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class="devsite-site-logo-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Site logo" track-type="globalNav" track-name="chromeForDevelopers" track-metadata-position="nav" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav"> <picture> <source srcset="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/chrome/images/lockup-dark-theme.svg" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" class="devsite-dark-theme" alt="Chrome for Developers"> <img src="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/chrome/images/lockup.svg" class="devsite-site-logo" alt="Chrome for Developers"> </picture> </a> <span class="devsite-product-name"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> </li> </ul> </span> </div> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row-middle"> <div class="devsite-header-upper-tabs"> <devsite-tabs class="upper-tabs"> <nav class="devsite-tabs-wrapper" aria-label="Upper tabs"> <tab > <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/case-studies" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/case-studies" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - get inspired" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Get inspired" track-name="get inspired" > Get inspired </a> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/blog" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/blog" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - blog" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Blog" track-name="blog" > Blog </a> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown devsite-dropdown-full devsite-active "> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="primary nav" aria-label="Docs, selected" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Docs" track-name="docs" > Docs </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Docs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Docs" track-name="docs" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section build-icon dcc-subnav"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Build with Chrome</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Learn how Chrome works, participate in origin trials, and build with Chrome everywhere. </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/web-platform" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/web-platform" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build with chrome" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Web Platform </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/capabilities" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/capabilities" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build with chrome" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Capabilities </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/chromedriver" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/chromedriver" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build with chrome" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> ChromeDriver </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/extensions" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/extensions" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build with chrome" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Extensions </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/webstore" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/webstore" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build with chrome" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Chrome Web Store </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/chromium" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/chromium" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build with chrome" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Chromium </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/aurora" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/aurora" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build with chrome" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Aurora </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/android" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/android" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build with chrome" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Web on Android </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/origintrials/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/origintrials/" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build with chrome" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Origin trials </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/release-notes" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/release-notes" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build with chrome" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Release notes </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section productivity-icon dcc-subnav"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Productivity</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Create the best experience for your users with the web's best tools.</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/devtools" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/devtools" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="productivity" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> DevTools </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/lighthouse" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="productivity" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Lighthouse </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/crux" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/crux" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="productivity" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Chrome UX Report </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/accessibility" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/accessibility" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="productivity" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Accessibility </div> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section dcc-subnav second-column-list"> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Get things done quicker and neater, with our ready-made libraries. </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/workbox" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/workbox" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="productivity" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Workbox </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/puppeteer" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/puppeteer" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="productivity" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Puppeteer </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column "> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section experience-icon dcc-subnav"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Experience</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Design a beautiful and performant web with Chrome. </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/ai" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/ai" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="experience" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> AI </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/performance" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/performance" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="experience" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Performance </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/css-ui" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.chrome.com/docs/css-ui" track-metadata-position="nav - docs" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="experience" 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</ul> <devsite-thumb-rating position="header"> </devsite-thumb-rating> </div> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> ChromeOS </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <h2 id="chromedriver_binary" data-text="ChromeDriver Binary" tabindex="-1">ChromeDriver Binary</h2> <p>All ChromeOS test images have ChromeDriver binary installed in <code translate="no" dir="ltr">/usr/local/chromedriver/</code>. The binary is updated to the same version of Chrome in that test image. That is, you will always be using the latest build of ChromeDriver.</p> <p>If your test expects to run against a "stable" build of ChromeDriver binary, you need to write your own code in your test to download the desired binary and replace the binary in <code translate="no" dir="ltr">/usr/local/chromedriver/</code>.</p> <h2 id="how_to_use_chromedriver_in_an_autotest_test" data-text="How to use ChromeDriver in an Autotest test" tabindex="-1">How to use ChromeDriver in an Autotest test</h2> <p>Writing a test that uses ChromeDriver to interact with Chrome is quick. There is <a href="https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/third_party/autotest/+/main/client/common_lib/cros/chromedriver.py">a wrapper class</a> to use ChromeDriver available in ChromeOS/Autotest. The wrapper class, as a context manager type, and handles the following tasks for you:</p> <ol> <li>Signs into ChromeOS using Telemetry.</li> <li>Starts ChromeDriver with Remote mode on the Device under Test (DUT) and connects to the remote debug port of the Chrome instance after sign in.</li> <li>Exposes a driver instance for you to make any ChromeDriver calls.</li> <li>Shutdowns ChromeDriver process, and logs out of ChromeOS.</li> </ol> <p>To write a test, you can follow the example of test <a href="https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromiumos/third_party/autotest/+/main/client/site_tests/desktopui_UrlFetchWithChromeDriver/desktopui_UrlFetchWithChromeDriver.py"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">desktopui_UrlFetchWithChromeDriver</code></a>.</p> <p>To get started:</p> <ol> <li><p>Import the wrapper class</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-kn">from</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-nn">autotest_lib.client.common_lib.cros</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-kn">import</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">chromedriver</span> </code></pre></devsite-code></li> <li><p>Create an instance of the ChromeDriver, and make calls.</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Python"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-k">with</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">chromedriver</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">chromedriver</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">()</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-k">as</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">chromedriver_instance</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">:</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">driver</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-n">chromedriver_instance</span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">driver</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-c1"># Here you can make standard ChromeDriver calls through the driver instance.</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-c1"># For example, browse a given url with |driver.get(url)|</span> </code></pre></devsite-code></li> </ol> </div> <devsite-thumb-rating position="footer"> </devsite-thumb-rating> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-content-footer class="nocontent"> <p>Except as otherwise noted, the content of this page is licensed under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License</a>, and code samples are licensed under the <a href="https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache 2.0 License</a>. 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