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习近平三次来到宁夏 对这件“小事”很挂心|宁夏|小事|西海_新浪新闻
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居民用水:很多村庄家家都通上自来水</strong></p> <p> 1997年4月,习近平在被西海固的贫困状况深深震撼之后决定干几件大事,其中之一就是抓井窖工程,解决群众生活用水问题。2000年6月26日,在福建扶贫干部的带领下,西海固地区的海原县甘城乡打出了第一口井。据福建省闽宁办原主任林月婵介绍,闽宁协作20年间,福建先后在宁夏贫困地区打井窖超过1.5万眼,解决了30万人、10余万头大牲畜的饮水困难问题。</p> <div class="img_wrapper"><img src="//n.sinaimg.cn/news/crawl/133/w550h383/20180920/kiuX-hiixpup1793002.jpg" alt="△资料图"><span class="img_descr">△资料图</span></div> <p> 不仅打井窖,宁夏也在积极实施调水工程。2012年10月,宁夏中南部城乡饮水安全工程正式开工建设,总投资近40亿元。2016年10月8日,工程全线通水,解决了西海固地区110余万城乡居民的饮水安全问题。</p> <p> 如今,西海固地区的很多村庄几乎家家都已通上自来水。</p> <p> 在西吉县西坪村,村民周玉琴告诉记者,以前打水需要走二里路,拿桶挑水。现在自来水通了,洗澡洗衣服都方便了。</p> <p> 在泾源县大湾乡杨岭村,习近平2016年曾经问过的小男孩,如今已经13岁,上小学六年级。他告诉记者,他们家在2017年已经建了新的浴室,还装上浴霸,洗澡不仅不是问题,而且还更加舒适方便,与城里无异。</p> <div class="img_wrapper"><img src="//n.sinaimg.cn/news/crawl/76/w550h326/20180920/f4a5-hiixpup1793029.jpg" alt="△习近平2016年曾经问过的小男孩,如今已经13岁,他们家修建了新浴室"><span class="img_descr">△习近平2016年曾经问过的小男孩,如今已经13岁,他们家修建了新浴室</span></div> <p><strong> 产业用水:喷灌技术推动蔬菜种植业发展</strong></p> <p> 在西海固地区,当地农民主要从事种植业和养殖业。种植的农作物包括玉米、土豆以及蔬菜和药材等等。以前缺水的时候,农作物的产量比较低。1997年4月,习近平在宁夏考察时曾来到隆德县联才乡赵楼村,对这里的小圆井抽水灌溉很感兴趣。他表示,干旱地区缺水的问题,就是要这样因地制宜加以解决。如今,赵楼村通过小圆井抽水灌溉,大力发展蔬菜和药材种植,带领村民们脱贫致富。全村178户738人,其中建档立卡贫困户49户203人,2017年全村人均可支配收入已经达到8000多元。</p> <div class="img_wrapper"><img src="//n.sinaimg.cn/news/crawl/170/w550h420/20180920/8cxh-hhuhism3365235.jpg" alt="△1997年4月,习近平在宁夏隆德县考察,了解抽水灌溉情况。"><span class="img_descr">△1997年4月,习近平在宁夏隆德县考察,了解抽水灌溉情况。</span></div> <div class="img_wrapper"><img src="//n.sinaimg.cn/news/crawl/142/w550h392/20180920/fJ_F-hkhfqnt1466151.jpg" alt="△习近平1997年看过的小圆井现在还在发挥作用,当地生态已明显改善。"><span class="img_descr">△习近平1997年看过的小圆井现在还在发挥作用,当地生态已明显改善。</span></div> <p> 2016年7月18日,习近平来到固原市原州区万亩冷凉蔬菜生产基地考察。原州区被誉为“中国(西部)冷凉蔬菜之乡”。然而,水资源短缺、利用率不高,以及水利基础设施薄弱等因素曾一度卡住了蔬菜种植这一富民产业的“脖子”。近年来,当地修建了10万至20万立方米大型调蓄水池20座,建成高效节水农业示范基地24处,开发高效节水灌溉土地面积32万亩,这些喷灌水利设施有力促进了蔬菜种植产业的规模化发展,带动当地村民脱贫奔小康。</p> <div class="img_wrapper"><img src="//n.sinaimg.cn/news/crawl/35/w550h285/20180920/rVT3-hkhfqnt1466172.jpg" alt="△冷凉蔬菜种植已成为当地的致富产业"><span class="img_descr">△冷凉蔬菜种植已成为当地的致富产业</span></div> <p><strong> 生态蓄水:植被恢复带来更多降雨</strong></p> <p> 过去的西海固,一方水土养不活一方人。农民为了吃饭穿衣会过度开垦,以生态换粮食。结果就是越垦天越旱,越垦人越穷。为了扭转这种局面,在解决生活用水和产业用水的同时,宁夏也在积极开展生态移民、退耕还林还草,实现生态蓄水。而水土涵养本身,也会带来更多降水,这样一来就实现了生态越好、降雨越多的良性循环。</p> <div class="img_wrapper"><img src="//n.sinaimg.cn/news/crawl/133/w550h383/20180920/1aYv-hikxxna3493598.jpg" alt="△资料图"><span class="img_descr">△资料图</span></div> <p> 1997年7月15日,闽宁村在一片戈壁上破土动工。奠基当天,习近平曾专门发来贺信。闽宁村,是习近平亲自提议并命名的移民区,就是为了解决西海固一些地方“一方水土养活不了一方人”的问题。如今,这里已经从当年只有8000多人的贫困移民村发展成为拥有6万多人的闽宁镇。通过生态移民让西海固一些地区得到休养生息,恢复生态。</p> <p> 2000年,宁夏开始实施退耕还林,西海固启动新一轮三北防护林工程建设。到2015年,宁夏共完成营造林1305.5万亩,森林覆盖率由8.4%提高到了13.8%。2015年,宁夏启动新一轮退耕还林还草工程,重点向扶贫开发任务重、贫困人口较多的南部山区和中部干旱带沙区倾斜,计划从2015年至2020年,再完成退耕还林还草163.06万亩,森林覆盖率2020年超过16.8%。</p> <p> 随着生态环境的持续改善,西海固很多地区的降雨量在逐步增多。根据气象资料,固原市的降雨量近年来也在稳定变化,由退耕还林前的年均200毫米左右,达到前几年的600毫米左右,近几年则在600毫米到1000毫米之间。</p> <p> 今年9月初,记者来到西海固的固原、隆德、西吉等地,连续遭遇雨天。当地群众的普遍感受就是这些年降雨量明显增加,生态环境改善明显。习近平2016年曾经到访的杨岭村,美丽如画,半山腰上一片花海,风景宜人,当地已经在发展农家乐旅游,打造美丽乡村品牌。习近平当时到访的马克俊家,已经将牛棚改造成老马茶馆,招待游客。</p> <div class="img_wrapper"><img src="//n.sinaimg.cn/news/crawl/23/w550h273/20180920/hKOF-hiixpup1793123.jpg" alt="△马克俊家开办的老马茶馆"><span class="img_descr">△马克俊家开办的老马茶馆</span></div> <div class="img_wrapper"><img src="//n.sinaimg.cn/news/crawl/53/w550h303/20180920/54pu-hiixpup1793140.jpg" alt="△位于隆德县的三里店水库夜景宜人,该水库承担着四个乡镇3.2万亩农田灌溉任务" data-mcesrc="http://n.sinaimg.cn/news/crawl/53/w550h303/20180920/54pu-hiixpup1793140.jpg" data-mceselected="1" data-link=""><span class="img_descr">△位于隆德县的三里店水库夜景宜人,该水库承担着四个乡镇3.2万亩农田灌溉任务</span></div> <p> 天下黄河富宁夏。如今,不仅是黄灌区,曾经贫瘠干旱的西海固,也早已换了人间。1997年,习近平来到宁夏,对口帮扶宁夏脱贫攻坚的一个重要思路就是做水的文章。通过抓井窖工程,解决居民用水;通过生态移民搬迁,恢复植被,涵养水土。在习近平总书记的关怀和引领之下,西海固地区做活了水的文章,初步解决了生活用水、产业用水的问题,并逐步实现开发用水和生态蓄水的良性循环,走上脱贫奔小康的致富之路。</p> <div class="wap_special" data-sudaclick="content_relativetopics_p"> <div class="tlt">点击进入专题:</div> <a 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