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class="mw-page-title-main">Venezuela–Vietnam relations</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaciones_Venezuela-Vietnam" title="Relaciones Venezuela-Vietnam – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Relaciones Venezuela-Vietnam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rela%C3%A7%C3%B5es_entre_Venezuela_e_Vietn%C3%A3" title="Relações entre Venezuela e Vietnã – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Relações entre Venezuela e Vietnã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quan_h%E1%BB%87_Venezuela_%E2%80%93_Vi%E1%BB%87t_Nam" title="Quan hệ Venezuela – Việt Nam – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quan hệ Venezuela – Việt Nam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A7%94%E5%85%A7%E7%91%9E%E6%8B%89%E2%80%94%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="委內瑞拉—越南關係 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="委內瑞拉—越南關係" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7919877#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bilateral relations</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><caption class="infobox-title">Venezuela-Vietnam relations</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Venezuela_Vietnam_Locator.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map indicating locations of Venezuela and Vietnam"><img alt="Map indicating locations of Venezuela and Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Venezuela_Vietnam_Locator.png/250px-Venezuela_Vietnam_Locator.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Venezuela_Vietnam_Locator.png/375px-Venezuela_Vietnam_Locator.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Venezuela_Vietnam_Locator.png/500px-Venezuela_Vietnam_Locator.png 2x" data-file-width="1980" data-file-height="1020" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey"></th></tr><tr style="height:0.6em"> <td style="background:#339933;"></td> <td style="background:#E08020;"></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/68px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/90px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></th> <th scope="col" style="width:50%; text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/68px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/90px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></th> </tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightgrey">Diplomatic mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal; text-align:center">Venezuela Embassy, Hanoi</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:center; border-left:thin solid lightgrey;">Vietnam Embassy, Caracas</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> established diplomatic links on December 8, 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vietnam has an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Caracas" title="Caracas">Caracas</a> and Venezuela has an embassy in <a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a>. Though bilateral trade was <a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a>11.7 million in 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-ap-nam_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ap-nam-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> relations show "great potential".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 2008, the two countries have witnessed new developments in various fields, including politics, economics, culture and society, particularly in the oil and gas industry.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="State_visits">State visits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: State visits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vietnamese President <a href="/wiki/Nguy%E1%BB%85n_Minh_Tri%E1%BA%BFt" title="Nguyễn Minh Triết">Nguyễn Minh Triết</a> arrived in Caracas on 18 November 2008 for a two-day official visit on an invitation from Chavez.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Triết hailed Vietnam's friendship with Venezuela as he sought to focus on tying up oil and gas deals, including a joint development fund. He said that, "We (Vietnamese) are grateful for the support and solidarity that they (Venezuelans) have offered us until now." </p><p>After Chavez's visit to Vietnam in 2006, his government stepped up bilateral relations with the country, which also included a visit by the Communist Party General Secretary, <a href="/wiki/N%C3%B4ng_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c_M%E1%BA%A1nh" title="Nông Đức Mạnh">Nông Đức Mạnh</a>, in 2007. <a href="/wiki/Petroleos_de_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="Petroleos de Venezuela">Petroleos de Venezuela</a> and <a href="/wiki/PetroVietnam" class="mw-redirect" title="PetroVietnam">PetroVietnam</a> also announced a number of joint projects since the 2006 visit, including when PetroVietnam's was given a concession in the <a href="/wiki/Orinoco" title="Orinoco">Orinoco</a> basin and an agreement to transport Venezuelan oil to Vietnam, where the two would together build an oil refinery that Vietnam lacks. On the 2006 visit, Chavez praised Vietnam's revolutionary history as he attacked the United States for its "imperialist" crimes in the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. On the 2008 visit, Triết returned similar comments as he lauded a group of Venezuelans who captured a US soldier during the Vietnam war in an unsuccessful bid to prevent the execution of a Vietnamese revolutionary.<sup id="cite_ref-ap-nam_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ap-nam-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two leaders also signed a deal for a $200 million joint fund and 15 cooperation projects.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Agreements">Agreements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Agreements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 2008, an agreement was signed to cooperate in tourism between Vietnam and Venezuela. President Nguyễn Minh Triết received the PDVSA's Vice President Asdrubal Chavez and stated that oil and gas cooperation would become a typical example of their multi-faceted cooperation.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, the Venezuelan government approved <a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a>46.5 million for an agricultural development project with Vietnam.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/32px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/48px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/64px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Venezuela" title="Portal:Venezuela">Venezuela portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/32px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/48px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/64px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Vietnam" title="Portal:Vietnam">Vietnam portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/28px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/42px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/56px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" title="Foreign relations of Venezuela">Foreign relations of Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Foreign relations of Vietnam">Foreign relations of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Myanmar" title="Foreign relations of Myanmar">Foreign relations of Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Myanmar–Venezuela relations">Myanmar–Venezuela relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Vietnamese" title="Overseas Vietnamese">Vietnamese people in Venezuela</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Venezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lưu, Văn Lợi. <i>Fifty Years of Vietnamese Diplomacy, 1945-1995. Volume II, 1975-1995</i>. Hanoi: Thê Gioi Publishers, 2002. p. 284</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ap-nam-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ap-nam_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ap-nam_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090310095109/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jkkCD4fkPFweyP2V8SDQJkGOFu8A">"AFP: Vietnam president hails joint ties in Venezuela visit"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jkkCD4fkPFweyP2V8SDQJkGOFu8A">the original</a> on 2009-03-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AFP%3A+Vietnam+president+hails+joint+ties+in+Venezuela+visit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fafp%2Farticle%2FALeqM5jkkCD4fkPFweyP2V8SDQJkGOFu8A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv/america/nr040819114210/ns071219132542">"- Home Page"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=-+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmofa.gov.vn%2Fen%2Fcn_vakv%2Famerica%2Fnr040819114210%2Fns071219132542&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/nr040807104143/nr040807105001/ns090304081948">"- Vietnam-Venezuela relations bear fruit"</a>. <i>www.mofa.gov.vn</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mofa.gov.vn&rft.atitle=-+Vietnam-Venezuela+relations+bear+fruit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.vn%2Fen%2Fnr040807104143%2Fnr040807105001%2Fns090304081948&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081206134239/http://www.nhandan.com.vn/english/news/201108/domestic_p.htm">"Nhan Dan --- News"</a>. <i>www.nhandan.com.vn</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhandan.com.vn/english/news/201108/domestic_p.htm">the original</a> on 2008-12-06.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.nhandan.com.vn&rft.atitle=Nhan+Dan+---+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhandan.com.vn%2Fenglish%2Fnews%2F201108%2Fdomestic_p.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090310025711/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jL1WR-f-SEhFKgCGZTgXb4LzG1hQ">"AFP: Vietnam and Venezuela set up 200 million dollar joint fund"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jL1WR-f-SEhFKgCGZTgXb4LzG1hQ">the original</a> on 2009-03-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-11-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AFP%3A+Vietnam+and+Venezuela+set+up+200+million+dollar+joint+fund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fafp%2Farticle%2FALeqM5jL1WR-f-SEhFKgCGZTgXb4LzG1hQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/nr040807104143/nr040807105001/ns090810102937">"- State President receives Venezuelan oil corp.'s vice president"</a>. <i>www.mofa.gov.vn</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mofa.gov.vn&rft.atitle=-+State+President+receives+Venezuelan+oil+corp.%27s+vice+president&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.vn%2Fen%2Fnr040807104143%2Fnr040807105001%2Fns090810102937&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVenezuela%E2%80%93Vietnam+relations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/nr040807104143/nr040807105001/ns090330083057">"- Venezuela, Vietnam cooperate in agriculture"</a>. <i>www.mofa.gov.vn</i>.</cite><span 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li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Template:Foreign relations of Vietnam"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Vietnam"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Vietnam"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Vietnam&#124;link=Vietnam_Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam"><img alt="Vietnam" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Vietnam.svg/45px-Flag_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Vietnam" title="Foreign relations of Vietnam">Foreign relations of Vietnam</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Algeria–Vietnam relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Angola–Vietnam relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Kenya–Vietnam relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Libya–Vietnam relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madagascar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Madagascar–Vietnam relations">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Tanzania–Vietnam relations">Tanzania</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Coat of arms of Vietnam"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/90px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/135px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg/180px-Emblem_of_Vietnam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="529" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Canada–Vietnam relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Chile–Vietnam relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Cuba–Vietnam relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Mexico–Vietnam relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Peru–Vietnam relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="United States–Vietnam relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Uruguay–Vietnam relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Afghanistan–Vietnam relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Bangladesh–Vietnam relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Brunei–Vietnam relations">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Cambodia–Vietnam relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="China–Vietnam relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="India–Vietnam relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Indonesia–Vietnam relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Iran–Vietnam relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Iraq–Vietnam relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Israel–Vietnam relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Japan–Vietnam relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Laos–Vietnam relations">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Malaysia–Vietnam relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Mongolia–Vietnam relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Myanmar–Vietnam relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="North Korea–Vietnam relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Pakistan–Vietnam relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Palestine–Vietnam relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Philippines–Vietnam relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Qatar–Vietnam relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Saudi Arabia–Vietnam relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Singapore–Vietnam relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="South Korea–Vietnam relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Taiwan–Vietnam relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Thailand–Vietnam relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Turkey–Vietnam relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="United Arab Emirates–Vietnam relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Austria–Vietnam relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Belarus–Vietnam relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Bulgaria–Vietnam relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Czech Republic–Vietnam relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Denmark–Vietnam relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Finland–Vietnam relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="France–Vietnam relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Germany–Vietnam relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Greece–Vietnam relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Holy See–Vietnam relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Hungary–Vietnam relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Italy–Vietnam relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Luxembourg–Vietnam relations">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Poland–Vietnam relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Russia–Vietnam relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Slovakia–Vietnam relations">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Spain–Vietnam relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Ukraine–Vietnam relations">Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Australia–Vietnam relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="New Zealand–Vietnam relations">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Vietnam–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multilateral relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Vietnam–European Union relations">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Memberships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pacific_Economic_Cooperation" title="Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation">Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Association of Southeast Asian Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Summit" title="East Asia Summit">East Asia Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_and_the_International_Monetary_Fund" title="Vietnam and the International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekong%E2%80%93Ganga_Cooperation" title="Mekong–Ganga Cooperation">Mekong–Ganga Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_internationale_de_la_Francophonie" title="Organisation internationale de la Francophonie">Organisation internationale de la Francophonie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_and_Progressive_Agreement_for_Trans-Pacific_Partnership" title="Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership">Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization (WTO)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Vietnam" title="List of diplomatic missions of Vietnam">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Vietnam" title="List of diplomatic missions in Vietnam">in Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bamboo_diplomacy" title="Bamboo diplomacy">Bamboo diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_Vietnam" title="Foreign aid to Vietnam">Foreign aid to Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_Vietnamese" title="Overseas Vietnamese">Overseas Vietnamese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en">Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Venezuela&#124;link=Venezuela_Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" title="Template:Foreign relations of Venezuela"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Venezuela"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Venezuela"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Venezuela&#124;link=Venezuela_Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela"><img alt="Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Venezuela" title="Foreign relations of Venezuela">Foreign relations of Venezuela</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Equatorial Guinea–Venezuela relations">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Kenya–Venezuela relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic–Venezuela relations">Sahrawi Republic</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Venezuela"><img alt="Coat of arms of Venezuela" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="558" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Antigua and Barbuda–Venezuela relations">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Argentina–Venezuela relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Belize–Venezuela relations">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Bolivia–Venezuela relations">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Brazil–Venezuela relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Canada–Venezuela relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Chile–Venezuela relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Colombia–Venezuela relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Cuba–Venezuela relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuador%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Ecuador–Venezuela relations">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="El Salvador–Venezuela relations">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Guatemala–Venezuela relations">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guyana%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Guyana–Venezuela relations">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Haiti–Venezuela relations">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Jamaica–Venezuela relations">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Mexico–Venezuela relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Panama–Venezuela relations">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguay%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Paraguay–Venezuela relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Peru–Venezuela relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Suriname–Venezuela relations">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobago%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Trinidad and Tobago–Venezuela relations">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="United States–Venezuela relations">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Uruguay–Venezuela relations">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Abkhazia–Venezuela relations">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Venezuela relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Bangladesh–Venezuela relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="China–Venezuela relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="India–Venezuela relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Indonesia–Venezuela relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Iran–Venezuela relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Israel–Venezuela relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Japan–Venezuela relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Malaysia–Venezuela relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Myanmar–Venezuela relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="North Korea–Venezuela relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Palestine–Venezuela relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Philippines–Venezuela relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="South Ossetia–Venezuela relations">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="South Korea–Venezuela relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Syria–Venezuela relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Taiwan–Venezuela relations">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Turkey–Venezuela relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Belarus–Venezuela relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Denmark–Venezuela relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="France–Venezuela relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Germany–Venezuela relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Greece–Venezuela relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Holy See–Venezuela relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Italy–Venezuela relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Kosovo–Venezuela relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Netherlands–Venezuela relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Poland–Venezuela relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Portugal–Venezuela relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Russia–Venezuela relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Serbia–Venezuela relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Spain–Venezuela relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Sweden–Venezuela relations">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Ukraine–Venezuela relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="United Kingdom–Venezuela relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Venezuela%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Venezuela–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarian_Alliance_for_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas">Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_States" title="Community of Latin American and Caribbean States">Community of Latin American and Caribbean States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrocaribe" title="Petrocaribe">Petrocaribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Venezuela" title="List of diplomatic missions of Venezuela">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Venezuela" title="List of diplomatic missions in Venezuela">in Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Disputes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guyana%E2%80%93Venezuela_territorial_dispute" title="Guyana–Venezuela territorial dispute">Guayana Esequiba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Venezuela" title="Gulf of Venezuela">Gulf of Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez_administration" title="Foreign policy of the Hugo Chávez administration">Foreign policy of the Hugo Chávez administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betancourt_Doctrine" title="Betancourt Doctrine">Betancourt Doctrine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ministers_of_foreign_affairs_of_Venezuela" title="List of ministers of foreign affairs of Venezuela">List of ministers of foreign affairs of Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 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