daarmede, waarmede</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd><b>met</b>: none</dd> <dd><b>mee</b>:</dd> <dd>e.g. meegaan: <dl><dd>Hij ging mee. <i>He joined.</i></dd> <dd>Hij ging mee met haar. <i>He accompanied her.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>The older adverb <i>mede</i> still occurs in verbs or a rather formal register, e.g.: </p> <dl><dd>mededelen - to communicate, to announce <dl><dd>Er werd medegedeeld dat zij onslagen werden. <i>It was announced that they were fired</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NAAR,_TOT,_TOE,_HEEN,_WEER"><span id="NAAR.2C_TOT.2C_TOE.2C_HEEN.2C_WEER"></span><i><b>NAAR, TOT, TOE, HEEN, WEER</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: NAAR, TOT, TOE, HEEN, WEER" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: NAAR, TOT, TOE, HEEN, WEER"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-naartoe.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Nl-icon-naartoe.svg/220px-Nl-icon-naartoe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Nl-icon-naartoe.svg/330px-Nl-icon-naartoe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Nl-icon-naartoe.svg/440px-Nl-icon-naartoe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_25" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-naar.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Nl-naar.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Nl-naar.ogg/Nl-naar.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> naar <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_26" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-tot.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/Nl-tot.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/16/Nl-tot.ogg/Nl-tot.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> tot</figcaption></figure> <p><i>naar</i> translates mostly as <i>to</i> or <i>at</i>: </p> <dl><dd>hij kijkt <b>naar</b> het schilderij - <i>he looks at the painting</i></dd> <dd>hij kijkt er<b>naar</b> - <i>he looks at it.</i></dd> <dd>hij gaat <b>naar</b> Kaapstad - <i>he is going to Cape Town</i></dd></dl> <p>In the sense of <i><b>to</b></i> rather than <i><b>at</b></i> naar is often reinforced by adding the adverb <i><b>toe</b></i>: </p> <dl><dd>hij gaat naar Kaapstad toe</dd></dl> <p>In pronominal replacement the addition is mandatory: </p> <dl><dd>hij gaat ernaartoe</dd></dl> <p>Alternatively, however, one can say: </p> <dl><dd>hij gaat erheen - <i>he is going there</i></dd></dl> <p><i>heen</i> is an adverb that indicates movement. It does not occur as preposition but there are separable verbs: </p> <dl><dd>heengaan - <i>to leave (usually permanently)</i></dd></dl> <dl><dd>hij ging heen - <i>he left</i></dd></dl> <p>Its opposite is <i><b>weer</b></i> (from: we(d)er- that means <i>back</i> or <i>again</i>) </p> <dl><dd>heen en weer - <i>back and forth</i></dd></dl> <p>It occurs in separables like: </p> <dl><dd>weerkeren <dl><dd>hij keerde weer - <i>he came back</i></dd> <dd>de wederkomst - <i>the second coming</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>It is related to <i>with</i> as in <i>withstand</i> and forms inseparable verbs as in English: </p> <dl><dd>weerstaan - <i>withstand</i></dd></dl> <p><i><b>toe</b></i> is the adverbial form of the preposition <i><b>tot</b></i> that mostly means <i>until</i> or <i>to</i>: </p> <dl><dd>dit is geldig tot het eind van de maand - <i>this is valid until the end of the month</i></dd> <dd>dit dient tot versterking van de dijk - <i>this serves to reinforce the dyke</i></dd> <dd>dit is waartoe het dient - <i>this is the purpose it serves</i></dd></dl> <p>Another meaning of <i>toe</i> is closing, narrowing. Somewhat archaic is: </p> <dl><dd>doe dat eens toe - <i>please would you close that</i></dd></dl> <p>It also occurs in expressions like: </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>af en toe - <i>occasionally, now and then</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>and it occurs in a separable verb like: </p> <dl><dd>zich toespitsen - <i>become more acute - coming to climax</i> <dl><dd>e.g. Het geweld spitst zich toe. <i>The violence is exacerbating.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>A leftover of the old case system are expressions like </p> <dl><dd>tot bloedens toe -- until blood was flowing</dd> <dd>tot vervelens toe -- ad nauseam</dd></dl> <p>Notice that the verb appears as a genitive case: bloeden<b>s</b>, vervelen<b>s</b>. Although uncommon this genitive is still somewhat productive. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li><b>naar</b>: ernaar, hiernaar, daarnaar, waarnaar, ergens naar, nergens naar, overal naar, ergens anders naar, nergens anders naar</li> <li><b>naartoe</b>: ernaartoe, hiernaartoe, daarnaartoe, waarnaartoe, ergens naartoe, nergens naartoe, overal naartoe, ergens anders naartoe, nergens anders naartoe</li> <li><b>heen</b>: erheen, hierheen, daarheen, waarheen, ergens heen, nergens heen, overal heen, ergens anders heen, nergens anders heen</li> <li><b>weer</b>: none</li> <li><b>tot</b>: none</li> <li><b>toe</b>: ertoe, hiertoe, daartoe, waartoe</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <ul><li><b>naar</b>: none</li> <li><b>naartoe</b>: none</li> <li><b>heen</b>: e.g. heenbrengen - <i>to take away</i></li> <li><b>weer</b>: e.g. weerkeren - <i>to return</i></li> <li><b>tot</b>: none</li> <li><b>toe</b>: e.g. toedoen - <i>to close; to contribute to its cause, to be complicit</i></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <ul><li><b>weer</b>: e.g. weerstaan - <i>to withstand</i></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TUSSEN"><i><b>TUSSEN</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: TUSSEN" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: TUSSEN"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-tussen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Nl-icon-tussen.svg/220px-Nl-icon-tussen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Nl-icon-tussen.svg/330px-Nl-icon-tussen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Nl-icon-tussen.svg/440px-Nl-icon-tussen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_27" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-tussen.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Nl-tussen.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/56/Nl-tussen.ogg/Nl-tussen.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> tussen</figcaption></figure> <p><i>tussen</i> means mostly <i>between</i> </p> <dl><dd>tussen Maryland en Noord-Carolina ligt Virginia. <i>Between Maryland and North Carolina lies Virginia</i></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>ertussen, hiertussen, daartussen, waartussen, ergens tussen, nergens tussen, overal tussen</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. tussenvoegen - to insert. <dl><dd>Er was een spatie tussengevoegd. <i>A space had been inserted</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="VAN,_AF"><span id="VAN.2C_AF"></span><i><b>VAN, AF</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: VAN, AF" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section's source code: VAN, AF"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>van</i> translates mostly into <i>of</i> and <i>from</i>: </p> <dl><dd>van verse tomaten is een heerlijke soep te bereiden - <i>a delicious soup can be made of fresh tomatoes</i></dd> <dd>het westen van het land - <i>the west of the country</i></dd> <dd>hij komt van ver - <i>he comes from far</i></dd> <dd>hij viel van zijn stoel - <i>he fell off his chair</i></dd></dl> <p>When a downwards motion or fall is implied as in the latter case, the adverb <i>af</i> (cognate of off) can be added: </p> <dl><dd>hij viel van de trap - <i>he fell off the stairs</i></dd> <dd>hij viel eraf - <i>he fell off</i></dd> <dd>het water komt van die berg af - <i>the water comes from that mountain</i> <dl><dd>het komt ervanaf - <i>it comes off of it</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><i>af</i> does not occur as proposition, but is part of separable verbs: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li><i>van</i>: ervan, hiervan, daarvan, waarvan, ergens van, nergens van, overal van, ergens anders van, nergens anders van</li> <li><i>af</i>: eraf, hieraf, daaraf, waaraf</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd><i>van</i>: none.</dd> <dd><i>af</i> : e.g. afvallen - lose weight, fall off (sailing)</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="AAN"><i><b>AAN</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: AAN" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section's source code: AAN"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-aan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Nl-icon-aan.svg/220px-Nl-icon-aan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Nl-icon-aan.svg/330px-Nl-icon-aan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Nl-icon-aan.svg/440px-Nl-icon-aan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_28" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="1" data-mwtitle="Nl-aan.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/Nl-aan.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0a/Nl-aan.ogg/Nl-aan.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> aan</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>aan</b></i> has various translations such as to, at, on or is implied in an English verb. It typically implies a touching or reaching until contact is made. </p> <dl><dd>Zij plakten een affiche aan de muur - <i>They stuck a poster on the wall</i></dd> <dd>Hier komt deze laag aan de oppervlakte - <i>Here this layer reaches the surface</i></dd> <dd>Aan deze feiten valt niet te twijfelen - <i>These facts can not be doubted</i></dd> <dd>Er valt weinig aan te doen - <i>There is little we can do about it</i></dd> <dd>Wat is er aan de hand? - <i>What is at hand? What is happening?</i></dd> <dd>Hij zit aan het schilderij - <i>He is touching the painting</i></dd> <dd>Hij zit eraan - <i>He is touching it</i></dd> <dd>Nergens aan zitten! - <i>Hands off!</i></dd></dl> <p>A prepositional object with <i>aan</i> replaces an indirect object: </p> <dl><dd>Hij gaf hem een book - <i>He gave him the book</i></dd> <dd>Hij gaf een boek aan hem - <i>He gave a book to him</i></dd></dl> <p><i><b>af</b></i> is the opposite of <i><b>aan</b></i> in: </p> <dl><dd>af en aan - <i>off and on</i></dd></dl> <p>But <i><b>uit</b></i> can also be the opposite: </p> <dl><dd>Is het licht aan of uit? - <i>Is the light on or off?</i></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>eraan, hieraan, daaraan, waaraan, ergens aan, nergens aan, overal aan, ergens anders aan, nergens anders aan</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. aankomen - <i>to arrive, gain weight</i> <dl><dd>Hij is gisteren aangekomen. <i>He arrived yesterday.</i></dd> <dd>Hij is tien kilo aangekomen. <i>He gained 10 kilos.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. aanbidden - <i>to worship</i> <dl><dd>In het Oude Egypte werd de god Horus aanbeden. <i>In Ancient Egypt the god Horus was worshipped.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OM"><i><b>OM</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: OM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section's source code: OM"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><b>om</b></i> can mean <i>around</i>: </p> <dl><dd>hij deed een nieuwe band om de velg - <i>he put a new tire around the rim</i></dd> <dd>om de burcht ligt een gracht - <i>there is a moat around the castle</i></dd></dl> <p>In this meaning it is often reinforced with <i><b>heen</b></i>: </p> <dl><dd>er ligt een gracht om de stad heen</dd> <dd>er ligt een gracht omheen</dd></dl> <p>It can also have less literal meaning of <i>about</i>, <i>because of</i>, <i>for</i>: </p> <dl><dd>dit werd om onduidelijke redenen afgelast - <i>this was cancelled for unclear reasons</i></dd></dl> <p>There are separable verbs: </p> <dl><dd>omdoen - wrap around <dl><dd>e.g. Zij deed een sjaal om. <i>She put a shawl around her neck.</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>Under German influence <i>om</i> can also imply change, inversion. </p> <dl><dd>hij liet zich ompraten - <i>he allowed himself to be persuaded to change his mind</i></dd> <dd>wegomlegging - <i>detour</i></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>erom, hierom, daarom, waarom, ergens om, nergens om, overal om, ergens anders om, nergens anders om</li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd>Hij gaf nergens om. <i>He did not care about anything</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. ómwentelen - to roll over, roll away</dd> <dd>e.g. ómdoen -wrap around</dd></dl> <dl><dd>Zij deed een sjaal om. <i>She put on a shawl</i></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. omhélzen - to embrace</dd></dl> <dl><dd>Zij omhelsden elkaar. <i>They embraced each other</i>.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LANGS"><i><b>LANGS</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: LANGS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section's source code: LANGS"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-langs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Nl-icon-langs.svg/200px-Nl-icon-langs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Nl-icon-langs.svg/300px-Nl-icon-langs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Nl-icon-langs.svg/400px-Nl-icon-langs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_29" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Nl-langs.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Nl-langs.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/Nl-langs.ogg/Nl-langs.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> langs</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>langs</b></i> evokes a parallel position or motion and is mostly translated by <i>along</i>. </p> <dl><dd>langs de rivier loopt een weg - there is a road along the river</dd> <dd>hij liep erlangs - <i>he passed by it</i></dd></dl> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <ul><li>erlangs, hierlangs, daarlangs, waarlangs, ergens langs, nergens langs, overal langs, ergens anders langs, nergens anders langs</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. langskomen - <i>drop by</i> <dl><dd>Hij kwam gisteren langs - <i>He dropped by yesterday</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>None.</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="MIS"><i><b>MIS</b></i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: MIS" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section's source code: MIS"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-icon-raak-mis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Nl-icon-raak-mis.svg/220px-Nl-icon-raak-mis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Nl-icon-raak-mis.svg/330px-Nl-icon-raak-mis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Nl-icon-raak-mis.svg/440px-Nl-icon-raak-mis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_30" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="4" data-mwtitle="Nl-raak.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Nl-raak.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/Nl-raak.ogg/Nl-raak.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> raak <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_31" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="35" style="width:35px;" data-durationhint="3" data-mwtitle="Nl-mis.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f5/Nl-mis.ogg/Nl-mis.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Nl-mis.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>noicon</figcaption></figure> mis</figcaption></figure> <p>As in English this adverb conveys the meaning of 'wrong', 'flawed'. It is not used as a preposition. Its antonym is <i>raak</i>. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width="> <tbody><tr> <th>Compounds </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Pronominal adverbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>none</dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Separable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. mísschieten - to shoot and miss <dl><dd>Hij schoot mis. <i>He missed the target</i></dd></dl></dd></dl> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Inseparable verbs</b><br /> <dl><dd>e.g. misléíden - to mislead</dd> <dd>e.g. misvórmen - to warp, to disfigure</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appendix">Appendix</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&veaction=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Appendix" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section's source code: Appendix"><span>edit source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-zonder-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-zonder_1-0"><i><b>a</b></i></a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-zonder_1-1"><i><b>b</b></i></a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">mostly limited to the South</span> </li> </ol></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&oldid=4414753">https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Dutch/Lesson_17&oldid=4414753</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Book:Dutch" title="Category:Book:Dutch">Book:Dutch</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 9 June 2024, at 22:18.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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