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(PDF) Ejtőernyős ugróruházat. II. rész

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II. rész</div></div><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Ejtőernyős ugróruházat. II. rész</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="259349993" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZsoltReszegi"><img alt="Profile image of Zsolt Reszegi" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/259349993/111507503/100763534/s65_zsolt.reszegi.jpeg" />Zsolt Reszegi</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2017, Haditechnika</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 101389779; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&amp;work_ids%5B%5D=101389779"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Ejtőernyős ugróruházat Fejvédő, kezeslábas és ugrócipő rendszeresítése a magyar királyi honvéd ejtőernyős századnál II. rész 9. ábra. 1939M egybeszabott ugróruha szőrmebéléssel (HL I. 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A meglévő, a hajózó személyzet által használt fejvédő, valamint kezeslábas módosításával gyártották le az 1939M (nyári) ugró fejvédőt, valamint az 1939M egybeszabott ugróruhát. Utóbbi kivehető báránybőr béléssel rendelkezett, ezáltal télen, hidegebb időben is lehetővé vált az ugrások végrehajtása. 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A német és a magyar ejtőernyős ugrókiképzés összehasonlítása a német ejtőernyős-kiképzési szabályzat ismertetésével</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="259349993" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZsoltReszegi">Zsolt Reszegi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Honvédségi Szemle, 2021</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A német ejtőernyős-alakulatok komoly sikereket értek el a második világháború korai szakaszában, ezzel ösztönözve más államok hadvezetését is saját légi szállítású erőik gyors felállítására. Közéjük tartozott a Magyar Királyi Honvédség vezérkara is, amely túlnyomórészt sikertelenül próbálkozott a német módszerek megismerésével és meghonosításával, így a hazai katonai ejtőernyőzés kényszerűségből alapvetően saját tapasztalatokra hagyatkozva fejlődött. Jelen írás az 1940-ben kiadott német ejtőernyős-kiképzési szabályzatot ismerteti, és ennek egyes elemeit az akkori magyar módszerekkel veti össze.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Ejtőernyős lövészek és honvéd ejtőernyősök. 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Az 1. felderítő zászlóalj páncélgépkocsi-századának 39M Csaba páncélgépkocsija és civilek magyar zászlóval a délvidéki hadművelet során, 1941. áprilisa 9. ábra. Az 1. felderítő zászlóalj egyik Csaba páncélgépkocsiszakasza indulásra készen. A virágcsokor az első járművön, nem volt tipikus ebben a hadműveletben</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Magyar páncélosok alkalmazása a II. világháborúban II. rész&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:67506117,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/49112610/Magyar_p%C3%A1nc%C3%A9losok_alkalmaz%C3%A1sa_a_II_vil%C3%A1gh%C3%A1bor%C3%BAban_II_r%C3%A9sz&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49112610/Magyar_p%C3%A1nc%C3%A9losok_alkalmaz%C3%A1sa_a_II_vil%C3%A1gh%C3%A1bor%C3%BAban_II_r%C3%A9sz"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="116328786" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/116328786/G%C3%A1zturbin%C3%A1s_Rep%C3%BCl%C5%91g%C3%A9p_Hajt%C3%B3m%C5%B1vek_Fejleszt%C3%A9si_Ir%C3%A1nyai_3_R%C3%A9sz">Gázturbinás Repülőgép-Hajtóművek Fejlesztési Irányai 3. Rész</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="28741086" href="https://independent.academia.edu/B%C3%A9laVarga2">Béla Varga</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Haditechnika</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A szerző tanulmányában bemutatja a propulziós rendszerek működését, a tolóerő keletkezésének összefüggéseit, ezen belül részletesen foglalkozik a gázturbinás propulziós rendszerek típusaival és szerkezeti kialakításukkal. Tárgyalja a hajtóművek hatásfokát meghatározó tényezőket, a hatásfok növelésével kapcsolatban az azokban rejlő lehetőségeket és korlátokat, valamint a hatásfok és a klímaváltozás jelentősége miatt is fontos szén-dioxid-kibocsátás összefüggéseit. Ismerteti a nemzetközi légiforgalmat érintő, a szén-dioxid-kibocsátás csökkentésére irányuló intézkedéseket, és hogy azok milyen kihívásokat jelentenek a repülőgép-hajtóművek fejlesztése szempontjából. Vizsgálja az alternatív tüzelőanyagok alkalmazásának lehetőségét, valamint azok a hajtómű termikus hatásfokára, és fajlagos hasznos munkájára kifejtett hatását. Foglalkozik a gázturbinás hajtóművek égőtereinek kialakításával, kémiai, termodinamikai és gázdinamikai kérdéseivel, valaminta keletkező égéstermék összetételével.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Gázturbinás Repülőgép-Hajtóművek Fejlesztési Irányai 3. Rész&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:112490619,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/116328786/G%C3%A1zturbin%C3%A1s_Rep%C3%BCl%C5%91g%C3%A9p_Hajt%C3%B3m%C5%B1vek_Fejleszt%C3%A9si_Ir%C3%A1nyai_3_R%C3%A9sz&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/116328786/G%C3%A1zturbin%C3%A1s_Rep%C3%BCl%C5%91g%C3%A9p_Hajt%C3%B3m%C5%B1vek_Fejleszt%C3%A9si_Ir%C3%A1nyai_3_R%C3%A9sz"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="101389794" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/101389794/Honv%C3%A9d_ejt%C5%91erny%C5%91s%C3%B6k_a_fegyvernem_l%C3%A9trehoz%C3%A1sa_%C3%A9s_alkalmaz%C3%A1s_elm%C3%A9lete_1939_ig">Honvéd ejtőernyősök : a fegyvernem létrehozása és alkalmazás-elmélete 1939-ig</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="259349993" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ZsoltReszegi">Zsolt Reszegi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2010</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Hadak útján BELVEDERE M ER ID IO NA LE reSzegi zSolt Honvéd ejtőernyősök A fegyvernem létrehozása és alkalmazás-elmélete 1939-ig A magyar ejtőernyős fegyvernem kialakulásában a második világháború kitörése előtt elsősorban a német példa játszhatott szerepet. Európában Németország és a Szovjetunió haladt az élen a katonai ejtőernyőzés fejlesztésében, noha egymástól teljesen eltérő koncepciót követtek. Ezekről az újdonságokról a hazai szakírók a korszak jelentős katonai szakfolyóirataiban számoltak be, melyek oldalain élénk vita bontakozott ki a fegyvernem létjogosultságával, megvalósíthatóságával kapcsolatban. 1 A cikkek segítségével vizsgálom meg az alkalmazás-elméleti vitákat, majd sorba veszem a kialakulás legfőbb dokumentumait. Először azonban mindenképp érdemes szemügyre venni, hogy miként alakult ki a fegyvernem és a német példa mennyiben hathatott a magyar fejlesztésekre.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Honvéd ejtőernyősök : a fegyvernem létrehozása és alkalmazás-elmélete 1939-ig&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:101944754,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/101389794/Honv%C3%A9d_ejt%C5%91erny%C5%91s%C3%B6k_a_fegyvernem_l%C3%A9trehoz%C3%A1sa_%C3%A9s_alkalmaz%C3%A1s_elm%C3%A9lete_1939_ig&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/101389794/Honv%C3%A9d_ejt%C5%91erny%C5%91s%C3%B6k_a_fegyvernem_l%C3%A9trehoz%C3%A1sa_%C3%A9s_alkalmaz%C3%A1s_elm%C3%A9lete_1939_ig"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="49112608" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49112608/A_2_p%C3%A1nc%C3%A9loshadoszt%C3%A1ly_hadm%C5%B1veletei_Gal%C3%ADci%C3%A1ban_1944_ben_II_r%C3%A9sz">A 2. páncéloshadosztály hadműveletei Galíciában, 1944-ben II. rész</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66057948" href="https://independent.academia.edu/P%C3%A9terMujzer">Péter Mujzer</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Haditechnika</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A 2. páncéloshadosztály hadműveletei Galíciában, 1944-ben II. rész 13. ábra. Magyar páncélos katona 43M füstszürke kétrészes páncélos egyenruhában 14. ábra. Az 1. rohamtüzérosztály támadásra készülő Zrínyi II. rohamtarackjai és a támogatásukra kirendelt gyalogság</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;A 2. páncéloshadosztály hadműveletei Galíciában, 1944-ben II. rész&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:67506115,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/49112608/A_2_p%C3%A1nc%C3%A9loshadoszt%C3%A1ly_hadm%C5%B1veletei_Gal%C3%ADci%C3%A1ban_1944_ben_II_r%C3%A9sz&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49112608/A_2_p%C3%A1nc%C3%A9loshadoszt%C3%A1ly_hadm%C5%B1veletei_Gal%C3%ADci%C3%A1ban_1944_ben_II_r%C3%A9sz"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="118198550" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/118198550/T%C3%BCz%C3%A9rfelder%C3%ADt%C3%A9s%C3%BCnk_kezdetei_%C3%A9s_m%C5%B1k%C3%B6d%C3%A9se_a_Nagy_H%C3%A1bor%C3%BAban_2_">Tüzérfelderítésünk kezdetei és működése a Nagy Háborúban (2.)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="253380399" href="https://independent.academia.edu/G%C3%A9zaGuly%C3%A1s">Géza Gulyás</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{&quot;location&quot;:&quot;wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal&quot;,&quot;work_title&quot;:&quot;Tüzérfelderítésünk kezdetei és működése a Nagy Háborúban (2.)&quot;,&quot;attachmentId&quot;:113880973,&quot;attachmentType&quot;:&quot;pdf&quot;,&quot;work_url&quot;:&quot;https://www.academia.edu/118198550/T%C3%BCz%C3%A9rfelder%C3%ADt%C3%A9s%C3%BCnk_kezdetei_%C3%A9s_m%C5%B1k%C3%B6d%C3%A9se_a_Nagy_H%C3%A1bor%C3%BAban_2_&quot;,&quot;alternativeTracking&quot;:true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/118198550/T%C3%BCz%C3%A9rfelder%C3%ADt%C3%A9s%C3%BCnk_kezdetei_%C3%A9s_m%C5%B1k%C3%B6d%C3%A9se_a_Nagy_H%C3%A1bor%C3%BAban_2_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="126634549" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/126634549/Tanul%C3%A1si_zavarok_II">Tanulási zavarok II</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="309623877" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Ildik%C3%B3Pincz%C3%A9sn%C3%A9Pal%C3%A1sthy">Ildikó Pinczésné Palásthy</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2006</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">A komplex tanulási zavarok olyan speciális tanulási nehézségek, teljesítményzavarok, amik az alapkultúrtechnikák elsajátítása során jelentkeznek: ezek a diszlexia, a diszgráfia és a diszkalkulia. A diszlexia olvasási zavar, melynek karakterisztikus jegye, hogy diszkrepancia tapasztalható az intelligenciakor és az olvasási kor között. Az egyébként normál képességű gyermekek olyan mértékben maradnak el olvasás-írás területén társaiktól, hogy az nehezíti iskolai beválásukat, negatívan befolyásolja életiítjukat, csökkenti esélyeiket a társadalmi beilleszkedésre. A klinikai diagnosztikai kritériumok az Amerikai Pszichiátriai Társaság (APA) által összeállított Diagnostical and Statistical Manuel of Mental Disorders negyedik (DSM-IV) változata szerint a következők: a) az olvasási teljesítmény, az olvasás pontosságát vagy a megértést egyénileg, standardizált tesztekkel vizsgálva, lényegesen alatta marad a személy biológiai kora, mért intelligenciája vagy a kor szerinti képzettség alapján elvárhatónak. b) az előbbi zavar jelentősen kihat az iskolai teljesítményre vagy az olvasási jártasságot igénylő mindennapi élettevékenységekre. c) ha érzékelési deficit van jelen, az olvasási nehézségek meghaladják az ahhoz rendszerint társuló zavar mértékét. A diszlexiával kapcsolatos elméleti megközelítések egyrészt a pedagógiai aspektust hangsúlyozzák, azaz a diszlexia fogalmához azokat az olvasási zavarokat sorolják, amelyekkel az iskolai oktatás során találkozunk: 1. Az olvasás és írás terén tapasztalható tünetek (hibás olvasás, lassú tempó, betűtévesztés, szótagtévesztés, göcsörtös vonalvezetésű írás, kialakulatlan konstanciák stb.). 2. A beszéd terén tapasztalható tünetek (rossz hallási és vizuális emlékezet, szegényes és megbízhatatlan szókincs). 3. A magatartás terén megnyilvánuló tünetek (énkép-és motivációs zavarok). (Meixner, 1995). A pszichológiai (lényegesen szűkebb) értelmezés: a diszlexia specifikus és szelektív olvasási zavar. Gervain Judit (2002) kritériumlistája összefoglalja az irodalomban leggyakrabban említett fogalomjegyeket: 1. Átlagos vagy átlagnál magasabb intelligencia. 2. Olvasási nehézség, mely jelenti egyrészt a normálisan olvasó és a diszlexiás gyermekek olvasási szintje közötti különbséget, és/vagy a valós olvasási szint és az általános értelmi képességek alapján kiszámított várható olvasási szint közötti különbséget. 3. 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