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Teorban – Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia

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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Ostatnie zmiany</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Strona_g%C5%82%C3%B3wna" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="wolna encyklopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-pl.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Szukaj" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Przeszukaj Wikipedię [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Szukaj</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Przeszukaj Wikipedię" aria-label="Przeszukaj Wikipedię" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Przeszukaj Wikipedię [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Specjalna:Szukaj"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Szukaj</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Narzędzia osobiste"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Zmień rozmiar czcionki, szerokość oraz kolorystykę strony" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wygląd" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wygląd</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&amp;wmf_medium=sidebar&amp;wmf_campaign=pl.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=pl" class=""><span>Wspomóż Wikipedię</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Utw%C3%B3rz_konto&amp;returnto=Teorban" title="Zachęcamy do stworzenia konta i zalogowania, ale nie jest to obowiązkowe." class=""><span>Utwórz konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Zaloguj&amp;returnto=Teorban" title="Zachęcamy do zalogowania się, choć nie jest to obowiązkowe. 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Zaloguj się</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Strony dla anonimowych edytorów <a href="/wiki/Pomoc:Pierwsze_kroki" aria-label="Dowiedz się więcej na temat edytowania"><span>dowiedz się więcej</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:M%C3%B3j_wk%C5%82ad" title="Lista edycji wykonanych z tego adresu IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Edycje</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Moja_dyskusja" title="Dyskusja użytkownika dla tego adresu IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Teorban</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 31 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Теорба – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Теорба" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiorba" title="Tiorba – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tiorba" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theorba" title="Theorba – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Theorba" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theorbe" title="Theorbe – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Theorbe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B2%CE%B7" title="Θεόρβη – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θεόρβη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theorbo" title="Theorbo – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Theorbo" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiorba" title="Tiorba – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tiorba" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorbo" title="Teorbo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Teorbo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiorba" title="Tiorba – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tiorba" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88" title="تیوربو – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تیوربو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9orbe" title="Théorbe – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Théorbe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siotar%C3%B3in%C3%A9" title="Siotaróiné – irlandzki" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Siotaróiné" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorbo" title="Teorbo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Teorbo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorbo" title="Teorbo – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Teorbo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiorba" title="Tiorba – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tiorba" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95" title="תיאורבו – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תיאורבו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorba" title="Teorba – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Teorba" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Теорба – macedoński" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Теорба" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorbe" title="Teorbe – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Teorbe" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9C" title="テオルボ – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テオルボ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorbe" title="Teorbe – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Teorbe" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorbe" title="Teorbe – norweski (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Teorbe" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norweski (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorba" title="Teorba – oksytański" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Teorba" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksytański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorba" title="Teorba – uzbecki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Teorba" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorba" title="Teorba – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Teorba" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorb%C4%83" title="Teorbă – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Teorbă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Теорба – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Теорба" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theorbo" title="Theorbo – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Theorbo" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Теорба – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Теорба" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teorb" title="Teorb – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Teorb" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Теорба – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Теорба" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q840920#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" 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PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorban&amp;printable=yes" title="Wersja do wydruku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Wersja do druku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> W innych projektach </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Theorbos" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q840920" title="Link do powiązanego elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox"> <caption class="naglowek" style="background-color:#66CDAA; color:#000000;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r65781301">.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">Teorban</div> </caption> <tbody><tr class="grafika iboxs"> <td colspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Lisiewsaka-woman-playing-a-lute.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ilustracja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Lisiewsaka-woman-playing-a-lute.jpg/240px-Lisiewsaka-woman-playing-a-lute.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Lisiewsaka-woman-playing-a-lute.jpg/360px-Lisiewsaka-woman-playing-a-lute.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Lisiewsaka-woman-playing-a-lute.jpg/480px-Lisiewsaka-woman-playing-a-lute.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1420" data-file-height="1013" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#66CDAA; color:black; border-top:1px #aaa solid;"><b><a href="/wiki/Klasyfikacja_Hornbostela-Sachsa" title="Klasyfikacja Hornbostela-Sachsa">Klasyfikacja naukowa</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">321.321-5 <p><a href="/wiki/Chordofony" title="Chordofony">Chordofon złożony</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#66CDAA; color:black;"><b><a href="/wiki/Instrument_muzyczny#Podział_instrumentów_muzycznych" title="Instrument muzyczny">Klasyfikacja popularna</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Chordofony" title="Chordofony">strunowy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chordofony_szarpane" title="Chordofony szarpane">szarpany</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#66CDAA; color:black;"><b>Podobne instrumenty</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Chitarrone" title="Chitarrone">chitarrone</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Theorbos" title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/42px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Theorbos" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Theorbos">Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Teorban</b> (także <b>teorba</b><sup id="cite_ref-pwnTheorba_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pwnTheorba-1">[1]</a></sup>) – <a href="/wiki/Instrument_muzyczny" title="Instrument muzyczny">instrument muzyczny</a>, w którym źródłem dźwięku są napięte struny szarpane palcami<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006890_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006890-2">[2]</a></sup>. Jeden z trzech typów <a href="/wiki/Arcylutnia" title="Arcylutnia">arcylutni</a><sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFSachs2005356_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFSachs2005356-3">[3]</a></sup>. </p><p>Ma owalny, wypukły korpus rezonansowy, podobny do korpusu <a href="/wiki/Lutnia" title="Lutnia">lutni</a>, oraz szeroką, długą szyjkę zakończoną podwójną skrzynką kołkową<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006890_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006890-2">[2]</a></sup>. Komora kołkowa strun melodycznych znajduje się na prostym (nie łamanym) przedłużeniu szyjki. Komora kołkowa <a href="/wiki/Struna_burdonowa" class="mw-redirect" title="Struna burdonowa">strun burdonowych</a> (basowych, niskobrzmiących) jest umieszczona ponad pierwszą i nieco z boku<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFSachs2005356_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFSachs2005356-3">[3]</a></sup>. Obydwie połączone są esowatą szyjką<sup id="cite_ref-ebTheorbo_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ebTheorbo-4">[4]</a></sup>. Struny teorbanu były początkowo pojedyncze, a od XVIII wieku zdwajane<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFSachs2005356_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFSachs2005356-3">[3]</a></sup>; melodyczne są skracane palcami, a burdonowe nie – wydają tylko jeden dźwięk. Liczba strun waha się od 11 do 14. Dwie najniższe struny są zawsze pojedyncze, pozostałe podwójne<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006890_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006890-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p><p>Od chitarrone oraz lutni teorbanizowanej różni się nieco gabarytami pudła rezonansowego, długością szyjki oraz konstrukcją dodatkowej skrzynki kołkowej<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFSachs2005356_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFSachs2005356-3">[3]</a></sup>. </p><p>Do teorbanu podobny jest ukraiński <a href="/wiki/Torban" title="Torban">torban</a>, różniący się nieco konstrukcją skrzynek kołkowych oraz wyposażony w dodatkowy zestaw 14–15 strun, przebiegających nad prawą stroną płyty wierzchniej<sup id="cite_ref-CITEREFSachs2005357_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CITEREFSachs2005357-5">[5]</a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorban&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorban&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-pwnTheorba-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-pwnTheorba_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web open-access"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230213131323/https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/teorba;3986500.html"><i>teorba</i></a>, [w:] <i><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_PWN_(internetowa)" title="Encyklopedia PWN (internetowa)">Encyklopedia PWN</a></i> [online], <a href="/wiki/Wydawnictwo_Naukowe_PWN" title="Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN">Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN</a><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2023-12-18]</span> [zarchiwizowane z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3986500">adresu</a> 2023-02-13]<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft.gengre=unknown&amp;rft.atitle=teorba&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.jtitle=%5B%5BWydawnictwo+Naukowe+PWN%5D%5D&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fencyklopedia.pwn.pl%2Fhaslo%2F%3B3986500" style="display:none">&#160;</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006890-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006890_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006890_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006890_2-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="harvard-citation"><a href="#CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006">Baculewski et al. 2006 ↓</a></span>, s.&#160;890.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CITEREFSachs2005356-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFSachs2005356_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFSachs2005356_3-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFSachs2005356_3-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFSachs2005356_3-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="harvard-citation"><a href="#CITEREFSachs2005">Sachs 2005 ↓</a></span>, s.&#160;356.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ebTheorbo-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ebTheorbo_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation open-access"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230220134352/https://www.britannica.com/art/theorbo"><i>theorbo</i></a>, [w:] <i><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>, 1 grudnia 2017<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2023-12-18]</span> [zarchiwizowane z <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/theorbo">adresu</a> 2023-02-20]<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft.gengre=bookitem&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.btitle=%27%27%5B%5BEncyklopedia+Britannica%7CEncyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%5D%5D%27%27&amp;rft.atitle=theorbo&amp;rft.date=2017-12-01&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2Ftheorbo" style="display:none">&#160;</span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CITEREFSachs2005357-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CITEREFSachs2005357_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="harvard-citation"><a href="#CITEREFSachs2005">Sachs 2005 ↓</a></span>, s.&#160;357.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorban&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teorban&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Bibliografia"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book" id="CITEREFBaculewski_et_al.2006">Krzysztof&#32;Baculewski et al.:&#32;<i>Encyklopedia Muzyki</i>.&#32;<a href="/wiki/Andrzej_Chodkowski" title="Andrzej Chodkowski">Andrzej Chodkowski</a> (red.).&#32;Warszawa&#58;&#32;Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN,&#32;2006. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/8301134100" title="Specjalna:Książki/8301134100">ISBN&#160;<span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">83-01-13410-0</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Encyklopedia+Muzyki&amp;rft.aulast=Baculewski+et+al.&amp;rft.aufirst=Krzysztof&amp;rft.pub=Wydawnictwo+Naukowe+PWN&amp;rft.place=Warszawa&amp;rft.isbn=8301134100"></span></cite></li> <li><cite class="citation book" id="CITEREFSachs2005"><a href="/wiki/Curt_Sachs" title="Curt Sachs">Kurt&#32;Sachs</a>:&#32;<i>Historia instrumentów muzycznych</i>.&#32;Stanisław Olędzki (tłum.).&#32;Warszawa&#58;&#32;<a href="/wiki/Oficyna_Wydawnicza_Volumen" title="Oficyna Wydawnicza Volumen">Oficyna Wydawnicza Volumen</a>,&#32;2005. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/8372330360" title="Specjalna:Książki/8372330360">ISBN&#160;<span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">83-7233-036-0</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Historia+instrument%C3%B3w+muzycznych&amp;rft.aulast=Sachs&amp;rft.aufirst=Kurt&amp;rft.pub=%5B%5BOficyna+Wydawnicza+Volumen%5D%5D&amp;rft.place=Warszawa&amp;rft.isbn=8372330360"></span></cite></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-fehlt"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a>&#160;(<span class="description">typ instrumentu muzycznego</span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/sh85134711">sh85134711</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4185092-0">4185092-0</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale" title="Bibliothèque nationale">BnF</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12175608p">12175608p</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Republiki_Czeskiej" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Republiki Czeskiej">NKC</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ph1035376">ph1035376</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Izraela" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Izraela">J9U</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007534160205171">987007534160205171</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_PWN_(internetowa)" title="Encyklopedia PWN (internetowa)">PWN</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo/;3986500.html">3986500</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Britannica</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/theorbo">art/theorbo</a></span>,&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/theorbo-lute">art/theorbo-lute</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P3219" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P3219">Universalis</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/theorbe/">theorbe</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wielka_Encyklopedia_Rosyjska" title="Wielka Encyklopedia Rosyjska">БРЭ</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/4187654">4187654</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_norske_leksikon" title="Store norske leksikon">SNL</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=4342&amp;url_prefix=https://snl.no/&amp;id=teorbe">teorbe</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img 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