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id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Začiatok</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Prírodný_výskyt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prírodný_výskyt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Prírodný výskyt</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Prírodný_výskyt-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Prírodný výskyt</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Prírodný_výskyt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rastliny" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rastliny"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Rastliny</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rastliny-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Regulácia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regulácia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Regulácia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regulácia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ostatné_organizmy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ostatné_organizmy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Ostatné organizmy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ostatné_organizmy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biologická_úloha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biologická_úloha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Biologická úloha</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Biologická_úloha-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Biologická úloha</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Biologická_úloha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Izoprenoidy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izoprenoidy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Izoprenoidy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izoprenoidy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Účinok_na_aerosóly" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Účinok_na_aerosóly"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Účinok na aerosóly</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Účinok_na_aerosóly-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Priemyselná_produkcia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Priemyselná_produkcia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Priemyselná produkcia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Priemyselná_produkcia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referencie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatúra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatúra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Literatúra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatúra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pozri_aj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pozri_aj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Pozri aj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pozri_aj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zdroj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zdroj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Zdroj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zdroj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Izoprén</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 54 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-54" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">54 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86" title="إيزوبرين – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إيزوبرين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0zopren" title="İzopren – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İzopren" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%86" title="ایزوپرن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایزوپرن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Ізапрэн – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ізапрэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Изопрен – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Изопрен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8" title="আইসোপ্রিন – bengálčina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আইসোপ্রিন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izopren" title="Izopren – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Izopren" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopr%C3%A8" title="Isoprè – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Isoprè" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopren" title="Isopren – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Isopren" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopren" title="Isopren – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Isopren" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopren" title="Isopren – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Isopren" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Ισοπρένιο – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ισοπρένιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoprene" title="Isoprene – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Isoprene" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izopreno" title="Izopreno – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Izopreno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopreno" title="Isopreno – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Isopreno" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopreen" title="Isopreen – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Isopreen" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopreno" title="Isopreno – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Isopreno" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%86" title="ایزوپرن – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایزوپرن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopreeni" title="Isopreeni – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Isopreeni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopr%C3%A8ne" title="Isoprène – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Isoprène" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isipr%C3%A9in" title="Isipréin – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Isipréin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopreno" title="Isopreno – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Isopreno" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%96%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%9F" title="איזופרן – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איזופרן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izopr%C3%A9n" title="Izoprén – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Izoprén" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%A6%D5%B8%D5%BA%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Իզոպրեն – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իզոպրեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoprena" title="Isoprena – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Isoprena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoprene" title="Isoprene – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Isoprene" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%BD%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%83%B3" title="イソプレン – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イソプレン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="იზოპრენი – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იზოპრენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%90%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಐಸೊಪ್ರೀನ್ – kannadčina" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಐಸೊಪ್ರೀನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%EB%A0%8C" title="아이소프렌 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아이소프렌" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Изопрен – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Изопрен" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoprenum" title="Isoprenum – latinčina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Isoprenum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izopr%C4%93ns" title="Izoprēns – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Izoprēns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoprena" title="Isoprena – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Isoprena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopreen" title="Isopreen – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Isopreen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopren" title="Isopren – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Isopren" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopren" title="Isopren – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Isopren" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izopren" title="Izopren – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Izopren" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopreno" title="Isopreno – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Isopreno" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izopren" title="Izopren – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Izopren" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Изопрен – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Изопрен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izopren" title="Izopren – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Izopren" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoprene" title="Isoprene – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Isoprene" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izopren" title="Izopren – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Izopren" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopren" title="Isopren – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Isopren" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="ஐசோபிரீன் – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐசோபிரீன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Изопрениҳо – tadžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Изопрениҳо" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0zopren" title="İzopren – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İzopren" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Ізопрен – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ізопрен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izopren" title="Izopren – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Izopren" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isopren" title="Isopren – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Isopren" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E6%88%8A%E4%BA%8C%E7%83%AF" title="異戊二烯 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="異戊二烯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA-1,3-%E4%B8%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%83%AF" title="2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯 – kantončina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="2-甲基-1,3-丁二烯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q271943#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Upraviť medzijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upraviť odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Menné priestory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Izopr%C3%A9n" title="Zobraziť obsah stránky [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stránka</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusia:Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskusia o obsahu stránky (stránka neexistuje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">slovenčina</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazenia"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Izopr%C3%A9n"><span>Čítať</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit" title="Upraviť túto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Upraviť</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit" title="Upraviť zdrojový kód tejto stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Upraviť zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=history" title="Minulé revízie tejto stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobraziť históriu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje stránky"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akcie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Izopr%C3%A9n"><span>Čítať</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit" title="Upraviť túto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Upraviť</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit" title="Upraviť zdrojový kód tejto stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Upraviť zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=history"><span>Zobraziť históriu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Všeobecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:%C4%8CoOdkazujeSem/Izopr%C3%A9n" title="Zoznam všetkých wiki stránok, ktoré sem odkazujú [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazy na túto stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:S%C3%BAvisiacePosledn%C3%A9%C3%9Apravy/Izopr%C3%A9n" rel="nofollow" title="Posledné úpravy na stránkach, na ktoré odkazuje táto stránka [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Súvisiace úpravy</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sk" title="Nahranie súborov [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Nahrať súbor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lneStr%C3%A1nky" title="Zoznam všetkých špeciálnych stránok [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Špeciálne stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&oldid=7736916" title="Trvalý odkaz na túto verziu stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=info" title="Viac informácií o tejto stránke"><span>Informácie o stránke</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Citova%C5%A5&page=Izopr%C3%A9n&id=7736916&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informácie ako citovať túto stránku"><span>Citovať túto stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIzopr%25C3%25A9n"><span>Získať skrátené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FIzopr%25C3%25A9n"><span>Stiahnuť QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tlačiť/exportovať </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Knihy&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Izopr%C3%A9n"><span>Vytvoriť knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:DownloadAsPdf&page=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stiahnuť ako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&printable=yes" title="Verzia tejto stránky pre tlač [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verzia pre tlač</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> V iných projektoch </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Isoprene" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q271943" title="Odkaz na prepojenú položku dátového úložiska [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje stránky"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhľad"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox bordered" cellpadding="2" style="width: 300px; font-size:89%"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #F8EABA; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; font-size:120%">Izoprén </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2" style="background:white"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Isoprene-Structure.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Izoprén"><img alt="Izoprén" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Isoprene-Structure.svg/180px-Isoprene-Structure.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Isoprene-Structure.svg/270px-Isoprene-Structure.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Isoprene-Structure.svg/360px-Isoprene-Structure.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2798" data-file-height="1771" /></a><figcaption>Izoprén</figcaption></figure> </td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="2" style="background:white"> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Isoprene-3D-balls-B.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Izoprén"><img alt="Izoprén" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Isoprene-3D-balls-B.png/180px-Isoprene-3D-balls-B.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Isoprene-3D-balls-B.png/270px-Isoprene-3D-balls-B.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Isoprene-3D-balls-B.png/360px-Isoprene-3D-balls-B.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="1131" /></a><figcaption>Izoprén</figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #F8EABA; text-align:center;"><b>Všeobecné vlastnosti</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top;"><a href="/wiki/Sum%C3%A1rny_vzorec" title="Sumárny vzorec">Sumárny vzorec</a> </td> <td>C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>8</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #F8EABA; text-align:center;"><b>Fyzikálne vlastnosti</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top;"><a href="/wiki/Mol%C3%A1rna_hmotnos%C5%A5" title="Molárna hmotnosť">Molárna hmotnosť</a> </td> <td>68,12 g/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #F8EABA; text-align:center;"><b>Ďalšie informácie</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background: #eeeeee; vertical-align: top;"><a href="/wiki/Registra%C4%8Dn%C3%A9_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo_CAS" title="Registračné číslo CAS">Číslo CAS</a> </td> <td>78-79-5 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #F8EABA; font-size:90%; text-align:center">Pokiaľ je to možné a bežné, používame jednotky sústavy <a href="/wiki/SI" title="SI">SI</a>. <br /> Ak nie je hore uvedené inak, údaje sú za <a href="/wiki/Norm%C3%A1lne_podmienky" title="Normálne podmienky">normálnych podmienok</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 0ex 1ex; display:inline-table; padding: 0ex 0.05ex; border-style:none; background:transparent;" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka"> <table style="margin: 0; padding: 0ex"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;margin: 0;border:none;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border:none;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Ch%C3%A9mia" title="Chemický portál"><img alt="Chemický portál" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Chemistrylogo.png/18px-Chemistrylogo.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Chemistrylogo.png/27px-Chemistrylogo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Chemistrylogo.png/36px-Chemistrylogo.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Ch%C3%A9mia" title="Portál:Chémia">Chemický portál</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Izoprén</b> alebo <b>2-metylbuta-1,3-dién</b> je bežná <a href="/wiki/Organick%C3%A1_zl%C3%BA%C4%8Denina" title="Organická zlúčenina">organická zlúčenina</a>, ktorej vzorec je CH<sub>2</sub>=C(CH<sub>3</sub>)−CH=CH<sub>2</sub>. V čistej podobe je to bezfarebná prchavá kvapalina. Izoprén je <a href="/wiki/Alk%C3%A9n" title="Alkén">nenasýtený uhľovodík</a>. Je produkovaný mnohými rastlinami a zvieratami<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (vrátane ľudí) a jeho <a href="/wiki/Polym%C3%A9r" title="Polymér">polyméry</a> sú hlavnou zložkou <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pr%C3%ADrodn%C3%BD_kau%C4%8Duk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prírodný kaučuk (stránka neexistuje)">prírodného kaučuku</a>. Izoprén pomenoval C. G. Williams v roku 1860 potom, ako ho získal termálnym rozkladom (<a href="/wiki/Pyrol%C3%BDza" title="Pyrolýza">pyrolýzou</a>) prírodného kaučuku a takisto správne určil jeho <a href="/w/index.php?title=Empirick%C3%BD_vzorec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Empirický vzorec (stránka neexistuje)">empirický vzorec</a> C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>8</sub>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prírodný_výskyt"><span id="Pr.C3.ADrodn.C3.BD_v.C3.BDskyt"></span>Prírodný výskyt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Prírodný výskyt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Prírodný výskyt"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Izoprén tvorí a vypúšťa mnoho druhov stromov (hlavne <a href="/wiki/Dub" title="Dub">duby</a>, <a href="/wiki/Topo%C4%BE" title="Topoľ">topole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eukalyptus" title="Eukalyptus">eukalypty</a> a niektoré <a href="/wiki/Strukovina" title="Strukovina">strukoviny</a>). Ročne vypustí vegetácia do vzduchu asi 600 miliónov ton izoprénu, polovicu vypustia tropické listnaté stromy a zvyšok hlavne kere.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Toto približne odpovedá <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emisie_met%C3%A1nu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emisie metánu (stránka neexistuje)">emisiám metánu</a> a tvorí asi tretinu všetkých <a href="/wiki/Uh%C4%BEovod%C3%ADk" title="Uhľovodík">uhľovodíkov</a> vypustených do atmosféry. U lesov tvorených opadavými stromami tvorí izoprén asi 80 % uhľovodíkových emisií. Mikroskopické a makroskopické riasy takisto produkujú izoprén, aj keď v porovnaní so stromami netvoria tak veľké množstvo.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rastliny">Rastliny</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Rastliny" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Rastliny"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Izoprén vzniká <a href="/w/index.php?title=Metylerytritol-4-fosf%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metylerytritol-4-fosfát (stránka neexistuje)">metylerytritol-4-fosfátovou</a> dráhou (MEP dráhou, takisto známou ako <a href="/wiki/Nemevalon%C3%A1tov%C3%A1_dr%C3%A1ha" title="Nemevalonátová dráha">nemevalonátová dráha</a>) v <a href="/wiki/Chloroplast" title="Chloroplast">chloroplastoch</a> rastlín. Jeden z konečných produktov tejto dráhy je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dimetylallylpyrofosf%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dimetylallylpyrofosfát (stránka neexistuje)">dimetylallylpyrofosfát</a> (DMAPP), ktorý je štiepený enzýmom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9nsynt%C3%A1zoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izoprénsyntázoa (stránka neexistuje)">izoprénsyntázou</a>, čím vzniká izoprén a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyrfosf%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyrfosfát (stránka neexistuje)">pyrfosfát</a>. Inhibítory, ktoré blokujú túto dráhu, ako napríklad <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosmidomyc%C3%ADn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosmidomycín (stránka neexistuje)">fosmidomycín</a>, teda blokujú aj tvorbu izoprénu. Emisie izoprénu sa dramaticky zvyšujú s teplotou a dosahujú maximum pri asi 40 °C. To viedlo k hypotéze, že izoprén by mohol chrániť rastliny pred <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepeln%C3%BD_stres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tepelný stres (stránka neexistuje)">tepelným stresom</a> (termotolerancia). Emisia izoprénu bola takisto pozorovaná u niektorých baktérii, čo je pravdepodobne kvôli neenzymatickej degradácii DMAPP. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Regulácia"><span id="Regul.C3.A1cia"></span>Regulácia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: Regulácia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Regulácia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Emisie izoprénu u rastlín sú riadené dostupnosťou <a href="/wiki/Substr%C3%A1t" class="mw-disambig" title="Substrát">substrátu</a> (DMAPP) a aktivity <a href="/wiki/Enz%C3%BDm" title="Enzým">enzýmu</a> (izoprénsyntázy). Závislosť emisie izoprénu na svetle, CO<sub>2</sub> a O<sub>2</sub> je daná dostupnosťou substrátu, zatiaľ čo závislosť na teplote je regulovaná množstvom substrátu i enzýmovou aktivitou.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ostatné_organizmy"><span id="Ostatn.C3.A9_organizmy"></span>Ostatné organizmy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: Ostatné organizmy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Ostatné organizmy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Izoprén je najhojnejšie sa vyskytujúci uhľovodík, ktorý je merateľný v dychu človeka.<sup id="cite_ref-Gelmont_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gelmont-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-King_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-King-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Izoprén sa u ľudí tvorí <a href="/wiki/Mevalon%C3%A1tov%C3%A1_dr%C3%A1ha" title="Mevalonátová dráha">mevalonátovou dráhou</a>. Odhadovaná rýchlosť tvorby izoprénu u človeka je 0.15 <a href="/wiki/Mol_(jednotka_SI)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mol (jednotka SI)">µmol</a>/(kg·h), čo odpovedá približne 17 mg/deň pre osobu, ktorá váži 70 kg. Izoprén je bežne prítomný v nízkych koncentráciách v mnohých jedlách. Mnoho druhov zemných a morských baktérií, napríklad <a href="/wiki/Actinobacteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinobacteria">Actinobacteria</a>, sú schopné izoprén rozložiť a použiť ho ako zdroj energie. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biologická_úloha"><span id="Biologick.C3.A1_.C3.BAloha"></span>Biologická úloha</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Upraviť sekciu: Biologická úloha" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Biologická úloha"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:PolyIsopreneCorrected.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/PolyIsopreneCorrected.svg/350px-PolyIsopreneCorrected.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/PolyIsopreneCorrected.svg/525px-PolyIsopreneCorrected.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/PolyIsopreneCorrected.svg/700px-PolyIsopreneCorrected.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1277" data-file-height="347" /></a><figcaption>Chemická štruktúra <i>cis</i>-polyizoprénu, hlavnej zložky prírodného kaučuku</figcaption></figure> <p>Emisia izoprénu vyzerá byť jedným zo spôsobou, ako stromy bojujú s <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abiotick%C3%BD_stres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abiotický stres (stránka neexistuje)">abiotickým stresom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sharkey_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sharkey-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bolo preukázané, že izoprén ochraňuje pred stredným tepelným stresom (asi 40 °C). Takisto môže ochrániť rastlinami pred veľkými zmenami teploty listov. Izoprén sa zabudováva do membrán buniek a pomáha ich stabilizovať počas tepelného stresu. </p><p>Izoprén takisto pomáha s rezistenciou voči <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reakt%C3%ADvna_forma_kysl%C3%ADka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reaktívna forma kyslíka (stránka neexistuje)">reaktívnym formám kyslíka</a> (ROS).<sup id="cite_ref-Vickers1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Vickers1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Množstvo izoprénu vypúšťané vegetáciou záleží na hmotnosti listov, ploche listou, svetle (konkrétne hustote fotosyntetického toku fotónov, PPFD) a teplote listov. V noci sa z listov stromov teda vylučuje malé množstvo izoprénu, zatiaľ čo počas teplých a slnečných dní sa očakáva omnoho vyššie množstvo, a to až 25 μg/(g sušiny listov)/hodina u mnohých druhov dubov.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Izoprenoidy">Izoprenoidy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Upraviť sekciu: Izoprenoidy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Izoprenoidy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Sterol_synthesis.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Sterol_synthesis.svg/350px-Sterol_synthesis.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="392" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Sterol_synthesis.svg/525px-Sterol_synthesis.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Sterol_synthesis.svg/699px-Sterol_synthesis.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="571" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Zjednodušené zobrazenie dráhy syntézu steroidov s intermediátmi <a href="/wiki/Izopentenylpyrofosf%C3%A1t" title="Izopentenylpyrofosfát">izopentenylpyrofosfátom</a> (IPP), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dimetylallylpyrofosf%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dimetylallylpyrofosfát (stránka neexistuje)">dimetylallylpyrofosfátom</a> (DMAPP), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geranylfosf%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geranylfosfát (stránka neexistuje)">geranylfosfátom</a> (GPP) a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skval%C3%A9n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skvalén (stránka neexistuje)">skvalénom</a>. Niektoré intermediáty sú vynechané.</figcaption></figure> <p>Izoprenová kostra je prítomná v prirodzene sa vyskytujúcich látkach nazývaných <a href="/wiki/Terp%C3%A9n" title="Terpén">terpény</a> (takisto známe ako izoprenoidy), ale tieto zlúčeniny sa netvoria priamo z izoprénu. Ich prekurzorom je namiesto izoprénu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dimetylallylpyrofosf%C3%A1t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dimetylallylpyrofosfát (stránka neexistuje)">dimetylallylpyrofosfát</a> (DMAPP) a jeho <a href="/wiki/Izom%C3%A9r" class="mw-redirect" title="Izomér">izomér</a> <a href="/wiki/Izopentenylpyrofosf%C3%A1t" title="Izopentenylpyrofosfát">izopentenylpyrofosfát</a> (IPP). DMAPP a IPP sú funkčné izoprénové jednotky sú v biologických systémoch, z ktorých sa biosyntetizujú ostatné izoprenoidy. Občas sa používa množné číslo „izoprény“ na označenie terpénov. </p><p>Príklady izoprenoidov sú <a href="/wiki/Karot%C3%A9n" title="Karotén">karotén</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karotenoid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karotenoid (stránka neexistuje)">karotenoidy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fytol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fytol (stránka neexistuje)">fytol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Retinol" title="Retinol">retinol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vitam%C3%ADn_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamín A">vitamín A</a>), <a href="/wiki/Tokoferol" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokoferol">tokoferol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vitam%C3%ADn_E" title="Vitamín E">vitamín E</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dolichol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dolichol (stránka neexistuje)">dolichol</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skval%C3%A9n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skvalén (stránka neexistuje)">skvalén</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hem_A" title="Hem A">Hem A</a> má izoprenoidový reťazec a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanosterol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanosterol (stránka neexistuje)">lanosterol</a>, prekurzor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sterol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sterol (stránka neexistuje)">sterolov</a> u zvierat, je derivátom skvalénu a teda izoprénu. Izoprény sú i súčasťou bunkových membrán niektorých <a href="/wiki/Arche%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Archeón">archeónov</a> a vypĺňajú miesto medzi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diglyceroltetra%C3%A9ter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diglyceroltetraéter (stránka neexistuje)">diglyceroltetraéterovými</a> hlavičkami. Predpokladá sa, že membránam dodávajú štrukturálnu rezistenciu v drsných podmienkach, v ktorých sa mnohé archeóny nachádzajú. </p><p>Obdobne je prírodný kaučuk zložený z lineárnych polyizoprénových reťazcov s veľmi vysokou molekulovou hmotnosťou a iných prirodzených látok.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Účinok_na_aerosóly"><span id=".C3.9A.C4.8Dinok_na_aeros.C3.B3ly"></span>Účinok na aerosóly</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Upraviť sekciu: Účinok na aerosóly" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Účinok na aerosóly"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Po vypustení sa izoprén premieňa kratkodobými <a href="/wiki/Vo%C4%BEn%C3%BD_radik%C3%A1l" class="mw-redirect" title="Voľný radikál">voľnými radikálmi</a> (napríklad <a href="/wiki/Hydroxylov%C3%BD_radik%C3%A1l" title="Hydroxylový radikál">hydroxylovým radikálom</a>) a v menšej miere <a href="/wiki/Oz%C3%B3n" title="Ozón">ozónom</a><sup id="cite_ref-IupacDatasheetIsopreneozone_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IupacDatasheetIsopreneozone-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> na rôzne iné zlúčeniny, napríklad <a href="/wiki/Aldehyd" title="Aldehyd">aldehydy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydroperoxid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydroperoxid (stránka neexistuje)">hydroperoxidy</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Organick%C3%BD_dusi%C4%8Dnan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organický dusičnan (stránka neexistuje)">organické dusičnany</a> a <a href="/wiki/Epoxid" title="Epoxid">epoxidy</a>, ktoré sa miešajú s kvapkami vody a tvoria <a href="/wiki/Aeros%C3%B3l" title="Aerosól">aerosóly</a> a <a href="/wiki/Hmla" title="Hmla">hmlu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WennbergScienceDaily_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WennbergScienceDaily-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PaulotScienceNews_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PaulotScienceNews-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zatiaľ čo väčšina expertov uznáva, že emisie izoprénu ovplyvňujú tvorbu aerosólov, je otázne, či izoprén znižuje alebo zvyšuje ich tvorbu. Druhým významným účinkom izoprénu v atmosfére je to, že v prítomnosti <a href="/wiki/Oxidy_dus%C3%ADka" title="Oxidy dusíka">oxidov dusíka</a> (N<sub></sub>O<sub>x</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>) prispieva k tvorbe troposférického ozónu, ktorý je jedným z hlavných <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polutant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polutant (stránka neexistuje)">polutantov</a> v mnohých krajinách. Izoprén sa zvyčajne nepovažuje za polutant, pretože je to prirodzený produkt rastlín. Tvorba troposférického ozónu je možná len pri vysokých koncentráciách N<sub></sub>O<sub>x</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub>, ktoré pochádzajú prakticky výlučne z priemyselnej činnosti. Izoprén môže mať opačný efekt a pri nízkych koncentráciách N<sub></sub>O<sub>x</sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub><sub></sub> môže zastaviť tvorbu ozónu. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Blue_Ridge_Mountains" title="Blue Ridge Mountains">Blue Ridge Mountains</a> sú známe modrou farbou pri pohľade z väčšej vzdialenosti. Sú modré práve kvôli izoprénu, ktorý stromy vylučujú.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Izoprén prispieva k charakteristickej hmle na horách a ich špecifickej farbe.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Priemyselná_produkcia"><span id="Priemyseln.C3.A1_produkcia"></span>Priemyselná produkcia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Upraviť sekciu: Priemyselná produkcia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Priemyselná produkcia"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Izoprén je priemyselne najdostupnejší ako vedľají produkt tepelného krakovania <a href="/wiki/Nafta" class="mw-disambig" title="Nafta">nafty</a> alebo <a href="/wiki/Ropa" title="Ropa">ropy</a> pri tvorbe <a href="/wiki/Etyl%C3%A9n" class="mw-redirect" title="Etylén">etylénu</a>. Ročne sa vyprodukuje asi 800,000 ton izoprénu. Asi 95 % produkcie sa použije na tvorbu <i>cis</i>-1,4-polyizoprénu, teda syntetickej verzie prírodného kaučuku.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prírodný kaučuk pozostáva hlavne z poly-<i>cis</i>-izoprénu s molárnou hmotnosťou od 100,000 do 1,000,000 g/mol. Prírodný kaučuk typicky obsahuje niekoľko percent iných materiálov, ako sú proteíny, mastné kyseliny, živice a anorganických materiálov. Niektoré zdroje prírodného kaučuku, nazývané <a href="/wiki/Gutaper%C4%8Da" title="Gutaperča">gutaperča</a>, sa skladajú z trans-1,4-polyizoprénu, štruktúrneho izoméru s podobnými, ale nie identickými, vlastnosťami.<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencie">Referencie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Upraviť sekciu: Referencie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=9" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Referencie"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> Isoprene synthesis by plants and animals. <i>Endeavour</i>, 1996, s. 74–8. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0160-9327%2896%2910014-4">10.1016/0160-9327(96)10014-4</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8690002?dopt=Abstract">PMID 8690002</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> On isoprene and caoutchine. <i>Proceedings of the Royal Society of London</i>, 1860, s. 516–519. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044092762079;view=1up;seq=550">Dostupné online</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frspl.1859.0101">10.1098/rspl.1859.0101</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Analysis of Rubber and Rubber-like Polymers</i>. [s.l.] : Springer, 2012-12-06. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rjD7CAAAQBAJ&pg=PA10">Dostupné online.</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/9789401144353" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/9789401144353">ISBN <span class="ISBN">9789401144353</span></a></span>. S. 10. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> Estimates of global terrestrial isoprene emissions using MEGAN (Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature). <i>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</i>, 2006, s. 3181–3210. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.5194%2Facp-6-3181-2006">10.5194/acp-6-3181-2006</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> Identification and characterisation of isoprene-degrading bacteria in an estuarine environment. <i>Environmental Microbiology</i>, September 2017, s. 3526–3537. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2F1462-2920.13842">10.1111/1462-2920.13842</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28654185?dopt=Abstract">PMID 28654185</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">RASULOV, Bahtijor; HÜVE, Katja; VÄLBE, Mikk. Evidence That Light, Carbon Dioxide, and Oxygen Dependencies of Leaf Isoprene Emission Are Driven by Energy Status in Hybrid Aspen. <i>Plant Physiology</i>, 2009-09, roč. 151, čís. 1, s. 448–460. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/plphys/article/151/1/448-460/6108489">Dostupné online</a> [cit. 2021-12-11]. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/0032-0889">0032-0889</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1104%2Fpp.109.141978">10.1104/pp.109.141978</a>. (po anglicky)</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gelmont-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gelmont_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> Isoprene-the main hydrocarbon in human breath. <i>Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications</i>, April 1981, s. 1456–60. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F0006-291X%2881%2990782-8">10.1016/0006-291X(81)90782-8</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7259787?dopt=Abstract">PMID 7259787</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-King-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-King_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> Physiological modeling of isoprene dynamics in exhaled breath. <i>Journal of Theoretical Biology</i>, December 2010, s. 626–37. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jtbi.2010.09.028">10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.09.028</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20869370?dopt=Abstract">PMID 20869370</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> Cinema audiences reproducibly vary the chemical composition of air during films, by broadcasting scene specific emissions on breath. <i>Scientific Reports</i>, May 2016, s. 25464. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fsrep25464">10.1038/srep25464</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27160439?dopt=Abstract">PMID 27160439</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sharkey-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Sharkey_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> Isoprene emission from plants: why and how. <i>Annals of Botany</i>, January 2008, s. 5–18. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Faob%2Fmcm240">10.1093/aob/mcm240</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17921528?dopt=Abstract">PMID 17921528</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Vickers1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Vickers1_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> Isoprene synthesis protects transgenic tobacco plants from oxidative stress. <i>Plant, Cell & Environment</i>, May 2009, s. 520–31. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-3040.2009.01946.x">10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.01946.x</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19183288?dopt=Abstract">PMID 19183288</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> Low-emitting urban forests: A taxonomic methodology for assigning isoprene and monoterpene emission rates. <i>Atmospheric Environment</i>, 1996, s. 1437–1452. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2F1352-2310%2895%2900439-4">10.1016/1352-2310(95)00439-4</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ullmann-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_13-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_13-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ullmann_13-2"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">c</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry</i>. [s.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-3527306732" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-3527306732">ISBN <span class="ISBN">978-3527306732</span></a></span>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a23_225">10.1002/14356007.a23_225</a> Rubber, 2. Natural. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IupacDatasheetIsopreneozone-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-IupacDatasheetIsopreneozone_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">IUPAC Subcommittee on Gas Kinetic Data Evaluation – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iupac-kinetic.ch.cam.ac.uk/datasheets/pdf/Ox_VOC7_O3_CH2C%28CH3%29CHCH2.pdf">Data Sheet Ox_VOC7</a>, 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WennbergScienceDaily-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-WennbergScienceDaily_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090806141518.htm">Organic Carbon Compounds Emitted By Trees Affect Air Quality</a>, ScienceDaily, Aug. 7, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PaulotScienceNews-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PaulotScienceNews_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/46200/title/A_source_of_haze">A source of haze</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110604222657/http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/46200/title/A_source_of_haze">Archivované</a> 2011-06-04 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, ScienceNews, August 6, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Invitation To Organic Chemistry</i>. [s.l.] : Jones & Bartlett Learning, 1998. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/invitationtoorga0000john">Dostupné online.</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-0-7637-0432-2" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-0-7637-0432-2">ISBN <span class="ISBN">978-0-7637-0432-2</span></a></span>. S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/invitationtoorga0000john/page/261">261</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>Blue Ridge Parkway, Frequently Asked Questions</i> [online]. National Park Service, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071228054036/http://www.nps.gov/blri/faqs.htm">Dostupné online.</a> Archivované 2007-12-28 z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nps.gov/blri/faqs.htm">originálu.</a> </cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatúra"><span id="Literat.C3.BAra"></span>Literatúra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Upraviť sekciu: Literatúra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=10" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Literatúra"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="refbegin columns references-column-width" style="[[:Šablóna:Column-width]]"> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal"> <i>The Merck Index</i>. 11th. vyd. Rahway NJ. USA : Merck & Co Inc., 1989. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-0-911910-28-5" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-0-911910-28-5">ISBN <span class="ISBN">978-0-911910-28-5</span></a></span>. </cite></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal"> Some physical properties of isoprene. <i>Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards</i>, 1936, s. 883. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.6028%2Fjres.017.052">10.6028/jres.017.052</a>. </cite></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal"> Impact of Non-Methane Hydrocarbons on Tropospheric Chemistry and the Oxidizing Power of the Global Troposphere: 3-Dimensional Modelling Results. <i>Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry</i>, 2000, s. 157–230. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1006300616544">10.1023/A:1006300616544</a>. </cite></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal"> Formation of secondary organic aerosols through photooxidation of isoprene. <i>Science</i>, February 2004, s. 1173–6. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1092805">10.1126/science.1092805</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14976309?dopt=Abstract">PMID 14976309</a>. </cite></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal"> Seasonal isoprene emission rates and model comparisons using whole-tree emissions from white oak. <i>Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</i>, 1997, s. 23963–23971. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1029%2F96JD03786">10.1029/96JD03786</a>. </cite></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal"> Development and Intercomparison of Condensed Isoprene Oxidation Mechanisms for Global Atmospheric Modeling. <i>Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry</i>, 2000, s. 29–52. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1006391009798">10.1023/A:1006391009798</a>. </cite></li> <li><cite style="font-style:normal"> Biospheric Trace Gas Fluxes and Their Control over Tropospheric Chemistry. <i>Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics</i>, 2001, s. 547–576. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.ecolsys.32.081501.114136">10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.32.081501.114136</a>. </cite></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pozri_aj">Pozri aj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Upraviť sekciu: Pozri aj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=11" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Pozri aj"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pr%C3%ADrodn%C3%BD_kau%C4%8Duk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prírodný kaučuk (stránka neexistuje)">Prírodný kaučuk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neoprén (stránka neexistuje)">Neoprén</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zdroj">Zdroj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Upraviť sekciu: Zdroj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izopr%C3%A9n&action=edit&section=12" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Zdroj"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="plainlinks"><i>Tento článok je čiastočný alebo úplný preklad článku <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoprene?oldid=1043444652">Isoprene</a> na anglickej Wikipédii.</i></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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