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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fionnghal_NicDh%C3%B2mhnaill" title="Fionnghal NicDhòmhnaill – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fionnghal NicDhòmhnaill" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fionnghal_NicDh%C3%B2mhnaill" title="Fionnghal NicDhòmhnaill – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Fionnghal NicDhòmhnaill" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D5%AC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1_%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%84%D4%B4%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%A4" title="Ֆլորա ՄաքԴոնալդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆլորա ՄաքԴոնալդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%9C%D7%93" title="פלורה מקדונלד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פלורה מקדונלד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF_(%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85%D9%89)" title="فلورا ماكدونالد (ارستقراطيه من مملكه بريطانيا العظمى) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فلورا ماكدونالد (ارستقراطيه من مملكه بريطانيا العظمى)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AF%E3%83%89%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89" title="フローラ・マクドナルド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フローラ・マクドナルド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4,_%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D1%8F%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Макдональд, Флора (якобитка) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Макдональд, Флора (якобитка)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="Flora MacDonald – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Flora MacDonald" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q466870#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Flora_MacDonald" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Scottish Jacobite</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Flora_MacDonald_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Flora MacDonald (disambiguation)">Flora MacDonald (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Flora MacDonald</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Floramacdonald2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Portrait of Flora Macdonald by the artist Allan Ramsay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Floramacdonald2.jpg/220px-Floramacdonald2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="270" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Floramacdonald2.jpg/330px-Floramacdonald2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Floramacdonald2.jpg/440px-Floramacdonald2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="521" data-file-height="640" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flora Macdonald by <a href="/wiki/Allan_Ramsay_(artist)" title="Allan Ramsay (artist)">Allan Ramsay</a> c. 1749–1750; the roses are a Jacobite symbol. <a href="/wiki/Ashmolean_Museum" title="Ashmolean Museum">Ashmolean Museum</a>, Oxford.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1722<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtstart bday">1722</span>)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Milton_(Outer_Hebrides)" class="mw-redirect" title="Milton (Outer Hebrides)">Milton</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Uist" title="South Uist">South Uist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">5 March 1790<span style="display:none">(1790-03-05)</span> (aged 67–68)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Kingsburgh,_Skye" title="Kingsburgh, Skye">Kingsburgh, Skye</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">Scottish</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">assisting the escape of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart" title="Charles Edward Stuart">Charles Edward Stuart</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="infobox-signature skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Appletons%27_McDonald_Flora_signature.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Appletons%27_McDonald_Flora_signature.png/150px-Appletons%27_McDonald_Flora_signature.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Appletons%27_McDonald_Flora_signature.png/225px-Appletons%27_McDonald_Flora_signature.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Appletons%27_McDonald_Flora_signature.png/300px-Appletons%27_McDonald_Flora_signature.png 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="94" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Flora MacDonald</b> <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1722 – 5 March 1790) is best known for helping <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart" title="Charles Edward Stuart">Charles Edward Stuart</a> evade government troops after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Culloden" title="Battle of Culloden">Battle of Culloden</a> in April 1746. Her family had generally backed the government during the <a href="/wiki/Jacobite_rising_of_1745" title="Jacobite rising of 1745">1745 Rising</a>, and MacDonald later claimed to have assisted Charles out of sympathy for his situation. </p><p>Arrested and held in the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a>, she was released under a general amnesty in June 1747. She later married Allan MacDonald and the couple emigrated to <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> in 1773. Their support for the British government during the <a href="/wiki/American_War_of_Independence" class="mw-redirect" title="American War of Independence">American War of Independence</a> meant the loss of their American estates and they returned to Scotland, where she died in 1790. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Flora MacDonald was born in 1722 at <a href="/wiki/Milton_(South_Uist)" title="Milton (South Uist)">Milton</a> on <a href="/wiki/South_Uist" title="South Uist">South Uist</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Outer_Hebrides" title="Outer Hebrides">Outer Hebrides</a>, third and last child of Ranald MacDonald (d. 1723) and his second wife, Marion. Her father was a member of the minor gentry of <a href="/wiki/Clan_MacDonald_of_Clanranald" class="mw-redirect" title="Clan MacDonald of Clanranald">Clan MacDonald of Clanranald</a>, being <a href="/wiki/Tacksman" title="Tacksman">tacksman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Leasehold_estate" title="Leasehold estate">leaseholder</a> of Milton and <a href="/wiki/Balivanich" title="Balivanich">Balivanich</a>. She had two brothers, Angus, who later inherited the Milton tack, and Ronald, who died young.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunset,_South_Uist_-_geograph.org.uk_-_603223.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Sunset%2C_South_Uist_-_geograph.org.uk_-_603223.jpg/180px-Sunset%2C_South_Uist_-_geograph.org.uk_-_603223.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Sunset%2C_South_Uist_-_geograph.org.uk_-_603223.jpg/270px-Sunset%2C_South_Uist_-_geograph.org.uk_-_603223.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Sunset%2C_South_Uist_-_geograph.org.uk_-_603223.jpg/360px-Sunset%2C_South_Uist_-_geograph.org.uk_-_603223.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption>Sunset on <a href="/wiki/South_Uist" title="South Uist">South Uist</a>, where MacDonald was born in 1722</figcaption></figure> <p>Particularly in the <a href="/wiki/Hebrides" title="Hebrides">Hebrides</a>, elements of the <a href="/wiki/Clan_Donald" title="Clan Donald">Clan Donald</a> remained faithful, despite <a href="/wiki/Religious_persecution" title="Religious persecution">religious persecution</a>, to the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Scotland" title="Catholic Church in Scotland">Catholic Church</a>, but Flora came from South Uist's <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> minority. According to <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Scottish Episcopal Church</a> Bishop <a href="/wiki/Robert_Forbes_(bishop)" title="Robert Forbes (bishop)">Robert Forbes</a>, "Miss MacDonald is Protestant, and is descended from the family of Clanranald by her father, and of an <a href="/wiki/Anglican_clergyman" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglican clergyman">Episcopal clergyman</a> by her mother."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through her uncle Maighstir Alasdair MacDhòmhnaill, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Episcopal_Church" title="Scottish Episcopal Church">Episcopalian</a> <a href="/wiki/Rector_(ecclesiastical)" title="Rector (ecclesiastical)">Rector</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kilchoan" title="Kilchoan">Kilchoan</a> and a Clanranald tacksman of <a href="/wiki/Dalilea" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalilea">Dalilea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moidart" title="Moidart">Moidart</a>, she was first cousin to <a href="/wiki/Alasdair_mac_Mhaighstir_Alasdair" title="Alasdair mac Mhaighstir Alasdair">Alasdair mac Mhaighstir Alasdair</a>. Along with <a href="/wiki/Sorley_MacLean" title="Sorley MacLean">Sorley MacLean</a>, the latter is considered one of the two most important figures in <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_literature" title="Scottish Gaelic literature">Scottish Gaelic literature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomson1983184_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomson1983184-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her father died soon after her birth and in 1728 her mother married again, this time to Hugh MacDonald, <a href="/wiki/Tacksman" title="Tacksman">Tacksman</a> of <a href="/wiki/Armadale,_Isle_of_Skye" class="mw-redirect" title="Armadale, Isle of Skye">Armadale, Isle of Skye</a>. MacDonald was brought up by her father's cousin, Sir Alexander MacDonald, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_clan_chief" title="Scottish clan chief">Chief</a> of <a href="/wiki/Clan_Macdonald_of_Sleat" title="Clan Macdonald of Sleat">Clan Macdonald of Sleat</a>. Suggestions she was educated in <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> cannot be confirmed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 6 November 1750, she married Allan MacDonald, a captain in the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> whose father was Sir Alexander's steward, and tacksman of <a href="/wiki/Kingsburgh,_Skye" title="Kingsburgh, Skye">Kingsburgh, Skye</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacInnes189915–24_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacInnes189915–24-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had seven surviving children, two daughters and five sons, two of whom were lost at sea in 1781 and 1782; a third son John made his fortune in India, enabling his parents to spend their last years in some comfort.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_escape_of_Prince_Charles_Edward_Stuart">The escape of Prince Charles Edward Stuart</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The escape of Prince Charles Edward Stuart"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>MacDonald was visiting <a href="/wiki/Benbecula" title="Benbecula">Benbecula</a> in the Outer Hebrides when <a href="/wiki/Charles_Edward_Stuart" title="Charles Edward Stuart">Prince Charles</a> and a small group of aides took refuge there after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Culloden" title="Battle of Culloden">Battle of Culloden</a> in June 1746. One of his companions, <a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A9lix_O%27Neille_y_O%27Neille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Félix O'Neille y O'Neille (page does not exist)">Félix O'Neille y O'Neille</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_O%27Neille_y_O%27Neille" class="extiw" title="es:Félix O'Neille y O'Neille">es</a>]</span>, <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a distant relative of MacDonald, who asked for her help. Benbecula was controlled by an pro-government <a href="/wiki/Independent_Highland_Companies" title="Independent Highland Companies">Independent Highland Company</a> commanded by MacDonald's step-father, Hugh MacDonald. This connection allowed her to obtain the necessary permits but she apparently hesitated, fearing the consequences for her family if they were caught. She may have been taking less of a risk than it appears, since witnesses later claimed Hugh advised the Prince where to hide from his search parties.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiding2016465–467_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERiding2016465–467-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isle_of_Skye_UK_relief_location_map_labels.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Isle_of_Skye_UK_relief_location_map_labels.jpg/220px-Isle_of_Skye_UK_relief_location_map_labels.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Isle_of_Skye_UK_relief_location_map_labels.jpg/330px-Isle_of_Skye_UK_relief_location_map_labels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Isle_of_Skye_UK_relief_location_map_labels.jpg/440px-Isle_of_Skye_UK_relief_location_map_labels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2004" data-file-height="2137" /></a><figcaption>Islands of <a href="/wiki/Skye" class="mw-redirect" title="Skye">Skye</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raasay" title="Raasay">Raasay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portree" title="Portree">Portree</a> mid-left</figcaption></figure> <p>Passes were issued allowing passage to the mainland for Flora MacDonald, and a party of eight, including Charles disguised as an Irish maid called Betty Burke. On 27 June, they landed near Sir Alexander's house at Monkstadt, near <a href="/wiki/Kilbride,_Skye" title="Kilbride, Skye">Kilbride, Skye</a>. In his absence, his wife Lady Margaret arranged lodging with her steward, who told Charles to remove his disguise, as it simply made him more conspicuous. The next day, the Prince was taken from <a href="/wiki/Portree" title="Portree">Portree</a> to the island of <a href="/wiki/Raasay" title="Raasay">Raasay</a>, while MacDonald remained on Skye.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiding2016467–468_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERiding2016467–468-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MacDonald was subsequently arrested and imprisoned in the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a>. After Lady Margaret interceded on her behalf with the chief Scottish legal officer, <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Forbes,_Lord_Culloden" class="mw-redirect" title="Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden">Duncan Forbes</a>, she was allowed to live outside the Tower under the supervision of a "King's Messenger", and released after the June 1747 <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Indemnity_1747" class="mw-redirect" title="Act of Indemnity 1747">Act of Indemnity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiding2016468–469_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERiding2016468–469-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aristocratic sympathisers collected over £1,500 for her, one of the contributors being <a href="/wiki/Frederick,_Prince_of_Wales" title="Frederick, Prince of Wales">Frederick, Prince of Wales</a>. She allegedly told Frederick she helped Charles out of charity, and would have done the same for him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacLeod198590_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacLeod198590-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emigration_to_North_Carolina">Emigration to North Carolina</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Emigration to North Carolina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following their marriage in 1750, Flora and her husband Allan MacDonald lived at <a href="/wiki/Flodigarry" title="Flodigarry">Flodigarry</a> on Skye. Allan served in the <a href="/wiki/114th_Regiment_of_Foot_(Royal_Highlander_Volunteers)" title="114th Regiment of Foot (Royal Highlander Volunteers)">114th</a> and <a href="/wiki/62nd_(Wiltshire)_Regiment_of_Foot" title="62nd (Wiltshire) Regiment of Foot">62nd Regiments of Foot</a> during the 1756 to 1763 <a href="/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War" title="Seven Years' War">Seven Years' War</a>, and inherited Kingsburgh when his father died in 1772. The couple was visited here by poet, <a href="/wiki/Essayist" class="mw-redirect" title="Essayist">essayist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lexicographer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lexicographer">lexicographer</a> <a href="/wiki/Dr._Johnson" class="mw-redirect" title="Dr. Johnson">Dr. Johnson</a> in 1773, <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whose words were later inscribed on her memorial at <a href="/wiki/Kilmuir,_Skye" title="Kilmuir, Skye">Kilmuir</a>: "a name that will be mentioned in history, and if courage and fidelity be virtues, mentioned with honour".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBate1955463_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBate1955463-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, a series of poor harvests and increasingly high rents resulted in what Johnson described as an "epidemic desire of wandering" throughout the Highlands in general. At the time of his visit in 1773, more than 800 people from the Sleat lands were preparing to emigrate to North America, and in 1774 Flora and her husband moved to <a href="/wiki/Anson_County,_North_Carolina" title="Anson County, North Carolina">Anson County, North Carolina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFraser2022123–124_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFraser2022123–124-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with other <a href="/wiki/Clan_Donald" title="Clan Donald">Clan Donald</a> transplants, they settled near what is now Cameron Hill, on a plantation named "Killegray".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941246_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941246-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a> began in 1775, Allan raised the Anson Battalion of the Loyalist North Carolina Militia, a total of around 1,000 men, including their sons Alexander and James.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcConnell2014_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcConnell2014-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They then set off for the coast to link up with some 2,000 British reinforcements commanded by General <a href="/wiki/Henry_Clinton_(1730%E2%80%931795)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Clinton (1730–1795)">Henry Clinton</a>, who in reality had only just left <a href="/wiki/Cork_(city)" title="Cork (city)">Cork</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>. Early on the morning of 27 February, they were ambushed at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moore%27s_Creek_Bridge" title="Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge">Moore's Creek Bridge</a> by <a href="/wiki/Patriot_(American_Revolution)" title="Patriot (American Revolution)">Patriot</a> <a href="/wiki/Minutemen" title="Minutemen">militia</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Caswell" title="Richard Caswell">Richard Caswell</a> and along with his troops, Allan MacDonald was taken prisoner.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcConnell2014_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcConnell2014-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the battle, Flora MacDonald was interrogated by the local <a href="/wiki/Committee_of_Safety_(American_Revolution)" class="mw-redirect" title="Committee of Safety (American Revolution)">Committee of Safety</a>. In April 1777, all Loyalist-owned property was confiscated and the MacDonalds were evicted from Killegray, losing all their possessions.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeyer196375_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeyer196375-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After 18 months in captivity, Allan was released as part of a <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_exchange" title="Prisoner exchange">prisoner exchange</a> in September 1777 and posted to <a href="/wiki/Fort_Edward_(Nova_Scotia)" title="Fort Edward (Nova Scotia)">Fort Edward, Nova Scotia</a> as commander of the <a href="/wiki/84th_Regiment_of_Foot_(Royal_Highland_Emigrants)" title="84th Regiment of Foot (Royal Highland Emigrants)">84th Regiment of Foot</a>. He was joined here by his wife in August 1778.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941249–251_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941249–251-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Return_to_Skye">Return to Skye</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Return to Skye"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flora_Macdonald%27s_Grave_and_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_636148.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flora_Macdonald%27s_Grave_and_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_636148.jpg/220px-Flora_Macdonald%27s_Grave_and_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_636148.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flora_Macdonald%27s_Grave_and_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_636148.jpg/330px-Flora_Macdonald%27s_Grave_and_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_636148.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flora_Macdonald%27s_Grave_and_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_636148.jpg/440px-Flora_Macdonald%27s_Grave_and_Monument_-_geograph.org.uk_-_636148.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="487" /></a><figcaption>Flora's grave in <a href="/wiki/Kilmuir,_Skye" title="Kilmuir, Skye">Kilmuir</a> Cemetery, Skye</figcaption></figure> <p>After a harsh winter in <a href="/wiki/Halifax,_Nova_Scotia" title="Halifax, Nova Scotia">Halifax, Nova Scotia</a>, in September 1779 MacDonald took passage for London in the <i>Dunmore,</i> a British <a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">privateer</a>; during the voyage, she broke her arm and ill-health delayed her return to Scotland until spring 1780.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941251–252_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941251–252-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She spent the next few years living with various family members, including <a href="/wiki/Dunvegan" title="Dunvegan">Dunvegan</a> home of her son-in-law Major General Alexander MacLeod, the largest landowner in Skye after the MacDonalds.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacGregor2009134_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacGregor2009134-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The compensation received for the loss of their property in North Carolina was insufficient to allow them to resettle in Nova Scotia and Allan returned to Scotland in 1784. Kingsburgh was now occupied by Flora's half-sister and her husband, and Allan instead took up <a href="/wiki/Tenant_farming" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenant farming">tenant farming</a> in nearby Penduin.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941252–253_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941252–253-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She died in 1790 at the age of 68 and was buried in <a href="/wiki/Kilmuir,_Skye" title="Kilmuir, Skye">Kilmuir</a> Cemetery, followed by her husband in September 1792.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue_of_Flora_MacDonald_-_geograph.org.uk_-_741250.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Statue_of_Flora_MacDonald_-_geograph.org.uk_-_741250.jpg/180px-Statue_of_Flora_MacDonald_-_geograph.org.uk_-_741250.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Statue_of_Flora_MacDonald_-_geograph.org.uk_-_741250.jpg/270px-Statue_of_Flora_MacDonald_-_geograph.org.uk_-_741250.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Statue_of_Flora_MacDonald_-_geograph.org.uk_-_741250.jpg/360px-Statue_of_Flora_MacDonald_-_geograph.org.uk_-_741250.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>1896 statue, <a href="/wiki/Inverness_Castle" title="Inverness Castle">Inverness Castle</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Traditional portrayals of the escape focus on Charles, with MacDonald relegated to a secondary role. She herself rarely spoke of the episode, and her last contact with the Prince was when they parted ways at Portree. It appears her assistance was at least partly driven by fears his continued presence would endanger her family.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiding2016465_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERiding2016465-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Michael Newton, a modern scholar of <a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_literature" title="Scottish Gaelic literature">Scottish Gaelic literature</a>, argues English-language versions fail to recognise that not only is her husband the celebrated iconic hero in the Gaelic <a href="/wiki/Oral_tradition" title="Oral tradition">oral tradition</a>, but that, "Flora was only one of many people who risked their lives to protect" the Prince during his flight after Culloden.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewton200139_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENewton200139-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her cousin, Gaelic poet Niall mac Eachainn, criticised her in verse for trying to win favour from both Stuarts and Hanoverians, while contrasting his own continuing loyalty to the Jacobite cause.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewton200139–41_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENewton200139–41-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MacDonald was painted several times by Scottish portrait artist <a href="/wiki/Allan_Ramsay_(artist)" title="Allan Ramsay (artist)">Allan Ramsay</a> (1713–1784), most of which have now survived. The one used in this article was done after her release from the Tower in 1749–1750; in 2015, a previously unrecorded painting, allegedly also by Ramsay, was discovered in Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Inspired by the novels of Sir <a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a> created a Scottish cultural identity that co-opted "romantic" icons like <a href="/wiki/Mary,_Queen_of_Scots" title="Mary, Queen of Scots">Mary, Queen of Scots</a> and Prince Charles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorris199237–39_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorris199237–39-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1878, MacDonald joined this list with the publication of an alleged "Autobiography". <a href="/wiki/Ghostwriter" title="Ghostwriter">Ghostwritten</a> by her granddaughter Lady Flora Frances Wylde, it contains so many mistakes that it could not have been written by her.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These errors were repeated by Charles Ewald in his 1886 book <i>The Life and Times of Prince Charles Edward</i>, which remains the basis for many popular perspectives on her life and motivations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This was soon followed by the first performance of the <a href="/wiki/Scottish_highland_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish highland dance">Scottish highland dance</a> known as "Flora MacDonald's Fancy", while a bronze statue was erected at <a href="/wiki/Inverness_Castle" title="Inverness Castle">Inverness Castle</a> in 1896, with her dog Flossie by her side.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Flora_MacDonald_College" title="Flora MacDonald College">Flora MacDonald Academy</a>, formerly Flora MacDonald College, in <a href="/wiki/Red_Springs,_North_Carolina" title="Red Springs, North Carolina">Red Springs, North Carolina</a> is named for her. Two of her children are interred on the campus. Until 2009, it was also the site of the Flora Macdonald <a href="/wiki/Highland_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="Highland Games">Highland Games</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="English_literature">English literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: English literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inglis_Fletcher" title="Inglis Fletcher">Inglis Fletcher</a>, <i>The Scotswoman</i> (1954); a novel based on Flora MacDonald's life in North Carolina during the <a href="/wiki/American_War_of_Independence" class="mw-redirect" title="American War of Independence">American War of Independence</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film_and_television">Film and television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Film and television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In the 1948 film <i><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Prince_Charlie_(1948_film)" title="Bonnie Prince Charlie (1948 film)">Bonnie Prince Charlie</a></i>, Flora MacDonald is portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Leighton" title="Margaret Leighton">Margaret Leighton</a>, with <a href="/wiki/David_Niven" title="David Niven">David Niven</a> as Prince Charles. Niven later recalled the film as "...one of those huge, florid extravaganzas that reek of disaster from the start."</li> <li>Flora MacDonald was played by Shauna Macdonald in the <a href="/wiki/Outlander_(TV_series)" title="Outlander (TV series)"><i>Outlander</i> television series</a>, season six, episode five.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In 1884, <a href="/wiki/Sir_Harold_Boulton,_2nd_Baronet" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Harold Boulton, 2nd Baronet">Sir Harold Boulton</a> composed English lyrics to <i>Cuachag nan Craobh</i> <sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, a lament written by 18th-century Gaelic poet <a href="/wiki/William_Ross_(poet)" title="William Ross (poet)">William Ross</a> about his <a href="/wiki/Unrequited_love" title="Unrequited love">unrequited love</a> for noblewoman Marion Ross.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the title <i><a href="/wiki/The_Skye_Boat_Song" title="The Skye Boat Song">The Skye Boat Song</a></i>, Boulton's lyrics focus instead upon Prince Charles' escape to Skye, and proved extremely popular.</li> <li>The Flask, a Dutch folkband, released the song <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open.spotify.com/track/2Wh7n7GKZf0mD4rRqC1PnP?si=TtP_XDF4R2C8ml_vV_wgOQ">Flora MacDonald</a> in 2021, telling her story from saving Prince Charlie until her death.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Gaelic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottish Gaelic language">Scottish Gaelic</a>: <i lang="gd"><b>Fionnghal nic Dhòmhnaill</b></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnson, who claimed to have Jacobite sympathies, asked to meet Flora, and described her as "a woman of soft features, gentle manners, kind soul and elegant presence"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">MacDonald herself rarely referred to the episode in later life, and made no attempt to highlight her own role</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Cuckoo of the Trees"</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas2004_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDouglas2004">Douglas 2004</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> Robert Forbes (1895), <i>The Lyon in Mourning: Or a Collection of Speeches, Letters, Journals Etc., Relative to the Affairs of Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Volume I</i>, Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the Scottish History Society. Page 114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomson1983184-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomson1983184_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThomson1983">Thomson 1983</a>, p. 184.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacInnes189915–24-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacInnes189915–24_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacInnes1899">MacInnes 1899</a>, pp. 15–24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dib.ie/biography/oneill-felix-a6922">Felix O'Neil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_Irish_Biography" title="Dictionary of Irish Biography">Dictionary of Irish Biography</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERiding2016465–467-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiding2016465–467_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRiding2016">Riding 2016</a>, pp. 465–467.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERiding2016467–468-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiding2016467–468_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRiding2016">Riding 2016</a>, pp. 467–468.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERiding2016468–469-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiding2016468–469_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRiding2016">Riding 2016</a>, pp. 468–469.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacLeod198590-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacLeod198590_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacLeod1985">MacLeod 1985</a>, p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBate1955463-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBate1955463_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBate1955">Bate 1955</a>, p. 463.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFraser2022123–124-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFraser2022123–124_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFraser2022">Fraser 2022</a>, pp. 123–124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941246-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941246_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuynn1941">Quynn 1941</a>, p. 246.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcConnell2014-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcConnell2014_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcConnell2014_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcConnell2014">McConnell 2014</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeyer196375-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeyer196375_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMeyer1963">Meyer 1963</a>, p. 75.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941249–251-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941249–251_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuynn1941">Quynn 1941</a>, pp. 249–251.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941251–252-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941251–252_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuynn1941">Quynn 1941</a>, pp. 251–252.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacGregor2009134-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacGregor2009134_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacGregor2009">MacGregor 2009</a>, p. 134.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941252–253-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEQuynn1941252–253_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQuynn1941">Quynn 1941</a>, pp. 252–253.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERiding2016465-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERiding2016465_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRiding2016">Riding 2016</a>, p. 465.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENewton200139-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewton200139_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNewton2001">Newton 2001</a>, p. 39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENewton200139–41-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENewton200139–41_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNewton2001">Newton 2001</a>, pp. 39–41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-32129099">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Flora MacDonald portrait' found in Florida"</a>. BBC News. 31 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Flora+MacDonald+portrait%27+found+in+Florida&rft.date=2015-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-highlands-islands-32129099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorris199237–39-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorris199237–39_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorris1992">Morris 1992</a>, pp. 37–39.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_Scotland" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canmore.org.uk/site/13434">"Inverness, Castle Wynd, Statue Of Flora Macdonald (13434)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Canmore_(database)" title="Canmore (database)">Canmore</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canmore&rft.atitle=Inverness%2C+Castle+Wynd%2C+Statue+Of+Flora+Macdonald+%2813434%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanmore.org.uk%2Fsite%2F13434&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tobarandualchais.co.uk/track/16968?l=en">Cuachag nan Craobh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tobar_an_Dualchais" class="mw-redirect" title="Tobar an Dualchais">Tobar an Dualchais</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBate1955" class="citation book cs1">Bate, W Jackson (1955). <i>The Achievement of Samuel Johnson</i>. OUP. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195004762" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195004762"><bdi>978-0195004762</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Achievement+of+Samuel+Johnson&rft.pub=OUP&rft.date=1955&rft.isbn=978-0195004762&rft.aulast=Bate&rft.aufirst=W+Jackson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglas2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Douglas, Hugh (2004). "Flora MacDonald". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F17432">10.1093/ref:odnb/17432</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Flora+MacDonald&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F17432&rft.aulast=Douglas&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraser2022" class="citation book cs1">Fraser, Flora (2022). <i>Pretty Young Rebel: The Life of Flora Macdonald</i>. Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1408879825" title="Special:BookSources/978-1408879825"><bdi>978-1408879825</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pretty+Young+Rebel%3A+The+Life+of+Flora+Macdonald&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-1408879825&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=Flora&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacInnes1899" class="citation book cs1">MacInnes, John (1899). <i>The Brave Sons of Skye; Containing the Military Records (compiled From Authentic Sources) of the Leading Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers, and private soldiers whom "Eilean a' Cheo" has produced</i>. Eyre and Spottiswood.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Brave+Sons+of+Skye%3B+Containing+the+Military+Records+%28compiled+From+Authentic+Sources%29+of+the+Leading+Officers%2C+Non-Commissioned+Officers%2C+and+private+soldiers+whom+%22Eilean+a%27+Cheo%22+has+produced&rft.pub=Eyre+and+Spottiswood&rft.date=1899&rft.aulast=MacInnes&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacLeod1985" class="citation book cs1">MacLeod, Ruairidh (1985). <i>Flora MacDonald: The Jacobite Heroine in Scotland and North America</i>. Shepheard-Walwyn. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0856831478" title="Special:BookSources/978-0856831478"><bdi>978-0856831478</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flora+MacDonald%3A+The+Jacobite+Heroine+in+Scotland+and+North+America&rft.pub=Shepheard-Walwyn&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0856831478&rft.aulast=MacLeod&rft.aufirst=Ruairidh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacGregor2009" class="citation book cs1">MacGregor, Alexander (December 2009). <i>The life of Flora Macdonald, and her adventures with Prince Charles</i> (<a href="/wiki/Print_On_Demand" class="mw-redirect" title="Print On Demand">Print On Demand</a> ed.). <a href="/wiki/Nabu_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Nabu Press">Nabu Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+life+of+Flora+Macdonald%2C+and+her+adventures+with+Prince+Charles&rft.edition=Print+On+Demand&rft.pub=Nabu+Press&rft.date=2009-12&rft.aulast=MacGregor&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacLean1900" class="citation book cs1">MacLean, JP (1900). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/25879/25879-h/25879-h.htm"><i>An Historical Account of the Settlements of Scotch Highlanders in America</i></a>. Helman Taylor.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Historical+Account+of+the+Settlements+of+Scotch+Highlanders+in+America&rft.pub=Helman+Taylor&rft.date=1900&rft.aulast=MacLean&rft.aufirst=JP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F25879%2F25879-h%2F25879-h.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcConnell2014" class="citation web cs1">McConnell, Brian (30 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uelac.org/Loyalist-Info/extras/MacDonald-Allan/Allan-MacDonald-by-Brian-McConnell.pdf">"A Highlander & Loyalist – Alan MacDonald"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>UE.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UE.org&rft.atitle=A+Highlander+%26+Loyalist+%E2%80%93+Alan+MacDonald&rft.date=2014-11-30&rft.aulast=McConnell&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uelac.org%2FLoyalist-Info%2Fextras%2FMacDonald-Allan%2FAllan-MacDonald-by-Brian-McConnell.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyer1963" class="citation book cs1">Meyer, Duane (1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/highlandscotsofn1963meye"><i>The Highland Scots of North Carolina</i></a>. Raleigh, N.C.: Carolina Charter Tercentenary Commission.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Highland+Scots+of+North+Carolina&rft.pub=Raleigh%2C+N.C.%3A+Carolina+Charter+Tercentenary+Commission&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Duane&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhighlandscotsofn1963meye&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris1992" class="citation journal cs1">Morris, RJ (1992). "Victorian Values in Scotland & England". <i>Proceedings of the British Academy</i> (78).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+British+Academy&rft.atitle=Victorian+Values+in+Scotland+%26+England&rft.issue=78&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=RJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewton2015" class="citation book cs1">Newton, Michael (2015). <i><span></span></i>Seanchaidh na Choille<i> The Memory Keeper of the Forest: Anthology of Scottish Gaelic Literature of Canada</i>. Nimbus Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1772060164" title="Special:BookSources/978-1772060164"><bdi>978-1772060164</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Seanchaidh+na+Choille+The+Memory+Keeper+of+the+Forest%3A+Anthology+of+Scottish+Gaelic+Literature+of+Canada&rft.pub=Nimbus+Publishing&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1772060164&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewton2001" class="citation book cs1">Newton, Michael (2001). <i>We're Indians Sure Enough: The Legacy of the Scottish Highlanders in the United States</i>. Saorsa Media.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=We%27re+Indians+Sure+Enough%3A+The+Legacy+of+the+Scottish+Highlanders+in+the+United+States&rft.pub=Saorsa+Media&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuynn1941" class="citation journal cs1">Quynn, Dorothy Mackay (July 1941). "Flora MacDonald in History". <i>The North Carolina Historical Review</i>. <b>18</b> (3): 236–258. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23516055">23516055</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+North+Carolina+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=Flora+MacDonald+in+History&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=236-258&rft.date=1941-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23516055%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Quynn&rft.aufirst=Dorothy+Mackay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiding2016" class="citation book cs1">Riding, Jacqueline (2016). <i>Jacobites; A New History of the 45 Rebellion</i>. Bloomsbury. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1408819128" title="Special:BookSources/978-1408819128"><bdi>978-1408819128</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jacobites%3B+A+New+History+of+the+45+Rebellion&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1408819128&rft.aulast=Riding&rft.aufirst=Jacqueline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSumnerDoyle2020" class="citation book cs1">Sumner, Natasha; <a href="/wiki/Aidan_Doyle" title="Aidan Doyle">Doyle, Aidan</a>, eds. (2020). <i>North American Gaels: Speech, Song, and Story in the Diaspora</i>. McGill-Queen's University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0228005186" title="Special:BookSources/978-0228005186"><bdi>978-0228005186</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=North+American+Gaels%3A+Speech%2C+Song%2C+and+Story+in+the+Diaspora&rft.pub=McGill-Queen%27s+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-0228005186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomson1983" class="citation book cs1">Thomson, Derek, ed. (1983). <i>The Companion to Gaelic Scotland</i>. Blackwell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780631155782" title="Special:BookSources/9780631155782"><bdi>9780631155782</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Companion+to+Gaelic+Scotland&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=9780631155782&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglas1993" class="citation book cs1">Douglas, Hugh (1993). <i>Flora MacDonald: The Most Loyal Rebel</i>. Sutton Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0750903486" title="Special:BookSources/978-0750903486"><bdi>978-0750903486</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flora+MacDonald%3A+The+Most+Loyal+Rebel&rft.pub=Sutton+Publishing&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0750903486&rft.aulast=Douglas&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_MacDonald&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-32129099">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Flora MacDonald portrait' found in Florida"</a>. BBC News. 31 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Flora+MacDonald+portrait%27+found+in+Florida&rft.date=2015-03-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-scotland-highlands-islands-32129099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHistoric_Environment_Scotland" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Historic_Environment_Scotland" title="Historic Environment Scotland">Historic Environment Scotland</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://canmore.org.uk/site/13434">"Inverness, Castle Wynd, Statue Of Flora Macdonald (13434)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Canmore_(database)" title="Canmore (database)">Canmore</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canmore&rft.atitle=Inverness%2C+Castle+Wynd%2C+Statue+Of+Flora+Macdonald+%2813434%29&rft.au=Historic+Environment+Scotland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcanmore.org.uk%2Fsite%2F13434&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFlora+MacDonald" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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