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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2016</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Tone plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Tone" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <b>tone or style may not reflect the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">encyclopedic tone</a> used on Wikipedia</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> See Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">guide to writing better articles</a> for suggestions.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 2011, as the widely reported protests sparked off by <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Bouazizi" title="Mohamed Bouazizi">Mohamed Bouazizi</a>'s self-immolation in <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> began to have a clear impact on the Tunisian government, a wave of <a href="/wiki/Self-immolation" title="Self-immolation">self-immolations</a> swept <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>. These individual acts of protest mostly took place in front of a government building following an unsuccessful approach to the authorities. Four self-immolators died of their burns.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jeune_Afrique_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeune_Afrique-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Initial_incidents_and_first_victims">Initial incidents and first victims</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Algerian_self-immolations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Initial incidents and first victims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It began on 12 January, when 26-year-old Mohamed Aouichia set himself on fire in <a href="/wiki/Bordj_Menaiel" class="mw-redirect" title="Bordj Menaiel">Bordj Menaiel</a> in the compound of the <i><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Algeria" title="Districts of Algeria">daira</a></i> building. He had been sharing a room of 30 square meters with seven other people, including his sister, since 2003; he had repeatedly approached local authorities to get on the social housing list and been rebuffed.<sup id="cite_ref-courrierinternational1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-courrierinternational1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has so far survived. </p><p>On 13 January, <a href="/wiki/Mohsen_Bouterfif" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohsen Bouterfif">Mohsen Bouterfif</a>, a 37-year-old father of two, set himself on fire. He had gone with about twenty other youths to protest in front of the town hall of <a href="/wiki/Boukhadra" title="Boukhadra">Boukhadra</a> in Tebessa demanding jobs and houses, after the mayor refused to receive them. According to one testimony, the mayor shouted to them: "If you have courage, do like Bouazizi did, set yourself on fire!"<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His death was reported on 16 January, and about 100 youths protested his death causing the provincial governor to sack the mayor.<sup id="cite_ref-bouterfif_aljaz_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bouterfif_aljaz-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, hospital staff the following day claimed he was still alive, though in critical condition.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network" title="Al Jazeera Media Network">Al Jazeera</a> described the suicide as "echoing the <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Bouazizi#Confiscation_of_wares_and_self-immolation" title="Mohamed Bouazizi">self-immolation</a> that triggered the <a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%932011_Tunisian_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2010–2011 Tunisian protests">protests</a> that toppled the leader of neighboring Tunisia."<sup id="cite_ref-bouterfif_aljaz_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bouterfif_aljaz-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He finally died on 24 January at a hospital in Annaba.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Following_immolations">Following immolations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Algerian_self-immolations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Following immolations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These suicides were followed by dozens more attempted or successful self-immolations across the country, so far without triggering nationwide demonstrations, most of them after the Tunisian dictator <a href="/wiki/Zine_El_Abidine_Ben_Ali" title="Zine El Abidine Ben Ali">Zine El Abidine Ben Ali</a> fled his country on 14 January; cases included: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January">January</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Algerian_self-immolations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: January"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>14 January: <ul><li>Said H. (26 years old, unemployed bachelor), in front of the Urban Security offices in <a href="/wiki/Jijel" title="Jijel">Jijel</a>; taken to hospital with no visits allowed.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>15 January: <ul><li>Senouci Touati (34 years old, unemployed), in <a href="/wiki/Mostaganem" title="Mostaganem">Mostaganem</a> - had not heard of the previous Algerian cases; frustrated by what he considered an unjustified discharge from the army without a pension.<sup id="cite_ref-courrierinternational1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-courrierinternational1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>16 January: <ul><li>About 20 <i><a href="/wiki/Harraga" title="Harraga">harraga</a></i> (would-be illegal emigrants) from <a href="/wiki/Annaba" title="Annaba">Annaba</a>, who attempted to set their boat on fire when approached by the coast guard; the fire was extinguished, but the fate of two of the people on the boat is unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>17 January: <ul><li>Maamir Lotfi (36 years old, unemployed father of four), in front of the <a href="/wiki/El_Oued" title="El Oued">El Oued</a> town hall; had unsuccessfully asked to meet the governor; taken to hospital with second-degree burns;<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> died on 12 February<sup id="cite_ref-Jeune_Afrique_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeune_Afrique-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>18 January: <ul><li>Karim Benidine (35-year-old bachelor said to have mental problems), in front of the town hall in <a href="/wiki/Dellys" title="Dellys">Dellys</a>, critically burned and transferred to hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He died from his burns on 22 January at Douera hospital in Algiers.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A young man (23 years old), at <a href="/wiki/Berriane" title="Berriane">Berriane</a> in the Sahara; attempted to burn himself in front of the <i>daira</i> office; saved with only light burns on his right foot<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>19 January: <ul><li>Afif Hadri (37-year-old father of six), in <a href="/wiki/El_Oued" title="El Oued">El Oued</a>, saved in time by onlookers.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>G. Seguir (54 years old, blind and handicapped), in <a href="/wiki/M%27Sila" class="mw-redirect" title="M'Sila">M'Sila</a>, covered himself in an Algerian flag and sprinkled himself, his 11-year-old son, and his 8-year-old daughter with petrol while standing in front of the <a href="/wiki/Wilaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilaya">wilaya</a> seat, threatening to set himself and them on fire. After an hour of tense negotiations with an official, he let the children go and tried to set himself on fire; the onlookers managed to stop the fire and took him to hospital. Reportedly, the immediate provocation was that his family's electricity had been left cut off by <a href="/wiki/Sonelgaz" title="Sonelgaz">Sonelgaz</a> even after he scraped together the money to pay the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>K. L. (26 years old), inside the tribunal of <a href="/wiki/Ras_El_Oued,_Algeria" title="Ras El Oued, Algeria">Ras El Oued</a> near <a href="/wiki/Bordj_Bou_Arreridj" class="mw-redirect" title="Bordj Bou Arreridj">Bordj Bou Arreridj</a>, after the authorities refused to return his motorcycle which was confiscated after an accident; he was stopped quickly, and survived with only light burns.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <p>The Ministry of Religious Affairs responded to this wave of self-immolations by devoting the Friday sermons of 21 January to admonitions of patience and reminders that suicide is forbidden in Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, some cases continued to be reported over coming days: </p> <ul><li>23 January: <ul><li>A teenager in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oued_Taourrira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oued Taourrira (page does not exist)">Oued Taourrira</a> near <a href="/wiki/Sidi_Bel_Abbes" class="mw-redirect" title="Sidi Bel Abbes">Sidi Bel Abbes</a> set himself on fire, apparently following a family altercation.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>25 January: <ul><li>Kamel Bouria (38-year-old fireman, father of one), in <a href="/wiki/Oum_El_Bouaghi" title="Oum El Bouaghi">Oum El Bouaghi</a>, set himself on fire following workplace difficulties. Another fireman at the same station, Karim Mehanaine, had threatened to do the same some days earlier, but been dissuaded.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>26 January: <ul><li>A young man (26–28 years old, unemployed) in front of the wilaya seat at <a href="/wiki/Djelfa" title="Djelfa">Djelfa</a>, who shouted "Hagrouni" (They have wronged me) as he burned; said to have been protesting exclusion from the housing list<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>28 January: <ul><li>Abdelhafid Boudechicha (destitute 29-year-old day labourer living with his parents and five siblings), at <a href="/wiki/Medjana" title="Medjana">Medjana</a>, who shouted repeatedly "I'm fed up!" then asked his mother's forgiveness - died the next day of his burns. Said by his friends to have despaired of ever finding a job or housing.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>29 January: <ul><li>B. S. (29 years old, son of an entrepreneur from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aachacha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aachacha (page does not exist)">Aachacha</a>), in front of Mohamed Khemisti High School next to the wilaya seat at <a href="/wiki/Mostaganem" title="Mostaganem">Mostaganem</a> - suffered third-degree burns. According to security forces, this was related to disappointment in love.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>30 January: <ul><li>A Local Development Bank security guard at Staoueli (Algiers) attempted to burn himself in the course of a protest by bank workers against the bank's director.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>S. Hakimi (about 30 years old, working at the water company ADE) - sprinkled himself with petrol at ADE's director's office in <a href="/wiki/Tizi_Ouzou" title="Tizi Ouzou">Tizi Ouzou</a> but was stopped from setting himself alight, apparently protesting an arbitrary transfer.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="February">February</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Algerian_self-immolations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: February"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>6 February: <ul><li>At a protest called for by the National Committee for the Rights of the Unemployed, a young man with a job as a security guard on 6000 dinars a month drenches himself in petrol, but is stopped before managing to light a match.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>9 February: <ul><li>A 25-year-old man from <a href="/wiki/Chrea" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrea">Chrea</a> near <a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9bessa" title="Tébessa">Tebessa</a> sets himself on fire in protest of police's failure to respond to his complaint of having been beaten up; he is taken to hospital badly injured.</li></ul></li></ul> <p><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>18 February: <ul><li>A married man threatens to set himself on fire at the daira office of Sidi M'hamed (<a href="/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a>), but is dissuaded, and instead got to see the governor, Rabah Mokdad, about his housing problems.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>21 February: <ul><li>Three fathers formerly working at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Socothyd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Socothyd (page does not exist)">Socothyd</a> (a cotton factory), M. Ahmed, K. Sadek et S. Farid, between 35 and 43 years old, attempt to set themselves on fire in <a href="/wiki/Issers" title="Issers">Issers</a> near <a href="/wiki/Boumerdes" class="mw-redirect" title="Boumerdes">Boumerdes</a>, after their requests to return to the jobs they had been fired from in 2006 were rejected. They had been fired in the wake of a strike campaign against the privatisation of the factory. They were stopped with some injuries and taken to hospital.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October">October</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Algerian_self-immolations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>4 October <ul><li>A 19-year-old, who was refused permission to resit the Baccalaureat exam at his former secondary school in Oran<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>8 October <ul><li>An Algerian woman in Oran died after setting herself and her three-year-old son on fire. She had been evicted from her flat, for which she had recently paid her life savings amounting to 28,000 dollars</li> <li>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Algerian_self-immolations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Self-immolations_in_Tunisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-immolations in Tunisia">Self-immolations in Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Bulgarian_self-immolations" class="mw-redirect" title="2013 Bulgarian self-immolations">2013 Bulgarian self-immolations</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Algerian_self-immolations&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110204162256/http://www.ennaharonline.com/en/news/5671.html">"Algeria: Third death by self-immolation"</a>. Ennahar Online. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ennaharonline.com/en/news/5671.html">the original</a> on 2011-02-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Algeria%3A+Third+death+by+self-immolation&rft.pub=Ennahar+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ennaharonline.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2F5671.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jeune_Afrique-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jeune_Afrique_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jeune_Afrique_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/ARTJAWEB20110212105526/algerie-pauvrete-tunisie-manifestationquatrieme-deces-par-immolation-en-algerie-a-la-veille-de-la-marche-du-12-fevrier.html">"Jeune Afrique, 12/01/2011, Quatrième décès par immolation en Algérie, à la veille de la marche du 12 février"</a>. Jeune Afrique. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110215082132/http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/ARTJAWEB20110212105526/algerie-pauvrete-tunisie-manifestationquatrieme-deces-par-immolation-en-algerie-a-la-veille-de-la-marche-du-12-fevrier.html">Archived</a> from the original on 15 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeune+Afrique%2C+12%2F01%2F2011%2C+Quatri%C3%A8me+d%C3%A9c%C3%A8s+par+immolation+en+Alg%C3%A9rie%2C+%C3%A0+la+veille+de+la+marche+du+12+f%C3%A9vrier&rft.pub=Jeune+Afrique&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jeuneafrique.com%2FArticle%2FARTJAWEB20110212105526%2Falgerie-pauvrete-tunisie-manifestationquatrieme-deces-par-immolation-en-algerie-a-la-veille-de-la-marche-du-12-fevrier.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-courrierinternational1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-courrierinternational1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-courrierinternational1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2011/01/21/je-brule-donc-je-suis">"Courrier International, 21/01/2011, "Je brûle donc je suis"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Courrierinternational.com. 2011-01-21. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110124191523/http://www.courrierinternational.com/article/2011/01/21/je-brule-donc-je-suis">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-01-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Courrier+International%2C+21%2F01%2F2011%2C+%22Je+br%C3%BBle+donc+je+suis%22&rft.pub=Courrierinternational.com&rft.date=2011-01-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.courrierinternational.com%2Farticle%2F2011%2F01%2F21%2Fje-brule-donc-je-suis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110128205205/http://dna-algerie.com/politique/42-interieure/1210-le-maire-a-mohcin-bouterfif-l-si-tu-as-du-courage-fais-comme-bouazizi-immole-toi-par-le-feu-r.html/">"Le maire à Mohcin Bouterfif : " Si tu as du courage, fais comme Bouazizi, immole-toi par le feu "<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dna-algerie.com/politique/42-interieure/1210-le-maire-a-mohcin-bouterfif-l-si-tu-as-du-courage-fais-comme-bouazizi-immole-toi-par-le-feu-r.html">the original</a> on 2011-01-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+maire+%C3%A0+Mohcin+Bouterfif+%3A+%22+Si+tu+as+du+courage%2C+fais+comme+Bouazizi%2C+immole-toi+par+le+feu+%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdna-algerie.com%2Fpolitique%2F42-interieure%2F1210-le-maire-a-mohcin-bouterfif-l-si-tu-as-du-courage-fais-comme-bouazizi-immole-toi-par-le-feu-r.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bouterfif_aljaz-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bouterfif_aljaz_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bouterfif_aljaz_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2011/01/20111162363063915.html">"Algerian dies from self-immolation"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110217081340/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2011/01/20111162363063915.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-02-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Algerian+dies+from+self-immolation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.aljazeera.net%2Fnews%2Fafrica%2F2011%2F01%2F20111162363063915.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/ARTJAWEB20110117084410/algerie-pauvrete-tunisie-mostaganemvague-de-tentatives-de-suicide-par-le-feu-en-algerie.html">"Vague de tentatives de suicide par le feu en Algérie"</a>. Jeune Afrique. 2001-01-17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110120040940/http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/ARTJAWEB20110117084410/algerie-pauvrete-tunisie-mostaganemvague-de-tentatives-de-suicide-par-le-feu-en-algerie.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-01-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vague+de+tentatives+de+suicide+par+le+feu+en+Alg%C3%A9rie&rft.pub=Jeune+Afrique&rft.date=2001-01-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jeuneafrique.com%2FArticle%2FARTJAWEB20110117084410%2Falgerie-pauvrete-tunisie-mostaganemvague-de-tentatives-de-suicide-par-le-feu-en-algerie.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXinhua2011" class="citation web cs1">Xinhua (2011-01-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/xinhua/2011-01-25/content_1642189.html">"Algeria reports 2nd death of self-immolation"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/China_Daily" title="China Daily">China Daily</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=China+Daily&rft.atitle=Algeria+reports+2nd+death+of+self-immolation&rft.date=2011-01-25&rft.au=Xinhua&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chinadaily.com.cn%2Fxinhua%2F2011-01-25%2Fcontent_1642189.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2016">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hIieaAjXEknufAnVTWckOC1QTiQA?docId=CNG.83a73467b5bde9d78bcc4ea009d81b00.7d1">AFP, 17/01/2011, <i>Un Algérien s'immole par le feu</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120213090855/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5hIieaAjXEknufAnVTWckOC1QTiQA?docId=CNG.83a73467b5bde9d78bcc4ea009d81b00.7d1">Archived</a> 2012-02-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/ils-ont-tente-de-mettre-fin-a-leur-vie-17-01-2011-107513_109.php">El Watan, 17/01/2011, <i>Jijel : Le jeune Saïd évacué à Aïn Naâdja</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110121063059/http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/ils-ont-tente-de-mettre-fin-a-leur-vie-17-01-2011-107513_109.php">Archived</a> 2011-01-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jijel.info/content/prions-pour-saïd">Jijel.info, 19/11/2011, "Prions pour Saïd"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120306220048/http://jijel.info/content/prions-pour-sa%C3%AFd">Archived</a> 2012-03-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110121063104/http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/une-vingtaine-de-harraga-brulent-leur-embarcation-18-01-2011-107691_109.php">"El Watan, 18/01/2011, "Une vingtaine de harraga brûlent leur embarcation"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Elwatan.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/une-vingtaine-de-harraga-brulent-leur-embarcation-18-01-2011-107691_109.php">the original</a> on 2011-01-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+Watan%2C+18%2F01%2F2011%2C+%22Une+vingtaine+de+harraga+br%C3%BBlent+leur+embarcation%22&rft.pub=Elwatan.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Factualite%2Fune-vingtaine-de-harraga-brulent-leur-embarcation-18-01-2011-107691_109.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/un-jeune-a-tente-de-s-immoler-par-le-feu-au-siege-de-l-apw-d-el-oued-17-01-2011-107600_109.php">"El Watan, 17/01/2011, Un jeune a tenté de s'immoler par le feu au siège de l'APW d'El Oued"</a>. Elwatan.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+Watan%2C+17%2F01%2F2011%2C+Un+jeune+a+tent%C3%A9+de+s%27immoler+par+le+feu+au+si%C3%A8ge+de+l%27APW+d%27El+Oued&rft.pub=Elwatan.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Factualite%2Fun-jeune-a-tente-de-s-immoler-par-le-feu-au-siege-de-l-apw-d-el-oued-17-01-2011-107600_109.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5img-ynFlpYF13EXdIZgg3RTMc9rA?docId=CNG.214b827978fda9860aa914900d62055f.6c1">AFP, 19/01/2011, <i>Algérie: 7e tentative d'immolation par le feu dans l'est du pays</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120212205726/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5img-ynFlpYF13EXdIZgg3RTMc9rA?docId=CNG.214b827978fda9860aa914900d62055f.6c1">Archived</a> 2012-02-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.letempsdz.com/content/view/51761/1/">Le Temps, 19/01/2011, <i>3 personnes s'immolent par le feu à Dellys, Sidi Bel Abbès et El Oued</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713202058/http://www.letempsdz.com/content/view/51761/1/">Archived</a> 2011-07-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110126001719/http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/boumerdes-le-citoyen-qui-s-est-immole-par-le-feu-a-dellys-succombe-a-ses-blessures-23-01-2011-108410_109.php">"El Watan, 23/01/2011, "Boumerdès : le citoyen qui s'est immolé par le feu à Dellys succombe à ses blessures"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Elwatan.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/boumerdes-le-citoyen-qui-s-est-immole-par-le-feu-a-dellys-succombe-a-ses-blessures-23-01-2011-108410_109.php">the original</a> on 2011-01-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+Watan%2C+23%2F01%2F2011%2C+%22Boumerd%C3%A8s+%3A+le+citoyen+qui+s%27est+immol%C3%A9+par+le+feu+%C3%A0+Dellys+succombe+%C3%A0+ses+blessures%22&rft.pub=Elwatan.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Factualite%2Fboumerdes-le-citoyen-qui-s-est-immole-par-le-feu-a-dellys-succombe-a-ses-blessures-23-01-2011-108410_109.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20110123073713/http://www.monde-presse.com/algerie/2034-dellysberriane-et-el-oued-trois-autres-cas-dimmolation">"Dellys,Berriane et El-Oued, Trois autres cas d'immolation"</a>. Monde-presse.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monde-presse.com/algerie/2034-dellysberriane-et-el-oued-trois-autres-cas-dimmolation">the original</a> on 2011-01-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dellys%2CBerriane+et+El-Oued%2C+Trois+autres+cas+d%27immolation&rft.pub=Monde-presse.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monde-presse.com%2Falgerie%2F2034-dellysberriane-et-el-oued-trois-autres-cas-dimmolation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leparisien.fr/international/en-algerie-un-vendeur-a-la-sauvette-tente-de-s-immoler-par-le-feu-19-01-2011-1234330.php">"Le Parisien, 19/01/2011, "En Algérie, un vendeur à la sauvette tente de s'immoler par le feu"</a>. Leparisien.fr. 2011-01-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+Parisien%2C+19%2F01%2F2011%2C+%22En+Alg%C3%A9rie%2C+un+vendeur+%C3%A0+la+sauvette+tente+de+s%27immoler+par+le+feu&rft.pub=Leparisien.fr&rft.date=2011-01-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.leparisien.fr%2Finternational%2Fen-algerie-un-vendeur-a-la-sauvette-tente-de-s-immoler-par-le-feu-19-01-2011-1234330.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110124022317/http://www.elwatan.com//weekend//7jours//immolation-je-brule-donc-je-suis-21-01-2011-108133_178.php">"Immolation : Je brûle, donc je suis"</a>. <i>El Watan</i> (in French). 2011-01-21. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/weekend/7jours/immolation-je-brule-donc-je-suis-21-01-2011-108133_178.php">the original</a> on 2011-01-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Watan&rft.atitle=Immolation+%3A+Je+br%C3%BBle%2C+donc+je+suis&rft.date=2011-01-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Fweekend%2F7jours%2Fimmolation-je-brule-donc-je-suis-21-01-2011-108133_178.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liberte-algerie.com/edit.php?id=149427&titre=Un%20p%E8re%20de%20famille%20tente%20de%20s%92immoler%20avec%20ses%20deux%20enfants">"Pour se plaindre de ses conditions de vie à M'Sila: Un père de famille tente de s'immoler avec ses deux enfants"</a>. <i>Liberté</i> (in French). 2011-01-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Libert%C3%A9&rft.atitle=Pour+se+plaindre+de+ses+conditions+de+vie+%C3%A0+M%27Sila%3A+Un+p%C3%A8re+de+famille+tente+de+s%27immoler+avec+ses+deux+enfants&rft.date=2011-01-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liberte-algerie.com%2Fedit.php%3Fid%3D149427%26titre%3DUn%2520p%25E8re%2520de%2520famille%2520tente%2520de%2520s%2592immoler%2520avec%2520ses%2520deux%2520enfants&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110123013239/http://www.elwatan.com/une/un-pere-et-ses-deux-enfants-tentent-de-s-immoler-a-m-sila-20-01-2011-108061_108.php">"Un père et ses deux enfants tentent de s'immoler à M'sila !"</a>. <i>El Watan</i> (in French). 2011-01-20. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/une/un-pere-et-ses-deux-enfants-tentent-de-s-immoler-a-m-sila-20-01-2011-108061_108.php">the original</a> on 2011-01-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Watan&rft.atitle=Un+p%C3%A8re+et+ses+deux+enfants+tentent+de+s%27immoler+%C3%A0+M%27sila+%21&rft.date=2011-01-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Fune%2Fun-pere-et-ses-deux-enfants-tentent-de-s-immoler-a-m-sila-20-01-2011-108061_108.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110124022317/http://www.elwatan.com//weekend//7jours//immolation-je-brule-donc-je-suis-21-01-2011-108133_178.php">"Immolation : Je brûle, donc je suis"</a>. <i>El Watan</i> (in French). 2011-01-21. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/weekend/7jours/immolation-je-brule-donc-je-suis-21-01-2011-108133_178.php">the original</a> on 2011-01-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Watan&rft.atitle=Immolation+%3A+Je+br%C3%BBle%2C+donc+je+suis&rft.date=2011-01-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Fweekend%2F7jours%2Fimmolation-je-brule-donc-je-suis-21-01-2011-108133_178.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.liberte-algerie.com/edit.php?id=149426&titre=Les%20imams%20déclarent%20">"illicite"%20l’immolation%20par%20le%20feu "Les imams déclarent "illicite" l'immolation par le feu"</a>. <i>Liberté</i> (in French). 2011-01-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Libert%C3%A9&rft.atitle=Les+imams+d%C3%A9clarent+%22illicite%22+l%27immolation+par+le+feu&rft.date=2011-01-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.liberte-algerie.com%2Fedit.php%3Fid%3D149426%26titre%3DLes%2520imams%2520d%C3%A9clarent%2520%22illicite%22%2520l%E2%80%99immolation%2520par%2520le%2520feu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110128033418/http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/un-adolescent-tente-de-se-suicider-en-s-immolant-par-le-feu-a-oued-taourrira-sidi-bel-abbes-25-01-2011-108754_109.php">"Un adolescent tente de se suicider en s'immolant par le feu à Oued Taourrira (Sidi Bel Abbès)"</a>. El Watan. 2011-01-25. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/un-adolescent-tente-de-se-suicider-en-s-immolant-par-le-feu-a-oued-taourrira-sidi-bel-abbes-25-01-2011-108754_109.php">the original</a> on 2011-01-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Un+adolescent+tente+de+se+suicider+en+s%27immolant+par+le+feu+%C3%A0+Oued+Taourrira+%28Sidi+Bel+Abb%C3%A8s%29&rft.pub=El+Watan&rft.date=2011-01-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Factualite%2Fun-adolescent-tente-de-se-suicider-en-s-immolant-par-le-feu-a-oued-taourrira-sidi-bel-abbes-25-01-2011-108754_109.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenslimane2011" class="citation web cs1">Benslimane, Mehdi (2011-01-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110127022727/http://dna-algerie.com/politique/42-interieure/1217-seconde-tentative-dimmolation-dans-une-caserne-a-oum-el-bouaghi-lacte-desespere-dun-pompier.html">"Tentative d'immolation dans une caserne à Oum El Bouaghi : L'acte désespéré d'un pompier"</a>. DNA. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dna-algerie.com/politique/42-interieure/1217-seconde-tentative-dimmolation-dans-une-caserne-a-oum-el-bouaghi-lacte-desespere-dun-pompier.html">the original</a> on 2011-01-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-01-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tentative+d%27immolation+dans+une+caserne+%C3%A0+Oum+El+Bouaghi+%3A+L%27acte+d%C3%A9sesp%C3%A9r%C3%A9+d%27un+pompier&rft.pub=DNA&rft.date=2011-01-25&rft.aulast=Benslimane&rft.aufirst=Mehdi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdna-algerie.com%2Fpolitique%2F42-interieure%2F1217-seconde-tentative-dimmolation-dans-une-caserne-a-oum-el-bouaghi-lacte-desespere-dun-pompier.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSemmar2011" class="citation web cs1">Semmar, Abderrahmane (2011-01-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110128015726/http://www.elwatan.com/une/un-jeune-s-immole-a-djelfa-26-01-2011-108919_108.php">"Un jeune s'immole à Djelfa"</a>. El Watan. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/une/un-jeune-s-immole-a-djelfa-26-01-2011-108919_108.php">the original</a> on January 28, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-01-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Un+jeune+s%27immole+%C3%A0+Djelfa&rft.pub=El+Watan&rft.date=2011-01-26&rft.aulast=Semmar&rft.aufirst=Abderrahmane&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Fune%2Fun-jeune-s-immole-a-djelfa-26-01-2011-108919_108.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFB.2011" class="citation web cs1">B., A. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-01-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Un+jeune+d%C3%A9c%C3%A8de+apr%C3%A8s+s%27%C3%AAtre+immol%C3%A9+par+le+feu+%C3%A0+Bordj+Bou+Arr%C3%A9ridj&rft.pub=El+Watan&rft.date=2011-01-29&rft.aulast=B.&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Factualite%2Fun-jeune-decede-apres-s-etre-immole-par-le-feu-a-bordj-bou-arreridj-29-01-2011-109323_109.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYacine2011" class="citation web cs1">Yacine, A. (2011-01-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110131054240/http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/une-seconde-tentative-d-immolation-a-mostaganem-29-01-2011-109328_109.php">"Une seconde tentative d'immolation à Mostaganem"</a>. El Watan. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/une-seconde-tentative-d-immolation-a-mostaganem-29-01-2011-109328_109.php">the original</a> on 2011-01-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-01-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Une+seconde+tentative+d%27immolation+%C3%A0+Mostaganem&rft.pub=El+Watan&rft.date=2011-01-29&rft.aulast=Yacine&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Factualite%2Fune-seconde-tentative-d-immolation-a-mostaganem-29-01-2011-109328_109.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAber2011" class="citation web cs1">Aber, Imen (2011-01-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110131170611/http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/un-travailleur-de-la-bdl-tente-de-s-immoler-par-le-feu-a-staoueli-30-01-2011-109459_109.php">"Un travailleur de la BDL tente de s'immoler par le feu à Staoueli"</a>. El Watan. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/un-travailleur-de-la-bdl-tente-de-s-immoler-par-le-feu-a-staoueli-30-01-2011-109459_109.php">the original</a> on 2011-01-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-01-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Un+travailleur+de+la+BDL+tente+de+s%27immoler+par+le+feu+%C3%A0+Staoueli&rft.pub=El+Watan&rft.date=2011-01-30&rft.aulast=Aber&rft.aufirst=Imen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Factualite%2Fun-travailleur-de-la-bdl-tente-de-s-immoler-par-le-feu-a-staoueli-30-01-2011-109459_109.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAzzouzi2011" class="citation web cs1">Azzouzi, Hafid (2011-01-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110131170606/http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/tizi-ouzou-tentative-d-immolation-devant-le-siege-de-l-ade-30-01-2011-109462_109.php">"Tizi Ouzou : Tentative d'immolation devant le siège de l'ADE"</a>. El Watan. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/tizi-ouzou-tentative-d-immolation-devant-le-siege-de-l-ade-30-01-2011-109462_109.php">the original</a> on 2011-01-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-01-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tizi+Ouzou+%3A+Tentative+d%27immolation+devant+le+si%C3%A8ge+de+l%27ADE&rft.pub=El+Watan&rft.date=2011-01-30&rft.aulast=Azzouzi&rft.aufirst=Hafid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Factualite%2Ftizi-ouzou-tentative-d-immolation-devant-le-siege-de-l-ade-30-01-2011-109462_109.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA.2011" class="citation web cs1">A., Samira (2011-02-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713202138/http://www.letempsdz.com/content/view/52794/1/">"Au moment où les chômeurs manifestaient leur ras-le-bol devant le ministère du Travail Un jeune homme tente de s'immoler"</a>. Le Temps DZ. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.letempsdz.com/content/view/52794/1/">the original</a> on 2011-07-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Au+moment+o%C3%B9+les+ch%C3%B4meurs+manifestaient+leur+ras-le-bol+devant+le+minist%C3%A8re+du+Travail+Un+jeune+homme+tente+de+s%27immoler&rft.pub=Le+Temps+DZ&rft.date=2011-02-06&rft.aulast=A.&rft.aufirst=Samira&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.letempsdz.com%2Fcontent%2Fview%2F52794%2F1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110215135554/http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5glePaGLQtQfxoZKADy8ZIvpi6g6Q?docId=CNG.b5748abd7704db4f1a2c0b99acfebc28.191">"Algerian sets self on fire over police "disdain"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. AFP. 2011-02-09. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5glePaGLQtQfxoZKADy8ZIvpi6g6Q?docId=CNG.b5748abd7704db4f1a2c0b99acfebc28.191">the original</a> on 2011-02-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Algerian+sets+self+on+fire+over+police+%22disdain%22&rft.pub=AFP&rft.date=2011-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fafp%2Farticle%2FALeqM5glePaGLQtQfxoZKADy8ZIvpi6g6Q%3FdocId%3DCNG.b5748abd7704db4f1a2c0b99acfebc28.191&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110219160336/http://www.elwatan.com/weekend/7jours/sidi-m-hamed-alger-un-homme-tente-de-s-immoler-au-siege-de-la-daira-18-02-2011-112299_178.php">"Sidi M'hamed (Alger) : Un homme tente de s'immoler au siège de la daïra"</a>. El Watan. 2011-02-18. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/weekend/7jours/sidi-m-hamed-alger-un-homme-tente-de-s-immoler-au-siege-de-la-daira-18-02-2011-112299_178.php">the original</a> on 2011-02-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sidi+M%27hamed+%28Alger%29+%3A+Un+homme+tente+de+s%27immoler+au+si%C3%A8ge+de+la+da%C3%AFra&rft.pub=El+Watan&rft.date=2011-02-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Fweekend%2F7jours%2Fsidi-m-hamed-alger-un-homme-tente-de-s-immoler-au-siege-de-la-daira-18-02-2011-112299_178.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110225005143/http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/issers-boumerdes-trois-peres-de-famille-tentent-de-s-immoler-par-le-feu-21-02-2011-112730_109.php">"Issers (Boumerdès) : Trois pères de famille tentent de s'immoler par le feu"</a>. El Watan. 2011-02-21. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elwatan.com/actualite/issers-boumerdes-trois-peres-de-famille-tentent-de-s-immoler-par-le-feu-21-02-2011-112730_109.php">the original</a> on 2011-02-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-02-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Issers+%28Boumerd%C3%A8s%29+%3A+Trois+p%C3%A8res+de+famille+tentent+de+s%27immoler+par+le+feu&rft.pub=El+Watan&rft.date=2011-02-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elwatan.com%2Factualite%2Fissers-boumerdes-trois-peres-de-famille-tentent-de-s-immoler-par-le-feu-21-02-2011-112730_109.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.english.rfi.fr/france/20111004-student-not-allowed-re-sit-baccalaureat-sets-himself-fire">"Student sets himself on fire over exam resit refusal"</a>. 4 October 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111020203324/http://www.english.rfi.fr/france/20111004-student-not-allowed-re-sit-baccalaureat-sets-himself-fire">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-10-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-10-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Student+sets+himself+on+fire+over+exam+resit+refusal&rft.date=2011-10-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.english.rfi.fr%2Ffrance%2F20111004-student-not-allowed-re-sit-baccalaureat-sets-himself-fire&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2011/Oct-08/150804-homeless-algerian-mother-sets-herself-child-on-fire.ashx#ixzz1aDkuvqZw">"Homeless Algerian mother sets herself, child on fire"</a>. 8 October 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111009113154/http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2011/Oct-08/150804-homeless-algerian-mother-sets-herself-child-on-fire.ashx#ixzz1aDkuvqZw">Archived</a> from the original on 2011-10-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-10-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Homeless+Algerian+mother+sets+herself%2C+child+on+fire&rft.date=2011-10-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailystar.com.lb%2FNews%2FMiddle-East%2F2011%2FOct-08%2F150804-homeless-algerian-mother-sets-herself-child-on-fire.ashx%23ixzz1aDkuvqZw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2011+Algerian+self-immolations" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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title="Template talk:Arab Spring"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arab_Spring" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arab Spring"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Arab_Spring" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#eeeeee;"><div>"<i><a href="/wiki/Ash-shab_yurid_isqat_an-nizam" title="Ash-shab yurid isqat an-nizam">Ash-shab yurid isqat an-nizam</a></i>"</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Events by country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%932012_Algerian_protests" title="2010–2012 Algerian protests">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Bahraini_uprising" title="2011 Bahraini uprising">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Djiboutian_protests" title="2011 Djiboutian protests">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Revolution_of_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian Revolution of 2011">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Iraqi_protests" title="2011 Iraqi protests">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_protests_(2011%E2%80%9312)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jordanian protests (2011–12)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwaiti_protests_(2011%E2%80%932013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuwaiti protests (2011–2013)">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Lebanese_protests" title="2011 Lebanese protests">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Libyan_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="First Libyan civil war">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Mauritanian_protests" title="2011–2012 Mauritanian protests">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Moroccan_protests" title="2011–2012 Moroccan protests">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Omani_protests" title="2011 Omani protests">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Palestinian_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Palestinian protests">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Saudi_Arabian_protests" title="2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932013_Sudanese_protests" title="2011–2013 Sudanese protests">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_revolution" title="Tunisian revolution">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Western_Saharan_protests" title="2011 Western Saharan protests">Western Sahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_revolution" title="Yemeni revolution">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Bahrain:</i> <a href="/wiki/Al_Wefaq" title="Al Wefaq">Al Wefaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_14_Youth_Coalition" title="February 14 Youth Coalition">February 14 Youth Coalition</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Egypt:</i> <a href="/wiki/April_6_Youth_Movement" title="April 6 Youth Movement">April 6 Youth Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kefaya" title="Kefaya">Kefaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood" title="Muslim Brotherhood">Muslim Brotherhood</a> (<a href="/wiki/Freedom_and_Justice_Party_(Egypt)" title="Freedom and Justice Party (Egypt)">FJP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_Change" title="National Association for Change">National Association for Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Party_(Egypt)" title="National Democratic Party (Egypt)">National Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Salvation_Front_(Egypt)" title="National Salvation Front (Egypt)">National Salvation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialists_(Egypt)" title="Revolutionary Socialists (Egypt)">Revolutionary Socialists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shayfeencom" title="Shayfeencom">Shayfeencom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultras_Ahlawy" title="Ultras Ahlawy">Ultras Ahlawy</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Libya:</i> <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Army_(Libya)" title="National Liberation Army (Libya)">National Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Transitional_Council" title="National Transitional Council">National Transitional Council</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Mauritania:</i> <a href="/wiki/February_25th_Movement" title="February 25th Movement">February 25th Movement</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Saudi Arabia:</i> <a href="/wiki/Women_to_drive_movement" title="Women to drive movement">Women to drive movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_Defense_of_Human_Rights_in_the_Arabian_Peninsula" title="Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in the Arabian Peninsula">CDHRAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_for_Development_and_Change" title="Society for Development and Change">Society for Development and Change</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Syria:</i> Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region">Regional Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%27ath_Party_(Syrian-dominated_faction)" title="Ba'ath Party (Syrian-dominated faction)">National Command</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_for_Syrian_Revolutionary_and_Opposition_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces">National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Revolution_General_Commission" title="Syrian Revolution General Commission">Syrian Revolution General Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Council" title="Syrian National Council">Syrian National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Coordination_Committee_for_Democratic_Change" title="National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change">National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hizb_ut-Tahrir" title="Hizb ut-Tahrir">Hizb ut-Tahrir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_rebel_fighters_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign rebel fighters in the Syrian civil war">Foreign fighters</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Tunisia:</i> <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Democratic_Rally" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional Democratic Rally">Constitutional Democratic Rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ennahda" title="Ennahda">Ennahda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_(Tunisia)" title="Popular Front (Tunisia)">Popular Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_General_Labour_Union" title="Tunisian General Labour Union">Tunisian General Labour Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_National_Dialogue_Quartet" title="Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet">Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Yemen:</i> <a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_Yemeni_Tribes" title="Alliance of Yemeni Tribes">Alliance of Yemeni Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Islah_(Yemen)" title="Al-Islah (Yemen)">Al-Islah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashid" title="Hashid">Hashid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthis" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthis">Houthis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_People%27s_Congress_(Yemen)" title="General People's Congress (Yemen)">General People's Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="South Yemen Movement">Hiraak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Notable people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Arab_Spring" title="Women in the Arab Spring">Women in the Arab Spring</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Algeria:</i> <a href="/wiki/Abdelaziz_Bouteflika" title="Abdelaziz Bouteflika">Abdelaziz Bouteflika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Ouyahia" title="Ahmed Ouyahia">Ahmed Ouyahia</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Bahrain:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hamad_bin_Isa_Al_Khalifa" title="Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa">Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasan_Mushaima" title="Hasan Mushaima">Hasan Mushaima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Salman" title="Ali Salman">Ali Salman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Ali_Jawad_al-Sheikh" title="Death of Ali Jawad al-Sheikh">Ali Jawad al-Sheikh</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Egypt:</i> <a href="/wiki/Hosni_Mubarak" title="Hosni Mubarak">Hosni Mubarak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Suleiman_(politician)" title="Omar Suleiman (politician)">Omar Suleiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Hussein_Tantawy" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohamed Hussein Tantawy">Mohamed Hussein Tantawy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Nazif" title="Ahmed Nazif">Ahmed Nazif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Shafik" title="Ahmed Shafik">Ahmed Shafik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wael_Ghonim" title="Wael Ghonim">Wael Ghonim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Ganzouri" title="Kamal Ganzouri">Kamal Ganzouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Khaled_Mohamed_Saeed" class="mw-redirect" title="Death of Khaled Mohamed Saeed">Khaled Mohamed Saeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essam_Sharaf" title="Essam Sharaf">Essam Sharaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_ElBaradei" title="Mohamed ElBaradei">Mohamed ElBaradei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Morsi" title="Mohamed Morsi">Mohamed Morsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hesham_Qandil" title="Hesham Qandil">Hesham Qandil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassem_Youssef_(television_host)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bassem Youssef (television host)">Bassem Youssef</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Jordan:</i> <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_II_of_Jordan" title="Abdullah II of Jordan">King Abdullah II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marouf_al-Bakhit" title="Marouf al-Bakhit">Marouf al-Bakhit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Rifai" title="Samir Rifai">Samir Rifai</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Libya:</i> <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saif_al-Islam_Gaddafi" title="Saif al-Islam Gaddafi">Saif al-Islam Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Abdul-Jelil" class="mw-redirect" title="Mustafa Abdul-Jelil">Mustafa Abdul-Jelil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_Gebril" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahmud Gebril">Mahmud Gebril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Nabbous" title="Mohammed Nabbous">Mohammed Nabbous</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Mauritania:</i> <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Ould_Abdel_Aziz" title="Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz">Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulaye_Ould_Mohamed_Laghdaf" title="Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf">Moulaye Ould Mohamed Laghdaf</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Morocco:</i> <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_VI_of_Morocco" title="Mohammed VI of Morocco">Mohammed VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_El_Fassi" title="Abbas El Fassi">Abbas El Fassi</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Saudi Arabia:</i> <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abdullah of Saudi Arabia">Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaled_al-Johani" title="Khaled al-Johani">Khaled al-Johani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manal_al-Sharif" title="Manal al-Sharif">Manal al-Sharif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimr_al-Nimr" title="Nimr al-Nimr">Nimr al-Nimr</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Sudan:</i> <a href="/wiki/Omar_al-Bashir" title="Omar al-Bashir">Omar al-Bashir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_al-Turabi" title="Hassan al-Turabi">Hassan al-Turabi</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Syria:</i> <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Naji_al-Otari" title="Muhammad Naji al-Otari">Muhammad Naji al-Otari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adel_Safar" title="Adel Safar">Adel Safar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riyad_Farid_Hijab" title="Riyad Farid Hijab">Riyad Farid Hijab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wael_Nader_al-Halqi" title="Wael Nader al-Halqi">Wael Nader al-Halqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maher_al-Assad" title="Maher al-Assad">Maher al-Assad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Ghalioun" title="Burhan Ghalioun">Burhan Ghalioun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moaz_al-Khatib" title="Moaz al-Khatib">Moaz al-Khatib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Hamza_Ali_Al-Khateeb" title="Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb">Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Tunisia:</i> <a href="/wiki/Zine_El_Abidine_Ben_Ali" title="Zine El Abidine Ben Ali">Zine El Abidine Ben Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Ghannouchi" title="Mohamed Ghannouchi">Mohamed Ghannouchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moncef_Marzouki" title="Moncef Marzouki">Moncef Marzouki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashid_al-Ghannushi" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashid al-Ghannushi">Rashid al-Ghannushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fouad_Mebazaa" title="Fouad Mebazaa">Fouad Mebazaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beji_Caid_Essebsi" title="Beji Caid Essebsi">Beji Caid Essebsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamadi_Jebali" title="Hamadi Jebali">Hamadi Jebali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Bouazizi" title="Mohamed Bouazizi">Mohamed Bouazizi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chokri_Belaid" title="Chokri Belaid">Chokri Belaid</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>United Arab Emirates:</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UAE_Five" title="UAE Five">UAE Five</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i>Yemen:</i> <a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdrabbuh_Mansur_Hadi" title="Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi">Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawakkol_Karman" title="Tawakkol Karman">Tawakkol Karman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Majeed_al-Zindani" title="Abdul Majeed al-Zindani">Abdul Majeed al-Zindani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mohsen_al-Ahmar" title="Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar">Ali Mohsen al-Ahmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadiq_al-Ahmar" title="Sadiq al-Ahmar">Sadiq al-Ahmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul-Malik_al-Houthi" title="Abdul-Malik al-Houthi">Abdul-Malik al-Houthi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Ali_al-Houthi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammed Ali al-Houthi">Mohammed Ali al-Houthi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_Arab_Spring" title="Impact of the Arab Spring">Impact</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occupy_movement" title="Occupy movement">Occupy movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Albanian_opposition_demonstrations" title="2011 Albanian opposition demonstrations">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Armenian_protests" title="2011 Armenian protests">Armenia</a></li> <li>Azerbaijan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Azerbaijani_protests" title="2011 Azerbaijani protests">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Baku_protests" title="2013 Baku protests">2013</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Belarusian_protests" title="2011 Belarusian protests">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Burkinab%C3%A8_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Burkinabè protests">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Chinese_pro-democracy_protests" title="2011 Chinese pro-democracy protests">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%9312_Greek_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2010–12 Greek protests">Greece</a></li> <li>India <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Indian_anti-corruption_movement" title="2011 Indian anti-corruption movement">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Indian_anti-corruption_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Indian anti-corruption movement">2012</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Iranian_protests" title="2011–2012 Iranian protests">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Kurdish_protests_in_Iraq" title="2011 Kurdish protests in Iraq">Iraqi Kurdistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Israeli_social_justice_protests" title="2011 Israeli social justice protests">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Maldives_political_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2011–2012 Maldives political crisis">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mali_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Mali conflict">Mali</a></li> <li>Mexico <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Peace_with_Justice_and_Dignity" title="Movement for Peace with Justice and Dignity">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yo_Soy_132" title="Yo Soy 132">2012</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-austerity_movement_in_Portugal" title="Anti-austerity movement in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932013_Russian_protests" title="2011–2013 Russian protests">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Spanish_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2011–2012 Spanish protests">Spain</a></li> <li>Turkey <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey" title="2011–2012 Kurdish protests in Turkey">2011–2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gezi_Park_protests" title="Gezi Park protests">2013</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_United_Kingdom_anti-austerity_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 United Kingdom anti-austerity protests">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_United_States_public_employee_protests" title="2011 United States public employee protests">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_civil_war_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyan civil war (2011–present)">Libyan civil war (2011–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_crisis_(2011%E2%80%932014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian crisis (2011–2014)">Egyptian crisis (2011–2014)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">UN Resolutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_65/265" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 65/265">65/265</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1970" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1970">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1973" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973">1973</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2009" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2009">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2014" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2014">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2016" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2016">2016</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Arab_Spring" title="International reactions to the Arab Spring">International reactions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Bahraini_uprising_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the Bahraini uprising (2011–present)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Egyptian_Revolution_of_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the Egyptian Revolution of 2011">Egypt</a></li> <li>Libya <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Libyan_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the Libyan civil war">civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_2011_military_intervention_in_Libya" title="International reactions to the 2011 military intervention in Libya">military intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_death_of_Muammar_Gaddafi" class="mw-redirect" title="International reactions to the death of Muammar Gaddafi">death of Muammar Gaddafi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International reactions to the Syrian civil war">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Tunisian_revolution" title="International reactions to the Tunisian revolution">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Yemeni_revolution" title="International reactions to the Yemeni revolution">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Domestic reactions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_responses_to_the_Egyptian_revolution_of_2011" title="Domestic responses to the Egyptian revolution of 2011">Egypt</a></li> <li>Libya <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_responses_to_the_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic responses to the Libyan Civil War">domestic responses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian reactions to the Syrian civil war">Syria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Arab_Spring" title="Timeline of the Arab Spring">Timelines</a> by country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Bahraini_uprising_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Bahraini uprising (2011–present)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Egyptian_revolution_of_2011" title="Timeline of the Egyptian revolution of 2011">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Libyan_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Libyan civil war">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_2011%E2%80%9313_Saudi_Arabian_protests" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the 2011–13 Saudi Arabian protests">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Yemeni_revolution" title="Timeline of the Yemeni revolution">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_crisis_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemeni crisis (2011–present)">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_crisis_(2011%E2%80%93present)" title="Libyan crisis (2011–present)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_crisis_(2011%E2%80%932014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Egyptian crisis (2011–2014)">Egypt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:#eeeeee;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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