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id="toc-Prehistory_and_Classical_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistory_and_Classical_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Prehistory and Classical era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistory_and_Classical_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Portuguese_era_(1769–1975)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Portuguese_era_(1769–1975)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Portuguese era (1769–1975) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Portuguese_era_(1769–1975)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indonesian_occupation_(1975–1999)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indonesian_occupation_(1975–1999)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Indonesian occupation (1975–1999) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indonesian_occupation_(1975–1999)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Contemporary era </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics_and_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics_and_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Politics and government </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics_and_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations_and_military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations_and_military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Foreign relations and military </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations_and_military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Administrative divisions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Fauna </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnicity_and_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnicity_and_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Ethnicity and language </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnicity_and_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Culture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">East Timor</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 233 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-233" aria-hidden="true" > 233 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Timor Leste" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oos-Timor" title="Oos-Timor – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Oos-Timor" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osttimor" title="Osttimor – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Osttimor" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9D%E1%88%A5%E1%88%AB%E1%89%85_%E1%89%B2%E1%88%9E%E1%88%AD" title="ምሥራቅ ቲሞር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ምሥራቅ ቲሞር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuortt%C3%A2-Timor" title="Nuorttâ-Timor – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Nuorttâ-Timor" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="पूर्वी तिमोर – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="पूर्वी तिमोर" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%92asttimor" title="Ēasttimor – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Ēasttimor" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%99%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Мрагыларатәи Тимор – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Мрагыларатәи Тимор" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="تيمور الشرقية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تيمور الشرقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Oriental" title="Timor Oriental – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Timor Oriental" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_levantenc" title="Timor levantenc – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Timor levantenc" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A7%B1_%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A7%B0" title="পূৱ টিমুৰ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পূৱ টিমুৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Oriental" title="Timor Oriental – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Timor Oriental" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuarahyres%E1%BA%BD_Timor" title="Kuarahyresẽ Timor – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kuarahyresẽ Timor" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C9%99rqi_Timor" title="Şərqi Timor – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şərqi Timor" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1" title="شرقی تیمور – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="شرقی تیمور" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_L%C3%A9st%C3%A9" title="Timor Lésté – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Timor Lésté" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0" title="পূর্ব তিমুর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পূর্ব তিমুর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Lorosa%27%C3%A9" title="Timor Lorosa'é – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Timor Lorosa'é" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang_Timor" title="Tang Timor – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tang Timor" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Timor Leste" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%88_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Көнсығыш Тимор – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Көнсығыш Тимор" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Усходні Тымор – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Усходні Тымор" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Усходні Тымор – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Усходні Тымор" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="पूर्ब तिमोर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पूर्ब तिमोर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subangan_na_Timor" title="Subangan na Timor – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Subangan na Timor" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is_Timor" title="Is Timor – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Is Timor" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bislama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Източен Тимор – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Източен Тимор" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osttimor" title="Osttimor – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Osttimor" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8F%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཤར་ཏིམོར། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཤར་ཏིམོར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dni_Timor" title="Istočni Timor – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Istočni Timor" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_ar_Reter" title="Timor ar Reter – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Timor ar Reter" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Зүүн Тимор – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Зүүн Тимор" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Oriental" title="Timor Oriental – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Timor Oriental" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidlakang_Timor" title="Sidlakang Timor – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Sidlakang Timor" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDchodn%C3%AD_Timor" title="Východní Timor – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Východní Timor" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Oriental" title="Timor Oriental – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Timor Oriental" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="East Timor" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="East Timor" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Este" title="Timor Este – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Timor Este" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwyrain_Timor" title="Dwyrain Timor – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dwyrain Timor" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Timor-Leste" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98sttimor" title="Østtimor – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Østtimor" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="تيمور الشرقية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="تيمور الشرقية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuorta-Timor" title="Nuorta-Timor – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Nuorta-Timor" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osttimor" title="Osttimor – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Osttimor" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%83%DE%AA%DE%89%DE%A6%DE%8C%DE%A9_%DE%93%DE%A8%DE%89%DE%AF%DE%83%DE%AA" title="އިރުމަތީ ޓިމޯރު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އިރުމަތީ ޓިމޯރު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B3dzajt%C5%A1ny_Timor" title="Pódzajtšny Timor – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Pódzajtšny Timor" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="पूर्वी टिमोर – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="पूर्वी टिमोर" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ida-Timor" title="Ida-Timor – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ida-Timor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%A4%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%81" title="Ανατολικό Τιμόρ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανατολικό Τιμόρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Чилисемань Тимор Мастор – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Чилисемань Тимор Мастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Oriental" title="Timor Oriental – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Timor Oriental" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orienta_Timoro" title="Orienta Timoro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Orienta Timoro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timol_Oriental" title="Timol Oriental – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Timol Oriental" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekialdeko_Timor" title="Ekialdeko Timor – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ekialdeko Timor" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%DB%8C" title="تیمور شرقی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تیمور شرقی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="East Timor" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eysturtimor" title="Eysturtimor – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Eysturtimor" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_oriental" title="Timor oriental – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Timor oriental" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/East-Timor" title="East-Timor – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="East-Timor" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="East Timor" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%ADom%C3%B3r_Thoir" title="Tíomór Thoir – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tíomór Thoir" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Teemor_Hiar" title="Yn Teemor Hiar – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Teemor Hiar" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCnduusu_Timor" title="Günduusu Timor – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Günduusu Timor" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiomor_an_Ear" title="Tiomor an Ear – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Tiomor an Ear" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Timor Leste" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%82%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B5_%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%B0" title="પૂર્વ તિમોર – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પૂર્વ તિમોર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="उदेंत तिमोर – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="उदेंत तिमोर" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BBng_Timor" title="Tûng Timor – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Tûng Timor" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%99%ED%8B%B0%EB%AA%A8%EB%A5%B4" title="동티모르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="동티모르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Timor-Leste" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Timor-Leste" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%87%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B9%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%80" title="Արևելյան Թիմոր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արևելյան Թիմոր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="पूर्व तिमोर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पूर्व तिमोर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wuchodny_Timor" title="Wuchodny Timor – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wuchodny Timor" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dni_Timor" title="Istočni Timor – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Istočni Timor" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estal_Timor" title="Estal Timor – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Estal Timor" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daya_a_Timor" title="Daya a Timor – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Daya a Timor" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%99_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0" title="মুঙ তিমুর – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মুঙ তিমুর" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Timor Leste" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Oriental" title="Timor Oriental – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Timor Oriental" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ost-Timor" title="Ost-Timor – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Ost-Timor" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%C3%A6%D1%81%C3%A6%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Скæсæн Тимор – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Скæсæн Тимор" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austur-T%C3%ADmor" title="Austur-Tímor – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Austur-Tímor" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Est" title="Timor Est – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Timor Est" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%97_%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A8" title="מזרח טימור – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מזרח טימור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_W%C3%A9tan" title="Timor Wétan – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Timor Wétan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B5_%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8A%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ಪೂರ್ವ ಟೀಮೊರ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪೂರ್ವ ಟೀಮೊರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aslagang_Timor" title="Aslagang Timor – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Aslagang Timor" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="აღმოსავლეთი ტიმორი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აღმოსავლეთი ტიმორი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B2r%C3%ABnk%C3%B2wi_Timor" title="Pòrënkòwi Timor – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Pòrënkòwi Timor" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%81_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Шығыс Тимор – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Шығыс Тимор" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Est" title="Timor Est – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Timor Est" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoro-Lesite" title="Timoro-Lesite – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Timoro-Lesite" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_ya_Mashariki" title="Timor ya Mashariki – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Timor ya Mashariki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Timor-Leste" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%C3%B2_oryantal" title="Timò oryantal – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Timò oryantal" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_oryantal" title="Timor oryantal – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Timor oryantal" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%AEmora_Rojhilat" title="Tîmora Rojhilat – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tîmora Rojhilat" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%88_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Чыгыш Тимор – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Чыгыш Тимор" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_de_l%27Est" title="Timor de l'Est – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Timor de l'Est" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Oryentala" title="Timor Oryentala – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Timor Oryentala" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladino</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%A1%E0%BB%8D%E0%BB%81%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%95" title="ປະເທດຕີມໍແລັດສະເຕ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ປະເທດຕີມໍແລັດສະເຕ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target">ລາວ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timora_Orientalis" title="Timora Orientalis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Timora Orientalis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrumtimora" title="Austrumtimora – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Austrumtimora" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Timor-Leste" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryt%C5%B3_Timoras" title="Rytų Timoras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rytų Timoras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Timor Leste" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target">Li Niha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Timor Leste" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oos-Timor" title="Oos-Timor – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Oos-Timor" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_ya_mony%C9%9Bl%C9%9B" title="Timor ya monyɛlɛ – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Timor ya monyɛlɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Este" title="Timor Este – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Timor Este" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4iv%C3%A4nnouzu_Timor" title="Päivännouzu Timor – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Päivännouzu Timor" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Est" title="Timor Est – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Timor Est" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelet-Timor" title="Kelet-Timor – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kelet-Timor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="पूर्वी टिमोर – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="पूर्वी टिमोर" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Источен Тимор – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Источен Тимор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%C3%B4ro_Atsinanana" title="Timôro Atsinanana – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Timôro Atsinanana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B4%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BC" title="കിഴക്കൻ ടിമോർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കിഴക്കൻ ടിമോർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_tal-Lvant" title="Timor tal-Lvant – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Timor tal-Lvant" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%ABmoa-ki-te-R%C4%81whiti" title="Tīmoa-ki-te-Rāwhiti – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Tīmoa-ki-te-Rāwhiti" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="पूर्व तिमोर – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पूर्व तिमोर" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ბჟაეიოლი ტიმორი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბჟაეიოლი ტიმორი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%87" title="تيمور الشرقيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تيمور الشرقيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%81%9F%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%8D%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%99%E1%80%90%E1%80%92%E1%80%B3%E1%80%99%E1%80%B6%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%87%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B3_%E1%80%91%E1%80%B3%E1%80%99%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9D%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%B1" title="ကၟိန်ဍုင်သမ္မတဒဳမံက်ကရေဇြဳ ထဳမဝ်လေဝ်သ်တေ – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ကၟိန်ဍုင်သမ္မတဒဳမံက်ကရေဇြဳ ထဳမဝ်လေဝ်သ်တေ" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target">ဘာသာမန်</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1" title="شرقی تیمور – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شرقی تیمور" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Timor Leste" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%94-%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A6%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A6" title="ꯇꯤꯃꯣꯔ-ꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯇꯤꯃꯣꯔ-ꯂꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯦ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Timor Leste" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%95%CC%A4ng_Timor" title="Dĕ̤ng Timor – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dĕ̤ng Timor" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Timor-Leste" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Зүүн Тимор – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Зүүн Тимор" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="အရှေ့တီမောနိုင်ငံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အရှေ့တီမောနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oost-Timor" title="Oost-Timor – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oost-Timor" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="पूर्वी टिमोर – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पूर्वी टिमोर" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0" title="पूर्व टिमोर – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पूर्व टिमोर" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="東ティモール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="東ティモール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Малхбален Тимор – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Малхбален Тимор" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uast-Timor" title="Uast-Timor – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Uast-Timor" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98st-Timor" title="Øst-Timor – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Øst-Timor" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aust-Timor" title="Aust-Timor – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Aust-Timor" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Timor-Leste" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%C3%B2r_%C3%88st" title="Timòr Èst – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Timòr Èst" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Эрвел Тимор – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Эрвел Тимор" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%82%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AC_%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8B%E0%AC%B0" title="ପୂର୍ବ ଟିମୋର – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ପୂର୍ବ ଟିମୋର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiimor_Bahaa" title="Tiimor Bahaa – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Tiimor Bahaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharqiy_Timor" title="Sharqiy Timor – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sharqiy Timor" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0" title="ਪੂਰਬੀ ਤਿਮੋਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੂਰਬੀ ਤਿਮੋਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-leste" title="Timor-leste – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Timor-leste" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DA%91%DA%BE%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1" title="چڑھدا تیمور – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="چڑھدا تیمور" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ost-Timor" title="Ost-Timor – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Ost-Timor" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%8A%DA%81_%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ختيځ تيمور – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ختيځ تيمور" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iis_Timor" title="Iis Timor – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Iis Timor" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%91%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%81%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%BE%E1%9E%8F" title="ទីម័រខាងកើត – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ទីម័រខាងកើត" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Est" title="Timor Est – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Timor Est" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is_Timo" title="Is Timo – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Is Timo" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oosttimor" title="Oosttimor – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Oosttimor" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Wschodni" title="Timor Wschodni – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Timor Wschodni" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Timor-Leste" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sh%C4%B1%C7%B5%C4%B1s_Timor" title="Shıǵıs Timor – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Shıǵıs Timor" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Earqiy_Timor" title="Şarqiy Timor – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Şarqiy Timor" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timorul_de_Est" title="Timorul de Est – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Timorul de Est" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti_Timur" title="Anti Timur – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Anti Timur" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%A2%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Выходный Тімор – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Выходный Тімор" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Восточный Тимор – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Восточный Тимор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Илин Тимор – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Илин Тимор" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-leste" title="Timor-leste – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Timor-leste" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasa%CA%BBe_Timor" title="Sasaʻe Timor – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Sasaʻe Timor" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%C3%B4ro_t%C3%AE_T%C3%B6" title="Timôro tî Tö – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Timôro tî Tö" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sängö</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9D_%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%A8" title="ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱢᱳᱨ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱟᱢᱟᱝ ᱛᱤᱢᱳᱨ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Orientale" title="Timor Orientale – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Timor Orientale" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="East Timor" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-Leste" title="Timor-Leste – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Timor-Leste" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aast-Timor" title="Aast-Timor – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Aast-Timor" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timori_Lindor" title="Timori Lindor – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Timori Lindor" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Est" title="Timor Est – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Timor Est" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA" title="නැගෙනහිර ටිමෝරය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නැගෙනහිර ටිමෝරය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="East Timor" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%80%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1" title="اوڀر تيمور – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اوڀر تيمور" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%BDchodn%C3%BD_Timor" title="Východný Timor – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Východný Timor" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vzhodni_Timor" title="Vzhodni Timor – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vzhodni Timor" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wschod%C5%84i_Tim%C5%AFr" title="Wschodńi Timůr – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Wschodńi Timůr" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bariga_Timor" title="Bariga Timor – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Bariga Timor" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C_%DA%95%DB%86%DA%98%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تیمۆری ڕۆژھەڵات – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تیمۆری ڕۆژھەڵات" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Источни Тимор – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Источни Тимор" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dni_Timor" title="Istočni Timor – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Istočni Timor" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_L%C3%A9st%C3%A9" title="Timor Lésté – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Timor Lésté" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C3%A4-Timor" title="Itä-Timor – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Itä-Timor" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96sttimor" title="Östtimor – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Östtimor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silangang_Timor" title="Silangang Timor – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Silangang Timor" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="கிழக்குத் திமோர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிழக்குத் திமோர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timur_n_Ugmu%E1%B8%8D" title="Timur n Ugmuḍ – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Timur n Ugmuḍ" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%88_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Көнчыгыш Тимор – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Көнчыгыш Тимор" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%80%99%E1%80%B1%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%BD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9D%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A2%E1%80%BD%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းတီႇမေႃးပွတ်းဝၼ်းဢွၵ်ႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းတီႇမေႃးပွတ်းဝၼ်းဢွၵ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor-leste" title="Timor-leste – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Timor-leste" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="తూర్పు తిమోర్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="తూర్పు తిమోర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim%C3%B3r_Lorosa%27e" title="Timór Lorosa'e – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Timór Lorosa'e" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C-%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95" title="ประเทศติมอร์-เลสเต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศติมอร์-เลสเต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%9B%D3%A3" title="Тимури Шарқӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Тимури Шарқӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%ABmoa_fakahahake" title="Tīmoa fakahahake – Tongan" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Tīmoa fakahahake" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="East Timor" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tsetsêhestâhese</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Do%C4%9Fu_Timor" title="Doğu Timor – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Doğu Timor" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCndogar_Timor" title="Gündogar Timor – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Gündogar Timor" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D3%9D%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Шунды ӝужан пал Тимор – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Шунды ӝужан пал Тимор" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%88%E1%A8%97%E1%A8%86%E1%A8%9A%E1%A8%91_%E1%A8%92%E1%A8%99%E1%A8%94%E1%A8%88%E1%A8%99" title="ᨈᨗᨆᨚᨑ ᨒᨙᨔᨈᨙ – Buginese" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨈᨗᨆᨚᨑ ᨒᨙᨔᨈᨙ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Ugi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Східний Тимор – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Східний Тимор" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%DB%8C_%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1" title="مشرقی تیمور – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مشرقی تیمور" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%89%D9%8A_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1" title="شەرقىي تىمور – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="شەرقىي تىمور" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doeng_Timor" title="Doeng Timor – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Doeng Timor" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Est" title="Timor Est – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Timor Est" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A4ivnouzmaine_Timor" title="Päivnouzmaine Timor – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Päivnouzmaine Timor" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%B4ng_Timor" title="Đông Timor – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đông Timor" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lof%C3%BCda-Timore%C3%A4n" title="Lofüda-Timoreän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lofüda-Timoreän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hummogu-Timor" title="Hummogu-Timor – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Hummogu-Timor" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%B8%9D%E6%B1%B6" title="東帝汶 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="東帝汶" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%94ost-Timor" title="Ôost-Timor – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Ôost-Timor" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinirangan_nga_Timor" title="Sinirangan nga Timor – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sinirangan nga Timor" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timoor_gu_Penku" title="Timoor gu Penku – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Timoor gu Penku" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%B8%9D%E6%B1%B6" title="东帝汶 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="东帝汶" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%97_%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A8" title="מזרח טימאר – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מזרח טימאר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cl%C3%A0%C3%B2r%C3%B9n_Timor" title="Ìlàòrùn Timor – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìlàòrùn Timor" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%B8%9D%E6%B1%B6" title="東帝汶 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="東帝汶" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timur%C3%AA_Rocvet%C4%B1%C5%9Fi" title="Timurê Rocvetışi – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Timurê Rocvetışi" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%C3%B4st-Timor" title="Oôst-Timor – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Oôst-Timor" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%ABt%C5%AB_Timuors" title="Rītū Timuors – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Rītū Timuors" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%B8%9D%E6%B1%B6" title="东帝汶 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="东帝汶" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_W%C3%A8tan" title="Timor Wètan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Timor Wètan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Timor Leste" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kadazandusun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor_Leste" title="Timor Leste – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Timor Leste" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" 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Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵎⵓⴹ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target">ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q574#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon 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For the former Indonesian province, see <a href="/wiki/East_Timor_(province)" title="East Timor (province)">East Timor (province)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 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.ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste</div><div class="ib-country-names"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>República Democrática de Timor-Leste (<a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>)</li><li>Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste (<a href="/wiki/Tetum_language" title="Tetum language">Tetum</a>)</li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_East_Timor.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of East Timor"><img alt="Flag of East Timor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/125px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/188px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/250px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_East_Timor" title="Flag of East Timor">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of East Timor"><img alt="Emblem of East Timor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Emblem of East Timor"> Emblem</a></div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto: Unidade, Acção, Progresso (Portuguese) "Unity, Action, Progress"</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem">Anthem: <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1tria" title="Pátria">Pátria</a> (Portuguese) "Fatherland"<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="130" data-mwtitle="East_Timorese_national_anthem.wav" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/East_Timorese_national_anthem.wav/East_Timorese_national_anthem.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/East_Timorese_national_anthem.wav/East_Timorese_national_anthem.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/East_Timorese_national_anthem.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=es&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="es" label="español ‪(es)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=he&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="he" label="עברית ‪(he)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=ht&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ht" label="Kreyòl ayisyen ‪(ht)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=id&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="id" label="Bahasa Indonesia ‪(id)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track 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src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=ru&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ru" label="русский ‪(ru)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=sl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="sl" label="slovenščina ‪(sl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=tet&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tet" label="tetun ‪(tet)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=uk&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="uk" label="українська ‪(uk)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AEast_Timorese_national_anthem.wav&lang=zh-tw&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="zh-Hant-TW" label="中文（臺灣） ‪(zh-tw)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Timor_Leste_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of East Timor"><img alt="Location of East Timor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Timor_Leste_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/230px-Timor_Leste_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="230" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Timor_Leste_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/345px-Timor_Leste_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Timor_Leste_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/460px-Timor_Leste_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="687" data-file-height="687" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital<div class="ib-country-largest">and largest city</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=East_Timor&params=8.55_S_125.56_E_type:city">8°33′S 125°34′E / 8.55°S 125.56°E / -8.55; 125.56</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Timorese_Portuguese" title="East Timorese Portuguese">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetum_language" title="Tetum language">Tetum</a>a</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><a href="/wiki/National_language" title="National language">National languages</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; background:transparent;text-align:left;font-weight:normal;"><div>15 languages</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atauru_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Atauru language">Atauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uab_Meto_language" title="Uab Meto language">Baikeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekais_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bekais language">Bekais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunak_language" title="Bunak language">Bunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fataluku_language" title="Fataluku language">Fataluku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galoli_language" title="Galoli language">Galoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habun_language" title="Habun language">Habun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idalaka_language" title="Idalaka language">Idalaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawaimina_languages" title="Kawaimina languages">Kawaimina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemak_language" title="Kemak language">Kemak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makalero_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Makalero dialect">Makalero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makasae_language" title="Makasae language">Makasae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makuv%27a_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Makuv'a language">Makuva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mambai_language_(Timor)" title="Mambai language (Timor)">Mambai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokodede" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokodede">Tokodede</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><a href="/wiki/Working_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Working languages">Working languages</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"> (2015 census)<a href="#cite_note-religion-1">[1]</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="white-space:nowrap;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li>99.53% <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> <ul><li>97.57% <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_East_Timor" title="Catholic Church in East Timor">Catholicism</a></li> <li>1.96% <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">0.24% <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></li><li style="white-space:nowrap;">0.23% <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_East_Timor" title="Religion in East Timor">other</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>East Timorese</li> <li>Timorese</li> <li>Maubere (informal)<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_East_Timor" title="Politics of East Timor">Government</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Unitary <a href="/wiki/Semi-presidential_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-presidential system">semi-presidential republic</a><a href="#cite_note-Divided-4">[4]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/President_of_East_Timor" title="President of East Timor">President</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">José Ramos-Horta</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_East_Timor" title="Prime Minister of East Timor">Prime Minister</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Xanana_Gusm%C3%A3o" title="Xanana Gusmão">Xanana Gusmão</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Parliament_of_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="National Parliament of East Timor">National Parliament</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/History_of_East_Timor" title="History of East Timor">Independence</a> <div class="ib-country-sovereignty">from <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Timor" title="Portuguese Timor">Portuguese Timor</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Early 18th century</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_East_Timor_(1975)" title="Democratic Republic of East Timor (1975)">Independence declared</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Independence_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Proclamation of Independence day">28 November 1975</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_invasion_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian invasion of East Timor">Annexation by Indonesia</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">17 July 1976</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Administered_East_Timor" title="United Nations Administered East Timor">Administered</a> by <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Administration_in_East_Timor" title="United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor">UNTAET</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">25 October 1999</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/East_Timor_independence" title="East Timor independence">Independence restored</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">20 May 2002</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_East_Timor" title="Geography of East Timor">Area </a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">14,950 km2 (5,770 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">154th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Water (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Negligible</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_East_Timor" title="Demographics of East Timor">Population</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2023 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,354,662 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">153rd</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2022 census</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,341,737<a href="#cite_note-census-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">89.7/km2 (232.3/sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density" title="List of countries and dependencies by population density">137th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">(<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data">2023 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> $5 billion<a href="#cite_note-imf.org-6">[6]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">173rd</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> $3,747<a href="#cite_note-imf.org-6">[6]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">157th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">(nominal)</th><td class="infobox-data">2023 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> $2 billion<a href="#cite_note-imf.org-6">[6]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">183rd</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> $1,497<a href="#cite_note-imf.org-6">[6]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">151st</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient">Gini</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">(2014)</th><td class="infobox-data">28.7<a href="#cite_note-wb-gini-7">[7]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style>low inequality</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">(2022)</th><td class="infobox-data">0.566<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">medium (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">155th</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">United States dollar</a>b <a href="/wiki/East_Timor_centavo_coins" title="East Timor centavo coins">East Timor Centavo</a> (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">USD</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time zone</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+9 (<a href="/wiki/Time_in_East_Timor" title="Time in East Timor">Timor-Leste Time</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Drives on</a></th><td class="infobox-data">left</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_East_Timor" title="Telephone numbers in East Timor">Calling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%2B670" class="mw-redirect" title="+670">+670</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:TL" title="ISO 3166-2:TL">TL</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.tl" title=".tl">.tl</a>c</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="ib-country-fn"><ol class="ib-country-fn-alpha"> <li value="1">Fifteen further "national languages" are recognised by the Constitution</li><li value="2"><a href="/wiki/East_Timor_centavo_coins" title="East Timor centavo coins">Centavo coins</a> also used</li><li value="3">Former use of <a href="/wiki/.tp" title=".tp">.tp</a> has been phased out</li> </ol></div></td></tr></tbody></table> East Timor,<a href="#cite_note-9">[a]</a> also known as Timor-Leste,<a href="#cite_note-12">[b]</a> officially the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, is a <a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">country</a> in <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>. It comprises the eastern half of the island of <a href="/wiki/Timor" title="Timor">Timor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Exclave" class="mw-redirect" title="Exclave">exclave</a> of <a href="/wiki/Oecusse" title="Oecusse">Oecusse</a> on the island's north-western half, and the minor islands of <a href="/wiki/Atauro_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Atauro Island">Atauro</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jaco_Island" title="Jaco Island">Jaco</a>. The western half of the island of Timor is administered by <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> is the country's southern neighbour, separated by the <a href="/wiki/Timor_Sea" title="Timor Sea">Timor Sea</a>. The country's size is 14,950 square kilometres (5,770 sq mi). <a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a>, on the north coast of Timor, is its capital and largest city. Timor was settled by <a href="/wiki/Papuan_languages" title="Papuan languages">Papuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian</a> peoples, which are reflected in the country's diverse mix of cultures and languages, displaying links to Southeast Asia and <a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a>. East Timor came under <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</a> influence in the sixteenth century, remaining a <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Timor" title="Portuguese Timor">Portuguese colony</a> until 1975. Internal conflict preceded a unilateral declaration of independence and an <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_invasion_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian invasion of East Timor">Indonesian invasion</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Timor_(province)" title="East Timor (province)">annexation</a>. Resistance continued throughout <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_occupation_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian occupation of East Timor">Indonesian rule</a> and in 1999, a <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Administration_in_East_Timor" title="United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor">United Nations–sponsored</a> act of <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a> led to Indonesia relinquishing control of the territory. On 20 May 2002, as Timor-Leste, it became the first new <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">sovereign state</a> of the 21st century. That same year, relations with Indonesia were established and normalized, with Indonesia also supporting East Timor's <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_East_Timor_to_ASEAN" title="Accession of East Timor to ASEAN">accession</a> into <a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">ASEAN</a>. The national government runs on a <a href="/wiki/Presidential_republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential republic">semi-presidential system</a>, with the popularly elected <a href="/wiki/President_of_East_Timor" title="President of East Timor">president</a> sharing power with a <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_East_Timor" title="Prime Minister of East Timor">prime minister</a> appointed by the <a href="/wiki/National_Parliament_(East_Timor)" title="National Parliament (East Timor)">National Parliament</a>. Power is centralised under the national government, although many local leaders have informal influence. The country maintains a policy of international cooperation, and is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Community of Portuguese Language Countries</a>, an observer of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum</a>, and an applicant for <a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">ASEAN</a> membership. The country remains relatively poor, with an <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_East_Timor" title="Economy of East Timor">economy</a> that relies heavily on natural resources, especially oil, and foreign aid. The <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_East_Timor" title="Demographics of East Timor">total population</a> is over 1.34 million at the 2022 census, and is heavily skewed towards young people due to a high fertility rate. Education has led to increasing literacy over the past half-century, especially in the two official languages of <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tetum_language" title="Tetum language">Tetum</a>. High ethnic and linguistic diversity is reflected by the <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_East_Timor" title="Languages of East Timor">30 indigenous languages</a> spoken in the country. The majority of the population is <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_East_Timor" title="Catholic Church in East Timor">Catholic</a>, which coexists alongside strong local traditions and beliefs, especially in rural areas. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name">edit</a>]</div> "Timor" is derived from timur, meaning 'east' in <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a>, thus resulting in a <a href="/wiki/Tautological_place_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Tautological place name">tautological place name</a> meaning 'East East'. In <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>, this results in the name Timor Timur (the name of the <a href="/wiki/East_Timor_(province)" title="East Timor (province)">former de facto Indonesian province</a>; Timor Leste is used instead to refer to the country). In Portuguese, the country is called Timor-Leste (Leste meaning 'east'). In <a href="/wiki/Tetum_language" title="Tetum language">Tetum</a>, it is Timór Lorosa'e (Lorosa'e can be <a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">literally translated</a> as 'where the sun rises').<a href="#cite_note-13">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-tetun.org-14">[12]</a> The official names under its constitution are "Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste" in English,<a href="#cite_note-ConstitENG-15">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-UNGEGN2011-16">[14]</a> "República Democrática de Timor-Leste" in Portuguese,<a href="#cite_note-ConstitPORT-17">[15]</a> and "Repúblika Demokrátika Timór-Leste" in Tetum.<a href="#cite_note-ConstitTETUM-18">[16]</a> The official short form of the name is "Timor-Leste",<a href="#cite_note-UNGEGN2011-16">[14]</a> and it uses the <a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-1" title="ISO 3166-1">ISO codes</a> TLS & TL.<a href="#cite_note-:0-19">[17]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_East_Timor" title="History of East Timor">History of East Timor</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistory_and_Classical_era">Prehistory and Classical era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Prehistory and Classical era">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pre-colonial_Timor" title="Pre-colonial Timor">Pre-colonial Timor</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Greater_India" title="Greater India">Greater India</a></div> Cultural remains at <a href="/wiki/Jerimalai" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerimalai">Jerimalai</a> on the eastern tip of East Timor have been dated to 42,000 years ago.<a href="#cite_note-:1-20">[18]</a> The first known inhabitants are those who arrived during the <a href="/wiki/Australo-Melanesian" title="Australo-Melanesian">Australo-Melanesian</a> migration through the region, likely bringing the precursors to today's <a href="/wiki/Papuan_languages" title="Papuan languages">Papuan languages</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[19]</a> A later migration of <a href="/wiki/Austroasiatic_languages" title="Austroasiatic languages">Austroasiatic</a>-speakers is suspected, although no such languages remain.<a href="#cite_note-22">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[21]</a> The arrival of <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian peoples</a> brought <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">new languages</a>, and merged with existing cultures on the island.<a href="#cite_note-24">[22]</a> Timorese origin myths recount settlers sailing around the eastern end of the island before landing in the south. These people are sometimes noted as being from the <a href="/wiki/Malay_Peninsula" title="Malay Peninsula">Malay Peninsula</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_people" title="Minangkabau people">Minangkabau</a> highlands of <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Taylor_2003_378-25">[23]</a> <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_peoples" title="Austronesian peoples">Austronesian</a> migration to Timor may be associated with the development of agriculture on the island.<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[25]</a> While information is limited about the political system of Timor during this period, the island had developed an interconnected series of polities governed by customary law. Small communities, centred around a particular sacred house, were part of wider sucos (or principalities), which were themselves part of larger kingdoms led by a liurai. Authority within these kingdoms was held by <a href="/wiki/Dyad_(sociology)" title="Dyad (sociology)">two individuals</a>, with the worldly power of the liurai balanced by the spiritual power of a rai nain, who was generally associated with the primary sacred house of the kingdom. These polities were numerous and saw shifting alliances and relations, but many were stable enough that they survived from initial European documentation in the 16th century until the end of Portuguese rule.<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 11–15  From perhaps the thirteenth century, the island exported <a href="/wiki/Sandalwood" title="Sandalwood">sandalwood</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 267  which was valued both for its use in crafting and as a source of perfume.<a href="#cite_note-Villiers1994-29">[27]</a> Timor was included in Southeast Asian, Chinese, and Indian trading networks by the fourteenth century, exporting sandalwood,<a href="#cite_note-Schwarz1994-30">[28]</a> honey, and wax. The island was recorded by the <a href="/wiki/Majapahit" title="Majapahit">Majapahit</a> Empire as a source of tribute.<a href="#cite_note-Paulino2011-31">[29]</a>: 89  It was sandalwood that attracted European explorers to the island in the early sixteenth century. Early European presence was limited to trade,<a href="#cite_note-leibosteven-32">[30]</a> with the first Portuguese settlement being on the nearby island of <a href="/wiki/Solor" title="Solor">Solor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Paulino2011-31">[29]</a>: 90  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Portuguese_era_(1769–1975)">Portuguese era (1769–1975)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Portuguese era (1769–1975)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Timor" title="Portuguese Timor">Portuguese Timor</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Planta_de_Cailacao_(1727),_Arquivo_Hist%C3%B3rico_Ultramarino.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Black, red and white hand-drawn illustration showing a battle between Portuguese forces and their allies against an army of rebelling kingdoms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Planta_de_Cailacao_%281727%29%2C_Arquivo_Hist%C3%B3rico_Ultramarino.jpg/220px-Planta_de_Cailacao_%281727%29%2C_Arquivo_Hist%C3%B3rico_Ultramarino.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Planta_de_Cailacao_%281727%29%2C_Arquivo_Hist%C3%B3rico_Ultramarino.jpg/330px-Planta_de_Cailacao_%281727%29%2C_Arquivo_Hist%C3%B3rico_Ultramarino.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Planta_de_Cailacao_%281727%29%2C_Arquivo_Hist%C3%B3rico_Ultramarino.jpg/440px-Planta_de_Cailacao_%281727%29%2C_Arquivo_Hist%C3%B3rico_Ultramarino.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11641" data-file-height="7753" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Cailaco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Cailaco (page does not exist)">Battle of Cailaco</a> in 1726, part of a rebellion</figcaption></figure> Early Portuguese presence on Timor was very limited; trade was directed through Portuguese settlements on nearby islands. Only in the 17th century did they establish a more direct presence on the island, a consequence of being driven out of other islands by the Dutch.<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 267  After Solor was lost in 1613, the Portuguese moved to <a href="/wiki/Flores" title="Flores">Flores</a>. In 1646, the capital moved to <a href="/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang">Kupang</a> on Timor's west, before Kupang too was lost to the Dutch in 1652. The Portuguese then moved to <a href="/wiki/Lifau" title="Lifau">Lifau</a>, in what is now East Timor's <a href="/wiki/Oecusse" title="Oecusse">Oecusse</a> exclave.<a href="#cite_note-Paulino2011-31">[29]</a>: 90  Effective European occupation in the east of the island only began in 1769, when the city of <a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a> was founded, although actual control remained highly limited.<a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a> A definitive <a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93Indonesia_border" title="East Timor–Indonesia border">border</a> between the Dutch and Portuguese parts of the island was established by the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitration" title="Permanent Court of Arbitration">Permanent Court of Arbitration</a> in 1914 and remains the international boundary between the successor states Indonesia and East Timor, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-34">[32]</a> For the Portuguese, East Timor remained little more than a neglected trading post, with minimal investment in infrastructure and education, until the late nineteenth century. Even when Portugal established actual control over the interior of its colony, investment remained minimal.<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 269, 273  Sandalwood continued to be the main export crop and coffee exports became significant in the mid-nineteenth century.<a href="#cite_note-Villiers1994-29">[27]</a> At the beginning of the twentieth century, a faltering domestic economy prompted the Portuguese to extract greater wealth from its colonies, which was met with East Timorese resistance.<a href="#cite_note-Schwarz1994-30">[28]</a> The colony was seen as an economic burden during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> and received little support or management from Portugal.<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 269  During World War II, Dili was occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a> in 1941, and later by the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japanese</a> beginning in 1942. The mountainous interior of the colony became the scene of a <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare" title="Guerrilla warfare">guerrilla campaign</a>, known as the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Timor_(1942%E2%80%9343)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Timor (1942–43)">Battle of Timor</a>. Waged by East Timorese volunteers and Allied forces against the Japanese, the struggle killed between 40,000 and 70,000 East Timorese civilians.<a href="#cite_note-ASNCE-35">[33]</a> The Japanese eventually drove the last of the Australian and Allied forces out in early 1943.<a href="#cite_note-36">[34]</a> Portuguese control resumed, however, after Japanese surrender at the end of World War II.<a href="#cite_note-Levi1946-37">[35]</a> Portugal began investment in the colony in the 1950s, funding education and promoting coffee exports, but the economy did not improve substantially and infrastructure improvements were limited.<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 269  Yearly growth rates remained low, near 2%.<a href="#cite_note-TL-38">[36]</a> Following the <a href="/wiki/Carnation_Revolution" title="Carnation Revolution">1974 Portuguese revolution</a>, Portugal effectively abandoned its colony in Timor, and civil war between East Timorese political parties broke out in 1975. The <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Front_for_an_Independent_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor">Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor</a> (Fretilin) resisted a <a href="/wiki/Timorese_Democratic_Union" title="Timorese Democratic Union">Timorese Democratic Union</a> (UDT) coup attempt in August 1975,<a href="#cite_note-39">[37]</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Timorese_declaration_of_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timorese declaration of independence">unilaterally declared independence</a> on 28 November 1975. Fearing a communist state within the Indonesian Archipelago, the Indonesian military launched an <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_invasion_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian invasion of East Timor">invasion of East Timor</a> on 7 December 1975.<a href="#cite_note-40">[38]</a> Indonesia declared <a href="/wiki/East_Timor_(province)" title="East Timor (province)">East Timor its 27th province</a> on 17 July 1976.<a href="#cite_note-41">[39]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council" title="United Nations Security Council">United Nations Security Council</a> opposed the invasion, and the territory's nominal status in the UN remained as "non-self-governing territory under Portuguese administration".<a href="#cite_note-42">[40]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indonesian_occupation_(1975–1999)">Indonesian occupation (1975–1999)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Indonesian occupation (1975–1999)">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_occupation_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian occupation of East Timor">Indonesian occupation of East Timor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timor_Timur" class="mw-redirect" title="Timor Timur">Timor Timur</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:East_Timor_Demo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Protestors holding a sign saying "Indonesia out of East Timor NOW"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/East_Timor_Demo.jpg/220px-East_Timor_Demo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/East_Timor_Demo.jpg/330px-East_Timor_Demo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/East_Timor_Demo.jpg/440px-East_Timor_Demo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>A demonstration for <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_occupation_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian occupation of East Timor">independence from Indonesia</a> held in Australia during September 1999</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Fretilin" title="Fretilin">Fretilin</a> resisted the invasion, initially as an army, holding territory until November 1978, and then as a guerrilla resistance.<a href="#cite_note-Niner2000-43">[41]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_occupation_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian occupation of East Timor">Indonesian occupation</a> of Timor was marked by violence and brutality. A detailed statistical report prepared for the <a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Reception,_Truth_and_Reconciliation_in_East_Timor" title="Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation in East Timor">Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation in East Timor</a> cited a minimum of 102,800 conflict-related deaths in the period between 1974 and 1999, including approximately 18,600 killings and 84,200 <a href="/wiki/Excess_death" class="mw-redirect" title="Excess death">excess deaths</a> from hunger and illness. The total number of conflict-related deaths during this period is difficult to determine due to a lack of data. One estimate based on Portuguese, Indonesian, and Catholic Church data suggests it may have been as high as 200,000.<a href="#cite_note-44">[42]</a> Repression and restrictions counteracted improvements in health and education infrastructure and services, meaning there was little overall improvement in living standards; economic growth mostly benefited immigrants from elsewhere in Indonesia.<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 271  A huge expansion of education was intended to increase Indonesian language use and internal security as much as it was for development.<a href="#cite_note-45">[43]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_massacre" title="Santa Cruz massacre">1991 massacre</a> of more than 200 demonstrators by the Indonesian military was a turning point for the independence cause, and brought increased international pressure on Indonesia. Following the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Suharto" title="Fall of Suharto">resignation of Indonesian President Suharto</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Niner2000-43">[41]</a> the new President <a href="/wiki/B._J._Habibie" title="B. J. Habibie">BJ Habibie</a>, prompted by a letter from Australian <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_John_Howard" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime Minister John Howard">Prime Minister John Howard</a>, decided to hold a referendum on independence.<a href="#cite_note-46">[44]</a> A UN-sponsored agreement between Indonesia and Portugal allowed for a UN-supervised popular <a href="/wiki/East_Timorese_independence_referendum,_1999" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timorese independence referendum, 1999">referendum</a> in August 1999. A clear vote for independence was met with <a href="/wiki/1999_East_Timorese_crisis" title="1999 East Timorese crisis">a punitive campaign of violence</a> by East Timorese <a href="/wiki/Pro-Indonesia_militia" title="Pro-Indonesia militia">pro-integration militias</a> supported by elements of the Indonesian military. In response, the Indonesian government allowed a multinational peacekeeping force, <a href="/wiki/International_Force_East_Timor" title="International Force East Timor">INTERFET</a>, to restore order and aid East Timorese refugees and internally displaced persons.<a href="#cite_note-auto2-47">[45]</a> On 25 October 1999, the administration of East Timor was taken over by the UN through the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Administration_in_East_Timor" title="United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor">United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor</a> (UNTAET).<a href="#cite_note-48">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[47]</a> INTERFET deployment ended in February 2000 with the transfer of military command to the UN.<a href="#cite_note-50">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contemporary_era">Contemporary era</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Contemporary era">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/East_Timor_independence" title="East Timor independence">East Timor independence</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Administered_East_Timor" title="United Nations Administered East Timor">United Nations Administered East Timor</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswalhkampf_JRH_2007.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="José Ramos-Horta in traditional formal wear talking to reporters" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswalhkampf_JRH_2007.JPG/170px-Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswalhkampf_JRH_2007.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswalhkampf_JRH_2007.JPG/255px-Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswalhkampf_JRH_2007.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswalhkampf_JRH_2007.JPG/340px-Pr%C3%A4sidentschaftswalhkampf_JRH_2007.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">José Ramos-Horta</a>, 1996 Nobel Peace Prize winner, fourth and seventh president of East Timor</figcaption></figure> On 30 August 2001, the East Timorese voted in their first election organised by the UN to elect members of the Constituent Assembly.<a href="#cite_note-ConstitENG-15">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-UNOct01-51">[49]</a> On 22 March 2002, the Constituent Assembly approved the Constitution.<a href="#cite_note-ConstitENG-15">[13]</a> By May 2002, more than 205,000 refugees had returned.<a href="#cite_note-52">[50]</a> On 20 May 2002, the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of East Timor came into force and East Timor was <a href="/wiki/East_Timor_independence" title="East Timor independence">recognised as independent</a> by the UN.<a href="#cite_note-UNOct01-51">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-53">[51]</a> The Constituent Assembly was renamed the National Parliament, and <a href="/wiki/Xanana_Gusm%C3%A3o" title="Xanana Gusmão">Xanana Gusmão</a> was elected as the country's first president.<a href="#cite_note-Aucoin2010-54">[52]</a> On 27 September 2002 the country became a UN member state.<a href="#cite_note-55">[53]</a> In 2006, <a href="/wiki/2006_East_Timorese_crisis" title="2006 East Timorese crisis">a crisis of unrest and factional fighting</a> forced 155,000 people to flee their homes; the United Nations sent in security forces to restore order.<a href="#cite_note-abc_2012-12-30-56">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[55]</a> The following year, Gusmão declined to run for another term. While there were minor incidents in the build-up to the <a href="/wiki/East_Timorese_presidential_election,_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timorese presidential election, 2007">mid-year presidential elections</a>, the process was peaceful overall and <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">José Ramos-Horta</a> was elected president.<a href="#cite_note-58">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-59">[57]</a> In June 2007, Gusmão ran in the <a href="/wiki/East_Timorese_parliamentary_election,_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timorese parliamentary election, 2007">parliamentary elections</a> and became prime minister at the head of the <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_for_Timorese_Reconstruction" title="National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction">National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction</a> (CNRT) party. In February 2008, Ramos-Horta was critically injured in <a href="/wiki/2008_East_Timorese_assassination_attempts" title="2008 East Timorese assassination attempts">an attempted assassination</a>; Prime Minister Gusmão also faced gunfire separately but escaped unharmed. Australian reinforcements were immediately sent to help keep order.<a href="#cite_note-60">[58]</a> In March 2011, the UN handed over operational control of the police force to the East Timor authorities. The United Nations ended its peacekeeping mission on 31 December 2012.<a href="#cite_note-abc_2012-12-30-56">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Guterres" title="Francisco Guterres">Francisco Guterres</a> of the centre-left Fretilin party became president in May 2017.<a href="#cite_note-61">[59]</a> The leader of Fretilin, <a href="/wiki/Mari_Alkatiri" title="Mari Alkatiri">Mari Alkatiri</a>, formed a coalition government after the July 2017 parliamentary election. This government soon fell, leading to a second general election in May 2018.<a href="#cite_note-62">[60]</a> In June 2018, former president and independence fighter, <a href="/wiki/Taur_Matan_Ruak" title="Taur Matan Ruak">Taur Matan Ruak</a>, became the new prime minister.<a href="#cite_note-63">[61]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">José Ramos-Horta</a> again became president on 20 May 2022 after winning the April 2022 <a href="/wiki/2022_East_Timorese_presidential_election" title="2022 East Timorese presidential election">presidential election</a> runoff against Francisco Guterres.<a href="#cite_note-64">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics_and_government">Politics and government</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Politics and government">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_East_Timor" title="Politics of East Timor">Politics of East Timor</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Xanana_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Xanana Gusmão in a western-style suit" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Xanana_2011.jpg/170px-Xanana_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Xanana_2011.jpg/255px-Xanana_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Xanana_2011.jpg/340px-Xanana_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1381" data-file-height="1720" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Xanana_Gusm%C3%A3o" title="Xanana Gusmão">Xanana Gusmão</a>, the first East Timorese president after the end of Indonesian occupation</figcaption></figure> The political system of East Timor is <a href="/wiki/Semi-presidential_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi-presidential system">semi-presidential</a>, based upon the <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Portugal" title="Politics of Portugal">Portuguese system</a>.<a href="#cite_note-SpL-65">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2020-66">[64]</a>: 175  The constitution establishes both this separation of executive powers between the president and the prime minister; and the <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">separation of powers</a> between the executive, legislature, and judiciary.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 12  Individuals are not allowed to participate in both the legislature and the executive branch. The legislature is intended to provide a check on the executive; in practice the executive has maintained control of the legislature under all political parties, reflecting the dominance of individual leaders within political parties and coalitions.<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2020-66">[64]</a>: 174  The executive, through the council of ministers, also holds some formal legislative powers.<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2020-66">[64]</a>: 175  The judiciary operates independently, although there are instances of executive interference.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 13, 39 <a href="#cite_note-FreedomHouse2021-68">[66]</a> Some courts shift between locations, to improve access for those in more isolated areas.<a href="#cite_note-FreedomHouse2021-68">[66]</a> Despite political rhetoric, the constitution and democratic institutions have been followed by politicians, and changes of government are peaceful.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 15, 42  Elections are run by an independent body,<a href="#cite_note-Croissant2020-69">[67]</a>: 216  and turnout is high, ranging from around 70% to 85%.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 17 <a href="#cite_note-70">[68]</a> The political system has wide public acceptance.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 17 <a href="#cite_note-Feijó2015-71">[69]</a>: 106  The <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> of East Timor is the <a href="/wiki/President_of_East_Timor" title="President of East Timor">president of the republic</a>, who is elected by popular vote for a five-year term,<a href="#cite_note-Divided-4">[4]</a>: 244  and can serve a maximum of two terms.<a href="#cite_note-FreedomHouse2021-68">[66]</a> Formally, the directly elected president holds relatively limited powers compared to those in similar systems, with no power over the appointment and dismissal of the prime minister and the council of ministers. However, as they are directly elected, past presidents have wielded great informal power and influence.<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2020-66">[64]</a>: 175  The president does have the power to veto government legislation, initiate referendums, and to dissolve parliament in the event that it is unable to form a government or pass a budget.<a href="#cite_note-Divided-4">[4]</a>: 244  If the president vetoes a legislative action, the parliament can overturn the veto with a two-thirds majority.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 10  The prime minister is chosen by the parliament, with the president appointing the leader of the majority party or <a href="/wiki/Coalition" title="Coalition">coalition</a> as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_East_Timor" title="Prime Minister of East Timor">prime minister of East Timor</a> and the cabinet on the proposal of the latter.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 10 <a href="#cite_note-EUEOM2012-72">[70]</a> As <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a>, the prime minister presides over the cabinet.<a href="#cite_note-EUEOM2012-72">[70]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Parliament_building,_Dili,_2018_(01).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="White building rising just above the palm trees surrounding it" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/National_Parliament_building%2C_Dili%2C_2018_%2801%29.jpg/220px-National_Parliament_building%2C_Dili%2C_2018_%2801%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/National_Parliament_building%2C_Dili%2C_2018_%2801%29.jpg/330px-National_Parliament_building%2C_Dili%2C_2018_%2801%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/National_Parliament_building%2C_Dili%2C_2018_%2801%29.jpg/440px-National_Parliament_building%2C_Dili%2C_2018_%2801%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5994" data-file-height="3984" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/National_Parliament_(East_Timor)" title="National Parliament (East Timor)">National Parliament</a>, fronted by flags of the <a href="/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Community of Portuguese Language Countries</a>.</figcaption></figure> Representatives in the <a href="/wiki/Unicameral" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicameral">unicameral</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Parliament_(East_Timor)" title="National Parliament (East Timor)">National Parliament</a> are elected by popular vote to a five-year term.<a href="#cite_note-FreedomHouse2021-68">[66]</a> The number of seats can vary from a minimum of fifty-two to a maximum of sixty-five. Parties must achieve 3% of the vote to enter parliament, with seats for qualifying parties allocated using the <a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">D'Hondt method</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EUEOM2012-72">[70]</a> Elections occur within the framework of a competitive multi-party system. Upon independence, power was held by the <a href="/wiki/Fretilin" title="Fretilin">Fretilin</a> political party, which was formed shortly before the Indonesian invasion and led its resistance. Given its history, Fretilin viewed itself as the natural party of government and supported a multi-party system, expecting the development of a <a href="/wiki/Dominant-party_system" title="Dominant-party system">dominant-party system</a>. Support from the United Nations and the international community, both before and after independence, allowed the nascent political system to survive shocks such as <a href="/wiki/2006_East_Timorese_crisis" title="2006 East Timorese crisis">the 2006 crisis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2020-66">[64]</a>: 173  Candidates in parliamentary elections run in a single national district in a party-list system. One in three of all candidates presented by political parties must be women. This system promotes a diversity of political parties, but gives voters little influence over the individual candidates selected by each party.<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2020-66">[64]</a>: 175–176  Women hold more than a third of parliamentary seats, with parties required by law to run female candidates, but they are less prominent at other levels and within party leadership.<a href="#cite_note-FreedomHouse2021-68">[66]</a> Political divisions exist along class lines and along geographical lines. There is broadly a divide between eastern and western areas of the country, stemming from differences that arose under Indonesian rule. Fretilin in particular is strongly linked to the Eastern areas.<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2020-66">[64]</a>: 176–177  Political parties are more closely associated with prominent personalities more than with ideology.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 16 <a href="#cite_note-73">[71]</a> The <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_for_Timorese_Reconstruction" title="National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction">National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction</a> became the main opposition to Fretilin, following its establishment to allow <a href="/wiki/Xanana_Gusm%C3%A3o" title="Xanana Gusmão">Xanana Gusmão</a> to run for Prime Minister in <a href="/wiki/2007_East_Timorese_parliamentary_election" title="2007 East Timorese parliamentary election">the 2007 parliamentary elections</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2020-66">[64]</a>: 168–169 <a href="#cite_note-74">[72]</a> While both major parties have been relatively stable, they remain led by an "old guard" of individuals who came to prominence during the resistance against Indonesia.<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2020-66">[64]</a>: 175 <a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 10–11 <a href="#cite_note-75">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[74]</a> Politics and administration is centred in the capital <a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a>, with the national government responsible for most civil services.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 9, 36  <a href="/wiki/Oecusse" title="Oecusse">Oecusse</a>, separated from the rest of the country by Indonesian territory, is a special administrative region with some autonomy.<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2020-66">[64]</a>: 180  The <a href="/wiki/National_Police_of_East_Timor" title="National Police of East Timor">National Police of East Timor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timor_Leste_Defence_Force" title="Timor Leste Defence Force">Timor Leste Defence Force</a> have held a <a href="/wiki/Monopoly_on_violence" title="Monopoly on violence">monopoly on violence</a> since 2008 and very few guns are present outside of these organisations.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 8  While there are allegations of abuse of power, there is some judicial oversight of police and public trust in the institution has grown.<a href="#cite_note-FreedomHouse2021-68">[66]</a> An active <a href="/wiki/Civil_society" title="Civil society">civil society</a> functions independently of the government, as do media outlets.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 11–12  Civil society organisations are concentrated in the capital, including student groups. Due to the structure of the economy, there are no powerful trade unions.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 17  The Catholic Church has strong influence in the country.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 40  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foreign_relations_and_military">Foreign relations and military</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Foreign relations and military">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_East_Timor" title="Foreign relations of East Timor">Foreign relations of East Timor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Timor_Leste_Defence_Force" title="Timor Leste Defence Force">Timor Leste Defence Force</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oil_demo_Timor_2013.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Protestors holding a sign saying "Don't steal my oil" below artwork of kangaroos hopping away with buckets" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Oil_demo_Timor_2013.JPG/220px-Oil_demo_Timor_2013.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Oil_demo_Timor_2013.JPG/330px-Oil_demo_Timor_2013.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Oil_demo_Timor_2013.JPG/440px-Oil_demo_Timor_2013.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="474" /></a><figcaption>Demonstration against Australia in December 2013</figcaption></figure> International cooperation has always been important to East Timor; donor funds made up 80% of the budget before oil revenues began to replace them.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 42–44  International forces also provided security, with five UN missions sent to the country from 1999. The final one, the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Integrated_Mission_in_East_Timor" title="United Nations Integrated Mission in East Timor">United Nations Integrated Mission in East Timor</a>, began after the <a href="/wiki/2006_East_Timorese_crisis" title="2006 East Timorese crisis">2006 East Timorese crisis</a> and concluded in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-Sahin2014-77">[75]</a>: 4, 14  East Timor <a href="/wiki/Accession_of_East_Timor_to_ASEAN" title="Accession of East Timor to ASEAN">formally applied</a> to join <a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">ASEAN</a> in 2011,<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 42–44 <a href="#cite_note-78">[76]</a> and was granted observer status and accepted "in principle" in November 2022.<a href="#cite_note-79">[77]</a> Despite the nationalist political leadership promoting closer ties with Melanesian states, the country has targeted ASEAN membership since before its independence, with its leaders stating that joining Pacific bodies would have precluded ASEAN membership. ASEAN membership was sought for economic and security reasons, including to improve the relationship with Indonesia. Nonetheless, the process has been slow due to a lack of support from some ASEAN states.<a href="#cite_note-Sahin2014-77">[75]</a>: 10–11  East Timor is thus an observer to the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Melanesian_Spearhead_Group" title="Melanesian Spearhead Group">Melanesian Spearhead Group</a>. More broadly, the country is a leader within the <a href="/wiki/Group_of_Seven_Plus_(g7%2B)" title="Group of Seven Plus (g7+)">Group of Seven Plus (g7+)</a>, an organisation of <a href="/wiki/Fragile_state" title="Fragile state">fragile states</a>. It is also a member of the <a href="/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Community of Portuguese Language Countries</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 42–44 <a href="#cite_note-80">[78]</a> Continuing bilateral donors include Australia, Portugal, Germany, and Japan, and East Timor has a reputation for effectively and transparently using donor funds. Good relations <a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93East_Timor_relations" title="Australia–East Timor relations">with Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93Indonesia_relations" title="East Timor–Indonesia relations">with Indonesia</a> are a policy goal for the government, despite historical and more-recent tensions. These countries are important economic partners and provide most transport links to the country.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 42–44  China has also increased its presence by contributing to infrastructure in Dili.<a href="#cite_note-Sahin2014-77">[75]</a>: 12  The relationship with Australia was dominated from before independence by disputes over <a href="/wiki/Natural_resources" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural resources">natural resources</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Timor_Gap" title="Timor Gap">ocean between them</a>, hampering the establishment of a mutually agreed border. The dominance of Australian <a href="/wiki/Hard_power" title="Hard power">hard power</a> led East Timor to utilise <a href="/wiki/Public_diplomacy" title="Public diplomacy">public diplomacy</a> and forums for <a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">international law</a> to push their case.<a href="#cite_note-ta-81">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-82">[80]</a> The dispute was resolved in 2018 following conciliation procedures<a href="#cite_note-83">[81]</a> before the <a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitration" title="Permanent Court of Arbitration">Permanent Court of Arbitration</a>, when the two states established by treaty a maritime boundary between them along with an agreement on natural resource revenues.<a href="#cite_note-84">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[83]</a> The Timor Leste Defence Force (F-FDTL) was established in 2001, replacing <a href="/wiki/Falintil" title="Falintil">Falintil</a>, and was restructured following the events of 2006. It is responsible not only for safeguarding against external threats, but also for addressing violent crime, a role it shares with the <a href="/wiki/National_Police_of_East_Timor" title="National Police of East Timor">National Police of East Timor</a>. These forces remain small: 2,200 soldiers in the regular army and 80 in a naval component. A <a href="/wiki/Cessna_172" title="Cessna 172">single aircraft</a> and seven patrol boats are operated, and there are plans to expand the naval component. There is some military cooperation with Australia, Portugal, and the United States.<a href="#cite_note-86">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_East_Timor" title="Municipalities of East Timor">Municipalities of East Timor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Administrative_posts_of_East_Timor" title="Administrative posts of East Timor">Administrative posts of East Timor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sucos_of_East_Timor" title="Sucos of East Timor">Sucos of East Timor</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Municipalities_of_Timor-Leste.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Labelled map of East Timor divided into its fourteen municipalities" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Municipalities_of_Timor-Leste.png/290px-Municipalities_of_Timor-Leste.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Municipalities_of_Timor-Leste.png/435px-Municipalities_of_Timor-Leste.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Municipalities_of_Timor-Leste.png/580px-Municipalities_of_Timor-Leste.png 2x" data-file-width="3344" data-file-height="1929" /></a><figcaption>The fourteen municipalities of East Timor</figcaption></figure> East Timor is divided into fourteen municipalities, which in turn are subdivided into 64 administrative posts, 442 sucos (villages), and 2,225 aldeias (hamlets).<a href="#cite_note-2009divisions-87">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[86]</a><a href="#cite_note-AtauroTatoli2022-89">[87]</a> The municipalities are: <a href="/wiki/Aileu_Municipality" title="Aileu Municipality">Aileu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ainaro_Municipality" title="Ainaro Municipality">Ainaro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atauro" title="Atauro">Atauro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baucau_Municipality" title="Baucau Municipality">Baucau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bobonaro_Municipality" title="Bobonaro Municipality">Bobonaro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cova_Lima_Municipality" title="Cova Lima Municipality">Cova Lima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dili_Municipality" title="Dili Municipality">Dili</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ermera_Municipality" title="Ermera Municipality">Ermera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laut%C3%A9m_Municipality" title="Lautém Municipality">Lautém</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liqui%C3%A7%C3%A1_Municipality" title="Liquiçá Municipality">Liquiçá</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manatuto_Municipality" title="Manatuto Municipality">Manatuto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manufahi_Municipality" title="Manufahi Municipality">Manufahi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oecusse" title="Oecusse">Oecusse</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Viqueque_Municipality" title="Viqueque Municipality">Viqueque</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2009divisions-87">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-AtauroTatoli2022-89">[87]</a> The existing system of municipalities and administrative posts was established during Portuguese rule.<a href="#cite_note-Simião2020-90">[88]</a>: 3  While decentralisation is mentioned in the constitution, administrative powers generally remain with the national government operating out of Dili.<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2010-91">[89]</a>: 2  Upon independence there was debate about how to implement decentralisation; various proposed models would create different levels of administration between the sucos and the central government. In most proposals, there were no specific provisions for suco-level governance, and they were expected to continue to exist as mostly traditional spaces, identifying communities rather than being part of the civil administration. In the end, the existing districts were kept and renamed municipalities in 2009, and received very few powers.<a href="#cite_note-Feijó2015-71">[69]</a>: 88–92  In 2016 changes were made so that each municipality is led by a civil servant appointed by the central government. This civil servant is advised by locally elected leaders.<a href="#cite_note-Simião2020-90">[88]</a>: 4, 7  The isolated <a href="/wiki/Oecusse" title="Oecusse">Oecusse</a> municipality, which has a strong identity and is fully surrounded by Indonesian territory, is specified by Articles 5 and 71 of the 2002 constitution to be governed by a special administrative policy and economic regime. Law 3/2014 of 18 June 2014 implemented this constitutional provision, which went into effect in January 2015, turning Oecusse into a Special Administrative Region. The region began operating its own civil service in June 2015.<a href="#cite_note-92">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-93">[91]</a> In January 2022 the island of <a href="/wiki/Atauro" title="Atauro">Atauro</a>, formerly an Administrative Post of Dili, became its own municipality.<a href="#cite_note-AtauroTatoli2022-89">[87]</a> Due to its small population, which the government states is insufficient to elect a Municipal Assembly, there are plans to convert Atauro to a Special Economic Zone similar to Oecusse.<a href="#cite_note-94">[92]</a> Administration in the lowest levels of the administrative system of East Timor, the aldeias and sucos, generally reflects traditional customs,<a href="#cite_note-Shoesmith2010-91">[89]</a>: 1  reflecting community identity and relationships between local households.<a href="#cite_note-Butterworth2010-95">[93]</a>: 4  Sucos generally contain 2,000 to 3,000 inhabitants. Their long persistence and links to local governance means the sucos are the level of government that is linked to community identities, rather than any high level of administration.<a href="#cite_note-Feijó2015-71">[69]</a>: 89  Such relationships, however, are associated specifically with the kinship groups within that land, rather than the land itself.<a href="#cite_note-Scambary2019-96">[94]</a>: 52–53  Relationships between sucos also reflect customary practices, for example through the reciprocal exchanging of support for local initiatives.<a href="#cite_note-Butterworth2010-95">[93]</a>: 9  Laws passed in 2004 provided for the election of some suco officials, but assigned these positions no formal powers. An updated law in 2009 established the expected mandate of these positions, although it continued to leave them outside of the formal state system, reliant on municipal governments to provide formal administration and services.<a href="#cite_note-Feijó2015-71">[69]</a>: 94–97  Further clarification was given in 2016, which entrenched the treatment of sucos and aldeias more as communities than formal levels of administration. Despite this lack of formal association with the state, suco leaders hold great influence and are often seen by their community as representatives of the state. They have responsibilities usually associated with civic administration.<a href="#cite_note-Simião2020-90">[88]</a>: 7–10  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_East_Timor" title="Geography of East Timor">Geography of East Timor</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TL_A0_HShade_101113-001.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Relief map of East Timor showing the mountainous interior" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/TL_A0_HShade_101113-001.png/220px-TL_A0_HShade_101113-001.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/TL_A0_HShade_101113-001.png/330px-TL_A0_HShade_101113-001.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/TL_A0_HShade_101113-001.png/440px-TL_A0_HShade_101113-001.png 2x" data-file-width="14044" data-file-height="9934" /></a><figcaption>Map of East Timor</figcaption></figure> Located between Southeast Asia and the South Pacific,<a href="#cite_note-Berlie2017ch1-97">[95]</a>: 2  the island of <a href="/wiki/Timor" title="Timor">Timor</a> is the largest of the <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda Islands</a>, which lie within the <a href="/wiki/Malay_Archipelago" title="Malay Archipelago">Malay Archipelago</a>.<a href="#cite_note-WBG2009-98">[96]</a>: 1  As such, Timor forms part of the <a href="/wiki/Wallacea" title="Wallacea">Wallacea</a> region, the boundary region between Asia and Oceania, along with the Lesser Sundas, <a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku Islands</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The island is surrounded by the <a href="/wiki/Ombai_Strait" title="Ombai Strait">Ombai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wetar_Strait" title="Wetar Strait">Wetar Straits</a> of the rougher <a href="/wiki/Banda_Sea" title="Banda Sea">Banda Sea</a> in the north, and the calmer <a href="/wiki/Timor_Sea" title="Timor Sea">Timor Sea</a> in the south.<a href="#cite_note-Berlie2017ch1-97">[95]</a>: 2 <a href="#cite_note-Molnar2009-99">[97]</a> East Timor shares the island with Indonesia, with Indonesian territory separating the <a href="/wiki/Oecusse" title="Oecusse">Oecusse</a> exclave from the rest of the country. The island of <a href="/wiki/Atauro" title="Atauro">Atauro</a> lies north of the mainland,<a href="#cite_note-Berlie2017ch1-97">[95]</a>: 2  with the fourth area being the small <a href="/wiki/Jaco_Island" title="Jaco Island">island of Jaco</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Savu_Sea" title="Savu Sea">Savu Sea</a> lies north of Oecusse.<a href="#cite_note-Deeley2001-100">[98]</a>: 1  The country is about 265 kilometres (165 mi) long and 97 kilometres (60 mi) wide, with a total land area of 14,874 square kilometres (5,743 sq mi).<a href="#cite_note-WBG2009-98">[96]</a>: 1  This territory is situated between 8′15S – 10′30S latitude and 125′50E – 127′30E longitude.<a href="#cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">[99]</a>: 2  The country's coastline covers around 700 kilometres (430 mi),<a href="#cite_note-WBG2009-98">[96]</a>: 27  while the main land border with Indonesia is 125 kilometres (78 mi) long, and the Oecusse land border is around 100 kilometres (62 mi) long.<a href="#cite_note-Deeley2001-100">[98]</a>: 1  Maritime borders exist with Australia to the south and Indonesia elsewhere.<a href="#cite_note-102">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[101]</a> East Timor has an <a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">exclusive economic zone</a> of 77,051 km2 (29,750 sq mi).<a href="#cite_note-104">[102]</a> The interior of the country is mountainous,<a href="#cite_note-Berlie2017ch1-97">[95]</a>: 2  with ridges of inactive volcanic mountains extending along the island.<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 2  Almost half of the country has a slope of at least 40%. The south is slightly less mountainous, and has some plains near the coastline.<a href="#cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">[99]</a>: 2  The highest point is <a href="/wiki/Tatamailau" title="Tatamailau">Tatamailau</a> (also known as Mount Ramelau) at 2,963 metres (9,721 ft).<a href="#cite_note-Molnar2009-99">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-gb-105">[103]</a> Most rivers dry up at least partially during the dry season.<a href="#cite_note-Deeley2001-100">[98]</a>: 2  Outside of some coastal areas and river valleys, the soil is shallow and prone to erosion, and its quality is poor.<a href="#cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">[99]</a>: 13 <a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 2  The capital and largest city is Dili. The second-largest city is the eastern town of <a href="/wiki/Baucau" title="Baucau">Baucau</a>.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 22  <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TL-Land_Cover_Map_A4_111313-001.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map showing the different types of land cover in East Timor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/TL-Land_Cover_Map_A4_111313-001.png/220px-TL-Land_Cover_Map_A4_111313-001.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/TL-Land_Cover_Map_A4_111313-001.png/330px-TL-Land_Cover_Map_A4_111313-001.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/TL-Land_Cover_Map_A4_111313-001.png/440px-TL-Land_Cover_Map_A4_111313-001.png 2x" data-file-width="3509" data-file-height="2481" /></a><figcaption>Land cover</figcaption></figure> The climate is tropical with relatively stable temperatures throughout the year. A wet season lasts from December to May throughout the country, and lasts slightly longer in the south<a href="#cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">[99]</a>: 5  and the interior due to the effect of a monsoon from Australia.<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 2  During this period, rainfall can reach 222–252 millimetres (8.7–9.9 in) per month. In the dry season, it drops to 12–18 millimetres (0.47–0.71 in).<a href="#cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">[99]</a>: 5  The country is vulnerable to flooding and landslides that occur as a result of heavy rain, especially when rainfall levels are increased by the <a href="/wiki/La_Ni%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="La Niña">La Niña</a> effect.<a href="#cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">[99]</a>: 13  The mountainous interior is cooler than the coasts.<a href="#cite_note-Molnar2009-99">[97]</a> Coastal areas are heavily dependent on <a href="/wiki/Groundwater" title="Groundwater">groundwater</a>, which faces pressure from mismanagement, <a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">deforestation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Climate_change" title="Climate change">climate change</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">[99]</a>: 14  While the temperature is thought to have experienced a small increase due to climate change, there has been little change in annual rainfall.<a href="#cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">[99]</a>: 6  Coastal ecosystems around the country are diverse and varied, with vary spatially between the north and south coastlines, as well as between the eastern tip and areas more to the west. These ecosystems include <a href="/wiki/Coral_reef" title="Coral reef">coral reefs</a>, as the country's waters are part of the <a href="/wiki/Coral_Triangle" title="Coral Triangle">Coral Triangle</a> biodiversity hotspot.<a href="#cite_note-WBG2009-98">[96]</a>: 28  The easternmost area of East Timor consists of the <a href="/wiki/Paitchau" title="Paitchau">Paitchau</a> Range and the Lake <a href="/wiki/Ira_Lalaro" title="Ira Lalaro">Ira Lalaro</a> area, which contains the country's first conservation area, the <a href="/wiki/Nino_Konis_Santana_National_Park" title="Nino Konis Santana National Park">Nino Konis Santana National Park</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[104]</a> It contains the last remaining <a href="/wiki/Tropical_dry" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical dry">tropical dry</a> forested area within the country. It hosts a number of unique plant and animal species and is sparsely populated.<a href="#cite_note-107">[105]</a> The northern coast is characterised by a number of <a href="/wiki/Coral_reef" title="Coral reef">coral reef</a> systems that have been determined to be at risk.<a href="#cite_note-108">[106]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[107]</a> There are around 41,000 terrestrial plant species in the country. Forests covered 35% of East Timor's land in the mid-2010s.<a href="#cite_note-ADB20162020-110">[108]</a>: 1  The forests of the northern coast, central uplands, and southern coast are distinct.<a href="#cite_note-Deeley2001-100">[98]</a>: 2  East Timor is home to the <a href="/wiki/Timor_and_Wetar_deciduous_forests" title="Timor and Wetar deciduous forests">Timor and Wetar deciduous forests</a> ecoregion.<a href="#cite_note-DinersteinOlson2017-111">[109]</a> There is some environmental protection in law, but it has not been a government priority.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 27 <a href="#cite_note-WBG2009-98">[96]</a>: 10–14  In addition to climate change, local ecosystems are threatened by deforestation, land degradation, overfishing, and pollution.<a href="#cite_note-ADB20162020-110">[108]</a>: 2–3  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fauna">Fauna</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Fauna">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/East_Timor" title="Special:EditPage/East Timor">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2024) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> East Timor's fauna is diverse and contains a number of endemic and threatened species. The Timor and Wetar deciduous forests region, which covers the entire island, has 38 mammal species. East Timor's two endemic mammal species are the <a href="/wiki/Timor_shrew" title="Timor shrew">Timor shrew</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Timorese_horseshoe_bat" title="Timorese horseshoe bat">Timorese horseshoe bat</a>. The country's and region's largest mammal, the <a href="/wiki/Javan_rusa" title="Javan rusa">Javan rusa</a>, and its only native marsupial, the <a href="/wiki/Northern_common_cuscus" title="Northern common cuscus">Northern common cuscus</a>, are both believed to have been introduced to the island in prehistoric times by settlers from the <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda Islands</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">New Guinea</a>, respectively. Other mammals found in East Timor include the <a href="/wiki/Crab-eating_macaque" title="Crab-eating macaque">Crab-eating macaque</a>, a large number of species of bats, and the aquatic mammal, the <a href="/wiki/Dugong" title="Dugong">Dugong</a>. East Timor also has its own native horse breed, the <a href="/wiki/Timor_Pony" title="Timor Pony">Timor pony</a>. East Timor's terrestrial biodiversity is most visible in its native bird species. As of 2022, a total of 289 bird species are found in East Timor. Significantly threatened bird species include the endangered <a href="/wiki/Timor_green_pigeon" title="Timor green pigeon">Timor green pigeon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wetar_ground_dove" title="Wetar ground dove">Wetar ground dove</a> and the critically endangered <a href="/wiki/Yellow-crested_cockatoo" title="Yellow-crested cockatoo">Yellow-crested cockatoo</a>. East Timor has an endemic subspecies of the <a href="/wiki/Iris_lorikeet" title="Iris lorikeet">Iris lorikeet</a>, S. i. rubripileum. Along with the <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, East Timor is one of the countries located in the <a href="/wiki/Coral_Triangle" title="Coral Triangle">Coral Triangle</a>, the site of the most biodiverse coral reefs in the world. In particular, <a href="/wiki/Atauro" title="Atauro">Atauro Island</a>'s coral reefs have been recognized as having the highest average fish biodiversity of any site surveyed, with reef sites off Atauro carrying an average of 253 different species. The highest number of species recorded from a single site in East Timor was 642 different fish species, ranking second out of surveyed sites after Indonesia's <a href="/wiki/Raja_Ampat_Islands" title="Raja Ampat Islands">Raja Ampat Islands</a>.<a href="#cite_note-112">[110]</a> Additionally, the reefs appeared to have suffered limited damage from coral bleaching and rising ocean temperatures compared to other sites in the Coral Triangle.<a href="#cite_note-113">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-114">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[113]</a> However, despite being in relatively pristine condition, the reefs remain threatened by climate change and habitat destruction, especially blast fishing. It is believed that this has most affected large marine species such as sharks; despite the diversity of the reefs, there were a significant lack of sharks recorded in the surveys of 2016. East Timor's isolation and lack of tourism are believed to have helped preserve the reefs, as opposed to tourist-heavy locales such as Bali, where the abundance of tourism has negatively affected the health of the reefs. The Timorese government and local residents of Atauro have made attempts to preserve the reefs through education of local citizens, rejecting harmful development projects, and placing emphasis on traditional laws of preserving nature, called Tara Bandu.<a href="#cite_note-116">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_East_Timor" title="Economy of East Timor">Economy of East Timor</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Economy_of_East_Timor_(nominal_GDP)(previous_and_data).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Graph showing GDP since 2000 peaking at 2012, and beginning to rise again after a subsequent fall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Economy_of_East_Timor_%28nominal_GDP%29%28previous_and_data%29.png/220px-Economy_of_East_Timor_%28nominal_GDP%29%28previous_and_data%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Economy_of_East_Timor_%28nominal_GDP%29%28previous_and_data%29.png/330px-Economy_of_East_Timor_%28nominal_GDP%29%28previous_and_data%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Economy_of_East_Timor_%28nominal_GDP%29%28previous_and_data%29.png/440px-Economy_of_East_Timor_%28nominal_GDP%29%28previous_and_data%29.png 2x" data-file-width="957" data-file-height="611" /></a><figcaption>Nominal GDP of East Timor (previous and data)</figcaption></figure> The economy of East Timor is a <a href="/wiki/Market_economy" title="Market economy">market economy</a>, although it is dependent upon the export of a few commodities<a href="#cite_note-debrowser-117">[115]</a> and has a large public sector. Internally, market operations are limited by widespread poverty.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 20  The country uses the <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">United States dollar</a>, producing <a href="/wiki/East_Timor_centavo_coins" title="East Timor centavo coins">its own coins</a> to facilitate smaller transactions.<a href="#cite_note-118">[116]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[117]</a> The economy is generally open to foreign investment, although a prohibition on foreigners owning land means many require a local partner in the country.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 20  Competition is limited by the small size of the economy, rather than any government barriers. There are far more imports than exports,<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 21  and prices for goods are often higher than in nearby countries.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 27  Inflation is strongly affected by government spending.<a href="#cite_note-Scheiner2021-120">[118]</a>: 257  Growth has been slow, averaging just 2.5% per year from 2011 to 2021.<a href="#cite_note-WBG2021-121">[119]</a>: 24  Most of the country is very poor, with just more than 40% living under the national poverty line. This poverty is especially prevalent in rural areas, where many are subsistence farmers or fishermen. Even in urban areas, the majority are poor. Overall, women are poorer than men, often being employed in lower-paying careers.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 18  <a href="/wiki/Malnutrition" title="Malnutrition">Malnutrition</a> is common, with over half of children showing <a href="/wiki/Stunted_growth" title="Stunted growth">stunted growth</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Scheiner2021-120">[118]</a>: 255  While 91% of married working age (15–49) men were employed as of 2016, only 43% of married working age women were. There are small disparities in favour of men in terms of home and land ownership and owning a bank account.<a href="#cite_note-DHS2018-122">[120]</a>: 14  The eastern three municipalities, which contain around a quarter of the population, has less poverty than the western areas, which contain 50% of the population.<a href="#cite_note-Croissant2020-69">[67]</a>: 214  Sixty-six per cent of families are in part supported by subsistence activities; however, the country as a whole does not produce enough food to be self-sustaining, and thus relies on imports.<a href="#cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">[99]</a>: 16  Agricultural work carries the implication of poverty, and the sector receives little investment from the government.<a href="#cite_note-Scheiner2021-120">[118]</a>: 260  Ninety-four per cent of domestic fish catch comes from the ocean, especially coastal fisheries.<a href="#cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">[99]</a>: 17  Those in the capital of Dili are on average better off, although they remain poor by international standards.<a href="#cite_note-Scheiner2021-120">[118]</a>: 257  The small size of the private sector means the government is often the customer of public businesses. A quarter of the national population works in the <a href="/wiki/Informal_economy" title="Informal economy">informal economy</a>, with the official public and private sectors employing 9% each.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 18  Of those of working age, around 23% are in the <a href="/wiki/Formal_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Formal sector">formal sector</a>, 21% are students, and 27% are subsistence farmers and fishers.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 21  The economy is mostly cash-based, with little commercial credit available from banks.<a href="#cite_note-WBG2021-121">[119]</a>: 11–12  Remittances from overseas workers add up to around $100 million annually.<a href="#cite_note-Scheiner2021-120">[118]</a>: 257  <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Timor_Lorosa%27e_centavo_coin_-2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Four coins with the official name of East Timor surrounding various motifs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Timor_Lorosa%27e_centavo_coin_-2.JPG/170px-Timor_Lorosa%27e_centavo_coin_-2.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Timor_Lorosa%27e_centavo_coin_-2.JPG/255px-Timor_Lorosa%27e_centavo_coin_-2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Timor_Lorosa%27e_centavo_coin_-2.JPG/340px-Timor_Lorosa%27e_centavo_coin_-2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2009" data-file-height="2073" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/East_Timor_centavo_coins" title="East Timor centavo coins">Fractional coins</a>, "centavos", used locally as part of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">United States dollar</a></figcaption></figure> This poverty belies significant wealth in terms of natural resources, which at the time of independence had per capita value equivalent to the wealth of an upper-middle income country. Over half of this was in oil, and over a quarter natural gas. The <a href="/wiki/Timor-Leste_Petroleum_Fund" title="Timor-Leste Petroleum Fund">Timor-Leste Petroleum Fund</a> was established in 2005 to turn these non-renewable resources into a more sustainable form of wealth.<a href="#cite_note-WBG2009-98">[96]</a>: 4–6  From 2005 to 2021, $23 billion earned from oil sales has entered the fund. $8 billion has been generated from investments, while $12 billion has been spent.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 30  A decrease in oil and gas reserves led to decreasing <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> beginning in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 18–19  Eighty per cent of government spending comes from this fund, which as of 2021 had $19 billion, 10 times greater than the size of the national budget. As oil income has decreased, the fund is at risk of being exhausted. Withdrawals have exceeded sustainable levels almost every year since 2009.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 23  Resources within the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bayu-Undan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bayu-Undan (page does not exist)">Bayu-Undan</a> field are expected to soon run out, while extracting those within the so far undeveloped <a href="/w/index.php?title=Greater_Sunrise&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greater Sunrise (page does not exist)">Greater Sunrise</a> field has proven technically and politically challenging. Remaining potential reserves are also losing value as oil and gas become less favoured sources of energy.<a href="#cite_note-Scheiner2021-120">[118]</a>: 264–272 <a href="#cite_note-123">[121]</a> The country's economy is dependent on government spending and, to a lesser extent, assistance from foreign donors.<a href="#cite_note-us-dos-124">[122]</a> Government spending decreased beginning in 2012, which had knock-on effects in the private sector over the following years. The government and its state-owned oil company often invest in large private projects. Decreasing government spending was matched with a decrease in GDP growth.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 18  After the petroleum fund, the second largest source of government income is taxes. Tax revenue is less than 8% of GDP, lower than many other countries in the region and with similarly sized economies. Other government income comes from 23 "autonomous agencies", which include port authorities, infrastructure companies, and the <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_East_Timor" title="National University of East Timor">National University of East Timor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-WBG2021-121">[119]</a>: 13, 28–309  Overall, government spending remains among the highest in the world,<a href="#cite_note-WBG2021-121">[119]</a>: 12  although investment into education, health, and water infrastructure is negligible.<a href="#cite_note-Scheiner2021-120">[118]</a>: 260  Private sector development has lagged due to human capital shortages, infrastructure weakness, an incomplete legal system, and an inefficient regulatory environment.<a href="#cite_note-us-dos-124">[122]</a> Property rights remain ill-defined, with conflicting titles from Portuguese and Indonesian rule, as well as needing to accommodate traditional customary rights.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 23  As of 2010, 87.7% of urban (321,043 people) and 18.9% of rural (821,459 people) households have electricity, for an overall average of 38.2%.<a href="#cite_note-125">[123]</a> The private sector shrank between 2014 and 2018, despite a growing working age population. Agriculture and manufacturing are less productive per capita than at independence.<a href="#cite_note-Scheiner2021-120">[118]</a>: 255–256  Non-oil economic sectors have failed to develop,<a href="#cite_note-126">[124]</a> and growth in construction and administration is dependent on oil revenue.<a href="#cite_note-Scheiner2021-120">[118]</a>: 256  The dependence on oil shows some aspects of a <a href="/wiki/Resource_curse" title="Resource curse">resource curse</a>.<a href="#cite_note-127">[125]</a> Coffee made up 90% of all non-fossil fuel exports from 2013 to 2019, with all such exports totalling to around US$20 million annually.<a href="#cite_note-Scheiner2021-120">[118]</a>: 257  In 2017, the country was visited by 75,000 tourists.<a href="#cite_note-128">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_East_Timor" title="Demographics of East Timor">Demographics of East Timor</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Timor-Lestepop.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Population graph showing a significant youth bulge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Timor-Lestepop.svg/220px-Timor-Lestepop.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Timor-Lestepop.svg/330px-Timor-Lestepop.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Timor-Lestepop.svg/440px-Timor-Lestepop.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Population pyramid</figcaption></figure> East Timor recorded a population of 1,183,643 in its 2015 census,<a href="#cite_note-census-5">[5]</a> which rose to 1,341,737 at the 2022 census.<a href="#cite_note-Census2022-129">[127]</a>: 23  The population lives mainly along the coastline, where all urban areas are located.<a href="#cite_note-WBG2009-98">[96]</a>: 27  Those in urban areas generally have more formal education, employment prospects, and healthcare. While a strong gender disparity exists throughout the country, it is less severe in the urban capital. The wealthy minority often go abroad for health, education and other purposes.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 25  The population is young, with the median age being under 20.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 29  In particular, a large proportion of the male population over 14 (almost 45% in 2015) are between the ages of 15 and 24, the third largest male 'youth bulge' in the world.<a href="#cite_note-Croissant2020-69">[67]</a>: 212  The Government of Timor-Leste's website lists the English-language demonym for East Timor as Timorese.<a href="#cite_note-130">[128]</a> Other reference sources list it as East Timorese.<a href="#cite_note-131">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-132">[130]</a> The word <a href="/w/index.php?title=Maubere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maubere (page does not exist)">Maubere</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maubere" class="extiw" title="de:Maubere">de</a>] formerly used by the Portuguese to refer to native East Timorese and often employed as synonymous with the illiterate and uneducated, was adopted by <a href="/wiki/Fretilin" title="Fretilin">Fretilin</a> as a term of pride.<a href="#cite_note-133">[131]</a> <a href="/wiki/Health_in_East_Timor" title="Health in East Timor">Healthcare</a> received 6% of the national budget in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 24  From 1990 to 2019 <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">life expectancy</a> rose from 48.5 to 69.5. Expected years of schooling rose from 9.8 to 12.4 between 2000 and 2010, while mean years of schooling rose from 2.8 to 4.4. Progress since 2010 for these has been limited. <a href="/wiki/Gross_national_income" title="Gross national income">Gross national income</a> per capita similarly peaked in 2010, and has decreased since.<a href="#cite_note-UNDPHDR2020-134">[132]</a>: 3  As of 2016, 45.8% of East Timorese were <a href="/wiki/Multidimensional_Poverty_Index" title="Multidimensional Poverty Index">impoverished</a>, 16.3% severely so.<a href="#cite_note-UNDPHDR2020-134">[132]</a>: 6  The <a href="/wiki/Fertility_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Fertility rate">fertility rate</a>, which at the time of independence was the highest in the world at 7.8,<a href="#cite_note-135">[133]</a> dropped to 4.2 by 2016. It is relatively higher in rural areas, and among poorer<a href="#cite_note-DHS2018-122">[120]</a>: 3  and less literate households.<a href="#cite_note-136">[134]</a> As of 2016, the average household size was 5.3, with 41% of people aged under 15, and 18% of households headed by women.<a href="#cite_note-DHS2018-122">[120]</a>: 2  <a href="/wiki/Infant_mortality" title="Infant mortality">Infant mortality</a> stood at 30 per 1,000, down from 60 per 1,000 in 2003.<a href="#cite_note-DHS2018-122">[120]</a>: 7  46% of children under 5 showed <a href="/wiki/Stunted_growth" title="Stunted growth">stunted growth</a>, down from 58% in 2010. Working age adult obesity increased from 5% to 10% during the same time period. As of 2016, 40% of children, 23% of women, and 13% of men had <a href="/wiki/Anemia" title="Anemia">anemia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DHS2018-122">[120]</a>: 11  <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;">Largest cities and towns in East Timor <div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citypopulation.de/en/timor/cities/">www.citypopulation.de/en/timor/cities/</a></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Rank </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in East Timor">Name</a> </th> <th>Municipalities </th> <th>Pop. </th></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Dili_Municipality" title="Dili Municipality">Dili</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">244,584 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Baucau" title="Baucau">Baucau</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Baucau_Municipality" title="Baucau Municipality">Baucau</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">17,357 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Maliana" title="Maliana">Maliana</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bobonaro_Municipality" title="Bobonaro Municipality">Bobonaro</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,787 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Lospalos" title="Lospalos">Lospalos</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Laut%C3%A9m_Municipality" title="Lautém Municipality">Lautém</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,471 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pante_Macassar" title="Pante Macassar">Pante Macassar</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Oecusse" title="Oecusse">Oecusse</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,421 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Suai,_East_Timor" title="Suai, East Timor">Suai</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Cova_Lima_Municipality" title="Cova Lima Municipality">Cova Lima</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">9,130 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ermera" title="Ermera">Ermera</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ermera_Municipality" title="Ermera Municipality">Ermera</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">8,045 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Same,_East_Timor" title="Same, East Timor">Same</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Manufahi_Municipality" title="Manufahi Municipality">Manufahi</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">7,332 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Viqueque" title="Viqueque">Viqueque</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Viqueque_Municipality" title="Viqueque Municipality">Viqueque</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,530 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ainaro" title="Ainaro">Ainaro</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ainaro_Municipality" title="Ainaro Municipality">Ainaro</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,250 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnicity_and_language">Ethnicity and language</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Ethnicity and language">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_East_Timor" title="Languages of East Timor">Languages of East Timor</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sprachen_Osttimors-en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Map showing a mosaic of languages across the country" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Sprachen_Osttimors-en.png/300px-Sprachen_Osttimors-en.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Sprachen_Osttimors-en.png/450px-Sprachen_Osttimors-en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Sprachen_Osttimors-en.png/600px-Sprachen_Osttimors-en.png 2x" data-file-width="1354" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Major language groups in East Timor by <a href="/wiki/Sucos_of_East_Timor" title="Sucos of East Timor">suco</a></figcaption></figure> Timorese communities are not strictly defined by ethnic background or linguistic group. Separate communities may share ethnicity or language, and many areas show overlaps and hybridisation between ethnic and linguistic groups.<a href="#cite_note-Scambary2019-96">[94]</a>: 44  Familial relations and descent, which are interlinked with sacred house affiliation, are a more important indicator of identity.<a href="#cite_note-Scambary2019-96">[94]</a>: 47  Each family group generally identifies with a single language or dialect.<a href="#cite_note-Scambary2019-96">[94]</a>: 49  With this immense local variation in mind, there is a broad cultural and identity distinction between the east (Bacau, Lautém, and Viqueque Municipalities) and the west of the country, a product of history more than it is of linguistic and ethnic differences,<a href="#cite_note-Scambary2019-96">[94]</a>: 45–47  although it is very loosely associated with the two language groups.<a href="#cite_note-Kingsbury2010-137">[135]</a>: 142–143  There is a small <a href="/wiki/Mesti%C3%A7o" title="Mestiço">mestiço</a> population of mixed Portuguese and local descent.<a href="#cite_note-Boac2001-138">[136]</a> There is also a small <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese" title="Overseas Chinese">Chinese</a> minority, most of whom are <a href="/wiki/Hakka_people#East_Timor" title="Hakka people">Hakka</a>.<a href="#cite_note-139">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[138]</a> Many Chinese left in the mid-1970s as many were disproportionately targeted during the Indonesian occupation, but a significant number have also returned to East Timor following the end of Indonesian occupation.<a href="#cite_note-141">[139]</a> East Timor has a small community of Timorese Indian, specifically of <a href="/wiki/Goans" title="Goans">Goan</a> descent,<a href="#cite_note-142">[140]</a> as well as historical immigration from Africa and <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Boac2001-138">[136]</a> Members of these immigrant minority groups have played important roles in East Timor's history: Nobel Peace Prize laureate, former Prime Minister, and current President <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos-Horta" title="José Ramos-Horta">José Ramos-Horta</a>, and current Prime Minister and former President <a href="/wiki/Xanana_Gusm%C3%A3o" title="Xanana Gusmão">Xanana Gusmão</a> are both of Portuguese-Timorese mestiço background, while former Prime Minister and FRETILIN secretary-general <a href="/wiki/Mari_Alkatiri" title="Mari Alkatiri">Mari Alkatiri</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Hadhrami_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadhrami people">Hadhrami Arab</a> whose ancestors were from Yemen.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Likely reflecting the mixed origins of the different ethnolinguistic groups of the island, the indigenous languages fall into two language families: <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_languages" title="Austronesian languages">Austronesian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Papuan_languages" title="Papuan languages">Papuan</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 10  Depending on how they are classified, there are up to 19 indigenous languages with up to 30 dialects.<a href="#cite_note-Kingsbury2010-137">[135]</a>: 136  Aside from Tetum, <a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a> lists the following indigenous languages: <a href="/wiki/Adabe_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Adabe language">Adabe</a>, Baikeno, Bunak, Fataluku, <a href="/wiki/Galoli_language" title="Galoli language">Galoli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Habun_language" title="Habun language">Habun</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idat%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Idaté">Idaté</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kairui-Midiki_language" title="Kairui-Midiki language">Kairui-Midiki</a>, Kemak, <a href="/wiki/Lakalei_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakalei language">Lakalei</a>, Makasae, <a href="/wiki/Makuv%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Makuv'a">Makuv'a</a>, Mambae, <a href="/wiki/Nauete_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Nauete language">Nauete</a>, Tukudede, and <a href="/wiki/Waima%27a_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Waima'a language">Waima'a</a>.<a href="#cite_note-143">[141]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Atlas_of_the_World%27s_Languages_in_Danger" title="Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger">Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger</a>, there are six endangered languages in East Timor: <a href="/wiki/Adabe" class="mw-redirect" title="Adabe">Adabe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Habu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Habu language">Habu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kairui-Midiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Kairui-Midiki">Kairui-Midiki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maku%27a_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Maku'a language">Maku'a</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naueti_language" title="Naueti language">Naueti</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Waima%27a_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Waima'a language">Waima'a</a>.<a href="#cite_note-144">[142]</a> The largest <a href="/wiki/Malayo-Polynesian_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Malayo-Polynesian peoples">Malayo-Polynesian</a> group is the <a href="/wiki/Tetum_language" title="Tetum language">Tetum</a>,<a href="#cite_note-145">[143]</a> mostly around Dili or the western border. Other Malayo-Polynesian languages with native speakers of more than 40,000 are <a href="/wiki/Mambai_language_(Timor)" title="Mambai language (Timor)">Mambai</a> in the central mountains south of Dili, <a href="/wiki/Baikeno" class="mw-redirect" title="Baikeno">Baikeno</a> in Oecusse, <a href="/wiki/Kemak_language" title="Kemak language">Kemak</a> in the north-west interior, and <a href="/wiki/Tokodede_language" title="Tokodede language">Tokodede</a> on the northwest coast.<a href="#cite_note-146">[144]</a><a href="#cite_note-147">[145]</a> The main <a href="/wiki/Papuan_languages" title="Papuan languages">Papuan languages</a> spoken are <a href="/wiki/Bunak_language" title="Bunak language">Bunak</a> in the centre of Timor, especially within <a href="/wiki/Bobonaro_Municipality" title="Bobonaro Municipality">Bobonaro Municipality</a>; <a href="/wiki/Makasae" class="mw-redirect" title="Makasae">Makasae</a> in the eastern <a href="/wiki/Baucau_Municipality" title="Baucau Municipality">Baucau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Viqueque_Municipality" title="Viqueque Municipality">Viqueque</a> municipalities; and <a href="/wiki/Fataluku_language" title="Fataluku language">Fataluku</a> in the eastern <a href="/wiki/Laut%C3%A9m_Municipality" title="Lautém Municipality">Lautém Municipality</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Scambary2019-96">[94]</a>: 43  The 2015 census found that the most commonly spoken <a href="/wiki/Mother_tongue" class="mw-redirect" title="Mother tongue">mother tongues</a> were <a href="/wiki/Tetum_language" title="Tetum language">Tetum Prasa</a> (mother tongue for 30.6% of the population), <a href="/wiki/Mambai_language_(Timor)" title="Mambai language (Timor)">Mambai</a> (16.6%), <a href="/wiki/Makasai" class="mw-redirect" title="Makasai">Makasai</a> (10.5%), <a href="/wiki/Tetum_language" title="Tetum language">Tetum Terik</a> (6.05%), <a href="/wiki/Baikenu" class="mw-redirect" title="Baikenu">Baikenu</a> (5.87%), <a href="/wiki/Kemak_language" title="Kemak language">Kemak</a> (5.85%), <a href="/wiki/Bunak_language" title="Bunak language">Bunak</a> (5.48%), <a href="/wiki/Tokodede" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokodede">Tokodede</a> (3.97%), and <a href="/wiki/Fataluku_language" title="Fataluku language">Fataluku</a> (3.52%). Other indigenous languages accounted for 10.47%, while 1.09% of the population spoke foreign languages natively.<a href="#cite_note-148">[146]</a> An extinct Portuguese creole language, <a href="/wiki/Bidau_Creole_Portuguese" title="Bidau Creole Portuguese">Bidau Creole Portuguese</a>, was spoken in the Dili suburb of Bidau, Nain Feto, spoken by the Portuguese-Timorese mestiço population; it went extinct by the 1960s. A dialect of Malay-based local creole called <a href="/wiki/Malay_trade_and_creole_languages#Dili_Malay" title="Malay trade and creole languages">Dili Malay</a> is spoken by a number of residents in the capital <a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] East Timor's two official languages are <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tetum_language" title="Tetum language">Tetum</a>. In addition, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a> are designated by the constitution as "working languages".<a href="#cite_note-Berlie2017ch1-97">[95]</a>: 3 <a href="#cite_note-thejakartapost.com-149">[147]</a> This is within the Final and Transitional Provisions, which do not set a final date. In 2012, 35% could speak, read, and write Portuguese, which is up significantly from less than 5% in the 2006 UN Development Report. Portuguese is recovering as it has now been made the main official language of Timor, and is being taught in most schools.<a href="#cite_note-thejakartapost.com-149">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[148]</a> The use of Portuguese for government information and in the court system provides some barriers to access for those who do not speak it.<a href="#cite_note-FreedomHouse2021-68">[66]</a> Tetum is also not understood by everyone in the country.<a href="#cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">[26]</a>: 11  According to the Observatory of the Portuguese Language, the East Timorese literacy rate was 77.8% in Tetum, 55.6% in Indonesian, and 39.3% in Portuguese, and that the primary literacy rate increased from 73% in 2009 to 83% in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-ILLP-151">[149]</a> According to the 2015 census, 50% of the population between the ages of 14 and 24 can speak and understand Portuguese.<a href="#cite_note-152">[150]</a> The 2015 census found around 15% of those over the age of five were literate in English.<a href="#cite_note-153">[151]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portuguese_School_of_D%C3%ADli,_Timor-Leste.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A classroom with schoolchildren and teachers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portuguese_School_of_D%C3%ADli%2C_Timor-Leste.jpg/220px-Portuguese_School_of_D%C3%ADli%2C_Timor-Leste.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portuguese_School_of_D%C3%ADli%2C_Timor-Leste.jpg/330px-Portuguese_School_of_D%C3%ADli%2C_Timor-Leste.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Portuguese_School_of_D%C3%ADli%2C_Timor-Leste.jpg/440px-Portuguese_School_of_D%C3%ADli%2C_Timor-Leste.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3344" data-file-height="1872" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Escola_Portuguesa_Ruy_Cinatti" title="Escola Portuguesa Ruy Cinatti">Escola Portuguesa Ruy Cinatti</a>, the Portuguese School of Díli</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Baucau_Teachers_College" title="Baucau Teachers College">Baucau Teachers College</a></div> East Timor's adult <a href="/wiki/Literacy" title="Literacy">literacy</a> rate was 68% among adults, and 84% among those aged 15–24, as of 2021. It is slightly higher among women than men.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 27  More girls than boys attend school, although some drop out upon reaching puberty.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 25  As of 2016 22% of working age women (15–49) and 19% of working age men had no education, 15% of women and 18% of men had some primary education, 52% of women and 51% of men had some secondary education, and 11% of women and 12% of men had higher education. Overall, 75% of women and 82% of men were literate.<a href="#cite_note-DHS2018-122">[120]</a>: 2  Primary schools exist throughout the country, although the quality of materials and teaching is often poor. Secondary schools are generally limited to municipal capitals. Education takes up 10% of the national budget.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 27  The country's main university is the <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_East_Timor" title="National University of East Timor">National University of East Timor</a>. There are also four colleges.<a href="#cite_note-robinson-154">[152]</a> Since independence, both <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a> and Tetum have lost ground as <a href="/wiki/Medium_of_instruction" title="Medium of instruction">media of instruction</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> has increased: in 2001 only 8.4% of primary school and 6.8% of secondary school students attended a Portuguese-medium school; by 2005 this had increased to 81.6% for primary and 46.3% for secondary schools.<a href="#cite_note-edulang-155">[153]</a> Indonesian formerly played a considerable role in education, being used by 73.7% of all secondary school students as a medium of instruction, but by 2005 Portuguese was used by most schools in <a href="/wiki/Baucau_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Baucau District">Baucau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manatuto_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Manatuto District">Manatuto</a>, as well as the capital district.<a href="#cite_note-edulang-155">[153]</a> Portugal provides support to about 3% of the public schools in East Timor, focused on those in urban areas, further encouraging the use of the Portuguese language.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 28  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_East_Timor" title="Religion in East Timor">Religion in East Timor</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:8-Igreja_da_Imaculada_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Viqueque_2015-08-22.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A large white church with a mass of people in front of it" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/8-Igreja_da_Imaculada_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Viqueque_2015-08-22.jpg/220px-8-Igreja_da_Imaculada_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Viqueque_2015-08-22.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/8-Igreja_da_Imaculada_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Viqueque_2015-08-22.jpg/330px-8-Igreja_da_Imaculada_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Viqueque_2015-08-22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/8-Igreja_da_Imaculada_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Viqueque_2015-08-22.jpg/440px-8-Igreja_da_Imaculada_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Viqueque_2015-08-22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Igreja da Imaculada Conceição church, in <a href="/wiki/Viqueque_Municipality" title="Viqueque Municipality">Viqueque</a></figcaption></figure> While the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_East_Timor" title="Constitution of East Timor">Constitution of East Timor</a> enshrines the principles of <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion" title="Freedom of religion">freedom of religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state" title="Separation of church and state">separation of church and state</a>, Section 45 Comma 1 also acknowledges "the participation of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> in the process of national liberation" in its preamble.<a href="#cite_note-constitution-156">[154]</a> Upon independence, the country joined the <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a> to become the only two predominantly Catholic states in Asia, although nearby parts of eastern Indonesia such as <a href="/wiki/Flores" title="Flores">Flores</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Western_New_Guinea" title="Western New Guinea">Western New Guinea</a> also have Catholic majorities.<a href="#cite_note-157">[155]</a><a href="#cite_note-158">[156]</a> According to the 2022 census, 97.6% of the population is <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_East_Timor" title="Catholic Church in East Timor">Catholic</a>; 1.979% <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Church_in_East_Timor" title="Protestant Church in East Timor">Protestant</a>; 0.24% <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in East Timor">Muslim</a>; 0.08% Traditional; 0.05% Buddhist; 0.02% <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_East_Timor" title="Hinduism in East Timor">Hindu</a>, and 0.08% other religions.<a href="#cite_note-religion-1">[1]</a> A 2016 survey conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Demographic_and_Health_Survey" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographic and Health Survey">Demographic and Health Survey</a> programme showed that Catholics made up 98.3% of the population, Protestants 1.2%, and Muslims 0.3%.<a href="#cite_note-DHS_2013-159">[157]</a> The number of churches grew from 100 in 1974 to more than 800 in 1994,<a href="#cite_note-robinson-154">[152]</a> with Church membership having grown considerably under <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesian</a> rule as <a href="/wiki/Pancasila_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pancasila Indonesia">Pancasila</a>, Indonesia's state ideology, requires all citizens to believe in <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a> and historically did not recognise traditional beliefs. East Timorese <a href="/wiki/Animist" class="mw-redirect" title="Animist">animist</a> belief systems did not fit with <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Indonesia" title="Constitution of Indonesia">Indonesia's constitutional</a> <a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">monotheism</a>, resulting in mass conversions to <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>. Portuguese clergy were replaced with Indonesian priests and <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> Mass was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a> Mass.<a href="#cite_note-Taylor,_Jean_Gelman_2003,_p.381-160">[158]</a> While just 20% of East Timorese called themselves Catholics at the time of the 1975 invasion, the figure surged to reach 95% by the end of the first decade after the invasion.<a href="#cite_note-Taylor,_Jean_Gelman_2003,_p.381-160">[158]</a><a href="#cite_note-161">[159]</a> The Catholic Church divides East Timor into <a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_Catholic_dioceses_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Roman Catholic dioceses in East Timor">three dioceses</a>: the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_D%C3%ADli" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Díli">Archdiocese of Díli</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Baucau" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Baucau">Diocese of Baucau</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Maliana" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Maliana">Diocese of Maliana</a>.<a href="#cite_note-162">[160]</a> In rural areas, Catholicism is often <a href="/wiki/Religious_syncretism" title="Religious syncretism">syncretised</a> with local animist beliefs.<a href="#cite_note-163">[161]</a> The number of Timorese Protestants and Muslims declined significantly after September 1999, as these groups were disproportionately represented among supporters of integration with Indonesia. Fewer than half of previous Protestant congregations existed after September 1999, and many Protestants were among those who remained in <a href="/wiki/West_Timor" title="West Timor">West Timor</a>.<a href="#cite_note-report-164">[162]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Culture">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_East_Timor" title="Culture of East Timor">Culture of East Timor</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Timorese_Dancers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Two women dancing in traditional outfits incorporating feathers and tais cloth" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Timorese_Dancers.jpg/170px-Timorese_Dancers.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Timorese_Dancers.jpg/255px-Timorese_Dancers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Timorese_Dancers.jpg/340px-Timorese_Dancers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Traditional Timorese dancers</figcaption></figure> The many cultures within East Timor stem from the several waves of <a href="/wiki/Austronesian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Austronesian people">Austronesian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesian</a> migration that led to the current population, with unique identities and traditions developing within each <a href="/wiki/Petty_kingdom" title="Petty kingdom">petty kingdom</a>. Portuguese authorities built upon traditional structures, blending Portuguese influence into the existing political and social systems.<a href="#cite_note-Paulino2011-31">[29]</a>: 91–92  The presence of the Catholic Church created a point of commonality across the various ethnic groups, despite full conversion remaining limited. The Portuguese language also provided common linkages, even if direct Portuguese impact was limited.<a href="#cite_note-Paulino2011-31">[29]</a>: 97–98  Under Indonesian rule, resistance strengthened cultural links to Catholicism and the Portuguese language. At the same time, Indonesian cultural influence was spread through schools and administration.<a href="#cite_note-Paulino2011-31">[29]</a>: 98–99  The preservation of traditional beliefs in the face of Indonesian attempts to suppress them became linked to the creation of the country's <a href="/wiki/National_identity" title="National identity">national identity</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Berlie2017ch1-97">[95]</a>: 7–13  This national identity only began to emerge at the very end of Portuguese rule, and further developed during Indonesian rule.<a href="#cite_note-Kingsbury2010-137">[135]</a>: 134–136  Following independence, a <a href="/wiki/Civic_nationalism" title="Civic nationalism">civic identity</a> began to develop. This was most clearly expressed through enthusiasm for national-level democracy,<a href="#cite_note-Kingsbury2010-137">[135]</a>: 155–156  and was reflected in politics through a shift from resistance narratives to development ones.<a href="#cite_note-Leach2016-165">[163]</a>: 3  The capital has developed a more cosmopolitan culture, while <a href="/wiki/Rural_area" title="Rural area">rural areas</a> maintain stronger traditional practices.<a href="#cite_note-BTI2022-67">[65]</a>: 30  <a href="/wiki/Internal_migration" title="Internal migration">Internal migration</a> into <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">urban areas</a>, especially Dili, creates cultural links between these areas and rural hinterlands. Those in urban areas often continue to identify with a specific rural area, even those with multiple generations born in Dili.<a href="#cite_note-Scambary2019-96">[94]</a>: 53–54  The presence of so many ethnic and linguistic groups means cultural practices vary across the country.<a href="#cite_note-Berlie2017ch1-97">[95]</a>: 11  These practices reflect historical social structures and practices, where political leaders were regarded as having spiritual powers. Ancestry was an important part of cultural practices, and partly signified leadership. Leaders often had influence over <a href="/wiki/Land_use" title="Land use">land use</a>, and these leaders continue to play an informal role in land disputes and other aspects of community practice today. An important traditional concept is lulik, or sacredness. Some lulik ceremonies continue to reflect animist beliefs, for example through divination ceremonies which vary throughout the country. Sacred status can also be associated with objects, such as Portuguese flags which have been passed down within families.<a href="#cite_note-Berlie2017ch1-97">[95]</a>: 7–13  <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lospalos_klein.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A wooden house on stilts with a thatch roof" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Lospalos_klein.jpg/170px-Lospalos_klein.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Lospalos_klein.jpg/255px-Lospalos_klein.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Lospalos_klein.jpg/340px-Lospalos_klein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1188" data-file-height="1732" /></a><figcaption>Sacred house (lee teinu) in <a href="/wiki/Lospalos" title="Lospalos">Lospalos</a></figcaption></figure> Community life is centred around sacred houses (Uma Lulik), physical structures which serve as a representative symbol and identifier for each community.<a href="#cite_note-Scambary2019-96">[94]</a>: 47–49  The architectural style of these houses varies between different parts of the country, although following widespread destruction by Indonesian forces many were rebuilt with cheap modern materials.<a href="#cite_note-UWA2022-166">[164]</a>: 22–25  The house as a concept extends beyond the physical object to the surrounding community.<a href="#cite_note-Paulino2011-31">[29]</a>: 92–93, 96  <a href="/wiki/Kinship" title="Kinship">Kinship</a> systems exist within and between houses. Traditional leaders, who stem from historically important families, retain key roles in administering justice and resolving disputes through methods that vary between communities.<a href="#cite_note-Scambary2019-96">[94]</a>: 47–49  Such leaders are often elected to official leadership positions, merging cultural and historical status with modern political status.<a href="#cite_note-Scambary2019-96">[94]</a>: 52  The concept of being part of a communal house has been extended to the nation, with Parliament serving as the national sacred house.<a href="#cite_note-Paulino2011-31">[29]</a>: 96  Art styles vary throughout the various ethnolinguistic groups of the island. Nonetheless, similar artistic motifs are present throughout, such as large animals and particular geometric patterns. Some art is traditionally associated with particular genders.<a href="#cite_note-167">[165]</a> For example, the <a href="/wiki/Tais" title="Tais">Tais</a> textiles that play a widespread role in traditional life throughout the island are traditionally handwoven by women.<a href="#cite_note-168">[166]</a> Different tais patterns are associated with different communities, and more broadly with linguistic groups.<a href="#cite_note-Kingsbury2010-137">[135]</a>: 137  Many buildings within central Dili maintain historical Portuguese architecture.<a href="#cite_note-JICA2016-169">[167]</a>: I-5  Traditional rituals remain important, often mixed in with more modern aspects.<a href="#cite_note-Kingsbury2010-137">[135]</a>: 137  A strong <a href="/wiki/Oral_history" title="Oral history">oral history</a> is highlighted in individuals able to recite long stories or poetry.<a href="#cite_note-170">[168]</a> This history, or Lia nain, passes down traditional knowledge.<a href="#cite_note-UWA2022-166">[164]</a>: 16  There remains a strong tradition of poetry.<a href="#cite_note-171">[169]</a> Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão, for example, is a distinguished poet, earning the moniker "poet warrior".<a href="#cite_note-poetxan-172">[170]</a> In the field of cinema, East Timor released its first feature-length film, a period thriller titled <a href="/wiki/Beatriz%27s_War" title="Beatriz's War">Beatriz's War</a>, in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-SMH-173">[171]</a> Shot with a limited budget by a mix of local filmmakers and a volunteer Australian film crew, the film depicted East Timorese life under Indonesian occupation in the 1970s, with producer Lurdes Pires acknowledging their aim to diverge from the government's "friendship and forgiveness" policy for its past conflicts by telling a story of truth-seeking and justice.<a href="#cite_note-174">[172]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/32px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/48px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/64px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:East_Timor" title="Portal:East Timor">East Timor portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/56px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a><a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_East_Timor" title="Outline of East Timor">Outline of East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_East_Timor-related_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Index of East Timor-related articles">Index of East Timor-related articles</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈtiːmɔːr/</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/3d\/En-us-East_Timor.ogg\/En-us-East_Timor.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-East Timor.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3d/En-us-East_Timor.ogg/En-us-East_Timor.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-East_Timor.ogg" title="File:En-us-East Timor.ogg">ⓘ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">TEE-mor</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˌtimɔːrˈlɛsteɪ, -lɛst/</a>, <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key">TEE-mor-LESS-tay</a>;<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>Portuguese pronunciation: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[tiˈmoɾ ˈlɛʃtɨ]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-religion-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-religion_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-religion_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190714155507/http://www.statistics.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/3_2015-V2-Nationality-Citizenship-Religion.xls">"Nationality, Citizenship, and Religion"</a>. Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/3_2015-V2-Nationality-Citizenship-Religion.xls">the original</a> on 14 July 2019. Retrieved 29 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nationality%2C+Citizenship%2C+and+Religion&rft.pub=Government+of+Timor-Leste&rft.date=2015-10-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gov.tl%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F11%2F3_2015-V2-Nationality-Citizenship-Religion.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHicks2014" class="citation book cs1">Hicks, David (15 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EEKDBAAAQBAJ&q=east+timor+maubere&pg=PA199">Rhetoric and the Decolonization and Recolonization of East Timor</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317695356" title="Special:BookSources/9781317695356"><bdi>9781317695356</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326152310/https://books.google.com/books?id=EEKDBAAAQBAJ&q=east+timor+maubere&pg=PA199">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2020 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rhetoric+and+the+Decolonization+and+Recolonization+of+East+Timor&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014-09-15&rft.isbn=9781317695356&rft.aulast=Hicks&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEEKDBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Deast%2Btimor%2Bmaubere%26pg%3DPA199&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdelman2011" class="citation book cs1">Adelman, Howard (28 June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WRpHAAAAQBAJ&q=east+timor+maubere&pg=PA281">No Return, No Refuge: Rites and Rights in Minority Repatriation</a>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780231526906" title="Special:BookSources/9780231526906"><bdi>9780231526906</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326152323/https://books.google.com/books?id=WRpHAAAAQBAJ&q=east+timor+maubere&pg=PA281">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 12 October 2020 – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+Return%2C+No+Refuge%3A+Rites+and+Rights+in+Minority+Repatriation&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2011-06-28&rft.isbn=9780231526906&rft.aulast=Adelman&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWRpHAAAAQBAJ%26q%3Deast%2Btimor%2Bmaubere%26pg%3DPA281&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Divided-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Divided_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Divided_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Divided_4-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShoesmith2003" class="citation journal cs1">Shoesmith, Dennis (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://espace.cdu.edu.au/view/cdu:1248">"Timor-Leste: Divided Leadership in a Semi-Presidential System"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Asian_Survey" title="Asian Survey">Asian Survey</a>. 43 (2): 231–252. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fas.2003.43.2.231">10.1525/as.2003.43.2.231</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-4687">0004-4687</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414231057/http://espace.cdu.edu.au/view/cdu:1248">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 24 August 2020. <q>The semi-presidential system in the new state of Timor-Leste has institutionalized a political struggle between the president, Xanana Gusmão, and the prime minister, Mari Alkatiri. This has polarized political alliances and threatens the viability of the new state. This paper explains the ideological divisions and the history of rivalry between these two key political actors. The adoption of Marxism by Fretilin in 1977 led to Gusmão's repudiation of the party in the 1980s and his decision to remove Falintil, the guerrilla movement, from Fretilin control. The power struggle between the two leaders is then examined in the transition to independence. This includes an account of the politicization of the defense and police forces and attempts by Minister of Internal Administration Rogério Lobato to use disaffected Falintil veterans as a counterforce to the Gusmão loyalists in the army. The December 4, 2002, Dili riots are explained in the context of this political struggle.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asian+Survey&rft.atitle=Timor-Leste%3A+Divided+Leadership+in+a+Semi-Presidential+System&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=231-252&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fas.2003.43.2.231&rft.issn=0004-4687&rft.aulast=Shoesmith&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fespace.cdu.edu.au%2Fview%2Fcdu%3A1248&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-census-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-census_5-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200125141940/http://www.statistics.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/2_2015-V2-Population-by-Age-Sex.xls">"Population by Age & Sex"</a>. Government of Timor-Leste. 25 October 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statistics.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/2_2015-V2-Population-by-Age-Sex.xls">the original</a> on 25 January 2020. Retrieved 29 January 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+by+Age+%26+Sex&rft.pub=Government+of+Timor-Leste&rft.date=2015-10-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statistics.gov.tl%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2016%2F11%2F2_2015-V2-Population-by-Age-Sex.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-imf.org-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-imf.org_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf.org_6-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf.org_6-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf.org_6-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/weo-database/2023/October/weo-report?c=537,&s=NGDPD,PPPGDP,NGDPDPC,PPPPC,&sy=2022&ey=2024&ssm=0&scsm=1&scc=0&ssd=1&ssc=0&sic=0&sort=country&ds=.&br=1">"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023"</a>. IMF.org. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>. October 2023. Retrieved 10 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IMF.org&rft.atitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%2C+October+2023&rft.date=2023-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fen%2FPublications%2FWEO%2Fweo-database%2F2023%2FOctober%2Fweo-report%3Fc%3D537%2C%26s%3DNGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC%2C%26sy%3D2022%26ey%3D2024%26ssm%3D0%26scsm%3D1%26scc%3D0%26ssd%3D1%26ssc%3D0%26sic%3D0%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-wb-gini-7"><a href="#cite_ref-wb-gini_7-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison/">"Gini Index coefficient"</a>. CIA World Factbook. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210717071854/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/field/gini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income/country-comparison">Archived</a> from the original on 17 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gini+Index+coefficient&rft.pub=CIA+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffield%2Fgini-index-coefficient-distribution-of-family-income%2Fcountry-comparison%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2023-24reporten.pdf">"HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2023-24"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Development_Programme" title="United Nations Development Programme">United Nations Development Programme</a>. United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. pp. 274–277.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.atitle=HUMAN+DEVELOPMENT+REPORT+2023-24&rft.pages=274-277&rft.date=2024-03-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fsystem%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2Fglobal-report-document%2Fhdr2023-24reporten.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/timor-leste">"Timor-Leste"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_Advanced_Learner%27s_Dictionary" title="Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary">Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary</a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. Retrieved 12 October 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Timor-Leste&rft.btitle=Oxford+Advanced+Learner%27s+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fenglish%2Ftimor-leste&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/timor-leste/">"Timor-Leste"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. 3 October 2024. Retrieved 12 October 2024. <q>TEE-mor LESS-tay</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Timor-Leste&rft.date=2024-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Ftimor-leste%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmy_Ochoa_Carson2007" class="citation journal cs1">Amy Ochoa Carson (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mckinneylaw.iu.edu/iiclr/pdf/vol17p395.pdf">"East Timor's Land Tenure Problems: A Consideration of Land Reform Programs in South Africa and Zimbabwe"</a> (PDF). Indiana International & Comparative Law Review. 17 (2): 395. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.18060%2F17554">10.18060/17554</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220327234251/https://mckinneylaw.iu.edu/iiclr/pdf/vol17p395.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 27 March 2022. Retrieved 24 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indiana+International+%26+Comparative+Law+Review&rft.atitle=East+Timor%27s+Land+Tenure+Problems%3A+A+Consideration+of+Land+Reform+Programs+in+South+Africa+and+Zimbabwe&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=395&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.18060%2F17554&rft.au=Amy+Ochoa+Carson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmckinneylaw.iu.edu%2Fiiclr%2Fpdf%2Fvol17p395.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tetun.org-14"><a href="#cite_ref-tetun.org_14-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tetun.org/">"tetun.org"</a>. tetun.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210507181507/https://tetun.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tetun.org&rft.atitle=tetun.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftetun.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ConstitENG-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ConstitENG_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ConstitENG_15-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ConstitENG_15-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf">"Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste"</a> (PDF). Government of Timor-Leste. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191221151231/http://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 2 September 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Government+of+Timor-Leste&rft.atitle=Constitution+of+the+Democratic+Republic+of+Timor-Leste&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimor-leste.gov.tl%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F03%2FConstitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNGEGN2011-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UNGEGN2011_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-UNGEGN2011_16-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/UNGEGN/docs/26th-gegn-docs/WP/WP54_UNGEGN%20WG%20Country%20Names%20Document%202011.pdf">"UNGEGN list of country names"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Group_of_Experts_on_Geographical_Names" title="United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names">United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names</a>. 2–6 May 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110811023432/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/geoinfo/UNGEGN/docs/26th-gegn-docs/WP/WP54_UNGEGN%20WG%20Country%20Names%20Document%202011.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNGEGN+list+of+country+names&rft.pub=United+Nations+Group+of+Experts+on+Geographical+Names&rft.date=2011-05-02%2F2011-05-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Funstats.un.org%2Funsd%2Fgeoinfo%2FUNGEGN%2Fdocs%2F26th-gegn-docs%2FWP%2FWP54_UNGEGN%2520WG%2520Country%2520Names%2520Document%25202011.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ConstitPORT-17"><a href="#cite_ref-ConstitPORT_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constituicao_RDTL_PT.pdf">"Constituição da República Democrática de Timor"</a> (PDF). 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Government of Timor-Leste. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170517092735/http://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constituicao_RDTL_TT.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 2 September 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Government+of+Timor-Leste&rft.atitle=Konstituisaun+Rep%C3%BAblika+Demokr%C3%A1tika+Tim%C3%B3r-Leste&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimor-leste.gov.tl%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F03%2FConstituicao_RDTL_TT.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-19"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:TL">"TL"</a>. 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In Piper, Philip; Matsumura, Hirofumi; Bulbeck, David (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://press.anu.edu.au/publications/series/terra-australis/new-perspectives-southeast-asian-and-pacific-prehistory-terra">New Perspectives in Southeast Asian and Pacific Prehistory</a> (1st ed.). ANU Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.22459%2Fta45.03.2017">10.22459/ta45.03.2017</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-76046-094-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-76046-094-5"><bdi>978-1-76046-094-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180602120340/https://press.anu.edu.au/publications/series/terra-australis/new-perspectives-southeast-asian-and-pacific-prehistory-terra">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2018. 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Retrieved 24 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Farming+and+Language+in+Island+Southeast+Asia+Reframing+Austronesian+History&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=223-256&rft.date=2010-04&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F650991&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A4815693%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Donohue&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Denham%2C+Tim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.uchicago.edu%2Fdoi%2F10.1086%2F650991&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lundhal2019-28">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lundhal2019_28-11">l</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLundahlSjöholm2019" class="citation book cs1">Lundahl, Mats; Sjöholm, Fredrik (17 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jkGjDwAAQBAJ">The Creation of the East Timorese Economy: Volume 1: History of a Colony</a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783030194666" title="Special:BookSources/9783030194666"><bdi>9783030194666</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326152238/https://books.google.com/books?id=jkGjDwAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 25 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Creation+of+the+East+Timorese+Economy%3A+Volume+1%3A+History+of+a+Colony&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2019-07-17&rft.isbn=9783030194666&rft.aulast=Lundahl&rft.aufirst=Mats&rft.au=Sj%C3%B6holm%2C+Fredrik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjkGjDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Villiers1994-29">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Villiers1994_29-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Villiers1994_29-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVilliers1994" class="citation journal cs1">Villiers, John (July 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/itinerario/article/abs/vanishing-sandalwood-of-portuguese-timor/29971F19F8EDC85DF7D8F866EA3DEA13">"The Vanishing Sandalwood of Portuguese Timor"</a>. Itinerario. 18 (2): 89–93. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0165115300022518">10.1017/S0165115300022518</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162012899">162012899</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221023111224/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/itinerario/article/abs/vanishing-sandalwood-of-portuguese-timor/29971F19F8EDC85DF7D8F866EA3DEA13">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Itinerario&rft.atitle=The+Vanishing+Sandalwood+of+Portuguese+Timor&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=89-93&rft.date=1994-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0165115300022518&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162012899%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Villiers&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Fitinerario%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fvanishing-sandalwood-of-portuguese-timor%2F29971F19F8EDC85DF7D8F866EA3DEA13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schwarz1994-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schwarz1994_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schwarz1994_30-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwarz1994" class="citation book cs1">Schwarz, A. (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationinwaitingi00schw/page/198">A Nation in Waiting: Indonesia in the 1990s</a>. Westview Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationinwaitingi00schw/page/198">198–199</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86373-635-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86373-635-0"><bdi>978-1-86373-635-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Nation+in+Waiting%3A+Indonesia+in+the+1990s&rft.pages=198-199&rft.pub=Westview+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-1-86373-635-0&rft.aulast=Schwarz&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnationinwaitingi00schw%2Fpage%2F198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Paulino2011-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Paulino2011_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paulino2011_31-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paulino2011_31-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paulino2011_31-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paulino2011_31-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paulino2011_31-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paulino2011_31-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Paulino2011_31-7">h</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaulino2011" class="citation book cs1">Paulino, Vincente (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=4A_RzBG4DjIC&pg=PA88">"Remembering the Portuguese Presence in Timor and its Contribution to the Making of Timor's National and Cultural Identity"</a>. In Jarnagin, Laura (ed.). Culture and Identity in the Luso-Asian World. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789814345507" title="Special:BookSources/9789814345507"><bdi>9789814345507</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221009025549/https://books.google.com/books?id=4A_RzBG4DjIC&pg=PA88">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Remembering+the+Portuguese+Presence+in+Timor+and+its+Contribution+to+the+Making+of+Timor%27s+National+and+Cultural+Identity&rft.btitle=Culture+and+Identity+in+the+Luso-Asian+World&rft.pub=Institute+of+Southeast+Asian+Studies&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9789814345507&rft.aulast=Paulino&rft.aufirst=Vincente&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D4A_RzBG4DjIC%26pg%3DPA88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-leibosteven-32"><a href="#cite_ref-leibosteven_32-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeibo2012" class="citation cs2">Leibo, Steven (2012), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781610488853/page/161">East and Southeast Asia 2012</a> (45 ed.), Lanham, MD: Stryker Post, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781610488853/page/161">161–165</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-6104-8885-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-6104-8885-3"><bdi>978-1-6104-8885-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=East+and+Southeast+Asia+2012&rft.place=Lanham%2C+MD&rft.pages=161-165&rft.edition=45&rft.pub=Stryker+Post&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-6104-8885-3&rft.aulast=Leibo&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9781610488853%2Fpage%2F161&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061123193421/http://www.lusotopie.sciencespobordeaux.fr/carneiroSousa.rtf">"The Portuguese Colonization and the Problem of East Timorese Nationalism"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lusotopie.sciencespobordeaux.fr/carneiroSousa.rtf">the original</a> on 23 November 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Portuguese+Colonization+and+the+Problem+of+East+Timorese+Nationalism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lusotopie.sciencespobordeaux.fr%2FcarneiroSousa.rtf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeeley2001" class="citation book cs1">Deeley, Neil (2001). The International Boundaries of East Timor. p. 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+International+Boundaries+of+East+Timor&rft.pages=8&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Deeley&rft.aufirst=Neil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ASNCE-35"><a href="#cite_ref-ASNCE_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060103133824/http://www.defence.gov.au/army/asnce/history.htm">"Department of Defence (Australia), 2002, "A Short History of East Timor""</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defence.gov.au/army/asnce/history.htm">the original</a> on 3 January 2006. Retrieved 3 January 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Department+of+Defence+%28Australia%29%2C+2002%2C+%22A+Short+History+of+East+Timor%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defence.gov.au%2Farmy%2Fasnce%2Fhistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> Retrieved 3 January 2007. </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://museum.wa.gov.au/debt-of-honour/operations-and-evacuation-24th">"Operations and Evacuation of the 2/4th"</a>. Western Australian Museum. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221023150750/https://museum.wa.gov.au/debt-of-honour/operations-and-evacuation-24th">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Operations+and+Evacuation+of+the+2%2F4th&rft.pub=Western+Australian+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuseum.wa.gov.au%2Fdebt-of-honour%2Foperations-and-evacuation-24th&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Levi1946-37"><a href="#cite_ref-Levi1946_37-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevi1946" class="citation journal cs1">Levi, Werner (17 July 1946). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3023062">"Portuguese Timor and the War"</a>. Far Eastern Survey. 15 (14): 221–223. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3023062">10.2307/3023062</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3023062">3023062</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221023150749/https://www.jstor.org/stable/3023062">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2022. Retrieved 23 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Far+Eastern+Survey&rft.atitle=Portuguese+Timor+and+the+War&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=14&rft.pages=221-223&rft.date=1946-07-17&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3023062&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3023062%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Levi&rft.aufirst=Werner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3023062&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-TL-38"><a href="#cite_ref-TL_38-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081029065300/http://www.timor-leste.gov.tl/AboutTimorleste/history.htm">"About Timor-Leste > Brief History of Timor-Leste: A History"</a>. Timor-Leste.gov.tl. 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MacMillan. p. 301. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-333-57689-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-333-57689-2"><bdi>978-0-333-57689-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Modern+Indonesia+since+c.1300%2C+Second+Edition&rft.pages=301&rft.pub=MacMillan&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-333-57689-2&rft.aulast=Ricklefs&rft.aufirst=M.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> Jardine, pp. 50–51. </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120321012746/http://www.gov.east-timor.org/AboutTimorleste/distt.htm">"Official Web Gateway to the Government of Timor-Leste – Districts"</a>. 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The report of the commission for reception, truth, and reconciliation Timor-Leste"</a>. reliefweb. 28 November 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221024121045/https://reliefweb.int/report/timor-leste/chega-report-commission-reception-truth-and-reconciliation-timor-leste">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2022. 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Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars. 32 (1–2): 11–18. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F14672715.2000.10415775">10.1080/14672715.2000.10415775</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0007-4810">0007-4810</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:147535429">147535429</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Concerned+Asian+Scholars&rft.atitle=A+long+journey+of+resistance%3A+The+origins+and+struggle+of+the+CNRT&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=11-18&rft.date=2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A147535429%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0007-4810&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F14672715.2000.10415775&rft.aulast=Niner&rft.aufirst=Sarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%252F14672715.2000.10415775&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenetech_Human_Rights_Data_Analysis_Group2006" class="citation web cs1">Benetech Human Rights Data Analysis Group (9 February 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hrdag.org/content/timorleste/Benetech-Report-to-CAVR.pdf">"The Profile of Human Rights Violations in Timor-Leste, 1974–1999"</a> (PDF). 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Retrieved 8 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=Howard+pushed+me+on+E+Timor+referendum%3A+Habibie&rft.date=2008-11-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2008-11-16%2Fhoward-pushed-me-on-e-timor-referendum-habibie%2F207044&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-47"><a href="#cite_ref-auto2_47-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_Congress_House_Committee_on_International_Relations_Subcommittee_on_Asia_and_the_PacificUnited_States_Congress_Senate_Committee_on_Foreign_Relations_Subcommittee_on_East_Asian_and_Pacific_Affairs2000" class="citation book cs1">United States Congress House Committee on International Relations Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific; United States Congress Senate Committee on Foreign Relations Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F17CxTFCY_MC&q=philippines+active+United+Nations+Transitional+Administration+in+East+Timor+peace&pg=PA51">East Timor: A New Beginning? : Joint Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives, and the Subcommittee on East Asian and Pacific Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Second Session, February 10, 2000</a>. 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Retrieved 26 July 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=East+Timor%3A+A+New+Beginning%3F+%3A+Joint+Hearing+Before+the+Subcommittee+on+Asia+and+the+Pacific+of+the+Committee+on+International+Relations%2C+House+of+Representatives%2C+and+the+Subcommittee+on+East+Asian+and+Pacific+Affairs+of+the+Committee+on+Foreign+Relations%2C+United+States+Senate%2C+One+Hundred+Sixth+Congress%2C+Second+Session%2C+February+10%2C+2000&rft.pages=51-53&rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9780160607820&rft.au=United+States+Congress+House+Committee+on+International+Relations+Subcommittee+on+Asia+and+the+Pacific&rft.au=United+States+Congress+Senate+Committee+on+Foreign+Relations+Subcommittee+on+East+Asian+and+Pacific+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF17CxTFCY_MC%26q%3Dphilippines%2Bactive%2BUnited%2BNations%2BTransitional%2BAdministration%2Bin%2BEast%2BTimor%2Bpeace%26pg%3DPA51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2013/08/one-mans-legacy-in-east-timor/">"One Man's Legacy in East Timor"</a>. thediplomat.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200620025609/https://thediplomat.com/2013/08/one-mans-legacy-in-east-timor/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2020. 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Retrieved 18 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=A+Socio-Historical+Essay%3A+Traditions%2C+Indonesia%2C+Independence%2C+and+Elections&rft.btitle=East+Timor%27s+Independence%2C+Indonesia+and+ASEAN&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2017-10-01&rft.isbn=9783319626307&rft.aulast=Berlie&rft.aufirst=Jean+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6EQ4DwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-WBG2009-98">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WBG2009_98-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WBG2009_98-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WBG2009_98-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WBG2009_98-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WBG2009_98-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WBG2009_98-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-WBG2009_98-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/28126">"Timor-Leste : Country Environmental Analysis"</a>. World Bank Group. July 2009. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10986%2F28126">10986/28126</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220729160348/http://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/28126">Archived</a> from the original on 29 July 2022. Retrieved 24 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timor-Leste+%3A+Country+Environmental+Analysis&rft.pub=World+Bank+Group&rft.date=2009-07&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10986%2F28126&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenknowledge.worldbank.org%2Fhandle%2F10986%2F28126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Molnar2009-99">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Molnar2009_99-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Molnar2009_99-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Molnar2009_99-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMolnar2009" class="citation book cs1">Molnar, Andrea Katalin (17 December 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F7KNAgAAQBAJ">Timor Leste: Politics, History, and Culture</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135228842" title="Special:BookSources/9781135228842"><bdi>9781135228842</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Timor+Leste%3A+Politics%2C+History%2C+and+Culture&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2009-12-17&rft.isbn=9781135228842&rft.aulast=Molnar&rft.aufirst=Andrea+Katalin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF7KNAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Deeley2001-100">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Deeley2001_100-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Deeley2001_100-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Deeley2001_100-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Deeley2001_100-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeeley2001" class="citation book cs1">Deeley, Neil (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=olluvDFg9JAC">The International Boundaries of East Timor</a>. International Boundaries Research Unit. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781897643426" title="Special:BookSources/9781897643426"><bdi>9781897643426</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326152314/https://books.google.com/books?id=olluvDFg9JAC">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 24 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+International+Boundaries+of+East+Timor&rft.pub=International+Boundaries+Research+Unit&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9781897643426&rft.aulast=Deeley&rft.aufirst=Neil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DolluvDFg9JAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ADBWBG2021-101">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ADBWBG2021_101-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADBWBG2021_101-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADBWBG2021_101-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADBWBG2021_101-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADBWBG2021_101-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADBWBG2021_101-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADBWBG2021_101-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADBWBG2021_101-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADBWBG2021_101-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADBWBG2021_101-9">j</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reliefweb.int/report/timor-leste/climate-risk-country-profile-timor-leste">"Climate Risk Country Profile – Timor-Leste"</a>. Asian Development Bank, World Bank Group. 18 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220523151357/https://reliefweb.int/report/timor-leste/climate-risk-country-profile-timor-leste">Archived</a> from the original on 23 May 2022. Retrieved 23 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+Risk+Country+Profile+%E2%80%93+Timor-Leste&rft.pub=Asian+Development+Bank%2C+World+Bank+Group&rft.date=2021-11-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freliefweb.int%2Freport%2Ftimor-leste%2Fclimate-risk-country-profile-timor-leste&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDixon2021" class="citation book cs1">Dixon, David (1 March 2021). "Water and Soil, Blood and Oil: Demarcating the Frontiers of Australia, Indonesia and Timor-Leste". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/view/book/9789004372887/BP000004.xml">Frontiers in International Environmental Law: Oceans and Climate Challenges</a>. Brill. pp. 43–74. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004372887_003">10.1163/9789004372887_003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004372887" title="Special:BookSources/9789004372887"><bdi>9789004372887</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:235518614">235518614</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220524154028/https://brill.com/view/book/9789004372887/BP000004.xml">Archived</a> from the original on 24 May 2022. 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Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 72.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=If+You+Leave+Us+Here%2C+We+Will+Die%3A+How+Genocide+Was+Stopped+in+East+Timor&rft.place=Princeton&rft.pages=72&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-edulang-155">^ <a href="#cite_ref-edulang_155-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-edulang_155-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091114124605/http://dne.mof.gov.tl/TLSLS/StatisticalData/5_Education/Main%20Tables/table5.7.htm">"Table 5.7 – Profile Of Students That Attended The 2004/05 Academic Year By Rural And Urban Areas And By District"</a>. Direcção Nacional de Estatística. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dne.mof.gov.tl/TLSLS/StatisticalData/5_Education/Main%20Tables/table5.7.htm">the original</a> on 14 November 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table+5.7+%E2%80%93+Profile+Of+Students+That+Attended+The+2004%2F05+Academic+Year+By+Rural+And+Urban+Areas+And+By+District&rft.pub=Direc%C3%A7%C3%A3o+Nacional+de+Estat%C3%ADstica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdne.mof.gov.tl%2FTLSLS%2FStatisticalData%2F5_Education%2FMain%2520Tables%2Ftable5.7.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-constitution-156"><a href="#cite_ref-constitution_156-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf">"Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste"</a> (PDF). Governo de Timor-Leste. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191221151231/http://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 12 February 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+of+the+Democratic+Republic+of+Timor-Leste&rft.pub=Governo+de+Timor-Leste&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimor-leste.gov.tl%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2010%2F03%2FConstitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrownChambon2022" class="citation news cs1">Brown, Bernardo; Chambon, Michel (4 February 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2022/02/catholicisms-overlooked-importance-in-asia/">"Catholicism's Overlooked Importance in Asia"</a>. The Diplomat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220808040925/https://thediplomat.com/2022/02/catholicisms-overlooked-importance-in-asia/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2022. Retrieved 14 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Diplomat&rft.atitle=Catholicism%27s+Overlooked+Importance+in+Asia&rft.date=2022-02-04&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Bernardo&rft.au=Chambon%2C+Michel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2022%2F02%2Fcatholicisms-overlooked-importance-in-asia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCavanaugh2019" class="citation news cs1">Cavanaugh, Ray (24 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2019/04/24/timor-leste-a-young-nation-with-strong-faith-and-heavy-burdens/">"Timor-Leste: A young nation with strong faith and heavy burdens"</a>. The Catholic World Report. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408004941/https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2019/04/24/timor-leste-a-young-nation-with-strong-faith-and-heavy-burdens/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2020. Retrieved 29 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Catholic+World+Report&rft.atitle=Timor-Leste%3A+A+young+nation+with+strong+faith+and+heavy+burdens&rft.date=2019-04-24&rft.aulast=Cavanaugh&rft.aufirst=Ray&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicworldreport.com%2F2019%2F04%2F24%2Ftimor-leste-a-young-nation-with-strong-faith-and-heavy-burdens%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DHS_2013-159"><a href="#cite_ref-DHS_2013_159-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR329/FR329.pdf">"Timor-Leste: Demographic and Health Survey, 2016"</a> (PDF). General Directorate of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and Finance & Ministry of Health. p. 35. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180422133047/https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR329/FR329.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 22 April 2018. Retrieved 21 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timor-Leste%3A+Demographic+and+Health+Survey%2C+2016&rft.pages=35&rft.pub=General+Directorate+of+Statistics%2C+Ministry+of+Planning+and+Finance+%26+Ministry+of+Health&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdhsprogram.com%2Fpubs%2Fpdf%2FFR329%2FFR329.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Taylor,_Jean_Gelman_2003,_p.381-160">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Taylor,_Jean_Gelman_2003,_p.381_160-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Taylor,_Jean_Gelman_2003,_p.381_160-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor2003" class="citation book cs1">Taylor, Jean Gelman (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/indonesia00jean">Indonesia: Peoples and Histories</a>. Yale University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/indonesia00jean/page/381">381</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10518-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10518-6"><bdi>978-0-300-10518-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indonesia%3A+Peoples+and+Histories&rft.pages=381&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-300-10518-6&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Jean+Gelman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Findonesia00jean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHead2005" class="citation news cs1">Head, Jonathan (5 April 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4410917.stm">"East Timor mourns 'catalyst' Pope"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180619191639/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/4410917.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=East+Timor+mourns+%27catalyst%27+Pope&rft.date=2005-04-05&rft.aulast=Head&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fasia-pacific%2F4410917.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/18505/pope-benedict-xvi-erects-new-diocese-in-east-timor">"Pope Benedict XVI erects new diocese in East Timor"</a>. Catholic News Agency. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130217015334/http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/pope_benedict_xvi_erects_new_diocese_in_east_timor/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 February 2013. Retrieved 12 February 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pope+Benedict+XVI+erects+new+diocese+in+East+Timor&rft.pub=Catholic+News+Agency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F18505%2Fpope-benedict-xvi-erects-new-diocese-in-east-timor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHajekTilman2001" class="citation book cs1">Hajek, John; Tilman, Alexandre Vital (1 October 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/easttimorphraseb00haje">East Timor Phrasebook</a>. Lonely Planet. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/easttimorphraseb00haje/page/56">56</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-74059-020-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-74059-020-4"><bdi>978-1-74059-020-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=East+Timor+Phrasebook&rft.pages=56&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft.date=2001-10-01&rft.isbn=978-1-74059-020-4&rft.aulast=Hajek&rft.aufirst=John&rft.au=Tilman%2C+Alexandre+Vital&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feasttimorphraseb00haje&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-report-164"><a href="#cite_ref-report_164-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90135.htm">International Religious Freedom Report 2007: Timor-Leste</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200620011445/https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90135.htm">Archived</a> 20 June 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. United States <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Democracy,_Human_Rights_and_Labor" class="mw-redirect" title="Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor">Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor</a> (14 September 2007). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Leach2016-165"><a href="#cite_ref-Leach2016_165-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeach2016" class="citation book cs1">Leach, Michael (8 December 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iiglDwAAQBAJ">Nation-Building and National Identity in Timor-Leste</a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781315311647" title="Special:BookSources/9781315311647"><bdi>9781315311647</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326152316/https://books.google.com/books?id=iiglDwAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 2 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nation-Building+and+National+Identity+in+Timor-Leste&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2016-12-08&rft.isbn=9781315311647&rft.aulast=Leach&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiiglDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-UWA2022-166">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UWA2022_166-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-UWA2022_166-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosangela_TenorioJairo_da_Costa_Junior2022" class="citation book cs1">Rosangela Tenorio; Jairo da Costa Junior, eds. (3 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/uwaschoolofdesign/docs/timor_catalogue">Homan Futuru: Timor-Leste Traditional Housing</a>. University of Western Australia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221015151433/https://issuu.com/uwaschoolofdesign/docs/timor_catalogue">Archived</a> from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Homan+Futuru%3A+Timor-Leste+Traditional+Housing&rft.pub=University+of+Western+Australia&rft.date=2022-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fissuu.com%2Fuwaschoolofdesign%2Fdocs%2Ftimor_catalogue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNico_de_Jonge2013" class="citation web cs1">Nico de Jonge (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.dma.org/essay/JAxJqGNn">"Traditional Arts in Timorese Cultures"</a>. Dallas Museum of Art. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221015134919/https://collections.dma.org/essay/JAxJqGNn">Archived</a> from the original on 15 October 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Traditional+Arts+in+Timorese+Cultures&rft.pub=Dallas+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=2013&rft.au=Nico+de+Jonge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcollections.dma.org%2Fessay%2FJAxJqGNn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ich.unesco.org/en/USL/tais-traditional-textile-01688">"Tais, traditional textile"</a>. UNESCO. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220214130258/https://ich.unesco.org/en/USL/tais-traditional-textile-01688">Archived</a> from the original on 14 February 2022. Retrieved 15 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tais%2C+traditional+textile&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fich.unesco.org%2Fen%2FUSL%2Ftais-traditional-textile-01688&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-JICA2016-169"><a href="#cite_ref-JICA2016_169-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12268603.pdf">"The Project for Study on Dili Urban Master Plan in the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste"</a> (PDF). Japan International Cooperation Agency. October 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709184610/https://openjicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/12268603.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 6 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Project+for+Study+on+Dili+Urban+Master+Plan+in+the+Democratic+Republic+of+Timor-Leste&rft.pub=Japan+International+Cooperation+Agency&rft.date=2016-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopenjicareport.jica.go.jp%2Fpdf%2F12268603.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris1992" class="citation book cs1">Morris, Chris (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gnu.org/software/tetum/contributors/cliffMorris-xhtml/ch02.html">"The People of East Timor"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gnu.org/software/tetum/contributors/cliffMorris-xhtml/index.html">A Traveller's Dictionary in Tetun-English and English-Tetun</a>. Baba Dook Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780959192223" title="Special:BookSources/9780959192223"><bdi>9780959192223</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818161243/http://www.gnu.org/software/tetum/contributors/cliffMorris-xhtml/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2022. Retrieved 2 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+People+of+East+Timor&rft.btitle=A+Traveller%27s+Dictionary+in+Tetun-English+and+English-Tetun&rft.pub=Baba+Dook+Books&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780959192223&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Chris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gnu.org%2Fsoftware%2Ftetum%2Fcontributors%2FcliffMorris-xhtml%2Fch02.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190929080148/http://lusofonia.x10.mx/timor.htm">"Literatura timorense em língua portuguesa"</a> [Timorese literature in the Portuguese language]. lusofonia.x10.mx (in Portuguese). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lusofonia.x10.mx/timor.htm">the original</a> on 29 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lusofonia.x10.mx&rft.atitle=Literatura+timorense+em+l%C3%ADngua+portuguesa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flusofonia.x10.mx%2Ftimor.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-poetxan-172"><a href="#cite_ref-poetxan_172-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-02-09/xanana-gusmao-resignation-profile/6081170">"East Timor's president accepts Xanana Gusmao's resignation"</a>. ABC News. 9 February 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202005344/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-02-09/xanana-gusmao-resignation-profile/6081170">Archived</a> from the original on 2 February 2017. Retrieved 22 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=East+Timor%27s+president+accepts+Xanana+Gusmao%27s+resignation&rft.date=2015-02-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2015-02-09%2Fxanana-gusmao-resignation-profile%2F6081170&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-SMH-173"><a href="#cite_ref-SMH_173-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/fresh-start-for-east-timors-film-scene-20131002-2urxt.html">"Fresh start for East Timor's film scene"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Morning_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="Sydney Morning Herald">Sydney Morning Herald</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131114121658/http://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/fresh-start-for-east-timors-film-scene-20131002-2urxt.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 November 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sydney+Morning+Herald&rft.atitle=Fresh+start+for+East+Timor%27s+film+scene&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fentertainment%2Fmovies%2Ffresh-start-for-east-timors-film-scene-20131002-2urxt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraig2014" class="citation news cs1">Craig, Natalie (10 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/culture/australia-culture-blog/2014/jul/10/east-timors-first-feature-film-a-quest-for-truth-on-a-shoestring-budget">"East Timor's first feature film: a quest for truth on a shoestring budget"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. <a href="/wiki/Guardian_Media_Group" title="Guardian Media Group">Guardian News & Media Limited</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230101083810/https://www.theguardian.com/culture/australia-culture-blog/2014/jul/10/east-timors-first-feature-film-a-quest-for-truth-on-a-shoestring-budget">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=East+Timor%27s+first+feature+film%3A+a+quest+for+truth+on+a+shoestring+budget&rft.date=2014-07-10&rft.aulast=Craig&rft.aufirst=Natalie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fculture%2Faustralia-culture-blog%2F2014%2Fjul%2F10%2Feast-timors-first-feature-film-a-quest-for-truth-on-a-shoestring-budget&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCashmore1988" class="citation book cs1">Cashmore, Ellis (1988). Dictionary of Race and Ethnic Relations. New York: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000NPHGX6">B000NPHGX6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Race+and+Ethnic+Relations&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1988&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB000NPHGX6%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.aulast=Cashmore&rft.aufirst=Ellis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharny1999" class="citation book cs1">Charny, Israel W., ed. (1999). Encyclopedia of Genocide. Vol. 1. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87436-928-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-87436-928-2"><bdi>0-87436-928-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Genocide&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+California&rft.pub=ABC-Clio&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-87436-928-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunn1996" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Dunn_(diplomat)" title="James Dunn (diplomat)">Dunn, James</a> (1996). East Timor: A People Betrayed. Sydney: Australian Broadcasting Corporation.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=East+Timor%3A+A+People+Betrayed&rft.place=Sydney&rft.pub=Australian+Broadcasting+Corporation&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDurand2006" class="citation book cs1">Durand, Frédéric (2006). East Timor: A Country at the Crossroads of Asia and the Pacific, a Geo-Historical Atlas. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9749575989" title="Special:BookSources/9749575989"><bdi>9749575989</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=East+Timor%3A+A+Country+at+the+Crossroads+of+Asia+and+the+Pacific%2C+a+Geo-Historical+Atlas&rft.place=Chiang+Mai&rft.pub=Silkworm+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9749575989&rft.aulast=Durand&rft.aufirst=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDurand2016" class="citation book cs1">Durand, Frédéric (2016). History of Timor Leste. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-616-215-124-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-616-215-124-8"><bdi>978-616-215-124-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Timor+Leste&rft.place=Chiang+Mai&rft.pub=Silkworm+Books&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-616-215-124-8&rft.aulast=Durand&rft.aufirst=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGroshong2006" class="citation book cs1">Groshong, Daniel J (2006). Timor-Leste: Land of Discovery. Hong Kong: Tayo Photo Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/988987640X" title="Special:BookSources/988987640X"><bdi>988987640X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Timor-Leste%3A+Land+of+Discovery&rft.place=Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Tayo+Photo+Group&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=988987640X&rft.aulast=Groshong&rft.aufirst=Daniel+J&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunn1999" class="citation book cs1">Gunn, Geoffrey C. (1999). Timor Loro Sae: 500 Years. Macau: Livros do Oriente. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/972-9418-69-1" title="Special:BookSources/972-9418-69-1"><bdi>972-9418-69-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Timor+Loro+Sae%3A+500+Years&rft.place=Macau&rft.pub=Livros+do+Oriente&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=972-9418-69-1&rft.aulast=Gunn&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHDIT" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gunn, Geoffrey C (2011). Historical Dictionary of East Timor. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780810867543" title="Special:BookSources/9780810867543"><bdi>9780810867543</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+East+Timor&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780810867543&rft.aulast=Gunn&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHägerdal2012" class="citation book cs1">Hägerdal, Hans (2012). Lords of the land, lords of the sea; Conflict and adaptation in early colonial Timor, 1600-1800. Leiden: KITLV Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.26530%2Foapen_408241">10.26530/oapen_408241</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12657%2F34566">20.500.12657/34566</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-6718-378-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-6718-378-9"><bdi>978-90-6718-378-9</bdi></a> – via Oapen.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lords+of+the+land%2C+lords+of+the+sea%3B+Conflict+and+adaptation+in+early+colonial+Timor%2C+1600-1800&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=KITLV+Press&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F20.500.12657%2F34566&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.26530%2Foapen_408241&rft.isbn=978-90-6718-378-9&rft.aulast=H%C3%A4gerdal&rft.aufirst=Hans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKingsburyLeach2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Damien_Kingsbury" title="Damien Kingsbury">Kingsbury, Damien</a>; Leach, Michael (2007). East Timor: Beyond Independence. Monash Papers on Southeast Asia, no 65. Clayton, Vic: Monash University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781876924492" title="Special:BookSources/9781876924492"><bdi>9781876924492</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=East+Timor%3A+Beyond+Independence&rft.place=Clayton%2C+Vic&rft.series=Monash+Papers+on+Southeast+Asia%2C+no+65&rft.pub=Monash+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9781876924492&rft.aulast=Kingsbury&rft.aufirst=Damien&rft.au=Leach%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHillSaldanha2002" class="citation book cs1">Hill, H; Saldanha, J, eds. (2002). East Timor: Development Challenges for the World's Newest Nation. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-333-98716-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-333-98716-2"><bdi>978-0-333-98716-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=East+Timor%3A+Development+Challenges+for+the+World%27s+Newest+Nation&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan+UK&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-333-98716-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeachKingsbury2013" class="citation book cs1">Leach, Michael; <a href="/wiki/Damien_Kingsbury" title="Damien Kingsbury">Kingsbury, Damien</a>, eds. (2013). The Politics of Timor-Leste: Democratic Consolidation After Intervention. Studies on Southeast Asia, no 59. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University, Southeast Asia Program Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780877277897" title="Special:BookSources/9780877277897"><bdi>9780877277897</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Politics+of+Timor-Leste%3A+Democratic+Consolidation+After+Intervention&rft.place=Ithaca%2C+NY&rft.series=Studies+on+Southeast+Asia%2C+no+59&rft.pub=Cornell+University%2C+Southeast+Asia+Program+Publications&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780877277897&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevinson1998" class="citation book cs1">Levinson, David (1998). Ethnic Relations: A Cross-Cultural Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnic+Relations%3A+A+Cross-Cultural+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+California&rft.pub=ABC-Clio&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Levinson&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMolnar2010" class="citation book cs1">Molnar, Andrea Katalin (2010). Timor Leste: Politics, History, and Culture. Routledge Contemporary Southeast Asia series, 27. London; New York: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415778862" title="Special:BookSources/9780415778862"><bdi>9780415778862</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Timor+Leste%3A+Politics%2C+History%2C+and+Culture&rft.place=London%3B+New+York&rft.series=Routledge+Contemporary+Southeast+Asia+series%2C+27&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780415778862&rft.aulast=Molnar&rft.aufirst=Andrea+Katalin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRudolph2003" class="citation book cs1">Rudolph, Joseph R., ed. (2003). Encyclopedia of Modern Ethnic Conflicts. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. pp. 101–106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-01574-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-01574-0"><bdi>0-313-01574-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Modern+Ethnic+Conflicts&rft.place=Westport%2C+Connecticut&rft.pages=101-106&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-313-01574-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShelton2005" class="citation book cs1">Shelton, Dinah L., ed. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2226008">Encyclopedia of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity</a>. Detroit: Thomson Gale. <a href="/wiki/SSRN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SSRN (identifier)">SSRN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2226008">2226008</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326152321/https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2226008">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023. Retrieved 12 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Genocide+and+Crimes+Against+Humanity&rft.place=Detroit&rft.pub=Thomson+Gale&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fsol3%2Fpapers.cfm%3Fabstract_id%3D2226008%23id-name%3DSSRN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpapers.ssrn.com%2Fabstract%3D2226008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1999" class="citation book cs1">Taylor, John G. (1999). East Timor: The Price of Freedom. Annandale: Pluto Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85649-840-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85649-840-1"><bdi>978-1-85649-840-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=East+Timor%3A+The+Price+of+Freedom&rft.place=Annandale&rft.pub=Pluto+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-85649-840-1&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=John+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFViegasFeijó2017" class="citation book cs1">Viegas, Susana de Matos; Feijó, Rui Graça, eds. (2017). Transformations in Independent Timor-Leste: Dynamics of Social and Cultural Cohabitations. London: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781315534992" title="Special:BookSources/9781315534992"><bdi>9781315534992</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Transformations+in+Independent+Timor-Leste%3A+Dynamics+of+Social+and+Cultural+Cohabitations&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781315534992&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerlie2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Berlie" title="Jean Berlie">Berlie, Jean A.</a> (2001). East Timor: A Bibliography. Paris: Indes savantes. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-84654-012-8" title="Special:BookSources/2-84654-012-8"><bdi>2-84654-012-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=East+Timor%3A+A+Bibliography&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Indes+savantes&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=2-84654-012-8&rft.aulast=Berlie&rft.aufirst=Jean+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988">, a bibliographic reference, launched by PM <a href="/wiki/Xanana_Gusm%C3%A3o" title="Xanana Gusmão">Xanana Gusmão</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040321134359/http://kyotoreview.cseas.kyoto-u.ac.jp/issue/issue2/article_232.doc">East Timor, politics and elections (in Chinese)/ 东帝汶政治与选举 (2001–2006): 国家建设及前景展望</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Berlie" title="Jean Berlie">Jean A. Berlie</a>, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies of Jinan University editor, Jinan, China, published in 2007.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLundahlSjöholm2019" class="citation book cs1">Lundahl, Mats; Sjöholm, Fredrik (2019). The Creation of the East Timorese Economy. Vol. 1–2. Cham: Springer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Creation+of+the+East+Timorese+Economy&rft.place=Cham&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Lundahl&rft.aufirst=Mats&rft.au=Sj%C3%B6holm%2C+Fredrik&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEast+Timor" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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.sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> East Timor at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects">sister projects</a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Timor_Lorosa%27e" class="extiw" title="c:Timor Lorosa'e">Media</a> from Commons</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:East_Timor" class="extiw" title="n:Category:East Timor">News</a> from Wikinews</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/East_Timor" class="extiw" title="q:East Timor">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</li><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/East_Timor" class="extiw" title="voy:East Timor">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</li></ul></div></div> </div> Struggle for Independence <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tasmaniantimes.com/2016/01/the-truth-about-john-howards-east-timor-liberation/">8 Sep 1999 account of the United Nations ballot on East Timorese independence</a></li></ul> Government <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?lang=en">official government website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timorleste.tl/">Timor-Leste official tourism website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081210074013/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/world-leaders-1/world-leaders-t/timor-leste.html">Chief of State and Cabinet Members</a> (archived 10 December 2008)</li></ul> General information <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/timor-leste/">Timor-Leste</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081029214745/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/for/etimor.htm">East Timor</a> from UCB Libraries GovPubs (archived 29 October 2008)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/596313/East-Timor">East Timor</a> at <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-pacific-14919009">East Timor profile</a> <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/16px-Gnome-globe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/24px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Gnome-globe.svg/32px-Gnome-globe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Atlas_of_East_Timor" class="extiw" title="commons:Atlas of East Timor">Wikimedia Atlas of East Timor</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifs.du.edu/ifs/frm_CountryProfile.aspx?Country=TL">Key Development Forecasts for Timor-Leste</a> from <a href="/wiki/International_Futures" title="International Futures">International Futures</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190326203827/http://www.tlstudies.org/index.html">Timor Leste Studies Association</a> (archived 26 March 2019)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output 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li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:East_Timor_topics" title="Template:East Timor topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:East_Timor_topics" title="Template talk:East Timor topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:East_Timor_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:East Timor topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="East_Timor_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Timor</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_East_Timor%E2%80%93related_topics" title="List of East Timor–related topics">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_East_Timor" title="History of East Timor">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_East_Timorese_history" title="Timeline of East Timorese history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-colonial_Timor" title="Pre-colonial Timor">Pre-colonial Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Timor" title="Portuguese Timor">Portuguese rule</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Portuguese_Timor" title="List of colonial governors of Portuguese Timor">Colonial governors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Timor" title="Battle of Timor">Japanese invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies">Japanese occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_East_Timor_(1975)" title="Democratic Republic of East Timor (1975)">Democratic Republic of East Timor (1975)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_invasion_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian invasion of East Timor">Indonesian invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_occupation_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian occupation of East Timor">Indonesian occupation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_East_Timor" title="Provisional Government of East Timor">Provisional government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor_(province)" title="East Timor (province)">Province of East Timor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_massacre" title="Santa Cruz massacre">Dili massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timorese_independence_referendum,_1999" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timorese independence referendum, 1999">1999 referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_East_Timorese_crisis" title="1999 East Timorese crisis">1999 crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Administered_East_Timor" title="United Nations Administered East Timor">United Nations Administered East Timor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Force_East_Timor" title="International Force East Timor">International Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Transitional_Administration_in_East_Timor" title="United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor">UNTAET</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor_independence" title="East Timor independence">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Panels_of_the_Dili_District_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Panels of the Dili District Court">Tribunals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_East_Timorese_crisis" title="2006 East Timorese crisis">2006 crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_East_Timorese_assassination_attempts" title="2008 East Timorese assassination attempts">2008 crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor" title="Coat of arms of East Timor"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_East_Timor" title="Geography of East Timor">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93Indonesia_border" title="East Timor–Indonesia border">Border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities,_towns_and_villages_in_East_Timor" title="List of cities, towns and villages in East Timor">Cities, towns and villages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_East_Timor" title="Municipalities of East Timor">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_East_Timor" title="List of islands of East Timor">Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timor" title="Timor">Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atauro" title="Atauro">Atauro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaco_Island" title="Jaco Island">Jaco</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_East_Timor" title="List of national parks of East Timor">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_East_Timor" title="List of rivers of East Timor">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_posts_of_East_Timor" title="Administrative posts of East Timor">Administrative posts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sucos_of_East_Timor" title="Sucos of East Timor">Sucos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatamailau" title="Tatamailau">Tatamailau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Timor" title="Category:Fauna of Timor">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Flora_of_East_Timor" title="Category:Flora of East Timor">Plants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_East_Timor" title="Politics of East Timor">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_East_Timor" title="Constitution of East Timor">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_East_Timor" title="Elections in East Timor">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_East_Timor" title="Foreign aid to East Timor">Foreign aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_East_Timor" title="Foreign relations of East Timor">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Human_rights_in_East_Timor" title="Category:Human rights in East Timor">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in East Timor">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_East_Timor" title="Law of East Timor">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Police_of_East_Timor" title="National Police of East Timor">enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timor_Leste_Defence_Force" title="Timor Leste Defence Force">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Parliament_of_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="National Parliament of East Timor">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_East_Timor" title="List of political parties in East Timor">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_East_Timor" title="President of East Timor">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_East_Timor" title="Prime Minister of East Timor">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor_Supreme_Court_of_Justice" title="East Timor Supreme Court of Justice">Supreme Court of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Integrated_Mission_in_East_Timor" title="United Nations Integrated Mission in East Timor">United Nations mission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_East_Timor" title="Economy of East Timor">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in East Timor">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor_centavo_coins" title="East Timor centavo coins">Centavo coins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_East_Timor" title="Energy in East Timor">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_East_Timor" title="Foreign aid to East Timor">Foreign aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_East_Timor" title="Poverty in East Timor">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_East_Timor" title="Telecommunications in East Timor">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Tourism in East Timor">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_East_Timor" title="Transport in East Timor">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_East_Timor" title="Category:Society of East Timor">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_East_Timor" title="Cuisine of East Timor">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_East_Timor" title="Culture of East Timor">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_East_Timor" title="Demographics of East Timor">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in East Timor">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_East_Timor" title="Health in East Timor">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_East_Timor" title="Languages of East Timor">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timorese_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timorese literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_East_Timor" title="Music of East Timor">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_East_Timorese_people" title="List of East Timorese people">Notable people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_East_Timor" title="Prostitution in East Timor">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_East_Timor" title="Religion in East Timor">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking_in_East_Timor" title="Sex trafficking in East Timor">Sex trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_East_Timor" title="Sport in East Timor">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_East_Timor" title="Smoking in East Timor">Smoking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A1tria" title="Pátria">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of East Timor">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_East_Timor" title="Flag of East Timor">Flag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_East_Timor" title="Outline of East Timor">Outline</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_East_Timor%E2%80%93related_topics" title="List of East Timor–related topics">Index</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:East_Timor" title="Category:East Timor">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_of_East_Timor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Municipalities_of_East_Timor" title="Template:Municipalities of East Timor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Municipalities_of_East_Timor" title="Template talk:Municipalities of East Timor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities_of_East_Timor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities of East Timor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_of_East_Timor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_East_Timor" title="Municipalities of East Timor">Municipalities of East Timor</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aileu_Municipality" title="Aileu Municipality">Aileu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainaro_Municipality" title="Ainaro Municipality">Ainaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atauro" title="Atauro">Atauro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baucau_Municipality" title="Baucau Municipality">Baucau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobonaro_Municipality" title="Bobonaro Municipality">Bobonaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cova_Lima_Municipality" title="Cova Lima Municipality">Cova Lima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dili_Municipality" title="Dili Municipality">Dili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermera_Municipality" title="Ermera Municipality">Ermera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laut%C3%A9m_Municipality" title="Lautém Municipality">Lautém</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liqui%C3%A7%C3%A1_Municipality" title="Liquiçá Municipality">Liquiçá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manatuto_Municipality" title="Manatuto Municipality">Manatuto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufahi_Municipality" title="Manufahi Municipality">Manufahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oecusse" title="Oecusse">Oecusse</a> (SAR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viqueque_Municipality" title="Viqueque Municipality">Viqueque</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_East_Timor.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of East Timor"><img alt="Flag of East Timor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/50px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/75px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/100px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_Municipalities_of_East_Timor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Capitals_of_Municipalities_of_East_Timor" title="Template:Capitals of Municipalities of East Timor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Capitals_of_Municipalities_of_East_Timor" title="Template talk:Capitals of Municipalities of East Timor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Capitals_of_Municipalities_of_East_Timor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Capitals of Municipalities of East Timor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_Municipalities_of_East_Timor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Capitals of <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_East_Timor" title="Municipalities of East Timor">Municipalities of East Timor</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aileu" title="Aileu">Aileu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ainaro" title="Ainaro">Ainaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baucau" title="Baucau">Baucau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gleno" title="Gleno">Gleno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liqui%C3%A7%C3%A1" title="Liquiçá">Liquiçá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lospalos" title="Lospalos">Lospalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maliana" title="Maliana">Maliana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manatuto" title="Manatuto">Manatuto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pante_Macassar" title="Pante Macassar">Pante Macassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same,_East_Timor" title="Same, East Timor">Same</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suai,_East_Timor" title="Suai, East Timor">Suai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viqueque" title="Viqueque">Viqueque</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_East_Timor.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of East Timor"><img alt="Flag of East Timor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/50px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/75px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/100px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Administrative_posts_of_East_Timor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrative_posts_of_East_Timor" title="Template:Administrative posts of East Timor"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Administrative_posts_of_East_Timor" title="Template talk:Administrative posts of East Timor"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Administrative_posts_of_East_Timor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Administrative posts of East Timor"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Administrative_posts_of_East_Timor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_posts_of_East_Timor" title="Administrative posts of East Timor">Administrative posts</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Timor</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aileu_Municipality" title="Aileu Municipality">Aileu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aileu_Administrative_Post" title="Aileu Administrative Post">Aileu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laulara_Administrative_Post" title="Laulara Administrative Post">Laulara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lequidoe_Administrative_Post" title="Lequidoe Administrative Post">Lequidoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remexio_Administrative_Post" title="Remexio Administrative Post">Remexio</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_East_Timor.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of East Timor"><img alt="Flag of East Timor" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/50px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/75px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/100px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ainaro_Municipality" title="Ainaro Municipality">Ainaro</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ainaro_Administrative_Post" title="Ainaro Administrative Post">Ainaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hato-Udo_Administrative_Post" title="Hato-Udo Administrative Post">Hato-Udo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatu-Builico_Administrative_Post" title="Hatu-Builico Administrative Post">Hatu-Builico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maubisse_Administrative_Post" title="Maubisse Administrative Post">Maubisse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Baucau_Municipality" title="Baucau Municipality">Baucau</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baguia_Administrative_Post" title="Baguia Administrative Post">Baguia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baucau_Administrative_Post" title="Baucau Administrative Post">Baucau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laga_Administrative_Post" title="Laga Administrative Post">Laga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quelicai_Administrative_Post" title="Quelicai Administrative Post">Quelicai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vemasse_Administrative_Post" title="Vemasse Administrative Post">Vemasse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venilale_Administrative_Post" title="Venilale Administrative Post">Venilale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bobonaro_Municipality" title="Bobonaro Municipality">Bobonaro</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atabae_Administrative_Post" title="Atabae Administrative Post">Atabae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balibo_Administrative_Post" title="Balibo Administrative Post">Balibo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobonaro_Administrative_Post" title="Bobonaro Administrative Post">Bobonaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cailaco_Administrative_Post" title="Cailaco Administrative Post">Cailaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolotoe_Administrative_Post" title="Lolotoe Administrative Post">Lolotoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maliana_Administrative_Post" title="Maliana Administrative Post">Maliana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cova_Lima_Municipality" title="Cova Lima Municipality">Cova Lima</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fatululic_Administrative_Post" title="Fatululic Administrative Post">Fatululic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatumean_Administrative_Post" title="Fatumean Administrative Post">Fatumean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fohorem_Administrative_Post" title="Fohorem Administrative Post">Fohorem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maucatar_Administrative_Post" title="Maucatar Administrative Post">Maucatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suai_Administrative_Post" title="Suai Administrative Post">Suai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilomar_Administrative_Post" title="Tilomar Administrative Post">Tilomar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zumalai_Administrative_Post" title="Zumalai Administrative Post">Zumalai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dili_Municipality" title="Dili Municipality">Dili</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cristo_Rei_Administrative_Post" title="Cristo Rei Administrative Post">Cristo Rei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dom_Aleixo_Administrative_Post" title="Dom Aleixo Administrative Post">Dom Aleixo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metinaro_Administrative_Post" title="Metinaro Administrative Post">Metinaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nain_Feto_Administrative_Post" title="Nain Feto Administrative Post">Nain Feto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vera_Cruz_Administrative_Post" title="Vera Cruz Administrative Post">Vera Cruz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ermera_Municipality" title="Ermera Municipality">Ermera</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atsabe_Administrative_Post" title="Atsabe Administrative Post">Atsabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ermera_Administrative_Post" title="Ermera Administrative Post">Ermera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatulia_Administrative_Post" title="Hatulia Administrative Post">Hatulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatulia_B_Administrative_Post" title="Hatulia B Administrative Post">Hatulia B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letefoho_Administrative_Post" title="Letefoho Administrative Post">Letefoho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railaco_Administrative_Post" title="Railaco Administrative Post">Railaco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Laut%C3%A9m_Municipality" title="Lautém Municipality">Lautém</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iliomar_Administrative_Post" title="Iliomar Administrative Post">Iliomar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laut%C3%A9m_Administrative_Post" title="Lautém Administrative Post">Lautém</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lor%C3%A9_Administrative_Post" title="Loré Administrative Post">Loré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lospalos_Administrative_Post" title="Lospalos Administrative Post">Lospalos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luro_Administrative_Post" title="Luro Administrative Post">Luro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutuala_Administrative_Post" title="Tutuala Administrative Post">Tutuala</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liqui%C3%A7%C3%A1_Municipality" title="Liquiçá Municipality">Liquiçá</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bazartete_Administrative_Post" title="Bazartete Administrative Post">Bazartete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liqui%C3%A7%C3%A1_Administrative_Post" title="Liquiçá Administrative Post">Liquiçá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maubara_Administrative_Post" title="Maubara Administrative Post">Maubara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Manatuto_Municipality" title="Manatuto Municipality">Manatuto</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barique_Administrative_Post" title="Barique Administrative Post">Barique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laclo_Administrative_Post" title="Laclo Administrative Post">Laclo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laclubar_Administrative_Post" title="Laclubar Administrative Post">Laclubar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laleia_Administrative_Post" title="Laleia Administrative Post">Laleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manatuto_Administrative_Post" title="Manatuto Administrative Post">Manatuto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soibada_Administrative_Post" title="Soibada Administrative Post">Soibada</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Manufahi_Municipality" title="Manufahi Municipality">Manufahi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alas_Administrative_Post" title="Alas Administrative Post">Alas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatuberlio_Administrative_Post" title="Fatuberlio Administrative Post">Fatuberlio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same_Administrative_Post" title="Same Administrative Post">Same</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turiscai_Administrative_Post" title="Turiscai Administrative Post">Turiscai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oecusse" title="Oecusse">Oecusse</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nitibe_Administrative_Post" title="Nitibe Administrative Post">Nitibe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oesilo_Administrative_Post" title="Oesilo Administrative Post">Oesilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pante_Macassar_Administrative_Post" title="Pante Macassar Administrative Post">Pante Macassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passabe_Administrative_Post" title="Passabe Administrative Post">Passabe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Viqueque_Municipality" title="Viqueque Municipality">Viqueque</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lacluta_Administrative_Post" title="Lacluta Administrative Post">Lacluta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossu_Administrative_Post" title="Ossu Administrative Post">Ossu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uato-Lari_Administrative_Post" title="Uato-Lari Administrative Post">Uato-Lari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uatucarbau_Administrative_Post" title="Uatucarbau Administrative Post">Uatucarbau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viqueque_Administrative_Post" title="Viqueque Administrative Post">Viqueque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sucos_of_East_Timor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li 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title="Bandudatu">Bandudatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betano" title="Betano">Betano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahiria" title="Fahiria">Fahiria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatisi" title="Fatisi">Fatisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatubosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatubosa">Fatubosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funar" title="Funar">Funar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoholau" title="Hoholau">Hoholau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahae" title="Lahae">Lahae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lausi" title="Lausi">Lausi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifau" title="Lifau">Lifau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liurai_(Aileu)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liurai (Aileu)">Liurai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malere" class="mw-redirect" title="Malere">Malere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mape,_Cova_Lima" title="Mape, Cova Lima">Mape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matai_(Maucatar)" title="Matai (Maucatar)">Matai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saboria" title="Saboria">Saboria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seloi_Craic" title="Seloi Craic">Seloi Craic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seloi_Malere" title="Seloi Malere">Seloi Malere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_dependencies_of_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_of_Asia" title="Template:Countries of Asia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_of_Asia" title="Template talk:Countries of Asia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_of_Asia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries of Asia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_dependencies_of_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Asia" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia">Countries and dependencies</a> of <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>2</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding: 0 0.5em;"><div><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with limited recognition</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Ossetia" title="South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territories</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Australia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Greece</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kastellorizo" title="Kastellorizo">Kastellorizo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a>2 (Sovereign Base Areas)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a> (<a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">British Overseas Territory</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions of China</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>1 Spans the conventional boundary between Asia and another continent.</li> <li>2 Considered European for cultural, political and historical reasons but is geographically in West Asia.</li></ul> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Asia" title="Category:Asia">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_in_Southeast_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_and_territories_of_Southeast_Asia" title="Template:Countries and territories of Southeast Asia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_and_territories_of_Southeast_Asia" title="Template talk:Countries and territories of Southeast Asia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_and_territories_of_Southeast_Asia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries and territories of Southeast Asia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_territories_in_Southeast_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries and territories in <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories_in_Asia" title="List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territories</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_of_the_Malay_Archipelago" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_of_the_Malay_Archipelago" title="Template:Countries of the Malay Archipelago"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_of_the_Malay_Archipelago" title="Template talk:Countries of the Malay Archipelago"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_of_the_Malay_Archipelago" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries of the Malay Archipelago"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_of_the_Malay_Archipelago" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries of the <a href="/wiki/Malay_Archipelago" title="Malay Archipelago">Malay Archipelago</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pacific_Islands_Forum_(PIF)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pacific_Islands_Forum_(PIF)" title="Template:Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pacific_Islands_Forum_(PIF)" title="Template talk:Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pacific_Islands_Forum_(PIF)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pacific_Islands_Forum_(PIF)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="Pacific Islands Forum">Pacific Islands Forum (PIF)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_Islands" title="Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiribati" title="Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Islands" title="Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesia" title="Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauru" title="Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niue" title="Niue">Niue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palau" title="Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoa" title="Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonga" title="Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvalu" title="Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanuatu" title="Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associate members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokelau" title="Tokelau">Tokelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observer Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African,_Caribbean_and_Pacific_Group_of_States" class="mw-redirect" title="African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States">ACP</a> Secretariat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Development_Bank" title="Asian Development Bank">Asian Development Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Secretariat" title="Commonwealth Secretariat">Commonwealth Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Migration" title="International Organization for Migration">International Organization for Migration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Secretariat" title="United Nations Secretariat">United Nations Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_and_Central_Pacific_Fisheries_Commission" title="Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission">Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dialogue partners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Development partner</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Meetings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/45th_Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="45th Pacific Islands Forum">45th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/51st_Pacific_Islands_Forum" title="51st Pacific Islands Forum">51st</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations_(ASEAN)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations_(ASEAN)" title="Template:Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations_(ASEAN)" title="Template talk:Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations_(ASEAN)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations_(ASEAN)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/ASEAN" title="ASEAN">Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Charter" title="ASEAN Charter">Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Free_Trade_Area#The_Common_Effective_Preferential_Tariff_(CEPT)_scheme" title="ASEAN Free Trade Area">Customs union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Declaration" title="ASEAN Declaration">Founding document</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisations_associated_with_the_ASEAN" title="Organisations associated with the ASEAN">Organisations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_General_of_the_Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretary General of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Secretary General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amity_and_Cooperation_in_Southeast_Asia" title="Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia">Treaty of Amity and Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_ASEAN_members" title="Visa policy of ASEAN members">Visa policies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_ASEAN_Way" title="The ASEAN Way">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_the_Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Emblem of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Song_of_Unity" title="ASEAN Song of Unity">Hymn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Member states of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations">Members</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_ASEAN" title="Enlargement of ASEAN">Observers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Timor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_East_Timor_to_ASEAN" title="Accession of East Timor to ASEAN">status</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Papua_New_Guinea_to_ASEAN" title="Accession of Papua New Guinea to ASEAN">status</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Summits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Summit" title="ASEAN Summit">ASEAN Summit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_ASEAN_Summits" title="2017 ASEAN Summits">2017</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Summit" title="East Asia Summit">East Asia Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN%E2%80%93Republic_of_Korea_Commemorative_Summit" title="ASEAN–Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit">ASEAN–Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN%E2%80%93India_Commemorative_Summit" title="ASEAN–India Commemorative Summit">ASEAN–India Commemorative Summit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Free_Trade_Area#ASEAN_Plus_Three" title="ASEAN Free Trade Area">ASEAN Plus Three</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Regional_Forum" class="mw-redirect" title="ASEAN Regional Forum">ASEAN Regional Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia%E2%80%93Europe_Meeting" title="Asia–Europe Meeting">Asia–Europe Meeting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sport" title="Sport">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asian_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Southeast Asian Games">SEA Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_University_Games" title="ASEAN University Games">University Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_School_Games" title="ASEAN School Games">School Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Para_Games" title="ASEAN Para Games">Para Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Football_Federation" title="ASEAN Football Federation">Football Federation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AFF_Championship" class="mw-redirect" title="AFF Championship">Football Championship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Armies_Rifle_Meet" title="ASEAN Armies Rifle Meet">Armies Rifle Meet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Monetary_Unit" title="Asian Monetary Unit">Asian Monetary Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiang_Mai_Initiative" title="Chiang Mai Initiative">Chiang Mai Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Economic_Partnership_for_East_Asia" title="Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia">Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Comprehensive_Economic_Partnership" title="Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership">Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Free_Trade_Area" title="ASEAN Free Trade Area">ASEAN Free Trade Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN%E2%80%93China_Free_Trade_Area" title="ASEAN–China Free Trade Area">ASEAN–China Free Trade Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN%E2%80%93India_Free_Trade_Area" title="ASEAN–India Free Trade Area">ASEAN–India Free Trade Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN%E2%80%93Australia_Development_Cooperation_Program" title="ASEAN–Australia Development Cooperation Program">ASEAN–Australia Development Cooperation Program</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Initiatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Centre_for_Biodiversity" title="ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity">Centre for Biodiversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Asean_Regional_Forum_Disaster_Relief_Exercise" class="mw-redirect" title="The Asean Regional Forum Disaster Relief Exercise">Disaster Relief Exercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Smart_Cities_Network" title="ASEAN Smart Cities Network">Smart Cities Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commissions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Intergovernmental_Commission_on_Human_Rights" title="ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights">Human Rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Human_Rights_Declaration" title="ASEAN Human Rights Declaration">ASEAN Human Rights Declaration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Commission_on_the_Promotion_and_Protection_of_the_Rights_of_Women" title="ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women">Rights of Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Common_Time" title="ASEAN Common Time">Common Time</a></li> <li>'<a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Rise" title="ASEAN Rise">ASEAN Rise</a>'</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="ASEAN–European Union relations">EU relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Outstanding_Scientist_and_Technologist_Award" title="ASEAN Outstanding Scientist and Technologist Award">Outstanding Scientist and Technologist Award</a></li> <li>Lists <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_busiest_airports_in_Southeast_Asia" title="List of the busiest airports in Southeast Asia">Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_banks_in_ASEAN" title="List of largest banks in ASEAN">Banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_ASEAN_by_population" title="List of cities in ASEAN by population">Cities by population</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ASEAN_countries_by_GDP" title="List of ASEAN countries by GDP">GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ASEAN_countries_by_HDI" title="List of ASEAN countries by HDI">HDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ASEAN_countries_and_subdivisions_by_minimum_wage" title="List of ASEAN countries and subdivisions by minimum wage">Minimum wage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Southeast_Asian_mountains" title="List of Southeast Asian mountains">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Top_reviewed_places_in_ASEAN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Top reviewed places in ASEAN (page does not exist)">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ASEAN_countries_by_medal_count_at_International_Science_Olympiad" title="List of ASEAN countries by medal count at International Science Olympiad">Science Olympiad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ASEAN_stock_exchanges_by_market_capitalization" title="List of ASEAN stock exchanges by market capitalization">Stock exchanges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ASEAN_country_subdivisions_by_GDP" title="List of ASEAN country subdivisions by GDP">Subdivisions by GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_ASEAN" title="Rankings of universities in ASEAN">Universities</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="East_Asia_Summit_(EAS)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:East_Asia_Summit_(EAS)" title="Template:East Asia Summit (EAS)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:East_Asia_Summit_(EAS)" title="Template talk:East Asia Summit (EAS)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:East_Asia_Summit_(EAS)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:East Asia Summit (EAS)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="East_Asia_Summit_(EAS)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/East_Asia_Summit" title="East Asia Summit">East Asia Summit</a> (EAS)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_East_Asia_Summit" title="First East Asia Summit">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_East_Asia_Summit" title="Second East Asia Summit">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_East_Asia_Summit" title="Third East Asia Summit">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Fourth East Asia Summit">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Fifth East Asia Summit">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Sixth East Asia Summit">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_East_Asia_Summit" title="Seventh East Asia Summit">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Eighth East Asia Summit">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Ninth East Asia Summit">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Tenth East Asia Summit">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_East_Asia_Summit" title="Eleventh East Asia Summit">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Twelfth East Asia Summit">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Thirteenth East Asia Summit">13th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Fourteenth East Asia Summit">14th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Fifteenth East Asia Summit">15th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Sixteenth East Asia Summit">16th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventeenth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Seventeenth East Asia Summit">17th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Eighteenth East Asia Summit">18th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_East_Asia_Summit" title="Nineteenth East Asia Summit">19th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left; padding-left:0.3em;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 12em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Non-Aligned_Movement" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Template:Non-Aligned Movement"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Template talk:Non-Aligned Movement"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Non-Aligned Movement"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Non-Aligned_Movement" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement#Members,_observers_and_guests" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Members</a> and the NAM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Cyprus and the Non-Aligned Movement">Cyprus</a> ‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Egypt and the Non-Aligned Movement">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Ghana and the Non-Aligned Movement">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="India and the Non-Aligned Movement">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Malta and the Non-Aligned Movement">Malta</a> ‡</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Sri Lanka and the Non-Aligned Movement">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Tanzania and the Non-Aligned Movement">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavia_and_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Yugoslavia and the Non-Aligned Movement">Yugoslavia</a> ‡</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bureau</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coordinating_Bureau_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Coordinating Bureau of the Non-Aligned Movement">Coordinating Bureau of the Non-Aligned Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement_Centre_for_South-South_Technical_Cooperation" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Aligned Movement Centre for South-South Technical Cooperation">Centre for South-South Technical Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement#NAM_Centres" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Centre for Science and Technology of the Non-aligned and Other Developing Countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement#NAM_Centres" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Center for Human Rights and Cultural Diversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement_Youth_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Aligned Movement Youth Organization">NAM Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NAM_News_Network" title="NAM News Network">NAM News Network</a> (<a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_News_Agencies_Pool" title="Non-Aligned News Agencies Pool">News Agencies Pool</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%22Josip_Broz_Tito%22_Art_Gallery_of_the_Nonaligned_Countries" title=""Josip Broz Tito" Art Gallery of the Nonaligned Countries">"Josip Broz Tito" Art Gallery of the Nonaligned Countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Principles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_Principles_of_Peaceful_Coexistence" title="Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence">Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Non-Aligned_Movement_Summits" title="Template:Non-Aligned Movement Summits">Summits</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandung_Conference" title="Bandung Conference">Bandung Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brioni_Meeting" title="Brioni Meeting">Brioni Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="1st Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">1st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="2nd Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="3rd Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="4th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="5th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="6th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="7th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="8th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="9th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="10th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="16th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">16th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="18th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">18th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Summit_of_the_Non-Aligned_Movement" title="19th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement">19th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Founders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito#Non-Alignment" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a> (<a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukarno#Figurehead_president" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a> (<a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Kwame Nkrumah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser#Adoption_of_neutralism" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a> (<a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houari_Boumediene#Foreign_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="Houari Boumediene">Houari Boumediene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro#Foreign_wars_and_NAM_Presidency:_1975–1979" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela#Foreign_affairs" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Morsi#Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Mohamed Morsi">Mohamed Morsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maduro" title="Nicolás Maduro">Nicolás Maduro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirimavo_Bandaranaike" title="Sirimavo Bandaranaike">Sirimavo Bandaranaike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>‡ denotes a former member state of the Non-Aligned Movement</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Trade_Organization" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Trade_Organization" title="Template:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Trade_Organization" title="Template talk:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Trade_Organization" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Trade_Organization" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">System</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Member states of the World Trade Organization">Accession and membership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appellate_Body" title="Appellate Body">Appellate Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dispute_Settlement_Body" title="Dispute Settlement Body">Dispute Settlement Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Centre" title="International Trade Centre">International Trade Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Timeline of the World Trade Organization">Chronology of key events</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Criticism of the World Trade Organization">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doha_Development_Round" title="Doha Development Round">Doha Development Round</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_issues" title="Singapore issues">Singapore issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quota_Elimination" title="Quota Elimination">Quota Elimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_Clause" title="Peace Clause">Peace Clause</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Agriculture" title="Agreement on Agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_the_Application_of_Sanitary_and_Phytosanitary_Measures" title="Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures">Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Technical_Barriers_to_Trade" title="Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade">Technical Barriers to Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Trade-Related_Investment_Measures" title="Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures">Trade-Related Investment Measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Trade_in_Services" title="General Agreement on Trade in Services">Trade in Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRIPS_Agreement" title="TRIPS Agreement">Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Government_Procurement" title="Agreement on Government Procurement">Government Procurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Technology_Agreement" title="Information Technology Agreement">Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marrakesh_Agreement" title="Marrakesh Agreement">Marrakesh Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doha_Declaration_on_the_TRIPS_agreement_and_public_health" title="Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health">Doha Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_Package" title="Bali Package">Bali Package</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministerial_Conference" title="Ministerial Conference">Ministerial Conferences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1996" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1996">1st (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1998" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1998">2nd (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1999" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999">3rd (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2001" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2001">4th (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2003" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2003">5th (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2005" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2005">6th (2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2009" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2009">7th (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2011" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2011">8th (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2013" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2013">9th (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2015" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2015">10th (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2017" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2017">11th (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2022" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2022">12th (2022)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngozi_Okonjo-Iweala" title="Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala">Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala</a> (<a href="/wiki/Director-General_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Director-General of the World Trade Organization">Director-General</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Azev%C3%AAdo" title="Roberto Azevêdo">Roberto Azevêdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Lamy" title="Pascal Lamy">Pascal Lamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supachai_Panitchpakdi" title="Supachai Panitchpakdi">Supachai Panitchpakdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Jara" title="Alejandro Jara">Alejandro Jara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Yerxa" title="Rufus Yerxa">Rufus Yerxa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Afghanistan" title="Economy of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Algeria" title="Economy of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Angola" title="Economy of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Economy of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Argentina" title="Economy of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Armenia" title="Economy of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Australia" title="Economy of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bahrain" title="Economy of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh" title="Economy of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Barbados" title="Economy of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belize" title="Economy of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Benin" title="Economy of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bolivia" title="Economy of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Botswana" title="Economy of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Brazil" title="Economy of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Brunei" title="Economy of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Burkina_Faso" title="Economy of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Myanmar" title="Economy of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Burundi" title="Economy of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cambodia" title="Economy of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cameroon" title="Economy of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Canada" title="Economy of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cape_Verde" title="Economy of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chad" title="Economy of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chile" title="Economy of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_China" title="Economy of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Colombia" title="Economy of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Costa_Rica" title="Economy of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Economy of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cuba" title="Economy of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Djibouti" title="Economy of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Dominica" title="Economy of Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Economy of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ecuador" title="Economy of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Egypt" title="Economy of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_El_Salvador" title="Economy of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Eswatini" title="Economy of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Fiji" title="Economy of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Gabon" title="Economy of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Gambia" title="Economy of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Economy of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ghana" title="Economy of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Grenada" title="Economy of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guatemala" title="Economy of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea" title="Economy of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea-Bissau" title="Economy of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guyana" title="Economy of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haiti" title="Economy of Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Honduras" title="Economy of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hong_Kong" title="Economy of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iceland" title="Economy of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_India" title="Economy of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Indonesia" title="Economy of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Israel" title="Economy of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jamaica" title="Economy of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Japan" title="Economy of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jordan" title="Economy of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kazakhstan" title="Economy of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kenya" title="Economy of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Korea" title="Economy of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kuwait" title="Economy of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Economy of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Laos" title="Economy of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lesotho" title="Economy of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liberia" title="Economy of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liechtenstein" title="Economy of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Macau" title="Economy of Macau">Macau</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Madagascar" title="Economy of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malawi" title="Economy of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malaysia" title="Economy of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Maldives" title="Economy of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mali" title="Economy of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritania" title="Economy of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritius" title="Economy of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mexico" title="Economy of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Moldova" title="Economy of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mongolia" title="Economy of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Montenegro" title="Economy of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Morocco" title="Economy of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mozambique" title="Economy of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Namibia" title="Economy of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nepal" title="Economy of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_New_Zealand" title="Economy of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nicaragua" title="Economy of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Niger" title="Economy of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nigeria" title="Economy of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Macedonia" title="Economy of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Norway" title="Economy of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Oman" title="Economy of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan" title="Economy of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Panama" title="Economy of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Economy of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Paraguay" title="Economy of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Peru" title="Economy of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippines" title="Economy of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Qatar" title="Economy of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Rwanda" title="Economy of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis">St. Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Economy of Saint Lucia">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Economy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Samoa" title="Economy of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Economy of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Senegal" title="Economy of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Seychelles" title="Economy of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Economy of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Singapore" title="Economy of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Economy of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Africa" title="Economy of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Economy of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Suriname" title="Economy of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Switzerland" title="Economy of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tajikistan" title="Economy of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Taiwan" title="Economy of Taiwan">Taiwan</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tanzania" title="Economy of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Thailand" title="Economy of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Togo" title="Economy of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tonga" title="Economy of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Economy of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tunisia" title="Economy of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Turkey" title="Economy of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uganda" title="Economy of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Economy of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uruguay" title="Economy of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Venezuela" title="Economy of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Vietnam" title="Economy of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Yemen" title="Economy of Yemen">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zambia" title="Economy of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zimbabwe" title="Economy of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="European_Union" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">European Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Austria" title="Economy of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belgium" title="Economy of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Croatia" title="Economy of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cyprus" title="Economy of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Economy of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Denmark" title="Economy of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Estonia" title="Economy of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Finland" title="Economy of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Germany" title="Economy of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greece" title="Economy of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hungary" title="Economy of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Latvia" title="Economy of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lithuania" title="Economy of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Luxembourg" title="Economy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malta" title="Economy of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Economy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Poland" title="Economy of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Portugal" title="Economy of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Romania" title="Economy of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovakia" title="Economy of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovenia" title="Economy of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Spain" title="Economy of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden" title="Economy of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China</a>, participating as "Hong Kong, China" and "Macao, China".</li> <li>Officially the Republic of China, participates as "<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu</a>", and "Chinese Taipei" in short.</li></ol> <a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/16px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/24px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/32px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:World" title="Portal:World">World portal</a> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries_(CPLP)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Template:Community of Portuguese Language Countries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Template talk:Community of Portuguese Language Countries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Community of Portuguese Language Countries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries_(CPLP)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Community of Portuguese Language Countries</a> (CPLP)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Member states of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Membership</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Timor-Leste </a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andorra" title="Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ibero-American_States" title="Organization of Ibero-American States">Organization of Ibero-American States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_CPLP.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_CPLP.svg/150px-Flag_CPLP.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_CPLP.svg/225px-Flag_CPLP.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Flag_CPLP.svg/300px-Flag_CPLP.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="701" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Secretary_of_the_Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Executive Secretary of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Executive Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Flag of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Flag of the CPLP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CPLP_Games" title="CPLP Games">CPLP Games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries#CPLP_Summits" title="Community of Portuguese Language Countries">CPLP Summits</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_CPLP_Summit" title="1st CPLP Summit">I – Lisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_CPLP_Summit" title="2nd CPLP Summit">II – Praia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_CPLP_Summit" title="3rd CPLP Summit">III – Maputo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_CPLP_Summit" title="4th CPLP Summit">IV – Brasília</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_CPLP_Summit" title="5th CPLP Summit">V – São Tomé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_CPLP_Summit" title="6th CPLP Summit">VI – Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_CPLP_Summit" title="7th CPLP Summit">VII – Lisbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_CPLP_Summit" title="8th CPLP Summit">VIII – Luanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_CPLP_Summit" title="9th CPLP Summit">IX – Maputo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_CPLP_Summit" title="10th CPLP Summit">X – Díli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_CPLP_Summit" title="11th CPLP Summit">XI – Brasília</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_CPLP_Summit" title="12th CPLP Summit">XII – Ilha do Sal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=13th_CPLP_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="13th CPLP Summit (page does not exist)">XIII – Luanda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=14th_CPLP_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="14th CPLP Summit (page does not exist)">XIV – São Tomé</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=15th_CPLP_Summit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="15th CPLP Summit (page does not exist)">XIV – Bissau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_literature" title="Portuguese literature">Portuguese literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusophone" class="mw-redirect" title="Lusophone">Lusophone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusophone_music" title="Lusophone music">Lusophone music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACOLOP" title="ACOLOP">ACOLOP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lusophony_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Lusophony Games">Lusophony Games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_where_Portuguese_is_an_official_language" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries where Portuguese is an official language">Countries with Portuguese as an official language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_organisations_which_have_Portuguese_as_an_official_language" title="List of international organisations which have Portuguese as an official language">International organizations with Portuguese as an official languages</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Community_of_Portuguese_Language_Countries" title="Category:Community of Portuguese Language Countries">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Portuguese_Empire" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks plainlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Portuguese_overseas_empire" title="Template:Portuguese overseas empire"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Portuguese_overseas_empire" title="Template talk:Portuguese overseas empire"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Portuguese_overseas_empire" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Portuguese overseas empire"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Portuguese_Empire" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portuguese Empire</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;"><div id="North_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">North Africa</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> 15th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1415–1640</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1458–1550</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Ksar_es-Seghir" title="Ksar es-Seghir">Alcácer Ceguer (El Qsar es Seghir)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1471–1550</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Asilah" title="Portuguese Asilah">Arzila (Asilah)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1471–1662</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Tangier" title="Portuguese Tangier">Tangier</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1485–1550</td><td> <a href="/wiki/El_Jadida" title="El Jadida">Mazagan (El Jadida)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1487–16th century</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Ouadane" title="Ouadane">Ouadane</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1488–1541</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Safi,_Morocco" title="Safi, Morocco">Safim (Safi)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1489</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Graciosa_fortress" title="Graciosa fortress">Graciosa</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> 16th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1505–1541</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Agadir" title="Agadir">Santa Cruz do Cabo de Gué (Agadir)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1506–1525</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Essaouira" title="Essaouira">Mogador (Essaouira)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1506–1525</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Souira_Guedima" title="Souira Guedima">Aguz (Souira Guedima)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1506–1769</td><td> <a href="/wiki/El_Jadida" title="El Jadida">Mazagan (El Jadida)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1513–1541</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Azemmour" title="Azemmour">Azamor (Azemmour)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1515–1541</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Mehdya,_Morocco" title="Mehdya, Morocco">São João da Mamora (Mehdya)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1577–1589</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Asilah" title="Asilah">Arzila (Asilah)</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Portugal_Imp%C3%A9rio_total.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999)"><img alt="Anachronous map of the Portuguese Empire (1415-1999)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Portugal_Imp%C3%A9rio_total.png/300px-Portugal_Imp%C3%A9rio_total.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Portugal_Imp%C3%A9rio_total.png/450px-Portugal_Imp%C3%A9rio_total.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Portugal_Imp%C3%A9rio_total.png/600px-Portugal_Imp%C3%A9rio_total.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;"><div id="Sub-Saharan_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Sub-Saharan Africa</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> 15th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1455–1633</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Arguin" title="Arguin">Arguim</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1462–1975</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Cape_Verde" title="Portuguese Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1470–1975</td><td> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_Island" title="São Tomé Island">São Tomé</a>1</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1471–1975</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Príncipe">Príncipe</a>1</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1474–1778</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Annob%C3%B3n" title="Annobón">Annobón</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1478–1778</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Bioko" title="Bioko">Fernando Poo (Bioko)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1482–1637</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina">Elmina (São Jorge da Mina)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1482–1642</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Gold_Coast" title="Portuguese Gold Coast">Portuguese Gold Coast</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1498–1540</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Mascarene_Islands" title="Mascarene Islands">Mascarene Islands</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> 16th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1500–1630</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Malindi" title="Malindi">Malindi</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1501–1975</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Mozambique" title="Portuguese Mozambique">Portuguese Mozambique</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1502–1659</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1503–1698</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Zanzibar" title="Zanzibar">Zanzibar</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1505–1512</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Kilwa_Kisiwani" title="Kilwa Kisiwani">Quíloa (Kilwa)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1506–1511</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Socotra" title="Socotra">Socotra</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1508–15472</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>3</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1557–1578</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Accra" title="Accra">Accra</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1575–1975</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Angola" title="Portuguese Angola">Portuguese Angola</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1588–1974</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Cacheu" title="Cacheu">Cacheu</a>4</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1593–1698</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Mombasa" title="Mombasa">Mombassa (Mombasa)</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> 17th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1645–1888</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Ziguinchor" title="Ziguinchor">Ziguinchor</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1680–1961</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Fort_of_S%C3%A3o_Jo%C3%A3o_Baptista_de_Ajud%C3%A1" title="Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá">São João Baptista de Ajudá, Benin</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1687–1974</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Bissau" title="Bissau">Bissau</a>4</td></tr></tbody></table> 18th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1728–1729</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Mombasa" title="Mombasa">Mombassa (Mombasa)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1753–1975</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe">Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe</a></td></tr></tbody></table> 19th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1879–1974</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Guinea" title="Portuguese Guinea">Portuguese Guinea</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1885–1974</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Cabinda_Province" title="Cabinda Province">Portuguese Congo</a>5</td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="plainlist" style="padding:0.5em 0 0.75em 0.25em;font-size:90%;line-height:1.2em;"><ul><li>1 Part of <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a> from 1753.</li><li>2 Or 1600.</li><li>3 A factory (<a href="/wiki/Anosy" title="Anosy">Anosy Region</a>) and small temporary coastal bases.</li><li>4 Part of <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Guinea" title="Portuguese Guinea">Portuguese Guinea</a> from 1879.</li><li>5 Part of <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Angola" title="Portuguese Angola">Portuguese Angola</a> from the 1920s.</li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;"><div id="Middle_East_&#91;Persian_Gulf&#93;" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Middle East [Persian Gulf]</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> 16th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1506–1615</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Bandar_Abbas" title="Bandar Abbas">Gamru (Bandar Abbas)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1507–1643</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Sohar" title="Sohar">Sohar</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1515–1622</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Ormus" title="Ormus">Hormuz (Ormus)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1515–1648</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Qurayyat,_Oman" title="Qurayyat, Oman">Quriyat</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1515–?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Qalhat" title="Qalhat">Qalhat</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1515–1650</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Muscat" title="Muscat">Muscat</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1515?–?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Barka,_Oman" title="Barka, Oman">Barka</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1515–1633?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Ras_Al_Khaimah" title="Ras Al Khaimah">Julfar (Ras al-Khaimah)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1521–1602</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> (<a href="/wiki/Muharraq" title="Muharraq">Muharraq</a> • <a href="/wiki/Manama" title="Manama">Manama</a>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1521–1529?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Qatif" title="Qatif">Qatif</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1521?–1551?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Tarout_Island" title="Tarout Island">Tarut Island</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1550–1551</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Qatif" title="Qatif">Qatif</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1588–1648</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Muttrah" title="Muttrah">Matrah</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> 17th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1620–?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Khor_Fakkan" title="Khor Fakkan">Khor Fakkan</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1621?–?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Seeb" title="Seeb">As Sib</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1621–1622</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Qeshm_Island" title="Qeshm Island">Qeshm</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1623–?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Khasab" title="Khasab">Khasab</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1623–?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Al_Badiyah" title="Al Badiyah">Libedia</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1624–?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Kalba" title="Kalba">Kalba</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1624–?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Madha" title="Madha">Madha</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1624–1648</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Dibba_Al-Hisn" title="Dibba Al-Hisn">Dibba Al-Hisn</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1624?–?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Kong,_Iran" title="Kong, Iran">Bandar-e Kong</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;"><div id="South_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">South Asia</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> 15th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1498–1545</td><td> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Lakshadweep" title="Lakshadweep">Laccadive Islands (Lakshadweep)</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table> 16th century <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_India" title="Portuguese India">Portuguese India</a> <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1500–1663</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Kochi" title="Kochi">Cochim (Kochi)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1501–1663</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Kannur" title="Kannur">Cannanore (Kannur)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> • 1502–1658  1659–1661</div></td><td> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Kollam" title="Kollam">Quilon (Coulão / Kollam)</a></div></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1502–1661</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Pallippuram,_Ernakulam" title="Pallippuram, Ernakulam">Pallipuram (Cochin de Cima)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1507–1657</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Negapatam" title="Portuguese Negapatam">Negapatam (Nagapatnam)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1510–1961</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"> • 1512–1525  1750</div></td><td> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Kozhikode" title="Kozhikode">Calicut (Kozhikode)</a></div></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1518–1619</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Pulicat" title="Pulicat">Portuguese Paliacate outpost (Pulicat)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1521–1740</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Chaul" title="Chaul">Chaul</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  </td><td> (Portuguese India)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1523–1662</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Mylapore" title="Mylapore">Mylapore</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1528–1666</td><td> <div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_settlement_in_Chittagong" title="Portuguese settlement in Chittagong">Chittagong (Porto Grande De Bengala)</a></div></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1531–1571</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Chaul" title="Chaul">Chaul</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1531–1571</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Chaliyam" title="Chaliyam">Chalé</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1534–1601</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Salsette_Island" title="Salsette Island">Salsette Island</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1534–1661</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Bombay (Mumbai)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1535</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Ponnani" title="Ponnani">Ponnani</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1535–1739</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Vasai-Virar" title="Vasai-Virar">Baçaím (Vasai-Virar)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1536–1662</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Kodungallur" title="Kodungallur">Cranganore (Kodungallur)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1540–1612</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Surat" title="Surat">Surat</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1548–1658</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Thoothukudi" title="Thoothukudi">Tuticorin (Thoothukudi)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1559–1961</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Daman_and_Diu" title="Daman and Diu">Daman and Diu</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1568–1659</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Mangalore" title="Mangalore">Mangalore</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  </td><td> (Portuguese India)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1579–1632</td><td><a href="/wiki/Hugli-Chuchura" title="Hugli-Chuchura">Hugli</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1598–1610</td><td><a href="/wiki/Machilipatnam" title="Machilipatnam">Masulipatnam (Machilipatnam)</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1518–1521</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1518–1658</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Ceylon" title="Portuguese Ceylon">Portuguese Ceylon (Sri Lanka)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1558–1573</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></td></tr></tbody></table> 17th century Portuguese India <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1687–1749</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Mylapore" title="Mylapore">Mylapore</a></td></tr></tbody></table> 18th century Portuguese India <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1779–1954</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Dadra_and_Nagar_Haveli" class="mw-redirect" title="Dadra and Nagar Haveli">Dadra and Nagar Haveli</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;"><div id="East_Asia_and_Oceania" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">East Asia and Oceania</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> 16th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1511–1641</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Malacca" title="Portuguese Malacca">Portuguese Malacca</a> [Malaysia]</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1512–1621</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku</a> [Indonesia]</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1522–1575</td><td>  <a href="/wiki/Ternate" title="Ternate">Ternate</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1576–1605</td><td>  <a href="/wiki/Ambon_Island" title="Ambon Island">Ambon</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1578–1650</td><td>  <a href="/wiki/Tidore" title="Tidore">Tidore</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1512–1665</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a> [Indonesia]</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1515–1859</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Larantuka" title="Kingdom of Larantuka">Larantuka</a> [Indonesia]</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1557–1999</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Macau" title="Portuguese Macau">Macau</a> [China]</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1580–1586</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Nagasaki" title="Portuguese Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a> [Japan]</td></tr></tbody></table> 17th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1642–1975</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Timor" title="Portuguese Timor">Portuguese Timor</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">East Timor</a>)1</td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break col-break-3"> 19th century <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Macau" title="Portuguese Macau">Portuguese Macau</a> <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1864–1999</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Coloane" title="Coloane">Coloane</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1851–1999</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Taipa" title="Taipa">Taipa</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1890–1999</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Ilha_Verde" title="Ilha Verde">Ilha Verde</a></td></tr></tbody></table> 20th century Portuguese Macau <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1938–1941</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Hengqin" title="Hengqin">Lapa and Montanha (Hengqin)</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="plainlist" style="padding:0.5em 0 0.75em 0.25em;font-size:90%;line-height:1.2em;"><ul><li>1 1975 is the year of East Timor's Declaration of Independence and subsequent <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_invasion_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian invasion of East Timor">invasion by Indonesia</a>. In 2002, East Timor's independence was fully recognized.</li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;"><div id="North_America_and_North_Atlantic" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">North America and North Atlantic</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> 15th century [Atlantic islands] <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1420</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1432</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> 16th century [Canada] <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1500–1579?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_(island)" title="Newfoundland (island)">Terra Nova (Newfoundland)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1500–1579?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Labrador" title="Labrador">Labrador</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1516–1579?</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;"><div id="South_America_and_Caribbean" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">South America and Caribbean</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-left:1.0em;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> 16th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1500–1822</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Colonial_Brazil" title="Colonial Brazil">Brazil</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1534–1549</td><td>  <a href="/wiki/Captaincy_Colonies_of_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="Captaincy Colonies of Brazil">Captaincy Colonies of Brazil</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1549–1572</td><td>  <a href="/wiki/Governorate_General_of_Brazil" title="Governorate General of Brazil">Brazil</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1572–1578</td><td>  <a href="/wiki/Governorate_General_of_Bahia" title="Governorate General of Bahia">Bahia</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1572–1578</td><td>  <a href="/wiki/Governorate_General_of_Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Governorate General of Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1578–1607</td><td>  <a href="/wiki/Governorate_General_of_Brazil" title="Governorate General of Brazil">Brazil</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td>  • 1621–1815</td><td>  <a href="/wiki/State_of_Brazil" title="State of Brazil">Brazil</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1536–1620</td><td> <a href="/wiki/History_of_Barbados" title="History of Barbados">Barbados</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> 17th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1621–1751</td><td> <a href="/wiki/State_of_Maranh%C3%A3o_(colonial)" title="State of Maranhão (colonial)">Maranhão</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1680–1777</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Colonia_del_Sacramento" title="Colonia del Sacramento">Nova Colónia do Sacramento</a></td></tr></tbody></table> 18th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1751–1772</td><td> <a href="/wiki/State_of_Gr%C3%A3o-Par%C3%A1_and_Maranh%C3%A3o" title="State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão">Grão-Pará and Maranhão</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1772–1775</td><td> <a href="/wiki/State_of_Gr%C3%A3o-Par%C3%A1_and_Rio_Negro" title="State of Grão-Pará and Rio Negro">Grão-Pará and Rio Negro</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1772–1775</td><td> <a href="/wiki/State_of_Maranh%C3%A3o_and_Piau%C3%AD" title="State of Maranhão and Piauí">Maranhão and Piauí</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td class="col-break"> 19th century <table style="line-height: 1.5em; border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1808–1822</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Cisplatina" title="Cisplatina">Cisplatina (Uruguay)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1809–1817</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Amap%C3%A1" title="Amapá">Portuguese Guiana (Amapá)</a></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1822</td><td> <a href="/wiki/Upper_Peru" title="Upper Peru">Upper Peru (Bolivia)</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="background:#efefef;padding:0.2em;line-height:1.2em;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armorial_of_Portuguese_colonies" class="mw-redirect" title="Armorial of Portuguese colonies">Armorial of Portuguese colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_of_the_Portuguese_Empire" title="Evolution of the Portuguese Empire">Evolution of the Portuguese Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_colonial_architecture" title="Portuguese colonial architecture">Portuguese colonial architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Portuguese colonization of the Americas">Portuguese colonization of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire_in_the_Indonesian_Archipelago" title="Portuguese Empire in the Indonesian Archipelago">Portuguese Empire in the Indonesian Archipelago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_India" title="Portuguese India">Portuguese India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_the_Portuguese_discovery_of_Australia" title="Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia">Theory of the Portuguese discovery of Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/1146574771238150687">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1733528/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvMCYtbQtWCYymvyXhCQq">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4075765-1">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2002021667">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00936307">Japan</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an50180159">Australia</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge131391&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX456003">Spain</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/131597">Portugal</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=294144">Greece</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/hftwvzz126qs8cf">Sweden</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007418973105171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/738aed7d-cc30-3a90-af20-21477ba1e8cc">MusicBrainz area</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA1782257X?l=en">CiNii</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kulturnav.org/cc6a2c0c-1156-4810-ad66-28961da4ad94">KulturNav</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/dUSJAi6c">UK Parliament</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044822">NARA</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&oldid=1256345581">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=East_Timor&oldid=1256345581</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:East_Timor" title="Category:East Timor">East Timor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Timor" title="Category:Timor">Timor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1975_establishments_in_Asia" title="Category:1975 establishments in Asia">1975 establishments in Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2002_establishments_in_Asia" title="Category:2002 establishments in Asia">2002 establishments in Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Countries_in_Asia" title="Category:Countries in Asia">Countries in Asia</a></li><li><a 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