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id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Franki</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Valoda" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet language-selector"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--language"></span> <span>Valoda</span> </a></li> <li id="page-actions-watch" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"><a role="button" id="ca-watch" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"> <script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lv" dir="ltr"> <section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <p><b>Franki</b> (<a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lat%C4%AB%C5%86u_valoda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Latīņu valoda">latīņu</a>: <span lang="la"><i>Franci</i></span> vai <i>gens Francorum</i>) ir <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%A2erm%C4%81%C5%86i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ģermāņi">rietumģermāņu</a> cilšu apvienība, kas izveidojās <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/3._gadsimts?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="3. gadsimts">3. gadsimta</a> vidū un kurai bija nozīmīga loma <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eiropas_v%C4%93sture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eiropas vēsture">Eiropas vēsturē</a> no 5. līdz 9. gadsimtam.</p> <table class="infobox vcard" style="width:22em"> <caption style="font-weight:bold"> <span class="fn org">Franki</span><br><span class="nickname" lang="la">Franci</span> </caption> <tbody> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Frankish_arms.JPG?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Frankish_arms.JPG/235px-Frankish_arms.JPG" decoding="async" width="235" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Frankish_arms.JPG/353px-Frankish_arms.JPG 1.5x,https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Frankish_arms.JPG/470px-Frankish_arms.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2587" data-file-height="1470"></a></span> <div> Ieroči, kas atrasti kāda aristokrātiska franka kapā no Merovingu laikmeta </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fee8ab;">Valodas</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fff6d9;"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sen%C4%81_franku_valoda&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Senā franku valoda (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">senā franku valoda</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tautas_lat%C4%AB%C5%86u_valoda?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tautas latīņu valoda">Tautas latīņu valoda</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Sen%C4%81_franc%C5%AB%C5%BEu_valoda&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Senā francūžu valoda (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">senā francūžu valoda</a></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fee8ab;">Reliģijas</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fff6d9;"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Franku_pag%C4%81nisms&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Franku pagānisms (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Franku pagānisms</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kristiet%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kristietība">Kristietība</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #fff6d9;"> <div style="text-align: left; font-size: 80%;"></div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"> <tbody> <tr> <td class="mbox-text" style="text-align:center;;"> <div class="mbox-text-span"> <b>Šim rakstam ir nepieciešamas papildu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:Atsauces?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palīdzība:Atsauces">atsauces uz ārējiem avotiem</a>.</b> <br><small>Lūdzu, palīdzi <a class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DFranki%26action%3Dedit">uzlabot šo rakstu</a>, pievienojot vismaz dažas atsauces. Ja ir kādi ieteikumi, vari tos pievienot <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Diskusija:Franki&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Diskusija:Franki (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">diskusijā</a>. Vairāk lasi <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pal%C4%ABdz%C4%ABba:%C4%AAsa_lieto%C5%A1anas_pam%C4%81c%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Palīdzība:Īsa lietošanas pamācība">lietošanas pamācībā</a>.</small><br><small><i>Meklēt atsauces:</i> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.google.lv/search?as_eq%3Dwikipedia%26q%3D%2522Franki%2522%26num%3D50">"Franki"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://news.google.com/archivesearch?%26as_src%3D-newswire%2B-wire%2B-presswire%2B-PR%2B-release%2B-wikipedia%26q%3D%2522Franki%2522">ziņas</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.google.com/search?tbs%3Dbks:1%26q%3D%2522Franki%2522">grāmatas</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q%3D%2522Franki%2522"><i>scholar</i></a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://images.google.com/images?safe%3Doff%26as_rights%3D(cc_publicdomain%257ccc_attribute%257ccc_sharealike%257ccc_noncommercial%257ccc_nonderived)%26q%3D%2522Franki%2522">brīvi attēli</a></span></small> <div class="hide-when-compact"></div> <div class="hide-when-compact"></div> </div></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r3201466">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text{text-align:left!important}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{display:inline-block}</style> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"> <input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"> <div class="toctitle" lang="lv" dir="ltr"> <h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Satura rādītājs</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span> </div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Franku_izcel%C5%A1an%C4%81s"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Franku izcelšanās</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Franku_c%C4%AB%C5%86as"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Franku cīņas</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Kristiet%C4%ABbas_pie%C5%86em%C5%A1ana"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Kristietības pieņemšana</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Karolingu_dinastija"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Karolingu dinastija</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Feod%C4%81lisma_strukt%C5%ABras_veido%C5%A1an%C4%81s"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Feodālisma struktūras veidošanās</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Franku_valsts_sabrukums"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Franku valsts sabrukums</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#Atsauces"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Atsauces</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#%C4%80r%C4%93j%C4%81s_saites"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Ārējās saites</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Franku_izcelšanās"><span id="Franku_izcel.C5.A1an.C4.81s"></span>Franku izcelšanās</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Franki&action=edit&section=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Franku izcelšanās" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"> <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Att%C4%93ls:Franks_expansion.gif?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-file-description"> <noscript> <img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Franks_expansion.gif/200px-Franks_expansion.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="128" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="790" data-file-height="505"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 128px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Franks_expansion.gif/200px-Franks_expansion.gif" data-width="200" data-height="128" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Franks_expansion.gif/300px-Franks_expansion.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Franks_expansion.gif/400px-Franks_expansion.gif 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a> <figcaption> Franku ekspansija </figcaption> </figure> <p>Franki izveidojās ap <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/3._gadsimts?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="3. gadsimts">3. gadsimta</a> vidu apvienojoties vairākām <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C4%A2erm%C4%81%C5%86i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ģermāņi">ģermāņu</a> ciltīm vienā grupā. Pēc <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romas_imp%C4%93rija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romas impērija">Romas impērijas</a> sabrukuma 5. gadsimtā frankiem bija arvien lielāka loma <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eiropas_v%C4%93sture?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eiropas vēsture">Eiropas vēsturē</a>. Vispārējā haosā, kāds bija bijušās Romas impērijas kādreizējās rietumu provincēs 5. gadsimtā, franki bija tikai viena no dažādajām ģermāņu cilšu koalīcijām, kuras <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Liel%C4%81_tautu_staig%C4%81%C5%A1ana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lielā tautu staigāšana">krustām šķērsām pārstaigāja</a> gandrīz visu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eiropa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eiropa">Eiropas</a> kontinentu, cīnoties savā starpā par labāku teritoriju. Šajā sajukumā franki, kuru teritorija jau bija iezīmējusies lielākajā <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gallija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gallija">Gallijas</a> daļā, arvien vairāk sāka nostiprināties kā dominējošais spēks <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rietumeiropa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rietumeiropa">Rietumeiropā</a>. Militāra meistarība, laba organizācija un talantīgi, enerģiski valdnieki bija tās priekšrocības, kas frankus arvien vairāk izcēla citu tautu vidū. Līdz ar to izveidojās <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franku_valsts?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Franku valsts">Franku valsts</a>. Franki, sava valdnieka <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hlodvigs_I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hlodvigs I">Hlodviga I</a> vadībā, sākotnēji sakāva pēdējā romiešu gubernatora <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Siagrijs&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Siagrijs (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Siagrija</a> spēkus, tad <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Alema%C5%86i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Alemaņi">alemaņus</a> austrumos no <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Reina?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Reina">Reinas</a>, bet pēc tam pieveica arī <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vestgoti?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vestgoti">vestgotus</a>.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Franku_cīņas"><span id="Franku_c.C4.AB.C5.86as"></span>Franku cīņas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Franki&action=edit&section=2&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Franku cīņas" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Av%C4%81ri_(senie)?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Avāri (senie)">Avārus</a> franki iesprostoja <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bav%C4%81rija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bavārija">Bavārijā</a>, piespieda tos pie kalniem, bet pēc tam deva tiem izšķirošo triecienu. Starp citu, šī franku uzvara pār avāriem kļuva par nozīmīgu Eiropas vēstures pagrieziena punktu — tas bija iemesls nozīmīgai <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Centr%C4%81leiropa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Centrāleiropa">Centrālās</a> un <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Austrumeiropa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Austrumeiropa">Austrumeiropas</a> etniski nacionālās struktūras maiņai tālākajos gadsimtos.<sup title="Nepieciešama atsauce">[<a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Atsauces?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikipēdija:Atsauces"><i>nepieciešama atsauce</i></a>]</sup> Izzūdot avāriem pavērās ceļš slāvu ieplūšanai Eiropas vidienē, ko tie arī nekavējās darīt.<sup title="Nepieciešama atsauce">[<a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Atsauces?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikipēdija:Atsauces"><i>nepieciešama atsauce</i></a>]</sup></p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Kristietības_pieņemšana"><span id="Kristiet.C4.ABbas_pie.C5.86em.C5.A1ana"></span>Kristietības pieņemšana</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Franki&action=edit&section=3&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Kristietības pieņemšana" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Tomēr arī šīs uzvaras vēl īpaši neizcēla frankus citu barbaru tautu vidū un nenoteica arī kādu īpašu viņu lomu tālākā Eiropas attīstībā. Par apvērsumu Eiropas civilizācijas veidošanās procesā pēc Romas klasiskā perioda uzskatāma franku pievēršanās <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kristiet%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kristietība">kristietībai</a> — <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Kato%C4%BCtic%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Katoļticība">katoļticībai</a>. Nav drošu ziņu kāpēc tas tā notika. Vēl jo vairāk ņemot vērā, ka par <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hlodvigs_I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hlodvigs I">Hlodvigu</a> vēstures liecības saglabājušas ziņas kā par gudru, nežēlīgu, māņticīgu valdnieku.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iespējams, ka tieši māņticība šeit arī nospēlējusi galveno lomu.<sup title="Nepieciešama atsauce">[<a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Atsauces?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikipēdija:Atsauces"><i>nepieciešama atsauce</i></a>]</sup> Lai nu kā, 5. gadsimta beigās franki pieņēma kristīgo ticību un kļuva par <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romas_Kato%C4%BCu_bazn%C4%ABca?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romas Katoļu baznīca">Romas Katoļu baznīcas</a> un <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romas_p%C4%81vests?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romas pāvests">pāvesta</a> galvenajiem atbalstītājiem.</p> <p>Franku pievēršanās katoļu baznīcai bija izšķirošs faktors arī pretrunu pārvarēšanai starp <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Galli?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Galli">gallu</a>-<a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romie%C5%A1i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Romieši">romiešu</a> un franku augstmaņiem Gallijas teritorijā. Franki, pārņemot katoļticību, ieviesa arī vēl <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romas_imp%C4%93rija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Romas impērija">Romas impērijas</a> laikā iedibinātās provinces pārvaldes institūcijas un kārtību, kā arī laika gaitā izveidojušās zemes un īpašuma attiecības. Rezultātā Gallijā, frankiem integrējoties ar vietējo gallu-romiešu aristokrātiju, sāka veidoties jauna sabiedrības struktūra. Vēl gan bija vajadzīgi vairāki gadsimti, lai šī sabiedrība pilnībā izveidotos kā mūsdienu franču nācija. Taču no Eiropas tālākās attīstības viedokļa galvenais ir tas, ka Eiropas kontinentā bija parādījies militārs un politisks stabilizējošs elements.</p> <p>Tūlīt pēc katoļticības pārņemšanas franki turpināja pakļaut sev plašas teritorijas Eiropā, padarot to vietējos valdniekus par franku karaļa vasaļiem un tādējādi ieliekot pamatus <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Feod%C4%81lisms?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Feodālisms">feodālai</a> sabiedrības organizācijas attīstībai. Franku karalis būtībā bija Romas pāvesta vasalis, savukārt, karaļa tuvākajiem vasaļiem to teritorijās bija gandrīz tāda pat vara, kā karalim pār visu karaļvalsti kopumā.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Karolingu_dinastija">Karolingu dinastija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Franki&action=edit&section=4&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Karolingu dinastija" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <dl> <dd> <div class="noprint"> <i>Pamatraksts: <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karolingu_dinastija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karolingu dinastija">Karolingu dinastija</a> </i> </div> </dd> </dl> <p>Karolingu dinastiju dibina Merovingu dinastijas majordoms <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pipins_%C4%AAsais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pipins Īsais">Pipins Īsais</a>, kas kronējas <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Suasona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Suasona">Suasonā</a> (valda no 752. līdz 768. gadam). Tā dēls ir <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K%C4%81rlis_Lielais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kārlis Lielais">Kārlis Lielais</a>. 43 valdīšanas gados Kārlis pakļāva gandrīz vai visu kristīgās Eiropas pasauli. Tūlīt pēc kāpšanas tronī viņš apspiež sadumpojušos <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Baski?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Baski">baskus</a> un <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Breto%C5%86i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bretoņi">bretoņus</a>. Tad sāka ekspansiju uz <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sak%C5%A1i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sakši">sakšu</a> zemēm (karš ar pārtraukumiem ilga 30 gadus). 772. gadā franki noposta sakšu zemes līdz Vezerai un nocērt to svēto ozolu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Irminsuls&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Irminsuls (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Irminsulu</a>. 774. gadā franki pakļauj <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Langobardi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Langobardi">langobardus</a>. Kārlis sevi sāk dēvēt par "franku un langobardu valdnieku". Pāvests tam piešķir "Romas katoļu valsts aizstāvja" titulu. 776. gadā tiek apspiesti sakšu un langobardu dumpji. 778. gadā franki pāriet <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Pireneji?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Pireneji">Pirenejus</a>, ieņem <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saragosa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saragosa">Saragosu</a> un visu teritoriju līdz <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ebro?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ebro">Ebro</a> upei (atpakaļceļā slavenā <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ronsevalas_kauja&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ronsevalas kauja (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Ronsevalas kauja</a> ar baskiem). Atkal karš ar sakšiem. Karagājieni uz <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Istrija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Istrija">Istriju</a> un <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Pannonija&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Pannonija (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Pannoniju</a>, tad pret <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Brandenburga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Brandenburga">Brandenburgas</a> <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=%C4%BButi%C4%8Di&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ļutiči (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">ļutičiem</a>. Karš ar avāriem, sakšu dumpis. Avāriem atņemtajā teritorijā tiek dibināta <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Ostmarka&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Ostmarka (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Ostmarka</a> (vēlākā <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Austrija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Austrija">Austrija</a>). Šādas "markas" tiek dibinātas visā robežjoslā kā nocietināti, militāri patstāvīgi apgabali markgrāfu pakļautībā. Frankiem sāk maksāt meslus <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/M%C4%93klenburga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Mēklenburga">Mēklenburgas</a> obotriti, Brandenburgas ļutiči, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saksija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saksija">Saksijas</a> sorbi, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Boh%C4%93mija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Bohēmija">Bohēmijas</a> čehi. 800. gadā Kārli Romā kronē par <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Romas_imperators?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Romas imperators">Romas imperatoru</a>. 810. gadā karš ar <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/D%C4%81%C5%86i?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Dāņi">dāņiem</a>, franki pakļauj to sabiedrotos <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Nordalbingi&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Nordalbingi (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">nordalbingus</a> — pēdējo brīvo sakšu cilti. <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/9._gadsimts?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="9. gadsimts">9. gadsimtā</a> franku valsts teritorija plešas no Ebro upes <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Sp%C4%81nija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Spānija">Spānijā</a> līdz Rābas upei Pannonijā un no Eideras ziemeļos līdz Beneventei dienvidos.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Feodālisma_struktūras_veidošanās"><span id="Feod.C4.81lisma_strukt.C5.ABras_veido.C5.A1an.C4.81s"></span>Feodālisma struktūras veidošanās</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Franki&action=edit&section=5&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Feodālisma struktūras veidošanās" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>Bija arī sfēras, kur franki nelabprāt pārņēma Romas mantojumu. Viena no tām bija <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Likumdo%C5%A1ana?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Likumdošana">likumdošana</a>. Frankiem ienākot Gallijā tiem jau pastāvēja savi likumdošanas pamati. Tie, piemēram, neizslēdza <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Asinsatrieb%C4%ABba&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Asinsatriebība (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">asinsatriebību</a>. Tādēļ franku sabiedrībā vēl ilgi saglabājās barbariskā prakse kārtot attiecības ar rūpīgi izplānotu, rafinētu personīgo ienaidnieku nogalināšanas palīdzību. Taču diez vai varētu apgalvot, ka franki šinī ziņā būtu daudz "barbariskāki" par romiešiem. Lai gan Romā asinsatriebība oficiāli netika atzīta, asiņainas izrēķināšanās ar nelabvēļiem vai politiskiem pretiniekiem bija parasta parādība.</p> <p><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hlodvigs_I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hlodvigs I">Hlodviga I</a> militārā veiksme un pievēršanās katoļticībai nostiprināja karaļa absolūto varu, uz kuras balstījās visa vēlākā Eiropas <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Feod%C4%81lisms?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Feodālisms">feodālā</a> <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Politekonomija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Politekonomija">politekonomiskā</a> sistēma. Tomēr karaļa vara un autoritāte nebūt nebija vienīgais šīs sistēmas balsts. Milzīga nozīme feodālās Eiropas attīstībā bija romiešu ieviestajai <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Nodoklis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nodoklis">nodokļu</a> sistēmai, it īpaši ar <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tirdzniec%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tirdzniecība">tirdzniecību</a> saistītiem nodokļiem, ko franki atklāja ierodoties <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Gallija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Gallija">Gallijā</a> un, ko viņi pārņēma gandrīz neizmainītā veidā. Šī sistēma drīz vien sāka „strādāt” feodālās sistēmas materiālai nostiprināšanai.</p> <p>Cits ne mazāk, bet varbūt pat vēl vairāk nozīmīgs feodālisma balsts jau no paša sākuma bija karaļnama dārgumu krātuve, no kuras gadsimtu gaitā visās pasaules valstīs izveidojās valsts <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kase&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kase (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">kase</a> un <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Bud%C5%BEets?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Budžets">budžets</a>, kādus mēs tos pazīstam mūsdienās.<sup title="Nepieciešama atsauce">[<a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Atsauces?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikipēdija:Atsauces"><i>nepieciešama atsauce</i></a>]</sup> Uz šādu šīs institūcijas evolūciju netieši, bet nepārprotami norāda vārdu valodnieciskās saites dažādās valodās. Piemēram, angļu <i>treasure</i> (bagātība, dārgumi) ir sakne vārdam <i>treasury</i>, kas nozīmē gan dārgumu glabātuvi, gan valsts kasi.</p> <p>Tiesa, šis mūsdienu valsts kases aizmetnis franku valsts veidošanās laikā funkcionēja visai atšķirīgi. Karaļa naudas un dārglietu uzkrājumi sākotnēji veidojās, galvenokārt, no kara laupījumiem un pakļauto tautu un valstu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Kontrib%C4%ABcijas&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Kontribīcijas (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">kontribūcijām</a>. Vēlāk galvenais ienākumu avots bija paša karaļnama īpašumi, vasaļu maksājumi, nodokļi. Savukārt karalis nauda un dārglietas izlietoja. lai apdāvinātu savus atbalstītājus, algotu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karasp%C4%93ks?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karaspēks">karaspēku</a>, uzpirktu pretiniekus. Tā veidojās feodālās sistēmas saimnieciskā mehānisma pirmie pamati.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Franku_valsts_sabrukums">Franku valsts sabrukums</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Franki&action=edit&section=6&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Franku valsts sabrukums" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <p>Franku karalim <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K%C4%81rlis_Lielais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kārlis Lielais">Kārlim Lielajam</a> bija palicis dzīvs tikai viens dēls — <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Luijs_Dievbij%C4%ABgais?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="Luijs Dievbijīgais">Luijs Dievbijīgais</a>, tādēļ viņa valdīšanas laikā franku valsts palika vēl nesadalīta. Stabilitāte beidzās līdz ar Luija nāvi, jo viņam bija trīs dēli no pirmā sievas un viens no otrās. Franku valsts saskaņā ar radinieku starpā <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/843?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-redirect" title="843">843</a>. gadā noslēgto <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Verdenas_l%C4%ABgums?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Verdenas līgums">Verdenas līgumu</a> tika sadalīta trijās daļās. Pirmais no Luija dēliem <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lot%C4%81rs_I?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lotārs I">Lotārs I</a> saņēma valsts vidusdaļu, kuru veidoja mūsdienu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/N%C4%ABderlande?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Nīderlande">Nīderlande</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Be%C4%BC%C4%A3ija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Beļģija">Beļģija</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/%C5%A0veice?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Šveice">Šveice</a>, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Elzasa-Lotringa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Elzasa-Lotringa">Elzasa-Lotringa</a> un daļa <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/It%C4%81lija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Itālija">Itālijas</a>. Otrs dēls <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/K%C4%81rlis_II_Plikgalvis?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Kārlis II Plikgalvis">Kārlis II Plikgalvis</a> saņēma valsts rietumdaļu, kura aptuveni atbilst mūsdienu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Francija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Francija">Francijai</a> (<a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rietumfranku_valsts?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rietumfranku valsts">Rietumfranku valsti</a>), bet trešais dēls <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Luijs_V%C4%81cietis&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Luijs Vācietis (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">Luijs Vācietis</a> ieguva austrumdaļu, kas aptuveni atbilst mūsdienu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/V%C4%81cija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vācija">Vācijai</a>. Līdz ar šo sadalījumu ne tikai tika ielikti pirmie vēlākās Eiropas politiskā un teritoriālā sadalījuma pamati, bet arī Eiropas iekšējās pretrunas, kas periodiski izvērsās asiņainos karos, kuri turpinājās līdz pat <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Otrais_pasaules_kar%C5%A1?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Otrais pasaules karš">Otrā pasaules kara</a> beigām.</p> <p><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Karolingu_dinastija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Karolingu dinastija">Karolingu</a> monarhijas kraha rezultātā spēcīgākie un ietekmīgākie kādreizējie karolingu vasaļi pasludināja paši sevi par neatkarīgiem <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monarhija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monarhija">monarhiem</a> vai par <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hercogs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hercogs">hercogiem</a>. Tā, par neatkarīgu hercogisti kļuva <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Akvit%C4%81nija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Akvitānija">Akvitānija</a> (mūsdienu Francijas dienvidu daļa), kurā jau franku karaļvalsts laikā dominēja <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Separ%C4%81tisms?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Separātisms">separātiskas</a> tendences.</p> <p>Tipiska situācija — bijušās franku impērijas iekšējās nesaskaņas nekavējās izmantot citas tautas. Tā, 841. gadā <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikingi?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikingi">vikingi</a> iekuģoja <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/S%C4%93na?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Sēna">Sēnā</a> un izlaupīja <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Ru%C4%81na?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Ruāna">Ruānu</a>, bet 854. gadā tie pilnībā nodedzināja <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Hamburga?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Hamburga">Hamburgu</a>, kuru kā cietoksni tikai pirms dažiem gadu desmitiem (808. gadā) bija nodibinājis Kārlis Lielais. Arī <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Par%C4%ABze?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Parīze">Parīze</a> tika izlaupīta un izpostīta, bet karalim Kārlim Plikgalvim šajā laikā nācās patverties labi nocietinātajā <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Monmartrs?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Monmartrs">Monmartrā</a>. Vikingi 9. gadsimta beigās pilnībā iekaroja Sēnas lejteci un apmetās šajā reģionā, bet viņu virsaitis <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rollo?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rollo">Rollo</a> kļuva par neatkarīgu <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Normandija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Normandija">Normandijas</a> hercogu. Bet <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Provansa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Provansa">Provansas</a> un Itālijas tā brīža valdnieki šajās jukās daudz nedomājot, sevi pasludināja par karaļiem.</p> <p>Gandrīz divus gadsimtus (9. un 10. gadsimtā) Eiropā atkal valdīja sašķeltība, haoss, kari un nemieri. Kādreiz tik varenās Karolingu dinastijas kontrolē vairs bija palikusi tikai Parīze un tuvākā tās apkārtne. Daudzas <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lauksaimniec%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Lauksaimniecība">lauksaimniecības</a> zemes tika pamestas novārtā, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Tirdzniec%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Tirdzniecība">tirdzniecība</a> panīka, pa ceļiem siroja laupītāju bandas un ceļošana pat nelielos attālumos bija kļuvusi nedroša. Šie gadsimti iegājuši Eiropas vēsturē kā „tumšie”.<sup title="Nepieciešama atsauce">[<a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikip%C4%93dija:Atsauces?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikipēdija:Atsauces"><i>nepieciešama atsauce</i></a>]</sup></p> <p>Taču ekonomikā šī lejupslīde vairs nebija tik krasa kā <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Merovingu_dinastija?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Merovingu dinastija">Merovingu dinastijas</a> valdīšanas noslēguma posmā. Tirdzniecība un <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Monet%C4%81r%C4%81_sist%C4%93ma&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Monetārā sistēma (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">monetārā sistēma</a> saglabājās un „atelpas” brīžos starp augstmaņu savstarpējiem kariem pat paplašinājās. Svarīgu lomu šinī ziņā nospēlēja cita tā laika <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Jaunievedums?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Jaunievedums">jaunievedums</a> — Luija Dievbijīgā rīkojums katrā zemē, katrā apgabalā un pilsētā nodibināt pastāvīgu tirgu un tie vēlāk turpināja funkcionēt neskatoties ne uz kādām jukām. Vairums no tiem izveidojās pilsētās gar Sēnas, <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Lu%C4%81ra?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="mw-disambig" title="Luāra">Luāras</a> un <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Rona?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Rona">Ronas</a> upēm, kas atviegloja preču piegādi tirgos pat no attālām vietām. Tas veicināja <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Amatniec%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Amatniecība">amatniecības</a> attīstīšanos pilsētās, preču apmaiņu starp laukiem un pilsētām, visās saimniecības jomās padziļinājās <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Specializ%C4%81cija&action=edit&redlink=1&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" class="new" title="Specializācija (vēl nav uzrakstīts)">specializācija</a>, pieauga <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Darba_ra%C5%BE%C4%ABgums?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Darba ražīgums">darba ražīgums</a>. Līdz ar to karolingu iedibinātā <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Saimniec%C4%ABba?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Saimniecība">saimniecība</a> izrādījās pietiekami dzīvotspējīga <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Eiropa?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Eiropa">Eiropas</a> kontekstā un nodrošināja tās uzplaukumu vēlākajos gadsimtos.</p> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Atsauces">Atsauces</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Franki&action=edit&section=7&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Atsauces" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <div class="references-small" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Franki?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Koenigsberger H.G. Medieval Europe 400-1500. Harlow, England, 1987. gads, 47. lpp</span></li> </ol> </div> </section> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"> <span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span> <h2 id="Ārējās_saites"><span id=".C4.80r.C4.93j.C4.81s_saites"></span>Ārējās saites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Franki&action=edit&section=8&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Labot sadaļu: Ārējās saites" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>labot šo sadaļu</span> </a> </span> </div> <section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span> <noscript> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"> </noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Vikikr%C4%81tuve?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Vikikrātuve">Vikikrātuvē</a> par šo tēmu ir pieejami <a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Multivides?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Multivides">multivides</a> faili. Skatīt: <i><b><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Frankish_people" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Frankish people">Franki</a></b></i>.</li> </ul> <ul> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Frank-people"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bigenc.ru/c/franki-a609da">Krievijas Lielās enciklopēdijas raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(krieviski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/francs/"><i>Encyclopædia Universalis</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(franciski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.worldhistory.org/Franks/">Pasaules vēstures enciklopēdijas raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06238a.htm">Katoļu enciklopēdijas raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eeo.aau.at/eeo.aau.at/index4445.html">Austrumeiropas enciklopēdijas raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(vāciski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://www.krugosvet.ru/enc/istoriya/FRANKI.html">Enciklopēdijas <i>Krugosvet</i> raksts</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(krieviski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/gregory-hist.html">Franku vēsture</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814182657/http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/gregory-hist.html">Arhivēts</a> 2014. gada 14. augustā, <i><a href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/wiki/Wayback_Machine?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i> vietnē. <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://web.archive.org/web/20061016115816/http://www.lucidcafe.com/library/96apr/charlemagne.html">Kārlis Lielais</a> <span style="font-size:0.95em; color:#555;">(angliski)</span></li> </ul>   </section> </div> <noscript> <img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"> </noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet=""> Saturs iegūts no "<a dir="ltr" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title%3DFranki%26oldid%3D4031008">https://lv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Franki&oldid=4031008</a>" </div> </div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"><a class="last-modified-bar" href="https://lv-m-wikipedia-org.translate.goog/w/index.php?title=Franki&action=history&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"><span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Feens" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1711233347"> <span>Pēdējoreiz labots 2024. gada 24. marts 00.35</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div></a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id="mw-data-after-content"> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Valodas</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franke" title="Franke – afrikandu" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Franke" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikandu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franken_(Volk)" title="Franken (Volk) – Šveices vācu" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Franken (Volk)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Šveices vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francos" title="Francos – aragoniešu" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Francos" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francan" title="Francan – senangļu" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Francan" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="senangļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25D9%2586%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A9" title="فرنجة – arābu" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فرنجة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arābu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%2583%25D9%258A%25D9%258A%25D9%2586" title="فرانكيين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فرانكيين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblu_francu" title="Pueblu francu – astūriešu" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pueblu francu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astūriešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklar" title="Franklar – azerbaidžāņu" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Franklar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DA%25A9%25E2%2580%258C%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="فرانک‌لار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فرانک‌لار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BA%25D1%2596" title="Франкі – baltkrievu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Франкі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltkrievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8" title="Франки – bulgāru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Франки" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A6%25AB%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%25B0%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%2599%25E0%25A7%258D%25E0%25A6%2595_%25E0%25A6%259C%25E0%25A6%25BE%25E0%25A6%25A4%25E0%25A6%25BF" title="ফ্রাঙ্ক জাতি – bengāļu" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফ্রাঙ্ক জাতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franked" title="Franked – bretoņu" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Franked" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franci" title="Franci – bosniešu" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Franci" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francs" title="Francs – katalāņu" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Francs" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankov%25C3%25A9" title="Frankové – čehu" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Frankové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čehu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BA%25D1%2581%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BC" title="Франксем – čuvašu" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Франксем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvašu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffranciaid" title="Ffranciaid – velsiešu" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffranciaid" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velsiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankere" title="Frankere – dāņu" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Frankere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franken_(Volk)" title="Franken (Volk) – vācu" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Franken (Volk)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vācu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25CE%25A6%25CF%2581%25CE%25AC%25CE%25B3%25CE%25BA%25CE%25BF%25CE%25B9" title="Φράγκοι – grieķu" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φράγκοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grieķu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franks" title="Franks – angļu" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Franks" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankoj" title="Frankoj – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Frankoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_franco" title="Pueblo franco – spāņu" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblo franco" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frangid" title="Frangid – igauņu" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Frangid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="igauņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankoak" title="Frankoak – basku" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Frankoak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25DA%25A9%25E2%2580%258C%25D9%2587%25D8%25A7" title="فرانک‌ها – persiešu" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرانک‌ها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankit" title="Frankit – somu" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Frankit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="somu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankar" title="Frankar – fēru" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Frankar" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="fēru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francs" title="Francs – franču" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Francs" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franču" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franken_(fulk)" title="Franken (fulk) – ziemeļfrīzu" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Franken (fulk)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ziemeļfrīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franken" title="Franken – rietumfrīzu" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Franken" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="rietumfrīzu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_Frainc" title="Na Frainc – īru" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Na Frainc" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="īru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francos" title="Francos – galisiešu" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Francos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D7%25A4%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A0%25D7%25A7%25D7%2599%25D7%259D" title="פרנקים – ivrits" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרנקים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ivrits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25A4%25AB%25E0%25A4%25BC%25E0%25A5%258D%25E0%25A4%25B0%25E0%25A5%2588%25E0%25A4%2582%25E0%25A4%2595_%25E0%25A4%25B2%25E0%25A5%258B%25E0%25A4%2597" title="फ़्रैंक लोग – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="फ़्रैंक लोग" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franci" title="Franci – horvātu" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Franci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankok" title="Frankok – ungāru" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Frankok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungāru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D5%2596%25D6%2580%25D5%25A1%25D5%25B6%25D5%25AF%25D5%25B6%25D5%25A5%25D6%2580" title="Ֆրանկներ – armēņu" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրանկներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francos" title="Francos – interlingva" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Francos" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Franka" title="Orang Franka – indonēziešu" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Orang Franka" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonēziešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankar" title="Frankar – islandiešu" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Frankar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franchi" title="Franchi – itāļu" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Franchi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E3%2583%2595%25E3%2583%25A9%25E3%2583%25B3%25E3%2582%25AF%25E4%25BA%25BA" title="フランク人 – japāņu" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランク人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A4%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%2591%25E1%2583%2598" title="ფრანკები – gruzīnu" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფრანკები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzīnu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BA%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580" title="Франктер – kazahu" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Франктер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25ED%2594%2584%25EB%259E%2591%25ED%2581%25AC%25EC%259D%25B8" title="프랑크인 – korejiešu" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랑크인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank" title="Frank – kurdu" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Frank" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franci" title="Franci – latīņu" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Franci" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latīņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franco" title="Franco – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Franco" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraanke" title="Fraanke – limburgiešu" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Fraanke" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franch_(p%25C3%25B2pol)" title="Franch (pòpol) – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Franch (pòpol)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankai" title="Frankai – lietuviešu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Frankai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lietuviešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franka_(vahoaka)" title="Franka (vahoaka) – malagasu" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Franka (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8" title="Франки – maķedoniešu" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Франки" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="maķedoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BA" title="Франк – mongoļu" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Франк" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Frank" title="Orang Frank – malajiešu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Frank" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franken" title="Franken – lejassakšu" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Franken" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lejassakšu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franken_(volk)" title="Franken (volk) – holandiešu" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Franken (volk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankarar" title="Frankarar – jaunnorvēģu" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Frankarar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="jaunnorvēģu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankere" title="Frankere – norvēģu bukmols" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Frankere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvēģu bukmols" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francs" title="Francs – oksitāņu" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Francs" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francs" title="Francs – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Francs" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankowie" title="Frankowie – poļu" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Frankowie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francos" title="Francos – portugāļu" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Francos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugāļu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franci" title="Franci – rumāņu" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Franci" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumāņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8" title="Франки – krievu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Франки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="krievu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francos" title="Francos – sardīniešu" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Francos" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franchi" title="Franchi – sicīliešu" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Franchi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicīliešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franci" title="Franci – serbu–horvātu" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Franci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbu–horvātu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franks" title="Franks – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Franks" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankovia" title="Frankovia – slovāku" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Frankovia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovāku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franki" title="Franki – slovēņu" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Franki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovēņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D1%2586%25D0%25B8" title="Франци – serbu" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Франци" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franker" title="Franker – zviedru" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Franker" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="zviedru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafaranki" title="Wafaranki – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wafaranki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E0%25B8%258A%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B8%25A7%25E0%25B9%2581%25E0%25B8%259F%25E0%25B8%25A3%25E0%25B8%2587%25E0%25B8%2581%25E0%25B9%258C" title="ชาวแฟรงก์ – taju" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชาวแฟรงก์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mga_Franco" title="Mga Franco – tagalu" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mga Franco" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankon" title="Frankon – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Frankon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklar" title="Franklar – turku" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Franklar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%2583%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1" title="فرانكلار – uiguru" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="فرانكلار" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D0%25A4%25D1%2580%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B8" title="Франки – ukraiņu" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Франки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiņu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25D9%2581%25D8%25B1%25D9%2586%25DA%25AF%25DB%258C" title="فرنگی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فرنگی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklar" title="Franklar – uzbeku" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Franklar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categoria:Franchi" title="Categoria:Franchi – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Categoria:Franchi" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%25C6%25B0%25E1%25BB%259Di_Frank" title="Người Frank – vjetnamiešu" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Frank" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnamiešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankn" title="Frankn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Frankn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_(katawhan)" title="Frank (katawhan) – varaju" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Frank (katawhan)" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaju" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%25B3%2595%25E5%2585%25B0%25E5%2585%258B%25E4%25BA%25BA" title="法兰克人 – vu ķīniešu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="法兰克人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vu ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E1%2583%25A4%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2599%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A4%25E1%2583%2598" title="ფრანკეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ფრანკეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%25B3%2595%25E8%2598%25AD%25E5%2585%258B%25E4%25BA%25BA" title="法蘭克人 – ķīniešu" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法蘭克人" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ķīniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_l%25C3%25A2ng" title="Frank lâng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Frank lâng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%25E6%25B3%2595%25E8%2598%25AD%25E5%2585%258B%25E4%25BA%25BA" title="法蘭克人 – kantoniešu" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="法蘭克人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoniešu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"> <img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-lv.svg" alt="Vikipēdija" width="120" height="22" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.375em;"> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod">Šī lapa pēdējoreiz labota: 2024. gada 24. marts plkst. 00.35.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Saturs ir pieejams saskaņā ar <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.lv">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, ja vien nav norādīts citādi.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a 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