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href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//it'><div title='Italian' class='sprite-isprt-web-it flag-it'>🇮🇹</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//id'><div title='Indonesian' class='sprite-isprt-web-id flag-id'>🇮🇩</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//nl'><div title='Dutch' class='sprite-isprt-web-nl flag-nl'>🇳🇱</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//fa'><div title='Persian' class='sprite-isprt-web-ir flag-fa'>🇮🇷</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//th'><div title='Thai' class='sprite-isprt-web-th flag-th'>🇹🇭</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//hu'><div title='Hungarian' class='sprite-isprt-web-hu flag-hu'>🇭🇺</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//el'><div title='Greek' class='sprite-isprt-web-gr flag-el'>🇬🇷</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//ro'><div title='Romanian' class='sprite-isprt-web-ro flag-ro'>🇷🇴</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//bg'><div title='Bulgarian' class='sprite-isprt-web-bg flag-bg'>🇧🇬</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//ur'><div title='Urdu' class='sprite-isprt-web-pk flag-ur'>🇵🇰</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//hi'><div title='Hindi' class='sprite-isprt-web-in flag-hi'>🇮🇳</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//ar'><div title='Arabic' class='sprite-isprt-web-ae flag-ar'>🇦🇪</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//sr'><div title='Serbian' class='sprite-isprt-web-rs flag-sr'>🇷🇸</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//bn'><div title='Bangla' class='sprite-isprt-web-bd flag-bn'>🇧🇩</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//bs'><div title='Bosnian' class='sprite-isprt-web-ba flag-bs'>🇧🇦</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//hr'><div title='Croatian' class='sprite-isprt-web-hr flag-hr'>🇭🇷</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//tr'><div title='Turkish' class='sprite-isprt-web-tr flag-tr'>🇹🇷</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//uk'><div title='Ukrainian' class='sprite-isprt-web-ua flag-uk'>🇺🇦</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//cs'><div title='Czech' class='sprite-isprt-web-cz flag-cs'>🇨🇿</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//be'><div title='Belarusian' class='sprite-isprt-web-by flag-be'>🇧🇾</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//km'><div title='Khmer' class='sprite-isprt-web-kh flag-km'>🇰🇭</div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//lo'><div title='Lao' class='sprite-isprt-web-la flag-lo'>🇱🇦</div></a></div><div id='hdrlang-navigation'><div id='hdrlang-navigation-inner' class='hdrlang-navigation'><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east/' class='lang-en'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-gb'></div><span class='name'>English</span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//cn' class='lang-zh-CN'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-cn'></div><span class='name'>Chinese <span>- 简体中文</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//jp' class='lang-ja'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-jp'></div><span class='name'>Japanese <span>- 日本</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//es' class='lang-es'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-es'></div><span class='name'>Spanish <span>- español</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//kr' class='lang-ko'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-kr'></div><span class='name'>Korean <span>- 한국의</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//ru' class='lang-ru'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-ru'></div><span class='name'>Russian <span>- русский</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//hk' class='lang-zh-TW'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-hk'></div><span class='name'>Traditional Chinese <span>- 繁體中文</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//fr' class='lang-fr'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-fr'></div><span class='name'>French <span>- Francais</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//pl' class='lang-pl'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-pl'></div><span class='name'>Polish <span>- Polski</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//de' class='lang-de'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-de'></div><span class='name'>German <span>- Deutsch</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//pt' class='lang-pt'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-br'></div><span class='name'>Portuguese <span>- Português</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//vn' class='lang-vi'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-vn'></div><span class='name'>Vietnamese <span>- Tiếng Việt</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//it' class='lang-it'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-it'>🇮🇹</div><span class='name'>Italian <span>- Italiano</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//id' class='lang-id'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-id'>🇮🇩</div><span class='name'>Indonesian <span>- bahasa Indonesia</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//nl' class='lang-nl'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-nl'>🇳🇱</div><span class='name'>Dutch <span>- Nederlands</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//fa' class='lang-fa'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-ir'>🇮🇷</div><span class='name'>Persian <span>- فارسی</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//th' class='lang-th'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-th'>🇹🇭</div><span class='name'>Thai <span>- ภาษาไทย</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//hu' class='lang-hu'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-hu'>🇭🇺</div><span class='name'>Hungarian <span>- Magyar</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//el' class='lang-el'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-gr'>🇬🇷</div><span class='name'>Greek <span>- Ελληνικά</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//ro' class='lang-ro'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-ro'>🇷🇴</div><span class='name'>Romanian <span>- Română</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//bg' class='lang-bg'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-bg'>🇧🇬</div><span class='name'>Bulgarian <span>- български</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//ur' class='lang-ur'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-pk'>🇵🇰</div><span class='name'>Urdu <span>- اردو</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//hi' class='lang-hi'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-in'>🇮🇳</div><span class='name'>Hindi <span>- हिंदी</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//ar' class='lang-ar'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-ae'>🇦🇪</div><span class='name'>Arabic <span>- العربية</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//sr' class='lang-sr'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-rs'>🇷🇸</div><span class='name'>Serbian <span>- Српски</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//bn' class='lang-bn'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-bd'>🇧🇩</div><span class='name'>Bangla <span>- বাংলা</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//bs' class='lang-bs'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-ba'>🇧🇦</div><span class='name'>Bosnian <span>- босански</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//hr' class='lang-hr'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-hr'>🇭🇷</div><span class='name'>Croatian <span>- hrvatski</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//tr' class='lang-tr'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-tr'>🇹🇷</div><span class='name'>Turkish <span>- Türkçe</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//uk' class='lang-uk'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-ua'>🇺🇦</div><span class='name'>Ukrainian <span>- українська</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//cs' class='lang-cs'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-cz'>🇨🇿</div><span class='name'>Czech <span>- čeština</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//be' class='lang-be'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-by'>🇧🇾</div><span class='name'>Belarusian <span>- беларускі</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//km' class='lang-km'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-kh'>🇰🇭</div><span class='name'>Khmer <span>- ខ្មែរ</span></span></div></a><a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//lo' class='lang-lo'><div class='item'><div class='flag sprite-isprt-web-la'>🇱🇦</div><span class='name'>Lao <span>- ລາວ</span></span></div></a></div></div></div><div class="hdrshare"><script type="text/javascript"> function initSharing(){aqisrv.here().then(function(where){country = where.Country.IsoCode;if (country!='CN') 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{background-size: 100%;background: url(https://aqicn.org/images//bluesky-banner-panoramic.jpg) no-repeat center bottom #eee;margin-top: -2px;z-index: -1;border-bottom: 1px solid #888;width: 100%;}.h2-title {font-family: inherit;font-size: 1.1em;overflow: hidden;text-align: center;text-transform: capitalize;}.h2-title:before,.h2-title:after {background-color: #ddd;content: '';display: inline-block;height: 1px;position: relative;vertical-align: middle;width: 50%;}.h2-title:before {right: 0.5em;margin-left: -50%;}.h2-title:after {left: 0.5em;margin-right: -50%;}@media only screen and (max-width: 800px) {.section-content {line-height: 1.6;max-width: 98%;min-height: 10px;}.section-banner {display: none;}}</style><div class='whitebody' style='font-family:"Noto Serif",Cambria,"Palatino Linotype","Book Antiqua","URW Palladio L",serif;'><div class='section-outer'><div class='section-content' ><i>Posted on April 8<sup>th</sup> 2015</i><div style='height:1px;background-color:#aaaaaa;width:300px;margin-top:5px;'></div><small><i>(re-edited on January 12<sup>th</sup> 2020)</i></small><br><div id="gtrans-div-id" style="float:right" class="gtrans-div"></div><script>try { googleTranslate(); } catch (e) {}</script><div class='ui-share-btns'><a id='share-facebook' href='https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=643196515742584&display=popup&href=https%3A%2F%2Faqicn.org%2Ffaq%2F2015-04-08%2Fair-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east%2Fvn%2F&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Faqicn.org%2Ffaq%2F2015-04-08%2Fair-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east%2Fvn%2F' class='ui-share-btn' title=''><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width=24px height=24px xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M24 12.073c0-6.627-5.373-12-12-12s-12 5.373-12 12c0 5.99 4.388 10.954 10.125 11.854v-8.385H7.078v-3.47h3.047V9.43c0-3.007 1.792-4.669 4.533-4.669 1.312 0 2.686.235 2.686.235v2.953H15.83c-1.491 0-1.956.925-1.956 1.874v2.25h3.328l-.532 3.47h-2.796v8.385C19.612 23.027 24 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solid #0086c8;cursor: pointer;border-radius: 4px;padding: 3px 5px;margin: 3px;max-width: 800px;min-width: 30px;}.ui-share-btn:first-child {margin-left: 0px;}.ui-share-btn:hover {background-color: #f8f8f8;border-color: #adadad;text-decoration: none;color: black;}.ui-share-btn:hover svg {fill: black;}.ui-share-btn:hover svg g {fill: black;}.ui-share-btn a:hover {text-decoration: none;}</style><i style='color:#888;font-size:13px;word-break: break-all;'>Chia sẻ: <a href='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east/vn/'>aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east/vn/</a></i><br><div class='entry-content' ng-controller='MainController as ctrl'> <style type="text/css"> .calculatornoteref { background-color: orange; color: white; border: 1px solid #888; min-width: 12px; text-align: center; font-size: 10px; display: inline-block; border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; -box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); -moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); } .aqisnapshot { -box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); -moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); margin: 3px; } </style> <div style='float:right;padding-left:10px;border:0px solid black;max-width: 50%;width:330px;'> <center> <img src='/air/view/faq/images/unep/african_union_flag.png' style='width: 100%;'> <br> <br> <a href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_the_African_Union'>Flag of the African Union</a> </center> </a> </small> </div> <p>Khi nói về Chất lượng Không khí, những quốc gia đầu tiên mọi người nghĩ đến là Trung Quốc, Ấn Độ và nói chung là Châu Á. Ngay cả trong <a href='/home/vn/'>dự án Chỉ số Chất lượng Không khí Thế giới</a> , ngay từ đầu, Châu Á đã luôn là trọng tâm mạnh mẽ của chúng tôi (rất có thể vì đây là nơi đặt trụ sở chính của chúng tôi!).</p> <p>Cách đây vài năm, vào năm 2012, chúng tôi đã quyết định mở rộng phạm vi của mình sang <a href='http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/continents.htm'>bảy lục địa</a> khác, bắt đầu với <a href='/map/australia/vn/'>Châu Đại Dương</a> , sau đó là <a href='/map/australia/vn/'>Châu Âu</a> và <a href='/map/northamericas/vn/'>Bắc Mỹ</a> , <a href='/map/southamericas/vn/'>Nam Mỹ</a> .</p> <p>Nhưng một trong bảy lục địa, cụ thể là <i>Châu Phi</i> , lại bị bỏ lại phía sau một cách đáng ngạc nhiên. Chúng tôi đã nhận được nhiều câu hỏi về việc thiếu dữ liệu này và một trong những câu hỏi cuối cùng là từ Said E., người đã viết:</p> <blockquote> <p>Cảm ơn bạn đã tạo ra trang web của dự án Chỉ số chất lượng không khí thế giới. Nó cung cấp thông tin rất hữu ích.<br> Mối quan tâm duy nhất của tôi là tại sao <b>Châu Phi</b> lại không được xem xét.<br> Để biết thông tin tôi là một công dân Ma-rốc.<br></p> </blockquote> <link rel='stylesheet' href='/images/flags.css/css/flag-icon.min.css' /> <p>Thực sự có lý do chính đáng để lo lắng về Chất lượng Không khí ở Bắc Phi và Trung Đông vì <a href='http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150224102847.htm'>bụi Sahara</a> . Lượng bụi này lớn đến mức nó thậm chí có thể xuyên qua các lục địa và di chuyển về phía Nam Mỹ cũng như <a href='http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/view.php?id=11780'>Châu Âu</a> .</p> <center><br>-<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28" height="28" version="1" viewBox="0 0 26 26" enable-background="new 0 0 26 26"><path d="M 15.65625 -0.03125 C 14.280846 -0.03760636 12.828752 0.09254274 11.3125 0.40625 C 8.28651 1.0323169 5.7746616 2.1709106 3.96875 3.59375 C 2.3885774 4.8387345 1.3097647 6.3321654 1.0625 7.96875 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 1 8.40625 C 1 8.4709766 0.99753847 8.5296394 1 8.59375 C 0.99939321 8.6245955 1 8.6565744 1 8.6875 C 1.0067678 8.8049913 1.0164368 8.9159604 1.03125 9.03125 C 1.0536237 9.2185949 1.1014372 9.4156735 1.15625 9.59375 C 1.4590854 10.826485 2.2046296 11.91918 3.21875 12.78125 C 4.0779092 13.511593 5.1369309 14.083861 6.3125 14.53125 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 6.53125 14.9375 C 8.1339345 16.910035 12.101162 19.118434 18.1875 18.59375 A 1.0043849 1.0043849 0 0 0 18 16.59375 C 14.906411 16.860439 12.500325 16.269357 10.78125 15.5 C 14.30154 15.772761 18.245209 15.070028 21.71875 12.96875 A 1.0021949 1.0021949 0 1 0 20.6875 11.25 C 16.887924 13.548509 12.317006 14.000584 8.78125 13.21875 C 8.6725971 13.194724 8.5753958 13.151278 8.46875 13.125 C 10.108287 13.189898 11.88322 13.060799 13.6875 12.6875 C 16.718701 12.060355 19.36029 10.886006 21.21875 9.4375 C 23.067114 7.9968631 24.272087 6.1533076 23.875 4.21875 C 23.8732 4.20861 23.8769 4.197602 23.875 4.1875 C 23.513143 2.2541955 21.685558 1.0369822 19.4375 0.4375 C 18.307598 0.13619269 17.031654 -0.02489364 15.65625 -0.03125 z M 15.65625 1.96875 C 16.883971 1.97489 18.004902 2.1263073 18.9375 2.375 C 20.802695 2.8723854 21.754612 3.7133252 21.90625 4.5625 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 21.9375 4.625 C 22.12047 5.4788616 21.54154 6.6735055 20 7.875 C 18.45846 9.0764945 16.081299 10.145895 13.3125 10.71875 C 10.546306 11.291066 7.7660826 11.269646 5.8125 10.78125 C 4.8357087 10.537052 4.0847823 10.157122 3.625 9.78125 C 3.3682882 9.5713881 3.1893221 9.3858538 3.09375 9.1875 C 3.0413411 8.9743851 3.0082478 8.7545393 3 8.53125 C 3.0633474 7.4789308 3.7648202 6.2771492 5.1875 5.15625 C 6.6815884 3.9790894 8.91349 2.9489331 11.6875 2.375 C 13.071248 2.0887073 14.428529 1.9626064 15.65625 1.96875 z M 15.96875 3.65625 C 14.93792 3.617106 13.843984 3.69192 12.71875 3.90625 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 12.6875 3.9375 C 9.8940815 4.582135 7.6159262 5.8506824 6.5625 7.5625 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 1 0 8.25 8.625 C 8.7942179 7.740646 10.701734 6.434394 13.09375 5.875 C 13.10453 5.87295 13.11421 5.87702 13.125 5.875 C 15.064267 5.5112859 17.031887 5.6468794 18.03125 6.03125 A 1.0040202 1.0040202 0 0 0 18.75 4.15625 C 17.952461 3.8495042 16.99958 3.6953943 15.96875 3.65625 z M 9.15625 17.59375 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 8.5625 19.25 C 8.5625 19.25 11.033033 22.015963 15.53125 21.90625 A 1.0004882 1.0004882 0 1 0 15.46875 19.90625 C 11.766967 19.996537 10.0625 17.9375 10.0625 17.9375 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 9.15625 17.59375 z M 8.125 20.1875 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 7.40625 21.65625 C 7.40625 21.65625 8.6869767 23.974979 11.65625 24.09375 A 1.001098 1.001098 0 0 0 11.75 22.09375 C 9.7192733 22.012521 9.1875 20.75 9.1875 20.75 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 8.21875 20.1875 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 8.125 20.1875 z M 7.59375 23.0625 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 7.4375 23.09375 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 6.9375 23.34375 C 6.9375 23.34375 6.19375 24 5.09375 24 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 1 0 5.09375 26 C 6.99375 26 8.28125 24.84375 8.28125 24.84375 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 7.59375 23.0625 z" color="#000" ></path></svg>-<br><br></center> <p>Chúng tôi đã thực hiện rất nhiều nghiên cứu về hệ thống giám sát Chất lượng Không khí hiện có ở Châu Phi (và Trung Đông) và kết quả là chỉ có hai quốc gia ở Châu Phi đang cung cấp dữ liệu theo thời gian thực ở Châu Phi: Hai quốc gia đó là <a href='/country/senegal/vn/'>Senegal</a> và <a href='/country/south-africa/vn/'>Nam Phi</a> .</p> <p>May mắn thay, Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới (WHO) đã làm rất tốt việc cung cấp bản kiểm kê cập nhật về Chất lượng Không khí Ngoài trời năm 2014, có sẵn trên <a href='http://www.who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/en/'>who.int/phe/health_topics/outdoorair/en/</a> .</p> <div style='float:right;padding:10px;border:0px solid black;'> <img src='http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9b/UNEP_logo.svg/183px-UNEP_logo.svg.png' width=150> </div> <p>Từ bản kiểm kê của họ, có vẻ như ngoại trừ Cộng hòa <a href='/country/senegal/vn/'>Sénégal</a> và <a href='/country/south-africa/vn/'>Nam Phi</a> mà chúng tôi đã kiểm kê trong dự án Chỉ số Chất lượng Không khí Thế giới, 4 quốc gia khác cũng đang cung cấp số liệu, cụ thể là: Ghana, Liberia, Tanzania và Mauritius.</p> <p>Đáng ngạc nhiên là không có đề cập nào đến <a href='/country/morocco/vn/'>Maroc</a> mà chúng tôi tìm thấy bằng chứng về các trạm giám sát hiện có. Điều ngạc nhiên khác là đối với Kenya, quốc gia nơi đặt trụ sở của <a href='http://unep.org'>Chương trình Môi trường Liên hợp quốc</a> (UNEP). Người ta có thể kỳ vọng rằng UNEP sẽ chủ động thiết lập một <a href='faq/2015-02-23/south-asia-real-time-air-quality-monitoring-project/vn/'>trạm giám sát</a> trên tầng thượng tòa nhà của họ, giống như các cơ quan tư vấn của Hoa Kỳ hiện đang làm trên khắp thế giới.</p> <p>Không phải tất cả các quốc gia được đề cập trong báo cáo của WHO đều cung cấp dữ liệu liên tục: đối với một số quốc gia, việc giám sát là một dự án tạm thời và dữ liệu chỉ có sẵn trong một khoảng thời gian giới hạn. Dù sao đi nữa, ngay sau khi chúng tôi có được dữ liệu từ 4 quốc gia mới, chúng tôi sẽ cập nhật trang web dự án Chỉ số Chất lượng Không khí Thế giới. Trong khi đó, người ta có thể biết được tình trạng Chất lượng Không khí hiện tại bằng bản đồ bên dưới, dựa trên số liệu <a href='/faq/2015-02-15/satellite-air-quality-monitoring-introduction-to-the-nasa-worldview/vn/'>vệ tinh từ xa</a> trung bình hàng ngày theo thời gian thực.</p> <style type="text/css"> table.countrylist { border: 1px solid black; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; border-spacing: 0px; } table.countrylist td { margin: 0px; padding: 3px; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center; border-bottom: dashed 1px #DEDEDE; border-right: solid 1px #DEDEDE; font-size: 15px; } table.countrylist tr:hover { background-color: yellow; } </style> <center> <small> Africa map with PM<sub>2.5</sub> AQI overlay, forecasted on - Markers in <span style='background-color:#0086c8;color:white;padding:2px;'>blue</span> are for Africa, and in <span style='background-color:#c80086;color:white;padding:2px;'>violet</span> for Middle East. </small> </center> <style> #worldmap { height: 380px; } #worldmap canvas.leaflet-heatmap-layer { opacity: .9; } </style> <div style='clear:both'></div> <div id="worldmap_container"> <div style='position: relative'> <div id='worldmap_overlay'></div> <div id='worldmap'></div> </div> </div> <script>function initPage() { countryStats.showForecast({"jsmap":"silam\/glob","geojson":null,"bounds":[[-30,10],[30,22]],"marker":{"geo":"[31.5546, 74.3572]","title":"Lahore"}})}</script> <div class='africa-map-legend'><table class='countrylist' style='height:502px;'><tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-ga' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Ghana<td >Accra - <small style='color:#888;'>4 residential and 1 roadside station in Accra</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-lr' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Liberia<td >Buchanan (rural) - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: rural, 500m away from community, Osris</small> Sanniquellie (rural) - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: rural, within the community, Osiris monitors</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-mu' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Mauritius<td >Beau Bassin/Rose Hill, Coromandel - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: in town of Beau Bassin/Rose Hill</small> Bramsthan, Flacq - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: in Placq (rural)</small> Midlands - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: rural</small> Port Louis - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: urban St Louis city</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-sn' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Senegal<td >Dakar - <small style='color:#888;'>3 stations in capital city: 2 traffic, 1 urban for PM10; 1 station traffic for PM2.5</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-za' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>South Africa<td >Cape Town (urban, total) - <small style='color:#888;'>7 stations: 6 urban (incl regional urban), 1 industrial</small> Durban - <small style='color:#888;'>5 stations: urban, mostly residential</small> Highveld Priority Area Network - <small style='color:#888;'>5 stations: residential</small> Johannesburg - <small style='color:#888;'>6 stations: 2 no info, 3 background, 1 urbna/commercial/industrial</small> Tshwane (Pretoria) (total, urban) - <small style='color:#888;'>6 stations: 3 no info, 3 residential/industrial</small> Vaal Priority Area - <small style='color:#888;'>5 stations: urban, mostly residential</small> Waterberg - <small style='color:#888;'>3 stations: residential</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-tz' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Unit. Rep. of Tanzania<td >Morogoro - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station, 2 measurement (during dry and wet season)</small> </table></div> <script type="text/javascript"> var markers = [{ name: "Morogoro", p: [-6.816667, 37.666667], f: "tz" }, { name: "Accra", p: [5.550000, -0.200000], f: "ga" }, { name: "Buchanan", p: [41.827268, -86.361125], f: "lr" }, { name: "Sanniquellie", p: [7.362222, -8.706111], f: "lr" }, { name: "Port Louis", p: [-20.166667, 57.516667], f: "mu" }, { name: "Dakar", p: [14.764504, -17.366029], f: "sn" }, { name: "Cape Town", p: [-33.924869, 18.424055], f: "za" }, { name: "Durban", p: [-29.858680, 31.021840], f: "za" }, { name: "Johannesburg", p: [-26.204103, 28.047305], f: "za" }, { name: "Tshwane", p: [-25.697550, 28.159079], f: "za" }, { name: "Waterberg", p: [-23.974785, 28.299435], f: "za" }, ]; var markers2 = [{ name: "Kabul", p: [34.533333, 69.166667] }, { name: "Mazar-e Sharif", p: [36.700000, 67.116667] }, { name: "Cairo", p: [30.044420, 31.235712] }, { name: "Ahvaz", p: [31.318327, 48.670619] }, { name: "Khoramabad", p: [33.487778, 48.355833] }, { name: "Tehran", p: [35.696111, 51.423056] }, { name: "Amman", p: [31.956578, 35.945695] }, { name: "Beirut", p: [33.888629, 35.495479] }, { name: "Tripoli", p: [34.4333, 35.8500] }, { name: "Karachi", p: [24.861462, 67.009939] }, { name: "Lahore - Johar Town", p: [31.462198, 74.294221] }, { name: "Peshwar", p: [34.014975, 71.580490] }, { name: "Rawalpindi", p: [33.598394, 73.044135] }, { name: "Hamad Town", p: [26.125644, 50.498036] }, { name: "Hidd", p: [26.212634, 50.674188] }, { name: "Ma'ameer", p: [26.134167, 50.613056] }, { name: "Nabih Saleh", p: [26.182327, 50.584754] }, { name: "Ras Hayan", p: [30.068933, 31.377375] }, { name: "Muscat", p: [23.610000, 58.540000] }, { name: "Al Wakrah", p: [25.176816, 51.604843] }, { name: "Doha", p: [25.291610, 51.530437] }, { name: "Jeddah", p: [21.543333, 39.172778] }, { name: "Abu Dhabi", p: [24.466667, 54.366667] }, { name: "Al Gharbia", p: [30.875356, 31.033510] }, { name: "Al Ain", p: [24.130162, 55.802312] } ]; 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Các quốc gia đã được kiểm kê trong dự án Chỉ số Chất lượng Không khí Thế giới là <a href='/map/uae/vn/'>Các Tiểu vương quốc Ả Rập Thống nhất</a> , <a href='/map/iran/vn/'>Iran</a> , <a href='/country/qatar/vn/'>Qatar</a> và <a href='/country/lebanon/vn/'>Lebanon</a> .</p> <p>Xin lưu ý rằng tại thời điểm viết bài, Hệ thống giám sát chất lượng không khí cho Abu Dhabi / UAE không hoạt động và đã được bảo trì trong vài tháng (kể từ Mùa hè năm 2014). Tuy nhiên, Hệ thống giám sát của Dubai vẫn đang hoạt động.</p> <table class='countrylist' style='height:502px;'><tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-af' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Afghanistan<td >Kabul - ISAF HQ - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: urban</small> Mazar-e Sharif - Camp Northern Lights - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: urban outskirts</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-eg' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Egypt<td >Cairo - <small style='color:#888;'>48 stations (8 industrial, 9 urban, 5 residential, 10 traffic, 4 remote, 12 mixed)</small> Delta cities - <small style='color:#888;'>13 stations (4 industrial, 4 urban, 2 residential, 1 remote, 2 mixed)</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-ir' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Iran<td >Ahvaz - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station (residential)</small> Khoramabad - <small style='color:#888;'>8 stations, covering the metropolis area</small> Tehran - <small style='color:#888;'>7 stations with valid data: no information given about sites</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-jo' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Jordan<td >Amman - <small style='color:#888;'>4 stations: 2 high and 2 low pollution areas</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-lb' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Lebanon<td >Beirut - <small style='color:#888;'>3 stations in 1 city</small> Tripoli - <small style='color:#888;'>01/2008-06/2008 (6 months)</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-pk' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Pakistan<td >Karachi - <small style='color:#888;'>3 stations in various location: 1 unknown, 1 industrial/residential, 1 commercial/residential</small> Lahore - Johar Town - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: residential</small> Peshwar - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: N/A</small> Rawalpindi - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: residential</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-bh' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Bahrain<td >Hamad Town - <small style='color:#888;'>1 Residential urban station</small> Hidd - <small style='color:#888;'>1 Residential urban station</small> Ma'ameer - <small style='color:#888;'>1 Residential Industrial station (Mixed)</small> Nabih Saleh - <small style='color:#888;'>1 Urban background station</small> Ras Hayan - <small style='color:#888;'>1 Rural background station</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-om' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Oman<td >Muscat - <small style='color:#888;'>4 stations in 1 city: 1 commercial, 2 industrial, 1 unknown</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-qa' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Qatar<td >Al Wakrah - <small style='color:#888;'>Mobile Station</small> Doha - <small style='color:#888;'>3 stations</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-sa' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>Saudi Arabia<td >Jeddah - <small style='color:#888;'>7 stations: 3 residential, 3 urban and 1 suburban</small> <tr><td><div class='img-thumbnail flag flag-icon-background flag-icon-ae' style='width:32px;height:32px;display:inline-block;'></div><td>United Arab Emirates<td >Abu Dhabi - <small style='color:#888;'>2 stations: 2 urban/residential</small> Al Ain - Urban/ Residential -Al Ain School - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: urban/residential</small> Al Gharbia - Biya Zayed - <small style='color:#888;'>1 station: no information given</small> </table> <center><br>-<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28" height="28" version="1" viewBox="0 0 26 26" enable-background="new 0 0 26 26"><path d="M 15.65625 -0.03125 C 14.280846 -0.03760636 12.828752 0.09254274 11.3125 0.40625 C 8.28651 1.0323169 5.7746616 2.1709106 3.96875 3.59375 C 2.3885774 4.8387345 1.3097647 6.3321654 1.0625 7.96875 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 1 8.40625 C 1 8.4709766 0.99753847 8.5296394 1 8.59375 C 0.99939321 8.6245955 1 8.6565744 1 8.6875 C 1.0067678 8.8049913 1.0164368 8.9159604 1.03125 9.03125 C 1.0536237 9.2185949 1.1014372 9.4156735 1.15625 9.59375 C 1.4590854 10.826485 2.2046296 11.91918 3.21875 12.78125 C 4.0779092 13.511593 5.1369309 14.083861 6.3125 14.53125 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 6.53125 14.9375 C 8.1339345 16.910035 12.101162 19.118434 18.1875 18.59375 A 1.0043849 1.0043849 0 0 0 18 16.59375 C 14.906411 16.860439 12.500325 16.269357 10.78125 15.5 C 14.30154 15.772761 18.245209 15.070028 21.71875 12.96875 A 1.0021949 1.0021949 0 1 0 20.6875 11.25 C 16.887924 13.548509 12.317006 14.000584 8.78125 13.21875 C 8.6725971 13.194724 8.5753958 13.151278 8.46875 13.125 C 10.108287 13.189898 11.88322 13.060799 13.6875 12.6875 C 16.718701 12.060355 19.36029 10.886006 21.21875 9.4375 C 23.067114 7.9968631 24.272087 6.1533076 23.875 4.21875 C 23.8732 4.20861 23.8769 4.197602 23.875 4.1875 C 23.513143 2.2541955 21.685558 1.0369822 19.4375 0.4375 C 18.307598 0.13619269 17.031654 -0.02489364 15.65625 -0.03125 z M 15.65625 1.96875 C 16.883971 1.97489 18.004902 2.1263073 18.9375 2.375 C 20.802695 2.8723854 21.754612 3.7133252 21.90625 4.5625 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 21.9375 4.625 C 22.12047 5.4788616 21.54154 6.6735055 20 7.875 C 18.45846 9.0764945 16.081299 10.145895 13.3125 10.71875 C 10.546306 11.291066 7.7660826 11.269646 5.8125 10.78125 C 4.8357087 10.537052 4.0847823 10.157122 3.625 9.78125 C 3.3682882 9.5713881 3.1893221 9.3858538 3.09375 9.1875 C 3.0413411 8.9743851 3.0082478 8.7545393 3 8.53125 C 3.0633474 7.4789308 3.7648202 6.2771492 5.1875 5.15625 C 6.6815884 3.9790894 8.91349 2.9489331 11.6875 2.375 C 13.071248 2.0887073 14.428529 1.9626064 15.65625 1.96875 z M 15.96875 3.65625 C 14.93792 3.617106 13.843984 3.69192 12.71875 3.90625 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 12.6875 3.9375 C 9.8940815 4.582135 7.6159262 5.8506824 6.5625 7.5625 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 1 0 8.25 8.625 C 8.7942179 7.740646 10.701734 6.434394 13.09375 5.875 C 13.10453 5.87295 13.11421 5.87702 13.125 5.875 C 15.064267 5.5112859 17.031887 5.6468794 18.03125 6.03125 A 1.0040202 1.0040202 0 0 0 18.75 4.15625 C 17.952461 3.8495042 16.99958 3.6953943 15.96875 3.65625 z M 9.15625 17.59375 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 8.5625 19.25 C 8.5625 19.25 11.033033 22.015963 15.53125 21.90625 A 1.0004882 1.0004882 0 1 0 15.46875 19.90625 C 11.766967 19.996537 10.0625 17.9375 10.0625 17.9375 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 9.15625 17.59375 z M 8.125 20.1875 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 7.40625 21.65625 C 7.40625 21.65625 8.6869767 23.974979 11.65625 24.09375 A 1.001098 1.001098 0 0 0 11.75 22.09375 C 9.7192733 22.012521 9.1875 20.75 9.1875 20.75 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 8.21875 20.1875 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 8.125 20.1875 z M 7.59375 23.0625 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 7.4375 23.09375 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 6.9375 23.34375 C 6.9375 23.34375 6.19375 24 5.09375 24 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 1 0 5.09375 26 C 6.99375 26 8.28125 24.84375 8.28125 24.84375 A 1.0001 1.0001 0 0 0 7.59375 23.0625 z" color="#000" ></path></svg>-<br><br></center> <script src="/jscripts/handsontable/handsontable.full.min.js"></script> <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="/jscripts/handsontable/handsontable.full.min.css"> <br> <br> <center> Extract of the World Health Organization <a href='http://www.who.int/entity/quantifying_ehimpacts/national/countryprofile/aap_pm_database_may2014.xls?ua=1' target=_xls> Ambient (outdoor) air pollution in cities database </a> <br> <br> </center> <div id="aap-pm-db" style='border:1px solid black;font-size:12px;max-width: 100%;'>...</div> <script> function initPage2() { var data = [["Afr","AfrD","Ghana","Accra","98","2008","","49","2008","","4 residential and 1 roadside station in Accra","NA","Dionisio KL, Arku RE, Hughes AF, et al. Air pollution in Accra neighborhoods: spatial, socioeconomic, and temporal patterns. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010;44(7):2270-2276. \u00a0","",""],["Afr","AfrD","Liberia","Buchanan (rural)","66","2009","","9","2009","","1 station: rural, 500m away from community, Osris","54%","Nimba Western Area Iron Ore Concentrator Mining Project, Environmental and Social impact assessment, March 2014","N\/A","N\/A"],["Afr","AfrD","Liberia","Sanniquellie (rural)","52","2009","","10","2009","","1 station: rural, within the community, Osiris monitors","60%","Nimba Western Area Iron Ore Concentrator Mining Project, Environmental and Social impact assessment, March 2013","N\/A","N\/A"],["Afr","AfrD","Mauritius","Beau Bassin\/Rose Hill, Coromandel","131","2011","","66","","3","1 station: in town of Beau Bassin\/Rose Hill","2 months","Environment Statistics 2011, Government of Mauritius","N\/A","N\/A"],["Afr","AfrD","Mauritius","Bramsthan, Flacq","37","2010","","19","","3","1 station: in Placq (rural)","2 months","Environment Statistics 2010, Government of Mauritius","N\/A","N\/A"],["Afr","AfrD","Mauritius","Midlands","20","2011","","10","","3","1 station: rural","2 months","Environment Statistics 2011, Government of Mauritius","N\/A","N\/A"],["Afr","AfrD","Mauritius","Port Louis","22","2010","","11","","3","1 station: urban St Louis city","2 months","Environment Statistics 2010, Government of Mauritius","N\/A","N\/A"],["Afr","AfrD","Senegal","Dakar","179","2012","","40","2012","","3 stations in capital city: 2 traffic, 1 urban for PM10; 1 station traffic for PM2.5","NA","R\u00e9publique du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal, Minist\u00e8re de l'Environnement, Suivi de la qualit\u00e9 de l'air \u00e0 Dakar.","",""],["Afr","AfrE","South Africa","Cape Town (urban, total)","30","2011","","16","","3","7 stations: 6 urban (incl regional urban), 1 industrial","12 months","2012 State of Air Report and National Air Quality Indicator Session 1.4 - SAAQIS, from the 7th Lekgota on Air Quality Governance","",""],["Afr","AfrE","South Africa","Durban","26","2012","","14","","3","5 stations: urban, mostly residential","12 months","South African Air Quality Information System, data received upon request (July 2013)","",""],["Afr","AfrE","South Africa","Highveld Priority Area Network","51","2012","","24","2012","","5 stations: residential","12 months","South African Air Quality Information System, data received upon request (July 2013)","",""],["Afr","AfrE","South Africa","Johannesburg","98","2011","","51","","3","6 stations: 2 no info, 3 background, 1 urbna\/commercial\/industrial","12 months","2012 State of Air Report and National Air Quality Indicator Session 1.4 - SAAQIS, from the 7th Lekgota on Air Quality Governance","",""],["Afr","AfrE","South Africa","Tshwane (Pretoria) (total, urban)","59","2012","","31","","3","6 stations: 3 no info, 3 residential\/industrial","12 months","South African Air Quality Information System, data received upon request (July 2013)","",""],["Afr","AfrE","South Africa","Vaal Priority Area ","62","2012","","32","2012","","5 stations: urban, mostly residential","12 months","South African Air Quality Information System, data received upon request (July 2013)","",""],["Afr","AfrE","South Africa","Waterberg","48","2012","","11","2012","","3 stations: residential","12 months","South African Air Quality Information System, data received upon request (July 2013)","",""],["Afr","AfrE","Unit. Rep. of Tanzania","Morogoro","35","2011","","23","2011","","1 station, 2 measurement (during dry and wet season)","33 days","Mkoma, Stelyus L., et al. \"Characteristics of Low-Molecular Weight Carboxylic Acids in PM2. 5 and PM10 Ambient Aerosols From Tanzania.\" (2012).","06\u00b047'41S\"","37\u00b037'44\"E"],["Emr","EmrD","Afghanistan","Kabul - ISAF HQ","260","2009","","86","2009","","1 station: urban","14 days","Magnusson et al., Broad Exposure Screening of Air Pollutants in the Occupational Environment of Swedish Soldiers Deployed in Afghanistan; MILITARY MEDICINE, 177, 3:318, 2012","",""],["Emr","EmrD","Afghanistan","Mazar-e Sharif - Camp Northern Lights ","334","2009","","68","2009","","1 station: urban outskirts","14 days","Magnusson et al., Broad Exposure Screening of Air Pollutants in the Occupational Environment of Swedish Soldiers Deployed in Afghanistan; MILITARY MEDICINE, 177, 3:318, 2012","",""],["Emr","EmrD","Egypt","Cairo","135","2011","","73","","3","48 stations (8 industrial, 9 urban, 5 residential, 10 traffic, 4 remote, 12 mixed)"," ","State of the Environment Report 2011 in Arabic","",""],["Emr","EmrD","Egypt","Delta cities","140","2011","","76","","3","13 stations (4 industrial, 4 urban, 2 residential, 1 remote, 2 mixed)"," ","State of the Environment Report 2011 in Arabic","",""],["Emr","EmrB","Iran","Ahvaz","320","2010","","70","2010","","1 station (residential)","6 months","\"Shahsavani et al., The evaluation of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 concentrations during the Middle Eastern"],["Emr","EmrB","Iran","Khoramabad","121","2010","","102","2010","","8 stations, covering the metropolis area","11 months","\"Mirhosseini et al., Analysis of Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5)"],["Emr","EmrB","Iran","Tehran","91","2010","","30","","3","7 stations with valid data: no information given about sites","12 months","\"Naddafi et al., Health impact assessment of air pollution in"],["Emr","EmrB","Jordan","Amman","128","2010","","48","","3","4 stations: 2 high and 2 low pollution areas","54 days","\"Alnawaiseh et al., Relationship Between Vehicle"],["Emr","EmrB","Lebanon","Beirut","63","2010","","20","2010","","3 stations in 1 city","1 year, sampled every 6th day","R. Massoud et al., Atmospheric Research 101 (2011), 893-901","",""],["Emr","EmrB","Lebanon","Tripoli","81","2008","","29","2008","","01\/2008-06\/2008 (6 months)",""," Tripoli Environment and Development Observatory (TEDO) ","",""],["Emr","EmrD","Pakistan","Karachi ","273","2010","","117","2010","","3 stations in various location: 1 unknown, 1 industrial\/residential, 1 commercial\/residential","2 months","Alam K, et al. Aerosol size distribution and mass concentration measurements in various cities of Pakistan, J. Environ. Monit., 2011, 13, 1944","",""],["Emr","EmrD","Pakistan","Lahore - Johar Town","198","2010","","68","2010","","1 station: residential","2 months","Alam K, et al. Aerosol size distribution and mass concentration measurements in various cities of Pakistan, J. Environ. Monit., 2011, 13, 1944","",""],["Emr","EmrD","Pakistan","Peshwar","540","2010","","111","2010","","1 station: N\/A","2 months","Alam K, et al. Aerosol size distribution and mass concentration measurements in various cities of Pakistan, J. Environ. Monit., 2011, 13, 1944","",""],["Emr","EmrD","Pakistan","Rawalpindi","448","2010","","107","2010","","1 station: residential","2 months","Alam K, et al. Aerosol size distribution and mass concentration measurements in various cities of Pakistan, J. Environ. Monit., 2011, 13, 1944","",""],["EmrHI","EmrB","Bahrain","Hamad Town","318","2012","","66","2012","","1 Residential urban station","86%","Supreme Council of Environment, 2013.","N 26 05.031","E 50 30.588"],["EmrHI","EmrB","Bahrain","Hidd","178","2012","","41","2012","","1 Residential urban station","99%","Supreme Council of Environment, 2013.","N 26 14.109","E 50 39.569"],["EmrHI","EmrB","Bahrain","Ma'ameer","257","2012","","64","2012","","1 Residential Industrial station (Mixed)","96%","Supreme Council of Environment, 2013.","N 26 08.162","E 50 36.376"],["EmrHI","EmrB","Bahrain","Nabih Saleh","244","2012","","58","2012","","1 Urban background station","93%","Supreme Council of Environment, 2013.","N 26 11.359","E 50 35.057"],["EmrHI","EmrB","Bahrain","Ras Hayan","250","2012","","44","2012","","1 Rural background station","100%","Supreme Council of Environment, 2013.","N 26 02.395","E 50 37.494"],["EmrHI","EmrB","Oman","Muscat","82","2008-2010","","31","","3","4 stations in 1 city: 1 commercial, 2 industrial, 1 unknown","100%","Ministry of Environment and Climate Change","",""],["EmrHI","EmrB","Qatar","Al Wakrah","152","2012","","85","2012","","Mobile Station","66%","International Health Relations\/ Supreme Council for Health","",""],["EmrHI","EmrB","Qatar","Doha","168","2012","","93","2012","","3 stations","93%","International Health Relations\/ Supreme Council for Health","",""],["EmrHI","EmrB","Saudi Arabia","Jeddah","87","2011","","28","2011","","7 stations: 3 residential, 3 urban and 1 suburban","about 12 days","Khoedir M, Source apportionment and elemental composition of PM2.5 and PM10 in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia, Atmospheric Pollution Research 3 (2012) 331_340","",""],["EmrHI","EmrB","United Arab Emirates","Abu Dhabi","170","2011","","64","","3","2 stations: 2 urban\/residential","Calcuated annual mean","Environmental Statistics 2011, SCAD","",""],["EmrHI","EmrB","United Arab Emirates","Al Ain - Urban\/ Residential -Al Ain School","138","2011","","52","","3","1 station: urban\/residential","Calcuated annual mean","Environmental Statistics 2011, SCAD","",""],["EmrHI","EmrB","United Arab Emirates","Al Gharbia - Biya Zayed","171","2011","","64","","3","1 station: no information given","Calcuated annual mean","Environmental Statistics 2011, SCAD","",""],["Sear","SearD","Bangladesh","Barisal","160","2013","","77","2013","","1 station","8 months","Monthly Air Quality Monitoring Report, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People\u2019s Republic of Bangladesh","",""],["Sear","SearD","Bangladesh","Chittagong","132","2013","","66","2013","","2 stations","8 months","Monthly Air Quality Monitoring Report, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People\u2019s Republic of Bangladesh","",""],["Sear","SearD","Bangladesh","Dhaka","180","2013","","86","2013","","3 stations, urban\/residential","8 months","Monthly Air Quality Monitoring Report, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People\u2019s Republic of Bangladesh and Spatial Distribution of PM concentrations in Dhaka City (January 2011-June 2012), Clean Air and Sustainable Environment Project, August 2012","",""],["Sear","SearD","Bangladesh","Gazipur","166","2013","","87","2013","","1 station","8 months","Monthly Air Quality Monitoring Report, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People\u2019s Republic of Bangladesh","",""],["Sear","SearD","Bangladesh","Khulna","102","2013","","70","2013","","1 station","8 months","Monthly Air Quality Monitoring Report, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People\u2019s Republic of Bangladesh","",""],["Sear","SearD","Bangladesh","Narayonganj","181","2013","","89","2013","","1 station","8 months","Monthly Air Quality Monitoring Report, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People\u2019s Republic of Bangladesh","",""],["Sear","SearD","Bangladesh","Rajshahi","195","2013","","70","2013","","1 station","6 months","Monthly Air Quality Monitoring Report, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People\u2019s Republic of Bangladesh","",""],["Sear","SearD","Bangladesh","Sylhet","112","2013","","63","2013","","1 station","8 months","Monthly Air Quality Monitoring Report, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of the People\u2019s Republic of Bangladesh","",""],["Sear","SearD","Bhutan","Thimpu","23","2011","","10","","3","1 station: urban background","NA","SAARC Development Goals, Mid-Term Review Report, 2011","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Agra","200","2010","","88","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Ahmedabad","67","2011","","100","2013","","4 stations, residential and others (pm10); 1 station (PM2.5)","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Aizawl","55","2012","","24","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Alappuzha","46","2012","","20","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Allahabad","202","2010","","88","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Alwar","86","2011","","38","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Amravati","97","2010","","43","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Amritsar","210","2012","","92","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Angul","91","2011","","40","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Anklesvar","71","2010","","31","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Aurangabad","107","2010","","47","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Balasore","57","2011","","25","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Bangalore","103","2010","","45","","3","3 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Berhampur","61","2012","","27","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Bhilai","81","2012","","35","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Bhopal","171","2012","","75","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Bhubaneshwar","85","2012","","37","","3","3 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Bongaigaon","46","2012","","20","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Chandigarh","105","2012","","46","","3","4 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Chandrapur","174","2010","","76","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Chennai","55","2010","","24","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Coimbatore","66","2011","","29","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Cuttack","68","2012","","30","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Dawki (rural)","52","2011","","23","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Dehradun","175","2011","","77","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Delhi","286","2010","","153","2013","","5 stations, residential and others (PM10); 6 stations (PM2.5)","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Dera Baba Nanak","68","2012","","30","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Dewas","97","2012","","43","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Dibrugarh","56","2012","","25","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Dimapur","92","2011","","40","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Durgapur","110","2009","","48","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Firozabad","219","2010","","96","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Gobindgarh","159","2012","","69","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Golaghat","55","2012","","24","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Gulbarga","64","2010","","28","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Guntur ","75","2012","","33","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Guwahati","92","2012","","40","","3","6 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Gwalior","329","2012","","144","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Hassan","44","2010","","19","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Hisar","72","2011","","32","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Howrah","108","2009","","47","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Hyderabad","87","2012","","38","","3","4 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Indore","122","2012","","53","","3","3 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Jaipur","155","2012","","68","","3","4 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Jalandhar","128","2012","","56","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Jammu","127","2010","","56","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Jamnagar","104","2010","","46","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Jhansi","113","2012","","50","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Jodhpur","196","2012","","86","","3","4 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kakinada ","58","2012","","25","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kanpur","212","2010","","93","","3","3 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Khammam ","64","2012","","28","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Khanna","200","2012","","88","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Khurja","154","2011","","67","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kochi","64","2012","","28","","3","4 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kohima","64","2011","","28","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kolhapur","81","2010","","35","","3","3 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kolkata","97","2009-2010","","43","","3","6 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kollam","39","2012","","17","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Korba","114","2012","","50","","3","3 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kota","146","2012","","64","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kottayam","55","2012","","24","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kozhikode","57","2012","","25","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Kurnool ","74","2012","","32","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Lucknow","219","2010","","96","","3","4 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Ludhiana","207","2012","","91","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Madurai","46","2011","","20","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Mahad","109","2010","","48","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Margherita","54","2012","","24","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Meerut","126","2010","","55","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Mumbai","136","2010","","45","2012","","2 stations, residential and others (PM10); 1 station (PM2.5)","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Nagaon","79","2012","","35","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Nagda","114","2012","","50","","3","3 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Nagpur","118","2010","","51","","3","4 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Nahan","110","2012","","48","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Nalbari","82","2012","","36","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Nalgonda ","78","2012","","34","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Nashik","103","2010","","45","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Navi Mumbai","104","2010","","45","","3","4 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Naya Nangal","96","2012","","42","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Nellore","63","2012","","28","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Noida","133","2012","","58","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","North Lakhimpur Town","72","2012","","32","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Panaji","116","2012","","51","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Parwanoo","70","2011","","31","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Patancheru","109","2012","","48","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Pathanamthitta","23","2012","","10","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Patiala","91","2012","","40","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Patna","164","2011","","149","2013","","2 stations, residential and others (PM10); 1 station (PM2.5)","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Pondicherry","39","2009","","17","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Pune","134","2010","","59","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Raipur","305","2012","","134","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Rajkot","75","2010","","33","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Ramagundam","83","2012","","36","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Rayagada","62","2012","","27","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Rishikesh","103","2011","","45","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Roha","121","2010","","53","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Rourkela","104","2011","","46","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Salem","61","2011","","27","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Sambalpur","60","2012","","26","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Sangli","91","2010","","40","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Satna","99","2011","","43","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Shillong","78","2011","","34","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Shimla","68","2011","","30","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Sibsagar","109","2012","","48","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Silchar","91","2012","","40","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Singrauli","60","2012","","26","","3","3 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Solapur","80","2010","","35","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Surat","94","2012","","41","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Tezpur","69","2012","","30","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Thane","49","2010","","21","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Thoothukudi","92","2011","","40","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Thrissur","73","2012","","32","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Tinsukia","57","2012","","25","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Trivandrum","52","2012","","23","","3","3 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Tura","57","2011","","25","","3","1 station: residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Udaipur","143","2011","","62","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Ujjain","60","2012","","26","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Vadodara","65","2010","","28","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Vapi","74","2010","","32","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Varanasi","126","2010","","55","","3","2 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Vijayawada","95","2012","","42","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Visikhapatnam","79","2012","","35","","3","4 stations, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearD","India","Warangal","64","2012","","28","","3","1 station, residential and others","NA","Central Pollution Control Board India, Environmental Data Bank","",""],["Sear","SearB","Indonesia","Jakarta","48","2010","","21","","3","NA","NA","Cities Act, Clear Air Asia Database","",""],["Sear","SearD","Maldives","Male - Friday Mosque Station","20","2011","","9","","3","1 station: no information given","5 days December","EPA Maldives, http:\/\/epa.gov.mv.","",""],["Sear","SearD ","Myanmar","Mandalay","69","2008","","30","","3","2 stations, urban and residential","1 month, January","A New Decade in Sustainable Transport, Myanmar EST Presentation, 5th EST","",""],["Sear","SearD","Nepal","Kathmandu","114","2008","","50","","3","NA","NA","Clean Air Asia, Cities Act, 2013.","",""],["Sear","SearB","Sri Lanka","Colombo","64","2010","","28","","3","1 station: urban","12 months","Cities Act, Clear Air Asia Database","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Ayutthaya","","","","35","2012","","1 station","","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Bangkok","38","2012","","20","","3","9 stations","66%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Chachoengsao","27","2012","","14","","3","1 station","90%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Chiang Mai","42","2012","","22","","3","2 stations","95%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Chiang Rai","70","2012","","37","","3","2 stations","98%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Chon Buri","21","2012","","11","","3","1 station","90%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Khon Kaen","36","2012","","19","","3","1 station","82%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Lampang","57","2012","","30","","3","4 stations","76%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Lamphun","47","2012","","25","","3","1 station","97%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Loei","38","2012","","20","","3","1 station","72%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Mae Hong Son","44","2012","","23","","3","1 station","93%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Nakhon Ratchasima","55","2012","","29","","3","1 station","98%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Nakhon Sawan","38","2012","","20","","3","1 station","89%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Nan","44","2012","","23","","3","1 station","100%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Narathiwat","33","2012","","18","","3","1 station","85%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Nonthaburi ","34","2012","","18","","3","2 stations","91%","Bangkok Ambient Annual Summary of Air Quality Data","",""],["Sear","SearB","Thailand","Pathum Thani","47","2012","","25","","3","1 station","41%","Bangkok 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style='border-top: 1px solid #ccc;padding:20px 0;border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;'><style>#gaia-section-banner {word-break: break-word;cursor: pointer;font-size: 18px;line-height: 1.6;font-family: "Noto Serif", Cambria, "Palatino Linotype", "Book Antiqua", "URW Palladio L", serif;text-align: center;word-break: break-all;margin: 0;padding: 0px;min-height: 0px;width: auto;max-width: 100%;text-align: center;word-break: break-word;transition: height .5s ease;overflow-y: hidden;}#gaia-section-banner>div>div {width: 33%;/* max-width: 420px; */}#gaia-section-banner a {background-color: rgba(0, 134, 200, .8);color: white;border-radius: 25px;border: none;padding: 8px 20px;margin-left: 18px;line-height: 1.42;}#gaia-section-banner>div {display: flex;align-items: center;justify-content: center;}#gaia-section-banner a div {font-size: 80%;white-space: nowrap;}#gaia-section-banner>div>img {height: 88px;}@media screen and (max-width: 700px) {#gaia-section-banner {text-align: center;height: 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{o.style.display = '';o.style.visibility = 'visible';o.onclick = function() {window.location.assign('/gaia/list/vn/');}}}).catch(function(e) {});} catch (e) {}</script></center><center style='background-color: #ffffff;padding:20px 0;'><ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-0281575029452656" data-ad-slot="2455076269" data-ad-format="auto"></ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});</script></center><center style='padding:10px 0;border-top: 1px solid #ccc;'><div class='section-content' style='min-height:0;'><script>var i18nTexts=(i18nTexts||[]);i18nTexts.push({"wa.KqlOlZrllRNJ+7u88XlbL2RQFwo=":"R\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc.. \u0110\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i. 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Số đông không có nguy cơ bị tác động.</td></tr><tr style="background-color:#cc0033;"><td class='aqiwtxt' nowrap="true">151-200</td><td class='aqiwtxt'>Có hại cho sức khỏe</td><td class='aqiwtxt'>Mỗi người đều có thể sẽ chịu tác động đến sức khỏe; nhóm người nhạy cảm có thể bị ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng hơn.</td></tr><tr style="background-color:#660099;"><td class='aqiwtxt' nowrap="true">201-300</td><td class='aqiwtxt'>Rất có hại cho sức khỏe</td><td class='aqiwtxt'>Cảnh báo nguy hại sức khỏe nghiêm trọng. Đa số mọi người đều bị ảnh hưởng.</td></tr><tr style="background-color:#7e0023;"><td class='aqiwtxt' nowrap="true">300+</td><td class='aqiwtxt'>Nguy hiểm</td><td class='aqiwtxt'>Cảnh báo sức khỏe: tất cả mọi người có thể chịu tác động nghiêm trọng đến sức khỏe</td></tr></table></div><br>Để biết thêm về ô nhiễm và chất lượng không khí , xem <a href='http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_quality'> wikipedia chất lượng không khí</a> đang đề hoặc <a href='http://www.airnow.gov/index.cfm?action=aqibasics.aqi'> hướng dẫn về chất lượng không khí và sức khỏe của bạn </a>.<br><br>Để biết những lời khuyên về sức khỏe rất hữu ích của bác sĩ y khoa Richard Saint Cyr ở Bắc Kinh, xem <a href='http://www.myhealthbeijing.com/'> www.myhealthbeijing.com </a> blog.<br><br></center></div></div></div><center><br><ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block"data-ad-client="ca-pub-0281575029452656"data-ad-slot="2455076269"data-ad-format="auto"></ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});</script><style type='text/css'>.usage-notice {line-height:1.5;max-width:95%;width:1000px;margin-top:10px;padding:5px;font-size: 15px;background-color:#ffffff;text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px white;-webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 8px -3px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);}</style><div class="textshadowwhite usage-notice" style=''><b>Thông báo sử dụng</b>: Tất cả dữ liệu chất lượng không khí không được xác thực tại thời điểm công bố. Nhằm đảm bảo chất lượng, những dữ liệu này có thể được cập nhập mà không cần thông báo trước. Nhóm dự án Chỉ số chất lượng không khí toàn cầu đã thực hiện tất cả yêu cầu cần thiết trong việc biên soạn các thông tin này. Nhóm dự án hoặc các bên liên quan sẽ không chịu trách nhiệm về bất kỳ tổn thất, thương tích hoặc thiệt hại nào phát sinh trực tiếp hoặc gián tiếp từ việc cung cấp những dữ liệu này trong bất kỳ trường hợp nào.</div><br><br><br></center><div id="fixed-footer-marker" class="locked"></div><div id="floating-footer" class="footer-overlay floating-footer-overlay footer"></div><div id="fixed-footer" class="footer"><div id="footer-overlay" class="footer-overlay"></div><br><br><center><div id='fixed-footer-menu-buttons-with-text' style='max-width:80%;margin-bottom:20px;display:none;'><a href='javascript:go2home();' class='menubar-text'><div class='fixed-menubar-button'><div class='sprite-isprt-web-home'></div>Trang Chủ</div></a> <a href='/here/vn/' class='menubar-text'><div class='fixed-menubar-button'><div class='sprite-isprt-web-geofencing'></div>Here</div></a> <a href='/map/world/vn/' class='menubar-text'><div class='fixed-menubar-button'><div class='sprite-isprt-web-globe'></div>bản 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việc duy trì, đo lường và cung cấp thông tin về Chất lượng Không khí cho công dân thế giới</a></li><li><a href='http://www.maxmind.com' target=_>Sản phẩm này bao gồm dữ liệu GeoLite2 do MaxMind tạo, có sẵn trên maxmind.com.</a><li><a href='http://geonames.org' target=_>Sản phẩm này bao gồm thông tin thành phố GeoNames, có sẵn từ geonames.org.</a><li><a href="http://openweathermap.org/" target="__s">Mở Bản đồ thời tiết, kết hợp với thuật toán cải tiến qweather™</a><li><a href='http://wxqa.com' target="__s">Chương trình quan sát thời tiết công dân</a> via <a href='https://cwop.waqi.info' target="__s">cwop.waqi.info</a><li><a href="http://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/" target="__s">Chứa thông tin dịch vụ giám sát khí quyển Copernicus đã sửa đổi</a><li><a href="https://www.flaticon.com/" target="__s" title="Flaticon">Một số biểu tượng do Freepik tạo từ www.flaticon.com</a><li><a href="https://locationiq.com/" target="__s" title="location IQ">Mã hóa địa lý ngược bởi locationiq.com</a><li><a 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Vui l\u00f2ng th\u1eed l\u1ea1i sau.","wa.ds6QyCdIOHG4hhIEHD2rFqI\/WwI=":"\u0110\u0103ng k\u00fd danh s\u00e1ch g\u1eedi th\u01b0 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o khi c\u00f3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft m\u1edbi.","wa.Xi+TKw0nK3I5533XVrPPC2U4EGA=":"email c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n","wa.P6QFTyFPD4Bj2PtEU75l1GDj4ww=":"n\u1ed9p","wa.FoXcvD6sGbwj\/zOhqhL39XuXQsA=":"Vui l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ee3i trong khi \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd email c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n"})</script><script src='/webapp/dist/mailing-dyn.b37d52498ecc6e0dde16.js?_=1737642178' type='text/javascript'></script></div><center style='clear:both;'><br><small>This page has been generated on Saturday, Feb 15th 2025, 08:02 am CST from jp2n</small><br><small><span id='gentime'></span></small><br><br></center><br><br></div><div id='settingsdiv-outer'><div id='settingsdiv'><div onclick='settingsMenu.close()'><svg height="24px" viewBox="0 0 512 512" width="24px" style='float:right;fill:white;'><path d="M74.966,437.013c-99.97-99.97-99.97-262.065,0-362.037c100.002-99.97,262.066-99.97,362.067,0 c99.971,99.971,99.971,262.067,0,362.037C337.032,536.998,174.968,536.998,74.966,437.013z M391.782,120.227 c-75.001-74.985-196.564-74.985-271.534,0c-75.001,74.985-75.001,196.55,0,271.535c74.97,74.986,196.533,74.986,271.534,0 C466.754,316.775,466.754,195.212,391.782,120.227z M188.124,369.137l-45.251-45.266l67.876-67.877l-67.876-67.876l45.251-45.267 L256,210.743l67.877-67.892l45.25,45.267l-67.876,67.876l67.876,67.877l-45.25,45.266L256,301.245L188.124,369.137z" /></svg><h2>Cài đặt</h2></div><br><center><div id='settings-lang'>Cài đặt ngôn ngữ:<br><div class='sprite-isprt-web-gb flag'></div><div class='sprite-isprt-web-cn flag'></div><div class='sprite-isprt-web-jp flag'></div><div class='sprite-isprt-web-kr flag'></div><div class='sprite-isprt-web-pl flag'></div><br><select onchange='location.href = this.value'><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east/' >English</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//cn' >简体中文 - 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Portuguese</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//vn' selected>Tiếng Việt - Vietnamese</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//it' >Italiano - Italian</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//id' >bahasa Indonesia - Indonesian</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//nl' >Nederlands - Dutch</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//fa' >فارسی - Persian</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//th' >ภาษาไทย - Thai</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//hu' >Magyar - Hungarian</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//el' >Ελληνικά - Greek</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//ro' >Română - Romanian</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//bg' >български - Bulgarian</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//ur' >اردو - Urdu</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//hi' >हिंदी - Hindi</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//ar' >العربية - Arabic</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//sr' >Српски - Serbian</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//bn' >বাংলা - Bangla</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//bs' >босански - Bosnian</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//hr' >hrvatski - Croatian</option><option value='https://aqicn.org/faq/2015-04-08/air-quality-in-africa-and-middle-east//tr' >Türkçe - 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