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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>Pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transitions for enhancing thermoelectric power factor in bismuth telluride-based alloys. | AMERICAN ELEMENTS 庐</title>  <meta charset="utf-8" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//www.americanelements.com" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//fonts.gstatic.com" /> <meta about="/tellurium" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" content="Tellurium" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.americanelements.com/sites/all/themes/gratis_ae_subtheme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no" /> <meta name="description" content="Pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transitions for enhancing thermoelectric power factor in bismuth telluride-based alloys.: read the latest academic research in materials science from American Elements. 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headline">Pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transitions for enhancing thermoelectric power factor in bismuth telluride-based alloys.</h1></div><div class="region region-content"><div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system"><div class="panel-display moscone-flipped clearfix " ><div class="moscone-container moscone-header clearfix panel-panel"><div class="moscone-container-inner moscone-header-inner panel-panel-inner"></div></div><div class="moscone-flipped-container moscone-flipped-column-content clearfix"><div class="moscone-flipped-column-content-region moscone-flipped-content panel-panel"><div class="moscone-flipped-column-content-region-inner moscone-flipped-content-inner panel-panel-inner"><div class="panel-pane pane-views pane-research-views-new" ><div class="pane-content"><div class="view view-research-views-new view-id-research_views_new view-display-id-block_1 view-dom-id-6d0aa0e077589ffdcbaaa1037b6c5aaa"><div class="view-content"><table class="views-table cols-6"><tbody><tr class="views-field views-field-title"><th class="views-field views-field-title"> Title</th><td class="views-field views-field-title"> Pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transitions for enhancing thermoelectric power factor in bismuth telluride-based alloys.</td></tr><tr class=""><th class=""> Authors</th><td class=""> A. Gaul; Q. Peng; D.J. Singh; G. Ramanath; T. Borca-Tasciuc</td></tr><tr class=""><th class=""> Journal</th><td class=""> Phys Chem Chem Phys</td></tr><tr class=""><th class=""> DOI</th><td class=""> 10.1039/c7cp01371j</td></tr><tr class=""><th class=""> Abstract</th><td class=""><p>First-principles calculations revealing insulator-to-metal transitions in Bi2Te3 and Bi2Te2Se, at 9 GPa and 12.5 GPa, respectively, match with prior experiments. Our electronic band structure calculations and accompanying Boltzmann transport calculations of thermoelectric properties for Bi2-xSbxTe2-ySey alloys explain and predict large power factor changes induced by pressure. Complex band degeneracy changes preceding insulator-to-metal transitions significantly alter the density of states near the Fermi level, and foster the disentangling of the unfavorable coupling between Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity. Our findings on pressure-induced changes in thermoelectric power factor provide insights for designing V2VI3-based high-performance thermoelectric materials through strategies such as alloying, high-pressure processing, and strain engineering.</p></td></tr><tr class=""><th class=""> Citation</th><td class=""> A. Gaul; Q. Peng; D.J. Singh; G. Ramanath; T. Borca-Tasciuc.Pressure-induced insulator-to-metal transitions for enhancing thermoelectric power factor in bismuth telluride-based alloys.. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2017;19(20):1278412793. doi:10.1039/c7cp01371j</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div><div class="panel-separator"></div><div id="section-element-content" class="ctools-collapsible-container paneled-padded boxton paneled-green"><h2 class="pane-title ctools-collapsible-handle">Related Elements</h2><div class="ctools-collapsible-content"><div class="field-element-research"><div id="taxonomy-term-6" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-elements"><h2><a href="/bismuth">Bismuth</a></h2><div class="content"><div class="taxonomy-term-description"><div class="panel-display symbol clearfix element-symbol seagreen"><a class="symbol-container panel-panel pageurl" href="https://www.americanelements.com/bi.html"> <span class="atomicnumber"> 83 </span> <span class="elementsymbol"> Bi </span> <span class="nameweight"> 208.980400000 </span> <span class="nameweight elementname"> Bismuth </span></a></div><p class="field-paragraph-content"><a href="https://www.americanelements.com/bi.html"><strong>See more Bismuth products.</strong></a> Bismuth (atomic symbol: Bi, atomic number: 83) is a Block P, Group 15, Period 6 element with an atomic radius of 208.98040. The number of electrons in each of Bismuth's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5 and its electron configuration is [Xe] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>10</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> 6p<sup>3</sup>. <img src="https://www.americanelements.com/bismuth-bohr.jpg" alt="Bismuth Bohr Model" class="image-right" height="95" width="95" sizes="100px" layout="responsive">The bismuth atom has a radius of 156 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 207 pm. In its elemental form, bismuth is a silvery white brittle metal. Bismuth is the most diamagnetic of all metals and, with the exception of <a href="https://www.americanelements.com/hg.html">mercury</a>, its thermal conductivity is lower than any other metal. <img src="https://www.americanelements.com/elemental-bismuth.png" alt="Elemental Bismuth" class="image-left" height="89" width="81" sizes="100px" layout="responsive">Bismuth has a high electrical resistance, and has the highest Hall Effect of any metal (i.e., greatest increase in electrical resistance when placed in a magnetic field). Bismuth is found in bismuthinite and bismite. It is also produced as a byproduct of <a href="https://www.americanelements.com/pb.html">lead</a>, <a href="https://www.americanelements.com/cu.html">copper</a>, <a href="https://www.americanelements.com/sn.html">tin</a>, <a href="https://www.americanelements.com/mo.html">molybdenum</a> and <a href="https://www.americanelements.com/ww.html">tungsten</a> extraction. Bismuth was first discovered by Early Man. The name Bismuth originates from the German word 'wissmuth,' meaning white mass.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="field-element-research"><div id="taxonomy-term-62" class="taxonomy-term vocabulary-elements"><h2><a href="/tellurium">Tellurium</a></h2><div class="content"><div class="taxonomy-term-description"><div class="panel-display symbol clearfix element-symbol darkblue"><a class="symbol-container panel-panel pageurl" href="https://www.americanelements.com/tellurium.html"> <span class="atomicnumber"> 52 </span> <span class="elementsymbol"> Te </span> <span class="nameweight"> 127.600000000 </span> <span class="nameweight elementname"> Tellurium </span></a></div><p class="field-paragraph-content"><a href="https://www.americanelements.com/tellurium.html"><strong>See more Tellurium products.</strong></a> Tellurium (atomic symbol: Te, atomic number: 52) is a Block P, Group 16, Period 5 element with an atomic radius of 127.60. <img src="https://www.americanelements.com/tellurium-bohr.jpg" alt="Tellurium Bohr Model" class="image-right" height="93" width="95" sizes="100px" layout="responsive">The number of electrons in each of tellurium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 18, 6 and its electron configuration is [Kr] 4d<sup>10</sup> 5s<sup>2</sup> 5p<sup>4</sup>. Tellurium was discovered by Franz Muller von Reichenstein in 1782 and first isolated by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in 1798. In its elemental form, tellurium has a silvery lustrous gray appearance. The tellurium atom has a radius of 140 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 206 pm. <img src="https://www.americanelements.com/elemental-tellurium.png" alt="Elemental Tellurium" class="image-left" height="81" width="88" sizes="100px" layout="responsive">Tellurium is most commonly sourced from the anode sludges produced as a byproduct of copper refining. The name Tellurium originates from the Greek word <em>Tellus</em>, meaning Earth.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="ctools-collapsible-container paneled-green"><h2 class="pane-title ctools-collapsible-handle">Related Forms & Applications</h2><div class="ctools-collapsible-content"><div class="view view-taxonomy-link view-id-taxonomy_link view-display-id-panel_pane_2 view-dom-id-310fc21f9fdd264bcf6d244ef006e85b"><div class="view-content"><table class="views-view-grid cols-3"><tbody><tr ><td > <a href="https://www.americanelements.com/alloys.html">Alloys</a></td><td > <a href="https://www.americanelements.com/Tellurides.html">Tellurides</a></td><td ></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="moscone-flipped-column-content-region moscone-flipped-sidebar panel-panel"><div class="moscone-flipped-column-content-region-inner moscone-flipped-sidebar-inner panel-panel-inner"><div class="panel-pane pane-block 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