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<li id="toc-19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Bookmobile_Day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Bookmobile_Day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>National Bookmobile Day</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Bookmobile_Day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Countries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Countries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Countries</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Countries-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Countries subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>South America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bookmobile</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9" title="مكتبة متجولة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مكتبة متجولة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%B3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Շարժական Գրադարան – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Շարժական Գրադարան" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="ভ্রাম্যমাণ গ্রন্থাগার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভ্রাম্যমাণ গ্রন্থাগার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliob%C3%BAs" title="Bibliobús – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bibliobús" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliobus" title="Bibliobus – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bibliobus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogbus" title="Bogbus – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bogbus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrbibliothek" title="Fahrbibliothek – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fahrbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A4ndraamatukogu" title="Rändraamatukogu – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rändraamatukogu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliob%C3%BAs" title="Bibliobús – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bibliobús" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliobus" title="Bibliobus – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bibliobus" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="کتابخانه سیار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتابخانه سیار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliobus" title="Bibliobus – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bibliobus" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliobus" title="Bibliobus – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Bibliobus" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leabharlann_taistil" title="Leabharlann taistil – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Leabharlann taistil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%87%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Շարժական գրադարան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Շարժական գրադարան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliobus" title="Bibliobus – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bibliobus" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliobus" title="Bibliobus – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bibliobus" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%93%D7%AA" title="ספרייה ניידת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ספרייה ניידת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kn%C3%A9g%C3%B2b%C3%B9s" title="Knégòbùs – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Knégòbùs" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicherbus" title="Bicherbus – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bicherbus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozg%C3%B3k%C3%B6nyvt%C3%A1r" title="Mozgókönyvtár – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mozgókönyvtár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliotheekbus" title="Bibliotheekbus – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bibliotheekbus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8B%95%E5%9B%B3%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="移動図書館 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="移動図書館" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokbuss" title="Bokbuss – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bokbuss" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokbuss" title="Bokbuss – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bokbuss" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliobus" title="Bibliobus – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bibliobus" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_m%C3%B3vel" title="Biblioteca móvel – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Biblioteca móvel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Передвижная библиотека – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Передвижная библиотека" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busoteka" title="Busoteka – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Busoteka" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bookmobile" title="Bookmobile – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bookmobile" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobilna_biblioteka" title="Mobilna biblioteka – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Mobilna biblioteka" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirjastoauto" title="Kirjastoauto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kirjastoauto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokbuss" title="Bokbuss – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bokbuss" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நடமாடும் நூலகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நடமாடும் நூலகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Пересувна бібліотека – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пересувна бібліотека" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likui_kirji%C5%A1t" title="Likui kirjišt – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Likui kirjišt" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BA%A7y_s%C3%A1ch_l%C6%B0u_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng" title="Quầy sách lưu động – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quầy sách lưu động" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E5%8B%95%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="流動圖書館 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="流動圖書館" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" 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.hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Mobile library" redirects here. For the library in Mobile, Alabama, see <a href="/wiki/Mobile_Public_Library" title="Mobile Public Library">Mobile Public Library</a>. For the novel, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Bookmobile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Bookmobile (page does not exist)">The Bookmobile</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bookmobile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bookmobile.jpg/220px-Bookmobile.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bookmobile.jpg/330px-Bookmobile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bookmobile.jpg/440px-Bookmobile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="996" data-file-height="672" /></a><figcaption>The bookmobile of the <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Public_Library" title="Ottawa Public Library">Ottawa Public Library</a>. This particular model is based on a <a href="/wiki/Saf-T-Liner_HDX" class="mw-redirect" title="Saf-T-Liner HDX">Saf-T-Liner HDX</a> chassis.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>bookmobile</b>, or <b>mobile library</b>, is a vehicle designed for use as a library.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cooler_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cooler-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have been known by many names throughout history, including traveling library, library wagon, book wagon, book truck, library-on-wheels, and book auto service.<sup id="cite_ref-Bashaw_2010_33_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bashaw_2010_33-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bookmobiles expand the reach of traditional libraries by transporting books to potential readers, providing library services to people in otherwise underserved locations (such as remote areas) and/or circumstances (such as residents of <a href="/wiki/Retirement_home" title="Retirement home">retirement homes</a>). Bookmobile services and materials (such as Internet access, <a href="/wiki/Large_print" class="mw-redirect" title="Large print">large print</a> books, and <a href="/wiki/Audiobook" title="Audiobook">audiobooks</a>), may be customized for the locations and populations served.<sup id="cite_ref-riot_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riot-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bookmobiles have been based on various means of conveyance, including bicycles, carts, motor vehicles, trains, watercraft, and wagons, as well as camels, donkeys, elephants, horses, and mules.<sup id="cite_ref-Bashaw_2010_33_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bashaw_2010_33-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-riot_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riot-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WarringtonPerambulatingLibrary.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/WarringtonPerambulatingLibrary.jpg/220px-WarringtonPerambulatingLibrary.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/WarringtonPerambulatingLibrary.jpg/330px-WarringtonPerambulatingLibrary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/WarringtonPerambulatingLibrary.jpg/440px-WarringtonPerambulatingLibrary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1650" data-file-height="2200" /></a><figcaption>The Perambulating Library of 1859 in <a href="/wiki/Warrington" title="Warrington">Warrington</a>, England<sup id="cite_ref-riot_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riot-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In the United States of America, <a href="/wiki/The_American_School_Library" title="The American School Library">The American School Library</a> (1839) was a traveling frontier library published by <a href="/wiki/Harper_%26_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Harper & Brothers">Harper & Brothers</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Smithsonian_Institution" class="mw-redirect" title="The Smithsonian Institution">The Smithsonian Institution's </a> <a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_American_History" title="National Museum of American History">National Museum of American History</a> has the only complete original set of this series complete with its wooden carrying case.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_British_Workman" title="The British Workman">The British Workman</a></i> reported in 1857<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> about a perambulating library operating in a circle of eight villages, in <a href="/wiki/Cumbria" title="Cumbria">Cumbria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-promising_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-promising-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Victorian merchant and philanthropist, George Moore, had created the project to "diffuse good literature among the rural population".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Warrington_Perambulating_Library" title="Warrington Perambulating Library">Warrington Perambulating Library</a>, set up in 1858, was another early British mobile library.<sup id="cite_ref-cooler_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cooler-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This horse-drawn van was operated by the Warrington <a href="/wiki/Mechanics%27_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechanics' Institute">Mechanics' Institute</a>, which aimed to increase the lending of its books to enthusiastic local patrons.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the late 1800s, Women's Clubs began advocating for Bookmobiles in the state of Texas and throughout the United States. Kate Rotan of the Women's Club in Waco, Texas was the first to advocate for bookmobiles. She was president of the Texas Federation of Women's Clubs (TFWC). During this time Women's Clubs were encouraged to promote bookmobiles because they embraced their ideas and missions. After receiving so much support and promotion these traveling libraries increased in numbers all around the United States. In the state of New York from 1895 to 1898 the number of bookmobiles increased to 980. The United States Women Clubs became their primary advocate.<sup id="cite_ref-Cummings,_Jennifer_1966._pp._299_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cummings,_Jennifer_1966._pp._299-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Blount-county-book-mobile-1943-tn1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Blount-county-book-mobile-1943-tn1.jpg/220px-Blount-county-book-mobile-1943-tn1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Blount-county-book-mobile-1943-tn1.jpg/330px-Blount-county-book-mobile-1943-tn1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Blount-county-book-mobile-1943-tn1.jpg/440px-Blount-county-book-mobile-1943-tn1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1048" data-file-height="611" /></a><figcaption>A "book mobile" serving children in <a href="/wiki/Blount_County,_Tennessee" title="Blount County, Tennessee">Blount County, Tennessee</a>, United States, in 1943</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_the_Athens_Regional_Library_bookmobile,_Athens,_Georgia,_1948_September_-_DPLA_-_f14b48f318bf6b4dcc9bcd2df89372e0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Photograph_of_the_Athens_Regional_Library_bookmobile%2C_Athens%2C_Georgia%2C_1948_September_-_DPLA_-_f14b48f318bf6b4dcc9bcd2df89372e0.jpg/220px-Photograph_of_the_Athens_Regional_Library_bookmobile%2C_Athens%2C_Georgia%2C_1948_September_-_DPLA_-_f14b48f318bf6b4dcc9bcd2df89372e0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Photograph_of_the_Athens_Regional_Library_bookmobile%2C_Athens%2C_Georgia%2C_1948_September_-_DPLA_-_f14b48f318bf6b4dcc9bcd2df89372e0.jpg/330px-Photograph_of_the_Athens_Regional_Library_bookmobile%2C_Athens%2C_Georgia%2C_1948_September_-_DPLA_-_f14b48f318bf6b4dcc9bcd2df89372e0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Photograph_of_the_Athens_Regional_Library_bookmobile%2C_Athens%2C_Georgia%2C_1948_September_-_DPLA_-_f14b48f318bf6b4dcc9bcd2df89372e0.jpg/440px-Photograph_of_the_Athens_Regional_Library_bookmobile%2C_Athens%2C_Georgia%2C_1948_September_-_DPLA_-_f14b48f318bf6b4dcc9bcd2df89372e0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4158" data-file-height="3346" /></a><figcaption>Photograph of Mrs. Asbell, a housewife with an invalid husband, coming out to meet the Athens Regional Library bookmobile in Athens, Georgia, September 1948.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Women's Club movement in 1904, had the standard to be held accountable for the influx of bookmobiles in thirty out of fifty states. Because of the Texas Federation of Women's Clubs (TFWC), a new legislation to develop public libraries in Texas became possible after much advocating from TFWC for bookmobiles. This new legislation brought in library improvements and expansions that included establishing a system of traveling libraries in Texas. Women's Clubs wanted state governments to step in and create commissions for these traveling libraries. They hoped the commissions would boost the managers of the bookmobile's "Library Sprit". Unfortunately, the Texas Library Association (TLA) could not provide the type of service that is already provided to state libraries to bookmobiles.<sup id="cite_ref-Cummings,_Jennifer_1966._pp._299_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cummings,_Jennifer_1966._pp._299-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Rijdende_bibliotheek_doet_zijn_intrede_Weeknummer_51-43_-_Open_Beelden_-_63122.ogv/220px--Rijdende_bibliotheek_doet_zijn_intrede_Weeknummer_51-43_-_Open_Beelden_-_63122.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="87" data-mwtitle="Rijdende_bibliotheek_doet_zijn_intrede_Weeknummer_51-43_-_Open_Beelden_-_63122.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Rijdende_bibliotheek_doet_zijn_intrede_Weeknummer_51-43_-_Open_Beelden_-_63122.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/Rijdende_bibliotheek_doet_zijn_intrede_Weeknummer_51-43_-_Open_Beelden_-_63122.ogv/Rijdende_bibliotheek_doet_zijn_intrede_Weeknummer_51-43_-_Open_Beelden_-_63122.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="384" data-height="288" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Rijdende_bibliotheek_doet_zijn_intrede_Weeknummer_51-43_-_Open_Beelden_-_63122.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="384" data-height="288" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/10/Rijdende_bibliotheek_doet_zijn_intrede_Weeknummer_51-43_-_Open_Beelden_-_63122.ogv/Rijdende_bibliotheek_doet_zijn_intrede_Weeknummer_51-43_-_Open_Beelden_-_63122.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /></video></span><figcaption>1951 video of a "bibliobus" serving small villages in the Netherlands</figcaption></figure> <p>One of the earliest mobile libraries in the United States was a mule-drawn wagon carrying wooden boxes of books. It was created in 1904 by the People's Free Library of <a href="/wiki/Chester_County,_South_Carolina" title="Chester County, South Carolina">Chester County, South Carolina</a>, and served the rural areas there.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another early mobile library service was developed by <a href="/wiki/Mary_Lemist_Titcomb" title="Mary Lemist Titcomb">Mary Lemist Titcomb</a> (1857–1932).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pbs_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WiegandDavis1994_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WiegandDavis1994-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wbur_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wbur-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a librarian in <a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Maryland" title="Washington County, Maryland">Washington County, Maryland</a>, Titcomb was concerned that the library was not reaching all the people it could.<sup id="cite_ref-pbs_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meant as a way to reach more library patrons, the annual report for 1902 listed 23 deposit stations, with each being a collection of 50 books in a case that was placed in a store or post office throughout the county.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although popular, Titcomb realized that even this did not reach the most rural residents, and so she cemented the idea of a "book wagon" in 1905, taking the library materials directly to people's homes in remote parts of the county.<sup id="cite_ref-riot_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riot-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-promising_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-promising-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wbur_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wbur-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After securing a Carnegie gift of $2,500, Titcomb purchased a black Concord wagon and employed the library janitor to drive it.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The book wagon proved popular, with 1,008 volumes distributed within its first six months. <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the rise of motorized transport in America, a pioneering librarian in 1920 named <a href="/wiki/Sarah_Byrd_Askew" title="Sarah Byrd Askew">Sarah Byrd Askew</a> began driving her specially outfitted <a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_T" title="Ford Model T">Model T</a> to provide library books to rural areas in New Jersey.<sup id="cite_ref-past_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-past-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The automobile remained rare, however, and in Minneapolis, the <a href="/wiki/Hennepin_County_Public_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Hennepin County Public Library">Hennepin County Public Library</a> operated a horse-drawn book wagon starting in 1922.<sup id="cite_ref-MinnPost_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MinnPost-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_the_United_States" title="Great Depression in the United States">Great Depression in the United States</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Works_Progress_Administration" title="Works Progress Administration">WPA</a> effort from 1935 to 1943 called the <a href="/wiki/Pack_Horse_Library_Project" title="Pack Horse Library Project">Pack Horse Library Project</a> covered the remote coves and mountainsides of Kentucky and nearby Appalachia, bringing books and similar supplies on foot and on hoof to those who could not make the trip to a library on their own. Sometimes these "packhorse librarians" relied on a centralized contact to help them distribute the materials.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At <a href="/wiki/Fairfax_County,_Virginia" title="Fairfax County, Virginia">Fairfax County, Virginia</a>, county-wide bookmobile service was begun in 1940, in a truck loaned by the <a href="/wiki/Works_Progress_Administration" title="Works Progress Administration">Works Progress Administration</a> (WPA). The WPA support of the bookmobile ended in 1942, but the service continued.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The "Library in Action" was a late-1960s bookmobile program in the <a href="/wiki/Bronx,_NY" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronx, NY">Bronx, NY</a>, run by interracial staff that brought books to teenagers of color in under-served neighborhoods.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bookmobiles reached the height of their popularity in the mid-twentieth century.<sup id="cite_ref-riot_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riot-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wbur_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wbur-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In England, bookmobiles, or "traveling libraries" as they were called in that country, were typically used in rural and outlying areas. However, during World War II, one traveling library found popularity in the city of London. Because of air raids and blackouts, patrons did not visit the Metropolitan Borough of Saint Pancras's physical libraries as much as before the war. To meet the needs of its citizens, the borough borrowed a traveling library van from Hastings and in 1941 created a "war-time library on wheels." (The Saint Pancras borough was abolished in 1965 and became part of the London Borough of Camden.) </p><p>The Saint Pancras traveling library consisted of a van mounted on a six-wheel chassis powered by a Ford engine. The traveling library could carry more than 2,000 books on open-access shelves that ran the length of the van. The books were arranged in Dewey order, and up to 20 patrons could fit into the van at one time to browse and check out materials. A staff enclosure was at the rear of the van, and the van was lighted with windows in the roof – each fitted with black-out curtains in case of a German bombing raid. The van could even be used at night, as it was fitted with electric roof lamps that could access electrical current from a nearby lamp-standard or civil defense post. The traveling library had a selection of fiction and non-fiction works; it even had a children's section with fairy tales and non-fiction books for kids. </p><p>The mayor of the borough christened the van with a speech, saying that "People without books are like houses without windows." Even after heavy night bombings by the Germans, readers visited the Saint Pancras Traveling Library in some of the worst bombed areas.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm/220px--Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="137" data-mwtitle="Bibliobús_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bd/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm/Bibliob%C3%BAs_Puigdon_es_posa_en_marxa.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>2016 video of a "bibliobús" serving small towns in Catalonia</figcaption></figure> <p>Bookmobiles are still in use in the 21st century, operated by libraries, schools, activists, and other organizations. Although some<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (April 2020)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> feel that the bookmobile is an outmoded service, citing reasons like high costs, advanced technology, impracticality, and ineffectiveness, others cite the ability of the bookmobile to be more cost-efficient than building more branch libraries would be and its high use among its patrons as support for its continuation.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To meet the growing demand for "greener" bookmobiles that deliver outreach services to their patrons, some bookmobile manufacturers have introduced significant advances to reduce their <a href="/wiki/Carbon_footprint" title="Carbon footprint">carbon footprint</a>, such as solar/battery solutions in lieu of traditional generators, and all-electric and hybrid-electric chassis.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Bookmobiles have also taken on an updated form in the form of <i>m libraries</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also known as <i>mobile libraries</i><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which patrons are delivered content electronically.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a> runs its own bookmobile to print out-of-copyright books on demand.<sup id="cite_ref-SchnappBattles2014_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SchnappBattles2014-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project has spun off similar efforts elsewhere in the developing world.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/The_Free_Black_Women%27s_Library" title="The Free Black Women's Library">The Free Black Women's Library</a> is a mobile library in Brooklyn. Founded by Ola Ronke Akinmowo in 2015, this bookmobile features books written by black women. Titles are available in exchange for other titles written by black female authors.<sup id="cite_ref-Atwell_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Atwell-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="National_Bookmobile_Day">National Bookmobile Day</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: National Bookmobile Day"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the U.S., the <a href="/wiki/American_Library_Association" title="American Library Association">American Library Association</a> sponsors National Bookmobile Day in April each year, on the Wednesday of <a href="/wiki/National_Library_Week" title="National Library Week">National Library Week</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They celebrate the nation's bookmobiles and the dedicated library professionals who provide this service to their communities.<sup id="cite_ref-riot_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riot-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2021, the American Library Association (ALA), the Association of Bookmobile and Outreach Services (ABOS), and the Association for Rural and Small Libraries (ARSL) agreed to rebrand National Bookmobile Day in recognition of all that outreach library professional do within their communities. Instead, libraries across the country will observe National Library Outreach Day on April 7, 2021. Formerly known as National Bookmobile Day, communities will celebrate the invaluable role library professionals and libraries continuous play in bringing library services to those in need.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-riot_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riot-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Countries">Countries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Countries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa">Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In Kenya, the Camel Mobile Library Service is funded by the <a href="/wiki/National_Library_Service_of_Kenya" title="National Library Service of Kenya">National Library Service of Kenya</a> and by <a href="/wiki/Book_Aid_International" title="Book Aid International">Book Aid International</a> and it operates in <a href="/wiki/Garissa" title="Garissa">Garissa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wajir" title="Wajir">Wajir</a>, near the border with <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a>. The service started with three camels in October 1996 and had 12 in 2006, delivering more than 7,000 books<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> —in English, <a href="/wiki/Somali_language" title="Somali language">Somali</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Swahili</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pbs_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Masha_Hamilton" title="Masha Hamilton">Masha Hamilton</a> used this service as a background for her 2007 novel <i>The Camel Bookmobile</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hamilton_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hamilton-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"Donkey Drawn Electro-Communication Library Carts" were being employed in <a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a> in 2002 as "a centre for electric and electronic communication: radio, telephone, fax, e-mail, Internet".<sup id="cite_ref-IFLA_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IFLA-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2008_truck_Idea_Store_London_3058628730.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/2008_truck_Idea_Store_London_3058628730.jpg/220px-2008_truck_Idea_Store_London_3058628730.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/2008_truck_Idea_Store_London_3058628730.jpg/330px-2008_truck_Idea_Store_London_3058628730.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/2008_truck_Idea_Store_London_3058628730.jpg/440px-2008_truck_Idea_Store_London_3058628730.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Mobile <a href="/wiki/Idea_Store" title="Idea Store">Idea Store</a>, London, 2008</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cape_May_County_Bookmobile_CMCH_NJ.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Cape_May_County_Bookmobile_CMCH_NJ.jpg/220px-Cape_May_County_Bookmobile_CMCH_NJ.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Cape_May_County_Bookmobile_CMCH_NJ.jpg/330px-Cape_May_County_Bookmobile_CMCH_NJ.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Cape_May_County_Bookmobile_CMCH_NJ.jpg/440px-Cape_May_County_Bookmobile_CMCH_NJ.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5118" data-file-height="3070" /></a><figcaption>Cape May County Library bookmobile in <a href="/wiki/Cape_May_Court_House,_New_Jersey" title="Cape May Court House, New Jersey">Cape May Court House, New Jersey</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a> <a href="/wiki/Bishwo_Shahitto_Kendro" title="Bishwo Shahitto Kendro">Bishwo Shahitto Kendro</a> pioneered the concept of mobile library. Mobile library was introduced in Bangladesh in 1999. Then the service was limited to <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chittagong" title="Chittagong">Chattogram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khulna" title="Khulna">Khulna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rajshahi" title="Rajshahi">Rajshahi</a> only. Now the service is available in 58 districts of the country. There are about 330,000 registered users of this library. These mobile libraries together gives the service of 1900 small libraries in 1900 localities of the country.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>, mobile libraries are known as <span title="Malay (macrolanguage)-language text"><i lang="ms">Perpustakaan Bergerak</i></span>. They are operated by <a href="/wiki/Language_and_Literature_Bureau" title="Language and Literature Bureau">Language and Literature Bureau</a>, the government body which manages public libraries in the country. The service was introduced in 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In Indonesia in 2015, Ridwan Sururi and his horse "Luna" started a mobile library called <i>Kudapustaka</i> (meaning "horse library" in Indonesian). The goal is to improve access to books for villagers in a region that has more than 977,000 illiterate adults. The duo travel between villages in <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">central Java</a> with books balanced on Luna's back. Sururi also visits schools three times a week.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> in 2002, mobile libraries were taking several unique forms.<sup id="cite_ref-Mobile_Section_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mobile_Section-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Elephant Libraries were bringing books as well as information technology equipment and services to 46 remote villages in the hills of <a href="/wiki/Northern_Thailand" title="Northern Thailand">Northern Thailand</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pbs_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This project was awarded the <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> International Literacy Prize for 2002.</li> <li>A Floating Library had two book boats, one of which was outfitted with computers.</li> <li>A three-car "Library Train for Homeless Children" (parked in a siding near the railway police compound) was a "joint project with the railway police in an initiative to keep homeless children from crime and exploitation by channeling them to more constructive activities". The train was being replicated in "a slum community in <a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a>", where it, too, would include a library car, a classroom car, and a computer and music car.</li> <li>Book Houses were shipping containers fitted out as libraries with books. The 10 original Book Houses were so popular, another 20 units were already being planned.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Boat_Libraries" title="Boat Libraries">Boat Library Services</a> were operated under the auspices of the <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh_Library_Association" title="Andhra Pradesh Library Association">Andhra Pradesh Library Association</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vijayawada" title="Vijayawada">Vijayawada</a>, Andhra Pradesh State. <a href="/wiki/Paturi_Nagabhushanam" title="Paturi Nagabhushanam">Paturi Nagabhushanam</a> initiated boat libraries to inculcate interest in reading of books and libraries among the rural public in 1935 October, as an extended activity of Andhra Pradesh Library Movement. He had run this service for about seven years to benefit the villagers travelling on boats, which was a major travel and transportation facility available in those days. These libraries facilitated <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> literary journals and books.,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The First bookmobile in the State of <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a> was operated by Heidelberg Library (now <a href="/wiki/Yarra_Plenty_Regional_Library" title="Yarra Plenty Regional Library">Yarra Plenty Regional Library</a>) in the <a href="/wiki/City_of_Heidelberg" title="City of Heidelberg">City of Heidelberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> in 1954.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mobile_Library_(geograph_3691202).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Mobile_Library_%28geograph_3691202%29.jpg/220px-Mobile_Library_%28geograph_3691202%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Mobile_Library_%28geograph_3691202%29.jpg/330px-Mobile_Library_%28geograph_3691202%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Mobile_Library_%28geograph_3691202%29.jpg/440px-Mobile_Library_%28geograph_3691202%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire_County_Council" title="Lincolnshire County Council">Lincolnshire</a> mobile library covering small villages in this English county<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bookmobile_at_Turku_Book_Fair_2014_-_Sastamala_pix_C_IMG_2110.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Bookmobile_at_Turku_Book_Fair_2014_-_Sastamala_pix_C_IMG_2110.jpg/220px-Bookmobile_at_Turku_Book_Fair_2014_-_Sastamala_pix_C_IMG_2110.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Bookmobile_at_Turku_Book_Fair_2014_-_Sastamala_pix_C_IMG_2110.jpg/330px-Bookmobile_at_Turku_Book_Fair_2014_-_Sastamala_pix_C_IMG_2110.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Bookmobile_at_Turku_Book_Fair_2014_-_Sastamala_pix_C_IMG_2110.jpg/440px-Bookmobile_at_Turku_Book_Fair_2014_-_Sastamala_pix_C_IMG_2110.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3918" data-file-height="2474" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sastamala" title="Sastamala">Sastamala</a> town's bookmobile at the 2014 book fair in <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/Glasgow" title="Glasgow">Glasgow</a>, Scotland, in 2002, MobileMeet—a gathering of about 50 mobile libraries that was held annually by the <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Library_Associations_and_Institutions" title="International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions">IFLA</a>—there were "mobiles from Sweden, Holland, Ireland, England, and of course Scotland. There were big vans from Edinburgh and small vans from the Highlands. Many of the vans were proudly carrying awards from previous meets."<sup id="cite_ref-Mobile_Section_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mobile_Section-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Since 1953, the Libraries of the Community of <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, Spain, have operated a <i><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">bibliobus</i></span></i> program with books, DVDs, CDs, and other library materials available for checkout.<sup id="cite_ref-Madrid_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Madrid-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A floating library, aboard the ship <i><a href="/wiki/Epos_library_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Epos library ship">Epos</a></i>, was begun in 1959 and serves the many small communities on the coast of <a href="/wiki/Western_Norway" title="Western Norway">Western Norway</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, the bookmobile "Katarina Jee" has been running since 2008, serving patrons in suburbs of Tallinn.</li> <li>In Finland, the first mobile library was established in <a href="/wiki/Vantaa" title="Vantaa">Vantaa</a> in 1913.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are currently about 200 bookmobiles in Finland, operating across the country.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America">North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Street_Books" title="Street Books">Street Books</a> is a nonprofit book service founded in 2011 in <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a>, that travels via bicycle-powered cart to lend books to "people living outside".<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Books on Bikes<sup id="cite_ref-SPL_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SPL-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a program begun in 2013 by the <a href="/wiki/Seattle_Public_Library" title="Seattle Public Library">Seattle Public Library</a> that uses a customized bicycle trailer pulled by pedal power to bring library services to community events in Seattle.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Library Cruiser is a "book bike" from the <a href="/wiki/Volusia_County,_Florida" title="Volusia County, Florida">Volusia County</a> Libraries that debuted in Florida in September 2015. Library staff ride it to various locations, offering library books for checkout, as well as WiFi service, ebook access help, and information on obtaining a library card.<sup id="cite_ref-DBFOL_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DBFOL-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bookleggers_Library" title="Bookleggers Library">Bookleggers Library</a> is nonprofit mobile library program in <a href="/wiki/Miami" title="Miami">Miami</a>, Florida founded in 2012 that expands access to free books.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_America">South America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: South America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Biblioburro" title="Biblioburro">Biblioburro</a> is a mobile library by which Colombian teacher Luis Soriano and his two donkeys, Alfa and Beto, bring books to children in rural villages twice a week. <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a> chose Soriano as one of their 2010 Heroes of the Year.<sup id="cite_ref-riot_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-riot-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pbs_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pbs-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Mobile libraries around the world</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mobile_library_in_Dhaka.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bangladesh - 2020"><img alt="Bangladesh - 2020" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Mobile_library_in_Dhaka.jpg/200px-Mobile_library_in_Dhaka.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Mobile_library_in_Dhaka.jpg/300px-Mobile_library_in_Dhaka.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Mobile_library_in_Dhaka.jpg/400px-Mobile_library_in_Dhaka.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bangladesh - 2020</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bicicloteca_de_Robson_Mendon%C3%A7a.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Brazil - 2011"><img alt="Brazil - 2011" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bicicloteca_de_Robson_Mendon%C3%A7a.JPG/200px-Bicicloteca_de_Robson_Mendon%C3%A7a.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bicicloteca_de_Robson_Mendon%C3%A7a.JPG/300px-Bicicloteca_de_Robson_Mendon%C3%A7a.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Bicicloteca_de_Robson_Mendon%C3%A7a.JPG/400px-Bicicloteca_de_Robson_Mendon%C3%A7a.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Brazil - 2011</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bondinho_-_XV_de_Novembro.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brazil - 2017"><img alt="Brazil - 2017" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bondinho_-_XV_de_Novembro.jpg/200px-Bondinho_-_XV_de_Novembro.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bondinho_-_XV_de_Novembro.jpg/300px-Bondinho_-_XV_de_Novembro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Bondinho_-_XV_de_Novembro.jpg/400px-Bondinho_-_XV_de_Novembro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5488" data-file-height="3538" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Brazil - 2017</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Biblioburro.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Colombia - 2006 Biblioburro"><img alt="Colombia - 2006 Biblioburro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Biblioburro.jpg/200px-Biblioburro.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Biblioburro.jpg/300px-Biblioburro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Biblioburro.jpg/400px-Biblioburro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="810" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Colombia - 2006<br /><a href="/wiki/Biblioburro" title="Biblioburro">Biblioburro</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bokb%C3%A5t.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Norway - 2011 Epos"><img alt="Norway - 2011 Epos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Bokb%C3%A5t.jpg/200px-Bokb%C3%A5t.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Bokb%C3%A5t.jpg/300px-Bokb%C3%A5t.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Bokb%C3%A5t.jpg/400px-Bokb%C3%A5t.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Norway - 2011<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Epos_(library_ship)" title="Epos (library ship)">Epos</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gais20070413S693_1025.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Switzerland - 2007"><img alt="Switzerland - 2007" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Gais20070413S693_1025.jpg/200px-Gais20070413S693_1025.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Gais20070413S693_1025.jpg/300px-Gais20070413S693_1025.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Gais20070413S693_1025.jpg/400px-Gais20070413S693_1025.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1711" data-file-height="1283" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Switzerland - 2007</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bookmobile_-_Fresno_County_Public_Library_(exterior).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fresno County, California (United States) - 2019"><img alt="Fresno County, California (United States) - 2019" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Bookmobile_-_Fresno_County_Public_Library_%28exterior%29.jpg/200px-Bookmobile_-_Fresno_County_Public_Library_%28exterior%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Bookmobile_-_Fresno_County_Public_Library_%28exterior%29.jpg/300px-Bookmobile_-_Fresno_County_Public_Library_%28exterior%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Bookmobile_-_Fresno_County_Public_Library_%28exterior%29.jpg/400px-Bookmobile_-_Fresno_County_Public_Library_%28exterior%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1254" data-file-height="966" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fresno County, California (United States) - 2019</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Poj%C3%ADzdn%C3%A1_knihovna_20230912_161016.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Prague, Czech Republic - 2023"><img alt="Prague, Czech Republic - 2023" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Poj%C3%ADzdn%C3%A1_knihovna_20230912_161016.jpg/200px-Poj%C3%ADzdn%C3%A1_knihovna_20230912_161016.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Poj%C3%ADzdn%C3%A1_knihovna_20230912_161016.jpg/300px-Poj%C3%ADzdn%C3%A1_knihovna_20230912_161016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Poj%C3%ADzdn%C3%A1_knihovna_20230912_161016.jpg/400px-Poj%C3%ADzdn%C3%A1_knihovna_20230912_161016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5664" data-file-height="4248" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> - 2023</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_library" title="Digital library">Digital library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traveling_library" title="Traveling library">Traveling library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boat_Libraries" title="Boat Libraries">Boat Libraries</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 33em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a 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Sudbury: Branch and Mobile Libraries Group of the Library Association. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85365-640-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-85365-640-1"><bdi>0-85365-640-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Illustrated+History+of+Mobile+Library+Services+in+the+UK+with+notes+on+traveling+libraries+and+early+public+library+transport&rft.place=Sudbury&rft.pub=Branch+and+Mobile+Libraries+Group+of+the+Library+Association&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0-85365-640-1&rft.aulast=Orton&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cummings,_Jennifer_1966._pp._299-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cummings,_Jennifer_1966._pp._299_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cummings,_Jennifer_1966._pp._299_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cummings, Jennifer. "'How Can We Fail?' The Texas State Library's Traveling Libraries and Bookmobiles, 1916-1966." Libraries & the Cultural Record, vol. 44, no. 3, Aug. 2009, pp. 299–325. EBSCOhost, doi:10.1353/lac.0.0080.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libsci.sc.edu/histories/vts/vts09.html">"History"</a>. <i>Chester County Free Public Library</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613172509/http://www.libsci.sc.edu/histories/vts/vts09.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chester+County+Free+Public+Library&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.libsci.sc.edu%2Fhistories%2Fvts%2Fvts09.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whilbr.org/bookmobile/index.aspx">"The first county bookmobile in the US, Western Maryland Regional Library"</a>. <i>whilbr.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20061129031405/http://www.whilbr.org/bookmobile/index.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 29 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 July</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=whilbr.org&rft.atitle=The+first+county+bookmobile+in+the+US%2C+Western+Maryland+Regional+Library&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whilbr.org%2Fbookmobile%2Findex.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pbs-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pbs_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pbs_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pbs_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pbs_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pbs_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190313151431/http://archive.pov.org/biblioburro/bookmobile/">"A History of the Bookmobile"</a>. <i>PBS</i>. 19 July 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.pov.org/biblioburro/bookmobile/">the original</a> on 13 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=PBS&rft.atitle=A+History+of+the+Bookmobile&rft.date=2011-07-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.pov.org%2Fbiblioburro%2Fbookmobile%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WiegandDavis1994-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WiegandDavis1994_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoanne_E._Passet1994" class="citation book cs1">Joanne E. Passet (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WR9bsvhc4XMC&pg=PA315">"Itinerating Libraries"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Wayne_A._Wiegand" title="Wayne A. Wiegand">Wayne A. Wiegand</a> and Donald G. Davis (ed.). <i>Encyclopedia of Library History</i>. Taylor & Francis. pp. 315–317. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-5787-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8240-5787-9"><bdi>978-0-8240-5787-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Itinerating+Libraries&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Library+History&rft.pages=315-317&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-8240-5787-9&rft.au=Joanne+E.+Passet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWR9bsvhc4XMC%26pg%3DPA315&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wbur-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wbur_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wbur_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wbur_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180413145626/https://www.wbur.org/hereandnow/2018/04/10/library-on-wheels-sharlee-glenn">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Library on Wheels' Travels The Path Of America's First Bookmobile"</a>. <i>WBUR Here & Now</i>. 10 April 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wbur.org/hereandnow/2018/04/10/library-on-wheels-sharlee-glenn">the original</a> on 13 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WBUR+Here+%26+Now&rft.atitle=%27Library+on+Wheels%27+Travels+The+Path+Of+America%27s+First+Bookmobile&rft.date=2018-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wbur.org%2Fhereandnow%2F2018%2F04%2F10%2Flibrary-on-wheels-sharlee-glenn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWashington_County_Free_Library" class="citation book cs1">Washington County Free Library. <i>First Annual Report for the Year ending October 1, 1902</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=First+Annual+Report+for+the+Year+ending+October+1%2C+1902&rft.au=Washington+County+Free+Library&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaryland_State_Archives" class="citation news cs1">Maryland State Archives. "Maryland Women's Hall of Fame". <i>Washington County Free Library</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+County+Free+Library&rft.atitle=Maryland+Women%27s+Hall+of+Fame&rft.au=Maryland+State+Archives&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTabler2018" class="citation web cs1">Tabler, Dave (16 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180419182910/https://www.appalachianhistory.net/2018/04/first-bookmobile-in-country.html">"First bookmobile in the country"</a>. <i>Appalachian History</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.appalachianhistory.net/2018/04/first-bookmobile-in-country.html">the original</a> on 19 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Appalachian+History&rft.atitle=First+bookmobile+in+the+country&rft.date=2018-04-16&rft.aulast=Tabler&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.appalachianhistory.net%2F2018%2F04%2Ffirst-bookmobile-in-country.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevinson1991" class="citation journal cs1">Levinson, Nancy Smiler (1 May 1991). "Takin' it to the Streets: The History of the Book Wagon". <i>Library Journal</i>. <b>116</b> (8): 43-45.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Library+Journal&rft.atitle=Takin%27+it+to+the+Streets%3A+The+History+of+the+Book+Wagon&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=43-45&rft.date=1991-05-01&rft.aulast=Levinson&rft.aufirst=Nancy+Smiler&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevinson1991" class="citation journal cs1">Levinson, Nancy Smiler (1 May 1991). "Takin' it to the Streets: The History of the Book Wagon". <i>Library Journal</i>. <b>116</b> (8): 43-45.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Library+Journal&rft.atitle=Takin%27+it+to+the+Streets%3A+The+History+of+the+Book+Wagon&rft.volume=116&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=43-45&rft.date=1991-05-01&rft.aulast=Levinson&rft.aufirst=Nancy+Smiler&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-past-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-past_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSusan_B._Roumfort1997" class="citation book cs1">Susan B. Roumfort (1997). "Sarah Byrd Askew, 1877–1942". In Joan N. Burstyn (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h-6WCBQPZdoC"><i>Past and Promise: Lives of New Jersey Women</i></a>. Syracuse University Press. pp. 103–104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780815604181" title="Special:BookSources/9780815604181"><bdi>9780815604181</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sarah+Byrd+Askew%2C+1877%E2%80%931942&rft.btitle=Past+and+Promise%3A+Lives+of+New+Jersey+Women&rft.pages=103-104&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780815604181&rft.au=Susan+B.+Roumfort&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh-6WCBQPZdoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MinnPost-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MinnPost_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEhling2011" class="citation news cs1">Ehling, Matt (30 June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180327212234/https://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2011/06/hennepin-county-library-system-%E2%80%93-connecting-past-present">"The Hennepin County Library system – connecting past with present"</a>. <i>MinnPost</i>. No. Politics and Policy. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2011/06/hennepin-county-library-system-%E2%80%93-connecting-past-present">the original</a> on 27 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MinnPost&rft.atitle=The+Hennepin+County+Library+system+%E2%80%93+connecting+past+with+present&rft.issue=Politics+and+Policy&rft.date=2011-06-30&rft.aulast=Ehling&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.minnpost.com%2Fpolitics-policy%2F2011%2F06%2Fhennepin-county-library-system-%25E2%2580%2593-connecting-past-present&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWPA2012" class="citation web cs1">WPA (July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kywcrh.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/WPA-Project-pack-horse-librarians-in-kentucky-1936-43.pdf">"Packhorse Librarians in Kentucky, 1936–1943"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>University of Kentucky</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150221062716/http://www.kywcrh.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/WPA-Project-pack-horse-librarians-in-kentucky-1936-43.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 21 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Kentucky&rft.atitle=Packhorse+Librarians+in+Kentucky%2C+1936%E2%80%931943&rft.date=2012-07&rft.au=WPA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kywcrh.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2012%2F07%2FWPA-Project-pack-horse-librarians-in-kentucky-1936-43.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barbuschak, Christopher, Virginia Room Archivist/Librarian, City of Fairfax Regional Library, Statement by E-Mail, sent Thursday, 16 August 2018, 10:56:52 pm:<i>[...]"in a history book entitled Fairfax County VA A History. On page 618, we found this sentence: "Herndon's Fortnightly Club established a library in 1889, and for many years this facility and the county's bookmobiles were the only library services available in the northwestern part of the county." Fairfax County did not have bookmobiles until 1940. " [...]</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAttig,_Derek2012" class="citation web cs1">Attig, Derek (12 April 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hastac.org/blogs/derekattig/2012/04/12/national-bookmobile-day-aggregation-edition">"National Bookmobile Day: Aggregation Edition"</a>. <i>HASTAC</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150308213609/http://www.hastac.org/blogs/derekattig/2012/04/12/national-bookmobile-day-aggregation-edition">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HASTAC&rft.atitle=National+Bookmobile+Day%3A+Aggregation+Edition&rft.date=2012-04-12&rft.au=Attig%2C+Derek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hastac.org%2Fblogs%2Fderekattig%2F2012%2F04%2F12%2Fnational-bookmobile-day-aggregation-edition&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Berger, M. (1977). Reading, Roadsters, and Rural America. <i>The Journal of Library History (1974–1987),</i> <i>12</i>(1), 42–49. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/25540714">25540714</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1941" class="citation journal cs1">Sinclair, Frederick (1941). "War-time London's Library on Wheels". <i>Wilson Library Bulletin</i>. <b>16</b>: 220–223.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wilson+Library+Bulletin&rft.atitle=War-time+London%27s+Library+on+Wheels&rft.volume=16&rft.pages=220-223&rft.date=1941&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBashaw,_D.2010" class="citation news cs1">Bashaw, D. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141109174109/http://www.ala.org/alsc/sites/ala.org.alsc/files/content/compubs/childrenlib/index_vol8.pdf">"On the road again: A look at bookmobiles, then and now"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Children & Libraries</i>. Vol. 8, no. 1. pp. 32–35. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ala.org/alsc/sites/ala.org.alsc/files/content/compubs/childrenlib/index_vol8.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 9 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Gallery+of+Heroes&rft.atitle=Luis+Soriano&rft.date=2014-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegalleryofheroes.com%2Fluis-soriano%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bookmobile&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bookmobiles" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bookmobiles"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Bookmobiles</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinnell,_Joshua2009" class="citation web cs1">Finnell, Joshua (7 March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msuphilosophyclub.blogspot.com/2009/03/bookmobile-defining-information-poor.html">"The Bookmobile: Defining the Information Poor"</a>. <i>MSU Philosophy Club</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MSU+Philosophy+Club&rft.atitle=The+Bookmobile%3A+Defining+the+Information+Poor&rft.date=2009-03-07&rft.au=Finnell%2C+Joshua&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmsuphilosophyclub.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F03%2Fbookmobile-defining-information-poor.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span> An article on the history of the bookmobile in the US.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing,_Stephen2011" class="citation news cs1">King, Stephen (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304042158/http://www.readallday.org/blog/the-magic-of-the-bookmobile-take-two/">"The Magic of the Bookmobile, Take Two"</a>. <i>Read All Day</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.readallday.org/blog/the-magic-of-the-bookmobile-take-two/">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Read+All+Day&rft.atitle=The+Magic+of+the+Bookmobile%2C+Take+Two&rft.date=2011&rft.au=King%2C+Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.readallday.org%2Fblog%2Fthe-magic-of-the-bookmobile-take-two%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore,_Benita1989" class="citation book cs1">Moore, Benita (1989). <i>A Lancashire Year</i>. Preston: Carnegie Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Lancashire+Year&rft.place=Preston&rft.pub=Carnegie+Publishing&rft.date=1989&rft.au=Moore%2C+Benita&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span> Based on experiences while working on the Lancashire County Library mobile library service in the 1960s.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNix,_Larry_T." class="citation web cs1">Nix, Larry T. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.libraryhistorybuff.com/bookmobile.htm">"A Tribute to the Bookmobile"</a>. <i>Library History Buff</i>. USA.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+History+Buff&rft.atitle=A+Tribute+to+the+Bookmobile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.libraryhistorybuff.com%2Fbookmobile.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOrtwein,_Orty" class="citation web cs1">Ortwein, Orty (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bookmobiles.wordpress.com/">"Bookmobiles: a History"</a>. <i>Wordpress</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Wordpress&rft.atitle=Bookmobiles%3A+a+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbookmobiles.wordpress.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStringer,_Ian2001" class="citation book cs1">Stringer, Ian (2001). <i>Britain's Mobile Libraries</i>. Appleby-in-Westmorland: Trans-Pennine Publishing in association with Branch & Mobile Libraries Group of the Library Association. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-903016-15-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-903016-15-0"><bdi>1-903016-15-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Britain%27s+Mobile+Libraries&rft.place=Appleby-in-Westmorland&rft.pub=Trans-Pennine+Publishing+in+association+with+Branch+%26+Mobile+Libraries+Group+of+the+Library+Association&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-903016-15-0&rft.au=Stringer%2C+Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStringer,_Ian_(coordinated_by)2010" class="citation book cs1">Stringer, Ian (coordinated by) (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifla.org/en/publications/ifla-professional-reports-123"><i>Mobile Library Guidelines</i></a>. Paris: <a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Library_Associations_and_Institutions" title="International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions">IFLA</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-77897-45-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-77897-45-4"><bdi>978-90-77897-45-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mobile+Library+Guidelines&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=IFLA&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-90-77897-45-4&rft.au=Stringer%2C+Ian+%28coordinated+by%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ifla.org%2Fen%2Fpublications%2Fifla-professional-reports-123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABookmobile" class="Z3988"></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0168-1931">0168-1931</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Library" title="Library">Libraries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Library_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">library science</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Types_of_library" title="Category:Types of library">Types of library</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_library" title="Academic library">Academic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archive" title="Archive">Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_branch" title="Library branch">Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library#Children's_libraries" title="Library">Children's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_library" title="Christian library">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_consortium" title="Library consortium">Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_library" title="Digital library">Digital</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_library" title="Shadow library">shadow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_library" title="Hybrid library">Hybrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_library" title="Law library">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lending_library" title="Lending library">Lending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_things" title="Library of things">Library of things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Map_collection" title="Map collection">Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_library" title="Medical library">Medicine</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_library" title="Music library">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_library" title="National library">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_library" title="Presidential library">Presidential</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_library_system" title="Presidential library system">U.S.</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_library" title="Prison library">Prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_library" title="Private library">Private</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_library" title="Public library">Public</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carnegie_library" title="Carnegie library">Carnegie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_library" title="Research library">Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_library" title="School library">School</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Learning_Resource_Centre" title="Learning Resource Centre">Learning Resource Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_school_libraries_in_the_United_States" title="Virtual school libraries in the United States">virtual</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_collections" title="Special collections">Special collections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_library" title="Special library">Special library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_bookcase" title="Public bookcase">Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subscription_library" title="Subscription library">Subscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_library" title="Tool library">Tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy_library" title="Toy library">Toy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_library" title="Transportation library">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traveling_library" title="Traveling library">Traveling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types of <a href="/wiki/Librarian" title="Librarian">librarian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Distance_education_librarian" title="Distance education librarian">Distance education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-Science_librarianship" title="E-Science librarianship">E-science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign,_comparative,_and_international_law_librarian" title="Foreign, comparative, and international law librarian">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_librarianship" title="Music librarianship">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ensemble_librarianship" title="Ensemble librarianship">ensemble</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periodicals_librarian" title="Periodicals librarian">Periodicals/serials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teacher-librarian" title="Teacher-librarian">School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_professional" title="Information professional">Information professional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informationist" title="Informationist">Informationist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_and_information_scientist" title="Library and information scientist">Library and information scientist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Library_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">Library science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Five_laws_of_library_science" title="Five laws of library science">Five laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_and_information_science" title="Library and information science">Library and information science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_for_librarianship" title="Education for librarianship">Education for librarianship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_acquisitions" title="Library acquisitions">Acquisitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archival_science" title="Archival science">Archival science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_assessment" title="Library assessment">Assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cataloging_(library_science)" title="Cataloging (library science)">Cataloging</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_catalog" title="Library catalog">catalog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_public_access_catalog" title="Online public access catalog">OPAC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_circulation" title="Library circulation">Circulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_classification" title="Library classification">Classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collection_development" title="Collection development">Collection development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_collection" title="Collective collection">Collective collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_and_restoration_of_books,_manuscripts,_documents_and_ephemera" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservation and restoration of books, manuscripts, documents and ephemera">Conservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_system_(bibliographic_search)" title="Discovery system (bibliographic search)">Discovery system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_resource_management" title="Electronic resource management">Electronic resource management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_literacy" title="Information literacy">Information literacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inventory_(library_and_archive)" title="Inventory (library and archive)">Inventory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_deposit" title="Legal deposit">Legal deposit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_history" title="Library history">Library history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_instruction" title="Library instruction">Library instruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_management" title="Library management">Library management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_publishing" title="Library publishing">Library publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preservation_(library_and_archive)" title="Preservation (library and archive)">Preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Readers%27_advisory" title="Readers' advisory">Readers' advisory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reference_desk" title="Reference desk">Reference</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_reference" title="Digital reference">virtual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roving_reference" title="Roving reference">roving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_technical_services" title="Library technical services">Technical services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weeding_(library)" title="Weeding (library)">Weeding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_libraries" title="History of libraries">History of libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Library_science#History" class="mw-redirect" title="Library science">History of library science</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Library_nav" title="Template:Library nav">Lists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries" title="List of libraries">Libraries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of libraries by country">by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_libraries" title="List of largest libraries">by size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_the_ancient_world" title="List of libraries in the ancient world">ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_destroyed_libraries" title="List of destroyed libraries">destroyed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_medical_libraries" title="List of medical libraries">medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_and_state_libraries" title="List of national and state libraries">national</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_library_associations" title="List of library associations">Library associations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_library_science_schools" title="List of library science schools">Library schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_librarians" title="List of 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