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font-size:90%; float:right; padding:4px;"><tbody><tr style="background:#FFA812; color:white"><td colspan="2" align="center"><big><b>Institutional Shareholder Services</b></big></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="2" valign="top"><a href="/Institutional_Shareholder_Services" title="Institutional Shareholder Services"><img alt="ISSLogo.jpg" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6d/ISSLogo.jpg/150px-ISSLogo.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="57" srcset="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6d/ISSLogo.jpg/225px-ISSLogo.jpg 1.5x, https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/thumb/6/6d/ISSLogo.jpg/300px-ISSLogo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="883" data-file-height="338" /></a></td></tr><tr style="background:#FFA812; color:white; font-size:95%;"><td colspan="2" align="center"><b>Basic facts</b></td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top"><b>Location:</b></td><td>Global</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top"><b>Top official:</b></td><td align="left">Gary Retelny</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top"><b>Year founded:</b></td><td align="left">1985</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top"><b>Employees:</b></td><td align="left">2000</td></tr><tr><td align="center" valign="top"><b>Website:</b></td><td align="left"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.issgovernance.com/">Official website</a></td></tr> </tbody></table><div style="float:right; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 0.4em; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.8em; ;" class="toclimit-3"> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Mission"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Mission</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Work"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Work</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Leadership"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Leadership</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#What_is_ESG?"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">What is ESG?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Recent_news"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Recent news</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Footnotes"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Footnotes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <p><br /> <b>Institutional Shareholder Services</b> (ISS) is a proxy advisory firm that, according to its website, aims to empower "investors and companies to build for long-term and sustainable growth by providing high-quality data, analytics, and insight."<sup id="cite_ref-about_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-1">[1]</a></sup> ISS has several businesses including research that makes recommendations for corporate proxy voters and environment, social, corporate governance (ESG) services that provide data to investors.<sup id="cite_ref-about_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-1">[1]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Mission">Mission</span></h2> <p>As of 2021, ISS had the following mission: </p> <table data-nosnippet="" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none;background-color: transparent; auto; ;"> <tbody><tr> <td width="20" valign="top" style="border:none; color:#B2B7F2;font-size:35px;font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding: 10px 3px;">“ </td> <td valign="top" style="border: none; padding: 4px 10px;">ISS empowers investors and companies to build for long term and sustainable growth by providing high quality data, analytics and insight.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-quotedisclaimer-3">[3]</a></sup> </td> <td width="20" valign="bottom" style="border: none; color: #B2B7F2; font-size: 35px; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; padding: 10px 1px;">” </td></tr> </tbody></table> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Work">Work</span></h2> <table style="width:20%; background:#F0F0F0; font-size:100%; border:1px solid #ccc; float:right; padding:3px; text-align: center; margin-left:1.5%"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background-color: #0095A4; font-size:115%; color:white; height:30px">Environmental, social, and corporate governance </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance"><img alt="ESG Icon 200x200.png" src="https://ballotpedia.s3.amazonaws.com/images/c/ca/ESG_Icon_200x200.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #F0F0F0; font-size:100%;"><hr style="background-color:#407374" /> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background-color: #F0F0F0; font-size:100%;"><small>• <b><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">What is ESG?</a><br />• </b><a href="/Enacted_state_ESG_legislation_by_trifecta_status,_2020-2024" title="Enacted state ESG legislation by trifecta status, 2020-2024">Enacted ESG legislation</a><br />• <a href="/Arguments_about_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Arguments about environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Arguments for and against ESG</a><br />• <a href="/Opposition_to_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)_investing" title="Opposition to environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) investing">Opposition to ESG</a><br />• <a href="/Federal_rules_and_regulations_related_to_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Federal rules and regulations related to environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Federal ESG rules</a><br />• <a href="/Economy_and_Society" title="Economy and Society"><i>Economy and Society</i>: Ballotpedia's weekly ESG newsletter</a> <small> </small></small></th></tr></tbody></table><p>As of 2021, ISS listed these nine businesses as part of the company. The ISS description of each business follows each bullet point:<sup id="cite_ref-about_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-1">[1]</a></sup> </p><ul><li><b>Proxy Advisory Services</b>: "Institutional clients have long turned to ISS to apply their corporate governance views, identify environmental, social and governance risk, and manage their complete proxy voting needs on a global basis. ISS covers approximately 44,000 meetings in 115 markets yearly, delivering proxy research and vote recommendations while working closely with clients to execute more than 10.2 million ballots representing 4.2 trillion shares."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>ESG</b>: "ESG solutions enable investors to develop and integrate responsible investing policies and practices, engage on responsible investment issues, and monitor portfolio company practices through screening solutions. It also provides climate data, analytics, and advisory services to help financial market participants understand, measure, and act on climate-related risks across all asset classes. In addition, ESG solutions cover corporate and country ESG research and ratings enabling its clients to identify material social and environmental risks and opportunities."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Market Intelligence (MI)</b>: "Market Intelligence (MI) provides critical data and insight to global asset managers, insurance companies and distributors to help them make informed, strategic decisions to manage and grow their business. Through its combination of proprietary and integrated datasets, in-depth global research and trusted executive engagement, ISS MI delivers solutions for market sizing, competitor benchmarking, product strategy and opportunity identification across a wide range of financial products including funds, annuities, insurance, mortgages, and other instruments."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Transaction Cost Analysis (TCA)</b>: "Transaction Cost Analysis (TCA) provides through its LiquidMetrix unit a wide range of offerings, including TCA, execution quality, market abuse and pre-trade analysis services across every public order and trade executed on European venues. Clients include sell sides, buy sides, exchanges and regulators that require actionable analysis, reports, compliance tools, and global coverage."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Fund Services (FWW)</b>: "Fund Services is comprised of FWW, the leading German fund data disseminator and fund data distributor. Through the operation and licensing of data from its investment fund database, FWW helps investment fund advisors and investors make thoughtful investment decisions through the provision of transparent, up-to-date, and correct fund information across 1,500 data records on more than 33,000 investment fund share classes."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Securities Class Action Services (SCAS)</b>: "Clients can access turnkey securities class-action claims management that is provided by Securities Class Action Services, LLC. With close to three decades of experience, SCAS provides a complete end-to-end global offering with offices around the world and research & claims filing coverage on all countries supporting securities class actions and antitrust cases. Its proprietary online database, RecoverMax, is updated daily and offers comprehensive class action data from all global markets."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Media</b>: "Media comprises a highly regarded set of publications, digital assets, and research known for their editorial integrity, objectivity, and leadership within the industry as well as a conference business in the retirement segment."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>Economic Value Added (EVA)</b>: "ISS ESG provides institutions with an established standard in measuring, analyzing, projecting, valuing, and discounting a firm’s underlying economic profit through the provision of Economic Value Added (EVA)."</li></ul> <ul><li><b>ISS Corporate Solutions (ICS)</b>: "Corporate solutions help companies design and manage their corporate governance, executive compensation, and sustainability programs to align with company goals, reduce risk, and manage the needs of a diverse shareholder base by delivering best-in-class data, tools, and advisory services. Its market-leading expertise empowers companies to meet the growing demands of incorporating governance and sustainability principles across the enterprise."</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Leadership">Leadership</span></h2> <p>As of February 2021, the following individuals were leaders of ISS:<sup id="cite_ref-leaders_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leaders-4">[4]</a></sup> </p> <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;" class="mobile-columns"> <ul><li><b>Gary Retelny</b>, President & CEO</li> <li><b>Nancy Adler</b>, Head of global communications & marketing</li> <li><b>Mark Brockway</b>, Head of ISS Corporate Solutions (ICS)</li> <li><b>Alexis Daur</b>, Head of global human resources</li> <li><b>Ben Doob</b>, Head of ISS Market Intelligence</li> <li><b>Steven Friedman</b>, General counsel</li> <li><b>Jamie Gracey</b>, Head of global voting and data operations</li> <li><b>Robert Haßler</b>, Head of corporate responsibility</li> <li><b>Allen Heery</b>, CFO</li> <li><b>Lorraine Kelly</b>, Head of Governance Solutions</li> <li><b>Marija Kramer</b>, Head of ISS ESG</li> <li><b>Bob Lemmond</b>, Chief Revenue Officer</li> <li><b>Georgina Marshall</b>, Global head of research</li> <li><b>Matt Newman</b>, Head of global institutional sales</li> <li><b>Kevin O'Leary</b>, Chief Information Officer & chief information security officer</li> <li><b>Richard Reynics</b>, Head of global sales operations & intelligence</li> <li><b>Thomas Stockdale</b>, Head of data strategy and application development</li></ul> </div> <h2><span id="What_is_ESG.3F"></span><span class="mw-headline" id="What_is_ESG?">What is ESG?</span></h2> <p>The term <a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)</a> can refer to an investment approach or an approach to corporate decision-making that conforms a company to ideas and goals that ESG investors generally accept. The ESG investment approach involves considering the extent to which corporations conform to certain environmental, social, and corporate governance standards (such as net carbon emission or corporate board diversity goals) and avoiding investments in or otherwise withholding funding from companies that do not meet the standard. </p><p>Opponents of ESG investing argue that it reduces investment diversification (which increases portfolio risk), harms financial performance, and contrasts with an investment approach that focuses on the likely maximization of financial returns to the investor. To learn more about the opposition to ESG investing, <a href="/Opposition_to_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)_investing" title="Opposition to environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) investing">click here</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> </p><p>Supporters of ESG investing argue that in the long run, ESG investing will lead to acceptable financial returns. ESG advocates also say that ESG and profit are not mutually exclusive and argue that corporations can and should improve communities and the environment through the adoption of ESG philosophies and approaches.<sup id="cite_ref-wolfe_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wolfe-8">[8]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup> </p><p>For more information about ESG, follow the links below: </p> <ul><li><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)#Background:_What_is_ESG?" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Background: What is ESG?</a></li> <li><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)#Reform_proposals_related_to_environmental,_social_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Reform proposals related to environmental, social and corporate governance (ESG)</a></li> <li><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)#State_legislative_approaches_opposing_and_supporting_ESG_investing" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">State legislative approaches opposing and supporting ESG investing</a></li> <li><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)#Arguments_about_ESG_investing" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Arguments about ESG investing</a></li> <li><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)#Opposition_to_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)_investing" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Opposition to ESG and ESG investing</a></li> <li><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)#Scholarly_work_related_to_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Scholarly work related to environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)</a></li> <li><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)#Economy_and_Society:_Ballotpedia's_weekly_ESG_newsletter" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)"><i>Economy and Society</i>: Ballotpedia's weekly ESG newsletter</a></li></ul> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"><script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display("div-gpt-ad-1548351761485-0"); });</script></div><h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Recent_news">Recent news</span></h2> <p>The link below is to the most recent stories in a Google news search for the terms <b>Institutional Shareholder Services.</b> These results are automatically generated from Google. Ballotpedia does not curate or endorse these articles. </p> <div class="rss-feed"> <p><b><span style="font-size:135%"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="http://google.com/search?hl=en&gl=us&tbm=nws&q=Institutional+Shareholder+Services&um=1&ie=UTF-8">Institutional Shareholder Services - Google News</a></span></b> </p> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/Influencers_by_policy#Economic_policy_influencers" class="mw-redirect" title="Influencers by policy">Economic policy influencers</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2> <ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.issgovernance.com/">Institutional Shareholder Services website</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/issgovernance">Institutional Shareholder Services on Twitter</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Footnotes">Footnotes</span></h2> <p> <script type="text/javascript"> if(document.getElementsByClassName("reference").length==0) if(document.getElementById('Footnotes')!==null) document.getElementById('Footnotes').parentNode.style.display = 'none'; </script> </p> <div class="references-small"><div class="mobile-columns"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-about-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-about_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-about_1-1">1.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-about_1-2">1.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.issgovernance.com/about/about-iss/#1574276741161-7ca718d3-32ae">Institutional Shareholder Services, "About ISS," accessed February 2, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.issgovernance.com/core/">Institutional Shareholder Services, "ISS Core," accessed February 2, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-quotedisclaimer-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-quotedisclaimer_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-leaders-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-leaders_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.issgovernance.com/about/leadership-team/">Institutional Shareholder Services, "Leadership Team," accessed February 2, 2021</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2022/09/12/1121976216/esg-explained"><i>NPR</i>, "How ESG investing got tangled up in America's culture wars", September 12, 2022</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/esg-and-the-long-run-interests-dodge-stockholders-apple-disney-chevron-equity-pressure-lgbtqa-company-climate-change-11664459307?mod=Searchresults_pos2&page=1"><i>Wall Street Journal</i>, "ESG and the ‘Long-Run Interests’ Dodge", September 29, 2022</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/an-esg-champion-stumbles-11663869233?mod=Searchresults_pos3&page=1"><i>Wall Street Journal</i>, "An ESG Champion Stumbles: The California Public Employees’ Retirement System posts a decade of lackluster returns.", September 22, 2022</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wolfe-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-wolfe_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/23/lauren-taylor-wolfe-says-its-just-too-risky-for-investors-to-ignore-esg-amid-recent-pushback.html"><i>CNBC</i>, "Lauren Taylor Wolfe says it’s just too risky for investors to ignore ESG amid recent pushback", September 23, 2022</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2022/09/29/the-esg-backlash-inside-the-executive-ranks-at-top-corporations.html"><i>CNBC</i>, "There’s an ESG backlash inside the executive ranks at top corporations", September 29, 2022</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#bbccee;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:ESG_hnt" title="Template:ESG hnt"><span title="View this template" style=";background:#bbccee;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:ESG_hnt&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#bbccee;;border:none;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><big><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)</a></big></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Index</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Index_of_articles_about_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Index of articles about environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Index of articles about environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Overviews</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Arguments_about_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Arguments about environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">ESG arguments‎</a> • <a href="/Opposition_to_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)_investing" title="Opposition to environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) investing">Opposition to ESG</a> • <a href="/Reform_proposals_related_to_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Reform proposals related to environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Reform proposals related to ESG</a> • <a href="/Federal_rules_and_regulations_related_to_environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance_(ESG)" title="Federal rules and regulations related to environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG)">Federal ESG rules and regulations</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Legislation</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/State_legislative_approaches_opposing_ESG_investing" title="State legislative approaches opposing ESG investing">State legislative approaches opposing ESG investing</a> • <a href="/State_legislative_approaches_supporting_ESG_investing" title="State legislative approaches supporting ESG investing">State legislative approaches supporting ESG investing</a> • <a href="/Enacted_state_ESG_legislation_by_trifecta_status,_2020-2024" title="Enacted state ESG legislation by trifecta status, 2020-2024">Enacted state ESG legislation by trifecta status, 2020-2024</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Terms</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Environmental,_social,_and_corporate_governance" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental, social, and corporate governance">Environmental, social, and corporate governance</a> • <a href="/Socially_responsible_investing" title="Socially responsible investing">Socially responsible investing</a> • <a href="/Shareholder_model_of_the_corporation" title="Shareholder model of the corporation">Shareholder model of the corporation</a> • <a href="/Stakeholder_model_of_the_corporation_(stakeholder_capitalism)" title="Stakeholder model of the corporation (stakeholder capitalism)">Stakeholder model of the corporation (stakeholder capitalism)</a> • <a href="/Applied_business_ethics" title="Applied business ethics">Applied business ethics </a> • <a href="/Sustainability_(ESG)" title="Sustainability (ESG)">Sustainability (ESG)</a> • <a href="/Materiality_(ESG)" title="Materiality (ESG)">Materiality (ESG)</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Influencers</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/R._Edward_Freeman" title="R. Edward Freeman">R. Edward Freeman</a> • <a href="/BlackRock" title="BlackRock">BlackRock</a> • <a href="/Sustainability_Accounting_Standards_Board_(SASB)" title="Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB)">Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB)</a> • <a href="/As_You_Sow" title="As You Sow">As You Sow</a> • <a href="/Free_Enterprise_Project" title="Free Enterprise Project">Free Enterprise Project</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Institutional Shareholder Services</a> <a href="/The_Great_Reset_(World_Economic_Forum)" title="The Great Reset (World Economic Forum)">The Great Reset (World Economic Forum)</a> • <a href="/Stephen_Soukup" title="Stephen Soukup">Stephen Soukup</a> • <a href="/Vivek_Ramaswamy" title="Vivek Ramaswamy">Vivek Ramaswamy</a> • <a href="/Net_Zero_Asset_Managers_Initiative" title="Net Zero Asset Managers Initiative">Net Zero Asset Managers Initiative</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Public pensions</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/State_public_pension_plans" title="State public pension plans">State public pension plans</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#bbccee;;"><b>Newsletter</b></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Economy_and_Society" title="Economy and Society"><i>Economy and Society</i> (weekly)</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#0744ac; color: white;" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ;background:#0744ac; color: white;;border:none;;"><a href="/Template:Ballotpedia" title="Template:Ballotpedia"><span title="View this template" style=";background:#0744ac; color: white;;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener" class="external text" href="https://ballotpedia.org/wiki/index.php?title=Template:Ballotpedia&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#0744ac; color: white;;border:none;;" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving.">e</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;">Ballotpedia</span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";background:#f0a237; color: white;;"><span style="color:#0b47a8"><b><a href="/Ballotpedia:About" title="Ballotpedia:About">About</a></b></span></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/Ballotpedia:Overview_and_contact_information" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Overview and contact information">Overview</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:What_people_are_saying" title="Ballotpedia:What people are saying">What people are saying</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Donate" title="Ballotpedia:Donate">Support Ballotpedia</a> • <a href="/Ballotpedia:Overview_and_contact_information" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballotpedia:Overview and contact 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