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<span></span> </div> <div class="region region-header"> <div id="block-rsfmenuprincipalblock" class="block block-rsf-common block-rsf-menu-main-block"> <nav class="header_nav-items" aria-label="Navigation principale"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><span class="link-lvl-1" tabIndex="0">Informarse</span><div class="header_sub"><div class="header_sub-left"><div class="header_sub-rte"><h3 class="title">Informarse</h3> <div class="description"><p>Nuestro objetivo: no dejar ninguna violación de la libertad de información sin denunciar. Descubra nuestra Clasificación Mundial de la Libertad de Prensa, nuestros últimos informes de investigación así como nuestras publicaciones que elaboran cada día nuestras oficinas regionales, en conexión con nuestra red de corresponsales en 115 países del mundo.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header_sub-right"><div class="link-lvl2"><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Países y regiones</span><div class="link-lvl3"><div class="link-lvl4 child-3"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">América</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/pais/argentina">Argentina</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/belice">Belice</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bolivia">Bolivia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/brasil">Brasil</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/canad%C3%A1">Canadá</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/chile">Chile</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/colombia">Colombia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/costa-rica">Costa Rica</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/cuba">Cuba</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ecuador">Ecuador</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/el-salvador">El Salvador</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/estados-unidos">Estados Unidos</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/guatemala">Guatemala</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/guyana">Guyana</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/hait%C3%AD">Haití</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/honduras">Honduras</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/jamaica">Jamaica</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/m%C3%A9xico">México</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/oeco">OECO</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/panam%C3%A1">Panamá</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/paraguay">Paraguay</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/per%C3%BA">Perú</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rep%C3%BAblica-dominicana">República Dominicana</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/suriname">Suriname</a></li><li><a href="/es/taxonomy/term/632">The Bahamas</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/trinidad-y-tobago">Trinidad y Tobago</a></li><li><a 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href="/es/pais/india">India</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/indonesia">Indonesia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/jap%C3%B3n">Japón</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/laos">Laos</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/malasia">Malasia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/maldivas">Maldivas</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/mongolia">Mongolia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/nepal">Nepal</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/nueva-zelanda">Nueva Zelanda</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/pap%C3%BAa-nueva-guinea">Papúa Nueva Guinea</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/paquist%C3%A1n">Paquistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/samoa">Samoa</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/singapur">Singapur</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/sri-lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/tailandia">Tailandia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/taiw%C3%A1n">Taiwán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/timor-oriental">Timor Oriental</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/tonga">Tonga</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/es/region/asia-pac%C3%ADfico">Descubrir la región</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Europa-Asia central</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/pais/albania">Albania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/alemania">Alemania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/andorra">Andorra</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/armenia">Armenia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/austria">Austria</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/azerbaiy%C3%A1n">Azerbaiyán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/b%C3%A9lgica">Bélgica</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bielorrusia">Bielorrusia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bosnia-herzegovina">Bosnia-Herzegovina</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais-chequia">Chequia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/chipre">Chipre</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/croacia">Croacia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/dinamarca">Dinamarca</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/eslovaquia">Eslovaquia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/eslovenia">Eslovenia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/espa%C3%B1a">España</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/estonia">Estonia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/finlandia">Finlandia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/francia">Francia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/georgia">Georgia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/gran-breta%C3%B1a">Gran Bretaña</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/grecia">Grecia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/hungr%C3%ADa">Hungría</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/irlanda">Irlanda</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/islandia">Islandia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/italia">Italia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/kazajist%C3%A1n">Kazajistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/kirguist%C3%A1n">Kirguistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/kosovo">Kosovo</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/letonia">Letonia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/lituania">Lituania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/luxemburgo">Luxemburgo</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/macedonia-del-norte">Macedonia del Norte</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/malta">Malta</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/moldavia">Moldavia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/montenegro">Montenegro</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/noruega">Noruega</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/pa%C3%ADses-bajos">Países Bajos</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/polonia">Polonia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/portugal">Portugal</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rep%C3%BAblica-turca-del-norte-de-chipre">República Turca del Norte de Chipre</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rumania">Rumania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rusia">Rusia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/serbia">Serbia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/suecia">Suecia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/suiza">Suiza</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/tayikist%C3%A1n">Tayikistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/turkmenist%C3%A1n">Turkmenistán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/turqu%C3%ADa">Turquía</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ucrania">Ucrania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/uzbekist%C3%A1n">Uzbekistán</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/es/region/europa-asia-central">Descubrir la región</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Magreb-Oriente medio</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/pais/arabia-saudita">Arabia Saudita</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/argelia">Argelia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/bahr%C3%A9in">Bahréin</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/egipto">Egipto</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/emiratos-%C3%A1rabes-unidos">Emiratos Árabes Unidos</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/irak">Irak</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ir%C3%A1n">Irán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/israel">Israel</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/jordania">Jordania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/kuwait">Kuwait</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/l%C3%ADbano">Líbano</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/libia">Libia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/marruecos-sahara-occidental">Marruecos / Sahara Occidental</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/om%C3%A1n">Omán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/palestina">Palestina</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais-qatar">Qatar</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/siria">Siria</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/t%C3%BAnez">Túnez</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/es/region/magreb-oriente-medio">Descubrir la región</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">África</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/pais/%C3%A1frica-del-sur">África del Sur</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/angola">Angola</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ben%C3%ADn">Benín</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/botsuana">Botsuana</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/burkina-faso">Burkina Faso</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/burundi">Burundi</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/cabo-verde">Cabo Verde</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/camer%C3%BAn">Camerún</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/chad">Chad</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/comoras">Comoras</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/congo-brazzaville">Congo Brazzaville</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/costa-de-marfil">Costa de Marfil</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/eritrea">Eritrea</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/eswatini">eSwatini</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/etiop%C3%ADa">Etiopía</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/gab%C3%B3n">Gabón</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/gambia">Gambia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ghana">Ghana</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/guinea">Guinea</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/guinea-bissau">Guinea Bissau</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/guinea-ecuatorial">Guinea Ecuatorial</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/kenia">Kenia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/lesoto">Lesoto</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/liberia">Liberia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/madagascar">Madagascar</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/malaui">Malaui</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/mal%C3%AD">Malí</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/mauricio">Mauricio</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/mauritania">Mauritania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/mozambique">Mozambique</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/namibia">Namibia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/n%C3%ADger">Níger</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/nigeria">Nigeria</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rdc">RDC</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/rep%C3%BAblica-centroafricana">República Centroafricana</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/ruanda">Ruanda</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/senegal">Senegal</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/seychelles">Seychelles</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/sierra-leona">Sierra Leona</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/somalia">Somalia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/sud%C3%A1n">Sudán</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/sud%C3%A1n-del-sur">Sudán del Sur</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/tanzania">Tanzania</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/togo">Togo</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/uganda">Uganda</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/yibuti">Yibuti</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/zambia">Zambia</a></li><li><a href="/es/pais/zimbabue">Zimbabue</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/es/region/africa">Descubrir la región</a></div> </div> </li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="link-lvl2"><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Temas</span><div class="link-lvl3"><div class="link-lvl4 child-3"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/tema/censura-y-vigilancia-tecnol%C3%B3gica">Censura y vigilancia tecnológica</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/derecho-internacional-y-gobernanza">Derecho internacional y gobernanza</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/desinformaci%C3%B3n-y-propaganda">Desinformación y propaganda</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/detenciones-y-juicios-arbitrarios">Detenciones y juicios arbitrarios</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/espacio-digital-y-democracia">Espacio digital y democracia</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/independencia-y-pluralismo">Independencia y pluralismo</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/marco-legal-y-justicia">Marco legal y justicia</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/modelos-y-mejores-pr%C3%A1cticas">Modelos y mejores prácticas</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/sustentabilidad-de-los-medios">Sustentabilidad de los medios</a></li><li><a href="/es/tema/violencia-contra-periodistas">Violencia contra periodistas</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/fr/publications">Publicaciones</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/clasificacion">Clasificación mundial</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/barometro">Barómetro</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/fr/rapports">Informes</a></div> </div> </div> </li><li><span class="link-lvl-1" tabIndex="0">nuestros proyectos</span><div class="header_sub"><div class="header_sub-left"><div class="header_sub-rte"><h3 class="title">nuestros proyectos</h3> <div class="description"><p>Llevamos a cabo un trabajo de fondo con gobiernos e instituciones con el fin de lograr un cambio duradero. Ofrecemos soluciones concretas y lanzamos iniciativas internacionales. Actuamos sobre el terreno para ayudar a los periodistas en peligro, en cualquier lugar y en cualquier momento.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header_sub-right"><div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/node/79253">Información y Democracia</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/collateral-freedom">Collateral Freedom</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/protect-journalists">Protect journalists</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/journalism-trust-initiative">Journalism Trust Initiative</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/servicios-para-periodistas-y-medios-de-comunicaci%C3%B3n">Asistencia a periodistas y medios de comunicación</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> </div> </div> </li><li><span class="link-lvl-1" tabIndex="0">Actuar</span><div class="header_sub"><div class="header_sub-left"><div class="header_sub-rte"><h3 class="title">Actuar</h3> <div class="description"><p>¿Cree que no puede haber libertad de conciencia sin libertad de prensa? ¿Quiere ayudar al periodismo libre e independiente, y a quienes lo personifican? ¿Quiere defender el derecho a la información? Hay varias formas de apoyar a RSF: ¡encuentre la más adecuada para usted y únase a la lucha!</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header_sub-right"><div class="link-lvl2"><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Apóyanos</span><div class="link-lvl3"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="https://donate.rsf.org/b/mon-don?cid=32&_cv=1" target="_blank">Haz un donativo</a></li><li><a href="/es/afiliarse">Únete</a></li><li><a href="https://boutique.rsf.org/" target="_blank">Compra el álbum fotográfico </a></li><li><a href="/es/node/79146">Legados y donaciones</a></li><li><a href="/es/convertirse-en-mecenas">Hazte patrocinador</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> <div class="link-lvl2"></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/fr/nos-petitions">Firma nuestras peticiones</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/node/79155">Únete a nosotros</a></div> <div class="header_mea"><div class="epingle_menu taxonomy-term vocabulary-pays-region" id="taxonomy-term-44"> <div class="content"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li><li><span class="link-lvl-1" tabIndex="0">Conócernos</span><div class="header_sub"><div class="header_sub-left"><div class="header_sub-rte"><h3 class="title">Conócernos</h3> <div class="description"><p>Descubra RSF entre bastidores para conocer en pormenores nuestro funcionamiento, nuestros equipos, nuestra financiación, nuestra organización así como nuestras recomendaciones, socios, proyectos y eventos que apoyamos y que actúan, a su manera, para promover nuestro ideal común.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header_sub-right"><div class="link-lvl2"><a href="/es/qui%C3%A9nes-somos">¿Quiénes somos?</a></div> <div class="link-lvl2"><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">Organización</span><div class="link-lvl3"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/es/gobernabilidad">Gobernanza</a></li><li><a href="/es/equipo">Equipo</a></li><li><a href="/es/finanzas-y-ayudas">Transparencia financiera y apoyos</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> <div 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field--name-field-titre-long field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">Sans frontières mais pas sans vous </div> <div class="field field--name-field-lien field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item"><a href="https://donate.rsf.org?cid=196&lang=fr_FR&reserved_origine=SPSHEA&utm_source=site_rsf&utm_medium=site&utm_campaign=spontane" class="cta-fort">Je fais un don </a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="region region-highlighted"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> <main role="main"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="layout-content"> <div class="region region-content"> <div id="block-rsf-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block"> <article lang="fr" class="node node--type-initiative node--promoted node--view-mode-full"> <div class="node__content"> <div class="wrapper-main initiative"> <div class="wrapper-top"> <div id="block-rsf-breadcrumbs" class="block block-system block-system-breadcrumb-block"> <nav class="breadcrumb" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="system-breadcrumb"> <h2 id="system-breadcrumb" class="visually-hidden">Sobrescribir enlaces de ayuda a la navegación</h2> <ol> <li> <a href="">Nuestras acciones</a> </li> </ol> </nav> </div> <h1 class="title">Information et démocratie</h1> <div class="field field--name-field-sous-titre field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">-</div> <div class="field field--name-field-visuel field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article data-focal-point="50% 50%" class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-entete"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <img alt="" loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/medias/image/2022/04/id_0.jpg" width="208" height="116" /> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper-content"> <div class="wrapper-block-sticky"> <div class="wrapper-sticky-anchors"><div class="item-list"><ul class="links"><li><span class="label-anchor-highlight">Resumen</span> </li><li><a href="/es/node/79253#la-commission-2905">La Commission</a></li><li><a href="/es/node/79253#la-declaration-2907">La Déclaration</a></li><li><a href="/es/node/79253#engagement-politique-2909">Engagement politique</a></li><li><a href="/es/node/79253#le-partenariat-2911">Le Partenariat</a></li><li><a href="/es/node/79253#le-forum-2913">Le Forum</a></li><li><a href="/es/node/79253#_50-recommandations---pour-mettre-fin-aux-infodemies-2915">250 recommandations : « Pour mettre fin aux infodémies »</a></li><li><a href="/es/node/79253#contacts-2917">Contacts</a></li></ul></div></div> <div class="wrapper-social-shared"><div class="title">Partager</div> <div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://rsf.org/es/node/79253" class="link-shared-social link-social-facebook" target="_blank">facebook</a></li><li><a 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l’espace global de l’information et de la communication. Ce projet vise à mettre en oeuvre l’article 19 de la Déclaration universelle des droits de l’Homme à l’ère numérique.</p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-contenu-editorial field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><h1>Retour en image sur un an de mobilisation internationale : </h1> <p> </p> <p><iframe allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen frameborder="0" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cjAA8BE_rng" title="YouTube video player" width="560"></iframe></p> <div class="video-container"> </div> <p> </p> <p> </p> <style type="text/css">* { box-sizing: border-box; } /* Create three unequal columns that floats next to each other */ .column { float: left; padding: 10px; } .left, .right { width: 33%; } .middle { width: 33%; } /* Clear floats after the columns */ .row:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .row-flex { display: flex; flex-direction: row; } </style><h1>Trois étapes historiques ont déjà été franchies :</h1> <p> </p> <h2> </h2> <style type="text/css">#accordion li::before { content: " "; color: #ffffff; /* or whatever color you prefer */ } #accordion{ width: 600px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; } #accordion h2{ color: #ffffff; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; padding: 10px; background: #000000; border-bottom: 5px solid #ffffff; } #accordion li div.content{ display: none; padding: 10px; background: #000000; border: 1px solid #ddd; list-style: none; } #accordion li:hover div.content{ display: inherit; } body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; } .box { width: 40%; margin: 0 auto; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.2); padding: 15px; border: 0px solid #fff; border-radius: 20px/20px; background-clip: padding-box; text-align: center; } .button { font-size: 1em; padding: 10px; color: #000000; border: 2px solid #f00000; border-radius: 0px/50px; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; } .button:hover { background: #f00000; } .right-info-side { float:right; margin:0 0 0 10px; max-width:240px; position:relative; text-align:left; } @media only screen and (max-width:1100px){ .right-info-side{ display:inline-block; max-width:none; margin:0 1em .5em 0; padding:.5em; text-align:left;} } @media only screen and (max-width:415px){ .right-info-side{ display:none;} } .right-info-side__number{ font-size:60px; font-size:4.28571rem; line-height:1; } .right-info-side__main{ font-size:22px; font-size:1.57143rem; line-height:1;} .right-info-side__source{ font-size:10px; line-height:.5; } .right-info-side{float:right;position:relative;margin:0 -240px 0 0;max-width:240px;min-height:210px;padding:1em;background-size:cover;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;} .left-info-side__source{ font-size:10px; line-height:.5; } table, th, td { border: 10px solid white; } .overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); transition: opacity 500ms; visibility: hidden; opacity: 0; } .overlay:target { visibility: visible; opacity: 1; } .popup2 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 30px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 60%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup2 h2 { margin-top: 20; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; overflow: scroll; } .popup2 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup2 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup2 .content { max-height: 300px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: scroll; text-align: left; } .popup3 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 30px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 50%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup3 h2 { margin-top: 20; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; overflow: auto; } .popup3 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup3 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup3 .content { max-height: 300px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: auto; text-align: left; } .popup4 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 30px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 50%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup4 h2 { margin-top: 20; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; overflow: auto; } .popup4 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup4 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup4 .content { max-height: 300px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: auto; text-align: left; } .popup5 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 20px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 50%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup5 h2 { margin-top: 10; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; } .popup5 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup5 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup5 .content { max-height: 400px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: auto; text-align: left; } @media screen and (max-width: 700px){ .box{ width: 100%; } .popup2 { width: 100%; } .popup3 { width: 100%; } .popup4 { width: 100%; } .popup5 { width: 100%; } } </style><div class="overlay" id="pop_letter"> <div class="popup2"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Dear [Name of Candidate], <p>I am writing to ask you what you plan to do to defend the First Amendment, freedom of the press, and the fundamental rights of journalists to practice their profession freely in what has become an increasingly hostile environment for information and news providers.</p> <p>The United States, which enshrines press freedom in the First Amendment of its Constitution, is currently witnessing a drastic decline in media freedom. On June 28, one of the most horrific attacks on press freedom in the United States occurred when five employees, including four reporters, were killed at the Capital Gazette newspaper in Annapolis, Maryland. According to the US Press Freedom Tracker, which comprehensively documents press freedom violations in the US committed by national, state, and local authorities as well as private individuals, 33 journalists were arrested, 43 were physically attacked, and 15 seizures of journalists’ equipment occurred in 2017. In one of these incidents, Rep. Greg Gianforte physically assaulted a Guardian journalist the night before his state’s election. While covering the school shooting in Parkland, Florida, journalists were impersonated on social media, impeding their ability to accurately investigate the facts and disseminate information which could be vital to preventing a similar tragedy. This hostility towards the press not only risks compromising the American public’s right to be informed through journalists’ reporting, but can also degrade the public’s trust in the media itself.</p> <p>This is not a partisan issue; it is a fundamental right that impacts every American no matter their politics. Journalism is at the crux of our democracy, and communities everywhere rely on journalists to provide them with information that is essential to their daily decision-making processes. It was local investigative journalist Curt Guyette who broke the story about Flint, Michigan’s lack of access to clean water in 2014, prompting years of class-action lawsuits, protests, and subsequent federal assistance to the city in order to try to resolve the crisis. Reporters Megan Twohey, Jodi Kantor, and Ronan Farrow publicized sexual assault allegations against influential Hollywood producer Harvey Weinstein in 2017, leading to the ubiquitous and powerful #MeToo movement which brought decades of sexual abuse and harassment across multiple industries to light.</p> <p>Yet freedom of the press in the US is currently in dire need of congressional support. It is our civic duty as one of the world’s leading democracies to uphold principles that support and protect the rights of journalists so that they may hold those in power accountable and ensure an informed and engaged community.</p> <p>If you are elected, what do you plan to do to protect this utterly essential component of our democracy? What are your plans to protect the public’s right to be informed through a free and independent press?</p> <p>Sincerely,<br> [Your name]</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_call"> <div class="popup3"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Hello, my name is _______ and I am from [city, state]. <p>I’m calling to let you know that [candidate/representative]'s stance on freedom of the press is extremely important in my decision to vote. I feel that this is not a partisan issue, but a fundamental right that impacts every American no matter their politics.</p> <p>I have become increasingly concerned with the growing climate of hostility for journalists in this country, and I would like for [candidate/representative] to publicly address what they will do to defend press freedom if [he/she] is elected.</p> <p>Thank you.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_twitter"> <div class="popup4"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Freedom of the press is suffering in the US. @[yourcandidate] if you are elected to serve in Congress, what are your plans to protect journalists and our right to be informed? Will you #DefendPressFreedom? <p>Democracy depends on a free and independent press and its ability to hold those in power accountable. [@yourcandidate] will you take measures to protect journalism and the First Amendment? Will you #DefendPressFreedom?</p> <p>In June, four reporters were murdered in an appalling targeted attack on the Capital Gazette and freedom of the press. [@yourcandidate] what will you do to address the growing threat to journalists in this country? #DefendPressFreedom</p> <p>Press freedom is in steady decline in the US. I want my representative to defend the work of journalists as well as my right to be informed. [@yourcandidate] if you are elected what will you do to protect a free press? #DefendPressFreedom</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_facebook"> <div class="popup4"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Journalists play a crucial role in our democracy by keeping us informed and holding those in power accountable. And yet in the US, attacks on journalists are becoming more common, undermining the media's role and creating opportunities for government overreach, the erosion of press freedom, and impeding our right to be informed. I’m contacting my candidates and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. Join me at <a href="http://www.defendpressfreedom.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">DefendPressFreedom.com</a> <p>A free press is essential to our democracy. Communities everywhere rely on journalists to report on our government’s actions and hold public figures accountable, providing us with the information we need to make decisions every day. And yet physical, verbal, and online attacks against journalists in the US are increasing at an astonishing rate. I’m contacting my candidates and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. You should too. Read more at <a href="http://www.defendpressfreedom.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">DefendPressFreedom.com</a></p> <p>Press freedom is declining in the US at an alarming rate. Physical, verbal, and online attacks against journalists have increased drastically in the last two years. As the US midterm elections approach, we must remind our congressional candidates that journalists play a crucial role in our democracy by keeping us informed and holding those in power accountable. I’m contacting my representatives and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. Join in and help me spread the word at <a href="http://www.defendpressfreedom.com" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">DefendPressFreedom.com</a><br>  </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_sign-up"> <div class="popup5"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content"> <style type="text/css">#mc_embed_signup{background:#fff; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; } /* Add your own MailChimp form style overrides in your site stylesheet or in this style block. We recommend moving this block and the preceding CSS link to the HEAD of your HTML file. */ </style><div id="mc_embed_signup"> <form action="https://rsf.us7.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=5cb8824c726d51483ba41891e&id=612e3a97a5" class="validate" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" method="post" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" novalidate target="_blank"> <div id="mc_embed_signup_scroll"> <h2>Stay updated on #DefendPressFreedom</h2> <div class="indicates-required"><span class="asterisk">*</span> indicates required</div> <div class="mc-field-group"><label for="mce-EMAIL">Email Address <span class="asterisk">*</span> </label><br> <input class="required email" id="mce-EMAIL" name="EMAIL" type="email" value></div> <div class="mc-field-group"><label for="mce-FNAME">First Name <span class="asterisk">*</span></label><br> <input id="mce-FNAME" name="FNAME" type="text" value></div> <div class="clear" id="mce-responses"> <div class="response" id="mce-error-response"> </div> <div class="response" id="mce-success-response"> </div> </div> <div aria-hidden="true"> <input name="b_5cb8824c726d51483ba41891e_612e3a97a5" tabindex="-1" type="text" value></div> <div class="clear"> <input class="button" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" name="subscribe" type="submit" value="Subscribe"></div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h2> </h2> <div class="content"> </div> <h2>Commission sur l’information et la Démocratie</h2> <div class="“content”">En novembre 2018, RSF a rassemblé une <strong>Commission internationale sur l'information et la démocratie</strong> rassemblant 25 personnalités de 18 nationalités différentes et  de divers champs de compétence (Lauréats du Prix Nobel de la Paix et du Prix Nobel d'économie, spécialistes des nouvelles technologies, journalistes en proie à des régimes autoritaires, anciens dirigeants d’organisations internationales , etc..). <div class="box"><a class="button" href="https://rsf.org/fr/commission" target="_blank">En savoir plus</a></div> </div> <div class="content">Cette Commission a publié le 5 novembre 2018 la <strong>Déclaration internationale sur l'Information et la Démocratie </strong>qui définit les principes fondamentaux de ce “bien commun de l’humanité” qu’est l'espace global de l'information et de la communication. <div class="box"><a class="button" href="https://rsf.org/fr/declaration" target="_blank">En savoir plus</a></div> <p> </p> <h2>L’engagement de chefs d’Etat et de gouvernement</h2> <div class="content">Cette Commission a publié le 5 novembre 2018 la <strong>Déclaration internationale sur l'Information et la Démocratie </strong>qui définit les principes fondamentaux de ce “bien commun de l’humanité” qu’est l'espace global de l'information et de la communication. <div class="box"><a class="button" href="https://rsf.org/fr/engagement-politique" target="_blank">En savoir plus</a></div> </div> </div> <ul id="accordion"> </ul> <p> </p> <h1>La création d’une nouvelle organisation pour mettre en oeuvre ces principes :</h1> <style type="text/css">#accordion li::before { content: " "; color: #ffffff; /* or whatever color you prefer */ } #accordion{ width: 600px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; } #accordion h2{ color: #ffffff; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; padding: 10px; background: #000000; border-bottom: 5px solid #ffffff; } #accordion li div.content{ display: none; padding: 10px; background: #000000; border: 1px solid #ddd; list-style: none; } #accordion li:hover div.content{ display: inherit; } body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; } .box { width: 40%; margin: 0 auto; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.2); padding: 15px; border: 0px solid #fff; border-radius: 20px/20px; background-clip: padding-box; text-align: center; } .button { font-size: 1em; padding: 10px; color: #000000; border: 2px solid #f00000; border-radius: 0px/50px; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; } .button:hover { background: #f00000; } .right-info-side { float:right; margin:0 0 0 10px; max-width:240px; position:relative; text-align:left; } @media only screen and (max-width:1100px){ .right-info-side{ display:inline-block; max-width:none; margin:0 1em .5em 0; padding:.5em; text-align:left;} } @media only screen and (max-width:415px){ .right-info-side{ display:none;} } .right-info-side__number{ font-size:60px; font-size:4.28571rem; line-height:1; } .right-info-side__main{ font-size:22px; font-size:1.57143rem; line-height:1;} .right-info-side__source{ font-size:10px; line-height:.5; } .right-info-side{float:right;position:relative;margin:0 -240px 0 0;max-width:240px;min-height:210px;padding:1em;background-size:cover;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;} .left-info-side__source{ font-size:10px; line-height:.5; } table, th, td { border: 10px solid white; } .overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); transition: opacity 500ms; visibility: hidden; opacity: 0; } .overlay:target { visibility: visible; opacity: 1; } .popup2 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 30px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 60%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup2 h2 { margin-top: 20; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; overflow: scroll; } .popup2 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup2 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup2 .content { max-height: 300px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: scroll; text-align: left; } .popup3 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 30px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 50%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup3 h2 { margin-top: 20; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; overflow: auto; } .popup3 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup3 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup3 .content { max-height: 300px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: auto; text-align: left; } .popup4 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 30px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 50%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup4 h2 { margin-top: 20; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; overflow: auto; } .popup4 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup4 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup4 .content { max-height: 300px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: auto; text-align: left; } .popup5 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 20px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 50%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup5 h2 { margin-top: 10; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; } .popup5 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup5 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup5 .content { max-height: 400px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: auto; text-align: left; } @media screen and (max-width: 700px){ .box{ width: 100%; } .popup2 { width: 100%; } .popup3 { width: 100%; } .popup4 { width: 100%; } .popup5 { width: 100%; } } </style><div class="overlay" id="pop_letter"> <div class="popup2"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Dear [Name of Candidate], <p>I am writing to ask you what you plan to do to defend the First Amendment, freedom of the press, and the fundamental rights of journalists to practice their profession freely in what has become an increasingly hostile environment for information and news providers.</p> <p>The United States, which enshrines press freedom in the First Amendment of its Constitution, is currently witnessing a drastic decline in media freedom. On June 28, one of the most horrific attacks on press freedom in the United States occurred when five employees, including four reporters, were killed at the Capital Gazette newspaper in Annapolis, Maryland. According to the US Press Freedom Tracker, which comprehensively documents press freedom violations in the US committed by national, state, and local authorities as well as private individuals, 33 journalists were arrested, 43 were physically attacked, and 15 seizures of journalists’ equipment occurred in 2017. In one of these incidents, Rep. Greg Gianforte physically assaulted a Guardian journalist the night before his state’s election. While covering the school shooting in Parkland, Florida, journalists were impersonated on social media, impeding their ability to accurately investigate the facts and disseminate information which could be vital to preventing a similar tragedy. This hostility towards the press not only risks compromising the American public’s right to be informed through journalists’ reporting, but can also degrade the public’s trust in the media itself.</p> <p>This is not a partisan issue; it is a fundamental right that impacts every American no matter their politics. Journalism is at the crux of our democracy, and communities everywhere rely on journalists to provide them with information that is essential to their daily decision-making processes. It was local investigative journalist Curt Guyette who broke the story about Flint, Michigan’s lack of access to clean water in 2014, prompting years of class-action lawsuits, protests, and subsequent federal assistance to the city in order to try to resolve the crisis. Reporters Megan Twohey, Jodi Kantor, and Ronan Farrow publicized sexual assault allegations against influential Hollywood producer Harvey Weinstein in 2017, leading to the ubiquitous and powerful #MeToo movement which brought decades of sexual abuse and harassment across multiple industries to light.</p> <p>Yet freedom of the press in the US is currently in dire need of congressional support. It is our civic duty as one of the world’s leading democracies to uphold principles that support and protect the rights of journalists so that they may hold those in power accountable and ensure an informed and engaged community.</p> <p>If you are elected, what do you plan to do to protect this utterly essential component of our democracy? What are your plans to protect the public’s right to be informed through a free and independent press?</p> <p>Sincerely,<br> [Your name]</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_call"> <div class="popup3"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Hello, my name is _______ and I am from [city, state]. <p>I’m calling to let you know that [candidate/representative]'s stance on freedom of the press is extremely important in my decision to vote. I feel that this is not a partisan issue, but a fundamental right that impacts every American no matter their politics.</p> <p>I have become increasingly concerned with the growing climate of hostility for journalists in this country, and I would like for [candidate/representative] to publicly address what they will do to defend press freedom if [he/she] is elected.</p> <p>Thank you.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_twitter"> <div class="popup4"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Freedom of the press is suffering in the US. @[yourcandidate] if you are elected to serve in Congress, what are your plans to protect journalists and our right to be informed? Will you #DefendPressFreedom? <p>Democracy depends on a free and independent press and its ability to hold those in power accountable. [@yourcandidate] will you take measures to protect journalism and the First Amendment? Will you #DefendPressFreedom?</p> <p>In June, four reporters were murdered in an appalling targeted attack on the Capital Gazette and freedom of the press. [@yourcandidate] what will you do to address the growing threat to journalists in this country? #DefendPressFreedom</p> <p>Press freedom is in steady decline in the US. I want my representative to defend the work of journalists as well as my right to be informed. [@yourcandidate] if you are elected what will you do to protect a free press? #DefendPressFreedom</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_facebook"> <div class="popup4"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Journalists play a crucial role in our democracy by keeping us informed and holding those in power accountable. And yet in the US, attacks on journalists are becoming more common, undermining the media's role and creating opportunities for government overreach, the erosion of press freedom, and impeding our right to be informed. I’m contacting my candidates and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. Join me at <a href="http://www.defendpressfreedom.com">DefendPressFreedom.com</a> <p>A free press is essential to our democracy. Communities everywhere rely on journalists to report on our government’s actions and hold public figures accountable, providing us with the information we need to make decisions every day. And yet physical, verbal, and online attacks against journalists in the US are increasing at an astonishing rate. I’m contacting my candidates and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. You should too. Read more at <a href="http://www.defendpressfreedom.com">DefendPressFreedom.com</a></p> <p>Press freedom is declining in the US at an alarming rate. Physical, verbal, and online attacks against journalists have increased drastically in the last two years. As the US midterm elections approach, we must remind our congressional candidates that journalists play a crucial role in our democracy by keeping us informed and holding those in power accountable. I’m contacting my representatives and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. Join in and help me spread the word at <a href="http://www.defendpressfreedom.com">DefendPressFreedom.com</a><br>  </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_sign-up"> <div class="popup5"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content"> <style type="text/css">#mc_embed_signup{background:#fff; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; } /* Add your own MailChimp form style overrides in your site stylesheet or in this style block. We recommend moving this block and the preceding CSS link to the HEAD of your HTML file. */ </style><div id="mc_embed_signup"> <form action="https://rsf.us7.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=5cb8824c726d51483ba41891e&id=612e3a97a5" class="validate" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" method="post" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" novalidate target="_blank"> <div id="mc_embed_signup_scroll"> <h2>Stay updated on #DefendPressFreedom</h2> <div class="indicates-required"><span class="asterisk">*</span> indicates required</div> <div class="mc-field-group"><label for="mce-EMAIL">Email Address <span class="asterisk">*</span> </label><br> <input class="required email" id="mce-EMAIL" name="EMAIL" type="email" value></div> <div class="mc-field-group"><label for="mce-FNAME">First Name <span class="asterisk">*</span></label><br> <input id="mce-FNAME" name="FNAME" type="text" value></div> <div class="clear" id="mce-responses"> <div class="response" id="mce-error-response"> </div> <div class="response" id="mce-success-response"> </div> </div> <div aria-hidden="true"> <input name="b_5cb8824c726d51483ba41891e_612e3a97a5" tabindex="-1" type="text" value></div> <div class="clear"> <input class="button" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" name="subscribe" type="submit" value="Subscribe"></div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h2>Le Forum international sur l'information et la démocratie</h2> <div class="“content”">Conformément à la Déclaration internationale sur l’information et la démocratie, une nouvelle organisation doit voir le jour pour rassembler l’ensemble des parties autour d’un objectif commun : mettre en oeuvre les principes fondamentaux de l’espace global de l’information et de la communication, pour garantir la liberté d’opinion et d’expression et renforcer les modèles démocratiques.  <div class="box"><a class="button" href="https://rsf.org/fr/commission" target="_blank">En savoir plus</a></div> <p> </p> <h2>Le Forum est : </h2> <ul> <li>Créé et administré par la société civile afin d’assurer son indépendance vis-à-vis des gouvernements comme des entreprises privées ;</li> <li>Investi d’un mandat clair fondé sur la Déclaration internationale sur l’information et la démocratie ;</li> <li>Doté des moyens nécessaires pour évaluer les normes et architectures de l’espace de la communication et de l’information, formuler des recommandations à l’ensemble des parties prenantes, faciliter la mise en place de solutions concrètes et soutenir l’indépendance, le pluralisme et la fiabilité de l’information. </li> </ul> </div> <ul id="accordion"> </ul> <hr> <p> </p> <h1>Soutien d’Antonio Guterres, Secrétaire général de l’ONU: </h1> <p> </p> <p><em>“Je salue l’initiative que vous avez prise de créer la Commission sur l’information et la démocratie. Elle intervient à un moment critique, où les nouveaux moyens de communication et de diffusion de l’information sont en train de transformer notre monde. Il est plus important que jamais d’avoir accès à des informations pertinentes et fiables. (...). Aujourd’hui plus que jamais, nous devons réaffirmer l’importance du débat public, et rappeler qu’il doit se dérouler dans la rigueur et le respect, reposer sur des informations exactes et être ouvert à des voix plurielles. Je vous remercie de contribuer à ouvrir le chemin.</em><em>”</em></p> <div class="video-container"> <iframe allowfullscreen frameborder="0" height="281" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/5Sdl1dc0_Ao" width="500"></iframe></div> <p> </p> <style type="text/css">#accordion li::before { content: " "; color: #ffffff; /* or whatever color you prefer */ } #accordion{ width: 600px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; } #accordion h2{ color: #ffffff; font-size: 12pt; margin: 0px; padding: 10px; background: #000000; border-bottom: 5px solid #ffffff; } #accordion li div.content{ display: none; padding: 10px; background: #000000; border: 1px solid #ddd; list-style: none; } #accordion li:hover div.content{ display: inherit; } body { font-family: Arial, sans-serif; } .box { width: 40%; margin: 0 auto; background: rgba(255,255,255,0.2); padding: 15px; border: 0px solid #fff; border-radius: 20px/20px; background-clip: padding-box; text-align: center; } .button { font-size: 1em; padding: 10px; color: #000000; border: 2px solid #f00000; border-radius: 0px/50px; text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; transition: all 0.3s ease-out; } .button:hover { background: #f00000; } .right-info-side { float:right; margin:0 0 0 10px; max-width:240px; position:relative; text-align:left; } @media only screen and (max-width:1100px){ .right-info-side{ display:inline-block; max-width:none; margin:0 1em .5em 0; padding:.5em; text-align:left;} } @media only screen and (max-width:415px){ .right-info-side{ display:none;} } .right-info-side__number{ font-size:60px; font-size:4.28571rem; line-height:1; } .right-info-side__main{ font-size:22px; font-size:1.57143rem; line-height:1;} .right-info-side__source{ font-size:10px; line-height:.5; } .right-info-side{float:right;position:relative;margin:0 -240px 0 0;max-width:240px;min-height:210px;padding:1em;background-size:cover;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;} .left-info-side__source{ font-size:10px; line-height:.5; } table, th, td { border: 10px solid white; } .overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7); transition: opacity 500ms; visibility: hidden; opacity: 0; } .overlay:target { visibility: visible; opacity: 1; } .popup2 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 30px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 60%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup2 h2 { margin-top: 20; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; overflow: scroll; } .popup2 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup2 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup2 .content { max-height: 300px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: scroll; text-align: left; } .popup3 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 30px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 50%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup3 h2 { margin-top: 20; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; overflow: auto; } .popup3 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup3 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup3 .content { max-height: 300px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: auto; text-align: left; } .popup4 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 30px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 50%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup4 h2 { margin-top: 20; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; overflow: auto; } .popup4 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup4 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup4 .content { max-height: 300px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: auto; text-align: left; } .popup5 { margin: 120px auto; padding: 20px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 5px; width: 50%; position: relative; border-color: #f00000; } .popup5 h2 { margin-top: 10; color: #000000; font-family: Tahoma, Arial, sans-serif; } .popup5 .close { position: absolute; top: 3px; right: 10px; transition: all 300ms; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; color: #333; } .popup5 .close:hover { color: #f00000; } .popup5 .content { max-height: 400px; meax-width: 300px; overflow: auto; text-align: left; } @media screen and (max-width: 700px){ .box{ width: 100%; } .popup2 { width: 100%; } .popup3 { width: 100%; } .popup4 { width: 100%; } .popup5 { width: 100%; } } </style><div class="overlay" id="pop_letter"> <div class="popup2"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Dear [Name of Candidate], <p>I am writing to ask you what you plan to do to defend the First Amendment, freedom of the press, and the fundamental rights of journalists to practice their profession freely in what has become an increasingly hostile environment for information and news providers.</p> <p>The United States, which enshrines press freedom in the First Amendment of its Constitution, is currently witnessing a drastic decline in media freedom. On June 28, one of the most horrific attacks on press freedom in the United States occurred when five employees, including four reporters, were killed at the Capital Gazette newspaper in Annapolis, Maryland. According to the US Press Freedom Tracker, which comprehensively documents press freedom violations in the US committed by national, state, and local authorities as well as private individuals, 33 journalists were arrested, 43 were physically attacked, and 15 seizures of journalists’ equipment occurred in 2017. In one of these incidents, Rep. Greg Gianforte physically assaulted a Guardian journalist the night before his state’s election. While covering the school shooting in Parkland, Florida, journalists were impersonated on social media, impeding their ability to accurately investigate the facts and disseminate information which could be vital to preventing a similar tragedy. This hostility towards the press not only risks compromising the American public’s right to be informed through journalists’ reporting, but can also degrade the public’s trust in the media itself.</p> <p>This is not a partisan issue; it is a fundamental right that impacts every American no matter their politics. Journalism is at the crux of our democracy, and communities everywhere rely on journalists to provide them with information that is essential to their daily decision-making processes. It was local investigative journalist Curt Guyette who broke the story about Flint, Michigan’s lack of access to clean water in 2014, prompting years of class-action lawsuits, protests, and subsequent federal assistance to the city in order to try to resolve the crisis. Reporters Megan Twohey, Jodi Kantor, and Ronan Farrow publicized sexual assault allegations against influential Hollywood producer Harvey Weinstein in 2017, leading to the ubiquitous and powerful #MeToo movement which brought decades of sexual abuse and harassment across multiple industries to light.</p> <p>Yet freedom of the press in the US is currently in dire need of congressional support. It is our civic duty as one of the world’s leading democracies to uphold principles that support and protect the rights of journalists so that they may hold those in power accountable and ensure an informed and engaged community.</p> <p>If you are elected, what do you plan to do to protect this utterly essential component of our democracy? What are your plans to protect the public’s right to be informed through a free and independent press?</p> <p>Sincerely,<br> [Your name]</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_call"> <div class="popup3"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Hello, my name is _______ and I am from [city, state]. <p>I’m calling to let you know that [candidate/representative]'s stance on freedom of the press is extremely important in my decision to vote. I feel that this is not a partisan issue, but a fundamental right that impacts every American no matter their politics.</p> <p>I have become increasingly concerned with the growing climate of hostility for journalists in this country, and I would like for [candidate/representative] to publicly address what they will do to defend press freedom if [he/she] is elected.</p> <p>Thank you.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_twitter"> <div class="popup4"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Freedom of the press is suffering in the US. @[yourcandidate] if you are elected to serve in Congress, what are your plans to protect journalists and our right to be informed? Will you #DefendPressFreedom? <p>Democracy depends on a free and independent press and its ability to hold those in power accountable. [@yourcandidate] will you take measures to protect journalism and the First Amendment? Will you #DefendPressFreedom?</p> <p>In June, four reporters were murdered in an appalling targeted attack on the Capital Gazette and freedom of the press. [@yourcandidate] what will you do to address the growing threat to journalists in this country? #DefendPressFreedom</p> <p>Press freedom is in steady decline in the US. I want my representative to defend the work of journalists as well as my right to be informed. [@yourcandidate] if you are elected what will you do to protect a free press? #DefendPressFreedom</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_facebook"> <div class="popup4"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content">Journalists play a crucial role in our democracy by keeping us informed and holding those in power accountable. And yet in the US, attacks on journalists are becoming more common, undermining the media's role and creating opportunities for government overreach, the erosion of press freedom, and impeding our right to be informed. I’m contacting my candidates and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. Join me at <a href="http://www.defendpressfreedom.com">DefendPressFreedom.com</a> <p>A free press is essential to our democracy. Communities everywhere rely on journalists to report on our government’s actions and hold public figures accountable, providing us with the information we need to make decisions every day. And yet physical, verbal, and online attacks against journalists in the US are increasing at an astonishing rate. I’m contacting my candidates and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. You should too. Read more at <a href="http://www.defendpressfreedom.com">DefendPressFreedom.com</a></p> <p>Press freedom is declining in the US at an alarming rate. Physical, verbal, and online attacks against journalists have increased drastically in the last two years. As the US midterm elections approach, we must remind our congressional candidates that journalists play a crucial role in our democracy by keeping us informed and holding those in power accountable. I’m contacting my representatives and encouraging them to defend press freedom during their midterm election campaign. Join in and help me spread the word at <a href="http://www.defendpressfreedom.com">DefendPressFreedom.com</a><br>  </p></div> </div> </div> <div class="overlay" id="pop_sign-up"> <div class="popup5"><a class="close" href="#close">×</a> <div align="center" class="content"> <style type="text/css">#mc_embed_signup{background:#fff; clear:left; font:14px Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; } /* Add your own MailChimp form style overrides in your site stylesheet or in this style block. We recommend moving this block and the preceding CSS link to the HEAD of your HTML file. */ </style><div id="mc_embed_signup"> <form action="https://rsf.us7.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=5cb8824c726d51483ba41891e&id=612e3a97a5" class="validate" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" method="post" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" novalidate target="_blank"> <div id="mc_embed_signup_scroll"> <h2>Stay updated on #DefendPressFreedom</h2> <div class="indicates-required"><span class="asterisk">*</span> indicates required</div> <div class="mc-field-group"><label for="mce-EMAIL">Email Address <span class="asterisk">*</span> </label><br> <input class="required email" id="mce-EMAIL" name="EMAIL" type="email" value></div> <div class="mc-field-group"><label for="mce-FNAME">First Name <span class="asterisk">*</span></label><br> <input id="mce-FNAME" name="FNAME" type="text" value></div> <div class="clear" id="mce-responses"> <div class="response" id="mce-error-response"> </div> <div class="response" id="mce-success-response"> </div> </div> <div aria-hidden="true"> <input name="b_5cb8824c726d51483ba41891e_612e3a97a5" tabindex="-1" type="text" value></div> <div class="clear"> <input class="button" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" name="subscribe" type="submit" value="Subscribe"></div> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="la-commission-2905">La Commission</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>La Commission Internationale sur l’Information et la Démocratie</p> <p>Soixante-dix ans après l’adoption de la Déclaration Universelle des Droits de l’Homme par l’Assemblée Générale de l’ONU, l’action de la commission s’inscrit dans un contexte où “<em>la crise de confiance dans les démocraties et la montée en puissance de régimes despotiques représentent un risque pour les libertés, la concorde civile et la paix</em>.”</p> <p> </p> <p>Le contrôle politique de l’information dans un espace mondialisé, l’influence des intérêts particuliers, la montée en puissance d’acteurs privés échappant au contrôle démocratique et la fragilisation du journalisme de qualité en sont les principaux facteurs. </p> <p> </p> <p>La Commission sur l’information et la démocratie, co-présidée par Christophe Deloire, secrétaire général de Reporters sans frontières (RSF) et Shirin Ebadi, lauréate du Prix Nobel de la Paix, s’est réunie pour la première fois à Paris le 11 septembre 2018.</p> <p> </p> <p>Selon <a href="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/lettre_de_mission_id.pdf">la lettre de mission</a>, “<em>la Déclaration qui sera issue des travaux de la Commission aura pour objet d’énoncer des principes, de définir des objectifs et de proposer des modalités de gouvernance</em>”. Elle “<em>devra constituer une référence qui permette de mobiliser tous ceux qui sont attachés à préserver un espace public libre et pluraliste, condition de la démocratie</em>”.</p> <p> </p> <h2>La Commission internationale sur l’information et la démocratie est composée des personnes suivantes : </h2> <p> </p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/emily-bell" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%20_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/yochai-benkler" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%202_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/dr-teng-biao" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%203_2.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/nighat-dad" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%204_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/primavera-de-filippi" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%205_1.png"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/mireille-delmas-marty" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%206_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/christophe-deloire" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%207_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/abdou-diouf" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%208_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/can-dundar" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%209_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/dr-shirin-ebadi"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2010_1.png"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/francis-fukuyama" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2011_2.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/ulrik-haagerup" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2012_0.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/hauwa-ibrahim" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2013_0.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/ann-marie-lipinski" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2014_0.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/adam-michnik" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2015_0.png"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/eli-pariser" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2016_0.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/antoine-petit"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2017_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/navi-pillay"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2018_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/maria-ressa" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2019_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/amartya-sen" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2020_2.png"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/joseph-e-stiglitz" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2021_0.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/mario-vargas-llosa" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/22%20Mario%20vargas%20_1.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/marina-walker-guevara" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2023_0.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/aidan-white"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2024_0.png"></a></td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/mikhail-zygar" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Images%20Bio%2025_0.png"></a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="la-declaration-2907">La Déclaration</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>La Déclaration internationale sur l’information et la démocratie pose les principes fondamentaux de l’espace global de l’information et de la communication, un “bien commun de l’humanité”. L’organisation de cet espace “relève de la responsabilité de l’humanité tout entière, par l’intermédiaire d’institutions démocratiques”. </p> <p> </p> <p>Ce texte de six pages, publié lundi 5 novembre 2018, précise les garanties démocratiques pour la LIRE LA DÉCLARATION<a href="https://rsf.org/fr/lespace-global-de-linformation-et-de-la-communication-un-bien-commun-de-lhumanite">ICI</a>liberté, l’indépendance, le pluralisme et la fiabilité de l’information, dans un contexte de mondialisation, de digitalisation et de bouleversement de l’espace public.</p> <p> </p> <p><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/IANDDDARK.jpg"></p> <p>La Déclaration se décline en 5 parties: </p> <ul> <li>Préambule : L’espace global de l’information et de la communication, un bien commun de l’humanité</li> <li>Principes</li> <li>Les entités qui créent les moyens techniques, les architectures de choix et les normes de l’information et de la communication</li> <li>Médias et journalisme</li> <li>Vers un cadre international pour l’information et la communication</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><a href="https://rsf.org/fr/lespace-global-de-linformation-et-de-la-communication-un-bien-commun-de-lhumanite" target="_blank">LIRE LA DÉCLARATION</a></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="engagement-politique-2909">Engagement politique</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Le 11 novembre 2018, quelques jours après la publication de la Déclaration et à l'occasion du Forum de Paris sur la paix, 12 chefs d’Etat et de gouvernement ont répondu à l’appel lancé par la Commission sur l’information et la démocratie.</p> <p> </p> <p>Les dirigeants des pays suivants, Burkina Faso, Canada, Costa Rica, Danemark, France, Lettonie, Liban, Lituanie, Norvège, Sénégal, Suisse, Tunisie, se sont engagés à lancer un processus politique visant à mettre en oeuvre les principes édictés dans la Déclaration.</p> <p><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/000_1ar6c4_1.jpg"></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p>Antonio Guterres, Secrétaire Général de l’ONU, Audrey Azoulay, Directrice Générale de l’UNESCO et Thorbjørn Jagland, Secrétaire Général du Conseil de l’Europe, ont également apporté leur soutien à cet engagement politique. </p> <p> </p> <p>Pour Antonio Guterres, cette initiative <em>“intervient à un moment critique, où les nouveaux moyens de communication et de diffusion de l’information sont en train de transformer notre monde. Il est plus important que jamais d’avoir accès à des informations pertinentes et fiables.”</em></p> <p> </p> <p>Depuis cette date, une vingtaine de pays travaillent à la rédaction d’un Partenariat international sur l’information et la démocratie. Celui-ci devrait être signé avant la fin de l’année 2019 et concrétisera l’engagement initial pris au Forum de Paris sur la Paix.</p> <p> </p> <p>Ce Partenariat est négocié par des Etats partageant les même valeurs démocratiques et la même vision pour l’espace global de l’information et de la communication. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Soutien des Chefs d’Etat et de Gouvernement : </strong></p> <p> </p> <p>“<em>Nous sommes aujourd’hui à un tournant majeur 70 ans après l’adoption de la Déclaration universelle des droits de l’Homme, la liberté d’opinion et d’expression qui est au fondement de nos démocraties et dont nous pensions les progrès irréversibles, se trouve à nouveau menacée et contestée,” avant d’ajouter “je soutiens votre initiative, je suis favorable en nous inspirant de la déclaration présentée aujourd’hui à ce que nous nous mettions d’accord sur un ensemble d’engagements et à ce que nous nous efforçons de rallier à ces engagements le maximum d’Etats. Je suis favorable à ce que nous mettions en place un groupement international d’experts sur ce sujet, parce qu’il n’y a pas de bonheur sans liberté et de liberté sans courage. Vous avez décidé de prendre vos responsabilités, je pense que nous devons en tant que chefs d’Etat et de gouvernement les prendre aussi, et donc je veux ici dire la mobilisation complète de la France dans ce soutien et remercier mes amis chefs d’Etat et de gouvernement ici présents qui je le sais partagent cela.</em>”</p> <p><strong>Emmanuel Macron</strong></p> <p> </p> <p>“Sans la liberté d’expression et une vraie communication et un vrai espace pour cela, l’Etat de droit est menacé, les institutions qui les protègent seront sapés.”</p> <p><strong>Erna Solberg</strong></p> <p> </p> <p>“<em>En Afrique, il y a une volonté de plus en plus affirmée d’assurer la protection des journalistes et de créer les conditions d’un exercice digne de ce processus</em>.”</p> <p><strong>Macky Sall</strong></p> <p> </p> <p>“<em>Nous sommes venus ici pour vous dire : oui, nous sommes pour cette initiative et justement l’avenir nous apportera la preuve.</em>”</p> <p><strong>Beji Caïd Essebsi</strong></p> <p> </p> <p>“<em>Il faut </em>soutenir<em> le besoin d’avoir des médias forts et indépendants en qui nos concitoyens ont confiance. Le Canada s’engage à défendre la presse libre auprès de la Commission initiée par Reporters sans frontières</em>.”</p> <p><strong>Justin Trudeau</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><em>“Le pluralisme et la liberté d’opinion doivent être garantis. L’accès à des données factuelles, l’accès à la connaissance notamment en ce qui concerne les événements actuels relèvent d’un droit fondamental.”</em></p> <p><strong>Carlos Alvarado</strong></p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="le-partenariat-2911">Le Partenariat</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Lors de l’Assemblée générale de l’ONU à New York, trente-et-un Etats* ont signé un accord intergouvernemental historique initié par Reporters sans frontières (RSF). Avec le Partenariat international sur l’information et la démocratie, les Etats promeuvent les principes démocratiques dans l’espace digital.</p> <p> </p> <p>L’Initiative sur l’information et la démocratie lancée par Reporters sans frontières (RSF) a permis LIRE LE PARTENARIAT<a href="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/international_partnership_on_information.pdf">ICI</a>la signature d’un accord intergouvernemental inédit à l’Assemblée générale de l’ONU le 26 septembre 2019. Le Partenariat sur l’information et la démocratie permettra la mise en oeuvre de garanties démocratiques dans l’espace de la communication et de l’information. </p> <p><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/efamscyxyaudzzg_4.jpg"></p> <p>Signé par trente-et-un États, ce texte historique formalise leurs engagements à favoriser l’accès à une information libre, indépendante, plurielle et fiable. Il instaure des principes démocratiques, comme la neutralité politique, idéologique et religieuse des algorithmes et la transparence de leur fonctionnement. Il porte enfin sur la responsabilité des fournisseurs de services en ligne à favoriser l’information fiable et le pluralisme de l’indexation pour sortir du “chaos informationnel”.</p> <p> </p> <p>Devant plus de 50 ministres des Affaires étrangères et 20 représentants de délégations réunis pour le lancement de “l’Alliance pour le multilatéralisme” aux Nations unies, Christophe Deloire a lancé un appel solennel : “<em>si ce ne sont pas les démocraties qui fixent les règles, les intérêts privés et les dictateurs s’en chargent (...). Ils ont remplacé les parlements pour réguler l’espace de la communication et de l’information. C’est pourquoi nous avons entrepris de reconstruire un système de garanties démocratiques, adapté à l’ère technologique.”</em></p> <p> </p> <p>La <a href="https://rsf.org/fr/commission">Commission</a> internationale sur l’information et la démocratie initiée par RSF, co-présidée par Christophe Deloire et Shirin Ebadi, lauréate du Prix Nobel de la Paix, s’est réunie pour la première fois le 11 septembre 2018. La Commission publiait la <a href="https://rsf.org/fr/declaration">Déclaration sur l’information et la démocratie</a> début novembre 2018. Elle a été soutenue dans la foulée par douze chefs d’Etat et de gouvernement, et saluée par le secrétaire général de l’ONU, Antonio Guterres, la directrice générale de l’Unesco, Audrey Azoulay, et le secrétaire général du Conseil de l’Europe, Thorbjørn Jagland.</p> <p> </p> <p>La Déclaration de la Commission a déclenché un processus politique qui a reçu le <a href="https://rsf.org/fr/actualites/le-g7-apporte-un-soutien-unanime-linitiative-sur-linformation-et-la-democratie-lancee-par-rsf">soutien unanime du G7</a> à Biarritz en août 2019, à l’initiative du président français Emmanuel Macron, avant d’aboutir à l’Assemblée générale de l’ONU. <em>“Cet accord international est une avancée majeure. Initiée par la société civile, ce projet emporte le soutien des champions régionaux, de la Corée du Sud au Costa Rica, du Canada à la Tunisie, </em>explique Christophe Deloire<em>. C’est une dynamique forte. Elle permettra de mobiliser les plateformes car le pouvoir dont elles disposent sur le fonctionnement de l’espace public induit de grandes responsabilités.”</em></p> <p> </p> <p>Le texte du partenariat salue le travail engagé par Reporters sans frontières (RSF) pour favoriser la mise en oeuvre du partenariat, à travers la création d’un Forum sur l’information et la démocratie, qui aura pour vocation de proposer des principes sur lesquels la régulation et l’autorégulation puissent être fondés. Il s’agira d’une nouvelle organisation pilotée par la société civile. “<em>La gouvernance du Forum garantira son indépendance, une condition pour mettre toutes les parties prenantes autour d’une même table, notamment les Etats, les plateformes et les médias, pour favoriser la régulation et l’auto-régulation de manière pertinente</em>”, explique Thomas Friang, chef du service plaidoyer de RSF.</p> <p> </p> <p>Ce Forum devrait être inauguré mi-novembre à Paris par une coalition d’organisations indépendantes. </p> <p> </p> <p><em>* Liste des Etats : </em></p> <ul> <li>Afrique du Sud</li> <li>Allemagne*</li> <li>Andorre*</li> <li>Australie</li> <li>Bénin*</li> <li>Bulgarie*</li> <li>Canada</li> <li>Chili*</li> <li>Corée du Sud</li> <li>Costa Rica*</li> <li>Croatie*</li> <li>Danemark*</li> <li>Finlande*</li> <li>France*</li> <li>Inde</li> <li>Italie</li> <li>Lettonie</li> <li>Liban</li> <li>Liechtenstein*</li> <li>Lituanie*</li> <li>Malte*</li> <li>Monténégro*</li> <li>Norvège*</li> <li>Pays-Bas</li> <li>République tchèque*</li> <li>Sénégal</li> <li>Suède*</li> <li>Espagne</li> <li>Suisse* </li> <li>Tunisie*</li> <li>Royaume-Uni</li> </ul> <p>* Etats ayant signé physiquement le Partenariat lors de l’événement « Alliance pour le multilatéralisme ».</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="le-forum-2913">Le Forum</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Comme indiqué dans la Déclaration, un nouveau cadre de réflexion et d’action est nécessaire pour être à la hauteur des enjeux de l’espace global de l’information et de la communication à l’ère du numérique.</p> <p>Une organisation portée par la société civileLe site du forum<a href="https://informationdemocracy.org/fr/accueil/">ICI</a></p> <p>Aux côtés de partenaires de la société civile et des différentes parties prenantes (Etats, plateformes, médias et acteurs de la société civile), RSF pilote la création d’une nouvelle entité : <strong>le Forum international sur l’information et la démocratie</strong>. </p> <p>La gouvernance de cette nouvelle organisation sera assurée par des organisations de la société civile afin d’assurer son indépendance vis-à-vis des Etats et des plateformes. Son mandat sera le suivant : </p> <ul> <li><strong>Evaluer</strong> les moyens, normes et architectures de l’espace global de l’information et de la communication.</li> <li><strong>Enquêter</strong> sur le respect et l’implémentation des principes du Partenariat par les plateformes.</li> <li><strong>Formuler </strong>des recommandations non-contraignantes aux différentes parties prenantes afin de réguler l’espace global par des normes ou des pratiques vertueuses.</li> <li><strong>Faciliter </strong>l’émergence de solutions d’auto-régulation par et pour les acteurs de l’espace. </li> <li><strong>Soutenir </strong>le journalisme en promouvant des solutions et nouvelles pratiques pour assurer la viabilité des modèles économiques. </li> </ul> <p>Une approche multipartite</p> <p>Les recommandations issues des travaux du Forum seront adressées aux différents stakeholders.</p> <ul> <li><strong>Les Etats</strong> qui rejoignent le Partenariat international sur l’information et la démocratie recevront des recommandations pour une meilleure régulation de l’espace global de l’information et de la communication.</li> <li><strong>Les fournisseurs de services en ligne</strong> recevront des recommandations sur la manière de mettre en oeuvre les régulations ou d’initier des solutions d’auto-régulation basées sur les principes du Partenariat.  </li> <li><strong>Les médias</strong> participeront à l'élaboration des recommandations en apportant leur perspective. Ils apporteront leur expertise pour élaborer des opportunités d’auto-régulations et des moyens innovants de soutien au journalisme.</li> <li><strong>La société civile</strong> au sens large participera aux activités du Forum. Elle aura en particulier pour rôle de commenter les recommandations et leurs mise en oeuvre par les différentes parties prenantes. </li> </ul> <p>L’ensemble des parties prenantes sera rassemblée au cours d’une séance plénière annuelle. Cette rencontre sera l’occasion de rendre public le rapport annuel du Forum et ses principales recommandations. Les différentes parties prenantes pourront également annoncer les mesures prises. </p> <p>Les membres fondateurs</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td><a href="https://www.civicus.org/" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/NEW3.png"></a></td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td><a href="https://digitalrightsfoundation.pk/" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/NEW.png"></a></td> <td> <p> </p> </td> <td><a href="https://www.freepressunlimited.org/en" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/NEW2.png"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://humanrights.berkeley.edu/home" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/HMR_3.png"></a></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="https://www.isdglobal.org/" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/ISD%203.png"></a></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="https://www.observacom.org/" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Logo%20page%20Forum4_6.png"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://www.opengovpartnership.org/" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/OPEN%2012.png"></a></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="https://www.prio.org/" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/Sans%20titre-1_5.png"></a></td> <td> </td> <td><a href="https://rsf.org/en/adam-michnik" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/RSF_5.png"></a></td> </tr> <tr> <td><a href="https://researchictafrica.net/" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/ICT%20AFRICA%20NEW_1.png"></a></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> <p><a href="https://www.cigionline.org/" target="_blank"><img alt src="https://rsf.org/sites/default/files/New%20partenaires_5.png"></a></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="_50-recommandations---pour-mettre-fin-aux-infodemies-2915">Forum sur l’information et la démocratie, « Pour mettre fin aux infodémies » </h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Alors que la propagation d’informations fausses ou manipulées en ligne n’a cessé de croître pendant l’épidémie de Covid-19, le Forum sur l’information et la démocratie publie son rapport « Pour mettre fin aux infodémies ». A partir d’une centaine  de contributions d’experts internationaux, il met sur la table 250 recommandations pour endiguer un phénomène qui met en péril les démocraties et les droits humains, y compris le droit à la santé. </p> <p> </p> <p>Le <a href="https://informationdemocracy.org/fr/accueil/">Forum sur l’information et la démocratie</a>, créé en 2019 par onze organisations et centres de Lire le rapport<a href="https://informationdemocracy.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/ForumID_Report-on-infodemics_101120.pdf">ICI</a>recherches, avait lancé en juin dernier un <a href="https://informationdemocracy.org/fr/groupes-de-travail/solutions-concretes-contre-linfodemie/">groupe de travail sur les infodémies</a>. L’objectif était de formuler un “cadre de régulation” des plateformes et des réseaux sociaux permettant de répondre au chaos informationnel. Après cinq mois de travail, ce groupe, dont le comité de pilotage est co-présidé par Maria Ressa et Marietje Schaake, publie un <a href="https://informationdemocracy.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/ForumID_Report-on-infodemics_101120.pdf" target="_blank">rapport complet</a>, incluant 250 recommandations aux États et aux plateformes numériques. </p> <p>Le rapport, rédigé par une équipe de rapporteurs sous la responsabilité de Delphine Halgand-Mishra, soulève quatre enjeux structurels et propose des solutions concrètes pour chacun d’entre eux :  </p> <ul> <li>la transparence des plateformes,</li> <li>la modération des contenus, </li> <li>la promotion de la fiabilité de l’information,</li> <li>les messageries privées  </li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>De nombreux États de l’Alliance pour le multilatéralisme ont <a href="https://informationdemocracy.org/fr/2020/06/29/le-soutien-de-lalliance-pour-le-multilateralisme-au-groupe-de-travail-sur-les-infodemies/">apporté leur soutien</a> lorsque le président du Forum, Christophe Deloire, a présenté le groupe de travail lors d’une réunion de l’Alliance le 26 juin 2020, devant près de 50 ministres des Affaires étrangères et en présence du directeur général de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), M. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus et de la directrice générale de l’UNESCO, Mme Audrey Azoulay.</p> <p> Le 12 novembre 2020, lors d’une nouvelle réunion de l’Alliance organisée dans le cadre du Forum de Paris pour la Paix, Christophe Deloire devait présenter le rapport du Forum sur l’information et la démocratie et les principales recommandations aux ministres des Affaires étrangères. </p> <p><em>“Ce rapport est la preuve qu’une solution structurelle est possible pour mettre un terme au chaos informationnel qui représente un danger de mort pour nos démocraties, explique Christophe Deloire. Toutes les institutions qui prennent des initiatives législatives sur les plateformes ont intérêt à s’inspirer de ce rapport, qu’il s’agisse de l’Inde avec la Section 79, des États-Unis avec la Section 230, du Canada avec la Charte du numérique, du Royaume-Uni avec le Online Harms Bill, et naturellement de l’Union européenne avec le Digital Services Act.”</em></p> <p> </p> <p><em>"Ce fut un honneur de travailler avec des experts de nombreuses disciplines - nous avons exactement besoin de cela aujourd'hui,</em> déclare Maria Ressa, co-présidente du groupe de travail sur les infodémies<em>. Ces temps montrent plus que jamais que l'information est synonyme de pouvoir, et lorsque les mensonges se répandent plus vite que les faits, toute entreprise humaine est menacée. Nous vivons un moment existentiel pour la démocratie et le journalisme. Ce rapport constitue un pas en avant concret pour trouver des solutions systémiques globales."</em></p> <p> </p> <p><em>“La démocratie est menacée par le manque de confiance et la manipulation pure et simple, qui ont une composante informationnelle, </em>explique Marietje Schaake, également co-présidente du comité de pilotage du groupe de travail<em>. La gouvernance de notre monde numérique doit être arrachée aux entreprises privées comme aux États autoritaires pour que la démocratie puisse survivre. Les dirigeants démocratiques doivent prendre leur responsabilité dès maintenant et préserver la démocratie, les droits humains et les libertés fondamentales.”</em> </p> <p> </p> <hr> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>Les 12 principales recommandations du groupe de travail</p> <h2>Une réglementation publique est nécessaire pour imposer des exigences de transparence aux fournisseurs de services en ligne.</h2> <ol> <li>Les exigences de transparence doivent cibler les fonctions essentielles de toutes les plateformes dans l'écosystème de l'information publique : modération du contenu, classement du contenu, ciblage du contenu et renforcement de l'influence sociale.</li> <li>Les régulateurs chargés de faire respecter les exigences de transparence doivent disposer de solides processus de contrôle et d'audit démocratiques.</li> <li>Les sanctions en cas de non-conformité des plateformes pourraient inclure des amendes importantes, une publicité obligatoire sous forme de bannière, la responsabilité du PDG et des sanctions administratives telles que la fermeture de l'accès au marché d'un pays.</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Un nouveau modèle de méta-régulation en matière de modération de contenu est nécessaire.</strong></h2> <ol> <li>Les plateformes doivent suivre un ensemble de principes des droits humains pour la modération de contenu fondés sur le droit international des droits humains : légalité, nécessité et proportionnalité, légitimité, égalité et non-discrimination.</li> <li>Les plateformes devraient assumer les mêmes types d'obligations en termes de pluralisme que les radiodiffuseurs dans les différentes juridictions où elles opèrent. Un exemple serait la <em>voluntary fairness doctrine</em>.</li> <li>Les plateformes doivent augmenter le nombre de modérateurs et dépenser un pourcentage minimal de leurs revenus pour améliorer la qualité de l'examen du contenu, et en particulier, dans les pays à risque.</li> </ol> <h2><strong>De nouvelles approches de la conception des plateformes doivent être initiées.</strong></h2> <ol> <li>Les normes de sécurité et de qualité de l'architecture numérique et de la construction de logiciel devraient être appliquées par une agence d'application des normes numériques. Le Forum sur l’information et la démocratie pourrait lancer une étude de faisabilité sur le fonctionnement d’une telle agence.</li> <li>Les conflits d'intérêts des plateformes devraient être interdits, afin d'éviter que l'espace d'information et de communication ne soit régi ou influencé par des intérêts commerciaux, politiques ou autres.</li> <li>Un cadre de corégulation pour la promotion des contenus journalistiques d'intérêt public devrait être défini, sur la base de normes d'autorégulation telles que la Journalism Trust Initiative; de la friction doit être ajoutée pour ralentir la propagation du contenu viral potentiellement dangereux.</li> </ol> <h2><strong>Des garanties doivent être établies dans les services de messagerie fermés lorsqu'ils entrent dans une logique d'espace public.</strong></h2> <ol> <li>Des mesures qui limitent la viralité des contenus trompeurs devraient être mises en œuvre par le biais de limitations de certaines fonctionnalités, de fonctionnalités d'acceptation pour recevoir des messages de groupe et de mesures pour lutter contre les messages de masse et les comportements automatisés.</li> <li>Les fournisseurs de services en ligne devraient être tenus de mieux informer les utilisateurs sur l'origine des messages qu'ils reçoivent, notamment en labellisant ceux qui ont été transférés.</li> <li>Les mécanismes de signalement des contenus illégaux par les utilisateurs et les mécanismes de recours pour les utilisateurs interdits d'accès aux services devraient être renforcés.</li> </ol> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p><strong>Les membres du comité de pilotage</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Maria Ressa (co-chair) : </strong>Journaliste, directrice du site d’investigation Rappler aux Philippines. Personnalité de l’année du <em>Time magazine </em>en 2018. Membre de la Commission sur l’information et la démocratie. </li> <li><strong>Marietje Schaake (co-chair) : </strong>Ancienne membre du Parlement européen (2009 – 2019). Directrice <em>International Policy</em> du Cyber Policy Center de l’Université de Stanford et présidente du Cyber Peace Institute.</li> <li><strong>Sinan Aral : </strong>David Austin Professeur de gestion, de marketing, d’informatique et de sciences des données au MIT, directeur de l’initiative du MIT sur l’économie numérique (IDE) et partenaire fondateur de Manifest Capital. Auteur du livre à paraître <em>The Hype Machine</em>.</li> <li><strong>Julia Cagé : </strong>Auteure de livres sur les médias et la démocratie. Professeur d’économie à Sciences Po et co-directrice de l’axe “Evaluation de la Démocratie” du LIEPP. Spécialisée en économie du développement, économie politique et histoire de l’économie.</li> <li><strong>Ronald Deibert : </strong>Professeur de science politique et directeur du Citizen Lab à la Munk School of Global Affairs & Public Policy, Université de Toronto. Co-fondateur et chercheur principal des projets OpenNet Initiative et Information Warfare Monitor.</li> <li><strong>Camille François : </strong>Directrice de l’innovation de Graphika, entreprise spécialisée dans la détection et l’atténuation de la désinformation et de la manipulation des médias. Auparavant chercheuse principale à Jigsaw.</li> <li><strong>Roukaya Kasenally :</strong> Directrice générale de l’African Media Initiative. Professeure associée à l’Université de Maurice. Présidente de l’Electoral Institute for Sustainable Democracy in Africa.</li> <li><strong>David Kaye : </strong>Ancien rapporteur spécial sur la promotion et la protection du droit à la liberté d’opinion et d’expression de l’ONU. Professeur de droit à l’Université de Californie, Irvine, School of Law. </li> <li><strong>Edison Lanza : </strong>Avocat, ancien rapporteur spécial sur la liberté d’expression de la Commission interaméricaine des droits de l’homme. A dirigé et fondé plusieurs organisations non gouvernementales qui défendent le droit à la liberté d’expression.</li> <li><strong>Roger McNamee : </strong>Auteur de <em>Zucked : waking up to the Facebook catastrophe</em>, investisseur en capital-risque technologique. Co-fondateur de Silver Lake Partners et responsable du T. Rowe Price Science and Technology Fund. Ancien investisseur de Facebook.</li> <li><strong>Jun Murai : </strong>Professeur émérite de l’Université de Keio. Co-directeur du Centre de recherche sur la cyber-citoyenneté de l’université de Keio. Fondateur du réseau UNIX du Japon (JUNET) et du projet WIDE. Connu comme le «père d’Internet» au Japon.</li> <li><strong>Peter Pomerantsev : </strong>Journaliste et producteur de télévision. Chercheur principal invité à l’Institute of Global Affairs de la London School of Economics. Chercheur principal à l’Agora Institute de l’Université Johns Hopkins. </li> <li><strong>Julie Posetti : </strong>Directrice monde de la recherche au Centre international des journalistes. Auparavant, chercheur principal et responsable du projet d’innovation en journalisme au Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism.</li> <li><strong>Anya Schiffrin : </strong>Ancienne journaliste, directrice de la spécialisation Technologie, médias et communications à la School of International and Public Affairs de la Columbia University et chargée de cours à la School of International and Public Affairs.</li> <li><strong>Vivian Schiller : </strong>Directrice exécutive du programme Aspen Digital. Ancienne PDG de National Public Radio (Etats-Unis) et fondatrice de la Civil Foundation. Membre du conseil d’administration de Reporters sans frontières (RSF) USA.</li> <li><strong>Wolfgang Schulz : </strong>Directeur de l’Institut Humboldt pour Internet et la société. Chargé de cours dans le domaine de l’information et de la communication à la faculté de droit de l’Université de Hambourg. Membre du directoire de l’Institut Hans-Bredow.</li> <li><strong>Christopher Wylie : </strong><em>Data scientist</em>, lanceur d’alerte de l’affaire Cambridge Analytica. Listé parmi les 100 personnes les plus influentes du <em>TIME magazine</em>. Auteur du livre <em>Mindf*ck: inside Cambridge Analytica’s plot to break the world.</em> </li> </ul> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="contacts-2917">Contacts</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p><strong>Demandes générales </strong>: Camille Grenier, Project Officer (cgrenier(a)rsf.org)</p> <p><strong>Presse</strong>: Pauline Adès-Mével - (padesmevel(a)rsf.org - 07 82 37 23 12)</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper-date"> <div class="field field--name-field-date-publication field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field__item"><span class="prefix">Publié le</span> <time class="date" datetime="2022-04-28T00:00">28.04.2022</time> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </main> <div class="prefooter"> <div class="region region-pre-footer"> <div class="wrapper-pre-footer-bloc block block-rsf-common block-rsf-pre-footer-block" id="block-rsfprefooterblock"> <div><div class="item-list"><ul><li><div class="element_bloc_lien"> <div class="wrapper-content"> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">Dona y colabora</div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-description field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Apoya a RSF para defender y promover una información libre, independiente y fiable en todo el mundo. 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