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"WCAG3-requirements": { "title": "Requirements for WCAG 3.0", "publisher": "World Wide Web Consortium", "date": "8 November 2024", "href": "https://www.w3.org/TR/wcag-3.0-requirements-20241108/" }, "WCAG3-explainer": { "title": "Explainer for W3C Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 3.0", "publisher": "World Wide Web Consortium", "date": "8 November 2024", "href": "https://www.w3.org/TR/wcag-3.0-explainer-20241108/" }, "508-criteria": { "title": "Section 508 Functional Performance Criteria", "publisher": "United States Access Board", "date": "8 December 2011", "href": "https://www.access-board.gov/ict/#chapter-3-functional-performance-criteria" }, "en-301-549": { "title": "Accessibility requirements suitable for public procurement of ICT products and services in Europe", "publisher": "European Telecommunications Standards Institute", "date": "February 2014", "href": "https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_tr/101500_101599/101550/01.01.01_60/tr_101550v010101p.pdf" } }, "publishISODate": "2024-12-12T00:00:00.000Z", "generatedSubtitle": "W3C Working Draft 12 December 2024" }</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/2021/W3C-WD"></head> <body class="h-entry"><div class="head"> <p class="logos"><a class="logo" href="https://www.w3.org/"><img crossorigin="" alt="W3C" height="48" src="https://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/2021/logos/W3C" width="72"> </a></p> <h1 id="title" class="title">W3C Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 3.0</h1> <p id="w3c-state"><a href="https://www.w3.org/standards/types#WD">W3C Working Draft</a> <time class="dt-published" datetime="2024-12-12">12 December 2024</time></p> <details open=""> <summary>More details about this document</summary> <dl> <dt>This version:</dt><dd> <a class="u-url" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2024/WD-wcag-3.0-20241212/">https://www.w3.org/TR/2024/WD-wcag-3.0-20241212/</a> </dd> <dt>Latest published version:</dt><dd> <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/wcag-3.0/">https://www.w3.org/TR/wcag-3.0/</a> </dd> <dt>Latest editor's draft:</dt><dd><a href="https://w3c.github.io/wcag3/guidelines/">https://w3c.github.io/wcag3/guidelines/</a></dd> <dt>History:</dt><dd> <a href="https://www.w3.org/standards/history/wcag-3.0/">https://www.w3.org/standards/history/wcag-3.0/</a> </dd><dd> <a href="https://github.com/w3c/wcag3/commits/">Commit history</a> </dd> <dt>Editors:</dt><dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard" data-editor-id="90310"> <a class="ed_mailto u-email email p-name" href="mailto:rmontgomery@loc.gov">Rachael Bradley Montgomery</a> (<span class="p-org org h-org">Library of Congress</span>) </dd><dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard" data-editor-id="104852"> <a class="ed_mailto u-email email p-name" href="mailto:charles.adams@oracle.com">Chuck Adams</a> (<span class="p-org org h-org">Oracle</span>) </dd><dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard" data-editor-id="44689"> <a class="ed_mailto u-email email p-name" href="mailto:acampbell@nomensa.com">Alastair Campbell</a> (<span class="p-org org h-org">Nomensa</span>) </dd><dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard" data-editor-id="71819"> <a class="ed_mailto u-email email p-name" href="mailto:kevin@w3.org">Kevin White</a> (<span class="p-org org h-org">W3C</span>) </dd><dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard" data-editor-id="42417"> <a class="ed_mailto u-email email p-name" href="mailto:jspellman@spellmanconsulting.com">Jeanne Spellman</a> (<span class="p-org org h-org">TetraLogical</span>) </dd><dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard" data-editor-id="90883"> <a class="ed_mailto u-email email p-name" href="mailto:francis.storr@intel.com">Francis Storr</a> (<span class="p-org org h-org">Intel Corporation</span>) </dd> <dt> Former editors: </dt><dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard" data-editor-id="34017"> <span class="p-name fn">Michael Cooper, Staff Contact, 2016-2023</span> (<span class="p-org org h-org">W3C</span>) </dd><dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard" data-editor-id="90646"> <span class="p-name fn">Shawn Lauriat, Editor, 2016-2023</span> (<span class="p-org org h-org">Google, Inc.</span>) </dd><dd class="editor p-author h-card vcard" data-editor-id="43334"> <span class="p-name fn">Wilco Fiers, Project Manager, 2021-2023</span> (<span class="p-org org h-org">Deque Systems, Inc.</span>) </dd> <dt>Feedback:</dt><dd> <a href="https://github.com/w3c/wcag3/">GitHub w3c/wcag3</a> (<a href="https://github.com/w3c/wcag3/pulls/">pull requests</a>, <a href="https://github.com/w3c/wcag3/issues/new/choose">new issue</a>, <a href="https://github.com/w3c/wcag3/issues/">open issues</a>) </dd><dd><a href="mailto:public-agwg-comments@w3.org?subject=%5Bwcag-3.0%5D%20YOUR%20TOPIC%20HERE">public-agwg-comments@w3.org</a> with subject line <kbd>[wcag-3.0] <em>… message topic …</em></kbd> (<a rel="discussion" href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-agwg-comments">archives</a>)</dd> </dl> </details> <p class="copyright"> <a href="https://www.w3.org/policies/#copyright">Copyright</a> © 2021-2024 <a href="https://www.w3.org/">World Wide Web Consortium</a>. <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr><sup>®</sup> <a href="https://www.w3.org/policies/#Legal_Disclaimer">liability</a>, <a href="https://www.w3.org/policies/#W3C_Trademarks">trademark</a> and <a rel="license" href="https://www.w3.org/copyright/document-license/" title="W3C Document License">document use</a> rules apply. </p> <hr title="Separator for header"> </div> <section id="abstract" class="introductory"><h2>Abstract</h2> <p><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 3.0 will provide a wide range of recommendations for making web content more accessible to users with disabilities. Following these guidelines will address many of the needs of users with blindness, low vision and other vision impairments; deafness and hearing loss; limited movement and dexterity; speech disabilities; sensory disorders; cognitive and learning disabilities; and combinations of these. These guidelines address accessibility of web content on desktops, laptops, tablets, mobile devices, wearable devices, and other web of things devices. The guidelines apply to various types of web content including static, dynamic, interactive, and streaming content; visual and auditory media; virtual and augmented reality; and alternative access presentation and control. These guidelines also address related web tools such as user agents (browsers and assistive technologies), content management systems, authoring tools, and testing tools.</p> <p>Each <a href="#dfn-guideline" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-guideline-1">guideline</a> in this standard provides information on accessibility practices that address documented <a href="#dfn-user-need" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-user-need-1">user needs</a> of people with disabilities. Guidelines are supported by multiple <a href="#dfn-requirement" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-requirement-1">requirements</a> and <a href="#dfn-assertion" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-assertion-1">assertions</a> to determine whether the need has been met. Guidelines are also supported by technology-specific <a href="#dfn-method" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-method-1">methods</a> to meet each requirement or assertion. </p> <p>This specification is expected to be updated regularly to keep pace with changing technology by updating and adding methods, requirements, and guidelines to address new needs as technologies evolve. For entities that make formal claims of <a href="#dfn-conformance" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-conformance-1">conformance</a> to these guidelines, several levels of conformance are available to address the diverse nature of digital content and the type of testing that is performed.</p> <p>See <a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/standards-guidelines/wcag/wcag3-intro/">WCAG 3.0 Introduction</a> for an introduction and links to WCAG technical and educational material.</p> </section> <section id="sotd" class="introductory"><h2>Status of This Document</h2><p><em>This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. A list of current <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> publications and the latest revision of this technical report can be found in the <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> technical reports index</a> at https://www.w3.org/TR/.</em></p> <p>This is an update to the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 3.0. It includes a restructuring of the guidelines and first draft decision trees for three Guidelines: Clear meaning, Image alternatives, and Keyboard focus appearance.</p> <p>To comment, <a href="https://github.com/w3c/wcag3/issues/new">file an issue in the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> wcag3 GitHub repository</a>. The Working Group requests that public comments be filed as new issues, one issue per discrete comment. It is free to create a GitHub account to file issues. If filing issues in GitHub is not feasible, email <a href="mailto:public-agwg-comments@w3.org?subject=WCAG%203.0%20public%20comment">public-agwg-comments@w3.org</a> (<a href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-agwg-comments/">comment archive</a>). In-progress updates to the guidelines can be viewed in the <a href="https://w3c.github.io/wcag3/guidelines/">public editors’ draft</a>.</p> <p> This document was published by the <a href="https://www.w3.org/groups/wg/ag">Accessibility Guidelines Working Group</a> as a Working Draft using the <a href="https://www.w3.org/policies/process/20231103/#recs-and-notes">Recommendation track</a>. </p><p>Publication as a Working Draft does not imply endorsement by <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> and its Members. </p><p> This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress. </p><p> This document was produced by a group operating under the <a href="https://www.w3.org/policies/patent-policy/"><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>. <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> maintains a <a rel="disclosure" href="https://www.w3.org/groups/wg/ag/ipr">public list of any patent disclosures</a> made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains <a href="https://www.w3.org/policies/patent-policy/#def-essential">Essential Claim(s)</a> must disclose the information in accordance with <a href="https://www.w3.org/policies/patent-policy/#sec-Disclosure">section 6 of the <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Patent Policy</a>. </p><p> This document is governed by the <a id="w3c_process_revision" href="https://www.w3.org/policies/process/20231103/">03 November 2023 <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Process Document</a>. </p></section><nav id="toc"><h2 class="introductory" id="table-of-contents">Table of Contents</h2><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#abstract">Abstract</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#sotd">Status of This Document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#introduction"><bdi class="secno">1. </bdi>Introduction</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#about-wcag-3-0"><bdi class="secno">1.1 </bdi>About WCAG 3.0</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#section-status-levels"><bdi class="secno">1.2 </bdi>Section status levels</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#guidelines"><bdi class="secno">2. </bdi>Guidelines</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#image-and-media-alternatives"><bdi class="secno">2.1 </bdi>Image and media alternatives</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#image-alternatives"><bdi class="secno">2.1.1 </bdi>Image alternatives</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#decorative-image">Decorative image</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#equivalent-text-alternative">Equivalent text alternative</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#detectable-image">Detectable image</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#image-role">Image role</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#image-type">Image type</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#editable-alternatives">Editable alternatives</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#style-guide">Style guide</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#media-alternatives"><bdi class="secno">2.1.2 </bdi>Media alternatives</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#audio-descriptions">Audio descriptions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#captions">Captions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#descriptive-transcripts">Descriptive transcripts</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#findable-media-alternatives">Findable media alternatives</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#preferred-language">Preferred language</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#non-verbal-cues">Non-verbal cues</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#nontext-alternatives"><bdi class="secno">2.1.3 </bdi>Nontext alternatives</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#nontext-content">Nontext content</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#figure-captions"><bdi class="secno">2.1.4 </bdi>Figure captions</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#persistent-captions">Persistent captions</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#single-sense"><bdi class="secno">2.1.5 </bdi>Single sense</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#use-of-hue">Use of hue</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#use-of-visual-depth">Use of visual depth</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#use-of-sound">Use of sound</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#use-of-spatial-audio">Use of spatial audio</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#text-and-wording"><bdi class="secno">2.2 </bdi>Text and wording</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#text-appearance"><bdi class="secno">2.2.1 </bdi>Text appearance</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#maximum-text-contrast">Maximum text contrast</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#minimum-text-contrast">Minimum text contrast</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#text-size">Text size</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#text-style">Text style</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#text-to-speech"><bdi class="secno">2.2.2 </bdi>Text-to-speech</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#text-to-speech-supported">Text-to-speech supported</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#human-language">Human language</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#semantic-text-appearance">Semantic text appearance</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#clear-meaning"><bdi class="secno">2.2.3 </bdi>Clear meaning</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#detectable-text">Detectable text</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#unambiguous-text">Unambiguous text</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#simplified-written-content"><bdi class="secno">2.2.4 </bdi>Simplified written content</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#appropriate-tone">Appropriate tone</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#double-negatives">Double negatives</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#sentence-voice">Sentence voice</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#uncommon-words">Uncommon words</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#unnecessary-words-or-phrases">Unnecessary words or phrases</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#verb-tense">Verb tense</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#interactive-components"><bdi class="secno">2.3 </bdi>Interactive components</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#keyboard-focus-appearance"><bdi class="secno">2.3.1 </bdi>Keyboard focus appearance</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#custom-indicator">Custom indicator</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#user-agent-default-indicator">User-agent default indicator</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#supplementary-indicators">Supplementary indicators</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#style-guide-focus-indicators-follow-an-organizational-style-guide"></a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#pointer-focus-appearance"><bdi class="secno">2.3.2 </bdi>Pointer focus appearance</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#pointer-visible">Pointer visible</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#navigating-content"><bdi class="secno">2.3.3 </bdi>Navigating content</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#focus-in-viewport">Focus in viewport</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#focus-retention">Focus retention</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#keyboard-focus-order">Keyboard focus order</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#restore-focus">Restore focus</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#relevant-focus">Relevant focus</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#expected-behavior"><bdi class="secno">2.3.4 </bdi>Expected behavior</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#consistent-interaction">Consistent Interaction</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#consistent-labels">Consistent labels</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#consistent-visual-design">Consistent visual design</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#control-location">Control location</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#conventions">Conventions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#familiar-component">Familiar component</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#reliable-positioning">Reliable positioning</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#control-information"><bdi class="secno">2.3.5 </bdi>Control information</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#control-contrast">Control contrast</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#control-importance">Control importance</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#control-labels">Control labels</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#control-updates">Control updates</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#distinguishable-controls">Distinguishable controls</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#field-constraints">Field constraints</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#input-labels">Input labels</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#label-in-name">Label in name</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#name-role-value-state">Name, role, value, state</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#input-operation"><bdi class="secno">2.4 </bdi>Input / operation</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#input-operation-0"><bdi class="secno">2.4.1 </bdi>Input operation</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#concurrent-inputs">Concurrent inputs</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#hover-information">Hover information</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#input-control">Input control</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#content-changes"><bdi class="secno">2.4.2 </bdi>Content changes</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#notify-about-change">Notify about change</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#notify-on-change">Notify on change</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#inform-before-activation">Inform before activation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#reverse-change-of-context">Reverse change of context</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#target-size"><bdi class="secno">2.4.3 </bdi>Target size</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#target-size-minimum">Target size minimum</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#target-size-optimum">Target size optimum</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#keyboard-operation"><bdi class="secno">2.4.4 </bdi>Keyboard operation</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#comparable-keyboard-effort">Comparable keyboard effort</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#conflicting-keyboard-commands">Conflicting keyboard commands</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#consistent-keyboard-interaction">Consistent keyboard interaction</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#keyboard-mode">Keyboard mode</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#keyboard-only">Keyboard only</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#no-keyboard-trap">No keyboard trap</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#non-standard-commands">Non-standard commands</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#gestures"><bdi class="secno">2.4.5 </bdi>Gestures</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#change-focus-with-pointer-device">Change focus with pointer device</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#complex-pointer-inputs">Complex pointer inputs</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#pointer-agnostic">Pointer-agnostic</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#pointer-cancellation">Pointer cancellation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#specific-pressure">Specific pressure</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#speed-insensitive">Speed insensitive</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#motion-input"><bdi class="secno">2.4.6 </bdi>Motion input</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#use-without-body-movement">Use without body movement</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#use-without-device-movement">Use without device movement</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#error-handling"><bdi class="secno">2.5 </bdi>Error handling</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#correct-mistakes"><bdi class="secno">2.5.1 </bdi>Correct mistakes</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#error-association">Error association</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#error-identification">Error identification</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#error-notification">Error notification</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#persistent-errors">Persistent errors</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#visible-errors">Visible errors</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#animation-and-movement"><bdi class="secno">2.6 </bdi>Animation and movement</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#avoid-physical-harm"><bdi class="secno">2.6.1 </bdi>Avoid physical harm</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#audio-shifting">Audio shifting</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#flashing">Flashing</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#motion">Motion</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#motion-from-interaction">Motion from interaction</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#layout"><bdi class="secno">2.7 </bdi>Layout</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#relationships"><bdi class="secno">2.7.1 </bdi>Relationships</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#clear-relationships">Clear relationships</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#clear-starting-point">Clear starting point</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#distinguishable-relationships">Distinguishable relationships</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#distinguishable-sections">Distinguishable sections</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#recognizable-layouts"><bdi class="secno">2.7.2 </bdi>Recognizable layouts</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#consistent-order">Consistent order</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#familiar-layout">Familiar layout</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#information-about-options">Information about options</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#related-information">Related information</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#orientation"><bdi class="secno">2.7.3 </bdi>Orientation</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#current-location">Current location</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#multistep-process">Multistep process</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#contextual-information">Contextual information</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#structure"><bdi class="secno">2.7.4 </bdi>Structure</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#section-labels">Section labels</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#section-length">Section length</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#section-purpose">Section purpose</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#single-idea">Single idea</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#topic-sentence">Topic sentence</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#white-spacing">White spacing</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#title-0">Title</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#lists">Lists</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#numbered-steps">Numbered steps</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#consistency-across-views"><bdi class="secno">2.8 </bdi>Consistency across views</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#consistency"><bdi class="secno">2.8.1 </bdi>Consistency</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#consistent-navigation">Consistent navigation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#multiple-ways">Multiple ways</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#persistent-navigation">Persistent navigation</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#process-and-task-completion"><bdi class="secno">2.9 </bdi>Process and task completion</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#avoid-cognitive-tasks"><bdi class="secno">2.9.1 </bdi>Avoid cognitive tasks</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#allow-automated-entry">Allow automated entry</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#no-cognitive-tests">No cognitive tests</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#no-memorization">No memorization</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#adequate-time"><bdi class="secno">2.9.2 </bdi>Adequate time</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#adjust-timing-at-start">Adjust timing at start</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#adjust-timing-at-timeout">Adjust timing at timeout</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#disable-timeout">Disable timeout</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#unnecessary-steps"><bdi class="secno">2.9.3 </bdi>Unnecessary steps</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#optional-information">Optional information</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#optional-input">Optional input</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#avoid-deception"><bdi class="secno">2.9.4 </bdi>Avoid deception</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#deceptive-controls">Deceptive controls</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#exploitive-behaviors">Exploitive behaviors</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#misinformation">Misinformation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#preselections">Preselections</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#redirection">Redirection</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#retain-information"><bdi class="secno">2.9.5 </bdi>Retain information</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#go-back-in-process">Go back in process</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#redundant-entry">Redundant entry</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#save-progress">Save progress</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#complete-tasks"><bdi class="secno">2.9.6 </bdi>Complete tasks</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#action-required">Action required</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#inform-at-start-of-process">Inform at start of process</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#steps-and-instructions">Steps and instructions</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#policy-and-protection"><bdi class="secno">2.10 </bdi>Policy and protection</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#content-source"><bdi class="secno">2.10.1 </bdi>Content source</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#citation">Citation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#indicate-3rd-party-content">Indicate 3rd party content</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#obscuring-primary-content">Obscuring primary content</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#security-and-privacy"><bdi class="secno">2.10.2 </bdi>Security and privacy</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#clear-agreement">Clear agreement</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#disability-information-privacy">Disability information privacy</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#sensitive-information">Sensitive information</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#risk-statements">Risk statements</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#algorithms"><bdi class="secno">2.10.3 </bdi>Algorithms</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#algorithm-bias">Algorithm bias</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#social-media-algorithm">Social media algorithm</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#help-and-feedback"><bdi class="secno">2.11 </bdi>Help and feedback</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#help-available"><bdi class="secno">2.11.1 </bdi>Help available</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#consistent-help">Consistent help</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#contextual-help">Contextual help</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#conversational-support">Conversational support</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#data-visualizations">Data visualizations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#new-interfaces">New interfaces</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#personalizable-help">Personalizable help</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#sensory-characteristics">Sensory characteristics</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#support-available">Support available</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#supplemental-content"><bdi class="secno">2.11.2 </bdi>Supplemental content</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#number-supplements">Number supplements</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#text-supplements">Text supplements</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#feedback"><bdi class="secno">2.11.3 </bdi>Feedback</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#feedback-mechanism">Feedback mechanism</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#user-control"><bdi class="secno">2.12 </bdi>User control</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#control-text"><bdi class="secno">2.12.1 </bdi>Control text</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#adjust-color">Adjust color</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#adjust-background">Adjust background</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#font-size-meaning">Font size meaning</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#text-customization">Text customization</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#adjustable-viewport"><bdi class="secno">2.12.2 </bdi>Adjustable viewport</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#orientation-0">Orientation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#reflow">Reflow</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#transform-content"><bdi class="secno">2.12.3 </bdi>Transform content</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#alternative-presentation">Alternative presentation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#content-markup">Content markup</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#summary">Summary</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#transform-content-0">Transform content</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#media-control"><bdi class="secno">2.12.4 </bdi>Media control</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#adjust-captions">Adjust captions</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#audio-control">Audio control</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#interactive-audio-alternative">Interactive audio alternative</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#media-alternative-control">Media alternative control</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#media-chapters">Media chapters</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#control-interruptions"><bdi class="secno">2.12.5 </bdi>Control interruptions</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#control-notifications">Control notifications</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#control-possible-harm"><bdi class="secno">2.12.6 </bdi>Control possible harm</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#disturbing-content">Disturbing content</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#haptic-stimulation">Haptic stimulation</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#triggers">Triggers</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#verbosity">Verbosity</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#visual-stimulation">Visual stimulation</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#user-agent-support"><bdi class="secno">2.12.7 </bdi>User agent support</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#assistive-technology-control">Assistive technology control</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#printing">Printing</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#user-settings">User settings</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#virtual-cursor">Virtual cursor</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#conformance"><bdi class="secno">3. </bdi>Conformance</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#conformance-0"><bdi class="secno">3.1 </bdi>Conformance</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#accessibility-supported"><bdi class="secno">3.1.1 </bdi>Only accessibility-supported ways of using technologies</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#defining-conformance-scope"><bdi class="secno">3.1.2 </bdi>Defining conformance scope</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#glossary"><bdi class="secno">4. </bdi>Glossary</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#privacy-considerations"><bdi class="secno">A. </bdi>Privacy Considerations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#security-considerations"><bdi class="secno">B. </bdi>Security Considerations</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#change-log"><bdi class="secno">C. </bdi>Change log</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#acknowledgements"><bdi class="secno">D. </bdi>Acknowledgements</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#contributors-to-the-development-of-this-document"><bdi class="secno">D.1 </bdi>Contributors to the development of this document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#previous-contributors-to-the-development-of-this-document"><bdi class="secno">D.2 </bdi>Previous contributors to the development of this document</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#research-partners"><bdi class="secno">D.3 </bdi>Research Partners</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#enabling-funders"><bdi class="secno">D.4 </bdi>Enabling funders</a></li></ol></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#references"><bdi class="secno">E. </bdi>References</a><ol class="toc"><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#normative-references"><bdi class="secno">E.1 </bdi>Normative references</a></li><li class="tocline"><a class="tocxref" href="#informative-references"><bdi class="secno">E.2 </bdi>Informative references</a></li></ol></li></ol></nav> <section class="informative" id="introduction"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="x1-introduction"><bdi class="secno">1. </bdi>Introduction</h2><a class="self-link" href="#introduction" aria-label="Permalink for Section 1."></a></div><p class="informative-statement"><em>This section (with its subsections) provides advice only and does not specify guidelines, meaning it is <a href="#dfn-informative" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn">informative</a> or non-normative.</em></p> <details class="summary"> <summary>Plain language summary of <q>Introduction</q></summary> <ul> <li><abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 3.0 shows ways to make web content and apps usable by people with disabilities. WCAG 3.0 is a newer standard than the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.</li> <li>WCAG 3.0 does not replace WCAG 2. WCAG 2 is used around the world and will still be required by different countries for a long time to come. </li> <li>Meeting WCAG 2 at AA level means you will be close to meeting WCAG 3.0, but there may be differences. </li> <li>We have developed labels to define the status of content for each section. The labels indicate how confident we are that the content will not change. This lets you know whether we are trying out an idea, or whether we have put a lot of work into the topic and we do not expect it to change. There are 5 status levels for sections of content: <ul> <li>Placeholder — we are thinking about this topic and plan to work on it in the next few months. </li> <li>Exploratory — we have started work on this topic, but still have many questions.</li> <li>Developing — we have general agreement on this topic, but not all the details are worked out. </li> <li>Refining — we think we have a good idea for this topic and want public feedback about it. We are ready to have a few people try it out and see how well it works. </li> <li>Mature — we think this topic is ready to publish and we want to know if we missed any rare examples. </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p class="summaryEnd">End of summary for <q>Introduction</q></p></details> <p>What’s new in this version of WCAG 3.0?</p> <p>This draft includes an updated list of the potential Guidelines and Requirements that we are exploring. The list of Requirements is longer than the list of Success Criteria in WCAG 2.2. This is because: </p><ul><li>the intent at this stage is to be as inclusive as possible of potential Requirements, and</li> <li>WCAG 3.0 Requirements are more granular than WCAG 2 Success Criteria. </li></ul> The final set of Requirements in WCAG 3.0 will be different from what is in this draft. Requirements will be added, combined, and removed. We also expect changes to the text of the Requirements. Only some of the Requirements will be used to meet the base level of conformance.<p></p> See <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/wcag-3.0-explainer/">Explainer for <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 3.0</a> for more information. <p>The Requirements are grouped into the following sections:</p> <ul> <li><a href="#image-and-media-alternatives">Image and media alternatives</a></li> <li><a href="#text-and-wording">Text and wording</a></li> <li><a href="#interactive-components">Interactive components</a></li> <li><a href="#input-operation">Input / operation</a></li> <li><a href="#error-handling">Error handling</a></li> <li><a href="#animation-and-movement">Animation and movement</a></li> <li><a href="#layout">Layout</a></li> <li><a href="#consistency-across-views">Consistency across views</a></li> <li><a href="#process-and-task-completion">Process and task completion</a></li> <li><a href="#policy-and-protection">Policy and protection</a></li> <li><a href="#help-and-feedback">Help and feedback</a></li> <li><a href="#user-control">User control</a></li> </ul> <p>The purpose of this update is to demonstrate a potential structure for guidelines and indicate the current direction of the WCAG 3.0 conformance. Please consider the following questions when reviewing this draft: </p><ul> <li>What Requirements are missing from this list to make web content accessible?</li> <li>What research supports or refutes the Requirements marked as needing additional research?</li> <li>Three guidelines (<a href="#clear-meaning">Clear meaning</a>, <a href="#image-alternatives">Image alternatives</a>, and <a href="#keyboard-focus-appearance">Keyboard focus appearance</a>) have moved from exploratory to developing, and demonstrate a potential structure. Do the following make the guidelines easier to understand and use: <ul> <li>Grouping related <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/wcag-3.0-explainer/#requirements-and-methods">requirements</a> and <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/wcag-3.0-explainer/#assertions">assertions</a>?</li> <li>Does the information under 'Which foundational requirements apply?' (the decision tree) make the guidelines easier to understand and use?</li> </ul> </li> <li>The organization of the decision trees in <a href="#clear-meaning">Clear meaning</a> and <a href="#keyboard-focus-appearance">Keyboard focus appearance</a> differ slightly. Does one seem clearer than the other?</li> <li>The conformance section explains the approach that the Accessibility Guidelines Working Group is considering for WCAG 3.0. While many details still need to be worked out, do you have constructive comments about the proposed approach for WCAG 3.0? </li> </ul><p></p> <p>To provide feedback, please file a <a href="https://github.com/w3c/wcag3/issues">GitHub issue</a> or email <a href="mailto:public-agwg-comments@w3.org?subject=WCAG%203.0%20public%20comment">public-agwg-comments@w3.org</a> (<a href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-agwg-comments/">comment archive</a>). </p> <section id="about-wcag-3-0"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x1-1-about-wcag-3-0"><bdi class="secno">1.1 </bdi>About WCAG 3.0</h3><a class="self-link" href="#about-wcag-3-0" aria-label="Permalink for Section 1.1"></a></div> <p>This specification presents a new model and guidelines to make web content and applications accessible to people with disabilities. The <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 3.0 support a wide set of user needs, use new approaches to testing, and allow frequent maintenance of guidelines and related content to keep pace with accelerating technology change. WCAG 3.0 supports this evolution by focusing on the <a href="#dfn-functional-need" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-functional-need-1">functional needs</a> of users. These needs are then supported by guidelines written as outcome statements, requirements, assertions, and technology-specific methods to meet those needs. </p> <p>WCAG 3.0 is a successor to <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/">Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.2</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" data-link-type="biblio" href="#bib-wcag22" title="Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2">WCAG22</a></cite>] and previous versions, but does not <a href="#dfn-deprecate" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-deprecate-1">deprecate</a> WCAG 2. It will also incorporate some content from and partially extend <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/UAAG20/"> User Agent Accessibility Guidelines 2.0</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" data-link-type="biblio" href="#bib-uaag20" title="User Agent Accessibility Guidelines (UAAG) 2.0">UAAG20</a></cite>] and <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/ATAG20/"> Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines 2.0</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" data-link-type="biblio" href="#bib-atag20" title="Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG) 2.0">ATAG20</a></cite>]. These earlier versions provided a flexible model that kept them relevant for over 15 years. However, changing technology and changing needs of people with disabilities have led to the need for a new model to address content accessibility more comprehensively and flexibly.</p> <p>There are many differences between WCAG 2 and WCAG 3.0. The WCAG 3.0 guidelines address accessibility of web content on desktops, laptops, tablets, mobile devices, wearable devices, and other Web of Things devices. The guidelines apply to various types of web content, including static, dynamic, interactive, and streaming content; visual and auditory media; virtual and augmented reality; and alternative access presentation and control. These guidelines also address related web tools such as user agents (browsers and assistive technologies), content management systems, authoring tools, and testing tools.</p> <p>Each <a href="#dfn-guideline" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-guideline-2">guideline</a> in this standard provides information on accessibility practices that address documented <a href="#dfn-user-need" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-user-need-2">user needs</a> of people with disabilities. Guidelines are supported by multiple <a href="#dfn-requirement" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-requirement-2">requirements</a> to determine whether the need has been met. Guidelines are also supported by technology-specific <a href="#dfn-method" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-method-2">methods</a> to meet each requirement. </p> <p>Content that conforms to WCAG 2.2 levels A and AA is expected to meet most of the minimum conformance level of this new standard but, since WCAG 3.0 includes additional tests and different scoring mechanics, additional work will be needed to reach full conformance. Since the new standard will use a different conformance model, the Accessibility Guidelines Working Group expects that some organizations may wish to continue using WCAG 2, while others may wish to migrate to the new standard. For those that wish to migrate to the new standard, the Working Group will provide transition support materials, which may use mapping and other approaches to facilitate migration.</p> </section> <section id="section-status-levels"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x1-2-section-status-levels"><bdi class="secno">1.2 </bdi>Section status levels</h3><a class="self-link" href="#section-status-levels" aria-label="Permalink for Section 1.2"></a></div> <p>As part of the WCAG 3.0 drafting process each <a href="#dfn-normative" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-normative-1">normative</a> section of this document is given a status. This status is used to indicate how far along in the development this section is, how ready it is for experimental adoption, and what kind of feedback the Accessibility Guidelines Working Group is looking for.</p> <ul> <li><strong id="status-placeholder">Placeholder</strong>: This content is temporary. It showcases the type of content to expect here. All of this is expected to be replaced. No feedback is needed on placeholder content.</li> <li><strong id="status-exploratory">Exploratory</strong>: This content is not refined, details and definitions may be missing. The Working Group is exploring what direction to take with this section. Feedback should be about the proposed direction.</li> <li><strong id="status-developing">Developing</strong>: This content has been roughly agreed on in terms of what is needed for this section, although not all high-level concerns have been settled. Details have been filled, but are yet to be worked out. Feedback should be focused on ensuring the sections is usable and reasonable in a broad sense.</li> <li><strong id="status-refining">Refining</strong>: This content is ready for broad public review and experimental adoption. The Working Group has reached consensus on this section. Feedback should be focused on the feasibility of implementation.</li> <li><strong id="status-mature">Mature</strong>: This content is believed by the Working Group to be ready for recommendation. Feedback on this section should be focused on edge case scenarios that the Working Group may not have anticipated.</li> </ul> </section> </section> <section data-status="placeholder" id="guidelines"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="x2-guidelines"><bdi class="secno">2. </bdi>Guidelines<span class="status-marker">Placeholder</span></h2><a class="self-link" href="#guidelines" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2."></a></div><p class="normative-statement"><em>This section (with its subsections) provides requirements which must be followed to <a>conform</a> to the specification, meaning it is <a href="#dfn-normative" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn">normative</a>.</em></p> <details class="summary"> <summary>Plain language summary of <q>Guidelines</q></summary> <p>The following guidelines are being considered for WCAG 3.0. They are currently a list of topics which we expect to explore more thoroughly in future drafts. The list includes current WCAG 2 guidance and additional requirements. The list will change in future drafts.</p> <p>Unless otherwise stated, requirements assume the content described is provided both visually and <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-1">programmatically</a>.</p> <p class="summaryEnd">End of summary for <q>Guidelines</q></p></details> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>The individuals and organizations that use WCAG vary widely and include web designers and developers, policy makers, purchasing agents, teachers, and students. To meet the varying needs of this audience, several layers of guidance will be provided including guidelines written as outcome statements, requirements that can be tested, assertions, a rich collection of methods, resource links, and code samples.</p> <p><strong> The following list is an initial set of potential guidelines and requirements that the Working Group will be exploring. The goal is to guide the next phase of work. They should be considered drafts and should not be considered as final content of WCAG 3.0</strong>.</p> <p>Ordinarily, exploratory content includes editor's notes listing concerns and questions for each item. Because this Guidelines section is very early in the process of working on WCAG 3.0, this editor's note covers most of the content in this section. Unless otherwise noted, all items in the list as exploratory at this point. It is a list of all possible topics for consideration. Not all items listed will be included in the final version of WCAG 3.0.</p> <p>The guidelines and requirements listed below came from analysis of user needs that the Working Group has been studying, examining, and researching. They have not been refined and do not include essential exceptions or methods. Some requirements may be best addressed by authoring tools or at the platform level. Many requirements need additional work to better define the scope and to ensure they apply correctly to multiple languages, cultures, and writing systems. We will address these questions as we further explore each requirement. </p> <p id="additional_research"><strong>Additional Research</strong></p> <p>One goal of publishing this list is to identify gaps in current research and request assistance filling those gaps.</p> <p> Editor's notes indicate the requirements within this list where the Working Group has not found enough research to fully validate the guidance and create methods to support it or additional work is needed to evaluate existing research. If you know of existing research or if you are interested in conducting research in this area, please file a <a href="https://github.com/w3c/wcag3/issues">GitHub issue</a> or send email to <a href="mailto:public-agwg-comments@w3.org?subject=WCAG%203.0%20public%20comment">public-agwg-comments@w3.org</a> (<a href="https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-agwg-comments/">comment archive</a>). </p> </div></div> <section data-status="developing" id="image-and-media-alternatives"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-1-image-and-media-alternatives"><bdi class="secno">2.1 </bdi>Image and media alternatives<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></h3><a class="self-link" href="#image-and-media-alternatives" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="image-alternatives"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-1-1-image-alternatives"><bdi class="secno">2.1.1 </bdi>Image alternatives</h4><a class="self-link" href="#image-alternatives" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.1"></a></div> <div class="body-wrapper"> <p class="guideline-text">Users have equivalent alternatives for images.</p> <aside class="doclinks"> <p><a href="https://w3.org/WAI/wcag3/how-to/image-alternatives/"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="i-info"><use xlink:href="img/icons.svg#i-info"></use></svg> How to meet Image alternatives</a></p> </aside> </div> <details class="decision-tree"> <summary>Which foundational requirements apply?</summary> <p>For each <a href="#dfn-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-1">image</a>: </p><ol> <li>Would removing the <a href="#dfn-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-2">image</a> impact how people understand the page? <ul><li>No, <a href="#decorative-image">Decorative image is programmatically hidden.</a> Stop.</li> <li>Yes, continue.</li></ul> </li> <li>Is the <a href="#dfn-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-3">image</a> presented in a way that is available to user agents and assistive technology? <ul><li>Yes, <a href="#dfn-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-4">image</a> must meet <a href="#detectable-image">Image is programmatically determinable</a> AND the <a href="#dfn-accessibility-support-set" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-accessibility-support-set-1">accessibility support set</a> meets <a href="#equivalent-text-alternative">Equivalent text alternative is available for image that conveys content</a>. Stop.</li> <li>No, continue.</li></ul> </li> <li>Is an equivalent text alternative available for the <a href="#dfn-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-5">image</a>? <ul><li>Yes, <a href="#dfn-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-6">image</a> must meet <a href="#equivalent-text-alternative">Equivalent text alternative is available for image that conveys content</a>. Stop.</li> <li>No, fail.</li></ul> </li> </ol> <p></p> </details> <section class="requirement" data-status="developing" data-requirement-type="foundational" id="decorative-image"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-1-1-decorative-image"><span class="requirement-type">Foundational requirement: </span>Decorative image<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#decorative-image" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.1.1"></a></div> <div class="body-wrapper"> <p class="requirement-text"><a href="#dfn-decorative-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-decorative-image-1">Decorative image</a> is <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-2">programmatically</a> hidden.</p> <aside class="doclinks"> <p><a href="https://w3.org/WAI/wcag3/how-to/image-alternatives/decorative-image/"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="i-info"><use xlink:href="img/icons.svg#i-info"></use></svg> Decorative image methods</a></p> </aside> </div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="developing" data-requirement-type="foundational" id="equivalent-text-alternative"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-1-2-equivalent-text-alternative"><span class="requirement-type">Foundational requirement: </span>Equivalent text alternative<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#equivalent-text-alternative" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.1.2"></a></div> <div class="body-wrapper"> <p class="requirement-text">Equivalent text alternative is available for <a href="#dfn-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-7">image</a> that conveys <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-1">content</a>.</p> <aside class="doclinks"> <p><a href="https://w3.org/WAI/wcag3/how-to/image-alternatives/equivalent-text-alternative/"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="i-info"><use xlink:href="img/icons.svg#i-info"></use></svg> Content image methods</a></p> </aside> </div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="developing" data-requirement-type="foundational" id="detectable-image"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-1-3-detectable-image"><span class="requirement-type">Foundational requirement: </span>Detectable image<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#detectable-image" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.1.3"></a></div> <div class="body-wrapper"> <p class="requirement-text"><a href="#dfn-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-8">Image</a> is <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-3">programmatically determinable</a>.</p> <aside class="doclinks"> <p><a href="https://w3.org/WAI/wcag3/how-to/image-alternatives/detectable-image/"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="i-info"><use xlink:href="img/icons.svg#i-info"></use></svg> Detectable image methods</a></p> </aside> </div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" data-requirement-type="supplemental" id="image-role"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-1-4-image-role"><span class="requirement-type">Supplemental requirement: </span>Image role<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#image-role" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.1.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The <a href="#dfn-image-role" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-role-1">role</a> and importance of the <a href="#dfn-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-9">image</a> is <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-4">programmatically indicated</a>.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" data-requirement-type="supplemental" id="image-type"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-1-5-image-type"><span class="requirement-type">Supplemental requirement: </span>Image type<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#image-type" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.1.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The <a href="#dfn-image-type" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-type-1">image type</a> (photo, icon, etc.) is indicated.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" data-requirement-type="supplemental" id="editable-alternatives"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-1-6-editable-alternatives"><span class="requirement-type">Supplemental requirement: </span>Editable alternatives<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#editable-alternatives" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.1.6"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Auto generated text descriptions are editable by <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-2">content</a> creator.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-0"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-0" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" data-requirement-type="assertion" id="style-guide"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-1-7-style-guide"><span class="requirement-type">Assertion: </span>Style guide<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#style-guide" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.1.7"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Text alternatives follow an organizational style guide.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="media-alternatives"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-1-2-media-alternatives"><bdi class="secno">2.1.2 </bdi>Media alternatives</h4><a class="self-link" href="#media-alternatives" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.2"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users have equivalent alternatives for media <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-3">content</a>.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="audio-descriptions"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-2-1-audio-descriptions"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Audio descriptions<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#audio-descriptions" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.2.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Where there is visual <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-4">content</a> in media, there is an equivalent synchronized audio track.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="captions"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-2-2-captions"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Captions<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#captions" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.2.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Where there is audio <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-5">content</a> in media, there are equivalent synchronized captions.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="descriptive-transcripts"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-2-3-descriptive-transcripts"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Descriptive transcripts<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#descriptive-transcripts" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.2.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">A transcript is available whenever audio or visual alternatives are used.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="findable-media-alternatives"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-2-4-findable-media-alternatives"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Findable media alternatives<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#findable-media-alternatives" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.2.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Media that has the desired media alternatives (captions, audio descriptions, and descriptive transcripts) can be found. (Needs additional research).</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-1"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-1" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="preferred-language"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-2-5-preferred-language"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Preferred language<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#preferred-language" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.2.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Equivalent audio alternatives are available in the preferred language.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-2"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-2" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="non-verbal-cues"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-2-6-non-verbal-cues"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Non-verbal cues<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#non-verbal-cues" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.2.6"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Media alternatives explain nonverbal cues, such as tone of voice, facial expressions, body gestures, or music with emotional meaning. </p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-3"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-3" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="nontext-alternatives"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-1-3-nontext-alternatives"><bdi class="secno">2.1.3 </bdi>Nontext alternatives</h4><a class="self-link" href="#nontext-alternatives" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.3"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users have alternatives available for non-text, non-image <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-6">content</a> that conveys context or meaning.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="nontext-content"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-3-1-nontext-content"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Nontext content<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#nontext-content" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.3.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Equivalent text alternatives are available for non-text, non-image <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-7">content</a> that conveys context or meaning. </p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-4"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-4" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="figure-captions"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-1-4-figure-captions"><bdi class="secno">2.1.4 </bdi>Figure captions</h4><a class="self-link" href="#figure-captions" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.4"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can view figure captions even if not focused at figure.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="persistent-captions"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-4-1-persistent-captions"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Persistent captions<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#persistent-captions" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.4.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Figure captions persist or can be made to persist even if the focus moves away.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-5"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-5" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="single-sense"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-1-5-single-sense"><bdi class="secno">2.1.5 </bdi>Single sense</h4><a class="self-link" href="#single-sense" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.5"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text"> Users have <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-8">content</a> that does not rely on a single sense or perception.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="use-of-hue"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-5-1-use-of-hue"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Use of hue<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#use-of-hue" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.5.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Information conveyed by graphical elements does not rely on hue.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-6"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-6" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="use-of-visual-depth"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-5-2-use-of-visual-depth"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Use of visual depth<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#use-of-visual-depth" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.5.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Information conveyed with visual depth is also conveyed <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-5">programmatically</a> and/or through text.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-7"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-7" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="use-of-sound"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-5-3-use-of-sound"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Use of sound<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#use-of-sound" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.5.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Information conveyed with sound is also conveyed <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-6">programmatically</a> and/or through text. </p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="use-of-spatial-audio"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-1-5-4-use-of-spatial-audio"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Use of spatial audio<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#use-of-spatial-audio" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.1.5.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Information that is conveyed with spatial audio is also conveyed <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-7">programmatically</a> and/or through text.</p> </section> </section> </section> <section id="text-and-wording"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-2-text-and-wording"><bdi class="secno">2.2 </bdi>Text and wording</h3><a class="self-link" href="#text-and-wording" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="text-appearance"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-2-1-text-appearance"><bdi class="secno">2.2.1 </bdi>Text appearance</h4><a class="self-link" href="#text-appearance" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.1"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can read visually rendered text.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="maximum-text-contrast"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-1-1-maximum-text-contrast"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Maximum text contrast<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#maximum-text-contrast" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.1.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The rendered text against its background meets a maximum <a href="#dfn-contrast-ratio-test" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-contrast-ratio-test-1">contrast ratio test</a> for its text appearance. </p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-8"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-8" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="minimum-text-contrast"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-1-2-minimum-text-contrast"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Minimum text contrast</h5><a class="self-link" href="#minimum-text-contrast" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.1.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The rendered text against its background meets a minimum <a href="#dfn-contrast-ratio-test" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-contrast-ratio-test-2">contrast ratio test</a> for its text appearance.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-9"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-9" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="text-size"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-1-3-text-size"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Text size<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#text-size" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The rendered text meets a minimum font size and weight.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-10"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-10" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="text-style"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-1-4-text-style"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Text style<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#text-style" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.1.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The rendered text does not use a decorative or cursive font face.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="text-to-speech"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-2-2-text-to-speech"><bdi class="secno">2.2.2 </bdi>Text-to-speech</h4><a class="self-link" href="#text-to-speech" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.2"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can access text <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-9">content</a> and its meaning with text-to-speech tools.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="text-to-speech-supported"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-2-1-text-to-speech-supported"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Text-to-speech supported<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#text-to-speech-supported" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.2.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Text <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-10">content</a> can be converted into speech.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-11"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-11" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="human-language"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-2-2-human-language"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Human language<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#human-language" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.2.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The human language of the <a href="#dfn-view" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-view-1">view</a> and <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-11">content</a> within the view is <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-8">programmatically</a> available.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="semantic-text-appearance"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-2-3-semantic-text-appearance"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Semantic text appearance<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#semantic-text-appearance" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.2.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Meaning conveyed by text appearance is <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-9">programmatically</a> available.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-12"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-12" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" data-status="developing" id="clear-meaning"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-2-3-clear-meaning"><bdi class="secno">2.2.3 </bdi>Clear meaning<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></h4><a class="self-link" href="#clear-meaning" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.3"></a></div> <div class="body-wrapper"> <p class="guideline-text">Users can access explanations of or alternatives to ambiguous <a href="#dfn-text" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-text-1">text</a> <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-12">content</a>.</p> <aside class="doclinks"> <p><a href="https://w3.org/WAI/wcag3/how-to/clear-meaning/"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="i-info"><use xlink:href="img/icons.svg#i-info"></use></svg> How to meet Clear Meaning</a></p> </aside> </div> <details class="decision-tree"> <summary>Which foundational requirements apply?</summary> <p>For each item of ambiguous text, such as <a href="#dfn-non-literal-text" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-non-literal-text-1">non-literal text</a>, abbreviations and acronyms, <a href="#dfn-ambiguous-numbers" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-ambiguous-numbers-1">ambiguous numbers</a>, or text missing letters or diacritics:</p> <ol> <li>Is the text presented in a way that is available to <a href="#dfn-user-agent" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-user-agent-1">user agents</a>, including assistive technology (AT)? <ul> <li>Yes, view meets <a href="#detectable-text">Text is programmatically determinable</a>, continue. </li> <li>No, continue to step 3. </li> </ul> </li> <li>Does the <a href="#dfn-accessibility-support-set" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-accessibility-support-set-2">accessibility support set</a> meet <a href="#unambiguous-text">Explain ambiguous text or provide an unambiguous alternative</a>? <ul> <li>Yes, pass. Stop. </li> <li>No, continue. </li> </ul> </li> <li>Does the author meet <a href="#unambiguous-text">Explain ambiguous text or provide an unambiguous alternative</a>? <ul> <li>Yes, pass. Stop. </li> <li>No, fail. </li> </ul> </li> </ol> <p><strong>Exception</strong></p> <ul> <li>If the purpose is to showcase works of art or fiction, such as a poetry journal or fictional stories, this guideline does not apply. However, if the purpose is to educate students about art or fiction, then this guideline applies.</li> </ul> </details> <section id="detectable-text" class="requirement" data-requirement-type="foundational"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-3-1-detectable-text"><span class="requirement-type">Foundational requirement: </span>Detectable text</h5><a class="self-link" href="#detectable-text" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.3.1"></a></div> <div class="body-wrapper"> <p class="requirement-text">Text is programmatically determinable</p> <aside class="doclinks"> <p><a href="https://w3.org/WAI/wcag3/how-to/clear-meaning/detectable-text/"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="i-info"><use xlink:href="img/icons.svg#i-info"></use></svg> Detectable text methods</a></p> </aside> </div> </section> <section id="unambiguous-text" class="requirement" data-requirement-type="foundational"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-3-2-unambiguous-text"><span class="requirement-type">Foundational requirement: </span>Unambiguous text</h5><a class="self-link" href="#unambiguous-text" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.3.2"></a></div> <div class="body-wrapper"> <p class="requirement-text">Explain ambiguous text or provide an unambiguous alternative.</p> <aside class="doclinks"> <p><a href="https://w3.org/WAI/wcag3/how-to/clear-meaning/unambiguous-text/"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="i-info"><use xlink:href="img/icons.svg#i-info"></use></svg> Unambiguous text methods</a></p> </aside> </div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="simplified-written-content"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-2-4-simplified-written-content"><bdi class="secno">2.2.4 </bdi>Simplified written content</h4><a class="self-link" href="#simplified-written-content" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.4"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users are not required to navigate complex words or sentence structures in order to understand <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-13">content</a>.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="appropriate-tone"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-4-1-appropriate-tone"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Appropriate tone<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#appropriate-tone" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.4.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The language and tone used is appropriate to the topic or subject matter.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-13"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-13" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="double-negatives"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-4-2-double-negatives"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Double negatives<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#double-negatives" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.4.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"><a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-14">Content</a> does not include double negatives to express a positive unless it is standard usage for that language or dialect. </p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="sentence-voice"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-4-3-sentence-voice"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Sentence voice<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#sentence-voice" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.4.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The voice used is easiest to understand in context.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-14"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-14" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="uncommon-words"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-4-4-uncommon-words"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Uncommon words<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#uncommon-words" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.4.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Definitions for uncommon or new words are available.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-15"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-15" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="unnecessary-words-or-phrases"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-4-5-unnecessary-words-or-phrases"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Unnecessary words or phrases<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#unnecessary-words-or-phrases" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.4.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Sentences are concise, without unnecessary filler words and phrases.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="verb-tense"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-2-4-6-verb-tense"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Verb tense<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#verb-tense" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.2.4.6"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The verb tense used is easiest to understand in context.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-16"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-16" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> </section> <section id="interactive-components"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-3-interactive-components"><bdi class="secno">2.3 </bdi>Interactive components</h3><a class="self-link" href="#interactive-components" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3"></a></div> <section class="guideline" data-status="developing" id="keyboard-focus-appearance"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-3-1-keyboard-focus-appearance"><bdi class="secno">2.3.1 </bdi>Keyboard focus appearance<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></h4><a class="self-link" href="#keyboard-focus-appearance" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.1"></a></div> <div class="body-wrapper"> <p class="guideline-text">Users can see which <a href="#dfn-element" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-element-1">element</a> has keyboard focus.</p> <aside class="doclinks"> <p><a href="https://w3.org/WAI/wcag3/how-to/focus-appearance/"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="i-info"><use xlink:href="img/icons.svg#i-info"></use></svg> How to meet Keyboard Focus Appearance</a></p> </aside> </div> <details class="decision-tree"> <summary>Which foundational requirements apply?</summary> <p>For each focusable item: </p><ol> <li>Is the user-agent default focus indicator used? <ul> <li>Yes, the <a href="#user-agent-default-indicator">user-agent default indicator</a> is used AND the <em>accessibility support set</em> meets <a href="#custom-indicator">Custom focus indicators</a>. Stop.</li> <li>No, continue.</li> </ul> </li> <li>Is the focus indicator defined by the author? <ul> <li>Yes, indicator must meet <a href="#custom-indicator">Custom focus indicators</a>. Stop.</li> <li>No, fail.</li> </ul> </li> </ol> <p></p> </details> <section class="requirement" data-status="developing" data-requirement-type="foundational" id="custom-indicator"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-1-1-custom-indicator"><span class="requirement-type">Foundational requirement: </span>Custom indicator<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#custom-indicator" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.1.1"></a></div> <div class="body-wrapper"> <p class="requirement-text">A custom focus indicator is used with sufficient size, change of contrast, adjacent contrast, distinct style and adjacency.</p> <aside class="doclinks"> <p><a href="https://w3.org/WAI/wcag3/how-to/focus-appearance/custom-indicator/"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="i-info"><use xlink:href="img/icons.svg#i-info"></use></svg> Custom indicator methods</a></p> </aside> </div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="developing" data-requirement-type="foundational" id="user-agent-default-indicator"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-1-2-user-agent-default-indicator"><span class="requirement-type">Foundational requirement: </span>User-agent default indicator<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#user-agent-default-indicator" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.1.2"></a></div> <div class="body-wrapper"> <p class="requirement-text">Focusable item uses the user agent default indicator.</p> <aside class="doclinks"> <p><a href="https://w3.org/WAI/wcag3/how-to/focus-appearance/user-agent-default-indicator/"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="i-info"><use xlink:href="img/icons.svg#i-info"></use></svg> User agent default indicator methods</a></p> </aside> </div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" data-requirement-type="supplemental" id="supplementary-indicators"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-1-3-supplementary-indicators"><span class="requirement-type">Supplemental requirement: </span>Supplementary indicators<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#supplementary-indicators" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">@@</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" data-provision-type="assertion" id="style-guide-focus-indicators-follow-an-organizational-style-guide"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-1-4"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span><span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#style-guide-focus-indicators-follow-an-organizational-style-guide" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.1.4"></a></div> Style guide <p class="provision-text">Focus indicators follow an organizational style guide.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="pointer-focus-appearance"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-3-2-pointer-focus-appearance"><bdi class="secno">2.3.2 </bdi>Pointer focus appearance</h4><a class="self-link" href="#pointer-focus-appearance" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.2"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can see the location of the pointer focus.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="pointer-visible"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-2-1-pointer-visible"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Pointer visible<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#pointer-visible" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.2.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">There is a visible indicator of pointer focus.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="navigating-content"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-3-3-navigating-content"><bdi class="secno">2.3.3 </bdi>Navigating content</h4><a class="self-link" href="#navigating-content" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.3"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can determine where they are and move through <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-15">content</a> (including interactive elements) in a systematic and meaningful way regardless of input or movement method. </p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="focus-in-viewport"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-3-1-focus-in-viewport"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Focus in viewport<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#focus-in-viewport" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.3.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The focus does not move to a position outside the current viewport, unless a mechanism is available to return to the previous focus point.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="focus-retention"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-3-2-focus-retention"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Focus retention<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#focus-retention" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.3.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">A user can focus on a <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-16">content</a> “area,” such as a modal or pop-up, then resume their view of all <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-17">content</a> using a limited number of steps.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="keyboard-focus-order"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-3-3-keyboard-focus-order"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Keyboard focus order<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#keyboard-focus-order" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.3.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The keyboard focus moves sequentially through <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-18">content</a> in an order and way that preserves meaning and operability.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="restore-focus"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-3-4-restore-focus"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Restore focus<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#restore-focus" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.3.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">When the focus is moved by the <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-19">content</a> into a temporary change of <a href="#dfn-view" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-view-2">view</a> (e.g. a modal), the focus is restored to its previous location when returned from the temporary change of view.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="relevant-focus"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-3-5-relevant-focus"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Relevant focus<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#relevant-focus" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.3.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The focus order does not include repetitive, hidden, or static elements.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="expected-behavior"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-3-4-expected-behavior"><bdi class="secno">2.3.4 </bdi>Expected behavior</h4><a class="self-link" href="#expected-behavior" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.4"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users have interactive components that behave as expected.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="consistent-interaction"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-4-1-consistent-interaction"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Consistent Interaction<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#consistent-interaction" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.4.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Interactive components with the same functionality behave consistently.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="consistent-labels"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-4-2-consistent-labels"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Consistent labels<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#consistent-labels" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.4.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"> Interactive components with the same functionality have consistent labels.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="consistent-visual-design"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-4-3-consistent-visual-design"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Consistent visual design<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#consistent-visual-design" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.4.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"> Interactive components that have similar function and behavior have a consistent visual design.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="control-location"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-4-4-control-location"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Control location<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#control-location" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.4.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Interactive components are visually and <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-10">programmatically</a> located in conventional locations.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-17"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-17" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="conventions"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-4-5-conventions"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Conventions<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#conventions" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.4.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"> Interactive components follow established conventions.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-18"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-18" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="familiar-component"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-4-6-familiar-component"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Familiar component<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#familiar-component" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.4.6"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Conventional interactive components are used.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="reliable-positioning"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-4-7-reliable-positioning"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Reliable positioning<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#reliable-positioning" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.4.7"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Interactive components retain their position unless a user changes the viewport or moves the component.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="control-information"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-3-5-control-information"><bdi class="secno">2.3.5 </bdi>Control information</h4><a class="self-link" href="#control-information" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.5"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users have information about interactive components that is identifiable and usable visually and using assistive technology.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="control-contrast"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-5-1-control-contrast"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Control contrast<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#control-contrast" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.5.1"></a></div> <p class="provision-text">Visual information required to identify user interface components and states meet a minimum <a href="#dfn-contrast-ratio-test" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-contrast-ratio-test-3">contrast ratio test</a>, except for inactive components or where the appearance of the component is determined by the user agent and not modified by the author.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-19"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-19" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="control-importance"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-5-2-control-importance"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Control importance<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#control-importance" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.5.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The importance of interactive components is indicated.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-20"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-20" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="control-labels"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-5-3-control-labels"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Control labels<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#control-labels" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.5.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Interactive components have visible labels that identify the purpose of the component.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="control-updates"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-5-4-control-updates"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Control updates<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#control-updates" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.5.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Changes to interactive components’ names, roles, values or states are visually and <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-11">programmatically indicated</a>.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="distinguishable-controls"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-5-5-distinguishable-controls"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Distinguishable controls<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#distinguishable-controls" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.5.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"> Interactive components are visually distinguishable without interaction from static <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-20">content</a> and include visual cues on how to use them.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="field-constraints"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-5-6-field-constraints"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Field constraints<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#field-constraints" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.5.6"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Field constraints and conditions (required line length, date format, password format, etc.) are available.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="input-labels"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-5-7-input-labels"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Input labels<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#input-labels" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.5.7"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Inputs have visible labels that identify the purpose of the input.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="label-in-name"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-5-8-label-in-name"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Label in name<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#label-in-name" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.5.8"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The programmatic name includes the visual label.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="name-role-value-state"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-3-5-9-name-role-value-state"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Name, role, value, state<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#name-role-value-state" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.3.5.9"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Accurate names, roles, values, and states are available for interactive components. </p> </section> </section> </section> <section id="input-operation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-4-input-operation"><bdi class="secno">2.4 </bdi>Input / operation</h3><a class="self-link" href="#input-operation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="input-operation-0"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-4-1-input-operation"><bdi class="secno">2.4.1 </bdi>Input operation</h4><a class="self-link" href="#input-operation-0" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.1"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can use different input techniques and combinations and switch between them.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="concurrent-inputs"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-1-1-concurrent-inputs"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Concurrent inputs<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#concurrent-inputs" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.1.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"> Any input modality available on a platform can be used concurrently.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="hover-information"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-1-2-hover-information"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Hover information<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#hover-information" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.1.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Users can dismiss additional <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-21">content</a> (triggered by hover) without moving the pointer, unless the additional content communicates an input error or does not obscure or replace other content.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="input-control"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-1-3-input-control"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Input control<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#input-control" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Interactive components are available to all navigation and input methods.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="content-changes"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-4-2-content-changes"><bdi class="secno">2.4.2 </bdi>Content changes</h4><a class="self-link" href="#content-changes" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.2"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users are aware of changes to <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-22">content</a> or context.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="notify-about-change"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-2-1-notify-about-change"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Notify about change<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#notify-about-change" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.2.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Changes in <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-23">content</a> and updates notify users, regardless of the update speed. </p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="notify-on-change"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-2-2-notify-on-change"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Notify on change<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#notify-on-change" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.2.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Notification is provided when viewing <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-24">content</a> that was previously viewed is changed.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="inform-before-activation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-2-3-inform-before-activation"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Inform before activation<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#inform-before-activation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.2.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Interactive components that can alter the order of <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-25">content</a> convey their purpose prior to activation, and convey their impact on content order when activated.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="reverse-change-of-context"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-2-4-reverse-change-of-context"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Reverse change of context<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#reverse-change-of-context" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.2.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Components that trigger a 'change of context' are indicated, or the change of context can be reversed.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="target-size"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-4-3-target-size"><bdi class="secno">2.4.3 </bdi>Target size</h4><a class="self-link" href="#target-size" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.3"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users are not required to accurately position a pointer in order to view or operate <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-26">content</a>.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="target-size-minimum"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-3-1-target-size-minimum"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Target size minimum<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#target-size-minimum" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.3.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The combined target size and spacing to adjacent targets is at least 24x24 pixels </p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="target-size-optimum"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-3-2-target-size-optimum"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Target size optimum<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#target-size-optimum" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.3.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The combined target size and spacing to adjacent targets is at least 48x48 pixels.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="keyboard-operation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-4-4-keyboard-operation"><bdi class="secno">2.4.4 </bdi>Keyboard operation</h4><a class="self-link" href="#keyboard-operation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.4"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can navigate and operate content using only the keyboard focus.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="comparable-keyboard-effort"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-4-1-comparable-keyboard-effort"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Comparable keyboard effort<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#comparable-keyboard-effort" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.4.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The number of input commands required to complete a task using the keyboard is similar to the number of input commands when using other input modalities.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-21"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-21" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="conflicting-keyboard-commands"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-4-2-conflicting-keyboard-commands"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Conflicting keyboard commands<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#conflicting-keyboard-commands" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.4.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Authored keyboard commands do not conflict with platform commands or they can be remapped.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="consistent-keyboard-interaction"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-4-3-consistent-keyboard-interaction"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Consistent keyboard interaction<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#consistent-keyboard-interaction" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.4.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"> Keyboard interface interactions are consistent.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="keyboard-mode"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-4-4-keyboard-mode"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Keyboard mode<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#keyboard-mode" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.4.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">If the keyboard is non-hardware (such as a virtual keyboard), the keyboard input mode is indicated.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="keyboard-only"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-4-5-keyboard-only"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Keyboard only<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#keyboard-only" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.4.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">All functionality must be accessible through the keyboard, except when a task requires input based on the user's specific input action.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="no-keyboard-trap"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-4-6-no-keyboard-trap"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>No keyboard trap<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#no-keyboard-trap" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.4.6"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">If keyboard focus can be moved to an <a href="#dfn-interactive-component" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-interactive-component-1">interactive component</a>, then the keyboard focus can be moved away from that component, or the component can be dismissed, with focus returning to the previous point.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="non-standard-commands"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-4-7-non-standard-commands"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Non-standard commands<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#non-standard-commands" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.4.7"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The user is informed of non-standard authored keyboard commands.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="gestures"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-4-5-gestures"><bdi class="secno">2.4.5 </bdi>Gestures</h4><a class="self-link" href="#gestures" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.5"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users are not required to use gestures or dragging to view or operate <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-27">content</a>.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="change-focus-with-pointer-device"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-5-1-change-focus-with-pointer-device"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Change focus with pointer device<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#change-focus-with-pointer-device" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.5.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Selecting an <a href="#dfn-interactive-component" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-interactive-component-2">interactive component</a> with a <a href="#dfn-pointer" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-pointer-1">pointer</a> sets the focus to that <a href="#dfn-element" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-element-2">element</a>.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="complex-pointer-inputs"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-5-2-complex-pointer-inputs"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Complex pointer inputs<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#complex-pointer-inputs" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.5.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Every function that can be operated by a pointer, can be operated by a <a href="#dfn-single-pointer-input" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-single-pointer-input-1">single pointer input</a> or a sequence of single pointer inputs without requiring certain timing.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="pointer-agnostic"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-5-3-pointer-agnostic"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Pointer-agnostic<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#pointer-agnostic" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.5.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Functionality which supports pointers is available to any pointer device supported by the platform.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="pointer-cancellation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-5-4-pointer-cancellation"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Pointer cancellation<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#pointer-cancellation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.5.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The method of pointer cancellation is consistent.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="specific-pressure"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-5-5-specific-pressure"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Specific pressure<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#specific-pressure" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.5.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Where specific pressures are used, they can be adjusted and/or disabled without loss of function.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-22"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-22" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="speed-insensitive"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-5-6-speed-insensitive"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Speed insensitive<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#speed-insensitive" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.5.6"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Where specific speeds are used, they can be adjusted and/or disabled without loss of function.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-23"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-23" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="motion-input"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-4-6-motion-input"><bdi class="secno">2.4.6 </bdi>Motion input</h4><a class="self-link" href="#motion-input" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.6"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users are not required to move their bodies or devices to operate functionality.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="use-without-body-movement"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-6-1-use-without-body-movement"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Use without body movement<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#use-without-body-movement" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.6.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">All functionality that requires full or gross body movement may also be accomplished with a standard input device.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="use-without-device-movement"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-4-6-2-use-without-device-movement"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Use without device movement<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#use-without-device-movement" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.4.6.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">All functionality can be completed without reorienting or repositioning hardware devices.</p> </section> </section> </section> <section id="error-handling"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-5-error-handling"><bdi class="secno">2.5 </bdi>Error handling</h3><a class="self-link" href="#error-handling" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.5"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="correct-mistakes"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-5-1-correct-mistakes"><bdi class="secno">2.5.1 </bdi>Correct mistakes</h4><a class="self-link" href="#correct-mistakes" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.5.1"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users know about and can correct mistakes.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="error-association"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-5-1-1-error-association"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Error association<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#error-association" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.5.1.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Error notifications are <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-12">programmatically associated</a> with the error source so that users can access the error information while focused on the source of the error.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="error-identification"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-5-1-2-error-identification"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Error identification<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#error-identification" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.5.1.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Errors are visually identifiable without relying on only text, only color, or only symbols. </p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="error-notification"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-5-1-3-error-notification"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Error notification<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#error-notification" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.5.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Errors that can be automatically detected are identified and described to the user.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="persistent-errors"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-5-1-4-persistent-errors"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Persistent errors<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#persistent-errors" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.5.1.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Error notifications persist until the user dismisses them or the error is resolved.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="visible-errors"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-5-1-5-visible-errors"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Visible errors<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#visible-errors" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.5.1.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Error notifications are visually collocated with the source of the error within the viewport, or provide a link to the source of the error which, when activated, moves the viewport to the error.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-24"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-24" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> </section> <section id="animation-and-movement"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-6-animation-and-movement"><bdi class="secno">2.6 </bdi>Animation and movement</h3><a class="self-link" href="#animation-and-movement" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.6"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="avoid-physical-harm"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-6-1-avoid-physical-harm"><bdi class="secno">2.6.1 </bdi>Avoid physical harm</h4><a class="self-link" href="#avoid-physical-harm" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.6.1"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users do not experience physical harm from <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-28">content</a>.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="audio-shifting"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-6-1-1-audio-shifting"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Audio shifting<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#audio-shifting" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.6.1.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Audio shifting designed to create a perception of motion is avoided; or can be paused or prevented.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-25"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-25" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="flashing"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-6-1-2-flashing"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Flashing<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#flashing" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.6.1.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Flashing or strobing beyond thresholds defined by safety standards are avoided; or can be paused or prevented.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="motion"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-6-1-3-motion"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Motion<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#motion" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.6.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Visual motion and pseudo-motion that lasts longer than 5 seconds is avoided; or can be paused or prevented.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-26"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-26" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="motion-from-interaction"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-6-1-4-motion-from-interaction"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Motion from interaction<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#motion-from-interaction" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.6.1.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Visual motion and pseudo-motion triggered by interaction is avoided; or can be prevented, unless the animation is essential to the functionality or the information being conveyed.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-27"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-27" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> </section> <section id="layout"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-7-layout"><bdi class="secno">2.7 </bdi>Layout</h3><a class="self-link" href="#layout" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="relationships"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-7-1-relationships"><bdi class="secno">2.7.1 </bdi>Relationships</h4><a class="self-link" href="#relationships" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.1"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can determine relationships between <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-29">content</a> both visually and using assistive technologies.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="clear-relationships"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-1-1-clear-relationships"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Clear relationships<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#clear-relationships" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.1.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The relationships between parts of the <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-30">content</a> is clearly indicated.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="clear-starting-point"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-1-2-clear-starting-point"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Clear starting point<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#clear-starting-point" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.1.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The starting point or home is visually and <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-13">programmatically</a> labeled.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="distinguishable-relationships"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-1-3-distinguishable-relationships"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Distinguishable relationships<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#distinguishable-relationships" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Relationships that convey meaning between pieces of <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-31">content</a> are <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-14">programmatically determinable</a>. Note: Examples of relationships include items positioned next to each other, arranged in a hierarchy, or visually grouped.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-28"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-28" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="distinguishable-sections"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-1-4-distinguishable-sections"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Distinguishable sections<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#distinguishable-sections" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.1.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Sections are visually and <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-15">programmatically</a> distinguishable.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-29"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-29" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="recognizable-layouts"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-7-2-recognizable-layouts"><bdi class="secno">2.7.2 </bdi>Recognizable layouts</h4><a class="self-link" href="#recognizable-layouts" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.2"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users have consistent and recognizable layouts available.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="consistent-order"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-2-1-consistent-order"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Consistent order<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#consistent-order" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.2.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The relative order of <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-32">content</a> and interactions remain consistent throughout a workflow. Note: Relative order means that content can be added or removed, but repeated <a href="#dfn-items" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-items-1">items</a> are in the same order relative to each other.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="familiar-layout"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-2-2-familiar-layout"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Familiar layout<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#familiar-layout" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.2.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Conventional layouts are available.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="information-about-options"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-2-3-information-about-options"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Information about options<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#information-about-options" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.2.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Information required to understand options is visually and <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-16">programmatically</a> associated with the options.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="related-information"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-2-4-related-information"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Related information<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#related-information" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.2.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Related information is grouped together within a visual and programmatic structure.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="orientation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-7-3-orientation"><bdi class="secno">2.7.3 </bdi>Orientation</h4><a class="self-link" href="#orientation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.3"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can determine their location in <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-33">content</a> both visually and using assistive technologies.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="current-location"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-3-1-current-location"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Current location<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#current-location" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.3.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The current location within the <a href="#dfn-view" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-view-3">view</a>, multi-step <a href="#dfn-process" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-process-1">process</a>, and <a href="#dfn-product" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-product-1">product</a> is visually and <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-17">programmatically indicated</a>.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-30"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-30" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="multistep-process"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-3-2-multistep-process"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Multistep process<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#multistep-process" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.3.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"> Provides context that orients the user in a site or multi-step process.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="contextual-information"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-3-3-contextual-information"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Contextual information<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#contextual-information" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.3.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"> Provide contextual information to help the user orient within the <a href="#dfn-product" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-product-2">product</a>.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="structure"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-7-4-structure"><bdi class="secno">2.7.4 </bdi>Structure</h4><a class="self-link" href="#structure" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.4"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can understand and navigate through the <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-34">content</a> using structure.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="section-labels"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-4-1-section-labels"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Section labels<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#section-labels" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.4.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Major sections of <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-35">content</a> have within them well structured, understandable visual and programmatic headings.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="section-length"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-4-2-section-length"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Section length<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#section-length" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.4.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"><a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-36">Content</a> is organized into short sections of related content.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-31"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-31" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="section-purpose"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-4-3-section-purpose"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Section purpose<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#section-purpose" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.4.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The purpose of each section of the <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-37">content</a> is clearly indicated.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="single-idea"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-4-4-single-idea"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Single idea<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#single-idea" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.4.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The number of concepts within a segment of text is minimized.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="topic-sentence"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-4-5-topic-sentence"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Topic sentence<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#topic-sentence" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.4.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">For text intended to inform the user, each paragraph of text begins with a topic sentence stating the aim or purpose.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="white-spacing"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-4-6-white-spacing"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>White spacing<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#white-spacing" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.4.6"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Whitespace separates chunks of <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-38">content</a>. </p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="title-0"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-4-7-title"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Title<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#title-0" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.4.7"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"><a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-39">Content</a> has a title or high-level description.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="lists"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-4-8-lists"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Lists<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#lists" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.4.8"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Three or more <a href="#dfn-items" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-items-2">items</a> of related data are presented as bulleted or numbered lists.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="numbered-steps"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-7-4-9-numbered-steps"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Numbered steps<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#numbered-steps" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.7.4.9"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Steps in a multi-step process are numbered.</p> </section> </section> </section> <section id="consistency-across-views"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-8-consistency-across-views"><bdi class="secno">2.8 </bdi>Consistency across views</h3><a class="self-link" href="#consistency-across-views" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.8"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="consistency"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-8-1-consistency"><bdi class="secno">2.8.1 </bdi>Consistency</h4><a class="self-link" href="#consistency" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.8.1"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users have consistent and alternative methods for navigation.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="consistent-navigation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-8-1-1-consistent-navigation"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Consistent navigation<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#consistent-navigation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.8.1.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Navigation elements remain consistent across views within the <a href="#dfn-product" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-product-3">product</a>.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="multiple-ways"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-8-1-2-multiple-ways"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Multiple ways<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#multiple-ways" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.8.1.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The <a href="#dfn-product" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-product-4">product</a> provides at least two ways of navigating and finding information (Search, Scan, Site Map, Menu Structure, Breadcrumbs, contextual links, etc.).</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="persistent-navigation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-8-1-3-persistent-navigation"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Persistent navigation<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#persistent-navigation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.8.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Navigation features are available regardless of screen size and magnification (responsive design)</p> </section> </section> </section> <section id="process-and-task-completion"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-9-process-and-task-completion"><bdi class="secno">2.9 </bdi>Process and task completion</h3><a class="self-link" href="#process-and-task-completion" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="avoid-cognitive-tasks"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-9-1-avoid-cognitive-tasks"><bdi class="secno">2.9.1 </bdi>Avoid cognitive tasks</h4><a class="self-link" href="#avoid-cognitive-tasks" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.1"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can complete tasks without needing to memorize nor complete advanced cognitive tasks.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="allow-automated-entry"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-1-1-allow-automated-entry"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Allow automated entry<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#allow-automated-entry" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.1.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Automated input from user agents, 3rd party tools, or copy-and-paste is not prevented.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="no-cognitive-tests"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-1-2-no-cognitive-tests"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>No cognitive tests<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#no-cognitive-tests" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.1.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Processes, including authentication, can be completed without puzzles, calculations, or other cognitive tests (essential exceptions would apply).</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="no-memorization"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-1-3-no-memorization"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>No memorization<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#no-memorization" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Processes can be completed without memorizing and recalling information from previous stages of the process. </p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-32"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-32" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="adequate-time"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-9-2-adequate-time"><bdi class="secno">2.9.2 </bdi>Adequate time</h4><a class="self-link" href="#adequate-time" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.2"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users have enough time to read and use <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-40">content</a>.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="adjust-timing-at-start"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-2-1-adjust-timing-at-start"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Adjust timing at start<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#adjust-timing-at-start" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.2.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">For each process with a time-limit, a mechanism exists to disable or extend the limit before the time-limit starts.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="adjust-timing-at-timeout"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-2-2-adjust-timing-at-timeout"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Adjust timing at timeout<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#adjust-timing-at-timeout" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.2.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">For each process with a time-limit, a mechanism exists to disable or extend the time-limit at timeout.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="disable-timeout"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-2-3-disable-timeout"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Disable timeout<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#disable-timeout" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.2.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">For each process with a time-limit, a mechanism exists to disable the limit.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="unnecessary-steps"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-9-3-unnecessary-steps"><bdi class="secno">2.9.3 </bdi>Unnecessary steps</h4><a class="self-link" href="#unnecessary-steps" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.3"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can complete tasks without unnecessary steps.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="optional-information"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-3-1-optional-information"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Optional information<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#optional-information" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.3.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Processes can be completed without being forced to read or understand unnecessary <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-41">content</a>.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="optional-input"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-3-2-optional-input"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Optional input<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#optional-input" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.3.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Processes can be completed without entering unnecessary information.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="avoid-deception"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-9-4-avoid-deception"><bdi class="secno">2.9.4 </bdi>Avoid deception</h4><a class="self-link" href="#avoid-deception" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.4"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users do not encounter deception when completing tasks, unless essential to the task.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="deceptive-controls"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-4-1-deceptive-controls"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Deceptive controls<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#deceptive-controls" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.4.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Interactive components are not deceptively designed.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-33"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-33" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="exploitive-behaviors"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-4-2-exploitive-behaviors"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Exploitive behaviors<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#exploitive-behaviors" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.4.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Process completion does not include exploitive behaviors.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-34"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-34" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="misinformation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-4-3-misinformation"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Misinformation<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#misinformation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.4.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Processes can be completed without navigating misinformation or redirections.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-35"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-35" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="preselections"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-4-4-preselections"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Preselections<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#preselections" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.4.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Preselected options are visible by default during process completion without additional interactions.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="redirection"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-4-5-redirection"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Redirection<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#redirection" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.4.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">A mechanism is available to prevent fraudulent redirection or alert users they are exiting the site. </p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-36"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-36" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="retain-information"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-9-5-retain-information"><bdi class="secno">2.9.5 </bdi>Retain information</h4><a class="self-link" href="#retain-information" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.5"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users do not have to reenter information or redo work.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="go-back-in-process"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-5-1-go-back-in-process"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Go back in process<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#go-back-in-process" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.5.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">In a multistep process, the interface supports stepping backwards in a process and returning to the current point without data loss.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="redundant-entry"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-5-2-redundant-entry"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Redundant entry<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#redundant-entry" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.5.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Information previously entered by or provided to the user that is required to be entered again in the same process is either auto-populated, or available for the user to select.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="save-progress"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-5-3-save-progress"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Save progress<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#save-progress" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.5.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Data entry and other task completion processes allow saving and resuming from the current step in the task.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="complete-tasks"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-9-6-complete-tasks"><bdi class="secno">2.9.6 </bdi>Complete tasks</h4><a class="self-link" href="#complete-tasks" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.6"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users understand how to complete tasks.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="action-required"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-6-1-action-required"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Action required<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#action-required" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.6.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">In a process, the interface indicates when user input or action is required to proceed to the next step. c</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="inform-at-start-of-process"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-6-2-inform-at-start-of-process"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Inform at start of process<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#inform-at-start-of-process" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.6.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Information needed to complete a multi-step process is provided at the start of the process, including: </p><ul><li>number of steps it might take (if known in advance),</li> <li>details of any resources needed to perform the task, and</li> <li>overview of the process and next step.</li></ul> <p></p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="steps-and-instructions"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-9-6-3-steps-and-instructions"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Steps and instructions<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#steps-and-instructions" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.9.6.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The steps and instructions needed to complete a multistep process are available </p> </section> </section> </section> <section id="policy-and-protection"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-10-policy-and-protection"><bdi class="secno">2.10 </bdi>Policy and protection</h3><a class="self-link" href="#policy-and-protection" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="content-source"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-10-1-content-source"><bdi class="secno">2.10.1 </bdi>Content source</h4><a class="self-link" href="#content-source" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.1"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can determine when <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-42">content</a> is provided by a Third Party</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="citation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-10-1-1-citation"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Citation<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#citation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.1.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The author or source of the primary <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-43">content</a> is visually and <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-18">programmatically</a> indicated. </p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-37"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-37" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="indicate-3rd-party-content"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-10-1-2-indicate-3rd-party-content"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Indicate 3rd party content<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#indicate-3rd-party-content" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.1.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Third party <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-44">content</a> (AI, Advertising, etc.) is visually and <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-19">programmatically</a> indicated. </p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-38"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-38" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="obscuring-primary-content"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-10-1-3-obscuring-primary-content"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Obscuring primary content<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#obscuring-primary-content" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Advertising and other third-party <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-45">content</a> that obscures the primary content can be moved or removed without interacting with the advertising or third-party content.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-39"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-39" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="security-and-privacy"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-10-2-security-and-privacy"><bdi class="secno">2.10.2 </bdi>Security and privacy</h4><a class="self-link" href="#security-and-privacy" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.2"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users’ safety, security or privacy are not decreased by accessibility measures. </p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="clear-agreement"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-10-2-1-clear-agreement"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Clear agreement<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#clear-agreement" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.2.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The interface indicates when a user is entering an agreement or submitting data.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-40"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-40" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="disability-information-privacy"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-10-2-2-disability-information-privacy"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Disability information privacy<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#disability-information-privacy" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.2.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Disability information is not disclosed to or used by third parties and algorithms (including AI).</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-41"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-41" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="sensitive-information"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-10-2-3-sensitive-information"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Sensitive information<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#sensitive-information" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.2.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Prompts to hide and remove sensitive information from observers are available.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-42"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-42" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="risk-statements"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-10-2-4-risk-statements"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Risk statements<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#risk-statements" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.2.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Clear explanations of the risks and consequences of choices, including use, are stated.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-43"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-43" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="algorithms"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-10-3-algorithms"><bdi class="secno">2.10.3 </bdi>Algorithms</h4><a class="self-link" href="#algorithms" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.3"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users are not disadvantaged by algorithms.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="algorithm-bias"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-10-3-1-algorithm-bias"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Algorithm bias<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#algorithm-bias" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.3.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Algorithms (including AI) used are not biased against people with disabilities.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-44"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-44" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="social-media-algorithm"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-10-3-2-social-media-algorithm"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Social media algorithm<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#social-media-algorithm" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.10.3.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">A mechanism is available to understand and control social media algorithms.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-45"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-45" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> </section> <section id="help-and-feedback"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-11-help-and-feedback"><bdi class="secno">2.11 </bdi>Help and feedback</h3><a class="self-link" href="#help-and-feedback" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="help-available"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-11-1-help-available"><bdi class="secno">2.11.1 </bdi>Help available</h4><a class="self-link" href="#help-available" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.1"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users have help available.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="consistent-help"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-1-1-consistent-help"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Consistent help<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#consistent-help" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.1.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Help is labeled consistently and available in a consistent visual and programmatic location.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-46"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-46" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="contextual-help"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-1-2-contextual-help"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Contextual help<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#contextual-help" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.1.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Contextual help is available.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="conversational-support"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-1-3-conversational-support"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Conversational support<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#conversational-support" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Conversational support allowing both text and verbal modes is available.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="data-visualizations"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-1-4-data-visualizations"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Data visualizations<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#data-visualizations" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.1.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Help is available to understand and use data visualizations.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-47"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-47" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="new-interfaces"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-1-5-new-interfaces"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>New interfaces<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#new-interfaces" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.1.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">When interfaces dramatically change (due to redesign), a mechanism to learn the new interface or revert to the older design is available.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-48"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-48" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="personalizable-help"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-1-6-personalizable-help"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Personalizable help<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#personalizable-help" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.1.6"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Help is adaptable and personalizable.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-49"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-49" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="sensory-characteristics"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-1-7-sensory-characteristics"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Sensory characteristics<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#sensory-characteristics" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.1.7"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Instructions and help do not rely on sensory characteristics.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="support-available"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-1-8-support-available"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Support available<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#support-available" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.1.8"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Accessible support is available during data entry, task completion and search.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-50"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-50" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="supplemental-content"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-11-2-supplemental-content"><bdi class="secno">2.11.2 </bdi>Supplemental content</h4><a class="self-link" href="#supplemental-content" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.2"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users have supplemental <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-46">content</a> available.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="number-supplements"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-2-1-number-supplements"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Number supplements<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#number-supplements" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.2.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Text or visual alternatives are available for numerical concepts.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="text-supplements"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-2-2-text-supplements"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Text supplements<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#text-supplements" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.2.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Visual illustrations, pictures, and images are available to help explain complex ideas, events, and processes.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-51"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-51" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="feedback"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-11-3-feedback"><bdi class="secno">2.11.3 </bdi>Feedback</h4><a class="self-link" href="#feedback" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.3"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can provide feedback to authors.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="feedback-mechanism"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-11-3-1-feedback-mechanism"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Feedback mechanism<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#feedback-mechanism" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.11.3.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">A mechanism is available to provide feedback to authors.</p> </section> </section> </section> <section id="user-control"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x2-12-user-control"><bdi class="secno">2.12 </bdi>User control</h3><a class="self-link" href="#user-control" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12"></a></div> <section class="guideline" id="control-text"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-12-1-control-text"><bdi class="secno">2.12.1 </bdi>Control text</h4><a class="self-link" href="#control-text" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.1"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can control text presentation.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="adjust-color"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-1-1-adjust-color"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Adjust color<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#adjust-color" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.1.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Text and background colors can be customized.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="adjust-background"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-1-2-adjust-background"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Adjust background<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#adjust-background" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.1.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Patterns, designs or images placed behind text are avoided or can be removed by the user.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="font-size-meaning"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-1-3-font-size-meaning"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Font size meaning<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#font-size-meaning" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.1.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">When font size conveys visual meaning (such as headings), the text maintains its meaning and purpose when text is resized.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="text-customization"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-1-4-text-customization"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Text customization<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#text-customization" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.1.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Users can change the text style (like font and size) and the layout (such as spacing and single column) to fit their needs.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="adjustable-viewport"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-12-2-adjustable-viewport"><bdi class="secno">2.12.2 </bdi>Adjustable viewport</h4><a class="self-link" href="#adjustable-viewport" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.2"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can transform size and orientation of content presentation to make it viewable and usable.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="orientation-0"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-2-1-orientation"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Orientation<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#orientation-0" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.2.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Content orientation allows the user to read the language presented without changing head or body position.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="reflow"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-2-2-reflow"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Reflow<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#reflow" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.2.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"><a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-47">Content</a> can be viewed in multiple viewport sizes, orientations, and zoom levels -- without loss of content, functionality, meaningful relationships, and with scrolling only occurring in one direction.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="transform-content"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-12-3-transform-content"><bdi class="secno">2.12.3 </bdi>Transform content</h4><a class="self-link" href="#transform-content" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.3"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can transform <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-48">content</a> to make it understandable.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="alternative-presentation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-3-1-alternative-presentation"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Alternative presentation<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#alternative-presentation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.3.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Complex information or instructions for complex processes are available in multiple presentation formats. </p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-52"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-52" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="content-markup"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-3-2-content-markup"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Content markup<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#content-markup" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.3.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Role and priority of <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-49">content</a> is <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-20">programmatically determinable</a>.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="summary"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-3-3-summary"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Summary<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#summary" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.3.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Access to a plain-language summary, abstract, or executive summaries is available.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="transform-content-0"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-3-4-transform-content"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Transform content<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#transform-content-0" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.3.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"><a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-50">Content</a> can be transformed to make its purpose clearer.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-53"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-53" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="media-control"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-12-4-media-control"><bdi class="secno">2.12.4 </bdi>Media control</h4><a class="self-link" href="#media-control" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.4"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can control media and media alternative.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="adjust-captions"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-4-1-adjust-captions"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Adjust captions<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#adjust-captions" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.4.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The position and formatting of captions can be changed.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="audio-control"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-4-2-audio-control"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Audio control<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#audio-control" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.4.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Audio can be turned off, while still playing the video, and without affecting the system sound.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="interactive-audio-alternative"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-4-3-interactive-audio-alternative"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Interactive audio alternative<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#interactive-audio-alternative" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.4.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Alternatives for audio include the ability to search and look up terms.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-54"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-54" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="media-alternative-control"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-4-4-media-alternative-control"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Media alternative control<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#media-alternative-control" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.4.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Captions and audio descriptions can be turned on and off.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="media-chapters"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-4-5-media-chapters"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Media chapters<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#media-chapters" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.4.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Media can be navigated by chapters.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-55"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-55" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="control-interruptions"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-12-5-control-interruptions"><bdi class="secno">2.12.5 </bdi>Control interruptions</h4><a class="self-link" href="#control-interruptions" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.5"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can control interruptions.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="control-notifications"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-5-1-control-notifications"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Control notifications<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#control-notifications" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.5.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">The timing and positioning of notifications and other interruptions can be changed, suppressed or saved, except interruptions involving an emergency.</p> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="control-possible-harm"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-12-6-control-possible-harm"><bdi class="secno">2.12.6 </bdi>Control possible harm</h4><a class="self-link" href="#control-possible-harm" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.6"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can control potential sources of harm.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="disturbing-content"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-6-1-disturbing-content"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Disturbing content<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#disturbing-content" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.6.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Warnings are available about <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-51">content</a> that may be emotionally disturbing, and the disturbing content can be hidden.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-56"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-56" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="haptic-stimulation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-6-2-haptic-stimulation"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Haptic stimulation<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#haptic-stimulation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.6.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Haptic feedback can be reduced or turned off.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-57"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-57" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="triggers"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-6-3-triggers"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Triggers<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#triggers" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.6.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Warnings are available about triggering <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-52">content</a>, and the warnings and triggering content can be hidden.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-58"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-58" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="verbosity"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-6-4-verbosity"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Verbosity<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#verbosity" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.6.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Overwhelming wordiness can be reduced or turned off. </p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-59"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-59" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="visual-stimulation"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-6-5-visual-stimulation"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Visual stimulation<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#visual-stimulation" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.6.5"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Visual stimulation from combinations of density, color, movement, etc. can be reduced or turned off. </p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-60"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-60" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> </section> <section class="guideline" id="user-agent-support"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x2-12-7-user-agent-support"><bdi class="secno">2.12.7 </bdi>User agent support</h4><a class="self-link" href="#user-agent-support" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.7"></a></div> <p class="guideline-text">Users can control <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-53">content</a> settings from their User Agents including Assistive Technology.</p> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="assistive-technology-control"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-7-1-assistive-technology-control"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Assistive technology control<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#assistive-technology-control" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.7.1"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text"><a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-54">Content</a> can be controlled using assistive and adaptive technology.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="printing"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-7-2-printing"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Printing<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#printing" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.7.2"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Printing respects user's <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-55">content</a> presentation preferences.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-61"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-61" aria-level="6"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">Needs <a href="#additional_research">additional research</a></p></div> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="user-settings"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-7-3-user-settings"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>User settings<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#user-settings" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.7.3"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">User settings are honored.</p> </section> <section class="requirement" data-status="exploratory" id="virtual-cursor"><div class="header-wrapper"><h5 id="x2-12-7-4-virtual-cursor"><span class="requirement-type">Requirement: </span>Virtual cursor<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h5><a class="self-link" href="#virtual-cursor" aria-label="Permalink for Section 2.12.7.4"></a></div> <p class="requirement-text">Assistive technologies can access <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-56">content</a> and interactions when using mechanisms that convey alternative <a href="#dfn-point-of-regard" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-point-of-regard-1">points of regard</a> or focus (i.e. virtual cursor).</p> </section> </section> </section> </section> <section id="conformance" data-status="exploratory"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="x3-conformance"><bdi class="secno">3. </bdi>Conformance<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h2><a class="self-link" href="#conformance" aria-label="Permalink for Section 3."></a></div><p class="normative-statement"><em>This section (with its subsections) provides requirements which must be followed to <a>conform</a> to the specification, meaning it is <a href="#dfn-normative" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn">normative</a>.</em></p><p>As well as sections marked as non-normative, all authoring guidelines, diagrams, examples, and notes in this specification are non-normative. Everything else in this specification is normative.</p><p> The key words <em class="rfc2119">MAY</em> and <em class="rfc2119">MUST</em> in this document are to be interpreted as described in <a href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/bcp14">BCP 14</a> [<cite><a class="bibref" data-link-type="biblio" href="#bib-rfc2119" title="Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels">RFC2119</a></cite>] [<cite><a class="bibref" data-link-type="biblio" href="#bib-rfc8174" title="Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words">RFC8174</a></cite>] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here. </p> <section id="conformance-0"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="x3-1-conformance"><bdi class="secno">3.1 </bdi>Conformance</h3><a class="self-link" href="#conformance-0" aria-label="Permalink for Section 3.1"></a></div> <details class="summary"> <summary>Plain language summary of <q>Conformance</q></summary> <p>You might want to make a claim that your <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-57">content</a> or <a href="#dfn-product" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-product-5">product</a> meets the WCAG 3.0 guidelines. If it does meet the guidelines, we call this “conformance”.</p> <p>If you want to make a formal conformance claim, you must use the process described in this document. Conformance claims are not required and your content can conform to WCAG 3.0, even if you don’t want to make a claim.</p> <p>There are two types of content in this document:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Normative:</strong> what you must do to meet the guidelines.</li> <li><strong>Informative:</strong> advice to help you meet the guidelines. This is also called <a href="#dfn-informative" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-informative-1">non-normative</a>.</li> </ul> <p>We are experimenting with different conformance approaches for WCAG 3.0. Once we have developed enough guidelines, we will test how well each works.</p> <p class="summaryEnd">End of summary for <q>Conformance</q></p></details> <p>WCAG 3.0 will use a different conformance model than WCAG 2.2 in order to meet its requirements. Developing and vetting the conformance model is a large portion of the work AG needs to complete over the next few years.</p> <p>AG is exploring a model based on Foundational Requirements, Supplemental Requirements, and Assertions.</p> <p>The most basic level of conformance will require meeting all of the Foundational Requirements. This set will be somewhat comparable to WCAG 2.2 Level AA.</p> <p>Higher levels of conformance will be defined and met using Supplemental Requirements and Assertions. AG will be exploring whether meeting the higher levels would work best based on points, percentages, or predefined sets of requirements (modules).</p> <p>Other conformance concepts AG continues to explore the following include conformance levels, issue severity, adjectival ratings and pre-assessment checks.</p> See <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/wcag-3.0-explainer/">Explainer for <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 3.0</a> for more information. <section id="accessibility-supported"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x3-1-1-only-accessibility-supported-ways-of-using-technologies"><bdi class="secno">3.1.1 </bdi>Only accessibility-supported ways of using technologies</h4><a class="self-link" href="#accessibility-supported" aria-label="Permalink for Section 3.1.1"></a></div> <p>The concept of "accessibility-supported" is to account for the variety of user-agents and scenarios. How does an author know that a particular technique for meeting a guideline will work in practice with user-agents that are used by real people?</p> <p>The intent is for the responsibility of testing with user-agents to vary depending on the level of conformance.</p> <p>At the foundational level of conformance assumptions can be made by authors that methods and techniques provided by WCAG 3.0 work. At higher levels of conformance the author may need to test that a technique works, or check that available user-agents meet the requirement, or a combination of both.</p> <p>This approach means the Working Group will ensure that methods and techniques included do have reasonably wide and international support from user-agents, and there are sufficient techniques to meet each requirement.</p> <p>The intent is that WCAG 3.0 will use a content-management-system to support tagging of methods/techniques with support information. There should also be a process where interested parties can provide information.</p> <p>An "accessibility support set" is used at higher levels of conformance to define which user-agents and assistive technologies you test with. It would be included in a conformance claim, and enables authors to use techniques that are not provided with WCAG 3.0.</p> <p>An exception for long-present bugs in assistive technology is still under discussion.</p> </section> <section data-status="exploratory" id="defining-conformance-scope"><div class="header-wrapper"><h4 id="x3-1-2-defining-conformance-scope"><bdi class="secno">3.1.2 </bdi>Defining conformance scope<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h4><a class="self-link" href="#defining-conformance-scope" aria-label="Permalink for Section 3.1.2"></a></div> <p>When evaluating the accessibility of <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-58">content</a>, WCAG 3.0 requires the guidelines apply to a specific scope. While the scope can be an all content within a digital <a href="#dfn-product" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-product-6">product</a>, it is usually one or more sub-sets of the whole. Reasons for this include:</p> <ul> <li>Large amounts of content are impractical to evaluate comprehensively using anything beyond <a href="#dfn-automated-evaluation" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-automated-evaluation-1">automated evaluation</a> of items;</li> <li>In many cases, content changes frequently, causing evaluation to be accurate only for a specific moment in time;</li> <li>Some content is more important to the majority of users than other content; and</li> <li>Content that mostly meets the requirements but has problems can interfere with the user’s ability to complete a process.</li> </ul> <p>WCAG 3.0 therefore defines two ways to scope content: <a href="#dfn-view" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-view-4">views</a> and <a href="#dfn-process" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-process-2">processes</a>. Evaluation is done on one or more complete views or processes, and conformance is determined on the basis of one or more complete views or processes. </p> <p>Conformance is defined only for <a href="#dfn-process" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-process-3">processes</a> and <a href="#dfn-view" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-view-5">views</a>. However, a conformance claim may be made to cover one <a href="#dfn-process" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-process-4">process</a> and <a href="#dfn-view" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-view-6">view</a>, a series of processes and views, or multiple related processes and views. All unique steps in a process <em class="rfc2119">MUST</em> be represented in the set of views. Views outside of the process <em class="rfc2119">MAY</em> also be included in the scope.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-62"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-62" aria-level="4"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">We recognize that representative sampling is an important strategy that large and complex sites use to assess accessibility. While it is not addressed within this document at this time, our intent is to later address it within this document or in a separate document before the guidelines reach the Candidate Recommendation stage. We welcome your suggestions and feedback about the best way to incorporate representative sampling in WCAG 3.0.</p></div> </section> </section></section> <section data-status="exploratory" id="glossary"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="x4-glossary"><bdi class="secno">4. </bdi>Glossary<span class="status-marker">Exploratory</span></h2><a class="self-link" href="#glossary" aria-label="Permalink for Section 4."></a></div><p class="normative-statement"><em>This section (with its subsections) provides requirements which must be followed to <a>conform</a> to the specification, meaning it is <a href="#dfn-normative" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn">normative</a>.</em></p> <div class="note" role="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-63"><div role="heading" class="note-title marker" id="h-note" aria-level="3"><span>Note</span></div><p class="">Many of the terms defined here have common meanings. When terms appear with a link to the definition, the meaning is as formally defined here. When terms appear without a link to the definition, their meaning is not explicitly related to the formal definition here. These definitions are in progress and may evolve as the document evolves. </p></div> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-64"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-63" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">This glossary includes terms used by content that has reached a maturity level of Developing or higher. The definitions themselves include a maturity level and may mature at a different pace than the content that refers to them. The AGWG will work with other taskforces and groups to harmonize terminology across documents as much as is possible. </p></div> <dl> <dt><dfn data-lt="Ambiguous numbers" id="dfn-ambiguous-numbers" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Ambiguous numbers</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-65"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-64" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Accessibility support set|Accessibility support set" id="dfn-accessibility-support-set" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Accessibility support set<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd><p>The group of user-agents and assistive technologies you test with.</p> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-66"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-65" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>The AG is considering defining a default set of user agents and assistive technologies that they use when validating guidelines. Accessibility support sets may vary based on language, region, or situation. If you are not using the default accessibility set, the conformance report should indicate what set is being used. </p> </div></div> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Assertion|Assertions" data-plurals="assertions" id="dfn-assertion" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Assertion<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd><p>A formal claim of fact, attributed to a person or organization. An attributable and documented statement of fact regarding procedures practiced in the development and maintenance of the <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-59">content</a> or <a href="#dfn-product" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-product-7">product</a> to improve accessibility.</p></dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Automated evaluation|Automated|Automatically evaluated|Automated testing|Automatically tested" id="dfn-automated-evaluation" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Automated evaluation</dfn></dt> <dd><p>Evaluation conducted using software tools, typically evaluating code-level features and applying heuristics for other tests.</p> <p>Automated testing is contrasted with other types of testing that involve human judgement or experience. <a data-link-type="dfn|abstract-op" href="#dfn-semi-automated-evaluation" class="internalDFN" id="ref-for-dfn-semi-automated-evaluation-1">Semi-automated evaluation</a> allows machines to guide humans to areas that need inspection. The emerging field of testing conducted via machine learning is not included in this definition.</p></dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Conformance|Conform" id="dfn-conformance" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Conformance<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd><p>Satisfying all the requirements of the guidelines. Conformance is an important part of following the guidelines even when not making a formal Conformance Claim.</p> <p>See <a href="#conformance">Conformance</a>.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Content" id="dfn-content" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Content</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-67"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-66" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Contrast ratio test" id="dfn-contrast-ratio-test" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Contrast ratio test</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-68"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-67" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Decorative image" id="dfn-decorative-image" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Decorative image</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-69"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-68" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Deprecate|deprecated" id="dfn-deprecate" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Deprecate<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p>To declare something outdated and in the process of being phased out, usually in favor of a specified replacement.</p> <p>Deprecated documents are no longer recommended for use and may cease to exist in the future.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Element" id="dfn-element" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Element</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-70"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-69" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Evaluation" id="dfn-evaluation" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Evaluation</dfn></dt> <dd> <p>The process of examining <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-60">content</a> for <a href="#dfn-conformance" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-conformance-2">conformance</a> to these guidelines.</p> <p>Different approaches to evaluation include automated <a href="#dfn-evaluation" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-evaluation-1">evaluation</a>, <a href="#dfn-semi-automated-evaluation" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-semi-automated-evaluation-2">semi-automated evaluation</a>, <a href="#dfn-human-evaluation" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-human-evaluation-1">human evaluation</a>, and <a href="#dfn-user-testing" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-user-testing-1">user testing</a>.</p> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Functional need|Functional needs" data-plurals="functional needs" id="dfn-functional-need" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Functional need<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p>A statement that describes a specific gap in one’s ability, or a specific mismatch between ability and the designed environment or context.</p> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Guideline|Guidelines" id="dfn-guideline" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Guideline<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p>High-level, plain-language outcome statements used to organize <a href="#dfn-requirement" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-requirement-3">requirements</a>.</p> <p>Guidelines provide a high-level, plain-language outcome statements for managers, policy makers, individuals who are new to accessibility, and other individuals who need to understand the concepts but not dive into the technical details. They provide an easy-to-understand way of organizing and presenting the requirements so that non-experts can learn about and understand the concepts. Each guideline includes a unique, descriptive name along with a high-level plain-language summary. Guidelines address functional needs on specific topics, such as contrast, forms, readability, and more. Guidelines group related requirements and are technology-independent.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Human evaluation|Human testing|Human evaluated|Human tested|Manual|Manual evaluation|Manual testing|Manually tested" id="dfn-human-evaluation" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Human evaluation</dfn></dt> <dd> <p>Evaluation conducted by a human, typically to apply human judgement to tests that cannot be fully <a href="#dfn-automated-evaluation" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-automated-evaluation-2">automatically evaluated</a>.</p> <p>Human evaluation is contrasted with <a href="#dfn-automated-evaluation" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-automated-evaluation-3">automated evaluation</a> which is done entirely by machine, though it includes <a href="#dfn-semi-automated-evaluation" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-semi-automated-evaluation-3">semi-automated evaluation</a> which allows machines to guide humans to areas that need inspection. Human evaluation involves inspection of content features, by contrast with <a href="#dfn-user-testing" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-user-testing-2">user testing</a> which directly tests the experience of users with <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-61">content</a>.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Image" id="dfn-image" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Image</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-71"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-70" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Image role|role" id="dfn-image-role" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Image role</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-72"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-71" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Image type" id="dfn-image-type" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Image type</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-73"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-72" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Informative|Non-normative" id="dfn-informative" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Informative<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p><a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-62">Content</a> provided for information purposes and not required for <a href="#dfn-conformance" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-conformance-3">conformance</a>. Also refered to as non-normative.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Interactive component" id="dfn-interactive-component" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Interactive component</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-74"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-73" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Items" id="dfn-items" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Items<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p>The smallest testable unit for testing scope. They could be interactive components such as a drop down menu, a link, or a media player. They could also be units of <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-63">content</a> such as a phrase, a paragraph, a label or error message, an icon, or an <a href="#dfn-image" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-image-10">image</a>.</p> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Method|Methods" data-plurals="methods" id="dfn-method" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Method<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p>Detailed information, either technology-specific or technology-agnostic, on ways to meet the <a href="#dfn-requirement" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-requirement-4">requirement</a> as well as <a href="#dfn-test" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-test-1">tests</a> and scoring information.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Non-literal text" id="dfn-non-literal-text" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Non-literal text</dfn></dt> <dd> <p>Non-literal text uses words or phrases in a way that goes beyond their standard or dictionary meaning to express deeper, more complex ideas. This is also called figurative language. To understand it, users have to interpret the implied meaning behind the words, rather than just their literal or direct meaning.</p> <p>Examples: Allusions, hyperbole, idioms, irony, jokes, litotes, metaphors, metonymies, onomatopoeias, oxymorons, personification, puns, sarcasm, and similes. More detailed examples are available in the <a href="#dfn-method" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-method-3">Methods</a> section.</p> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Normative" id="dfn-normative" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Normative<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p><a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-64">Content</a> whose instructions are required for <a href="#dfn-conformance" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-conformance-4">conformance</a>.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Pointer" id="dfn-pointer" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Pointer</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-75"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-74" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Point of regard|point of regard|points of regard" id="dfn-point-of-regard" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Point of regard</dfn></dt> <dd><p> The position in rendered <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-65">content</a> that the user is presumed to be viewing. The dimensions of the point of regard can vary. For example, it can be a two-dimensional area (e.g. content rendered through a two-dimensional graphical viewport), or a point (e.g. a moment during an audio rendering or a cursor position in a graphical rendering), or a range of text (e.g. focused text), or a two-dimensional area (e.g. content rendered through a two-dimensional graphical viewport). The point of regard is almost always within the viewport, but it can exceed the spatial or temporal dimensions of the viewport (see the definition of rendered content for more information about viewport dimensions). The point of regard can also refer to a particular moment in time for content that changes over time (e.g. an audio-only presentation). User agents can determine the point of regard in a number of ways, including based on viewport position in content, keyboard focus, and selection. </p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Process|Processes" data-plurals="processes" id="dfn-process" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Process</dfn></dt> <dd> <p>A sequence of steps that need to be completed to accomplish an activity / task from end-to-end.</p> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Product" id="dfn-product" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Product<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p>Testing scope that is a combination of all <a href="#dfn-items" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-items-3">items</a>, <a href="#dfn-view" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-view-7">views</a>, and <a href="#dfn-task-flow" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-task-flow-1">task flows</a> that comprise the web site, set of web pages, web app, etc.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Programmatically determinable|Programmatically|Programmatically indicated|Programmatically detectable|Programmatically associated" id="dfn-programmatically-determinable" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Programmatically determinable</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-76"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-75" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Requirement|Requirements" data-plurals="requirements" id="dfn-requirement" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Requirement</dfn></dt> <dd> <p>Result of practices that reduce or eliminate barriers that people with disabilities experience.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Semi-automated evaluation" id="dfn-semi-automated-evaluation" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Semi-automated evaluation</dfn></dt> <dd> <p>Evaluation conducted using machines to guide humans to areas that need inspection.</p> <p>Semi-automated evaluation involves components of <a href="#dfn-automated-evaluation" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-automated-evaluation-4">automated evaluation</a> and <a href="#dfn-human-evaluation" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-human-evaluation-2">human evaluation</a>.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Single pointer input" id="dfn-single-pointer-input" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Single pointer input</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-77"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-76" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Task flow" data-plurals="task flows" id="dfn-task-flow" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Task flow<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p>Testing scope that includes a series views that support a specified user activity. A task flow may include a subset of <a href="#dfn-items" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-items-4">items</a> in a <a href="#dfn-view" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-view-8">view</a> or a group of views. Only the part of the views that support the user activity are included in a test of the task flow.</p> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="Test" data-plurals="tests" id="dfn-test" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Test<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p>Mechanism to evaluate implementation of a <a href="#dfn-method" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-method-4">method</a>.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="Text" id="dfn-text" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">Text</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-78"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-77" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="User agent" data-plurals="user agents" id="dfn-user-agent" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">User agent</dfn></dt> <dd> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-79"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-78" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><div class=""> <p>To be defined.</p> </div></div> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="User need|User needs" data-plurals="user needs" id="dfn-user-need" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">User need</dfn></dt> <dd> <p>The end goal a user has when starting a process through digital means.</p> </dd> <dt><dfn data-lt="User testing" id="dfn-user-testing" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">User testing</dfn></dt> <dd> <p>Evaluation of <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-66">content</a> by observation of how users with specific <a href="#dfn-functional-need" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-functional-need-2">functional needs</a> are able to complete a <a href="#dfn-process" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-process-5">process</a> and how the content meets the relevant <a href="#dfn-requirement" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-requirement-5">requirements</a>.</p> </dd> <dt data-status="developing"><dfn data-lt="View" data-plurals="views" id="dfn-view" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="dialog" data-dfn-type="dfn">View<span class="status-marker">Developing</span></dfn></dt> <dd> <p>Testing scope that includes all <a href="#dfn-content" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-content-67">content</a> visually and <a href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" class="internalDFN" data-link-type="dfn" id="ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-21">programmatically</a> available without a significant change. Conceptually, views correspond to the definition of a web page as used in WCAG 2, but are not restricted to content meeting that definition. For example, a view could be considered a “screen” in a mobile app or a layer of web content, such as a modal dialog.</p> </dd> </dl> </section> <section class="appendix" id="privacy-considerations"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="a-privacy-considerations"><bdi class="secno">A. </bdi>Privacy Considerations</h2><a class="self-link" href="#privacy-considerations" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix A."></a></div> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-80"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-79" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">The content of this document has not matured enough to identify privacy considerations. Reviewers of this draft should consider whether requirements of the conformance model could impact privacy.</p></div> </section> <section class="appendix" id="security-considerations"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="b-security-considerations"><bdi class="secno">B. </bdi>Security Considerations</h2><a class="self-link" href="#security-considerations" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix B."></a></div> <div class="note" id="issue-container-generatedID-81"><div role="heading" class="ednote-title marker" id="h-ednote-80" aria-level="3"><span>Editor's note</span></div><p class="">The content of this document has not matured enough to identify security considerations. Reviewers of this draft should consider whether requirements of the conformance model could impact security.</p></div> </section> <section class="appendix" id="change-log"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="c-change-log"><bdi class="secno">C. </bdi>Change log</h2><a class="self-link" href="#change-log" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix C."></a></div> <p>This section shows substantive changes made in WCAG 3.0 since the First Public Working Draft was published in 21 January 2021 . </p><p>The full <a href="https://github.com/w3c/wcag3/commits/main/guidelines">commit history to WCAG 3.0</a> and <a href="https://github.com/w3c/silver/commits/main/guidelines">commit history to Silver</a> is available. </p> <ul> <li>2021-06-08: Moved explantory information to <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/wcag-3.0-explainer/">Explainer for <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium">W3C</abbr> Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 3.0</a> </li> <li>2021-12-07: Add Project Manager </li> <li>2023-07-24: Changed approach to WCAG 3.0 based feedback and removed old material that was not consistent with the new appraoch. Added WCAG 3.0 Guideline placeholders to indicate maturity level. </li> <li>2024-03-15: Updated placeholder guidelines with exploratory guidelines. </li> <li>2024-12-12: Reorganized exploratory guidelines; added 3 developing guidelines and accessibility supported; added user agent support, updated conformance section, and moved explanatory content to the <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/wcag-3.0-explainer/">Explainer for WCAG 3.0</a> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="appendix" id="acknowledgements"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="d-acknowledgements"><bdi class="secno">D. </bdi>Acknowledgements</h2><a class="self-link" href="#acknowledgements" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix D."></a></div> <p>Additional information about participation in the Accessibility Guidelines Working Group (AG WG) can be found on the <a href="https://www.w3.org/groups/wg/ag/">Working Group home page</a>.</p> <section id="contributors-to-the-development-of-this-document"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="d-1-contributors-to-the-development-of-this-document"><bdi class="secno">D.1 </bdi>Contributors to the development of this document</h3><a class="self-link" href="#contributors-to-the-development-of-this-document" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix D.1"></a></div> <ul> <li>Alastair Campbell (Nomensa)</li> <li>Alina Vayntrub (Understood)</li> <li>Ashley Firth (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Avon Kuo</li> <li>Azlan Cuttilan (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Ben Tillyer (University of Oxford)</li> <li>Bruce Bailey (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Charles Nevile (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Chris Loiselle (Oracle Corporation)</li> <li>Chuck Adams (Oracle Corporation)</li> <li>Daniel Bjorge (Deque Systems, Inc.)</li> <li>Detlev Fischer (Invited Expert)</li> <li>DJ Chase (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Filippo Zorzi (UsableNet)</li> <li>Francis Storr (Intel Corporation)</li> <li>Frankie Wolf (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Gez Lemon (TetraLogical Services Ltd)</li> <li>Giacomo Petri (UsableNet)</li> <li>Glenda Sims (Deque Systems, Inc.)</li> <li>Graham Ritchie (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Gregg Vanderheiden (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Gundula Niemann (SAP SE)</li> <li>Hidde de Vries (Logius)</li> <li>JaEun Jemma Ku (University of Illinois)</li> <li>Jake Abma (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Jan Jaap de Groot (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Jan McSorley (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Janina Sajka (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Jaunita George (Navy Federal Credit Union)</li> <li>Jeanne Spellman (TetraLogical Services Ltd)</li> <li>Jennifer Delisi (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Jennifer Strickland (MITRE Corporation)</li> <li>John Kirkwood (Invited Expert)</li> <li>John Rochford (Invited Expert)</li> <li>John Toles (Rhonda Weiss Center for Accessible IDEA Data)</li> <li>Jon Avila (Level Access)</li> <li>Julie Rawe (Understood)</li> <li>Kimberly McGee (SAP SE)</li> <li>Laura Carlson (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Len Beasley (CVS Pharmacy, Inc.)</li> <li>Léonie Watson (TetraLogical Services Ltd)</li> <li>Lisa Seeman-Kestenbaum (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Lori Oakley (Oracle Corporation)</li> <li>Makoto Ueki (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Mary Ann Jawili (Adobe)</li> <li>Mary Jo Mueller (IBM Corporation)</li> <li>Matt Garrish (DAISY Consortium)</li> <li>Melanie Philipp (Deque Systems, Inc.)</li> <li>Mike Beganyi (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Mike Gower (IBM Corporation)</li> <li>Nina Krauß (SAP SE)</li> <li>Patrick H. Lauke (TetraLogical Services Ltd)</li> <li>Poornima Badhan Subramanian (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Rachael Bradley Montgomery (Library of Congress)</li> <li>Rain Breaw Michaels (Google LLC)</li> <li>Roberto Scano (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Sarah Horton (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Scott O'Hara (Microsoft Corporation)</li> <li>Shadi Abou-Zahra (Amazon)</li> <li>Shawn Thompson (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Sheri Byrne-Haber (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Steve Faulkner (TetraLogical Services Ltd)</li> <li>Tananda Darling (SAP SE)</li> <li>Theo Hale (Microsoft Corporation)</li> <li>Tiffany Burtin (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Todd Libby (Invited Expert)</li> <li>Wendy Reid (Rakuten Group, Inc.)</li> <li>Wilco Fiers (Deque Systems, Inc.)</li> </ul> </section> <section id="previous-contributors-to-the-development-of-this-document"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="d-2-previous-contributors-to-the-development-of-this-document"><bdi class="secno">D.2 </bdi>Previous contributors to the development of this document</h3><a class="self-link" href="#previous-contributors-to-the-development-of-this-document" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix D.2"></a></div> <p>Abi James, Abi Roper, Alastair Campbell, Alice Boxhall, Alistair Garrison, Amani Ali, Andrew Kirkpatrick, Andrew Somers, Andy Heath, Angela Hooker, Aparna Pasi, Avneesh Singh, Azlan Cuttilan, Ben Tillyer, Betsy Furler, Brooks Newton, Bruce Bailey, Bryan Trogdon, Caryn Pagel, Charles Hall, Charles Nevile, Chris Loiselle, Chris McMeeking, Christian Perera, Christy Owens, Chuck Adams, Cybele Sack, Daniel Bjorge, Daniel Henderson-Ede, Darryl Lehmann, David Fazio, David MacDonald, David Sloan, David Swallow, Dean Hamack, Detlev Fischer, DJ Chase, E.A. Draffan, Eleanor Loiacono, Francis Storr, Frederick Boland, Garenne Bigby, Gez Lemon, Giacomo Petri, Glenda Sims, Greg Lowney, Gregg Vanderheiden, Gundula Niemann, Imelda Llanos, Jaeil Song, JaEun Jemma Ku, Jake Abma, Jan McSorley, Janina Sajka, Jaunita George, Jeanne Spellman, Jeff Kline, Jennifer Chadwick, Jennifer Delisi, Jennifer Strickland, Jennison Asuncion, Jill Power, Jim Allan, Joe Cronin, John Foliot, John Kirkwood, John McNabb, John Northup, John Rochford, Jon Avila, Joshue O'Connor, Judy Brewer, Julie Rawe, Justine Pascalides, Karen Schriver, Katharina Herzog, Kathleen Wahlbin, Katie Haritos-Shea, Katy Brickley, Kelsey Collister, Kim Dirks, Kimberly Patch, Laura Carlson, Laura Miller, Léonie Watson, Lisa Seeman-Kestenbaum, Lori Samuels, Lucy Greco, Luis Garcia, Lyn Muldrow, Makoto Ueki, Marc Johlic, Marie Bergeron, Mark Tanner, Mary Jo Mueller, Matt Garrish, Matthew King, Melanie Philipp, Melina Maria Möhnle, Michael Cooper, Michael Crabb, Michael Elledge, Michael Weiss, Michellanne Li, Michelle Lana, Mike Crabb, Mike Gower, Nicaise Dogbo, Nicholas Trefonides, Omar Bonilla, Patrick Lauke, Paul Adam, Peter Korn, Peter McNally, Pietro Cirrincione, Poornima Badhan Subramanian, Rachael Bradley Montgomery, Rain Breaw Michaels, Ralph de Rooij, Rebecca Monteleone, Rick Boardman, Ruoxi Ran, Ruth Spina, Ryan Hemphill, Sarah Horton, Sarah Pulis, Scott Hollier, Scott O'Hara, Shadi Abou-Zahra, Shannon Urban, Shari Butler, Shawn Henry, Shawn Lauriat, Shawn Thompson, Sheri Byrne-Haber, Shrirang Sahasrabudhe, Shwetank Dixit, Stacey Lumley, Stein Erik Skotkjerra, Stephen Repsher, Steve Lee, Sukriti Chadha, Susi Pallero, Suzanne Taylor, sweta wakodkar, Takayuki Watanabe, Thomas Logan, Thomas Westin, Tiffany Burtin, Tim Boland, Todd Libby, Todd Marquis Boutin, Victoria Clark, Wayne Dick, Wendy Chisholm, Wendy Reid, Wilco Fiers. </p> </section> <section id="research-partners"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="d-3-research-partners"><bdi class="secno">D.3 </bdi>Research Partners</h3><a class="self-link" href="#research-partners" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix D.3"></a></div> <p>These researchers selected a Silver research question, did the research, and graciously allowed us to use the results.</p> <ul> <li>David Sloan and Sarah Horton, The Paciello Group, <q>WCAG Success Criteria Usability Study</q></li> <li>Scott Hollier et al, Curtin University, <q>Internet of Things (IoT) Education: Implications for Students with Disabilities</q></li> <li>Peter McNally, Bentley University, <q>WCAG Use by UX Professionals</q></li> <li>Dr. Michael Crabb, University of Dundee, Student research papers on Silver topics</li> <li>Eleanor Loiacono, Worcester Polytechnic Institute <q>Web Accessibility Perceptions</q> (Student project from Worcester Polytechnic Institute)</li> </ul> </section> <section id="enabling-funders"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="d-4-enabling-funders"><bdi class="secno">D.4 </bdi>Enabling funders</h3><a class="self-link" href="#enabling-funders" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix D.4"></a></div> <p>This publication has been funded in part with U.S. Federal funds from the Health and Human Services, National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR), initially under contract number ED-OSE-10-C-0067, then under contract number HHSP23301500054C, and now under HHS75P00120P00168. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services or the U.S. Department of Education, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.</p> </section> </section> <section id="references" class="appendix"><div class="header-wrapper"><h2 id="e-references"><bdi class="secno">E. </bdi>References</h2><a class="self-link" href="#references" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix E."></a></div><section id="normative-references"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="e-1-normative-references"><bdi class="secno">E.1 </bdi>Normative references</h3><a class="self-link" href="#normative-references" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix E.1"></a></div> <dl class="bibliography"><dt id="bib-rfc2119">[RFC2119]</dt><dd> <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119"><cite>Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels</cite></a>. S. Bradner. IETF. March 1997. Best Current Practice. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119</a> </dd><dt id="bib-rfc8174">[RFC8174]</dt><dd> <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174"><cite>Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC 2119 Key Words</cite></a>. B. Leiba. IETF. May 2017. Best Current Practice. URL: <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174">https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8174</a> </dd></dl> </section><section id="informative-references"><div class="header-wrapper"><h3 id="e-2-informative-references"><bdi class="secno">E.2 </bdi>Informative references</h3><a class="self-link" href="#informative-references" aria-label="Permalink for Appendix E.2"></a></div> <dl class="bibliography"><dt id="bib-atag20">[ATAG20]</dt><dd> <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/ATAG20/"><cite>Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines (ATAG) 2.0</cite></a>. Jan Richards; Jeanne F Spellman; Jutta Treviranus. W3C. 24 September 2015. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/ATAG20/">https://www.w3.org/TR/ATAG20/</a> </dd><dt id="bib-uaag20">[UAAG20]</dt><dd> <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/UAAG20/"><cite>User Agent Accessibility Guidelines (UAAG) 2.0</cite></a>. James Allan; Greg Lowney; Kimberly Patch; Jeanne F Spellman. W3C. 15 December 2015. W3C Working Group Note. URL: <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/UAAG20/">https://www.w3.org/TR/UAAG20/</a> </dd><dt id="bib-wcag22">[WCAG22]</dt><dd> <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/"><cite>Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.2</cite></a>. Michael Cooper; Andrew Kirkpatrick; Alastair Campbell; Rachael Bradley Montgomery; Charles Adams. W3C. 5 October 2023. W3C Recommendation. URL: <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/">https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/</a> </dd></dl> </section></section><p role="navigation" id="back-to-top"> <a href="#title"><abbr title="Back to Top">↑</abbr></a> </p><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-ambiguous-numbers" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Ambiguous numbers"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-ambiguous-numbers" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Ambiguous numbers. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-ambiguous-numbers-1" title="§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning">§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-accessibility-support-set" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Accessibility support set"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-accessibility-support-set" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Accessibility support set. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-accessibility-support-set-1" title="§ 2.1.1 Image alternatives">§ 2.1.1 Image alternatives</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-accessibility-support-set-2" title="§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning">§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-assertion" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Assertion"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-assertion" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Assertion. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-assertion-1" title="§ Abstract">§ Abstract</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-automated-evaluation" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Automated evaluation"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-automated-evaluation" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Automated evaluation. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-automated-evaluation-1" title="§ 3.1.2 Defining conformance scope">§ 3.1.2 Defining conformance scope</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-automated-evaluation-2" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-automated-evaluation-3" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-automated-evaluation-4" title="Reference 3">(3)</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-conformance" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Conformance"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-conformance" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Conformance. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-conformance-1" title="§ Abstract">§ Abstract</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-conformance-2" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-conformance-3" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-conformance-4" title="Reference 3">(3)</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-content" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Content"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-content" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Content. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-1" title="§ 2.1.1.2 Equivalent text alternative">§ 2.1.1.2 Equivalent text alternative</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-2" title="§ 2.1.1.6 Editable alternatives">§ 2.1.1.6 Editable alternatives</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-3" title="§ 2.1.2 Media alternatives">§ 2.1.2 Media alternatives</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-4" title="§ 2.1.2.1 Audio descriptions">§ 2.1.2.1 Audio descriptions</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-5" title="§ 2.1.2.2 Captions">§ 2.1.2.2 Captions</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-6" title="§ 2.1.3 Nontext alternatives">§ 2.1.3 Nontext alternatives</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-7" title="§ 2.1.3.1 Nontext content">§ 2.1.3.1 Nontext content</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-8" title="§ 2.1.5 Single sense">§ 2.1.5 Single sense</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-9" title="§ 2.2.2 Text-to-speech">§ 2.2.2 Text-to-speech</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-10" title="§ 2.2.2.1 Text-to-speech supported">§ 2.2.2.1 Text-to-speech supported</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-11" title="§ 2.2.2.2 Human language">§ 2.2.2.2 Human language</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-12" title="§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning">§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-13" title="§ 2.2.4 Simplified written content">§ 2.2.4 Simplified written content</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-14" title="§ 2.2.4.2 Double negatives">§ 2.2.4.2 Double negatives</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-15" title="§ 2.3.3 Navigating content">§ 2.3.3 Navigating content</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-16" title="§ 2.3.3.2 Focus retention">§ 2.3.3.2 Focus retention</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-17" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-18" title="§ 2.3.3.3 Keyboard focus order">§ 2.3.3.3 Keyboard focus order</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-19" title="§ 2.3.3.4 Restore focus">§ 2.3.3.4 Restore focus</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-20" title="§ 2.3.5.5 Distinguishable controls">§ 2.3.5.5 Distinguishable controls</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-21" title="§ 2.4.1.2 Hover information">§ 2.4.1.2 Hover information</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-22" title="§ 2.4.2 Content changes">§ 2.4.2 Content changes</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-23" title="§ 2.4.2.1 Notify about change">§ 2.4.2.1 Notify about change</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-24" title="§ 2.4.2.2 Notify on change">§ 2.4.2.2 Notify on change</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-25" title="§ 2.4.2.3 Inform before activation">§ 2.4.2.3 Inform before activation</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-26" title="§ 2.4.3 Target size">§ 2.4.3 Target size</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-27" title="§ 2.4.5 Gestures">§ 2.4.5 Gestures</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-28" title="§ 2.6.1 Avoid physical harm">§ 2.6.1 Avoid physical harm</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-29" title="§ 2.7.1 Relationships">§ 2.7.1 Relationships</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-30" title="§ 2.7.1.1 Clear relationships">§ 2.7.1.1 Clear relationships</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-31" title="§ 2.7.1.3 Distinguishable relationships">§ 2.7.1.3 Distinguishable relationships</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-32" title="§ 2.7.2.1 Consistent order">§ 2.7.2.1 Consistent order</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-33" title="§ 2.7.3 Orientation">§ 2.7.3 Orientation</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-34" title="§ 2.7.4 Structure">§ 2.7.4 Structure</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-35" title="§ 2.7.4.1 Section labels">§ 2.7.4.1 Section labels</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-36" title="§ 2.7.4.2 Section length">§ 2.7.4.2 Section length</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-37" title="§ 2.7.4.3 Section purpose">§ 2.7.4.3 Section purpose</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-38" title="§ 2.7.4.6 White spacing">§ 2.7.4.6 White spacing</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-39" title="§ 2.7.4.7 Title">§ 2.7.4.7 Title</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-40" title="§ 2.9.2 Adequate time">§ 2.9.2 Adequate time</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-41" title="§ 2.9.3.1 Optional information">§ 2.9.3.1 Optional information</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-42" title="§ 2.10.1 Content source">§ 2.10.1 Content source</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-43" title="§ 2.10.1.1 Citation">§ 2.10.1.1 Citation</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-44" title="§ 2.10.1.2 Indicate 3rd party content">§ 2.10.1.2 Indicate 3rd party content</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-45" title="§ 2.10.1.3 Obscuring primary content">§ 2.10.1.3 Obscuring primary content</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-46" title="§ 2.11.2 Supplemental content">§ 2.11.2 Supplemental content</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-47" title="§ 2.12.2.2 Reflow">§ 2.12.2.2 Reflow</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-48" title="§ 2.12.3 Transform content">§ 2.12.3 Transform content</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-49" title="§ 2.12.3.2 Content markup">§ 2.12.3.2 Content markup</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-50" title="§ 2.12.3.4 Transform content">§ 2.12.3.4 Transform content</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-51" title="§ 2.12.6.1 Disturbing content">§ 2.12.6.1 Disturbing content</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-52" title="§ 2.12.6.3 Triggers">§ 2.12.6.3 Triggers</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-53" title="§ 2.12.7 User agent support">§ 2.12.7 User agent support</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-54" title="§ 2.12.7.1 Assistive technology control">§ 2.12.7.1 Assistive technology control</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-55" title="§ 2.12.7.2 Printing">§ 2.12.7.2 Printing</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-56" title="§ 2.12.7.4 Virtual cursor">§ 2.12.7.4 Virtual cursor</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-57" title="§ 3.1 Conformance">§ 3.1 Conformance</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-58" title="§ 3.1.2 Defining conformance scope">§ 3.1.2 Defining conformance scope</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-59" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-60" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-61" title="Reference 3">(3)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-62" title="Reference 4">(4)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-63" title="Reference 5">(5)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-64" title="Reference 6">(6)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-65" title="Reference 7">(7)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-66" title="Reference 8">(8)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-content-67" title="Reference 9">(9)</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-contrast-ratio-test" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Contrast ratio test"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-contrast-ratio-test" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Contrast ratio test. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-contrast-ratio-test-1" title="§ 2.2.1.1 Maximum text contrast">§ 2.2.1.1 Maximum text contrast</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-contrast-ratio-test-2" title="§ 2.2.1.2 Minimum text contrast">§ 2.2.1.2 Minimum text contrast</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-contrast-ratio-test-3" title="§ 2.3.5.1 Control contrast">§ 2.3.5.1 Control contrast</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-decorative-image" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Decorative image"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-decorative-image" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Decorative image. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-decorative-image-1" title="§ 2.1.1.1 Decorative image">§ 2.1.1.1 Decorative image</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-deprecate" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Deprecate"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-deprecate" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Deprecate. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-deprecate-1" title="§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0">§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-element" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Element"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-element" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Element. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-element-1" title="§ 2.3.1 Keyboard focus appearance">§ 2.3.1 Keyboard focus appearance</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-element-2" title="§ 2.4.5.1 Change focus with pointer device">§ 2.4.5.1 Change focus with pointer device</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-evaluation" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Evaluation"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-evaluation" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Evaluation. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-evaluation-1" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-functional-need" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Functional need"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-functional-need" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Functional need. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-functional-need-1" title="§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0">§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-functional-need-2" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-guideline" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Guideline"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-guideline" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Guideline. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-guideline-1" title="§ Abstract">§ Abstract</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-guideline-2" title="§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0">§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-human-evaluation" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Human evaluation"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-human-evaluation" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Human evaluation. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-human-evaluation-1" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-human-evaluation-2" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-image" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Image"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-image" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Image. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-1" title="§ 2.1.1 Image alternatives">§ 2.1.1 Image alternatives</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-2" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-3" title="Reference 3">(3)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-4" title="Reference 4">(4)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-5" title="Reference 5">(5)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-6" title="Reference 6">(6)</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-7" title="§ 2.1.1.2 Equivalent text alternative">§ 2.1.1.2 Equivalent text alternative</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-8" title="§ 2.1.1.3 Detectable image">§ 2.1.1.3 Detectable image</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-9" title="§ 2.1.1.4 Image role">§ 2.1.1.4 Image role</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-10" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-image-role" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Image role"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-image-role" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Image role. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-role-1" title="§ 2.1.1.4 Image role">§ 2.1.1.4 Image role</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-image-type" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Image type"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-image-type" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Image type. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-image-type-1" title="§ 2.1.1.5 Image type">§ 2.1.1.5 Image type</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-informative" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Informative"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-informative" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Informative. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-informative-1" title="§ 3.1 Conformance">§ 3.1 Conformance</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-interactive-component" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Interactive component"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-interactive-component" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Interactive component. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-interactive-component-1" title="§ 2.4.4.6 No keyboard trap">§ 2.4.4.6 No keyboard trap</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-interactive-component-2" title="§ 2.4.5.1 Change focus with pointer device">§ 2.4.5.1 Change focus with pointer device</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-items" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Items"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-items" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Items. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-items-1" title="§ 2.7.2.1 Consistent order">§ 2.7.2.1 Consistent order</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-items-2" title="§ 2.7.4.8 Lists">§ 2.7.4.8 Lists</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-items-3" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-items-4" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-method" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Method"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-method" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Method. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-method-1" title="§ Abstract">§ Abstract</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-method-2" title="§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0">§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-method-3" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-method-4" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-non-literal-text" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Non-literal text"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-non-literal-text" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Non-literal text. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-non-literal-text-1" title="§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning">§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-normative" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Normative"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-normative" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Normative. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-normative-1" title="§ 1.2 Section status levels">§ 1.2 Section status levels</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-pointer" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Pointer"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-pointer" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Pointer. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-pointer-1" title="§ 2.4.5.1 Change focus with pointer device">§ 2.4.5.1 Change focus with pointer device</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-point-of-regard" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Point of regard"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-point-of-regard" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Point of regard. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-point-of-regard-1" title="§ 2.12.7.4 Virtual cursor">§ 2.12.7.4 Virtual cursor</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-process" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Process"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-process" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Process. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-process-1" title="§ 2.7.3.1 Current location">§ 2.7.3.1 Current location</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-process-2" title="§ 3.1.2 Defining conformance scope">§ 3.1.2 Defining conformance scope</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-process-3" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-process-4" title="Reference 3">(3)</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-process-5" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-product" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Product"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-product" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Product. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-product-1" title="§ 2.7.3.1 Current location">§ 2.7.3.1 Current location</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-product-2" title="§ 2.7.3.3 Contextual information">§ 2.7.3.3 Contextual information</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-product-3" title="§ 2.8.1.1 Consistent navigation">§ 2.8.1.1 Consistent navigation</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-product-4" title="§ 2.8.1.2 Multiple ways">§ 2.8.1.2 Multiple ways</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-product-5" title="§ 3.1 Conformance">§ 3.1 Conformance</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-product-6" title="§ 3.1.2 Defining conformance scope">§ 3.1.2 Defining conformance scope</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-product-7" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Programmatically determinable"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-programmatically-determinable" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Programmatically determinable. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-1" title="§ 2. Guidelines">§ 2. Guidelines</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-2" title="§ 2.1.1.1 Decorative image">§ 2.1.1.1 Decorative image</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-3" title="§ 2.1.1.3 Detectable image">§ 2.1.1.3 Detectable image</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-4" title="§ 2.1.1.4 Image role">§ 2.1.1.4 Image role</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-5" title="§ 2.1.5.2 Use of visual depth">§ 2.1.5.2 Use of visual depth</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-6" title="§ 2.1.5.3 Use of sound">§ 2.1.5.3 Use of sound</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-7" title="§ 2.1.5.4 Use of spatial audio">§ 2.1.5.4 Use of spatial audio</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-8" title="§ 2.2.2.2 Human language">§ 2.2.2.2 Human language</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-9" title="§ 2.2.2.3 Semantic text appearance">§ 2.2.2.3 Semantic text appearance</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-10" title="§ 2.3.4.4 Control location">§ 2.3.4.4 Control location</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-11" title="§ 2.3.5.4 Control updates">§ 2.3.5.4 Control updates</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-12" title="§ 2.5.1.1 Error association">§ 2.5.1.1 Error association</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-13" title="§ 2.7.1.2 Clear starting point">§ 2.7.1.2 Clear starting point</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-14" title="§ 2.7.1.3 Distinguishable relationships">§ 2.7.1.3 Distinguishable relationships</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-15" title="§ 2.7.1.4 Distinguishable sections">§ 2.7.1.4 Distinguishable sections</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-16" title="§ 2.7.2.3 Information about options">§ 2.7.2.3 Information about options</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-17" title="§ 2.7.3.1 Current location">§ 2.7.3.1 Current location</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-18" title="§ 2.10.1.1 Citation">§ 2.10.1.1 Citation</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-19" title="§ 2.10.1.2 Indicate 3rd party content">§ 2.10.1.2 Indicate 3rd party content</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-20" title="§ 2.12.3.2 Content markup">§ 2.12.3.2 Content markup</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-programmatically-determinable-21" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-requirement" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Requirement"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-requirement" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Requirement. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-requirement-1" title="§ Abstract">§ Abstract</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-requirement-2" title="§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0">§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-requirement-3" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-requirement-4" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-requirement-5" title="Reference 3">(3)</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-semi-automated-evaluation" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Semi-automated evaluation"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-semi-automated-evaluation" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Semi-automated evaluation. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-semi-automated-evaluation-1" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-semi-automated-evaluation-2" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-semi-automated-evaluation-3" title="Reference 3">(3)</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-single-pointer-input" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Single pointer input"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-single-pointer-input" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Single pointer input. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-single-pointer-input-1" title="§ 2.4.5.2 Complex pointer inputs">§ 2.4.5.2 Complex pointer inputs</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-task-flow" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Task flow"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-task-flow" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Task flow. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-task-flow-1" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-test" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Test"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-test" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Test. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-test-1" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-text" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: Text"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-text" aria-label="Permalink for definition: Text. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-text-1" title="§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning">§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-user-agent" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: User agent"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-user-agent" aria-label="Permalink for definition: User agent. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-user-agent-1" title="§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning">§ 2.2.3 Clear meaning</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-user-need" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: User need"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-user-need" aria-label="Permalink for definition: User need. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-user-need-1" title="§ Abstract">§ Abstract</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-user-need-2" title="§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0">§ 1.1 About WCAG 3.0</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-user-testing" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: User testing"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-user-testing" aria-label="Permalink for definition: User testing. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-user-testing-1" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-user-testing-2" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> </li> </ul> </div><div class="dfn-panel" hidden="" role="dialog" aria-modal="true" id="dfn-panel-for-dfn-view" aria-label="Links in this document to definition: View"> <span class="caret"></span> <div> <a class="self-link" href="#dfn-view" aria-label="Permalink for definition: View. Activate to close this dialog.">Permalink</a> </div> <p><b>Referenced in:</b></p> <ul> <li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-view-1" title="§ 2.2.2.2 Human language">§ 2.2.2.2 Human language</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-view-2" title="§ 2.3.3.4 Restore focus">§ 2.3.3.4 Restore focus</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-view-3" title="§ 2.7.3.1 Current location">§ 2.7.3.1 Current location</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-view-4" title="§ 3.1.2 Defining conformance scope">§ 3.1.2 Defining conformance scope</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-view-5" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-view-6" title="Reference 3">(3)</a> </li><li> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-view-7" title="§ 4. Glossary">§ 4. Glossary</a> <a href="#ref-for-dfn-view-8" title="Reference 2">(2)</a> </li> </ul> </div><script id="respec-dfn-panel">(() => { // @ts-check if (document.respec) { document.respec.ready.then(setupPanel); } else { setupPanel(); } function setupPanel() { const listener = panelListener(); document.body.addEventListener("keydown", listener); document.body.addEventListener("click", listener); } function panelListener() { /** @type {HTMLElement} */ let panel = null; return event => { const { target, type } = event; if (!(target instanceof HTMLElement)) return; // For keys, we only care about Enter key to activate the panel // otherwise it's activated via a click. if (type === "keydown" && event.key !== "Enter") return; const action = deriveAction(event); switch (action) { case "show": { hidePanel(panel); /** @type {HTMLElement} */ const dfn = target.closest("dfn, .index-term"); panel = document.getElementById(`dfn-panel-for-${dfn.id}`); const coords = deriveCoordinates(event); displayPanel(dfn, panel, coords); break; } case "dock": { panel.style.left = null; panel.style.top = null; panel.classList.add("docked"); break; } case "hide": { hidePanel(panel); panel = null; break; } } }; } /** * @param {MouseEvent|KeyboardEvent} event */ function deriveCoordinates(event) { const target = /** @type HTMLElement */ (event.target); // We prevent synthetic AT clicks from putting // the dialog in a weird place. The AT events sometimes // lack coordinates, so they have clientX/Y = 0 const rect = target.getBoundingClientRect(); if ( event instanceof MouseEvent && event.clientX >= rect.left && event.clientY >= rect.top ) { // The event probably happened inside the bounding rect... return { x: event.clientX, y: event.clientY }; } // Offset to the middle of the element const x = rect.x + rect.width / 2; // Placed at the bottom of the element const y = rect.y + rect.height; return { x, y }; } /** * @param {Event} event */ function deriveAction(event) { const target = /** @type {HTMLElement} */ (event.target); const hitALink = !!target.closest("a"); if (target.closest("dfn:not([data-cite]), .index-term")) { return hitALink ? "none" : "show"; } if (target.closest(".dfn-panel")) { if (hitALink) { return target.classList.contains("self-link") ? "hide" : "dock"; } const panel = target.closest(".dfn-panel"); return panel.classList.contains("docked") ? "hide" : "none"; } if (document.querySelector(".dfn-panel:not([hidden])")) { return "hide"; } return "none"; } /** * @param {HTMLElement} dfn * @param {HTMLElement} panel * @param {{ x: number, y: number }} clickPosition */ function displayPanel(dfn, panel, { x, y }) { panel.hidden = false; // distance (px) between edge of panel and the pointing triangle (caret) const MARGIN = 20; const dfnRects = dfn.getClientRects(); // Find the `top` offset when the `dfn` can be spread across multiple lines let closestTop = 0; let minDiff = Infinity; for (const rect of dfnRects) { const { top, bottom } = rect; const diffFromClickY = Math.abs((top + bottom) / 2 - y); if (diffFromClickY < minDiff) { minDiff = diffFromClickY; closestTop = top; } } const top = window.scrollY + closestTop + dfnRects[0].height; const left = x - MARGIN; panel.style.left = `${left}px`; panel.style.top = `${top}px`; // Find if the panel is flowing out of the window const panelRect = panel.getBoundingClientRect(); const SCREEN_WIDTH = Math.min(window.innerWidth, window.screen.width); if (panelRect.right > SCREEN_WIDTH) { const newLeft = Math.max(MARGIN, x + MARGIN - panelRect.width); const newCaretOffset = left - newLeft; panel.style.left = `${newLeft}px`; /** @type {HTMLElement} */ const caret = panel.querySelector(".caret"); caret.style.left = `${newCaretOffset}px`; } // As it's a dialog, we trap focus. // TODO: when <dialog> becomes a implemented, we should really // use that. trapFocus(panel, dfn); } /** * @param {HTMLElement} panel * @param {HTMLElement} dfn * @returns */ function trapFocus(panel, dfn) { /** @type NodeListOf<HTMLAnchorElement> elements */ const anchors = panel.querySelectorAll("a[href]"); // No need to trap focus if (!anchors.length) return; // Move focus to first anchor element const first = anchors.item(0); first.focus(); const trapListener = createTrapListener(anchors, panel, dfn); panel.addEventListener("keydown", trapListener); // Hiding the panel releases the trap const mo = new MutationObserver(records => { const [record] = records; const target = /** @type HTMLElement */ (record.target); if (target.hidden) { panel.removeEventListener("keydown", trapListener); mo.disconnect(); } }); mo.observe(panel, { attributes: true, attributeFilter: ["hidden"] }); } /** * * @param {NodeListOf<HTMLAnchorElement>} anchors * @param {HTMLElement} panel * @param {HTMLElement} dfn * @returns */ function createTrapListener(anchors, panel, dfn) { const lastIndex = anchors.length - 1; let currentIndex = 0; return event => { switch (event.key) { // Hitting "Tab" traps us in a nice loop around elements. case "Tab": { event.preventDefault(); currentIndex += event.shiftKey ? -1 : +1; if (currentIndex < 0) { currentIndex = lastIndex; } else if (currentIndex > lastIndex) { currentIndex = 0; } anchors.item(currentIndex).focus(); break; } // Hitting "Enter" on an anchor releases the trap. case "Enter": hidePanel(panel); break; // Hitting "Escape" returns focus to dfn. case "Escape": hidePanel(panel); dfn.focus(); return; } }; } /** @param {HTMLElement} panel */ function hidePanel(panel) { if (!panel) return; panel.hidden = true; panel.classList.remove("docked"); } })()</script><script src="https://www.w3.org/scripts/TR/2021/fixup.js"></script></body></html>