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id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:167px;"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Suharto,_1993.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/President_Suharto%2C_1993.jpg/250px-President_Suharto%2C_1993.jpg" decoding="async" width="165" height="211" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/President_Suharto%2C_1993.jpg/330px-President_Suharto%2C_1993.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1537" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Suharto,_1993.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Pops in 1993</div></div></div> <table class="infobox" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" style="float: right; margin: 0 0 0.5em 0.5em; text-align:left; border: 1px solid #1E90FF; width:175px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; text-align:center; color:White; background-color:#1E90FF"><b>Oh no, they're talking about</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics"><font size="4" color="White"><b>Politics</b></font></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#97DEFF;" align="center"><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics"><img alt="Icon politics.svg" src="/w/images/thumb/f/f2/Icon_politics.svg/100px-Icon_politics.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" srcset="/w/images/thumb/f/f2/Icon_politics.svg/150px-Icon_politics.svg.png 1.5x, /w/images/thumb/f/f2/Icon_politics.svg/200px-Icon_politics.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#1E90FF; text-align:center;"><b>Theory</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#97DEFF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political spectrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_party" title="Political party">Political party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">Government</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_forms_of_government" title="List of forms of government">forms of</a>)</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#1E90FF; text-align:center;"><b>Practice</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#97DEFF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_relations" title="International relations">International relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War" title="War">War</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#1E90FF; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Political_philosophy" title="Political philosophy"><font color="white">Philosophies</font></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#97DEFF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_contract" title="Social contract">Social contract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_wing" title="Right wing">Right wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkisch_movement" title="Völkisch movement">Völkisch movement</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#1E90FF; text-align:center;"><b><a href="/wiki/Category:Political_terms" title="Category:Political terms"><font color="white">Terms</font></a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#97DEFF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appeasement" title="Appeasement">Appeasement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">Welfare state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourgeois_pseudoscience" title="Bourgeois pseudoscience">Bourgeois pseudoscience</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#1E90FF; text-align:center;"><b>As usual</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#97DEFF;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">Feudalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Crude_Awakening:_The_Oil_Crash" title="A Crude Awakening: The Oil Crash">A Crude Awakening: The Oil Crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illiberal_left" title="Illiberal left">Illiberal left</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; color:White; background-color:#1E90FF; text-align:center;"><b>Country sections</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="font-size: 95%; background-color:#97DEFF;"> <center><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_politics" title="Category:United States politics"><img alt="United States politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/53px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/70px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:British_politics" title="Category:British politics"><img alt="British politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="21" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:Canadian_politics" title="Category:Canadian politics"><img alt="Canadian politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="18" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/53px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/70px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_politics" title="Category:Chinese politics"><img alt="Chinese politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="23" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/53px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/70px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:French_politics" title="Category:French politics"><img alt="French politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="23" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/120px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:German_politics" title="Category:German politics"><img alt="German politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="21" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/53px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/70px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_politics" title="Category:Indian politics"><img alt="Indian politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="23" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/53px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/70px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:Iranian_politics" title="Category:Iranian politics"><img alt="Iranian politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/40px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="20" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/60px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/120px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:Israeli_politics" title="Category:Israeli politics"><img alt="Israeli politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/35px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="25" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/53px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/70px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:Japanese_politics" title="Category:Japanese politics"><img alt="Japanese politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="23" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/120px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:South_Korean_politics" title="Category:South Korean politics"><img alt="South Korean politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="23" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/120px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Category:Turkish_politics" title="Category:Turkish politics"><img alt="Turkish politics" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="23" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/53px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/70px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> </center> <div class="vte plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics" title="Template:Politics">v</a> - <a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics" title="Template talk:Politics">t</a> - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Politics&action=edit">e</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Suharto</b> (1921–2008) was an <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesian</a> <a href="/wiki/Dictator" class="mw-redirect" title="Dictator">dictator</a> who ruled his nation with an iron fist from 1967 to 1998. The scale of corruption instigated by Suharto and his family during those 31 years was like nothing the world had seen before or since,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[note 1]</a></sup> and estimates of the scale of theft by the family range from US$15-35 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[2]</a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#How_it_all_began"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">How it all began</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#The_New_Order_and_how_the_family_filled_its_boots"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">The New Order and how the family filled its boots</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#The_crash"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">The crash</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#The_family_rogues.E2.80.99_gallery"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">The family rogues’ gallery</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Notes"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Notes</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="How_it_all_began">How it all began</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suharto&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: How it all began">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Suharto was born into a humble Central Javanese family during the Dutch colonial era. He served in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Dutch</a> colonial security forces (KNIL) from 1940 to 1942, and the <a href="/wiki/Japanese" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese">Japanese</a>-run Indonesian security forces for the whole period of the Japanese occupation of Indonesia from 1943 to 1945 during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Following independence in 1945 he rose to the rank of Major General and quietly built a power base within the military during the years of rule by Indonesia’s first president, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukarno" class="extiw" title="wp:Sukarno" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Sukarno">Sukarno</span></a>.<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </p><p>By the time of an attempted coup by allegedly left-leaning generals in 1965, Suharto’s military power was such that he personally led the successful counter-push. Under his leadership the Indonesian army implemented an anti-<a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">communist</a> purge resulting in between 500,000 and 2 million civilian deaths. The <a href="/wiki/CIA" title="CIA">CIA</a> later described this as "one of the worst mass murders of the 20<sup>th</sup> century”.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[3]</a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">irony</a> of the last statement is clear for all to see as the US government tacitly supported Suharto as an anti-communist at a time when the <a href="/wiki/Domino_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Domino theory">Domino theory</a> drove so much of American foreign policy. In the ensuing chaos Suharto seized power from Sukarno and in 1968 the world was presented with President Suharto.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="The_New_Order_and_how_the_family_filled_its_boots">The New Order and how the family filled its boots</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suharto&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The New Order and how the family filled its boots">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>Suharto appointed a gang of mostly US-educated Indonesian economists to formulate policies for what became known as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Order_(Indonesia)" class="extiw" title="wp:New Order (Indonesia)" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: New_Order_(Indonesia)">New Order</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> period. Heavily state-controlled <a href="/wiki/Capitalism" title="Capitalism">capitalism</a> was the new dish of the day and the Suharto family and cronies miraculously found themselves in control of many of the companies which benefited hugely from this. Suharto was able to maintain power by making sure that no subordinates were themselves able to consolidate power — no vice president served more than one term and province-level military generals were frequently rotated to different provinces. Suharto’s <a href="/wiki/Authoritarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Authoritarian">authoritarian</a> hand was in every pie and his political power was monetised in the most extreme manner.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a></sup> </p><p>In the 1990s before the 1998 Asian financial meltdown, the Suharto family controlled 25 so-called foundations with majority stakes in many of the nation’s largest corporations. Everything from timber concessions and <a href="/wiki/Palm_oil" title="Palm oil">palm oil</a> plantations to cement factories to toll road operators to banks was controlled by the family. </p><p>Social engineering was widespread with an apparent desire to depoliticise Indonesian society. Many civil society groups were formed with grandiose aims of fostering community support for the positive betterment of the nation. In reality these groups were controlled by Suharto’s politic groupings and they merely ensured the continuance of his absolute power. </p><p>Institutionalised state <a href="/wiki/Racism" title="Racism">racism</a> became endemic with the Indonesian Chinese community bearing the brunt of this. The Chinese written language was banned, allegedly on the fear of infiltration from the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a>. Ethnic Chinese were forced to assume Indonesian names. While President Suharto was publicly proclaiming his desire to control the “conglomerates” (a <a href="/wiki/Dog_whistle" class="mw-redirect" title="Dog whistle">dog whistle</a> term in Indonesia for wealthy Chinese businessmen), in reality his family interests were closely allied with those very conglomerates and skimming their customary percentage. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="The_crash">The crash</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suharto&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The crash">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>The political power all came to an end in 1998. Indonesia was hardest hit of all Asian nations by the monetary crisis of 1997-98. This, combined with yet another rigged election in 1997 which returned Suharto to power with his customary five year term, was just too much for the Indonesian populace. Social unrest was extreme and political opponents suddenly found their voice. Suharto tried desperately to cling to power even offering to resign at the end of his latest elected term but ultimately he had nowhere to hide and resigned in May 1998. </p><p>This ushered in a new era of democracy and reform but it was far from the end of Suharto family power. The family businesses were badly hurt by the financial crisis, but to this day most remain intact. Nobody is really sure quite how much money was stolen but Transparency International put the figure at between US$15 and 35 billion – the single largest heist of all time (and then some).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a></sup> </p><p>Strangely, the Indonesian public never really held Suharto accountable for his actions. This was very apparent with an outpouring of national grief upon his death in 2008. Rather, it was his avaricious children that bore the brunt of public indignation.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a></sup> </p><p>In August 2015, the Indonesian Supreme Court ordered the Suharto family to repay to the state <s>a number too large to write</s> 4.389 trillion Indonesian Rupiah (about US$ 300 million) for funds which were channeled through one of the family-controlled phony educational foundations to companies run by either the family or their cronies. Only time will tell if the Indonesian government ever sees this money again. Perhaps they will – US$ 300 million is after all just small change for this family. </p> <h2><span id="The_family_rogues’_gallery"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="The_family_rogues.E2.80.99_gallery">The family rogues’ gallery</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suharto&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: The family rogues’ gallery">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Suharto_family.jpg" class="image"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Suharto_family.jpg/200px-Suharto_family.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="143" class="thumbimage" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Suharto_family.jpg/300px-Suharto_family.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Suharto_family.jpg/400px-Suharto_family.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="458" /></a> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Suharto_family.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"></a></div>Mum, dad and 6 children in 1967</div></div></div> <p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Suharto" class="extiw" title="wp:Tommy Suharto" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Tommy Suharto">Hutomo Mandala Putra Suharto (Tommy)</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> (1962–) is the most notorious and flamboyant of all the children. He was convicted in 2000 of paying two hitmen to murder the Supreme Court judge who had convicted him of corruption and was sentenced to 15 years jail time. This gave rise to <a href="/wiki/Urban_legend" title="Urban legend">urban legends</a> in Indonesia including that Tommy never actually went to jail and a doppelgänger served the sentence for him. Whatever on that, he was released under special licence after only 6 years. He was the only member of the family to ever be directly convicted for corruption. His business interests include pharmaceuticals, construction and a slew of tourism-related business on the resort island of Bali. He was worth US$590 million in 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-richburg_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richburg-9">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a></sup> Tommy then wandered into politics with his own <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkarya_Party" class="extiw" title="wp:Berkarya Party" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Berkarya Party">Berkarya Party</span></a>,<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> with support of <a href="/wiki/Good_old_days" title="Good old days">old-timers</a>, New Order <a href="/wiki/Apologists" class="mw-redirect" title="Apologists">apologists</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wingnuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Wingnuts">wingnuts</a>. His party was unable to exceed parliamentary threshold in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Indonesian_general_election" class="extiw" title="wp:2019 Indonesian general election" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: 2019 Indonesian general election">2019 election</span></a>.<sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> </p><p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siti_Hardiyanti_Rukmana" class="extiw" title="wp:Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana" rel="nofollow"><span style="color:#477979 !important;" title="Wikipedia: Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana">Siti Hardiyanti Rukmana ("Tutut")</span></a><sup><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/12px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/18px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Wikipedia%27s_W.svg/24px-Wikipedia%27s_W.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></sup> (1949–) fingers in many, many business pies and served as social affairs minister in her father’s last cabinet in 1998. One of her companies defaulting on a loan resulted in the failure of Hong Kong investment bank, Peregrine. Her estimated assets in 1994 were US$455 million.<sup id="cite_ref-richburg_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richburg-9">[8]</a></sup> Tutut, along with brother Bambang, were among those listed in a list of 150 richest Asians in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-pausacker_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pausacker-12">[11]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-studwell_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-studwell-13">[12]</a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:282</sup> </p><p>Bambang Trihatmodjo Suharto (1953–) controls large industrial holdings include shipping, trading, oil, gas and hotels. He maintains a rather lower profile than his little brother Tommy. He was worth US$2.18 billion in 1998.<sup id="cite_ref-richburg_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richburg-9">[8]</a></sup> He was listed with sister Tutut as one of the 150 richest Asians in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-pausacker_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pausacker-12">[11]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-studwell_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-studwell-13">[12]</a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:282</sup> </p><p>Sigit Harjoyudanto Suharto (1952–) is the first born son of Suharto. Hs is known for his <a href="/wiki/Gambling" title="Gambling">gambling</a> problem which resulted in dad banning him from gambling abroad.<sup id="cite_ref-pausacker_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pausacker-12">[11]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-studwell_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-studwell-13">[12]</a></sup><sup class="reference" style="white-space:nowrap;">:281</sup> He was allegedly popular in Las Vegas, and one can only speculate as to how many millions of the national wealth he gambled away. </p><p>Siti Hutami Endang Adiningsih (Mamiek) (1964–) is a real estate developer with an estimated wealth of US$47 million.<sup id="cite_ref-pausacker_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pausacker-12">[11]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-richburg_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-richburg-9">[8]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suharto&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahathir_Mohammad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahathir Mohammad (page does not exist)">Mahathir Mohammad</a> - his Malaysian counterpart.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prabowo_Subianto" title="Prabowo Subianto">Prabowo Subianto</a> - his son-in-law and successor.</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Notes">Notes</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suharto&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="font-size:90%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Except maybe for Libya under <a href="/wiki/Gaddafi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaddafi">Gaddafi</a>, who siphoned away some US$200 <i>billion</i> from his country before he was killed by a mob in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suharto&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; font-size:80%;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul Richter, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190702182750/https://www.latimes.com/nation/la-xpm-2011-oct-21-la-fg-kadafi-money-20111022-story.html">As Libya takes stock, Moammar Kadafi's hidden riches astound</a>. Archived from <i>Los Angeles Times</i>, 21 October 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2708880">/* Errors processing stylesheet [[:Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css]] (rev 2708880): • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 44 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 50 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 55 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽background⧼/code⧽ at line 64 character 14. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽color⧼/code⧽ at line 96 character 9. • Invalid or unsupported value for property ⧼code⧽color⧼/code⧽ at line 100 character 9. • Invalid media query at line 138 character 8. */ .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3567745.stm">"Suharto tops corruption rankings"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 25 March 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Suharto+tops+corruption+rankings&rft.date=2004-03-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fbusiness%2F3567745.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Frationalwiki.org%3ASuharto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> David A. Blumenthal and Timothy L. H. McCormack (2007). <i>The Legacy of Nuremberg: Civilising Influence or Institutionalised Vengeance?</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/jan/27/obituaries.johngittings">Suharto</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Panglaykim and K.D. Thomas, "The New Order and the Economy"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/3567745.stm">Suharto tops corruption rankings</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/28/world/asia/28iht-suharto.1.9542684.html?pagewanted=all">Suharto's legacy of development and corruption</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-richburg-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-richburg_9-0">8.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-richburg_9-1">8.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-richburg_9-2">8.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-richburg_9-3">8.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/indonesia/stories/cash052298.htm">Cashing In on Years in Power</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>, 22 May 1998.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">George J. Aditjondro, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/asiaecon/stories/sons012598.htm">Suharto and Sons</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>, 25 January 1998.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180913111849/https://www.economist.com/asia/2006/11/02/lucky-tommy">Lucky Tommy</a>. Archived from <i>The Economist</i>, 2 November 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pausacker-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pausacker_12-0">11.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pausacker_12-1">11.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pausacker_12-2">11.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pausacker_12-3">11.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Helen Pausacker, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indonesiaatmelbourne.unimelb.edu.au/the-soeharto-family-where-are-they-now/">The Soeharto family: where are they now?</a> <i>Indonesia at Melbourne</i>, 23 May 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-studwell-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-studwell_13-0">12.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-studwell_13-1">12.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-studwell_13-2">12.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Joe Studwell, <i>Asian Godfathers: Money and Power in Hong Kong and South East Asia</i>. Grove Press, 2008, ISBN <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0802143911" title="Special:BookSources/0802143911">0802143911</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div></div><div class="printfooter">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Suharto&oldid=2693709">https://rationalwiki.org/w/index.php?title=Suharto&oldid=2693709</a>"</div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics">Politics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Asian_politicians" title="Category:Asian politicians">Asian politicians</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Authoritarianism" title="Category:Authoritarianism">Authoritarianism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Billionaires" title="Category:Billionaires">Billionaires</a></li><li><a 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