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James K. Tauber - Signum University
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His glasses do not dim it. We are not distracted by his casual black attire. It's the eyes. They are mirrors. Do you need a challenge? Do you need to hear that you can do something you've never tried? Look into those mirrors. Really. 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鈫楋笌</span></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div></nav></div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained" style="padding-top:40px;padding-right:40px;padding-bottom:40px;padding-left:40px"> <div class="wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex"> <div class="wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow" style="flex-basis:75%"> <div class="wp-block-group is-content-justification-space-between is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-layout-5 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex"><h2 class="wp-block-post-title">James K. Tauber</h2> <div class="taxonomy-department wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://signumuniversity.org/department/ma-faculty/" rel="tag">MA Faculty</a><span class="wp-block-post-terms__separator">, </span><a href="https://signumuniversity.org/department/space-preceptor/" rel="tag">SPACE Preceptor</a></div></div> <div class="taxonomy-position wp-block-post-terms"><a href="https://signumuniversity.org/position/preceptor/" rel="tag">Preceptor</a><span class="wp-block-post-terms__separator">, </span><a href="https://signumuniversity.org/position/visiting-lecturer/" rel="tag">Visiting Lecturer</a></div> <div class="entry-content wp-block-post-content is-layout-constrained wp-block-post-content-is-layout-constrained"> <p>James K. Tauber is a philologist, linguist, and software developer who works with scholars around the world using computers to better understand languages, texts, and music.</p> <p>He has worked with text corpora, markup languages, and Web technologies for over thirty years. He currently develops software for Signum University and the Perseus Digital Library among other organizations. Prior to that he worked for a number of decades in software startups including as the CEO of Eldarion.</p> <p>As a scholar he works on corpus-driven historical language learning, digital philology, text and music encoding, corpus stylistics, and computational literary studies. He also heads up the Digital Tolkien Project.</p> <p>James has a Bachelor of Science in Linguistics from the University of Western Australia, a Postgraduate Diploma in Ancient Greek from the University of Wales Trinity Saint David, a Graduate Diploma in Germanic Philology from Signum University, a Certificate in Educational Research Methodology from the University of Illinois Chicago, a Professional Certificate in Music Theory and Composition from Berklee Online, and a Higher Education Teaching Certificate from the Harvard-Bok Center for Teaching & Learning. He recently completed graduate study in Corpus Linguistics at Lancaster University where his dissertation was on linguistic variation in Tolkien’s writing style.</p> <p>James is a Fellow of the Python Software Society, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. Originally from Australia, he now lives in the Boston area where he collects books and wine.</p> <p>Learn more about James at <a href="http://jtauber.com/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">jtauber.com</a>.</p> <ul class="wp-block-social-links is-layout-flex wp-block-social-links-is-layout-flex"><li class="wp-social-link wp-social-link-instagram wp-block-social-link"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/jktauber/" class="wp-block-social-link-anchor"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false"><path d="M12,4.622c2.403,0,2.688,0.009,3.637,0.052c0.877,0.04,1.354,0.187,1.671,0.31c0.42,0.163,0.72,0.358,1.035,0.673 c0.315,0.315,0.51,0.615,0.673,1.035c0.123,0.317,0.27,0.794,0.31,1.671c0.043,0.949,0.052,1.234,0.052,3.637 s-0.009,2.688-0.052,3.637c-0.04,0.877-0.187,1.354-0.31,1.671c-0.163,0.42-0.358,0.72-0.673,1.035 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