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guru and poet (1897–1989)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people with the same name, see <a href="/wiki/Yogendra_(name)" title="Yogendra (name)">Yogendra (name)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;background: #FFC569; color: #000000;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Shri" title="Shri">Shri</a></div><div class="fn">Yogendra<br /> <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a>: <span lang="gu">યોગેન્દ્ર</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Shri_Yogendra.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Shri_Yogendra.jpg/220px-Shri_Yogendra.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Shri_Yogendra.jpg/330px-Shri_Yogendra.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Shri_Yogendra.jpg/440px-Shri_Yogendra.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2819" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Yogendra in his early years, sitting in <a href="/wiki/Siddhasana" title="Siddhasana">Siddhasana</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #FFC569; color: #000000;">Personal</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Manibhai Haribhai Desai</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1897-11-18</span>)</span>18 November 1897<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Surat" title="Surat">Surat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="British India">British India</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">24 September 1989<span style="display:none">(1989-09-24)</span> (aged 91)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Sita Devi (m.1927)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2, including <a href="/wiki/Jayadeva_Yogendra" title="Jayadeva Yogendra">Jayadeva Yogendra</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Amalsad English School, near <a href="/wiki/Surat" title="Surat">Surat</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/St._Xavier%27s_College,_Mumbai" title="St. Xavier's College, Mumbai">St. Xavier's College, Mumbai</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data">Pioneering <a href="/wiki/Modern_yoga" title="Modern yoga">modern yoga</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pen name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Mastamani</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #FFC569; color: #000000;">Organization</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Yoga_Institute" title="The Yoga Institute">The Yoga Institute</a> (1918)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #FFC569; color: #000000;">Religious career</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Guru</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paramahamsa_Madhavdasji" class="mw-redirect" title="Paramahamsa Madhavdasji">Paramahamsa Madhavdasji</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Manibhai Haribhai Desai</b> (1897–1989), known as <b>(Shri) Yogendra</b> was an Indian <a href="/wiki/Modern_yoga_gurus" title="Modern yoga gurus">yoga guru</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> author, poet, researcher<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was one of the important figures in the <a href="/wiki/Modern_yoga" title="Modern yoga">modern revival and transformation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hatha_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatha Yoga">Hatha Yoga</a>, both in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. He was the founder of <a href="/wiki/The_Yoga_Institute" title="The Yoga Institute">The Yoga Institute</a>, the oldest organized yoga centre in the world, established in 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-TOI_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TOI-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is often referred as the <i>Father of Modern Yoga Renaissance</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was one of the figures responsible for reviving the practice of asanas and making yoga accessible to people other than renunciates.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yogendra innovated modern methods to teach Yoga, initiating research in Yoga, particularly in the field of the <a href="/wiki/Yoga_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoga therapy">Yoga therapy</a>. He authored several books on yoga and started the journal <i>Yoga</i> in 1933. He was also a poet, writing under the <a href="/wiki/Pen_name" title="Pen name">pen name</a> 'Mastamani'. He translated <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Gitanjali" title="Gitanjali">Gitanjali</a> into <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yogendra was born as Manibhai Desai in an <a href="/wiki/Anavil_Brahmin" class="mw-redirect" title="Anavil Brahmin">Anavil Brahmin</a> family on 18 November 1897 in a village near <a href="/wiki/Surat" title="Surat">Surat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>. He was affectionately called <i>Mogha</i> ("priceless one") in his childhood.<sup id="cite_ref-householder_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-householder-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father Haribhai Jivanji Desai was a school teacher. His mother died when he was three years old.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>At the age of eighteen in 1916, after distinguishing himself in the Amalsad English School, Yogendra attended <a href="/wiki/St._Xavier%27s_College,_Mumbai" title="St. Xavier's College, Mumbai">St. Xavier's College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bombay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay">Bombay</a>. He felt homesick and fell into depression and lost his interest in studies. At the urging of his roommate, On 26 August 1916, Yogendra visited the Dharamshala of Paramahamsa Madhavadasaji at Madhav Baug, regardless of his robust suspicion of <a href="/wiki/Sannyasa" title="Sannyasa">sannyasis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sadhus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadhus">sadhus</a>. However, in <i>Paramahamsa ni Prasadi</i> (1917),<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he wrote that his misgivings disappeared "as our eyes met" and as it turns out, Madhavadasaji was equally struck by Yogendra's qualities as a capable disciple.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paramahamsa_Madhavdasji.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ad/Paramahamsa_Madhavdasji.jpg/170px-Paramahamsa_Madhavdasji.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ad/Paramahamsa_Madhavdasji.jpg/255px-Paramahamsa_Madhavdasji.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ad/Paramahamsa_Madhavdasji.jpg/340px-Paramahamsa_Madhavdasji.jpg 2x" data-file-width="864" data-file-height="1312" /></a><figcaption>Yogendra's guru, Paramahamsa Madhavdasji, c. 1930</figcaption></figure> <p>After a period of courtship through letters, Yogendra left his college and went to <a href="/wiki/Paramahamsa_Madhavdasji" class="mw-redirect" title="Paramahamsa Madhavdasji">Madhavadasaji</a>'s Ashram in <a href="/wiki/Malsar" class="mw-redirect" title="Malsar">Malsar</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Vadodara" title="Vadodara">Vadodara</a> in late 1916. He received special attention and it was clear that he was being educated and groomed to be Madhavadasaji's successor. Yogendra learned Yoga, much of the teaching being on the practical and pragmatic use of Yoga and its application in sickness and suffering. His training in the Ashram was centered around yogic 'natural health cures' administered to patients in the ashram's sick ward. Yogendra left the Ashram after more than two years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works">Works</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Modern_yoga" title="Modern yoga">Modern yoga</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yoga_as_exercise" title="Yoga as exercise">Yoga as exercise</a></div> <p>On 25 November 1918, Yogendra established <a href="/wiki/The_Yoga_Institute" title="The Yoga Institute">The Yoga Institute</a> at the residence of <a href="/wiki/Dadabhai_Naoroji" title="Dadabhai Naoroji">Dadabhai Naoroji</a> at <a href="/wiki/Versova_Beach" class="mw-redirect" title="Versova Beach">Versova Beach</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bombay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay">Bombay</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>). A year later in 1919, Yogendra left for <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, with the aim of popularizing Yoga and set up a branch of the institute, The Yoga Institute of America at <a href="/wiki/Harriman,_New_York" title="Harriman, New York">Harriman</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His system of <a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">asanas</a>, which helped to create the <a href="/wiki/Modern_yoga" title="Modern yoga">modern yoga</a> movement, was influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Physical_culture" title="Physical culture">physical culture</a> of Europeans such as <a href="/wiki/Max_M%C3%BCller" title="Max Müller">Max Müller</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Newcombe2017_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Newcombe2017-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yogendra began the process of "domesticating" hatha yoga, seeking scientific evidence for yoga's health benefits. This helped to undo the negative image of yoga and asana practice.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESingleton2010116–117_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESingleton2010116–117-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Yoga_Institute,_Harriman,_U.S.A_in_1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/The_Yoga_Institute%2C_Harriman%2C_U.S.A_in_1920.jpg/220px-The_Yoga_Institute%2C_Harriman%2C_U.S.A_in_1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/The_Yoga_Institute%2C_Harriman%2C_U.S.A_in_1920.jpg/330px-The_Yoga_Institute%2C_Harriman%2C_U.S.A_in_1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/The_Yoga_Institute%2C_Harriman%2C_U.S.A_in_1920.jpg/440px-The_Yoga_Institute%2C_Harriman%2C_U.S.A_in_1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="446" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Yoga_Institute" title="The Yoga Institute">The Yoga Institute</a> in <a href="/wiki/Harriman,_New_York" title="Harriman, New York">Harriman, New York</a> in 1920</figcaption></figure> <p>In US, among the people Yogendra met was <a href="/wiki/Benedict_Lust" title="Benedict Lust">Benedict Lust</a>, one of the founders of <a href="/wiki/Naturopathic_medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturopathic medicine">naturopathic medicine</a>. Benedict Lust saw the value of <a href="/wiki/Hatha_Yoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatha Yoga">Hatha Yoga</a> for his work and studied it with him. Yogendra stayed there working with a number of <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">Avant-garde</a> doctors such as <a href="/wiki/John_Harvey_Kellogg" title="John Harvey Kellogg">John Harvey Kellogg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Benedict_Lust" title="Benedict Lust">Benedict Lust</a>. Along with the early experiments on yoga, he finished his first books while in US, <i>Light on Hatha Yoga</i> and a volume on <a href="/wiki/Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Rabindranath Tagore">Rabindranath Tagore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He went back to India less than 5 years later; he tried to return to the USA, but was thwarted by the <a href="/wiki/Immigration_Act_of_1924" title="Immigration Act of 1924">restrictive immigration legislation of 1924</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Shri Yogendra was a new type of Asian teacher. Neither an ancient chanter of texts nor a renunciate hidden away for years in <a href="/wiki/Himalaya" class="mw-redirect" title="Himalaya">Himalayan</a> hills, like <a href="/wiki/Vivekananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a>, he was already partially a Westerner before he ever came to the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. Growing up in British India, matriculating — before he met his guru — at <a href="/wiki/St._Xavier%27s_College,_Mumbai" title="St. Xavier's College, Mumbai">St. Xavier's College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bombay" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombay">Bombay</a>, translating the Yogic message into a specific <a href="/wiki/Argot" class="mw-redirect" title="Argot">argot</a>, linking his religion-philosophical views to those of <a href="/wiki/Plotinus" title="Plotinus">Plotinus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henri_Bergson" title="Henri Bergson">Henri Bergson</a>, Shri Yogendra was a blended product of East and West.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_J._Kripal" title="Jeffrey J. Kripal">Jeffrey J. Kripal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Shuck" title="Glenn Shuck">Glenn Shuck</a> wrote in his book <i>On the Edge of the Future</i> <sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>The yoga researcher <a href="/wiki/Elliott_Goldberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Elliott Goldberg">Elliott Goldberg</a> described Yogendra's system of asanas as "safer, more comprehensive, and more effective than Müller's system",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg201640_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg201640-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and commented that Yogendra "helped strip hatha yoga of .. what he called 'mysticism and inertia'", enabling people to think about asanas "unencumbered by traditional ideology".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg201643_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg201643-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research">Research</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shri_Yogendra_with_Dr._Surendranath_Dasgupta_in_1924.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Shri_Yogendra_with_Dr._Surendranath_Dasgupta_in_1924.jpg/200px-Shri_Yogendra_with_Dr._Surendranath_Dasgupta_in_1924.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Shri_Yogendra_with_Dr._Surendranath_Dasgupta_in_1924.jpg/300px-Shri_Yogendra_with_Dr._Surendranath_Dasgupta_in_1924.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Shri_Yogendra_with_Dr._Surendranath_Dasgupta_in_1924.jpg/400px-Shri_Yogendra_with_Dr._Surendranath_Dasgupta_in_1924.jpg 2x" data-file-width="861" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>Yogendra with <a href="/wiki/Surendranath_Dasgupta" title="Surendranath Dasgupta">Dr. Surendranath Dasgupta</a> in 1924</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1921, Yogendra conducted X-Ray studies on Sutra Neti kriyas, a yogic technique to clean the nasal cavity.<sup id="cite_ref-MM_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MM-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He conducted research on <a href="/wiki/Prana" title="Prana">Prana</a> with <a href="/wiki/Surendranath_Dasgupta" title="Surendranath Dasgupta">Surendranath Dasgupta</a>, an orientalist and philosopher in 1924.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1930, manuscript 'Yoga Personal Hygiene', authored by Yogendra, is the first book on intricate Yoga processes listing research on the yoga breathing techniques <a href="/wiki/Uddiyana_bandha" class="mw-redirect" title="Uddiyana bandha">Uddiyana bandha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pranayama" title="Pranayama">Pranayama</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contribution_to_literature">Contribution to literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Contribution to literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yogendra's first book, <i>Prabhubhakti</i> ("Devotion to the Lord"), was published by Diamond Jubilee Printing Press in <a href="/wiki/Ahmadabad,_Gujarat" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmadabad, Gujarat">Ahmadabad</a>. His second book was <i>Hrudayapushpanjali</i> ("Prayer from the Heart"), a collection of his poetry composed in 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-lit_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lit-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Principal A. B. Yagnik, a <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_people" title="Gujarati people">Gujarati</a> critic wrote in an article, <i>Poetic Versatility of Shri Yogendra</i>, published in 1979,<sup id="cite_ref-lit_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lit-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>We here enter the poet's esthetic world and are delighted with his exquisite reflections. At this stage he might as well have been on the road to Yoga, but not reached there.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>"Poetic Versatility of Shri Yogendra", <i>Journal of The Yoga Institute</i>, November 1979</cite></div></blockquote> <p>He was inspired and influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Works_of_Rabindranath_Tagore" title="Works of Rabindranath Tagore">works of Rabindranath Tagore</a>. He translated <a href="/wiki/Ravindranath_Tagore" class="mw-redirect" title="Ravindranath Tagore">Ravindranath Tagore</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Gitanjali" title="Gitanjali">Gitanjali</a> from <a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> to <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a>; it was published in 1918, with Tagore's permission.The country was full of <a href="/wiki/Indian_nationalism" title="Indian nationalism">Indian nationalism</a>, and his 1919 poetry collection <i>Rashtriyagita</i>, speaks of the homeland, the citizens and the struggle for freedom. Other books of his poetry collection includes <i>Pranay Bansi</i>, <i>Sangita Dhvani</i> (2017) and <i>Urmi</i> (2014).<sup id="cite_ref-lit_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lit-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books_on_Yoga">Books on Yoga</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Books on Yoga"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yogendra published many books on yoga, and they have often been reprinted.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>Memorabilia</i> (1926)</li> <li><i>Yoga Asanas Simplified</i> (1928)</li> <li><i>Yoga Physical Education</i> - Volume 1 (1928)</li> <li><i>Yoga Personal Hygiene Simplified</i> (1931)</li> <li><i>Hatha-Yoga Simplified</i> (1931)</li> <li><i>Simple Meditative Postures</i> (1934)</li> <li><i>Rhythmic Exercises</i> (1936)</li> <li><i>Way to Live</i> (1936)</li> <li><i>Breathing Methods</i> (1936)</li> <li><i>Yoga Personal Hygiene</i> (1940)</li> <li><i>Yoga: Physical Education</i> (1956)</li> <li><i>Yoga Essays</i> (1969)</li> <li><i>Facts about Yoga</i> (1971)</li> <li><i>Why Yoga</i> (1976)</li> <li><i>Yoga–Sutras</i> (1978</li> <li><i>Life Problems</i> (1978)</li> <li><i>Guide to Yoga Meditation</i> (1983)</li> <li><i>Yoga in Modern Life</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poetry_collections">Poetry collections</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Poetry collections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Prabhubhakti</i></li> <li><i>Hrdayapushpanjali</i></li> <li><i>Pranay Bansi</i></li> <li><i>Sangita Dhwani</i> (1917)</li> <li><i>Rashtriya Gita</i> (1919)</li> <li><i>Gitanjali of Tagore</i> (1917)</li> <li><i>Urmi</i> (1924)</li> <li><i>Kavi Tagore</i> (1926)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shri_Yogendra_Chowk_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Shri_Yogendra_Chowk_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Shri_Yogendra_Chowk_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Shri_Yogendra_Chowk_%28cropped%29.jpg/300px-Shri_Yogendra_Chowk_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Shri_Yogendra_Chowk_%28cropped%29.jpg/400px-Shri_Yogendra_Chowk_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="503" /></a><figcaption><i>Shri Yogendra Chowk</i> at <a href="/wiki/Santacruz,_Mumbai" title="Santacruz, Mumbai">Santacruz, Mumbai</a> is named after him.</figcaption></figure> <p>He married Sita Devi in 1927. The couple had two sons, named Jayadeva Yogendra and Vijayadev Yogendra.<sup id="cite_ref-Hayhouse_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayhouse-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yogendra died on 25 September 1989 at the age of 91 in <a href="/wiki/Mumbai" title="Mumbai">Mumbai</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hayhouse_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hayhouse-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1994, The <a href="/wiki/Brihanmumbai_Municipal_Corporation" title="Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation">Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation</a> renamed the TPS 5 Prabhat Colony as Yogendra Marg (Yogendra Way) after Yogendra. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Town_square" title="Town square">Chowk</a> named <i>Shri Yogendra Chowk</i> located in <a href="/wiki/Santacruz,_Mumbai" title="Santacruz, Mumbai">Santacruz, Mumbai</a>, is named after him, was inaugurated by <a href="/wiki/Suresh_Prabhu" title="Suresh Prabhu">Suresh Prabhu</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Railways_(India)" title="Minister of Railways (India)">Minister of Railways</a>, <a href="/wiki/Govt._of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Govt. of India">Govt. of India</a> in April 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His son Vijayadev Yogendra (1930–2005) immigrated to Australia and continued his father's work through the establishment of the Total Health and Education Foundation in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> and The School of Total Education in <a href="/wiki/Warwick,_Queensland" title="Warwick, Queensland">Warwick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Queensland" title="Queensland">Queensland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSingletonByrne2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Singleton_(yoga_researcher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Singleton (yoga researcher)">Singleton, Mark</a>; Byrne, Jean, eds. (30 June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XF6AVGsz_YwC&q=manibhai+haribhai+desai&pg=PA64"><i>Yoga in the Modern World: Contemporary Perspectives</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781134055203" title="Special:BookSources/9781134055203"><bdi>9781134055203</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yoga+in+the+Modern+World%3A+Contemporary+Perspectives&rft.pages=64&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2008-06-30&rft.isbn=9781134055203&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXF6AVGsz_YwC%26q%3Dmanibhai%2Bharibhai%2Bdesai%26pg%3DPA64&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingletonGoldberg2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Singleton_(yoga_scholar)" title="Mark Singleton (yoga scholar)">Singleton, Mark</a>; Goldberg, Ellen (2014). <i><a href="/wiki/Gurus_of_Modern_Yoga" title="Gurus of Modern Yoga">Gurus of Modern Yoga</a></i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. pp. 60–79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0199938728" title="Special:BookSources/978-0199938728"><bdi>978-0199938728</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gurus+of+Modern+Yoga&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=60-79&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0199938728&rft.aulast=Singleton&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Goldberg%2C+Ellen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg20162–74_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldberg2016">Goldberg 2016</a>, pp. 2–74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TOI-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TOI_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/Worlds-oldest-yoga-centre-still-going-strong/articleshow/36904643.cms">"World's oldest yoga centre still going strong"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. 5 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=World%27s+oldest+yoga+centre+still+going+strong&rft.date=2015-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fmumbai%2FWorlds-oldest-yoga-centre-still-going-strong%2Farticleshow%2F36904643.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJhangiani2013" class="citation news cs1">Jhangiani, Diipti (22 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-neighbourhood-haven-the-yoga-institute-1923076">"Neighbourhood Haven The Yoga Institute"</a>. <a href="/wiki/DNA_India" class="mw-redirect" title="DNA India">DNA India</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Neighbourhood+Haven+The+Yoga+Institute&rft.date=2013-11-22&rft.aulast=Jhangiani&rft.aufirst=Diipti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dnaindia.com%2Fmumbai%2Freport-neighbourhood-haven-the-yoga-institute-1923076&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMishra2016" class="citation news cs1">Mishra, Debashree (3 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/once-upon-a-time-from-1918-this-yoga-institute-has-been-teaching-generations-creating-history/">"Once Upon A Time: From 1918, this Yoga institute has been teaching generations, creating history"</a>. Mumbai: <a href="/wiki/Indian_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Express">Indian Express</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Once+Upon+A+Time%3A+From+1918%2C+this+Yoga+institute+has+been+teaching+generations%2C+creating+history&rft.date=2016-07-03&rft.aulast=Mishra&rft.aufirst=Debashree&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fcities%2Fmumbai%2Fonce-upon-a-time-from-1918-this-yoga-institute-has-been-teaching-generations-creating-history%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSadhaka2015" class="citation book cs1">Sadhaka (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vrFmCQAAQBAJ&q=Father+of+the+Modern+Yoga+Renaissance+Yogendra&pg=PA11"><i>A Spiritual Path That Led to Arunachala</i></a>. p. 11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Spiritual+Path+That+Led+to+Arunachala&rft.pages=11&rft.date=2015&rft.au=Sadhaka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvrFmCQAAQBAJ%26q%3DFather%2Bof%2Bthe%2BModern%2BYoga%2BRenaissance%2BYogendra%26pg%3DPA11&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarrett1997" class="citation journal cs1">Barrett, Jennifer (December 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I-oDAAAAMBAJ&q=The+Yoga+Institute+1918&pg=PA24">"Householders Yoga"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Journal" title="Yoga Journal">Yoga Journal</a></i> (137). <a href="/wiki/Active_Interest_Media" title="Active Interest Media">Active Interest Media</a>: 24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Yoga+Journal&rft.atitle=Householders+Yoga&rft.issue=137&rft.pages=24&rft.date=1997-12&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI-oDAAAAMBAJ%26q%3DThe%2BYoga%2BInstitute%2B1918%26pg%3DPA24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-householder-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-householder_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodrigues1997" class="citation book cs1">Rodrigues, Santan (1997). <i>The Householder Yogi Life of Shri Yogendra</i>. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8185053059" title="Special:BookSources/978-8185053059"><bdi>978-8185053059</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Householder+Yogi+Life+of+Shri+Yogendra&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-8185053059&rft.aulast=Rodrigues&rft.aufirst=Santan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodrigues1997" class="citation book cs1">Rodrigues, Santan (1997). <i>The Householder Yogi Life of Shri Yogendra</i>. p. 32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8185053059" title="Special:BookSources/978-8185053059"><bdi>978-8185053059</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Householder+Yogi+Life+of+Shri+Yogendra&rft.pages=32&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-8185053059&rft.aulast=Rodrigues&rft.aufirst=Santan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaycedo1966" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Caycedo" title="Alfonso Caycedo">Caycedo, Alfonso</a> (1966). <i>India of yogis</i>. 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Oxford Research Encyclopedias. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780199340378.013.253">10.1093/acrefore/9780199340378.013.253</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199340378" title="Special:BookSources/9780199340378"><bdi>9780199340378</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Religion&rft.atitle=The+Revival+of+Yoga+in+Contemporary+India&rft.volume=1&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Facrefore%2F9780199340378.013.253&rft.isbn=9780199340378&rft.aulast=Newcombe&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foro.open.ac.uk%2F48147%2F1%2FApril_Yoga_Revival_Newcombe.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESingleton2010116–117-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESingleton2010116–117_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSingleton2010">Singleton 2010</a>, pp. 116–117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuinn,_Edward2014" class="citation book cs1">Quinn, Edward (2014). <i>Critical Companion to George Orwell Critical Companion Encyclopedia of World Religions Series Facts on File library of world literature</i>. <a href="/wiki/Infobase_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Infobase Publishing">Infobase Publishing</a>. p. 515. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781438108735" title="Special:BookSources/9781438108735"><bdi>9781438108735</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Critical+Companion+to+George+Orwell+Critical+Companion+Encyclopedia+of+World+Religions+Series+Facts+on+File+library+of+world+literature&rft.pages=515&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781438108735&rft.au=Quinn%2C+Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMelton,_J._GordonBaumann,_Martin2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/J._Gordon_Melton" title="J. Gordon Melton">Melton, J. Gordon</a>; Baumann, Martin (21 September 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=v2yiyLLOj88C&q=Shri+Yogendra+immigration+restriction&pg=PA3159"><i>Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices</i></a> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/ABC-CLIO" class="mw-redirect" title="ABC-CLIO">ABC-CLIO</a>. p. 3159. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781598842043" title="Special:BookSources/9781598842043"><bdi>9781598842043</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religions+of+the+World%3A+A+Comprehensive+Encyclopedia+of+Beliefs+and+Practices&rft.pages=3159&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2010-09-21&rft.isbn=9781598842043&rft.au=Melton%2C+J.+Gordon&rft.au=Baumann%2C+Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dv2yiyLLOj88C%26q%3DShri%2BYogendra%2Bimmigration%2Brestriction%26pg%3DPA3159&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConstance_A._JonesJames_D._Ryan2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constance_A._Jones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constance A. Jones (page does not exist)">Constance A. Jones</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_D._Ryan_(Indologist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James D. Ryan (Indologist) (page does not exist)">James D. Ryan</a> (2006). <i>Encyclopedia of Hinduism Encyclopedia of World Religions Facts on File library of religion and mythology</i>. <a href="/wiki/Infobase_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Infobase Publishing">Infobase Publishing</a>. p. 263. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780816075645" title="Special:BookSources/9780816075645"><bdi>9780816075645</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Hinduism+Encyclopedia+of+World+Religions+Facts+on+File+library+of+religion+and+mythology&rft.pages=263&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780816075645&rft.au=Constance+A.+Jones&rft.au=James+D.+Ryan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKripalShuck2005" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_J._Kripal" title="Jeffrey J. Kripal">Kripal, Jeffrey J.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Shuck" title="Glenn Shuck">Shuck, Glenn</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mffc2m9D3REC&q=Yogendra+Manibhai&pg=PA65">"The American Mission of Shri Yogendra and Paramhansa Yogananda"</a>. <i>On the Edge of the Future: Esalen and the Evolution of American Culture Religion in North America</i>. <a href="/wiki/Indiana_University_Press" title="Indiana University Press">Indiana University Press</a>: 64–66. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0253345561" title="Special:BookSources/0253345561"><bdi>0253345561</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=On+the+Edge+of+the+Future%3A+Esalen+and+the+Evolution+of+American+Culture+Religion+in+North+America&rft.atitle=The+American+Mission+of+Shri+Yogendra+and+Paramhansa+Yogananda&rft.pages=64-66&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0253345561&rft.aulast=Kripal&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+J.&rft.au=Shuck%2C+Glenn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dmffc2m9D3REC%26q%3DYogendra%2BManibhai%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg201640-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg201640_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldberg2016">Goldberg 2016</a>, p. 40.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGoldberg201643-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGoldberg201643_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGoldberg2016">Goldberg 2016</a>, p. 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MM-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MM_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuha2018" class="citation news cs1">Guha, Kunal (7 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/others/sunday-read/relative-value-a-century-of-wellness/articleshow/62398932.cms">"Relative Value: A Century of Wellness"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Mumbai_Mirror" title="Mumbai Mirror">Mumbai Mirror</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Relative+Value%3A+A+Century+of+Wellness&rft.date=2018-01-07&rft.aulast=Guha&rft.aufirst=Kunal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmumbaimirror.indiatimes.com%2Fothers%2Fsunday-read%2Frelative-value-a-century-of-wellness%2Farticleshow%2F62398932.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/MirceaEliadeAndSurendranathDasguptaGuggenbuehlC/Mircea-Eliade-and-Surendranath-Dasgupta-Guggenbuehl-C_djvu.txt">"Full text of "Mircea Eliade And Surendranath Dasgupta Guggenbuehl C"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Archive.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Archive.org">archive.org</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.org&rft.atitle=Full+text+of+%22Mircea+Eliade+And+Surendranath+Dasgupta+Guggenbuehl+C%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2FMirceaEliadeAndSurendranathDasguptaGuggenbuehlC%2FMircea-Eliade-and-Surendranath-Dasgupta-Guggenbuehl-C_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lit-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lit_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lit_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lit_22-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodrigues1997" class="citation book cs1">Rodrigues, Santan (1997). <i>The Householder Yogi Life of Shri Yogendra</i>. pp. 52–54, 60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8185053059" title="Special:BookSources/978-8185053059"><bdi>978-8185053059</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Householder+Yogi+Life+of+Shri+Yogendra&rft.pages=52-54%2C+60&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-8185053059&rft.aulast=Rodrigues&rft.aufirst=Santan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?q=inauthor:%22Shri+Yogendra%22">"inauthor:"Shri Yogendra"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=inauthor%3A%22Shri+Yogendra%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3Dinauthor%3A%2522Shri%2BYogendra%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hayhouse-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hayhouse_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayhouse_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaj,_Ashok2010" class="citation book cs1">Raj, Ashok (1 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tqdABAAAQBAJ&q=Shri+Yogendra+died&pg=PT32"><i>The Life and Times of Baba Ramdev</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Hay_House" title="Hay House">Hay House</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789381398098" title="Special:BookSources/9789381398098"><bdi>9789381398098</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Life+and+Times+of+Baba+Ramdev&rft.pub=Hay+House&rft.date=2010-04-01&rft.isbn=9789381398098&rft.au=Raj%2C+Ashok&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtqdABAAAQBAJ%26q%3DShri%2BYogendra%2Bdied%26pg%3DPT32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theyogainstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Slide30.jpg">"Yoga pioneer, Yogendra, dead"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. 27 September 1989.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Yoga+pioneer%2C+Yogendra%2C+dead&rft.date=1989-09-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheyogainstitute.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F06%2FSlide30.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indianshowbiz.com/?p=141771">"Centenary logo of The Yoga Institute, Santacruz unveiled on the 88th birthday of living Yogi Dr. Jayadeva Yogendra Shri Yogendra Chowk also commemorated"</a>. indianshowbiz.com. 30 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Centenary+logo+of+The+Yoga+Institute%2C+Santacruz+unveiled+on+the+88th+birthday+of+living+Yogi+Dr.+Jayadeva+Yogendra+Shri+Yogendra+Chowk+also+commemorated&rft.date=2017-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indianshowbiz.com%2F%3Fp%3D141771&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sote.qld.edu.au/about/sote_story.html">"A Story of Vision and Commitment"</a>. <i>The School of Total Education</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181211025650/http://www.sote.qld.edu.au/about/sote_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+School+of+Total+Education&rft.atitle=A+Story+of+Vision+and+Commitment&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sote.qld.edu.au%2Fabout%2Fsote_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldberg2016" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Goldberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Elliott Goldberg">Goldberg, Elliott</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CmEoDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT50"><i>The Path of Modern Yoga: The History of an Embodied Spiritual Practice</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon & Schuster">Simon & Schuster</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781620555682" title="Special:BookSources/9781620555682"><bdi>9781620555682</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Path+of+Modern+Yoga%3A+The+History+of+an+Embodied+Spiritual+Practice&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781620555682&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Elliott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCmEoDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingleton2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Singleton_(yoga_scholar)" title="Mark Singleton (yoga scholar)">Singleton, Mark</a> (2010). <a href="/wiki/Yoga_Body" title="Yoga Body"><i>Yoga Body : the origins of modern posture practice</i></a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-539534-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-539534-1"><bdi>978-0-19-539534-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/318191988">318191988</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yoga+Body+%3A+the+origins+of+modern+posture+practice&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F318191988&rft.isbn=978-0-19-539534-1&rft.aulast=Singleton&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Rodrigues, Santan (1997). <i>The Householder Yogi – Life Of Shri Yogendra</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Householder+Yogi+%E2%80%93+Life+Of+Shri+Yogendra&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Rodrigues&rft.aufirst=Santan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Singleton_(yoga_researcher)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Singleton (yoga researcher)">Singleton, Mark</a>; Goldberg, Ellen (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=walBCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA72"><i>Gurus of Modern Yoga</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. pp. 60–75. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199938711" title="Special:BookSources/9780199938711"><bdi>9780199938711</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gurus+of+Modern+Yoga&rft.pages=60-75&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780199938711&rft.aulast=Singleton&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Goldberg%2C+Ellen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwalBCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA72&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Yogendra, Vijayadev (1972). <i>Glimpses from the life of Shri Yogendra : Father of Yoga Renaissance</i>. Yoga Education Centre, Melbourne. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/220335795">220335795</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Glimpses+from+the+life+of+Shri+Yogendra+%3A+Father+of+Yoga+Renaissance&rft.pub=Yoga+Education+Centre%2C+Melbourne&rft.date=1972&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F220335795&rft.aulast=Yogendra&rft.aufirst=Vijayadev&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Yogendra, Vijayadev (1977). <i>Shri Yogendra, The householder Yogi</i>. <a href="/wiki/The_Yoga_Institute" title="The Yoga Institute">The Yoga Institute</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/83123746">83123746</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shri+Yogendra%2C+The+householder+Yogi&rft.pub=The+Yoga+Institute&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F83123746&rft.aulast=Yogendra&rft.aufirst=Vijayadev&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYogendra" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogendra&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yoga_as_exercise" title="Template:Yoga as exercise"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yoga_as_exercise" title="Template talk:Yoga as exercise"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yoga_as_exercise" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yoga as exercise"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Yoga_as_exercise" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Yoga_as_exercise" title="Yoga as exercise">Yoga as exercise</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Asana" title="Asana">Asanas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_asanas" title="List of asanas">List of asanas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_asanas" title="Standing asanas">Standing asanas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downward_Dog_Pose" title="Downward Dog Pose">Downward dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotus_position" title="Lotus position">Lotus position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meditative_postures" title="Meditative postures">Meditation seats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Salutation" title="Sun Salutation">Sun Salutation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_pose" title="Tree pose">Tree pose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virabhadrasana" title="Virabhadrasana">Warrior</a></li> <li>Accompaniments <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drishti_(yoga)" title="Drishti (yoga)">Drishti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranayama" title="Pranayama">Pranayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viny%C4%81sa" title="Vinyāsa">Vinyāsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasta_Vinyasas" title="Hasta Vinyasas">Hasta Vinyasas</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yoga_teacher_training" title="Yoga teacher training">Teacher training</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Standards <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Wheel_of_Yoga" title="British Wheel of Yoga">British Wheel of Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_of_Yoga" title="European Union of Yoga">European Union of Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Van_Lysebeth" title="André Van Lysebeth">André Van Lysebeth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Alliance" title="Yoga Alliance">Yoga Alliance</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yoga_for_therapeutic_purposes" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoga for therapeutic purposes">Therapy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_using_props" title="Yoga using props">Yoga using props</a></li> <li>1979 <a href="/wiki/Accessible_yoga" title="Accessible yoga">Accessible yoga</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/Trauma-sensitive_yoga" title="Trauma-sensitive yoga">Trauma-sensitive yoga</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Restorative_Yoga" title="Restorative Yoga">Restorative Yoga</a></li> <li>2008 <a href="/wiki/Yoga_nidra" title="Yoga nidra">Yoga nidra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Miller_(psychologist)" title="Richard Miller (psychologist)">International Association of Yoga Therapists • Richard Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janice_Gates" title="Janice Gates">Janice Gates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Competitive_yoga" title="Competitive yoga">Competitive yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Day_of_Yoga" title="International Day of Yoga">International Day of Yoga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Journals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Asana_Journal" title="Asana Journal">Asana Journal</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Journal" title="Yoga Journal">Yoga Journal</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yoga_using_props" title="Yoga using props">Props</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_brick" title="Yoga brick">Yoga brick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_mat" title="Yoga mat">Yoga mat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Farmer" title="Angela Farmer">Angela Farmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugger_Mugger_Yoga_Products" title="Hugger Mugger Yoga Products">Hugger Mugger</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_pants" title="Yoga pants">Yoga pants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lululemon_Athletica" title="Lululemon Athletica">Lululemon</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ardha-Chandrasana_Yoga-Asana_Nina-Mel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Ardha-Chandrasana_Yoga-Asana_Nina-Mel.jpg/80px-Ardha-Chandrasana_Yoga-Asana_Nina-Mel.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Ardha-Chandrasana_Yoga-Asana_Nina-Mel.jpg/120px-Ardha-Chandrasana_Yoga-Asana_Nina-Mel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Ardha-Chandrasana_Yoga-Asana_Nina-Mel.jpg/160px-Ardha-Chandrasana_Yoga-Asana_Nina-Mel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="578" data-file-height="557" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Early</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_yoga" title="Early modern yoga">Early modern yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Vivekananda" title="Swami Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li> <li>1896 <i><a href="/wiki/Raja_Yoga_(book)" title="Raja Yoga (book)">Raja Yoga</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bernard_(yogi)" title="Pierre Bernard (yogi)">Pierre Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmonic_Gymnastics" class="mw-redirect" title="Harmonic Gymnastics">Harmonial gymnastics/yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Agniel" title="Marguerite Agniel">Marguerite Agniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Bagot_Stack" title="Mary Bagot Stack">Mary Bagot Stack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genevieve_Stebbins" title="Genevieve Stebbins">Genevieve Stebbins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_culture" title="Physical culture">Physical culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishnu_Charan_Ghosh" title="Bishnu Charan Ghosh">B. C. Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._V._Iyer" title="K. V. Iyer">K. V. Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seetharaman_Sundaram" title="Seetharaman Sundaram">Seetharaman Sundaram</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Paramahansa Yogananda</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Autobiography_of_a_Yogi" title="Autobiography of a Yogi">Autobiography of a Yogi</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aspects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hot_yoga" title="Hot yoga">Hot yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_of_yoga" title="Science of yoga">Science of yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse_by_yoga_gurus" title="Sexual abuse by yoga gurus">Sexual abuse by yoga gurus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Remski" title="Matthew Remski">Matthew Remski</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_and_cultural_appropriation" title="Yoga and cultural appropriation">Yoga and cultural appropriation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_in_advertising" title="Yoga in advertising">In advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_for_children" title="Yoga for children">For children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_for_women" title="Yoga for women">For women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geeta_Iyengar" title="Geeta Iyengar">Geeta Iyengar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_tourism" title="Yoga tourism">Yoga tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_yoga_hybrids" title="List of yoga hybrids">Hybrids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1938 <a href="/wiki/Naked_yoga" title="Naked yoga">Naked yoga</a></li> <li>1990 <a href="/wiki/Mindful_Yoga" title="Mindful Yoga">Mindful Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Jude_Boccio" title="Frank Jude Boccio">Frank Jude Boccio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Cushman" title="Anne Cushman">Anne Cushman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janice_Gates" title="Janice Gates">Janice Gates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Kabat-Zinn" title="Jon Kabat-Zinn">Jon Kabat-Zinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyndi_Lee" title="Cyndi Lee">Cyndi Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Moffitt" title="Phillip Moffitt">Phillip Moffitt</a></li></ul></li> <li>2003 <a href="/wiki/Acroyoga" title="Acroyoga">Acroyoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doga_(yoga)" title="Doga (yoga)">Doga</a></li> <li>2013 <a href="/wiki/Paddleboard_Yoga" title="Paddleboard Yoga">Paddleboard Yoga</a></li> <li>2014 <a href="/wiki/Aerial_yoga" title="Aerial yoga">Aerial yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_yoga" title="Beer yoga">Beer yoga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_in_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Yoga in America">America</a> <ul><li>1961 <i><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hittleman" title="Richard Hittleman">Yoga for Health</a></i></li> <li>1970 <i><a href="/wiki/Lilias,_Yoga_and_You" title="Lilias, Yoga and You">Lilias, Yoga and You</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_in_Britain" title="Yoga in Britain">Britain</a> <ul><li>1976 <a href="/wiki/Lyn_Marshall" title="Lyn Marshall">Lyn Marshall</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_in_France" title="Yoga in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_in_Germany" title="Yoga in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postural_yoga_in_India" title="Postural yoga in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_in_Italy" title="Yoga in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_in_Russia" title="Yoga in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_in_Sweden" title="Yoga in Sweden">Sweden</a> <ul><li>2015 <a href="/wiki/Rachel_Brathen" title="Rachel Brathen">Rachel Brathen</a></li></ul></li> <li>Switzerland <ul><li>1941 <a href="/wiki/Selvarajan_Yesudian" title="Selvarajan Yesudian">Selvarajan Yesudian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1996 <i><a href="/wiki/Norman_Sjoman" title="Norman Sjoman">Yoga Tradition of the Mysore Palace</a></i></li> <li>2004 <i><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Alter" title="Joseph Alter">Yoga in Modern India</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_History_of_Modern_Yoga" title="A History of Modern Yoga">A History of Modern Yoga</a></i></li> <li>2005 <i><a href="/wiki/Positioning_Yoga" title="Positioning Yoga">Positioning Yoga</a></i></li> <li>2010 <i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Body" title="Yoga Body">Yoga Body</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Subtle_Body" title="The Subtle Body">The Subtle Body</a></i></li> <li>2015 <i><a href="/wiki/Selling_Yoga" title="Selling Yoga">Selling Yoga</a></i></li> <li>2016 <i><a href="/wiki/The_Path_of_Modern_Yoga" title="The Path of Modern Yoga">The Path of Modern Yoga</a></i></li> <li>2017 <i><a href="/wiki/Roots_of_Yoga" title="Roots of Yoga">Roots of Yoga</a></i></li> <li>2019 <i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_in_Britain:_Stretching_Spirituality_and_Educating_Yogis" title="Yoga in Britain: Stretching Spirituality and Educating Yogis">Yoga in Britain</a></i></li> <li>2020 <i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Yoga" title="The Story of Yoga">The Story of Yoga</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2006 <i><a href="/wiki/Guru_(2006_film)" title="Guru (2006 film)">Guru</a></i></li> <li>2009 <i><a href="/wiki/Enlighten_Up!" title="Enlighten Up!">Enlighten Up!</a></i></li> <li>2012 <i><a href="/wiki/Breath_of_the_Gods" title="Breath of the Gods">Breath of the Gods</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_yoga_schools" title="List of yoga schools">Schools</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Modern_yoga_gurus" title="Modern yoga gurus">Gurus</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1918 <a href="/wiki/The_Yoga_Institute" title="The Yoga Institute">The Yoga Institute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Yogendra" class="mw-redirect" title="Shri Yogendra">Shri Yogendra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hansa_Yogendra" title="Hansa Yogendra">Hansa Yogendra</a></li></ul></li> <li>1924 <a href="/wiki/Kaivalyadhama_Health_and_Yoga_Research_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaivalyadhama Health and Yoga Research Center">Kaivalyadhama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Kuvalayananda" title="Swami Kuvalayananda">Swami Kuvalayananda</a></li></ul></li> <li>1934 <a href="/wiki/Viniyoga" class="mw-redirect" title="Viniyoga">Viniyoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tirumalai_Krishnamacharya" title="Tirumalai Krishnamacharya">Tirumalai Krishnamacharya</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_Makaranda" title="Yoga Makaranda">Yoga Makaranda</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._K._V._Desikachar" title="T. K. V. Desikachar">T. K. V. Desikachar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._G._Mohan" title="A. G. Mohan">A. G. Mohan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indra_Devi" title="Indra Devi">Indra Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srivatsa_Ramaswami" title="Srivatsa Ramaswami">Srivatsa Ramaswami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanda_Scaravelli" title="Vanda Scaravelli">Vanda Scaravelli</a></li></ul></li> <li>c. 1948 <a href="/wiki/Ashtanga_vinyasa_yoga" title="Ashtanga vinyasa yoga">Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K._Pattabhi_Jois" title="K. Pattabhi Jois">K. Pattabhi Jois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysore_style" title="Mysore style">Mysore style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Miller_(yoga_teacher)" title="Tim Miller (yoga teacher)">Tim Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kino_MacGregor" title="Kino MacGregor">Kino MacGregor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Schultz" title="Larry Schultz">Larry Schultz</a></li></ul></li> <li>1959 <a href="/wiki/Sivananda_yoga" title="Sivananda yoga">Sivananda Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vishnudevananda_Saraswati" title="Vishnudevananda Saraswati">Vishnudevananda Saraswati</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Complete_Illustrated_Book_of_Yoga" title="Complete Illustrated Book of Yoga">Complete Illustrated Book of Yoga</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>1963 <a href="/wiki/Bihar_School_of_Yoga" title="Bihar School of Yoga">Bihar School of Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satyananda_Saraswati" title="Satyananda Saraswati">Satyananda Saraswati</a></li></ul></li> <li>1965 <a href="/wiki/Ananda_Yoga" title="Ananda Yoga">Ananda Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kriyananda" title="Kriyananda">Kriyananda</a></li></ul></li> <li>1966 <a href="/wiki/Integral_Yoga_(Satchidananda)" title="Integral Yoga (Satchidananda)">Integral Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satchidananda_Saraswati" class="mw-redirect" title="Satchidananda Saraswati">Satchidananda Saraswati</a></li></ul></li> <li>1966 <a href="/wiki/Kripalu_Center" title="Kripalu Center">Kripalu Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Desai" title="Amrit Desai">Amrit Desai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Cope" title="Stephen Cope">Stephen Cope</a></li></ul></li> <li>1971 <a href="/wiki/Himalayan_Institute_of_Yoga_Science_and_Philosophy" title="Himalayan Institute of Yoga Science and Philosophy">Himalayan Institute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Rama" title="Swami Rama">Swami Rama</a></li></ul></li> <li>1973 <a href="/wiki/Bikram_Yoga" title="Bikram Yoga">Bikram Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bikram_Choudhury" title="Bikram Choudhury">Bikram Choudhury</a></li></ul></li> <li>1975 <a href="/wiki/Iyengar_Yoga" title="Iyengar Yoga">Iyengar Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._K._S._Iyengar" title="B. K. S. Iyengar">B. K. S. Iyengar</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Light_on_Yoga" title="Light on Yoga">Light on Yoga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yoga_the_Iyengar_Way" title="Yoga the Iyengar Way">Yoga the Iyengar Way</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>1975 <a href="/wiki/Dharma_Mittra" title="Dharma Mittra">Dharma Mittra</a></li> <li>c. 1975 <a href="/wiki/Yin_Yoga" title="Yin Yoga">Yin Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paulie_Zink" title="Paulie Zink">Paulie Zink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Grilley" title="Paul Grilley">Paul Grilley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Powers" title="Sarah Powers">Sarah Powers</a></li></ul></li> <li>1982 <a href="/wiki/Forrest_Yoga" title="Forrest Yoga">Forrest Yoga</a></li> <li>1984 <a href="/wiki/Jivamukti_Yoga" title="Jivamukti Yoga">Jivamukti Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Gannon" title="Sharon Gannon">Sharon Gannon</a></li></ul></li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Power_Yoga" title="Power Yoga">Power Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beryl_Bender_Birch" title="Beryl Bender Birch">Beryl Bender Birch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan_Kest" title="Bryan Kest">Bryan Kest</a></li></ul></li> <li>1997 <a href="/wiki/Anusara_School_of_Hatha_Yoga" title="Anusara School of Hatha Yoga">Anusara Yoga</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Friend_(yogi)" title="John Friend (yogi)">John Friend</a></li></ul></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/Core_Strength_Vinyasa_Yoga" title="Core Strength Vinyasa Yoga">Core Strength Vinyasa Yoga (Sadie Nardini)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yoga" title="Yoga">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatha_yoga" title="Hatha yoga">Hatha yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_yoga" title="Modern yoga">Modern yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-lineage_yoga" title="Post-lineage yoga">Post-lineage yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Asanas" title="Template:Asanas">Asanas (template)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_yoga_schools" title="List of yoga schools">List of yoga schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Yoga_scholars" title="Template:Yoga scholars">Yoga scholars (template)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Yoga_teachers" title="Category:Yoga teachers">Yoga teachers (category)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Modern_Yoginis" title="Template:Modern Yoginis">Modern Yoginis (template)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Modern_yoga_gurus" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Modern_yoga_gurus" title="Template:Modern yoga gurus"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Modern_yoga_gurus" title="Template talk:Modern yoga gurus"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Modern_yoga_gurus" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Modern yoga gurus"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Modern_yoga_gurus" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Modern_yoga_gurus" title="Modern yoga gurus">Modern yoga gurus</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gurus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amrit_Desai" title="Amrit Desai">Amrit Desai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anandamayi_Ma" title="Anandamayi Ma">Anandamayi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Aurobindo" title="Sri Aurobindo">Aurobindo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beryl_Bender_Birch" title="Beryl Bender Birch">Beryl Birch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurumayi_Chidvilasananda" title="Gurumayi Chidvilasananda">Chidvilasananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Chinmoy" title="Sri Chinmoy">Chinmoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bikram_Choudhury" title="Bikram Choudhury">Bikram Choudhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurmukh_Kaur_Khalsa" title="Gurmukh Kaur Khalsa">Gurmukh Kaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogi_Bhajan" title="Yogi Bhajan">Harbhajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaggi_Vasudev" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaggi Vasudev">Jaggi Vasudev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Friend_(yogi)" title="John Friend (yogi)">John Friend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirumalai_Krishnamacharya" title="Tirumalai Krishnamacharya">Krishnamacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriyananda" title="Kriyananda">Kriyananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Kuvalayananda" title="Swami Kuvalayananda">Kuvalayananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharishi_Mahesh_Yogi" title="Maharishi Mahesh Yogi">Mahesh Yogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meher_Baba" title="Meher Baba">Meher Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma_Mittra" title="Dharma Mittra">Dharma Mittra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muktananda" title="Muktananda">Muktananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmala_Srivastava" title="Nirmala Srivastava">Nirmala Srivastava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._Pattabhi_Jois" title="K. Pattabhi Jois">Pattabhi Jois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Rama" title="Swami Rama">Rama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Dass" title="Ram Dass">Ram Dass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramdev" title="Ramdev">Ramdev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar_(spiritual_leader)" title="Ravi Shankar (spiritual leader)">Ravi Shankar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Satchidananda_Saraswati" title="Swami Satchidananda Saraswati">Satchidananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sathya_Sai_Baba" title="Sathya Sai Baba">Sathya Sai Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankarananda_(Shiva_Yoga)" title="Shankarananda (Shiva Yoga)">Shankarananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiv_Dayal_Singh" title="Shiv Dayal Singh">Shiv Dayal Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivananda_Saraswati" title="Sivananda Saraswati">Sivananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._K._S._Iyengar" title="B. K. S. Iyengar">Sundarraja Iyengar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vishnudevananda_Saraswati" title="Vishnudevananda Saraswati">Vishnudevananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivekananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Vivekananda">Vivekananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramahansa_Yogananda" title="Paramahansa Yogananda">Yogananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Yogendra" class="mw-redirect" title="Shri Yogendra">Yogendra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guru" title="Guru">Guru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_yoga" title="Modern yoga">Modern yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-lineage_yoga" title="Post-lineage yoga">Post-lineage yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_as_exercise" title="Yoga as exercise">Yoga as exercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_abuse_by_yoga_gurus" title="Sexual abuse by yoga gurus">Sexual abuse by yoga gurus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Yoga" title="Category:Yoga">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Physical_culture" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Physical_culture" title="Template:Physical culture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Physical_culture" title="Template talk:Physical culture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Physical_culture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Physical culture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Physical_culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Physical_culture" title="Physical culture">Physical culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antecedents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Christoph_Friedrich_GutsMuths" title="Johann Christoph Friedrich GutsMuths">Johann Christoph Friedrich GutsMuths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ludwig_Jahn" title="Friedrich Ludwig Jahn">Friedrich Ludwig Jahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Baptist_Krebs" title="Johann Baptist Krebs">Johann Baptist Krebs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pehr_Henrik_Ling" title="Pehr Henrik Ling">Pehr Henrik Ling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Nachtegall" title="Franz Nachtegall">Franz Nachtegall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Amor%C3%B3s_y_Ondeano" title="Francisco Amorós y Ondeano">Francisco Amorós y Ondeano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Spiess" title="Adolf Spiess">Adolf Spiess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Topham" title="Thomas Topham">Thomas Topham</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_physical_culture" title="Western physical culture">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">European</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Assirati" title="Bert Assirati">Bert Assirati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bankier" title="William Bankier">William Bankier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_William_Barton-Wright" title="Edward William Barton-Wright">Edward William Barton-Wright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zishe_Breitbart" title="Zishe Breitbart">Zishe Breitbart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niels_Bukh" title="Niels Bukh">Niels Bukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Dane" title="Victor Dane">Victor Dane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Delsarte" title="François Delsarte">François Delsarte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_Desbonnet" title="Edmond Desbonnet">Edmond Desbonnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launceston_Elliot" title="Launceston Elliot">Launceston Elliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Emmott" title="Tony Emmott">Tony Emmott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ferrero" title="Juan Ferrero">Juan Ferrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eileen_Fowler" title="Eileen Fowler">Eileen Fowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Fitzsimmons" title="Bob Fitzsimmons">Bob Fitzsimmons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Fri%C5%A1tensk%C3%BD" title="Gustav Frištenský">Gustav Frištenský</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Margaret_Garrud" class="mw-redirect" title="Edith Margaret Garrud">Edith Margaret Garrud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_G%C3%B6rner" title="Hermann Görner">Hermann Görner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hackenschmidt" title="George Hackenschmidt">George Hackenschmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_H%C3%A9bert" title="Georges Hébert">Georges Hébert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Heidenstam" title="Oscar Heidenstam">Oscar Heidenstam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._A._Hornibrook" title="F. A. Hornibrook">F. A. Hornibrook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Inch" title="Thomas Inch">Thomas Inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lees_(bodybuilder)" title="John Lees (bodybuilder)">John Lees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_McLeod_(wrestler)" title="Dan McLeod (wrestler)">Dan McLeod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8rgen_Peter_M%C3%BCller" title="Jørgen Peter Müller">Jørgen Peter Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartvig_Nissen_(gymnast)" title="Hartvig Nissen (gymnast)">Hartvig Nissen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reg_Park" title="Reg Park">Reg Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pullum" title="William Pullum">William Pullum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Rhodes" title="Joan Rhodes">Joan Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Sandow" title="Eugen Sandow">Eugen Sandow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Saxon" title="Arthur Saxon">Arthur Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Schlaffhorst" title="Clara Schlaffhorst">Clara Schlaffhorst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokol_(sport_organization)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokol (sport organization)">Sokol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Bagot_Stack" title="Mary Bagot Stack">Mary Bagot Stack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Strongfort" title="Lionel Strongfort">Lionel Strongfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxalding" title="Maxalding">Maxalding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Sick" title="Max Sick">Maxick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monte_Saldo" title="Monte Saldo">Monte Saldo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcana" title="Vulcana">Vulcana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Walker_(weightlifter)" title="Ronald Walker (weightlifter)">Ronald Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Diana_Watts" title="Emily Diana Watts">Emily Diana Watts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freddie_Welsh" title="Freddie Welsh">Freddie Welsh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New World</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Agniel" title="Marguerite Agniel">Marguerite Agniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Atlas" title="Charles Atlas">Charles Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Bass" title="Clarence Bass">Clarence Bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanford_Bennett" title="Sanford Bennett">Sanford Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bernard_(yogi)" title="Pierre Bernard (yogi)">Pierre Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Berry_(author)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark Berry (author)">Mark Berry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Bonomo_(strongman)" title="Joe Bonomo (strongman)">Joe Bonomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Brosius" title="George Brosius">George Brosius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Joseph_Drexel_Biddle_Sr." title="Anthony Joseph Drexel Biddle Sr.">Drexel Biddle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Bjelke_Petersen" title="Marie Bjelke Petersen">Marie Bjelke Petersen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Blaikie" title="William Blaikie">William Blaikie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bragg" title="Paul Bragg">Paul Bragg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Calvert" title="Alan Calvert">Alan Calvert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Checkley" title="Edwin Checkley">Edwin Checkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._Ward_Crampton" title="C. Ward Crampton">C. Ward Crampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Delinger" title="Jack Delinger">Jack Delinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Durlacher" title="Ludwig Durlacher">Ludwig Durlacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Eiferman" title="George Eiferman">George Eiferman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrica_Le_Favre" title="Carrica Le Favre">Carrica Le Favre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keene_Fitzpatrick" title="Keene Fitzpatrick">Keene Fitzpatrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Forest" title="Mark Forest">Mark Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Fury" title="Ed Fury">Ed Fury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_B._Gagnon" title="John B. Gagnon">John B. Gagnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vince_Gironda" title="Vince Gironda">Vince Gironda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Greenstein" title="Joe Greenstein">Joe Greenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Grimek" title="John Grimek">John Grimek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo_Hastings" title="Milo Hastings">Milo Hastings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Hilligenn" title="Roy Hilligenn">Roy Hilligenn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hoffman_(sports_promoter)" title="Bob Hoffman (sports promoter)">Bob Hoffman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_F._Jowett" title="George F. Jowett">George F. Jowett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annette_Kellerman" title="Annette Kellerman">Annette Kellerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siegmund_Klein" title="Siegmund Klein">Siegmund Klein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_LaLanne" title="Jack LaLanne">Jack LaLanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._R._C._Latson" title="W. R. C. Latson">W. R. C. Latson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocletian_Lewis" title="Diocletian Lewis">Diocletian Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilman_Low" title="Gilman Low">Gilman Low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Lurie" title="Dan Lurie">Dan Lurie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernarr_Macfadden" title="Bernarr Macfadden">Bernarr Macfadden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artie_McGovern" title="Artie McGovern">Artie McGovern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Muldoon" title="William Muldoon">William Muldoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Parcaut" title="Ralph Parcaut">Ralph Parcaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kid_Parker" title="Kid Parker">Kid Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Paschall" title="Harry Paschall">Harry Paschall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Pearl" title="Bill Pearl">Bill Pearl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Reeves" title="Steve Reeves">Steve Reeves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Robert" title="Leo Robert">Leo Robert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joe_Rollino" title="Joe Rollino">Joe Rollino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Sansone" title="Tony Sansone">Tony Sansone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Allen_Sargent" title="Dudley Allen Sargent">Dudley Allen Sargent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Scott_(bodybuilder)" title="Larry Scott (bodybuilder)">Larry Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_Alonzo_Stagg" title="Amos Alonzo Stagg">Amos Alonzo Stagg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genevieve_Stebbins" title="Genevieve Stebbins">Genevieve Stebbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alois_P._Swoboda" title="Alois P. Swoboda">Alois P. Swoboda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armand_Tanny" title="Armand Tanny">Armand Tanny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vic_Tanny" title="Vic Tanny">Vic Tanny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Terpak" title="John Terpak">John Terpak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_Lincoln_Travis" title="Warren Lincoln Travis">Warren Lincoln Travis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Treloar" title="Al Treloar">Al Treloar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turners" title="Turners">Turners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_physical_culture_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional physical culture of India">Indian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bodybuilding</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manohar_Aich" title="Manohar Aich">Manohar Aich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesh_Balsekar" title="Ramesh Balsekar">Ramesh Balsekar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Gama" title="The Great Gama">The Great Gama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishnu_Charan_Ghosh" title="Bishnu Charan Ghosh">B. C. Ghosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambika_Charan_Guha" title="Ambika Charan Guha">Ambika Charan Guha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatindra_Charan_Guho" title="Jatindra Charan Guho">Jatindra Charan Guho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Hanuman" title="Guru Hanuman">Guru Hanuman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._V._Iyer" title="K. V. Iyer">K. V. Iyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kodi_Rammurthy_Naidu" title="Kodi Rammurthy Naidu">Kodi Rammurthy Naidu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandgi_Ram" title="Chandgi Ram">Chandgi Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monotosh_Roy" title="Monotosh Roy">Monotosh Roy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Yoga_as_exercise" title="Yoga as exercise">Yogic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Krishnamacharya" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishnamacharya">Krishnamacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuvalayananda" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuvalayananda">Kuvalayananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seetharaman_Sundaram" title="Seetharaman Sundaram">Seetharaman Sundaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shri_Yogendra" class="mw-redirect" title="Shri Yogendra">Shri Yogendra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malladihalli_Raghavendra" title="Malladihalli Raghavendra">Tiruka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhawanrao_Shriniwasrao_Pant_Pratinidhi" title="Bhawanrao Shriniwasrao Pant Pratinidhi">Bhawanrao Shriniwasrao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Systems" title="Battle of the Systems">Battle of the Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitness_culture" title="Fitness culture">Fitness culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gymnastics" title="Gymnastics">Gymnastics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Muscular_religion" title="Category:Muscular religion">Muscular religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_as_exercise" title="Yoga as exercise">Yoga as exercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthopathy" title="Orthopathy">Natural 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.portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/19px-P_vip.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/28px-P_vip.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/P_vip.svg/37px-P_vip.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1911" data-file-height="1944" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Biography" title="Portal:Biography">Biography</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/113032336">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1438488/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjKjQ8yYJYHqjKP9v6Gkfy">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/104221929X">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78083250">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an50213474">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA07234258?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/104221929X">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/050679880">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> 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