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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Erotic novel series by E. L. James</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-style:italic;"><i>Fifty Shades</i></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Fifty_Shades_triology_(paperback)_cover.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b2/Fifty_Shades_triology_%28paperback%29_cover.jpg/220px-Fifty_Shades_triology_%28paperback%29_cover.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/b2/Fifty_Shades_triology_%28paperback%29_cover.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="388" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Trilogy pack set</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><hr /><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Grey" title="Fifty Shades of Grey">Fifty Shades of Grey</a></i> (2011)<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Darker" title="Fifty Shades Darker">Fifty Shades Darker</a></i> (2012)<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Freed" title="Fifty Shades Freed">Fifty Shades Freed</a></i> (2012)<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Grey:_Fifty_Shades_of_Grey_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian">Grey</a></i> (2015)<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Darker:_Fifty_Shades_Darker_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian">Darker</a></i> (2017)<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Freed:_Fifty_Shades_Freed_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Freed: Fifty Shades Freed as Told by Christian">Freed</a></i> (2021)<hr /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Author</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/E._L._James" title="E. L. James">E. L. James</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Erotic_romance" class="mw-redirect" title="Erotic romance">Erotic romance</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vintage_Books" title="Vintage Books">Vintage Books</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Published</th><td class="infobox-data">2011–2021</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap">Media type</th><td class="infobox-data">Print (paperback)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Fifty Shades</b></i> is a series of <a href="/wiki/Erotic_novel" class="mw-redirect" title="Erotic novel">erotic novels</a> by British author <a href="/wiki/E._L._James" title="E. L. James">E. L. James</a>, initially a <a href="/wiki/Trilogy" title="Trilogy">trilogy</a> consisting of <i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Grey" title="Fifty Shades of Grey">Fifty Shades of Grey</a></i> (2011), <i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Darker" title="Fifty Shades Darker">Fifty Shades Darker</a></i> (2012) and <i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Freed" title="Fifty Shades Freed">Fifty Shades Freed</a></i> (2012).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The series traces the deepening relationship between college graduate Anastasia Steele and young businessman Christian Grey. Christian introduces Ana to the world of <a href="/wiki/BDSM" title="BDSM">BDSM</a>. </p><p>The author has spoken of her shock at the success of the book: "The explosion of interest has taken me completely by surprise."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James has described the <i>Fifty Shades</i> trilogy as "my <a href="/wiki/Midlife_crisis" title="Midlife crisis">midlife crisis</a>, <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/writ_large" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:writ large">writ large</a>. All my fantasies in there, and that's it."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She did not start to write until January 2009, as she revealed while still active on <a href="/wiki/FanFiction.Net" title="FanFiction.Net">FanFiction.Net</a>: "I started writing in January 2009 after I finished reading the Twilight saga, and I haven't stopped since. I discovered Fan Fiction in August 2009. Since then I have written two fics and plan on doing at least one more. After that ... who knows?"<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2013, sales of the trilogy saw James top the <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span> list of the highest-earning authors<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with earnings of $95 million, which included $5 million for the film rights to <i>Fifty Shades of Grey</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In spite of the success, the books have also been largely panned by critics,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the first entry in particular "being ridiculed by virtually every critic who has read it."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 2015 the series has been expanded with a parallel set of novels "as told by Christian": <i><a href="/wiki/Grey:_Fifty_Shades_of_Grey_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian">Grey</a></i> follows the events of <i>Fifty Shades of Grey</i> but from the perspective of Christian Grey, <i><a href="/wiki/Darker:_Fifty_Shades_Darker_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian">Darker</a></i> (2017) and <i><a href="/wiki/Freed:_Fifty_Shades_Freed_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Freed: Fifty Shades Freed as Told by Christian">Freed</a></i> (2021) do the same for <i>Fifty Shades Darker</i> and <i>Fifty Shades Freed</i>, respectively. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot_overview">Plot overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifty_Shades_(novel_series)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Original trilogy</dt></dl> <ol><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Grey" title="Fifty Shades of Grey">Fifty Shades of Grey</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Darker" title="Fifty Shades Darker">Fifty Shades Darker</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Freed" title="Fifty Shades Freed">Fifty Shades Freed</a></i> (2012)</li></ol> <dl><dt><i>Told by Christian</i> trilogy</dt></dl> <ol><li><i><a href="/wiki/Grey:_Fifty_Shades_of_Grey_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian">Grey</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darker:_Fifty_Shades_Darker_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian">Darker</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Freed:_Fifty_Shades_Freed_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Freed: Fifty Shades Freed as Told by Christian">Freed</a></i> (2021)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_characters">Main characters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifty_Shades_(novel_series)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Main characters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><b>Christian Grey</b>: 27-year-old incredibly successful, wealthy entrepreneur and owner of Grey Enterprises Holdings, Inc. Adoptive son of Carrick Grey and Dr. Grace Trevelyan Grey. Primary love interest and husband of Anastasia Steele.</li> <li><b>Anastasia</b> "<b>Ana</b>" <b>Steele</b>: College graduate, former PA to Jack Hyde now <a href="/wiki/Commissioning_editor" title="Commissioning editor">commissioning editor</a> at Seattle Independent Publishing and primary love interest and wife of Christian Grey.</li> <li><b>Elena Lincoln</b>: Christian's longtime family friend and business partner, sexually abused & seduced Christian as her submissive for 6 years until he was 21. She is described as a tall, elegant, sexy, regal platinum blonde and appears to be in her late 40s.</li> <li><b>Elliot Grey</b>: Son of Carrick Grey and Dr. Grace Trevelyan-Grey, and older brother to Christian and Mia Grey. Love interest of Kate Kavanagh.</li> <li><b>Mia Grey</b>: Daughter of Carrick Grey and Dr. Grace Trevelyan Grey and younger sister of Christian and Elliot.</li> <li><b>Katherine</b> "<b>Kate</b>" <b>Kavanagh</b>: Ana's best friend and roommate. Love interest of Elliot.</li> <li><b>Jack Hyde</b>: Former commissioning editor at Seattle Independent Publishing, sexually harassed Ana.</li> <li><b>Leila Williams</b>: A former submissive of Christian. Tried to shoot Ana.</li> <li><b>Jason Taylor</b>: Christian's most trusted bodyguard/driver and the head of Christian's security team.</li> <li><b>Dr. Grace Trevelyan-Grey</b>: Christian's adoptive mother.</li> <li><b>Carrick Grey</b>: Christian's adoptive father.</li> <li><b>Carla May Wilks</b>: Ana's mother.</li> <li><b>José Rodriguez</b>: A close college friend of Ana Steele and Kate Kavanagh. Works as a photographer. In love with Ana.</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Critical_reception">Critical reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifty_Shades_(novel_series)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Critical reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Salman_Rushdie" title="Salman Rushdie">Salman Rushdie</a> said about the book: "I've never read anything so badly written that got published. It made <i><a href="/wiki/Twilight_(novel_series)" title="Twilight (novel series)">Twilight</a></i> look like <i><a href="/wiki/War_and_Peace" title="War and Peace">War and Peace</a></i>."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Maureen_Dowd" title="Maureen Dowd">Maureen Dowd</a> described the book in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> as being written "like a <a href="/wiki/Bront%C3%AB_family" title="Brontë family">Brontë</a> devoid of talent", and said it was "dull and poorly written".<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jesse Kornbluth of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a></i> said: "As a reading experience, <i>Fifty Shades</i> ... is a sad joke, puny of plot".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton</a> professor April Alliston wrote, "Though no literary masterpiece, <i>Fifty Shades</i> is more than parasitic fan fiction based on the recent <i>Twilight</i> vampire series."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a></i> writer Lisa Schwarzbaum gave the book a "B+" rating and praised it for being "in a class by itself".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> British author <a href="/wiki/Jenny_Colgan" title="Jenny Colgan">Jenny Colgan</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> wrote "It is jolly, eminently readable and as sweet and safe as BDSM (bondage, discipline, sadism and masochism) erotica can be without contravening the <a href="/wiki/Trade_Descriptions_Act_1968" title="Trade Descriptions Act 1968">trade descriptions act</a>" and also praised the book for being "more enjoyable" than other "literary erotic books".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Telegraph</a></i> criticized the book as "treacly cliché" but also wrote that the sexual politics in <i>Fifty Shades of Grey</i> will have female readers "discussing it for years to come".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A reviewer for the <i><a href="/wiki/Ledger-Enquirer" title="Ledger-Enquirer">Ledger-Enquirer</a></i> described the book as guilty fun and escapism, but that it "also touches on one aspect of female existence [female submission]. And acknowledging that fact – maybe even appreciating it – shouldn't be a cause for guilt."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Zealand_Herald" title="The New Zealand Herald">The New Zealand Herald</a></i> stated that the book "will win no prizes for its prose" and that "there are some exceedingly awful descriptions", but it was also an easy read; "(If you only) can suspend your disbelief and your desire to – if you'll pardon the expression – slap the heroine for having so little self respect, you might enjoy it."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Columbus_Dispatch" title="The Columbus Dispatch">The Columbus Dispatch</a></i> stated that, "Despite the clunky prose, James does cause one to turn the page."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Metro News Canada</i> wrote that "suffering through 500 pages of this heroine's inner dialogue was torturous, and not in the intended, sexy kind of way".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jessica Reaves, of the <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>, wrote that the "book's source material isn't great literature", noting that the novel is "sprinkled liberally and repeatedly with asinine phrases", and described it as "depressing".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The book garnered some accolades. In December 2012, it won both "Popular Fiction" and "Book of the Year" categories in the UK <a href="/wiki/Specsavers_National_Book_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Specsavers National Book Awards">National Book Awards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-flood2012_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flood2012-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that same month, <i><a href="/wiki/Publishers_Weekly" title="Publishers Weekly">Publishers Weekly</a></i> named E. L. James the 'Publishing Person of the Year', causing an "outcry from the literary world". For example, "What was <i>Publishers Weekly</i> thinking?" asked <i>Los Angeles Times</i> writer Carolyn Kellogg, while a <i>New York Daily News</i> headline read, "Civilization ends: E.L. James named Publishers Weekly's 'Person of the Year'."<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Depiction_of_BDSM">Depiction of BDSM</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifty_Shades_(novel_series)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Depiction of BDSM"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Fifty Shades</i> trilogy has also attracted criticism due to its depictions of <a href="/wiki/BDSM" title="BDSM">BDSM</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Katie_Roiphe" title="Katie Roiphe">Katie Roiphe</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek">Newsweek</a></i> asking "But why, for women especially, would free will be a burden? ... It may be that power is not always that comfortable, even for those of us who grew up in it; it may be that equality is something we want only sometimes and in some places and in some arenas; it may be that power and all of its imperatives can be boring."<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Zap2it" title="Zap2it">Zap2it</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> Andrea Reiher expressed frustration at Roiphe's depiction of the series, stating that "[b]eing submissive sexually is not tantamount to being the victim of abuse" or that they're "giving up their power or their equality with their partner".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other sites such as <a href="/wiki/Jezebel_(website)" title="Jezebel (website)">Jezebel</a> have responded to the article, with Jezebel listing reasons for <i>Fifty Shades of Grey</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> popularity, stating that "the vast majority of fans fawn over the emotional relationship Anastasia and Christian have, not about the sex."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In an interview with <i><a href="/wiki/Salon_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Salon (website)">Salon</a></i>, several dominatrices have responded that while submission can be an escape from daily stresses, they also frequently have male clients and that trust is a big factor in dominant/submissive relationships.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One interviewed former <a href="/wiki/Dominatrix" title="Dominatrix">dominatrix</a> and author, <a href="/wiki/Melissa_Febos" title="Melissa Febos">Melissa Febos</a>, stated that even if the book's popularity was a result of women's "current anxieties about equality" that it "doesn't mean that it's 'evidence of unhappiness, or an invalidation of feminism,' ...it might actually be a sign of progress that millions of women are so hungrily pursuing sexual fantasies independent of men."<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Writing in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a></i>, critic Soraya Chemaly argued that interest in the series was not a trend, but squarely within the tradition and success of the romance category which is driven by tales of virgins, damaged men and submission/dominance themes. Instead, she wrote, the books are notable not for transgressive sex but for how women are using technology to subvert gendered shame by exploring explicit sexual content privately using e-readers. Instead of submission fantasies representing a post-feminist discomfort with power and free will, women's open consumption, sharing and discussion of sexual content is a feminist success.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of the media hype, <a href="/wiki/Dr._Drew" class="mw-redirect" title="Dr. Drew">Dr. Drew</a> and sexologist Logan Levkoff discussed the book on <i><a href="/wiki/Today_(U.S._TV_program)" class="mw-redirect" title="Today (U.S. TV program)">The Today Show</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> about whether <i>Fifty Shades</i> perpetuated <a href="/wiki/Violence_against_women" title="Violence against women">violence against women</a>; Levkoff said that while that is an important subject, this trilogy had nothing to do with it – this was a book about a consensual relationship. Dr. Drew commented that the book was "horribly written" in addition to being "disturbing" but stated that "if the book enhances women's real-life sex lives and intimacy, so be it."<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amy Bonomi, a Human Development and Family Studies professor argues that the relationship portrayed is non-consensual: "Unable to bear the thought of being alone, Christian employs strategies to "trap" Anastasia, including keeping his violent tendencies private, limiting Anastasia's availability of help and support from her friends and family through his nondisclosure agreement and through verbal and nonverbal intimidation, and attempts to convince Anastasia that she finds his punishments pleasurable" <sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Censorship_or_removal_of_books">Censorship or removal of books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifty_Shades_(novel_series)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Censorship or removal of books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 2012, branches of the public library in <a href="/wiki/Brevard_County,_Florida" title="Brevard County, Florida">Brevard County, Florida</a>, removed copies of <i>Fifty Shades of Grey</i> from their shelves, with an official stating that it did not meet the selection criteria for the library and that reviews for the book had been poor. A representative for the library stated that it was due to the book's sexual content and that other libraries had declined to purchase copies for their branches.<sup id="cite_ref-LJBan_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LJBan-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Deborah_Caldwell-Stone" title="Deborah Caldwell-Stone">Deborah Caldwell-Stone</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a> commented that "If the only reason you don't select a book is that you disapprove of its content, but there is demand for it, there's a question of whether you're being fair. In a public library there is usually very little that would prevent a book from being on the shelf if there is a demand for the information."<sup id="cite_ref-LJBan_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LJBan-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brevard County public libraries later made their copies available to their patrons due to public demand.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Maca%C3%A9" title="Macaé">Macaé</a>, Brazil, Judge Raphael Queiroz Campos ruled in January 2013 that bookstores throughout the city must either remove the series entirely from their shelves or ensure that the books are wrapped and placed out of the reach of minors.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The judge stated that he was prompted to make such an order after seeing children reading them,<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> basing his decision on a law stating that "magazines and publications whose content is improper or inadequate for children and adolescents can only be sold if sealed and with warnings regarding their content".<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Film_adaptations">Film adaptations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifty_Shades_(novel_series)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Film adaptations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_(film_series)" title="Fifty Shades (film series)"><i>Fifty Shades</i> (film series)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Grey_(film)" title="Fifty Shades of Grey (film)"><i>Fifty Shades of Grey</i> (film)</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Darker_(film)" title="Fifty Shades Darker (film)"><i>Fifty Shades Darker</i> (film)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Freed_(film)" title="Fifty Shades Freed (film)"><i>Fifty Shades Freed</i> (film)</a></div> <p>A film adaptation of the book was produced by <a href="/wiki/Focus_Features" title="Focus Features">Focus Features</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Michael_De_Luca" title="Michael De Luca">Michael De Luca Productions</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Trigger_Street_Productions" title="Trigger Street Productions">Trigger Street Productions</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <a href="/wiki/Universal_Pictures" title="Universal Pictures">Universal Pictures</a> and <a href="/wiki/Focus_Features" title="Focus Features">Focus Features</a> securing the rights to the trilogy in March 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Universal is also the film's distributor. <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Hunnam" title="Charlie Hunnam">Charlie Hunnam</a> was originally cast in the role of Christian Grey alongside <a href="/wiki/Dakota_Johnson" title="Dakota Johnson">Dakota Johnson</a> in the role of Anastasia Steele,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but Hunnam gave up the part in October 2013,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Dornan" title="Jamie Dornan">Jamie Dornan</a> announced for the role on 23 October.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The film was released on 13 February 2015, and became an immediate success, making it to #1 at the box office with $558.5 million. However, critical reactions were generally negative.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the first film premiered at a special fan screening in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> on 6 February 2015, director <a href="/wiki/Sam_Taylor-Johnson" title="Sam Taylor-Johnson">Sam Taylor-Johnson</a> confirmed two sequels to be succeeded after the first film, with <i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Darker_(film)" title="Fifty Shades Darker (film)">Fifty Shades Darker</a></i> releasing on 10 February 2017 and <i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Freed_(film)" title="Fifty Shades Freed (film)">Fifty Shades Freed</a></i> releasing on 9 February 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifty_Shades_(novel_series)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Fifty_Shades_(franchise)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Fifty Shades (franchise)">Fifty Shades (franchise)</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BDSM_in_culture_and_media" title="BDSM in culture and media">BDSM in culture and media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadism_and_masochism_in_fiction" title="Sadism and masochism in fiction">Sadism and masochism in fiction</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Secretary_(2002_film)" title="Secretary (2002 film)">Secretary</a></i> (2002)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifty_Shades_(novel_series)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFUpstone2016" class="citation journal cs1">Upstone, Sara (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muse.jhu.edu/article/625087">"Beyond the bedroom: motherhood in E. L. James's <i>Fifty Shades of Grey</i> Trilogy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Frontiers:_A_Journal_of_Women_Studies" title="Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies">Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies</a></i>. <b>37</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">138–</span>164. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5250%2Ffronjwomestud.37.2.0138">10.5250/fronjwomestud.37.2.0138</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5250/fronjwomestud.37.2.0138">10.5250/fronjwomestud.37.2.0138</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146280020">146280020</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers%3A+A+Journal+of+Women+Studies&rft.atitle=Beyond+the+bedroom%3A+motherhood+in+E.+L.+James%27s+Fifty+Shades+of+Grey+Trilogy&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E138-%3C%2Fspan%3E164&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146280020%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.5250%2Ffronjwomestud.37.2.0138%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5250%2Ffronjwomestud.37.2.0138&rft.aulast=Upstone&rft.aufirst=Sara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuse.jhu.edu%2Farticle%2F625087&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFifty+Shades+%28novel+series%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifty_Shades_(novel_series)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJulie_Bosman2012" class="citation news cs1">Julie Bosman (21 May 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/22/books/fifty-shades-of-grey-by-e-l-james-in-demand-at-libraries.html?pagewanted=all">"Libraries Debate Stocking 'Fifty Shades of Grey' Trilogy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Libraries+Debate+Stocking+%27Fifty+Shades+of+Grey%27+Trilogy&rft.date=2012-05-21&rft.au=Julie+Bosman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2012%2F05%2F22%2Fbooks%2Ffifty-shades-of-grey-by-e-l-james-in-demand-at-libraries.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFifty+Shades+%28novel+series%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120330212825/http://entertainment.time.com/2012/03/29/the-shy-british-mum-behind-50-shades-of-grey/">"The Shy British Mum Behind 50 Shades of Grey"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i>. 29 March 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://entertainment.time.com/2012/03/29/the-shy-british-mum-behind-50-shades-of-grey/">the original</a> on 30 March 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=The+Shy+British+Mum+Behind+50+Shades+of+Grey&rft.date=2012-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fentertainment.time.com%2F2012%2F03%2F29%2Fthe-shy-british-mum-behind-50-shades-of-grey%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFifty+Shades+%28novel+series%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shropshirestar.com/news/2012/07/16/fifty-shades-of-grey-author-e-l-james-exclusive-interview/">"Fifty Shades of Grey author E L James – Exclusive interview"</a>. <i>Shropshire Star</i>. 16 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Shropshire+Star&rft.atitle=Fifty+Shades+of+Grey+author+E+L+James+%E2%80%93+Exclusive+interview&rft.date=2012-07-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shropshirestar.com%2Fnews%2F2012%2F07%2F16%2Ffifty-shades-of-grey-author-e-l-james-exclusive-interview%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFifty+Shades+%28novel+series%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120420041235/http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/47066520/ns/today-books">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Fifty Shades' author 'stunned' at success of erotic trilogy"</a>. Today MSNBC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/47066520/ns/today-books">the original</a> on 20 April 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Fifty+Shades%27+author+%27stunned%27+at+success+of+erotic+trilogy&rft.pub=Today+MSNBC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftoday.msnbc.msn.com%2Fid%2F47066520%2Fns%2Ftoday-books&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFifty+Shades+%28novel+series%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140727045638/http://www.mediabistro.com/galleycat/fifty-shades-of-grey-wayback-machine_b49124">"The Lost History of Fifty Shades of Grey"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mediabistro.com/galleycat/fifty-shades-of-grey-wayback-machine_b49124">the original</a> on 27 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Lost+History+of+Fifty+Shades+of+Grey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediabistro.com%2Fgalleycat%2Ffifty-shades-of-grey-wayback-machine_b49124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFifty+Shades+%28novel+series%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714213248/http://www.themoviefiftyshades.com/e-l-james-earns-over-33m-in-one-year-for-fifty-shades-and-seals-a-spot-on-list-of-britains-richest-author//">"E.L. James Seals A Spot On List of Britain's Richest Authors"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lia" title="Lia">Lia</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.themoviefiftyshades.com/e-l-james-earns-over-33m-in-one-year-for-fifty-shades-and-seals-a-spot-on-list-of-britains-richest-author//">the original</a> on 14 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=E.L.+James+Seals+A+Spot+On+List+of+Britain%27s+Richest+Authors&rft.pub=Lia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.themoviefiftyshades.com%2Fe-l-james-earns-over-33m-in-one-year-for-fifty-shades-and-seals-a-spot-on-list-of-britains-richest-author%2F%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFifty+Shades+%28novel+series%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-23681220">"Fifty Shades makes EL James top-earning author"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 13 August 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2017</span>. <q>The books were critically savaged hot messes that sold over 100 million copies for the sex.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=First+%27Fifty+Shades+Darker%27+trailer+filled+with+lots+of+plot%2C+little+kissing&rft.date=2016-09-13&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Libby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmovies%2Fla-et-mn-fifty-shades-darker-trailer-20160913-snap-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFifty+Shades+%28novel+series%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLyall2015" class="citation news cs1">Lyall, Sarah (11 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/15/movies/fifty-shades-of-grey-the-movie-as-a-fairy-tale.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Fifty Shades of Grey,' the Movie, as a Fairy Tale"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.zap2it.com/pop2it/2012/04/katie-roiphes-fifty-shades-of-grey-diatribe-misses-several-points.html">the original</a> on 17 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Jamie+Dornan+Will+Play+Christian+Grey+in+%27Fifty+Shades+of+Grey%27&rft.date=2013-10-23&rft.aulast=Kroll&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvariety.com%2F2013%2Ffilm%2Fnews%2Fjaimie-dornan-christian-grey-fifty-shades-of-grey-1200748632%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFifty+Shades+%28novel+series%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metacritic.com/movie/fifty-shades-of-grey">"Fifty Shades of Grey Reviews"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Metacritic" title="Metacritic">Metacritic</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/CBS_Interactive" class="mw-redirect" title="CBS Interactive">CBS Interactive</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Business+Times&rft.atitle=%27Fifty+Shades+of+Grey%27+Sequels+Confirmed%3B+Fans+React+to+%27Fifty+Shades+Darker%27+and+%27Fifty+Shades+Freed%27+Movie+Announcement&rft.date=2015-02-06&rft.aulast=Schumann&rft.aufirst=Rebecka&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibtimes.com%2Ffifty-shades-grey-sequels-confirmed-fans-react-fifty-shades-darker-fifty-shades-freed-1807934&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFifty+Shades+%28novel+series%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fifty_Shades_(novel_series)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eljamesauthor.com/books/fifty-shades-of-grey">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fifty_Shades_by_E._L._James143" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fifty_Shades_of_Grey" title="Template:Fifty Shades of Grey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fifty_Shades_of_Grey" title="Template talk:Fifty Shades of Grey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fifty_Shades_of_Grey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fifty Shades of Grey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fifty_Shades_by_E._L._James143" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades" title="Fifty Shades">Fifty Shades</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/E._L._James" title="E. L. James">E. L. James</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Novels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Original trilogy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Grey" title="Fifty Shades of Grey">Fifty Shades of Grey</a></i> (2011)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Darker" title="Fifty Shades Darker">Fifty Shades Darker</a></i> (2012)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Freed" title="Fifty Shades Freed">Fifty Shades Freed</a></i> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retold</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Grey:_Fifty_Shades_of_Grey_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian">Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darker:_Fifty_Shades_Darker_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian">Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Freed:_Fifty_Shades_Freed_as_Told_by_Christian" title="Freed: Fifty Shades Freed as Told by Christian">Freed: Fifty Shades Freed as Told by Christian</a></i> (2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_(film_series)" title="Fifty Shades (film series)">Film series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Grey_(film)" title="Fifty Shades of Grey (film)">Fifty Shades of Grey</a></i> (2015)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Darker_(film)" title="Fifty Shades Darker (film)">Fifty Shades Darker</a></i> (2017)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Freed_(film)" title="Fifty Shades Freed (film)">Fifty Shades Freed</a></i> (2018)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Grey_(soundtrack)" title="Fifty Shades of Grey (soundtrack)">Fifty Shades of Grey</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Earned_It" title="Earned It">Earned It</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Love_Me_like_You_Do" title="Love Me like You Do">Love Me like You Do</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Know_You_(Skylar_Grey_song)" title="I Know You (Skylar Grey song)">I Know You</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Darker:_Original_Motion_Picture_Soundtrack" title="Fifty Shades Darker: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack">Fifty Shades Darker</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Don%27t_Wanna_Live_Forever" title="I Don't Wanna Live Forever">I Don't Wanna Live Forever</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Not_Afraid_Anymore" title="Not Afraid Anymore">Not Afraid Anymore</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Helium_(Sia_song)" title="Helium (Sia song)">Helium</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_Freed:_Original_Motion_Picture_Soundtrack" class="mw-redirect" title="Fifty Shades Freed: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack">Fifty Shades Freed</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/For_You_(Liam_Payne_and_Rita_Ora_song)" title="For You (Liam Payne and Rita Ora song)">For You</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Capital_Letters_(song)" title="Capital Letters (song)">Capital Letters</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Heaven_(Julia_Michaels_song)" title="Heaven (Julia Michaels song)">Heaven</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Spank!_The_Fifty_Shades_Parody" title="Spank! The Fifty Shades Parody">Spank! The Fifty Shades Parody</a></i> (2012 musical)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Oy_Vey:_A_Parody" title="Fifty Shades of Oy Vey: A Parody">Fifty Shades of Oy Vey: A Parody</a></i> (2013 novel)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades_of_Black" title="Fifty Shades of Black">Fifty Shades of Black</a></i> (2016 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Book_Club_(film)" title="Book Club (film)">Book Club</a></i> (2018 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Twilight_Saga_by_Stephenie_Meyer375" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Twilight" title="Template:Twilight"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Twilight" title="Template talk:Twilight"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Twilight" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Twilight"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Twilight_Saga_by_Stephenie_Meyer375" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Twilight_(novel_series)" title="Twilight (novel series)">The Twilight Saga</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Stephenie_Meyer" title="Stephenie Meyer">Stephenie Meyer</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Story books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Main novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Twilight_(Meyer_novel)" title="Twilight (Meyer novel)">Twilight</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Moon_(novel)" title="New Moon (novel)">New Moon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eclipse_(Meyer_novel)" title="Eclipse (Meyer novel)">Eclipse</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breaking_Dawn" title="Breaking Dawn">Breaking Dawn</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Twilight:_The_Graphic_Novel" title="Twilight: The Graphic Novel">Twilight: The Graphic Novel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Moon:_The_Graphic_Novel" title="New Moon: The Graphic Novel">New Moon: The Graphic Novel</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Companions<br />and spin-offs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Saga:_The_Official_Illustrated_Guide" title="The Twilight Saga: The Official Illustrated Guide">The Twilight Saga: The Official Illustrated Guide</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Short_Second_Life_of_Bree_Tanner" title="The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner">The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Life_and_Death:_Twilight_Reimagined" title="Life and Death: Twilight Reimagined">Life and Death: Twilight Reimagined</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Sun_(Meyer_novel)" title="Midnight Sun (Meyer novel)">Midnight Sun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Twilight:_Director%27s_Notebook" title="Twilight: Director's Notebook">Twilight: Director's Notebook</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Saga_(film_series)" title="The Twilight Saga (film series)">Film series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Feature films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Twilight_(2008_film)" title="Twilight (2008 film)">Twilight</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twilight_(soundtrack)" title="Twilight (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Saga:_New_Moon" title="The Twilight Saga: New Moon">New Moon</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Saga:_New_Moon_(soundtrack)" title="The Twilight Saga: New Moon (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Saga:_Eclipse" title="The Twilight Saga: Eclipse">Eclipse</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Saga:_Eclipse_(soundtrack)" title="The Twilight Saga: Eclipse (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Saga:_Breaking_Dawn_%E2%80%93_Part_1" title="The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1">Breaking Dawn: Part 1</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Saga:_Breaking_Dawn_%E2%80%93_Part_1_(soundtrack)" title="The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1 (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Saga:_Breaking_Dawn_%E2%80%93_Part_2" title="The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2">Breaking Dawn: Part 2</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Twilight_Saga:_Breaking_Dawn_%E2%80%93_Part_2_(soundtrack)" title="The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2 (soundtrack)">soundtrack</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/The_Storytellers:_New_Voices_of_the_Twilight_Saga" title="The Storytellers: New Voices of the Twilight Saga">Short films</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Mary_Alice_Brandon_File" title="The Mary Alice Brandon File">The Mary Alice Brandon File</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Twilight_cast_members" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Twilight cast members">Cast</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Twilight_characters" title="List of Twilight characters">characters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bella_Swan" title="Bella Swan">Bella Swan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Cullen" title="Edward Cullen">Edward Cullen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Black" title="Jacob Black">Jacob Black</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Decode_(song)" title="Decode (song)">Decode</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Spotlight_(Mutemath_song)" title="Spotlight (Mutemath song)">Spotlight</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Meet_Me_on_the_Equinox" title="Meet Me on the Equinox">Meet Me on the Equinox</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Possibility_(song)" title="Possibility (song)">Possibility</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Neutron_Star_Collision_(Love_Is_Forever)" title="Neutron Star Collision (Love Is Forever)">Neutron Star Collision (Love Is Forever)</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Heavy_in_Your_Arms" title="Heavy in Your Arms">Heavy in Your Arms</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/It_Will_Rain" title="It Will Rain">It Will Rain</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Thousand_Years_(Christina_Perri_song)" title="A Thousand Years (Christina Perri song)">A Thousand Years</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Forgotten_(Green_Day_song)" title="The Forgotten (Green Day song)">The Forgotten</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twilight_fandom" title="Twilight fandom"><i>Twilight</i> fandom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TwiCon" title="TwiCon">TwiCon</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scene_It%3F_Twilight" title="Scene It? Twilight">Scene It? Twilight</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Renesmee_(given_name)" title="Renesmee (given name)">Renesmee (given name)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vampires_Suck" title="Vampires Suck">Vampires Suck</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breaking_Wind" title="Breaking Wind">Breaking Wind</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fifty_Shades" title="Fifty Shades">Fifty Shades</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gabriel%27s_Inferno" title="Gabriel's Inferno">Gabriel's Inferno</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beautiful_Bastard" title="Beautiful Bastard">Beautiful Bastard</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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